identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03B687BCDB5DFFDBFF59FDD1FF888CD0.text	03B687BCDB5DFFDBFF59FDD1FF888CD0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pachyrhynchus faisali Bollino 2023	<div><p>Pachyrhynchus faisali Bollino, sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs. 1A–1G)</p> <p>http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: EA6E6229-44F5-4EA5-861B-2D710D48809C</p> <p>Type material. Holotype, male (Figs. 1A–1B): Indonesia — West Papua / Teminabuan / South Sorong Regency / vii.2020 / lg. local people—coll. Bollino (typed on white card) // HOLOTYPE / Pachyrhynchus faisali / BOLLINO, 2023 (typed on red card) (SMTD).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Pachyrhynchus faisali is similar in general appearance to P. forsteni; however, P. faisali is easily distinguishable from P. forsteni by the elytra being striate-punctate, the unique color of the scaly markings on the prothorax and elytra, and the slightly more globose eyes.</p> <p>Description. Male. Dimensions: LB: 11.1; LR: 1.9; WR: 2.0; LP: 3.9; WP: 4.1; LE: 7.2; WE: 5.7.</p> <p>Color pattern. Integument glossy black with weak bluish luster on rostrum, underside with weaker luster. Body subglabrous, with cobalt blue scaly markings. Rostrum dorsally minutely pubescent; each side of rostrum covered with longer hairs on lateral part before antennal scrobe, small patch of cobalt blue scales on lateroventral part behind antennal scrobe.</p> <p>Prothorax with the following three cobalt blue scaly markings: 1) small sublateral elongate patch of round scales near subapical groove; 2) very small sublateral patch of round scales near subbasal groove; 3) lateral patches along basal margin. Each elytron with the following sixteen scaly markings: 1–5) subbasal round spot on interval 3, 5, 7, 9 and 10, those on interval 3, 9 and 10 being smaller; 6–11) post-median round spot on interval 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8, those on interval 2, 4 and 6 being smaller and slightly more anterior; 12) post-median elongated spot on interval 10; 13–15) subapical round patches on interval 3, 5 and 7; 16) preapical transverse stripe. Femora partially covered with fine hairs. Tibiae fringed with fine brownish hairs along internal margins, mingled with darker setae; fore and middle tibiae sparsely covered with brownish hairs becoming denser along internal margins and on apical parts; hind tibiae mostly covered with similar hairs to those on fore tibiae. Mesosternum sparsely pubescent with few cobalt blue scales; metasternum glabrous with lateral patches of cobalt blue scales. Venter subglabrous. Ventrites 1 and 2 with sublateral patches of cobalt blues scales, that of ventrite 2 being smaller.</p> <p>Head moderately minutely punctate; forehead flattish; eyes moderately convex from lateral contour of head.</p> <p>Rostrum nearly as long as wide (LR/WR 0.95); dorsum moderately minutely punctate, with shallow, narrowly arrowhead-shaped concavity on middle of basal half, and shallow oval impressions in lateral portion of basal half, weakly bulging on apical half; apical bulge dorsally flattish, smooth; dorsal contour of forehead and rostrum subcontinuous; dorsal contour of rostrum almost flat in basal half, then slightly raised from center to apical quarter, and finally gradually declined at apex.</p> <p>Antennae with scape moderately clavate, flattened, slightly shorter than funicle; funicular segment I nearly two times as long as wide, slightly longer than II; segment II slightly less than twice width, twice as long as III; segments III– VI subequal in length, nearly as long as wide; segment VII as long as VI, wider than long; club narrowly subellipsoidal, 2.25 times as long as wide.</p> <p>Pronotum subspherical, nearly as long as wide (WP/LP 1.05); dorsum smooth, faintly minutely punctate, moderately convex; dorsal contour highest at middle; lateral contour strongly dilated from moderately constricted base, widest just behind middle, faintly convergent apicad; basal margin subtruncate; apical margin shallowly arched; subbasal and subapical grooves indistinct.</p> <p>Elytra subobovoid (LE/WE 1.26), wider than prothorax (WE/WP 1.39), nearly twice as long as prothorax, (LE/LP 1.85), striate-punctate, with intervals evenly flat; dorsum dorsally convex; dorsal contour highest before middle; lateral contour gently dilated from base, widest at middle, then more strongly convergent to apex, without subapical constriction.</p> <p>Metasternum and ventrite I conjointly depressed on disc; discal depression deep on ventrite I, apically reaching apical margin of ventrite I.</p> <p>Legs slender; femora moderately clavate; anterior margins of fore femora and posterior margins of middle and hind femora weakly emarginate in subapical parts; tibiae somewhat strongly incurved, finely serrate along internal margins, mucronate at apices.</p> <p>Genitalia as illustrated (Figs. 1D–1G).</p> <p>Female: unknown.</p> <p>Distribution. This species is known only from the type locality.</p> <p>Etymology. This species is dedicated to my friend Faisal Latutuapraya (Bali, Indonesia) for his contribution to the knowledge of the Indonesian Curculionidae.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B687BCDB5DFFDBFF59FDD1FF888CD0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bollino, Maurizio	Bollino, Maurizio (2023): About some Indonesian Pachyrhynchus Germar 1824 with description of a new species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae, Pachyrhynchini). Zootaxa 5227 (4): 495-500, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5227.4.7
03B687BCDB5FFFDBFF59FD25F86E8DB2.text	03B687BCDB5FFFDBFF59FD25F86E8DB2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pachyrhynchus forsteni Snellen van Vollenhoven 1864	<div><p>Pachyrhynchus forsteni Snellen van Vollenhoven, 1864</p> <p>(Figs. 2A, 2C)</p> <p>This species was described from “ Ternate, Halmaheira et Sumatra ”, and recently Yoshitake et al. (2018) reported it from Makian Island. In that same article the authors questioned the presence of the species on Sumatra, considering it unlikely. Recently three specimens of this species were captured north of the village of Daeo Majiko (South Morotai— Morotai Island) together with a series of Pachyrhynchus morotaiensis Snellen van Vollenhoven, 1864. The specimens, one of which in the author’s collection, are identical to the specimens examined from the island of Halmahera.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B687BCDB5FFFDBFF59FD25F86E8DB2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bollino, Maurizio	Bollino, Maurizio (2023): About some Indonesian Pachyrhynchus Germar 1824 with description of a new species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae, Pachyrhynchini). Zootaxa 5227 (4): 495-500, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5227.4.7
03B687BCDB5FFFDDFF59FBC0FFF78F30.text	03B687BCDB5FFFDDFF59FBC0FFF78F30.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pachyrhynchus viridis (Chevrolat 1879)	<div><p>Pachyrhynchus viridis (Chevrolat, 1879)</p> <p>(Figs. 2B, 2E)</p> <p>The species was originally placed in the genus Apocyrtus Erichson 1834 by Chevrolat (1879), with type locality “Nova-Guinea (Dorey) [= Manokwari]”. Later, Dalla Torre et al. (1931) treated it as a member of the genus Sphenomorpha Behrens 1887, a treatment followed by Setliff (2007). Yoshitake (2017), after examination of the holotype in Naturhistoriska riksmuseet, Stockholm, proposed the new combination Pachyrhynchus viridis (Chevrolat).</p> <p>Recently I obtained a single male of Pachyrhynchus from Neney village (Ransiki District, Manokwari Province, West Papua) which matches the diagnosis of P. viridis provided by Yoshitake (2017), but the color of the tegument is shiny black. In the same paper, Yoshitake described Pachyrhynchus ohbayashii from Biak Island. Comparing both the diagnosis and images of the two species provided by Yoshitake, I have not been able to attribute my specimen with certainty to one or the other species. Based on the simple topological data I consider it Pachyrhynchus viridis.</p> <p>Taking advantage of the availability of specimens of four of the five Indonesian species of Pachyrhynchus most phenetically similar to each other, I also wanted to compare the morphology of the male genitalia, as well as attempt the evertion of the endophallus. As already pointed out (Bollino &amp; Sandel, 2017; Cabras et al., 2018), this latter procedure is not simple, and usually requires several attempts with different specimens. I was able to obtain a complete evertion only in P. morotaiensis (Fig. 2D) and P. viridis (Fig. 2E), and a partial eversion in P. forsteni (Fig. 2C), while I have not obtained any results in P. faisali.</p> <p>The morphology of the aedeagus and/or endophallus of the genus Pachyrhynchus has sometimes been used to propose phyletic relationships between species (Bollino et al., 2017; Cabras et al., 2017; Bollino, 2022). In the species treated here and on the basis of the morphology of the endophallus, it would seem that P. forsteni and P. viridis are more differentiated from the other species of the genus Pachyrhynchus as no other taxon has the long median dorsal diverticulum found in the two Indonesian species (see red arrows in figs. 2C and 2E). Something similar is also present in some Pachyrhynchini belonging to the genus Pantorhytes Faust 1892, even if the general structure of the endophallus of this genus is simpler and the smaller median diverticulum is ventral (fig. 2F). Pachyrhynchus morotaiensis,on the contrary, seems in this respect more similar to the rest of the members of the genus Pachyrhynchus.</p> <p>As regards the morphology of the aedeagus, the only relevant data is the shape of the apex, rounded in P. forsteni, P. morotaiensis and P. faisali, and slightly pointed in P. viridis and P. ohbayashii. The length of the apodemes compared to that of the aedeagus is also different (P. forsteni LA / LEd: 2.10; P. faisali LA / LEd: 1.62; P. morotaiensis: LA / LEd: 1.41; P. viridis: LA / LEd: 1.55; P. ohbayashii: LA / LEd: 1.79). On the basis of my experience, the length of the apodemes of the Pachyrhynchini is directly proportional to the length of the introflexed endophallus, and therefore of the everted one also.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B687BCDB5FFFDDFF59FBC0FFF78F30	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bollino, Maurizio	Bollino, Maurizio (2023): About some Indonesian Pachyrhynchus Germar 1824 with description of a new species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae, Pachyrhynchini). Zootaxa 5227 (4): 495-500, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5227.4.7
