identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
E43287C1FFB11E04FF20FC65FA21FB5D.text	E43287C1FFB11E04FF20FC65FA21FB5D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gyrophaenina Kraatz 1856	<div><p>Key to genera of the subtribe Gyrophaenina in Japan</p> <p>1 Body flattened, elongate oval to parallel-sided in dorsal view; ligula entire, parallel-sided............................ 2</p> <p>- Body rather convex, broadly oval to elongate oval in dorsal view; ligula bifid, or, if entire, broadly rounded............. 3</p> <p>2 Eyes extremely large, occupying most of lateral margins of head.............................. Phanerota Casey, 1906</p> <p>- Eyes moderate in size......................................................... Gyrophaena Mannerheim, 1830</p> <p>3 Body densely covered with relatively long setae; meso- and metaventral process not fused; ligula entire, broadly rounded.............................................................................. Brachida Mulsant &amp; Rey, 1871</p> <p>- Body sparsely covered with relatively short setae; meso- and metaventral process fused; ligula bifid, parallel-sided...................................................................................... Pseudoligota Cameron, 1920</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E43287C1FFB11E04FF20FC65FA21FB5D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Hashizume, Takuto;Yamamoto, Shûhei;Maruyama, Munetoshi	Hashizume, Takuto, Yamamoto, Shûhei, Maruyama, Munetoshi (2023): Taxonomic notes on the genus Pseudoligota Cameron (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) from Japan. Zootaxa 5227 (1): 100-108, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5227.1.4
E43287C1FFB11E04FF20FA9FFA39F92A.text	E43287C1FFB11E04FF20FA9FFA39F92A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudoligota Cameron 1920	<div><p>Genus Pseudoligota Cameron, 1920</p> <p>Pseudoligota Cameron, 1920: 213 (original description).</p> <p>Type species: Pseudoligota varians Cameron, 1920, fixed by subsequent designation by Blackwelder, 1952: 327.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The genus Pseudoligota can be distinguished from other Japanese gyrophaenin genera by the combination of the following character states: body minute (adults BL: 0.8–1.2 mm) and slightly limuloid; hypomeron not visible in lateral view; mesoventrite without medial longitudinal carina; meso- and metaventral processes between mesocoxae fused; inner face of lacinia with single row of setae; apex of galea with four rows of setae; labium with ligula bifid, divided at distal 2/3–3/4 of its length; prelabium with single medial seta (modified after Ashe 1984).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E43287C1FFB11E04FF20FA9FFA39F92A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Hashizume, Takuto;Yamamoto, Shûhei;Maruyama, Munetoshi	Hashizume, Takuto, Yamamoto, Shûhei, Maruyama, Munetoshi (2023): Taxonomic notes on the genus Pseudoligota Cameron (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) from Japan. Zootaxa 5227 (1): 100-108, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5227.1.4
E43287C1FFB11E01FF20F8F8FF56FE3E.text	E43287C1FFB11E01FF20F8F8FF56FE3E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudoligota antennata (Bernhauer 1907) Hashizume & Yamamoto & Maruyama 2023	<div><p>Pseudoligota antennata (Bernhauer, 1907), comb. nov.</p> <p>(Figs 1A, 2A–C, 4A–B, 5A)</p> <p>Oligota antennata Bernhauer, 1907: 388 (original description; type locality: Onsen [Unzen in Nagasaki-ken, Kyushu]). Oligota (Holobus) antennata: Bernhauer &amp; Scheerpeltz, 1926: 512 (catalogue).</p> <p>Holobus antennatus: Smetana, 2004: 453 (catalogue); Schülke &amp; Smetana, 2015: 657 (catalogue).</p> <p>Pseudoligota affinis Cameron, 1939: 147 (original description; type locality: Siwaliks: Nakraunda [Northern India: Uttarakhand,</p> <p>Nakraunda in ‘Siwaliks’ [= presumably city of Shivalik Nagar], Nakraunda Village.]); Smetana, 2004: 447 (catalogue); Pace, 2011: 29 (Eastern India: Orissa (currently Odisha)); Pace, 2012: 325 (Malaysia: Pahang); Schülke &amp; Smetana, 2015: 646 (catalogue). Syn. nov.</p> <p>Material examined. Type material. Holotype: male, “Onsen. Japan / lg. Sauter. [handwritten] // antennata / Brh. Typ [handwritten] // Oligota antennata / Brh. Typus [handwritten] // Chicago NHMus / M. Bernhauer / Collection.” (abdominal segments VIII‒X and aedeagus were dissected and mounted in Euparal by MM) (FMNH). See details on Fig. 4.</p> <p>Additional specimens studied. JAPAN: Hokkaido: [Hokkaido]: 4 exs., Kannonzawa-rindô, Toyama, Minami-ku, Sapporo-shi, 8 VIII 2021, T. Nozaki leg. (KUM); Shikoku: [Ehime-ken]: 1 ex., Matsuyama Castle, Kuromon Trail, 17 V 2018, P. Jałoszyński leg. (pcPJ); Kyushu: [Ôita-ken]: 17 exs., Shônaichô-Asono, Yufu-shi, 20 V 2021, T. Hashizume leg. (KUM); [Nagasaki-ken]: 3 exs., Mitsushimamachi-Sumo, Tsushima-shi, 11 IX 2021, T. Hashizume leg. (KUM); [Kagoshima-ken]: 1 ex., Koseda, Yaku-shima Is., 22 VII 2021, T. Hashizume leg. (KUM); 6 exs., Kurio, Yaku-shima Is., 21 VII 2021, T. Hashizume leg. (KUM).</p> <p>Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from its congeners by a combination of the following characters: body black, antennae and legs yellow, elytra and male tergite VII unmodified, male tergite VIII with broad blunt median tooth at posterior margin, and the shape of the median lobe of aedeagus. Pseudoligota picea Pace, 2003 and P. picetoides Pace, 2003 have somewhat similar median lobes of the aedeagus, but males of these species have carinae or granules at sutural elytral margins and an elongate tubercle in the center of tergite VII.</p> <p>Redescription. Measurements. (n = 5): BL 0.90–1.27; FBL: 0.52–0.66; HL: 0.17–0.20; HW: 0.26–0.29; PL: 0.19–0.25; PW: 0.38–0.46; EL: 0.19–0.26; EW: 0.43–0.56. (Holotype: BL ≈ 1.1; PL: 0.24; PW: 0.43; HTL: 0.24).</p> <p>Body (Fig. 1A) black; legs and antennae excluding terminal segment yellow; antennal terminal segment darker than proximal segments.</p> <p>Head. Transverse, about 1.50 times as wide as long. Sparsely punctured with indistinct shallow punctures. Antenna 11-segmented, segments I–III longer than wide, segments IV–V about as wide as long, VI–X transverse, segment XI 1.5 times as long as wide.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum transverse, about 1.83 times as wide as long, widest at posterior angles, base rounded; punctures somewhat denser, more distinct than those of head; microsculpture indistinct. Elytra transverse, slightly wider than pronotum; punctures larger than those of pronotum; microsculpture slightly stronger than that on pronotum, composed of transverse reticulation; carinae or granules on sutural margins absent. Hind wings developed.</p> <p>Abdomen narrowed posteriad, with punctures finer than those on elytra, with diamond-shaped reticulation. Tergite VII unmodified.</p> <p>Male. Tergite VIII (Fig. 2A) with broad blunt median tooth at posterior margin. Median lobe of aedeagus (Fig. 2B) of complicated shape; parameral process bilobed, parameral lobe of parameral process long, apex pointed, bending paramerally in the apical 2/5; abparameral lobe short, apex rounded, exceeding the flexure of parameral lobe; long thin lobe on left side in abparameral view; flagellum very long, emerging to outside from behind the parameral process, basal part of flagellum relatively small and slightly oval.</p> <p>Female. Similar to male in general appearance. Tergite VIII without broad blunt tooth at posterior margin. Spermatheca (Fig. 2C) simple; distal bulb rounded with tongue-shaped lobe, wall of the distal end protrudes inward; duct curved.</p> <p>Distribution. Japan: (Kyushu; Hokkaido, Tsushima Is., Yaku-shima Is.—new record); India, Peninsular Malaysia.</p> <p>Remarks. Pseudoligota antennata was originally described as Oligota antennata by Bernhauer (1907). Then, Holobus was given a full generic rank by Coiffait &amp; Saiz (1967) and recently this species was catalogued as Holobus antennatus (Smetana 2004; Schülke &amp; Smetana 2015). However, after studying the holotype of Oligota antennata, it was determined that this species should belong to the genus Pseudoligota. Pseudoligota affinis was described from northernmost India by Cameron (1939). The original description of P. affinis (see Cameron (1939)) and illustrations of the aedeagus of P. affinis in Ashe (1984) are consistent with the characteristics of P. antennata, and the two species are indistinguishable. Therefore, P. affinis should be regarded as a junior synonym of P. antennata.</p> <p>Bionomics. Most specimens were obtained from fungi on dead wood in deciduous and evergreen forests (Fig. 5A–B).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E43287C1FFB11E01FF20F8F8FF56FE3E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Hashizume, Takuto;Yamamoto, Shûhei;Maruyama, Munetoshi	Hashizume, Takuto, Yamamoto, Shûhei, Maruyama, Munetoshi (2023): Taxonomic notes on the genus Pseudoligota Cameron (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) from Japan. Zootaxa 5227 (1): 100-108, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5227.1.4
E43287C1FFB41E03FF20FDCCFA95FE3E.text	E43287C1FFB41E03FF20FDCCFA95FE3E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudoligota nozakii Hashizume, Yamamoto & Maruyama 2023	<div><p>Pseudoligota nozakii Hashizume, Yamamoto &amp; Maruyama, sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs 1B, 3A–C, 5C)</p> <p>Type material. Holotype: male (KUM), “JAPAN: Okinawa-ken, / Ishigaki-shi, Sakieda, / Maese-dake, / 26 III 2022, / T. Nozaki leg. // HOLOTYPE / Pseudoligota / nozakii / des. T. Hashizume, / S. Yamamoto &amp; / M. Maruyama, 2022”. Paratypes. JAPAN: [Okinawa-ken]: 4 males, 2 females, 4 unsexed, same data as holotype. (KUM).</p> <p>Diagnosis. This species is similar to P. antennata, it can be distinguished by its smaller body, the male tergite</p> <p>VIII without a broad blunt tooth at the posterior margin, and the abparameral lobe of the parameral process of median lobe of aedeagus not reaching the flexure of the parameral lobe of parameral process. This species can also be distinguished from other Pseudoligota spp. by a combination of the black body coloration, the unmodified elytra, male tergite VII, and male tergite VIII, the relatively complicated general shape of the median lobe of the aedeagus, and the absence of inward protrusion on the wall of distal end of the spermatheca.</p> <p>Description. Measurements. (n = 5): BL 0.84–0.96; FBL: 0.51–0.58; HL: 0.16–0.18; HW: 0.25–0.26; PL: 0.20–0.22; PW: 0.38; EL: 0.19–0.21; EW: 0.41–0.46.</p> <p>Body (Fig. 1B) black; legs and antennae excluding terminal segment yellow; antennal terminal segment darker than proximal segments.</p> <p>Head. Transverse, about 1.53 times as wide as long. Sparsely punctured with indistinct shallow punctures. Antenna 11-segmented, segments I–III longer than wide, segments IV–X transverse, segment XI about 1.5 times as long as wide.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum transverse, about 1.85 times as wide as long, widest at posterior angles, base rounded; punctures somewhat denser, more distinct than those of head; microsculpture indistinct. Elytra transverse, slightly wider than pronotum; punctures larger than those of pronotum; microsculpture slightly stronger than that on pronotum, composed of transverse reticulation; carinae or granules on sutural margins absent. Hind wings developed.</p> <p>Abdomen narrowed posteriad, with punctures finer than those on elytra, with diamond-shaped sculpture. Tergite VII unmodified.</p> <p>Male. Tergite VIII (Fig. 3A) without broad blunt tooth at posterior margin. Median lobe of aedeagus (Fig. 3B) of complicated shape; parameral process bilobed, parameral lobe of parameral process long, apex pointed, bending paramerally in the apical 2/5; abparameral lobe short, apex rounded, not reaching the flexure of parameral lobe; long thin lobe on left side in abparameral view; flagellum very long, emerging to outside from behind the parameral process, basal part of flagellum large and slightly oval.</p> <p>Female. Similar to male in general appearance. Spermatheca (Fig. 3C) simple; distal bulb rounded with tongueshaped lobe, wall of the distal end without inward protrusion; duct curved.</p> <p>Distribution. Japan: Ryukyus: Ishigaki-jima Is.</p> <p>Etymology. This specific name of the new species is dedicated to Tsubasa Nozaki who is the collector of the type series.</p> <p>Bionomics. All specimens were obtained from fungi on dead wood in evergreen forest (Fig. 5C–D).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E43287C1FFB41E03FF20FDCCFA95FE3E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Hashizume, Takuto;Yamamoto, Shûhei;Maruyama, Munetoshi	Hashizume, Takuto, Yamamoto, Shûhei, Maruyama, Munetoshi (2023): Taxonomic notes on the genus Pseudoligota Cameron (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) from Japan. Zootaxa 5227 (1): 100-108, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5227.1.4
E43287C1FFB61E03FF20FA6AFA20F9F6.text	E43287C1FFB61E03FF20FA6AFA20F9F6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudoligota Cameron 1920	<div><p>Key to Japanese species of Pseudoligota</p> <p>1. Male tergite VIII with broad blunt median tooth at posterior margin; wall of distal end of spermatheca with inward protrusion........................................................................... P. antennata (Bernhauer, 1907)</p> <p>- Male tergite VIII unmodified; wall of distal end of spermatheca without inward protrusion.............. P. nozakii sp. nov.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E43287C1FFB61E03FF20FA6AFA20F9F6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Hashizume, Takuto;Yamamoto, Shûhei;Maruyama, Munetoshi	Hashizume, Takuto, Yamamoto, Shûhei, Maruyama, Munetoshi (2023): Taxonomic notes on the genus Pseudoligota Cameron (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) from Japan. Zootaxa 5227 (1): 100-108, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5227.1.4
