taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
03EF87ABFFD2FFE7CDFCFD393F82FE04.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7551507/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7551507	Figure 4 (facing page 129). Living animals in aquaria. (A) Janthina janthina (Linnaeus) (centre) and J. pallida Thomson (left, and part of another float at right) together, showing different bubble sizes in floats, and J. janthina feeding on pink eggs of J. pallida beneath float; collected at Arina Beach, Heraklion, Crete. (B) Janthina janthina, collected on beach in northern New South Wales, Australia, clearly showing forked cephalic tentacles;(C–E) Janthina janthina, all data as for Fig.4A; C, showing forked cephalic tentacles, lack of eyes, and teeth and odontophore protruding from mouth at end of extended snout; D–E, showing extended head and snout, odontophore visible in mouth, and partially expanded right epipodium lying over shell (A, C–E, reproduced with permission of Dimitris Poursanidis, Heraklion, Crete; B, reproduced with permission of Denis Riek, Brunswick Heads, New South Wales). Scale bars 10 mm.	Figure 4 (facing page 129). Living animals in aquaria. (A) Janthina janthina (Linnaeus) (centre) and J. pallida Thomson (left, and part of another float at right) together, showing different bubble sizes in floats, and J. janthina feeding on pink eggs of J. pallida beneath float; collected at Arina Beach, Heraklion, Crete. (B) Janthina janthina, collected on beach in northern New South Wales, Australia, clearly showing forked cephalic tentacles;(C–E) Janthina janthina, all data as for Fig.4A; C, showing forked cephalic tentacles, lack of eyes, and teeth and odontophore protruding from mouth at end of extended snout; D–E, showing extended head and snout, odontophore visible in mouth, and partially expanded right epipodium lying over shell (A, C–E, reproduced with permission of Dimitris Poursanidis, Heraklion, Crete; B, reproduced with permission of Denis Riek, Brunswick Heads, New South Wales). Scale bars 10 mm.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFD2FFE7CDFCFD393F82FE04.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677022/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677022	Figure 5. (See facing page 131 for caption).	Figure 5. (See facing page 131 for caption).	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFD6FFFCCF08FD953867F8EC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7548727/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7548727	Figure 24. Specimens of Janthina typica (Bronn), all except A–C enlarged uniformly. (A–C) neotype designated here of Hartungia typica Bronn, 1861 and Janthina hartungi Mayer, 1864, MIGM1312, Farolim da Ponta do Norte (North Point Lighthouse), Santa Maria I., Azores, Zanclean (photos by C. Marques da Silva). (D, E) neotype designated here of Turbo postulatus Bartrum, AUGD G5721, Kaawa Creek, SW Auckland, New Zealand, Opoitian (Zanclean). (F–I) 2 specimens, Kaawa Creek, SW Auckland, Opoitian (Zanclean); F, I, GNS TM4670; G–H, GNS TM4671. (J, K, O) holotype of Acrybia (Hartungia) chouberti Chavan, Service Géologique du Maroc, Rabat, Morocco, P7064; unwhitened photos from Rabat sent by N. H. Ludbrook (see also Ludbrook 1978: 122, pl. 12, figs 17–19, at half this scale); Fouarat, E of Casablanca, Morocco, Zanclean. (L) abraded specimen, DBUA-F-428, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgado, Azores; from Ponta do Castelo, SE tip of Santa Maria I., Azores, Zanclean, coll. S. Ávila, 15 Sep 2006 (photo by S. Ávila). (M) NMB Po.6227, ex Mayer-Eymar collection; possible type material of Janthina hartungi Mayer, modelling clay impression from natural cast in rock, Ponta dos Matos, Santa Maria I., Azores, Zanclean.(N) GNS GS12289, E branch Greeks Creek,Arahura Valley, Westland, New Zealand, Waipipian (early Piacenzian). Scale bars 10 mm; upper bar applies to Figs 24A–C, lower bar applies to all other figures.	Figure 24. Specimens of Janthina typica (Bronn), all except A–C enlarged uniformly. (A–C) neotype designated here of Hartungia typica Bronn, 1861 and Janthina hartungi Mayer, 1864, MIGM1312, Farolim da Ponta do Norte (North Point Lighthouse), Santa Maria I., Azores, Zanclean (photos by C. Marques da Silva). (D, E) neotype designated here of Turbo postulatus Bartrum, AUGD G5721, Kaawa Creek, SW Auckland, New Zealand, Opoitian (Zanclean). (F–I) 2 specimens, Kaawa Creek, SW Auckland, Opoitian (Zanclean); F, I, GNS TM4670; G–H, GNS TM4671. (J, K, O) holotype of Acrybia (Hartungia) chouberti Chavan, Service Géologique du Maroc, Rabat, Morocco, P7064; unwhitened photos from Rabat sent by N. H. Ludbrook (see also Ludbrook 1978: 122, pl. 12, figs 17–19, at half this scale); Fouarat, E of Casablanca, Morocco, Zanclean. (L) abraded specimen, DBUA-F-428, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgado, Azores; from Ponta do Castelo, SE tip of Santa Maria I., Azores, Zanclean, coll. S. Ávila, 15 Sep 2006 (photo by S. Ávila). (M) NMB Po.6227, ex Mayer-Eymar collection; possible type material of Janthina hartungi Mayer, modelling clay impression from natural cast in rock, Ponta dos Matos, Santa Maria I., Azores, Zanclean.(N) GNS GS12289, E branch Greeks Creek,Arahura Valley, Westland, New Zealand, Waipipian (early Piacenzian). Scale bars 10 mm; upper bar applies to Figs 24A–C, lower bar applies to all other figures.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFD6FFFCCF08FD953867F8EC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7548729/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7548729	Figure 25.Specimens ofJanthina typica (Bronn).(A–C) GNS WM7656,Grange Burn Fm,Kalimnan (Zanclean),Muddy Creek,near Hamilton,Victoria,Australia; i.e., from type locality of Heligmope dennanti Tate.(D–F) copy of Mayer’s (1864: pl. 6, figs 41a–c) illustrations of Janthina hartungi, Santa Maria I., Azores, Zanclean; slightly enlarged from published size, H 19, D 22 mm (photos by D. L. Homer). (G, I–K, M) weakly sculptured specimen, MNHN IM.2000-27158, holotype of Eunaticina abyssalis Simone, Marion Dufresne cruise MD55 stn 45-CB79, 1500–1575 m, off Itaúnas, Espiritu Santo State, Brazil, SW Atlantic, probably Zanclean;G, SEM, apical 2.5 teleoconch whorls, showing outer calcitic layer removed; I–K, M, apertural,ventral,apical and posterior views.(H) GNS GS12164, fragment, Whenuataru Tuff (Waipipian, early Piacenzian), Tarawhenua Peninsula, Pitt I., Chatham Islands; oblique latero-dorsal view. (L) SAMA T1494A, lectotype designated here ofHeligmope dennanti Tate,Grange BurnFm, Kalimnan (Zanclean),Muddy Creek,near Hamilton,Victoria,Australia (photo by D. L. Homer).(N, Q, R, T) ULPGC LE20151–2, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands; largest two of six specimens from La Esfinge, Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Zanclean; N, R, LE20152; Q, T, LE20151, broken outer lip partially retained in sediment. (O, P, S) copies of Bronn’s (1861: pl. 19, figs 3a–d) illustrations of the holotype of Hartungia typica; Santa Maria I., Azores, Zanclean; at published size, H 18, D 22 mm (photos by D. L. Homer). Scale bars:Fig.25G = 500 µm; Figs 25D–F and 25O–P, S are copies of published figures, approx.natural size; lower scale bar, 10 mm,applies to all other figures.	Figure 25.Specimens ofJanthina typica (Bronn).(A–C) GNS WM7656,Grange Burn Fm,Kalimnan (Zanclean),Muddy Creek,near Hamilton,Victoria,Australia; i.e., from type locality of Heligmope dennanti Tate.(D–F) copy of Mayer’s (1864: pl. 6, figs 41a–c) illustrations of Janthina hartungi, Santa Maria I., Azores, Zanclean; slightly enlarged from published size, H 19, D 22 mm (photos by D. L. Homer). (G, I–K, M) weakly sculptured specimen, MNHN IM.2000-27158, holotype of Eunaticina abyssalis Simone, Marion Dufresne cruise MD55 stn 45-CB79, 1500–1575 m, off Itaúnas, Espiritu Santo State, Brazil, SW Atlantic, probably Zanclean;G, SEM, apical 2.5 teleoconch whorls, showing outer calcitic layer removed; I–K, M, apertural,ventral,apical and posterior views.(H) GNS GS12164, fragment, Whenuataru Tuff (Waipipian, early Piacenzian), Tarawhenua Peninsula, Pitt I., Chatham Islands; oblique latero-dorsal view. (L) SAMA T1494A, lectotype designated here ofHeligmope dennanti Tate,Grange BurnFm, Kalimnan (Zanclean),Muddy Creek,near Hamilton,Victoria,Australia (photo by D. L. Homer).(N, Q, R, T) ULPGC LE20151–2, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands; largest two of six specimens from La Esfinge, Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Zanclean; N, R, LE20152; Q, T, LE20151, broken outer lip partially retained in sediment. (O, P, S) copies of Bronn’s (1861: pl. 19, figs 3a–d) illustrations of the holotype of Hartungia typica; Santa Maria I., Azores, Zanclean; at published size, H 18, D 22 mm (photos by D. L. Homer). Scale bars:Fig.25G = 500 µm; Figs 25D–F and 25O–P, S are copies of published figures, approx.natural size; lower scale bar, 10 mm,applies to all other figures.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFCEFFF1CF6EFF3A3FF5FE99.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677071/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677071	Figure 26. Specimens of Janthina krejcii sp. nov., all from Miradouro de Macela, road descending from Almagreira to Praia, Santa Maria I., Azores, Zanclean. (A–B, D–E) holotype, SMF10135a; C, F, paratype, SMF10135c; G–H, paratype, SMF10135b; all from road cut opposite Miradouro de Macela, coll. K. Krejci-Graf. (I–N) 2 paratype moulds, GNS WM18973, sandstone in foundations of Miradouro de Macela. Scale bar 10 mm.	Figure 26. Specimens of Janthina krejcii sp. nov., all from Miradouro de Macela, road descending from Almagreira to Praia, Santa Maria I., Azores, Zanclean. (A–B, D–E) holotype, SMF10135a; C, F, paratype, SMF10135c; G–H, paratype, SMF10135b; all from road cut opposite Miradouro de Macela, coll. K. Krejci-Graf. (I–N) 2 paratype moulds, GNS WM18973, sandstone in foundations of Miradouro de Macela. Scale bar 10 mm.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFC0FFF4CED3FE303804F837.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677075/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677075	Figure 27. Specimens of Janthina chavani (Ludbrook); all from the type formation, Roe Calcarenite, late Piacenzian; Roe Plain, SE Western Australia.(A–H) GNS WM14468, 16 km W of Madura; I, NMV P322322, 88 km W of Eucla Motel. Scale bar 10 mm.	Figure 27. Specimens of Janthina chavani (Ludbrook); all from the type formation, Roe Calcarenite, late Piacenzian; Roe Plain, SE Western Australia.(A–H) GNS WM14468, 16 km W of Madura; I, NMV P322322, 88 km W of Eucla Motel. Scale bar 10 mm.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFC0FFF4CED3FE303804F837.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677077/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677077	Figure 28. Specimens ofJanthina chavani (Ludbrook).(A, D, G)holotype of Kaneconcha knorri Kaim, Tucholke & Warén, ZPAL Ga16/1, Institute of Paleobiology, Warsaw; Knorr dredge stn 180-2-26, 23°23'N 45°23'W, Kane Megamullion, mid-Atlantic ridge, 3293–2827 m, late Piacenzian (Institute of Paleobiology photos).(B, E, H)GNS TM4495,T22/f8506, Nukumaruan (Gelasian), road cut above Makohine Stream, 2 km S of Ohingaiti, Rangitikei Valley, New Zealand. (C, F, J) GNS WM14468, Roe Calcarenite, all data as for Figs 27A–H; basal, posterior and apical views of specimen in Fig. 27G. (I, K) GNS GS11225, incomplete specimen, Darkies Spur Fm, Nukumaruan (Gelasian), Darkies Spur Road, c. 30 km N of Napier, Hawke’s Bay, New Zealand. Scale bar 10 mm.	Figure 28. Specimens ofJanthina chavani (Ludbrook).(A, D, G)holotype of Kaneconcha knorri Kaim, Tucholke & Warén, ZPAL Ga16/1, Institute of Paleobiology, Warsaw; Knorr dredge stn 180-2-26, 23°23'N 45°23'W, Kane Megamullion, mid-Atlantic ridge, 3293–2827 m, late Piacenzian (Institute of Paleobiology photos).(B, E, H)GNS TM4495,T22/f8506, Nukumaruan (Gelasian), road cut above Makohine Stream, 2 km S of Ohingaiti, Rangitikei Valley, New Zealand. (C, F, J) GNS WM14468, Roe Calcarenite, all data as for Figs 27A–H; basal, posterior and apical views of specimen in Fig. 27G. (I, K) GNS GS11225, incomplete specimen, Darkies Spur Fm, Nukumaruan (Gelasian), Darkies Spur Road, c. 30 km N of Napier, Hawke’s Bay, New Zealand. Scale bar 10 mm.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFC0FFF4CED3FE303804F837.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7548731/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7548731	Figure 29. Scatter diagram comparing dimensions of the three extinct Plio-PleistoceneJanthina species.▲ Janthina chavani;  Janthina typica; ■ Janthina krejcii. Letters show positions of type specimens of synonyms: Cha – Hartungia dennanti chavani holotype; Cho – Acrybia (Hartungia) chouberti holotype;D –Heligmope dennanti lectotype;E – Eunaticina abyssalis holotype;J – Parajanthina japonica holotype; K – Kaneconcha knorri holotype; P – Turbo postulatus neotype; T – Hartungia typica neotype.	Figure 29. Scatter diagram comparing dimensions of the three extinct Plio-PleistoceneJanthina species.▲ Janthina chavani;  Janthina typica; ■ Janthina krejcii. Letters show positions of type specimens of synonyms: Cha – Hartungia dennanti chavani holotype; Cho – Acrybia (Hartungia) chouberti holotype;D –Heligmope dennanti lectotype;E – Eunaticina abyssalis holotype;J – Parajanthina japonica holotype; K – Kaneconcha knorri holotype; P – Turbo postulatus neotype; T – Hartungia typica neotype.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFC0FFF4CED3FE303804F837.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7548729/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7548729	Figure 25.Specimens ofJanthina typica (Bronn).(A–C) GNS WM7656,Grange Burn Fm,Kalimnan (Zanclean),Muddy Creek,near Hamilton,Victoria,Australia; i.e., from type locality of Heligmope dennanti Tate.(D–F) copy of Mayer’s (1864: pl. 6, figs 41a–c) illustrations of Janthina hartungi, Santa Maria I., Azores, Zanclean; slightly enlarged from published size, H 19, D 22 mm (photos by D. L. Homer). (G, I–K, M) weakly sculptured specimen, MNHN IM.2000-27158, holotype of Eunaticina abyssalis Simone, Marion Dufresne cruise MD55 stn 45-CB79, 1500–1575 m, off Itaúnas, Espiritu Santo State, Brazil, SW Atlantic, probably Zanclean;G, SEM, apical 2.5 teleoconch whorls, showing outer calcitic layer removed; I–K, M, apertural,ventral,apical and posterior views.(H) GNS GS12164, fragment, Whenuataru Tuff (Waipipian, early Piacenzian), Tarawhenua Peninsula, Pitt I., Chatham Islands; oblique latero-dorsal view. (L) SAMA T1494A, lectotype designated here ofHeligmope dennanti Tate,Grange BurnFm, Kalimnan (Zanclean),Muddy Creek,near Hamilton,Victoria,Australia (photo by D. L. Homer).(N, Q, R, T) ULPGC LE20151–2, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands; largest two of six specimens from La Esfinge, Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Zanclean; N, R, LE20152; Q, T, LE20151, broken outer lip partially retained in sediment. (O, P, S) copies of Bronn’s (1861: pl. 19, figs 3a–d) illustrations of the holotype of Hartungia typica; Santa Maria I., Azores, Zanclean; at published size, H 18, D 22 mm (photos by D. L. Homer). Scale bars:Fig.25G = 500 µm; Figs 25D–F and 25O–P, S are copies of published figures, approx.natural size; lower scale bar, 10 mm,applies to all other figures.	Figure 25.Specimens ofJanthina typica (Bronn).(A–C) GNS WM7656,Grange Burn Fm,Kalimnan (Zanclean),Muddy Creek,near Hamilton,Victoria,Australia; i.e., from type locality of Heligmope dennanti Tate.(D–F) copy of Mayer’s (1864: pl. 6, figs 41a–c) illustrations of Janthina hartungi, Santa Maria I., Azores, Zanclean; slightly enlarged from published size, H 19, D 22 mm (photos by D. L. Homer). (G, I–K, M) weakly sculptured specimen, MNHN IM.2000-27158, holotype of Eunaticina abyssalis Simone, Marion Dufresne cruise MD55 stn 45-CB79, 1500–1575 m, off Itaúnas, Espiritu Santo State, Brazil, SW Atlantic, probably Zanclean;G, SEM, apical 2.5 teleoconch whorls, showing outer calcitic layer removed; I–K, M, apertural,ventral,apical and posterior views.(H) GNS GS12164, fragment, Whenuataru Tuff (Waipipian, early Piacenzian), Tarawhenua Peninsula, Pitt I., Chatham Islands; oblique latero-dorsal view. (L) SAMA T1494A, lectotype designated here ofHeligmope dennanti Tate,Grange BurnFm, Kalimnan (Zanclean),Muddy Creek,near Hamilton,Victoria,Australia (photo by D. L. Homer).(N, Q, R, T) ULPGC LE20151–2, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands; largest two of six specimens from La Esfinge, Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Zanclean; N, R, LE20152; Q, T, LE20151, broken outer lip partially retained in sediment. (O, P, S) copies of Bronn’s (1861: pl. 19, figs 3a–d) illustrations of the holotype of Hartungia typica; Santa Maria I., Azores, Zanclean; at published size, H 18, D 22 mm (photos by D. L. Homer). Scale bars:Fig.25G = 500 µm; Figs 25D–F and 25O–P, S are copies of published figures, approx.natural size; lower scale bar, 10 mm,applies to all other figures.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFC6FF8BCF28FF3A3C57F859.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7551505/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7551505	Figure 2 (facing page 123). Shells of the five living species of Janthina and two species of Recluzia recognized in this work; apertural views, and left lateral views showing outer lip sinus.(A–F) Janthina janthina (Linnaeus);A–B, D, GNS RM4442, two specimens, beach, Takou Bay, Northland, New Zealand; C, GNS WM15986, “bicolor” form, San Lourenço Beach, Santa Maria I., Azores, Atlantic; E, GNS RM6735, “bicolor” form, Ohope Beach, Whakatane, New Zealand; F, GNS WM15297, beach between Hutchinson Bluff and Rayner Point, Raoul I., Kermadec Islands. (G–J) Janthina globosa (Swainson); G, GNS WM15254, beach, Mauritius, Indian Ocean; H–J, GNS RM5321, two specimens, Muriwai Beach, West Auckland, New Zealand. (K–L) Janthina pallida Thompson, GNS WM15256, beach, Windy Harbour, Cape D’Entrecasteaux, southern Western Australia.(M, O) Janthina exigua Lamarck, GNS RM5626, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (N, Q) Janthina umbilicata d’Orbigny, GNS RM5627, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (P, R) Recluzia johnii (Holten), GNS WM17360, ventral and dorsal views; trawled in sediment, 130–180 m, Swain Reefs, SE Queensland, Australia (shortest specimen, last entryin Table 12).(S–T) Recluzia lutea (Bennett), GNS RM6748,beach, Great Exhibition Bay,Northland, New Zealand (from same sample as Figs 36M–P). Scale bar 10 mm, applies to all figures.	Figure 2 (facing page 123). Shells of the five living species of Janthina and two species of Recluzia recognized in this work; apertural views, and left lateral views showing outer lip sinus.(A–F) Janthina janthina (Linnaeus);A–B, D, GNS RM4442, two specimens, beach, Takou Bay, Northland, New Zealand; C, GNS WM15986, “bicolor” form, San Lourenço Beach, Santa Maria I., Azores, Atlantic; E, GNS RM6735, “bicolor” form, Ohope Beach, Whakatane, New Zealand; F, GNS WM15297, beach between Hutchinson Bluff and Rayner Point, Raoul I., Kermadec Islands. (G–J) Janthina globosa (Swainson); G, GNS WM15254, beach, Mauritius, Indian Ocean; H–J, GNS RM5321, two specimens, Muriwai Beach, West Auckland, New Zealand. (K–L) Janthina pallida Thompson, GNS WM15256, beach, Windy Harbour, Cape D’Entrecasteaux, southern Western Australia.(M, O) Janthina exigua Lamarck, GNS RM5626, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (N, Q) Janthina umbilicata d’Orbigny, GNS RM5627, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (P, R) Recluzia johnii (Holten), GNS WM17360, ventral and dorsal views; trawled in sediment, 130–180 m, Swain Reefs, SE Queensland, Australia (shortest specimen, last entryin Table 12).(S–T) Recluzia lutea (Bennett), GNS RM6748,beach, Great Exhibition Bay,Northland, New Zealand (from same sample as Figs 36M–P). Scale bar 10 mm, applies to all figures.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFC6FF8BCF28FF3A3C57F859.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677079/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677079	Figure 30. Specimens of Janthina globosa (Swainson). (A–B) GNS RM5222, Waipu Cove, Northland, New Zealand, SEM; apical views of shell (A) and protoconch (B), showing smooth teleoconch surface, and protoconch inclined only weakly. (C–E) Monterosato’s type material, photos sent by M. Appolloni (MCZR) and M. Oliverio (University of Rome 1 “La Sapienza”); C, E, MCZR23423/1, lectotype designated here ofJanthina splendens Monterosato;Alexandria, Egypt; D, MCZR23414/1, lectotype designated here of Amethistina laeta Monterosato; Algeria. (F–G) ZMB41985a, lectotype designated here of Janthina patula Philippi, 1844, from Naples, Italy; photos sent by C. Zorn (ZMB). Scale bars:A, 3 mm; B, 200 µm; C–G, 10 mm (longer bar applies to C–E, shorter bar to F–G).	Figure 30. Specimens of Janthina globosa (Swainson). (A–B) GNS RM5222, Waipu Cove, Northland, New Zealand, SEM; apical views of shell (A) and protoconch (B), showing smooth teleoconch surface, and protoconch inclined only weakly. (C–E) Monterosato’s type material, photos sent by M. Appolloni (MCZR) and M. Oliverio (University of Rome 1 “La Sapienza”); C, E, MCZR23423/1, lectotype designated here ofJanthina splendens Monterosato;Alexandria, Egypt; D, MCZR23414/1, lectotype designated here of Amethistina laeta Monterosato; Algeria. (F–G) ZMB41985a, lectotype designated here of Janthina patula Philippi, 1844, from Naples, Italy; photos sent by C. Zorn (ZMB). Scale bars:A, 3 mm; B, 200 µm; C–G, 10 mm (longer bar applies to C–E, shorter bar to F–G).	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFC6FF8BCF28FF3A3C57F859.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677081/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677081	Figure 31. Janthina globosa (Swainson), Pliocene (Piacenzian– Gelasian), Bowden, Jamaica (USNM135575), specimen recorded by Woodring (1928: 405); basal fragment of last whorl showing sinus in growth lines (camera lucida drawing); greatest diameter 4.2 mm. Scale bar 1 mm.	Figure 31. Janthina globosa (Swainson), Pliocene (Piacenzian– Gelasian), Bowden, Jamaica (USNM135575), specimen recorded by Woodring (1928: 405); basal fragment of last whorl showing sinus in growth lines (camera lucida drawing); greatest diameter 4.2 mm. Scale bar 1 mm.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFC6FF8BCF28FF3A3C57F859.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677083/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677083	Figure 32. Specimens of Janthina janthina (Linnaeus). (A–D) GNS RM5844, Waikanae Beach, west Wellington, New Zealand; SEM, 2 specimens; apical views showing steeply inclined protoconch, slightly irregular teleoconch coiling, weak irregular spiral sculpture, and prominent axial riblets on early teleoconch whorls; B, protoconch of A enlarged; D, apex of protoconch of C enlarged. (E–F) NHMUK1854.12.4.399a,lectotype designated here ofJanthina orbignyi Mörch,“Atlantic Ocean”; largest of seven syntypes in d’Orbigny’s South American collection, illustrated by d’Orbigny (1841: 413, pl. 61, figs. 8–10); NHMUK photos sent by A. Salvador. Scale bars:A, C, 4 mm; B, 500 µm; D, 300 µm; E–F, 10 mm.	Figure 32. Specimens of Janthina janthina (Linnaeus). (A–D) GNS RM5844, Waikanae Beach, west Wellington, New Zealand; SEM, 2 specimens; apical views showing steeply inclined protoconch, slightly irregular teleoconch coiling, weak irregular spiral sculpture, and prominent axial riblets on early teleoconch whorls; B, protoconch of A enlarged; D, apex of protoconch of C enlarged. (E–F) NHMUK1854.12.4.399a,lectotype designated here ofJanthina orbignyi Mörch,“Atlantic Ocean”; largest of seven syntypes in d’Orbigny’s South American collection, illustrated by d’Orbigny (1841: 413, pl. 61, figs. 8–10); NHMUK photos sent by A. Salvador. Scale bars:A, C, 4 mm; B, 500 µm; D, 300 µm; E–F, 10 mm.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFC6FF8BCF28FF3A3C57F859.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677022/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677022	Figure 5. (See facing page 131 for caption).	Figure 5. (See facing page 131 for caption).	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFBAFF81CDB5FF3A3F8BF97C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677012/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677012	Figure 1. Living specimens of Janthina janthina (Linnaeus) in life position in an aquarium, suspended beneath their floats, redrawn from photographs in Wilson & Wilson (1956: pl. 1, figs 1–2) and Yonge & Thomson (1976: pl. 5, lower); bubbles in float shown schematically. (A) left (anatomically right) lateral view, showing float, attached to mesopodium and located against propodium (at left end of float); partially extended snout; black-tipped right cephalic tentacle, not fully visible here; smooth, almost circular right epipodium (centre); digitateposterior edge of left epipodium, at rear between shelland mesopodium; and rear end of float disintegrating.(B) dorsal(anatomically ventral) view of another specimen forming a new float bubble, showing odontophore and radula partly everted out of mouth at tip of snout; black-tipped, forked cephalic tentacles; cupped propodium with black lining, in process of enclosing an air bubble; shell (right edge); and epipodium (left edge; anatomically on right). Scale bar 10 mm.	Figure 1. Living specimens of Janthina janthina (Linnaeus) in life position in an aquarium, suspended beneath their floats, redrawn from photographs in Wilson & Wilson (1956: pl. 1, figs 1–2) and Yonge & Thomson (1976: pl. 5, lower); bubbles in float shown schematically. (A) left (anatomically right) lateral view, showing float, attached to mesopodium and located against propodium (at left end of float); partially extended snout; black-tipped right cephalic tentacle, not fully visible here; smooth, almost circular right epipodium (centre); digitateposterior edge of left epipodium, at rear between shelland mesopodium; and rear end of float disintegrating.(B) dorsal(anatomically ventral) view of another specimen forming a new float bubble, showing odontophore and radula partly everted out of mouth at tip of snout; black-tipped, forked cephalic tentacles; cupped propodium with black lining, in process of enclosing an air bubble; shell (right edge); and epipodium (left edge; anatomically on right). Scale bar 10 mm.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFBAFF81CDB5FF3A3F8BF97C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7551505/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7551505	Figure 2 (facing page 123). Shells of the five living species of Janthina and two species of Recluzia recognized in this work; apertural views, and left lateral views showing outer lip sinus.(A–F) Janthina janthina (Linnaeus);A–B, D, GNS RM4442, two specimens, beach, Takou Bay, Northland, New Zealand; C, GNS WM15986, “bicolor” form, San Lourenço Beach, Santa Maria I., Azores, Atlantic; E, GNS RM6735, “bicolor” form, Ohope Beach, Whakatane, New Zealand; F, GNS WM15297, beach between Hutchinson Bluff and Rayner Point, Raoul I., Kermadec Islands. (G–J) Janthina globosa (Swainson); G, GNS WM15254, beach, Mauritius, Indian Ocean; H–J, GNS RM5321, two specimens, Muriwai Beach, West Auckland, New Zealand. (K–L) Janthina pallida Thompson, GNS WM15256, beach, Windy Harbour, Cape D’Entrecasteaux, southern Western Australia.(M, O) Janthina exigua Lamarck, GNS RM5626, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (N, Q) Janthina umbilicata d’Orbigny, GNS RM5627, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (P, R) Recluzia johnii (Holten), GNS WM17360, ventral and dorsal views; trawled in sediment, 130–180 m, Swain Reefs, SE Queensland, Australia (shortest specimen, last entryin Table 12).(S–T) Recluzia lutea (Bennett), GNS RM6748,beach, Great Exhibition Bay,Northland, New Zealand (from same sample as Figs 36M–P). Scale bar 10 mm, applies to all figures.	Figure 2 (facing page 123). Shells of the five living species of Janthina and two species of Recluzia recognized in this work; apertural views, and left lateral views showing outer lip sinus.(A–F) Janthina janthina (Linnaeus);A–B, D, GNS RM4442, two specimens, beach, Takou Bay, Northland, New Zealand; C, GNS WM15986, “bicolor” form, San Lourenço Beach, Santa Maria I., Azores, Atlantic; E, GNS RM6735, “bicolor” form, Ohope Beach, Whakatane, New Zealand; F, GNS WM15297, beach between Hutchinson Bluff and Rayner Point, Raoul I., Kermadec Islands. (G–J) Janthina globosa (Swainson); G, GNS WM15254, beach, Mauritius, Indian Ocean; H–J, GNS RM5321, two specimens, Muriwai Beach, West Auckland, New Zealand. (K–L) Janthina pallida Thompson, GNS WM15256, beach, Windy Harbour, Cape D’Entrecasteaux, southern Western Australia.(M, O) Janthina exigua Lamarck, GNS RM5626, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (N, Q) Janthina umbilicata d’Orbigny, GNS RM5627, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (P, R) Recluzia johnii (Holten), GNS WM17360, ventral and dorsal views; trawled in sediment, 130–180 m, Swain Reefs, SE Queensland, Australia (shortest specimen, last entryin Table 12).(S–T) Recluzia lutea (Bennett), GNS RM6748,beach, Great Exhibition Bay,Northland, New Zealand (from same sample as Figs 36M–P). Scale bar 10 mm, applies to all figures.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFBAFF81CDB5FF3A3F8BF97C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7551507/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7551507	Figure 4 (facing page 129). Living animals in aquaria. (A) Janthina janthina (Linnaeus) (centre) and J. pallida Thomson (left, and part of another float at right) together, showing different bubble sizes in floats, and J. janthina feeding on pink eggs of J. pallida beneath float; collected at Arina Beach, Heraklion, Crete. (B) Janthina janthina, collected on beach in northern New South Wales, Australia, clearly showing forked cephalic tentacles;(C–E) Janthina janthina, all data as for Fig.4A; C, showing forked cephalic tentacles, lack of eyes, and teeth and odontophore protruding from mouth at end of extended snout; D–E, showing extended head and snout, odontophore visible in mouth, and partially expanded right epipodium lying over shell (A, C–E, reproduced with permission of Dimitris Poursanidis, Heraklion, Crete; B, reproduced with permission of Denis Riek, Brunswick Heads, New South Wales). Scale bars 10 mm.	Figure 4 (facing page 129). Living animals in aquaria. (A) Janthina janthina (Linnaeus) (centre) and J. pallida Thomson (left, and part of another float at right) together, showing different bubble sizes in floats, and J. janthina feeding on pink eggs of J. pallida beneath float; collected at Arina Beach, Heraklion, Crete. (B) Janthina janthina, collected on beach in northern New South Wales, Australia, clearly showing forked cephalic tentacles;(C–E) Janthina janthina, all data as for Fig.4A; C, showing forked cephalic tentacles, lack of eyes, and teeth and odontophore protruding from mouth at end of extended snout; D–E, showing extended head and snout, odontophore visible in mouth, and partially expanded right epipodium lying over shell (A, C–E, reproduced with permission of Dimitris Poursanidis, Heraklion, Crete; B, reproduced with permission of Denis Riek, Brunswick Heads, New South Wales). Scale bars 10 mm.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFBAFF81CDB5FF3A3F8BF97C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677022/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677022	Figure 5. (See facing page 131 for caption).	Figure 5. (See facing page 131 for caption).	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFBAFF81CDB5FF3A3F8BF97C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677083/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677083	Figure 32. Specimens of Janthina janthina (Linnaeus). (A–D) GNS RM5844, Waikanae Beach, west Wellington, New Zealand; SEM, 2 specimens; apical views showing steeply inclined protoconch, slightly irregular teleoconch coiling, weak irregular spiral sculpture, and prominent axial riblets on early teleoconch whorls; B, protoconch of A enlarged; D, apex of protoconch of C enlarged. (E–F) NHMUK1854.12.4.399a,lectotype designated here ofJanthina orbignyi Mörch,“Atlantic Ocean”; largest of seven syntypes in d’Orbigny’s South American collection, illustrated by d’Orbigny (1841: 413, pl. 61, figs. 8–10); NHMUK photos sent by A. Salvador. Scale bars:A, C, 4 mm; B, 500 µm; D, 300 µm; E–F, 10 mm.	Figure 32. Specimens of Janthina janthina (Linnaeus). (A–D) GNS RM5844, Waikanae Beach, west Wellington, New Zealand; SEM, 2 specimens; apical views showing steeply inclined protoconch, slightly irregular teleoconch coiling, weak irregular spiral sculpture, and prominent axial riblets on early teleoconch whorls; B, protoconch of A enlarged; D, apex of protoconch of C enlarged. (E–F) NHMUK1854.12.4.399a,lectotype designated here ofJanthina orbignyi Mörch,“Atlantic Ocean”; largest of seven syntypes in d’Orbigny’s South American collection, illustrated by d’Orbigny (1841: 413, pl. 61, figs. 8–10); NHMUK photos sent by A. Salvador. Scale bars:A, C, 4 mm; B, 500 µm; D, 300 µm; E–F, 10 mm.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFBAFF81CDB5FF3A3F8BF97C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677085/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677085	Figure 33. Janthina janthina (Linnaeus), range of variation in shell shape; copy at published size of Laursen (1953: fig. 15); numbers on figure as published by Laursen.Fig. 33.3, lectotype designated here of Helix janthina Linnaeus, 1758; Figs 33.7, 33.12, paralectotypes of Helix janthina; all three in collection of Linnean Society of London. Original scale bar included = 20 mm (i.e., figures reduced slightly).	Figure 33. Janthina janthina (Linnaeus), range of variation in shell shape; copy at published size of Laursen (1953: fig. 15); numbers on figure as published by Laursen.Fig. 33.3, lectotype designated here of Helix janthina Linnaeus, 1758; Figs 33.7, 33.12, paralectotypes of Helix janthina; all three in collection of Linnean Society of London. Original scale bar included = 20 mm (i.e., figures reduced slightly).	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFB0FF82CD9CFF3A39C0FBC6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7551505/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7551505	Figure 2 (facing page 123). Shells of the five living species of Janthina and two species of Recluzia recognized in this work; apertural views, and left lateral views showing outer lip sinus.(A–F) Janthina janthina (Linnaeus);A–B, D, GNS RM4442, two specimens, beach, Takou Bay, Northland, New Zealand; C, GNS WM15986, “bicolor” form, San Lourenço Beach, Santa Maria I., Azores, Atlantic; E, GNS RM6735, “bicolor” form, Ohope Beach, Whakatane, New Zealand; F, GNS WM15297, beach between Hutchinson Bluff and Rayner Point, Raoul I., Kermadec Islands. (G–J) Janthina globosa (Swainson); G, GNS WM15254, beach, Mauritius, Indian Ocean; H–J, GNS RM5321, two specimens, Muriwai Beach, West Auckland, New Zealand. (K–L) Janthina pallida Thompson, GNS WM15256, beach, Windy Harbour, Cape D’Entrecasteaux, southern Western Australia.(M, O) Janthina exigua Lamarck, GNS RM5626, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (N, Q) Janthina umbilicata d’Orbigny, GNS RM5627, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (P, R) Recluzia johnii (Holten), GNS WM17360, ventral and dorsal views; trawled in sediment, 130–180 m, Swain Reefs, SE Queensland, Australia (shortest specimen, last entryin Table 12).(S–T) Recluzia lutea (Bennett), GNS RM6748,beach, Great Exhibition Bay,Northland, New Zealand (from same sample as Figs 36M–P). Scale bar 10 mm, applies to all figures.	Figure 2 (facing page 123). Shells of the five living species of Janthina and two species of Recluzia recognized in this work; apertural views, and left lateral views showing outer lip sinus.(A–F) Janthina janthina (Linnaeus);A–B, D, GNS RM4442, two specimens, beach, Takou Bay, Northland, New Zealand; C, GNS WM15986, “bicolor” form, San Lourenço Beach, Santa Maria I., Azores, Atlantic; E, GNS RM6735, “bicolor” form, Ohope Beach, Whakatane, New Zealand; F, GNS WM15297, beach between Hutchinson Bluff and Rayner Point, Raoul I., Kermadec Islands. (G–J) Janthina globosa (Swainson); G, GNS WM15254, beach, Mauritius, Indian Ocean; H–J, GNS RM5321, two specimens, Muriwai Beach, West Auckland, New Zealand. (K–L) Janthina pallida Thompson, GNS WM15256, beach, Windy Harbour, Cape D’Entrecasteaux, southern Western Australia.(M, O) Janthina exigua Lamarck, GNS RM5626, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (N, Q) Janthina umbilicata d’Orbigny, GNS RM5627, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (P, R) Recluzia johnii (Holten), GNS WM17360, ventral and dorsal views; trawled in sediment, 130–180 m, Swain Reefs, SE Queensland, Australia (shortest specimen, last entryin Table 12).(S–T) Recluzia lutea (Bennett), GNS RM6748,beach, Great Exhibition Bay,Northland, New Zealand (from same sample as Figs 36M–P). Scale bar 10 mm, applies to all figures.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFB0FF82CD9CFF3A39C0FBC6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677087/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677087	Figure 34. Specimens ofJanthina exigua Lamarck andJanthina umbilicata d’Orbigny; SEM.(A–C, E–F) Janthina exigua, 2 specimens, GNS RM5852, Waikanae Beach, west Wellington, New Zealand;A, whole shell; B, sculpture on last whorl at apex of outer lip sinus; C, lateral view of protoconch; E, F, apical views of whole shell and protoconch. (D, G–H) Janthina umbilicata, GNS RM5312, Piha Beach, westAuckland, New Zealand; D, sculpture on last whorl at apex of outer lip sinus, to same scale as Fig. 34B; G–H, lateral views of whole shell and protoconch. Scale bars: A, E, G, 2 mm; B, D, 500 µm; C, H, 200 µm; F, 300 µm.	Figure 34. Specimens ofJanthina exigua Lamarck andJanthina umbilicata d’Orbigny; SEM.(A–C, E–F) Janthina exigua, 2 specimens, GNS RM5852, Waikanae Beach, west Wellington, New Zealand;A, whole shell; B, sculpture on last whorl at apex of outer lip sinus; C, lateral view of protoconch; E, F, apical views of whole shell and protoconch. (D, G–H) Janthina umbilicata, GNS RM5312, Piha Beach, westAuckland, New Zealand; D, sculpture on last whorl at apex of outer lip sinus, to same scale as Fig. 34B; G–H, lateral views of whole shell and protoconch. Scale bars: A, E, G, 2 mm; B, D, 500 µm; C, H, 200 µm; F, 300 µm.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFB0FF82CD9CFF3A39C0FBC6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677022/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677022	Figure 5. (See facing page 131 for caption).	Figure 5. (See facing page 131 for caption).	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFB3FF84CD54FBD63F23F83C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7551505/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7551505	Figure 2 (facing page 123). Shells of the five living species of Janthina and two species of Recluzia recognized in this work; apertural views, and left lateral views showing outer lip sinus.(A–F) Janthina janthina (Linnaeus);A–B, D, GNS RM4442, two specimens, beach, Takou Bay, Northland, New Zealand; C, GNS WM15986, “bicolor” form, San Lourenço Beach, Santa Maria I., Azores, Atlantic; E, GNS RM6735, “bicolor” form, Ohope Beach, Whakatane, New Zealand; F, GNS WM15297, beach between Hutchinson Bluff and Rayner Point, Raoul I., Kermadec Islands. (G–J) Janthina globosa (Swainson); G, GNS WM15254, beach, Mauritius, Indian Ocean; H–J, GNS RM5321, two specimens, Muriwai Beach, West Auckland, New Zealand. (K–L) Janthina pallida Thompson, GNS WM15256, beach, Windy Harbour, Cape D’Entrecasteaux, southern Western Australia.(M, O) Janthina exigua Lamarck, GNS RM5626, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (N, Q) Janthina umbilicata d’Orbigny, GNS RM5627, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (P, R) Recluzia johnii (Holten), GNS WM17360, ventral and dorsal views; trawled in sediment, 130–180 m, Swain Reefs, SE Queensland, Australia (shortest specimen, last entryin Table 12).(S–T) Recluzia lutea (Bennett), GNS RM6748,beach, Great Exhibition Bay,Northland, New Zealand (from same sample as Figs 36M–P). Scale bar 10 mm, applies to all figures.	Figure 2 (facing page 123). Shells of the five living species of Janthina and two species of Recluzia recognized in this work; apertural views, and left lateral views showing outer lip sinus.(A–F) Janthina janthina (Linnaeus);A–B, D, GNS RM4442, two specimens, beach, Takou Bay, Northland, New Zealand; C, GNS WM15986, “bicolor” form, San Lourenço Beach, Santa Maria I., Azores, Atlantic; E, GNS RM6735, “bicolor” form, Ohope Beach, Whakatane, New Zealand; F, GNS WM15297, beach between Hutchinson Bluff and Rayner Point, Raoul I., Kermadec Islands. (G–J) Janthina globosa (Swainson); G, GNS WM15254, beach, Mauritius, Indian Ocean; H–J, GNS RM5321, two specimens, Muriwai Beach, West Auckland, New Zealand. (K–L) Janthina pallida Thompson, GNS WM15256, beach, Windy Harbour, Cape D’Entrecasteaux, southern Western Australia.(M, O) Janthina exigua Lamarck, GNS RM5626, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (N, Q) Janthina umbilicata d’Orbigny, GNS RM5627, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (P, R) Recluzia johnii (Holten), GNS WM17360, ventral and dorsal views; trawled in sediment, 130–180 m, Swain Reefs, SE Queensland, Australia (shortest specimen, last entryin Table 12).(S–T) Recluzia lutea (Bennett), GNS RM6748,beach, Great Exhibition Bay,Northland, New Zealand (from same sample as Figs 36M–P). Scale bar 10 mm, applies to all figures.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFB3FF84CD54FBD63F23F83C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677022/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677022	Figure 5. (See facing page 131 for caption).	Figure 5. (See facing page 131 for caption).	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFB3FF84CD54FBD63F23F83C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7551507/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7551507	Figure 4 (facing page 129). Living animals in aquaria. (A) Janthina janthina (Linnaeus) (centre) and J. pallida Thomson (left, and part of another float at right) together, showing different bubble sizes in floats, and J. janthina feeding on pink eggs of J. pallida beneath float; collected at Arina Beach, Heraklion, Crete. (B) Janthina janthina, collected on beach in northern New South Wales, Australia, clearly showing forked cephalic tentacles;(C–E) Janthina janthina, all data as for Fig.4A; C, showing forked cephalic tentacles, lack of eyes, and teeth and odontophore protruding from mouth at end of extended snout; D–E, showing extended head and snout, odontophore visible in mouth, and partially expanded right epipodium lying over shell (A, C–E, reproduced with permission of Dimitris Poursanidis, Heraklion, Crete; B, reproduced with permission of Denis Riek, Brunswick Heads, New South Wales). Scale bars 10 mm.	Figure 4 (facing page 129). Living animals in aquaria. (A) Janthina janthina (Linnaeus) (centre) and J. pallida Thomson (left, and part of another float at right) together, showing different bubble sizes in floats, and J. janthina feeding on pink eggs of J. pallida beneath float; collected at Arina Beach, Heraklion, Crete. (B) Janthina janthina, collected on beach in northern New South Wales, Australia, clearly showing forked cephalic tentacles;(C–E) Janthina janthina, all data as for Fig.4A; C, showing forked cephalic tentacles, lack of eyes, and teeth and odontophore protruding from mouth at end of extended snout; D–E, showing extended head and snout, odontophore visible in mouth, and partially expanded right epipodium lying over shell (A, C–E, reproduced with permission of Dimitris Poursanidis, Heraklion, Crete; B, reproduced with permission of Denis Riek, Brunswick Heads, New South Wales). Scale bars 10 mm.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFB5FF87CD4DFF3A3815F844.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7551505/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7551505	Figure 2 (facing page 123). Shells of the five living species of Janthina and two species of Recluzia recognized in this work; apertural views, and left lateral views showing outer lip sinus.(A–F) Janthina janthina (Linnaeus);A–B, D, GNS RM4442, two specimens, beach, Takou Bay, Northland, New Zealand; C, GNS WM15986, “bicolor” form, San Lourenço Beach, Santa Maria I., Azores, Atlantic; E, GNS RM6735, “bicolor” form, Ohope Beach, Whakatane, New Zealand; F, GNS WM15297, beach between Hutchinson Bluff and Rayner Point, Raoul I., Kermadec Islands. (G–J) Janthina globosa (Swainson); G, GNS WM15254, beach, Mauritius, Indian Ocean; H–J, GNS RM5321, two specimens, Muriwai Beach, West Auckland, New Zealand. (K–L) Janthina pallida Thompson, GNS WM15256, beach, Windy Harbour, Cape D’Entrecasteaux, southern Western Australia.(M, O) Janthina exigua Lamarck, GNS RM5626, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (N, Q) Janthina umbilicata d’Orbigny, GNS RM5627, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (P, R) Recluzia johnii (Holten), GNS WM17360, ventral and dorsal views; trawled in sediment, 130–180 m, Swain Reefs, SE Queensland, Australia (shortest specimen, last entryin Table 12).(S–T) Recluzia lutea (Bennett), GNS RM6748,beach, Great Exhibition Bay,Northland, New Zealand (from same sample as Figs 36M–P). Scale bar 10 mm, applies to all figures.	Figure 2 (facing page 123). Shells of the five living species of Janthina and two species of Recluzia recognized in this work; apertural views, and left lateral views showing outer lip sinus.(A–F) Janthina janthina (Linnaeus);A–B, D, GNS RM4442, two specimens, beach, Takou Bay, Northland, New Zealand; C, GNS WM15986, “bicolor” form, San Lourenço Beach, Santa Maria I., Azores, Atlantic; E, GNS RM6735, “bicolor” form, Ohope Beach, Whakatane, New Zealand; F, GNS WM15297, beach between Hutchinson Bluff and Rayner Point, Raoul I., Kermadec Islands. (G–J) Janthina globosa (Swainson); G, GNS WM15254, beach, Mauritius, Indian Ocean; H–J, GNS RM5321, two specimens, Muriwai Beach, West Auckland, New Zealand. (K–L) Janthina pallida Thompson, GNS WM15256, beach, Windy Harbour, Cape D’Entrecasteaux, southern Western Australia.(M, O) Janthina exigua Lamarck, GNS RM5626, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (N, Q) Janthina umbilicata d’Orbigny, GNS RM5627, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (P, R) Recluzia johnii (Holten), GNS WM17360, ventral and dorsal views; trawled in sediment, 130–180 m, Swain Reefs, SE Queensland, Australia (shortest specimen, last entryin Table 12).(S–T) Recluzia lutea (Bennett), GNS RM6748,beach, Great Exhibition Bay,Northland, New Zealand (from same sample as Figs 36M–P). Scale bar 10 mm, applies to all figures.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFB5FF87CD4DFF3A3815F844.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677087/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677087	Figure 34. Specimens ofJanthina exigua Lamarck andJanthina umbilicata d’Orbigny; SEM.(A–C, E–F) Janthina exigua, 2 specimens, GNS RM5852, Waikanae Beach, west Wellington, New Zealand;A, whole shell; B, sculpture on last whorl at apex of outer lip sinus; C, lateral view of protoconch; E, F, apical views of whole shell and protoconch. (D, G–H) Janthina umbilicata, GNS RM5312, Piha Beach, westAuckland, New Zealand; D, sculpture on last whorl at apex of outer lip sinus, to same scale as Fig. 34B; G–H, lateral views of whole shell and protoconch. Scale bars: A, E, G, 2 mm; B, D, 500 µm; C, H, 200 µm; F, 300 µm.	Figure 34. Specimens ofJanthina exigua Lamarck andJanthina umbilicata d’Orbigny; SEM.(A–C, E–F) Janthina exigua, 2 specimens, GNS RM5852, Waikanae Beach, west Wellington, New Zealand;A, whole shell; B, sculpture on last whorl at apex of outer lip sinus; C, lateral view of protoconch; E, F, apical views of whole shell and protoconch. (D, G–H) Janthina umbilicata, GNS RM5312, Piha Beach, westAuckland, New Zealand; D, sculpture on last whorl at apex of outer lip sinus, to same scale as Fig. 34B; G–H, lateral views of whole shell and protoconch. Scale bars: A, E, G, 2 mm; B, D, 500 µm; C, H, 200 µm; F, 300 µm.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFB5FF87CD4DFF3A3815F844.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677022/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677022	Figure 5. (See facing page 131 for caption).	Figure 5. (See facing page 131 for caption).	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFB7FF98CE81FF3B3876F816.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677093/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677093	Figure 37.Recluzia lutea (Bennett), NMNZ M081518, small specimens and larval shells; beach, Taupiri Bay, Northland, New Zealand; SEM. (A–B) apical views of shell and protoconch. (C–D, G) apertural view of incomplete specimen with 10 larval shells attached to dried float material; C, lateral view of protoconch of large specimen; D, whole shell; G, larval shell attached by dried float material to large specimen below its protoconch. (E–F) third specimen, lateral views of shell and protoconch. Scale bars: A, D, E, 1 mm; B, F, 200 µm; C, G, 300 µm.	Figure 37.Recluzia lutea (Bennett), NMNZ M081518, small specimens and larval shells; beach, Taupiri Bay, Northland, New Zealand; SEM. (A–B) apical views of shell and protoconch. (C–D, G) apertural view of incomplete specimen with 10 larval shells attached to dried float material; C, lateral view of protoconch of large specimen; D, whole shell; G, larval shell attached by dried float material to large specimen below its protoconch. (E–F) third specimen, lateral views of shell and protoconch. Scale bars: A, D, E, 1 mm; B, F, 200 µm; C, G, 300 µm.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFB7FF98CE81FF3B3876F816.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677026/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677026	Figure 6. Recluzia lutea (Bennett), living animals in aquaria. (A–B) two views of same specimen, showing irregular float bubbles, and egg capsules beneath float; collected at Minnie Waters, near Lismore, New South Wales (reproduced with permission of Anthony Healy, Sydney). (C) specimen collected on beach in northern New South Wales, showing relatively large juvenile, presumably male specimen (arrowed) on foot of large female specimen, beneath female’s float; located against blue Physalia specimen at right (reproduced with permission of Denis Riek, Brunswick Heads, New South Wales). Scale bar 10 mm, applies to all images.	Figure 6. Recluzia lutea (Bennett), living animals in aquaria. (A–B) two views of same specimen, showing irregular float bubbles, and egg capsules beneath float; collected at Minnie Waters, near Lismore, New South Wales (reproduced with permission of Anthony Healy, Sydney). (C) specimen collected on beach in northern New South Wales, showing relatively large juvenile, presumably male specimen (arrowed) on foot of large female specimen, beneath female’s float; located against blue Physalia specimen at right (reproduced with permission of Denis Riek, Brunswick Heads, New South Wales). Scale bar 10 mm, applies to all images.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFB7FF98CE81FF3B3876F816.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677028/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677028	Figure 7. Recluzia johnii (Holten), two living animals in aquaria, collected on beach in northern New South Wales; specimens reflected on under-surface of water at top of images. (A–B) two views of the same two animals feeding on an Actinecta anemone (at upper right in Fig. 7A), showing similar characters to R. lutea, but taller shell and longer (more expanded?) cephalic tentacles; in Fig. 7B, anemone has been consumed (reproduced with permission of Denis Riek, Brunswick Heads, NSW). Scale bars 10 mm.	Figure 7. Recluzia johnii (Holten), two living animals in aquaria, collected on beach in northern New South Wales; specimens reflected on under-surface of water at top of images. (A–B) two views of the same two animals feeding on an Actinecta anemone (at upper right in Fig. 7A), showing similar characters to R. lutea, but taller shell and longer (more expanded?) cephalic tentacles; in Fig. 7B, anemone has been consumed (reproduced with permission of Denis Riek, Brunswick Heads, NSW). Scale bars 10 mm.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFB7FF98CE81FF3B3876F816.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7548733/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7548733	Figure 36. Putative fossil Recluzia, and specimens of Recluzia johnii (Holten) and Recluzia lutea (Bennett). (A, C) unidentified Epitoniidae formerly identified as Recluzia sp., NMB locality 17516, Casa Cantaure, Paraguana Peninsula, Venezuela; Cantaure Fm, Burdigalian (late early Miocene); SEM. (B, D) MNHN, Jousseaume collection, unlocalized specimen referred toRecluzia johnii (photos by E. Strong).(E, H) Recluzia lutea, USNM56411, holotype of Lymnaea palmeri Dall, Taqui River delta, head of Gulf of Mexico, eastern Pacific (photos by E. Strong). (F–G) Recluzia lutea, MNHN IM.25667, syntype of Recluzia jehennei Petit de la Saussaye and neotype designated here of Recluzia lutea Bennett, of Janthina turrita Philippi and of Recluzia rollandiana Petit de la Saussaye; Gulf ofArabia (MNHN photos).(I–J) Recluzia johnii, NHMUK197432, holotype of Recluzia hargravesi Cox and neotype designated here ofHelix johnii Holten; Port Stephens, New South Wales,Australia (photos by E. Strong).(K–L) Recluzia lutea, MNHN IM.25668, one of two syntypes of Recluzia annamitica Wattebled; Thuan-an, Hué, Vietnam (MNHN photos). (M–P) Recluzia lutea, range of shape of large specimens in one collection; Great Exhibition Bay, northern North Island, New Zealand, Mar 1998; in collection of P. Poortman (Auckland) (specimen in Fig. 2S–T is from the same sample). Scale bars:A, 1 mm; C, 300 µm; uppermost bar, 10 mm, applies to all other figures	Figure 36. Putative fossil Recluzia, and specimens of Recluzia johnii (Holten) and Recluzia lutea (Bennett). (A, C) unidentified Epitoniidae formerly identified as Recluzia sp., NMB locality 17516, Casa Cantaure, Paraguana Peninsula, Venezuela; Cantaure Fm, Burdigalian (late early Miocene); SEM. (B, D) MNHN, Jousseaume collection, unlocalized specimen referred toRecluzia johnii (photos by E. Strong).(E, H) Recluzia lutea, USNM56411, holotype of Lymnaea palmeri Dall, Taqui River delta, head of Gulf of Mexico, eastern Pacific (photos by E. Strong). (F–G) Recluzia lutea, MNHN IM.25667, syntype of Recluzia jehennei Petit de la Saussaye and neotype designated here of Recluzia lutea Bennett, of Janthina turrita Philippi and of Recluzia rollandiana Petit de la Saussaye; Gulf ofArabia (MNHN photos).(I–J) Recluzia johnii, NHMUK197432, holotype of Recluzia hargravesi Cox and neotype designated here ofHelix johnii Holten; Port Stephens, New South Wales,Australia (photos by E. Strong).(K–L) Recluzia lutea, MNHN IM.25668, one of two syntypes of Recluzia annamitica Wattebled; Thuan-an, Hué, Vietnam (MNHN photos). (M–P) Recluzia lutea, range of shape of large specimens in one collection; Great Exhibition Bay, northern North Island, New Zealand, Mar 1998; in collection of P. Poortman (Auckland) (specimen in Fig. 2S–T is from the same sample). Scale bars:A, 1 mm; C, 300 µm; uppermost bar, 10 mm, applies to all other figures	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFB7FF98CE81FF3B3876F816.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677091/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677091	Figure 35. Scatter diagram comparing dimensions of Recluzia species. (A) diameter compared with height; (B) diameter compared with spire height. ▲ Recluzia lutea (Table 13);  Recluzia johnii (Table 12, including Jousseaume’s specimen of Recluzia johnii, MNHN). Letters show positions of type specimens of synonyms:A — Recluzia annamitica syntype; B — Recluzia bensoni holotype; E — Recluzia erythraea holotype; G — Recluzia globosa holotype; H — Recluzia hargravesi holotype (neotype of Recluzia johnii); Je — Recluzia jehennei syntype (neotype of Janthina lutea); JJ — Recluzia johnii, Jousseaume’s specimen; M — Recluzia montrouzieri syntype; R — Recluzia rollandiana syntype (from Petit de la Saussaye, 1853); T — Janthina turrita syntype.	Figure 35. Scatter diagram comparing dimensions of Recluzia species. (A) diameter compared with height; (B) diameter compared with spire height. ▲ Recluzia lutea (Table 13);  Recluzia johnii (Table 12, including Jousseaume’s specimen of Recluzia johnii, MNHN). Letters show positions of type specimens of synonyms:A — Recluzia annamitica syntype; B — Recluzia bensoni holotype; E — Recluzia erythraea holotype; G — Recluzia globosa holotype; H — Recluzia hargravesi holotype (neotype of Recluzia johnii); Je — Recluzia jehennei syntype (neotype of Janthina lutea); JJ — Recluzia johnii, Jousseaume’s specimen; M — Recluzia montrouzieri syntype; R — Recluzia rollandiana syntype (from Petit de la Saussaye, 1853); T — Janthina turrita syntype.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFAAFF9DCF37FF3A3957FD72.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7551505/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7551505	Figure 2 (facing page 123). Shells of the five living species of Janthina and two species of Recluzia recognized in this work; apertural views, and left lateral views showing outer lip sinus.(A–F) Janthina janthina (Linnaeus);A–B, D, GNS RM4442, two specimens, beach, Takou Bay, Northland, New Zealand; C, GNS WM15986, “bicolor” form, San Lourenço Beach, Santa Maria I., Azores, Atlantic; E, GNS RM6735, “bicolor” form, Ohope Beach, Whakatane, New Zealand; F, GNS WM15297, beach between Hutchinson Bluff and Rayner Point, Raoul I., Kermadec Islands. (G–J) Janthina globosa (Swainson); G, GNS WM15254, beach, Mauritius, Indian Ocean; H–J, GNS RM5321, two specimens, Muriwai Beach, West Auckland, New Zealand. (K–L) Janthina pallida Thompson, GNS WM15256, beach, Windy Harbour, Cape D’Entrecasteaux, southern Western Australia.(M, O) Janthina exigua Lamarck, GNS RM5626, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (N, Q) Janthina umbilicata d’Orbigny, GNS RM5627, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (P, R) Recluzia johnii (Holten), GNS WM17360, ventral and dorsal views; trawled in sediment, 130–180 m, Swain Reefs, SE Queensland, Australia (shortest specimen, last entryin Table 12).(S–T) Recluzia lutea (Bennett), GNS RM6748,beach, Great Exhibition Bay,Northland, New Zealand (from same sample as Figs 36M–P). Scale bar 10 mm, applies to all figures.	Figure 2 (facing page 123). Shells of the five living species of Janthina and two species of Recluzia recognized in this work; apertural views, and left lateral views showing outer lip sinus.(A–F) Janthina janthina (Linnaeus);A–B, D, GNS RM4442, two specimens, beach, Takou Bay, Northland, New Zealand; C, GNS WM15986, “bicolor” form, San Lourenço Beach, Santa Maria I., Azores, Atlantic; E, GNS RM6735, “bicolor” form, Ohope Beach, Whakatane, New Zealand; F, GNS WM15297, beach between Hutchinson Bluff and Rayner Point, Raoul I., Kermadec Islands. (G–J) Janthina globosa (Swainson); G, GNS WM15254, beach, Mauritius, Indian Ocean; H–J, GNS RM5321, two specimens, Muriwai Beach, West Auckland, New Zealand. (K–L) Janthina pallida Thompson, GNS WM15256, beach, Windy Harbour, Cape D’Entrecasteaux, southern Western Australia.(M, O) Janthina exigua Lamarck, GNS RM5626, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (N, Q) Janthina umbilicata d’Orbigny, GNS RM5627, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (P, R) Recluzia johnii (Holten), GNS WM17360, ventral and dorsal views; trawled in sediment, 130–180 m, Swain Reefs, SE Queensland, Australia (shortest specimen, last entryin Table 12).(S–T) Recluzia lutea (Bennett), GNS RM6748,beach, Great Exhibition Bay,Northland, New Zealand (from same sample as Figs 36M–P). Scale bar 10 mm, applies to all figures.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFAAFF9DCF37FF3A3957FD72.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7548733/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7548733	Figure 36. Putative fossil Recluzia, and specimens of Recluzia johnii (Holten) and Recluzia lutea (Bennett). (A, C) unidentified Epitoniidae formerly identified as Recluzia sp., NMB locality 17516, Casa Cantaure, Paraguana Peninsula, Venezuela; Cantaure Fm, Burdigalian (late early Miocene); SEM. (B, D) MNHN, Jousseaume collection, unlocalized specimen referred toRecluzia johnii (photos by E. Strong).(E, H) Recluzia lutea, USNM56411, holotype of Lymnaea palmeri Dall, Taqui River delta, head of Gulf of Mexico, eastern Pacific (photos by E. Strong). (F–G) Recluzia lutea, MNHN IM.25667, syntype of Recluzia jehennei Petit de la Saussaye and neotype designated here of Recluzia lutea Bennett, of Janthina turrita Philippi and of Recluzia rollandiana Petit de la Saussaye; Gulf ofArabia (MNHN photos).(I–J) Recluzia johnii, NHMUK197432, holotype of Recluzia hargravesi Cox and neotype designated here ofHelix johnii Holten; Port Stephens, New South Wales,Australia (photos by E. Strong).(K–L) Recluzia lutea, MNHN IM.25668, one of two syntypes of Recluzia annamitica Wattebled; Thuan-an, Hué, Vietnam (MNHN photos). (M–P) Recluzia lutea, range of shape of large specimens in one collection; Great Exhibition Bay, northern North Island, New Zealand, Mar 1998; in collection of P. Poortman (Auckland) (specimen in Fig. 2S–T is from the same sample). Scale bars:A, 1 mm; C, 300 µm; uppermost bar, 10 mm, applies to all other figures	Figure 36. Putative fossil Recluzia, and specimens of Recluzia johnii (Holten) and Recluzia lutea (Bennett). (A, C) unidentified Epitoniidae formerly identified as Recluzia sp., NMB locality 17516, Casa Cantaure, Paraguana Peninsula, Venezuela; Cantaure Fm, Burdigalian (late early Miocene); SEM. (B, D) MNHN, Jousseaume collection, unlocalized specimen referred toRecluzia johnii (photos by E. Strong).(E, H) Recluzia lutea, USNM56411, holotype of Lymnaea palmeri Dall, Taqui River delta, head of Gulf of Mexico, eastern Pacific (photos by E. Strong). (F–G) Recluzia lutea, MNHN IM.25667, syntype of Recluzia jehennei Petit de la Saussaye and neotype designated here of Recluzia lutea Bennett, of Janthina turrita Philippi and of Recluzia rollandiana Petit de la Saussaye; Gulf ofArabia (MNHN photos).(I–J) Recluzia johnii, NHMUK197432, holotype of Recluzia hargravesi Cox and neotype designated here ofHelix johnii Holten; Port Stephens, New South Wales,Australia (photos by E. Strong).(K–L) Recluzia lutea, MNHN IM.25668, one of two syntypes of Recluzia annamitica Wattebled; Thuan-an, Hué, Vietnam (MNHN photos). (M–P) Recluzia lutea, range of shape of large specimens in one collection; Great Exhibition Bay, northern North Island, New Zealand, Mar 1998; in collection of P. Poortman (Auckland) (specimen in Fig. 2S–T is from the same sample). Scale bars:A, 1 mm; C, 300 µm; uppermost bar, 10 mm, applies to all other figures	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFAAFF9DCF37FF3A3957FD72.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677028/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677028	Figure 7. Recluzia johnii (Holten), two living animals in aquaria, collected on beach in northern New South Wales; specimens reflected on under-surface of water at top of images. (A–B) two views of the same two animals feeding on an Actinecta anemone (at upper right in Fig. 7A), showing similar characters to R. lutea, but taller shell and longer (more expanded?) cephalic tentacles; in Fig. 7B, anemone has been consumed (reproduced with permission of Denis Riek, Brunswick Heads, NSW). Scale bars 10 mm.	Figure 7. Recluzia johnii (Holten), two living animals in aquaria, collected on beach in northern New South Wales; specimens reflected on under-surface of water at top of images. (A–B) two views of the same two animals feeding on an Actinecta anemone (at upper right in Fig. 7A), showing similar characters to R. lutea, but taller shell and longer (more expanded?) cephalic tentacles; in Fig. 7B, anemone has been consumed (reproduced with permission of Denis Riek, Brunswick Heads, NSW). Scale bars 10 mm.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFAAFF9DCF37FF3A3957FD72.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677091/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677091	Figure 35. Scatter diagram comparing dimensions of Recluzia species. (A) diameter compared with height; (B) diameter compared with spire height. ▲ Recluzia lutea (Table 13);  Recluzia johnii (Table 12, including Jousseaume’s specimen of Recluzia johnii, MNHN). Letters show positions of type specimens of synonyms:A — Recluzia annamitica syntype; B — Recluzia bensoni holotype; E — Recluzia erythraea holotype; G — Recluzia globosa holotype; H — Recluzia hargravesi holotype (neotype of Recluzia johnii); Je — Recluzia jehennei syntype (neotype of Janthina lutea); JJ — Recluzia johnii, Jousseaume’s specimen; M — Recluzia montrouzieri syntype; R — Recluzia rollandiana syntype (from Petit de la Saussaye, 1853); T — Janthina turrita syntype.	Figure 35. Scatter diagram comparing dimensions of Recluzia species. (A) diameter compared with height; (B) diameter compared with spire height. ▲ Recluzia lutea (Table 13);  Recluzia johnii (Table 12, including Jousseaume’s specimen of Recluzia johnii, MNHN). Letters show positions of type specimens of synonyms:A — Recluzia annamitica syntype; B — Recluzia bensoni holotype; E — Recluzia erythraea holotype; G — Recluzia globosa holotype; H — Recluzia hargravesi holotype (neotype of Recluzia johnii); Je — Recluzia jehennei syntype (neotype of Janthina lutea); JJ — Recluzia johnii, Jousseaume’s specimen; M — Recluzia montrouzieri syntype; R — Recluzia rollandiana syntype (from Petit de la Saussaye, 1853); T — Janthina turrita syntype.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFACFF9ECD97FD08398BF8A2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7551505/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7551505	Figure 2 (facing page 123). Shells of the five living species of Janthina and two species of Recluzia recognized in this work; apertural views, and left lateral views showing outer lip sinus.(A–F) Janthina janthina (Linnaeus);A–B, D, GNS RM4442, two specimens, beach, Takou Bay, Northland, New Zealand; C, GNS WM15986, “bicolor” form, San Lourenço Beach, Santa Maria I., Azores, Atlantic; E, GNS RM6735, “bicolor” form, Ohope Beach, Whakatane, New Zealand; F, GNS WM15297, beach between Hutchinson Bluff and Rayner Point, Raoul I., Kermadec Islands. (G–J) Janthina globosa (Swainson); G, GNS WM15254, beach, Mauritius, Indian Ocean; H–J, GNS RM5321, two specimens, Muriwai Beach, West Auckland, New Zealand. (K–L) Janthina pallida Thompson, GNS WM15256, beach, Windy Harbour, Cape D’Entrecasteaux, southern Western Australia.(M, O) Janthina exigua Lamarck, GNS RM5626, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (N, Q) Janthina umbilicata d’Orbigny, GNS RM5627, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (P, R) Recluzia johnii (Holten), GNS WM17360, ventral and dorsal views; trawled in sediment, 130–180 m, Swain Reefs, SE Queensland, Australia (shortest specimen, last entryin Table 12).(S–T) Recluzia lutea (Bennett), GNS RM6748,beach, Great Exhibition Bay,Northland, New Zealand (from same sample as Figs 36M–P). Scale bar 10 mm, applies to all figures.	Figure 2 (facing page 123). Shells of the five living species of Janthina and two species of Recluzia recognized in this work; apertural views, and left lateral views showing outer lip sinus.(A–F) Janthina janthina (Linnaeus);A–B, D, GNS RM4442, two specimens, beach, Takou Bay, Northland, New Zealand; C, GNS WM15986, “bicolor” form, San Lourenço Beach, Santa Maria I., Azores, Atlantic; E, GNS RM6735, “bicolor” form, Ohope Beach, Whakatane, New Zealand; F, GNS WM15297, beach between Hutchinson Bluff and Rayner Point, Raoul I., Kermadec Islands. (G–J) Janthina globosa (Swainson); G, GNS WM15254, beach, Mauritius, Indian Ocean; H–J, GNS RM5321, two specimens, Muriwai Beach, West Auckland, New Zealand. (K–L) Janthina pallida Thompson, GNS WM15256, beach, Windy Harbour, Cape D’Entrecasteaux, southern Western Australia.(M, O) Janthina exigua Lamarck, GNS RM5626, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (N, Q) Janthina umbilicata d’Orbigny, GNS RM5627, Nukumaru Beach, Whanganui, New Zealand. (P, R) Recluzia johnii (Holten), GNS WM17360, ventral and dorsal views; trawled in sediment, 130–180 m, Swain Reefs, SE Queensland, Australia (shortest specimen, last entryin Table 12).(S–T) Recluzia lutea (Bennett), GNS RM6748,beach, Great Exhibition Bay,Northland, New Zealand (from same sample as Figs 36M–P). Scale bar 10 mm, applies to all figures.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFACFF9ECD97FD08398BF8A2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7548733/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7548733	Figure 36. Putative fossil Recluzia, and specimens of Recluzia johnii (Holten) and Recluzia lutea (Bennett). (A, C) unidentified Epitoniidae formerly identified as Recluzia sp., NMB locality 17516, Casa Cantaure, Paraguana Peninsula, Venezuela; Cantaure Fm, Burdigalian (late early Miocene); SEM. (B, D) MNHN, Jousseaume collection, unlocalized specimen referred toRecluzia johnii (photos by E. Strong).(E, H) Recluzia lutea, USNM56411, holotype of Lymnaea palmeri Dall, Taqui River delta, head of Gulf of Mexico, eastern Pacific (photos by E. Strong). (F–G) Recluzia lutea, MNHN IM.25667, syntype of Recluzia jehennei Petit de la Saussaye and neotype designated here of Recluzia lutea Bennett, of Janthina turrita Philippi and of Recluzia rollandiana Petit de la Saussaye; Gulf ofArabia (MNHN photos).(I–J) Recluzia johnii, NHMUK197432, holotype of Recluzia hargravesi Cox and neotype designated here ofHelix johnii Holten; Port Stephens, New South Wales,Australia (photos by E. Strong).(K–L) Recluzia lutea, MNHN IM.25668, one of two syntypes of Recluzia annamitica Wattebled; Thuan-an, Hué, Vietnam (MNHN photos). (M–P) Recluzia lutea, range of shape of large specimens in one collection; Great Exhibition Bay, northern North Island, New Zealand, Mar 1998; in collection of P. Poortman (Auckland) (specimen in Fig. 2S–T is from the same sample). Scale bars:A, 1 mm; C, 300 µm; uppermost bar, 10 mm, applies to all other figures	Figure 36. Putative fossil Recluzia, and specimens of Recluzia johnii (Holten) and Recluzia lutea (Bennett). (A, C) unidentified Epitoniidae formerly identified as Recluzia sp., NMB locality 17516, Casa Cantaure, Paraguana Peninsula, Venezuela; Cantaure Fm, Burdigalian (late early Miocene); SEM. (B, D) MNHN, Jousseaume collection, unlocalized specimen referred toRecluzia johnii (photos by E. Strong).(E, H) Recluzia lutea, USNM56411, holotype of Lymnaea palmeri Dall, Taqui River delta, head of Gulf of Mexico, eastern Pacific (photos by E. Strong). (F–G) Recluzia lutea, MNHN IM.25667, syntype of Recluzia jehennei Petit de la Saussaye and neotype designated here of Recluzia lutea Bennett, of Janthina turrita Philippi and of Recluzia rollandiana Petit de la Saussaye; Gulf ofArabia (MNHN photos).(I–J) Recluzia johnii, NHMUK197432, holotype of Recluzia hargravesi Cox and neotype designated here ofHelix johnii Holten; Port Stephens, New South Wales,Australia (photos by E. Strong).(K–L) Recluzia lutea, MNHN IM.25668, one of two syntypes of Recluzia annamitica Wattebled; Thuan-an, Hué, Vietnam (MNHN photos). (M–P) Recluzia lutea, range of shape of large specimens in one collection; Great Exhibition Bay, northern North Island, New Zealand, Mar 1998; in collection of P. Poortman (Auckland) (specimen in Fig. 2S–T is from the same sample). Scale bars:A, 1 mm; C, 300 µm; uppermost bar, 10 mm, applies to all other figures	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFACFF9ECD97FD08398BF8A2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677087/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677087	Figure 34. Specimens ofJanthina exigua Lamarck andJanthina umbilicata d’Orbigny; SEM.(A–C, E–F) Janthina exigua, 2 specimens, GNS RM5852, Waikanae Beach, west Wellington, New Zealand;A, whole shell; B, sculpture on last whorl at apex of outer lip sinus; C, lateral view of protoconch; E, F, apical views of whole shell and protoconch. (D, G–H) Janthina umbilicata, GNS RM5312, Piha Beach, westAuckland, New Zealand; D, sculpture on last whorl at apex of outer lip sinus, to same scale as Fig. 34B; G–H, lateral views of whole shell and protoconch. Scale bars: A, E, G, 2 mm; B, D, 500 µm; C, H, 200 µm; F, 300 µm.	Figure 34. Specimens ofJanthina exigua Lamarck andJanthina umbilicata d’Orbigny; SEM.(A–C, E–F) Janthina exigua, 2 specimens, GNS RM5852, Waikanae Beach, west Wellington, New Zealand;A, whole shell; B, sculpture on last whorl at apex of outer lip sinus; C, lateral view of protoconch; E, F, apical views of whole shell and protoconch. (D, G–H) Janthina umbilicata, GNS RM5312, Piha Beach, westAuckland, New Zealand; D, sculpture on last whorl at apex of outer lip sinus, to same scale as Fig. 34B; G–H, lateral views of whole shell and protoconch. Scale bars: A, E, G, 2 mm; B, D, 500 µm; C, H, 200 µm; F, 300 µm.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFACFF9ECD97FD08398BF8A2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677091/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677091	Figure 35. Scatter diagram comparing dimensions of Recluzia species. (A) diameter compared with height; (B) diameter compared with spire height. ▲ Recluzia lutea (Table 13);  Recluzia johnii (Table 12, including Jousseaume’s specimen of Recluzia johnii, MNHN). Letters show positions of type specimens of synonyms:A — Recluzia annamitica syntype; B — Recluzia bensoni holotype; E — Recluzia erythraea holotype; G — Recluzia globosa holotype; H — Recluzia hargravesi holotype (neotype of Recluzia johnii); Je — Recluzia jehennei syntype (neotype of Janthina lutea); JJ — Recluzia johnii, Jousseaume’s specimen; M — Recluzia montrouzieri syntype; R — Recluzia rollandiana syntype (from Petit de la Saussaye, 1853); T — Janthina turrita syntype.	Figure 35. Scatter diagram comparing dimensions of Recluzia species. (A) diameter compared with height; (B) diameter compared with spire height. ▲ Recluzia lutea (Table 13);  Recluzia johnii (Table 12, including Jousseaume’s specimen of Recluzia johnii, MNHN). Letters show positions of type specimens of synonyms:A — Recluzia annamitica syntype; B — Recluzia bensoni holotype; E — Recluzia erythraea holotype; G — Recluzia globosa holotype; H — Recluzia hargravesi holotype (neotype of Recluzia johnii); Je — Recluzia jehennei syntype (neotype of Janthina lutea); JJ — Recluzia johnii, Jousseaume’s specimen; M — Recluzia montrouzieri syntype; R — Recluzia rollandiana syntype (from Petit de la Saussaye, 1853); T — Janthina turrita syntype.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFACFF9ECD97FD08398BF8A2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677093/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677093	Figure 37.Recluzia lutea (Bennett), NMNZ M081518, small specimens and larval shells; beach, Taupiri Bay, Northland, New Zealand; SEM. (A–B) apical views of shell and protoconch. (C–D, G) apertural view of incomplete specimen with 10 larval shells attached to dried float material; C, lateral view of protoconch of large specimen; D, whole shell; G, larval shell attached by dried float material to large specimen below its protoconch. (E–F) third specimen, lateral views of shell and protoconch. Scale bars: A, D, E, 1 mm; B, F, 200 µm; C, G, 300 µm.	Figure 37.Recluzia lutea (Bennett), NMNZ M081518, small specimens and larval shells; beach, Taupiri Bay, Northland, New Zealand; SEM. (A–B) apical views of shell and protoconch. (C–D, G) apertural view of incomplete specimen with 10 larval shells attached to dried float material; C, lateral view of protoconch of large specimen; D, whole shell; G, larval shell attached by dried float material to large specimen below its protoconch. (E–F) third specimen, lateral views of shell and protoconch. Scale bars: A, D, E, 1 mm; B, F, 200 µm; C, G, 300 µm.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
03EF87ABFFACFF9ECD97FD08398BF8A2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/4677026/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677026	Figure 6. Recluzia lutea (Bennett), living animals in aquaria. (A–B) two views of same specimen, showing irregular float bubbles, and egg capsules beneath float; collected at Minnie Waters, near Lismore, New South Wales (reproduced with permission of Anthony Healy, Sydney). (C) specimen collected on beach in northern New South Wales, showing relatively large juvenile, presumably male specimen (arrowed) on foot of large female specimen, beneath female’s float; located against blue Physalia specimen at right (reproduced with permission of Denis Riek, Brunswick Heads, New South Wales). Scale bar 10 mm, applies to all images.	Figure 6. Recluzia lutea (Bennett), living animals in aquaria. (A–B) two views of same specimen, showing irregular float bubbles, and egg capsules beneath float; collected at Minnie Waters, near Lismore, New South Wales (reproduced with permission of Anthony Healy, Sydney). (C) specimen collected on beach in northern New South Wales, showing relatively large juvenile, presumably male specimen (arrowed) on foot of large female specimen, beneath female’s float; located against blue Physalia specimen at right (reproduced with permission of Denis Riek, Brunswick Heads, New South Wales). Scale bar 10 mm, applies to all images.	2017-08-23	Beu, Alan G.		Zenodo	biologists	Beu, Alan G.			
