taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554949/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554949	FIGURE 2. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), syntype females.A–B female 1: A habitus, dorsal view; B same, ventral view. C–D female 2: C habitus, dorsal view; D same, ventral view. E labels from syntype bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 0.5 mm; C–D, 1 mm. © MNHN, Paris.	FIGURE 2. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), syntype females.A–B female 1: A habitus, dorsal view; B same, ventral view. C–D female 2: C habitus, dorsal view; D same, ventral view. E labels from syntype bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 0.5 mm; C–D, 1 mm. © MNHN, Paris.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554953/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554953	FIGURE 3. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), syntype females.A, D female 1: A habitus, dorsal view; D same, ventral view. B, E female 2: B habitus, dorsal view; E same, ventral view. C, F female 3: C habitus, dorsal view; F same, ventral view. G labels from syntype bottle. Figures not to scale. © MSNG, Genova.	FIGURE 3. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), syntype females.A, D female 1: A habitus, dorsal view; D same, ventral view. B, E female 2: B habitus, dorsal view; E same, ventral view. C, F female 3: C habitus, dorsal view; F same, ventral view. G labels from syntype bottle. Figures not to scale. © MSNG, Genova.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554957/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554957	FIGURE 4. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884) male, labeled as Diapontia agelenoides. A habitus, dorsal view. B same, dorsoretrolateral view. C–D left pedipalp of the same: C ventral view; D retrolateral view. E labels from the bottle. Figures not to scale. © MSNG, Genova.	FIGURE 4. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884) male, labeled as Diapontia agelenoides. A habitus, dorsal view. B same, dorsoretrolateral view. C–D left pedipalp of the same: C ventral view; D retrolateral view. E labels from the bottle. Figures not to scale. © MSNG, Genova.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554963/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554963	FIGURE 5. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), male (ADSH595032). A habitus, dorsal view. B same, ventral view. C same, retrolateral view. D same, frontal view. E prosoma showing endites, labium, sternum, ventral view. F spinnerets, ventral view. G–H left chelicera: G ventroretrolateral view showing teeth and stridulatory file; H prolateral view showing stridulatory file. I left tarsus IV showing reduced scopula, retrolateral view. Scale bars: A–C, 2 mm; D–E, I, 1 mm; F, 0.5 mm; G–H, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 5. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), male (ADSH595032). A habitus, dorsal view. B same, ventral view. C same, retrolateral view. D same, frontal view. E prosoma showing endites, labium, sternum, ventral view. F spinnerets, ventral view. G–H left chelicera: G ventroretrolateral view showing teeth and stridulatory file; H prolateral view showing stridulatory file. I left tarsus IV showing reduced scopula, retrolateral view. Scale bars: A–C, 2 mm; D–E, I, 1 mm; F, 0.5 mm; G–H, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554967/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554967	FIGURE 6. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), female (ADSH595032).A habitus, dorsal view. B same, ventral view. C same, retrolateral view. D same, frontal view. E prosoma showing endites, labium, sternum, ventral view. F spinnerets, ventral view. G–H left chelicera: G ventral view showing teeth; H retrolateral view showing stridulatory file. I left tarsus IV showing reduced scopula, prolateral view. Scale bars: A–C, 2 mm; D–E, 1 mm; F–I, 0.5 mm.	FIGURE 6. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), female (ADSH595032).A habitus, dorsal view. B same, ventral view. C same, retrolateral view. D same, frontal view. E prosoma showing endites, labium, sternum, ventral view. F spinnerets, ventral view. G–H left chelicera: G ventral view showing teeth; H retrolateral view showing stridulatory file. I left tarsus IV showing reduced scopula, prolateral view. Scale bars: A–C, 2 mm; D–E, 1 mm; F–I, 0.5 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554979/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554979	FIGURE 10. Hippasa deserticola Simon, 1889, types of Hippasa charamaensis Gajbe, 2004.A holotype female habitus, dorsal view. B allotype male habitus, dorsal view. C labels from type bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm.	FIGURE 10. Hippasa deserticola Simon, 1889, types of Hippasa charamaensis Gajbe, 2004.A holotype female habitus, dorsal view. B allotype male habitus, dorsal view. C labels from type bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554985/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554985	FIGURE 12. Hippasa deserticola Simon, 1889, types of Hippasa madhuae Tikader & Malhotra, 1980. A holotype female habitus (NZC-ZSI 4665/18), dorsal view. B allotype male habitus (NZC-ZSI 4666/18), dorsal view. C–D labels from type bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm.	FIGURE 12. Hippasa deserticola Simon, 1889, types of Hippasa madhuae Tikader & Malhotra, 1980. A holotype female habitus (NZC-ZSI 4665/18), dorsal view. B allotype male habitus (NZC-ZSI 4666/18), dorsal view. C–D labels from type bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554991/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554991	FIGURE 14. Hippasa himalayensis Gravely, 1924, lectotype female (NZC-ZSI 2268/18). A habitus, dorsal view. B same, ventral view. C epigyne, ventral view. D vulva, dorsal view. E labels from type bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C, 0.2 mm; D, 0.5 mm.	FIGURE 14. Hippasa himalayensis Gravely, 1924, lectotype female (NZC-ZSI 2268/18). A habitus, dorsal view. B same, ventral view. C epigyne, ventral view. D vulva, dorsal view. E labels from type bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C, 0.2 mm; D, 0.5 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555001/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555001	FIGURE 17. Hippasa loundesi Gravely, 1924, female (ADSH5950252). A habitus, dorsal view. B prosoma showing sternum, ventral view. C left chelicera, ventral view. D epigyne intact, ventral view; E same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; F vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C, 1 mm; D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 0.5 mm.	FIGURE 17. Hippasa loundesi Gravely, 1924, female (ADSH5950252). A habitus, dorsal view. B prosoma showing sternum, ventral view. C left chelicera, ventral view. D epigyne intact, ventral view; E same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; F vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C, 1 mm; D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 0.5 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555007/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555007	FIGURE 19. Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900, male (ADSH595026). A habitus, dorsal view. B prosoma showing sternum, ventral view. C left chelicera, ventral view. D spinnerets, ventral view. E–H left pedipalp: E prolateral; F ventral; G retrolateral; H embolic division, ventral view. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C, E–G, 0.5 mm; D, 1 mm; H, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 19. Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900, male (ADSH595026). A habitus, dorsal view. B prosoma showing sternum, ventral view. C left chelicera, ventral view. D spinnerets, ventral view. E–H left pedipalp: E prolateral; F ventral; G retrolateral; H embolic division, ventral view. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C, E–G, 0.5 mm; D, 1 mm; H, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555019/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555019	FIGURE 22. Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900, allotype male of Hippasa mahabaleshwarensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980 (NZC- ZSI 4651/18). A habitus, dorsal view. B–C left pedipalp: B ventral view; C retrolateral view. D label from the allotype tube. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B–C, 1 mm.	FIGURE 22. Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900, allotype male of Hippasa mahabaleshwarensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980 (NZC- ZSI 4651/18). A habitus, dorsal view. B–C left pedipalp: B ventral view; C retrolateral view. D label from the allotype tube. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B–C, 1 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555025/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555025	FIGURE 24. Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924, male (A–F) and female (G–L) (ADSH5950281). A, G habitus, dorsal view. B, H same, frontal view. C, I prosoma showing endites, labium, sternum, ventral view. D, J spinnerets, ventral view. E, K left chelicera, retrolateral view. F, L left tarsus IV showing reduced scopula, lateral view. Scale bars: A, G, 2 mm; B–C, F, H–I, 1 mm; D–E, J, L, 0.5 mm; K, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 24. Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924, male (A–F) and female (G–L) (ADSH5950281). A, G habitus, dorsal view. B, H same, frontal view. C, I prosoma showing endites, labium, sternum, ventral view. D, J spinnerets, ventral view. E, K left chelicera, retrolateral view. F, L left tarsus IV showing reduced scopula, lateral view. Scale bars: A, G, 2 mm; B–C, F, H–I, 1 mm; D–E, J, L, 0.5 mm; K, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555035/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555035	FIGURE 27. Hippasa pantherina Pocock, 1899, male (A–D) (ADSH59502) and female (E–H) (ADSH59503). A, E habitus, dorsal view. B, F prosoma showing endites, labium, sternum, ventral view. C, G left chelicera, ventral view. D, H spinnerets, ventral view. Scale bars: A–B, D–F, H, 2 mm; C, G, 1 mm.	FIGURE 27. Hippasa pantherina Pocock, 1899, male (A–D) (ADSH59502) and female (E–H) (ADSH59503). A, E habitus, dorsal view. B, F prosoma showing endites, labium, sternum, ventral view. C, G left chelicera, ventral view. D, H spinnerets, ventral view. Scale bars: A–B, D–F, H, 2 mm; C, G, 1 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555047/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555047	FIGURE 33. Hippasa hansae Gajbe & Gajbe, 1999, holotype female (NZC-ZSI). A habitus, dorsal view. B same, ventral view. C tissue from the epigynal area, dorsal view. D label from type bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C, 0.5 mm.	FIGURE 33. Hippasa hansae Gajbe & Gajbe, 1999, holotype female (NZC-ZSI). A habitus, dorsal view. B same, ventral view. C tissue from the epigynal area, dorsal view. D label from type bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C, 0.5 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555051/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555051	FIGURE 34. Hippasa wigglesworthi Gajbe & Gajbe, 1999, holotype female (NZC-ZSI).A habitus, dorsal view. B opisthosoma, ventral view. C piece of tegument over the epigynal area, dorsal view. D label from type bottle. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B–C, 1 mm.	FIGURE 34. Hippasa wigglesworthi Gajbe & Gajbe, 1999, holotype female (NZC-ZSI).A habitus, dorsal view. B opisthosoma, ventral view. C piece of tegument over the epigynal area, dorsal view. D label from type bottle. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B–C, 1 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555013/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555013	FIGURE 20. Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900, female (ADSH595026). A habitus, dorsoretrolateral view. B prosoma showing sternum, ventral view. C left chelicera, ventral view. D spinnerets, ventral view. E intact epigyne, ventral view; F same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; G vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C–D, 1 mm; E–G, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 20. Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900, female (ADSH595026). A habitus, dorsoretrolateral view. B prosoma showing sternum, ventral view. C left chelicera, ventral view. D spinnerets, ventral view. E intact epigyne, ventral view; F same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; G vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C–D, 1 mm; E–G, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555041/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555041	FIGURE 30. Hippasa valiveruensis Patel & Reddy, 1993, female (ADSH595035). A habitus, dorsal view. B prosoma, dorsal view. C prosoma showing sternum, ventral view. D left chelicera, ventroretrolateral view. E spinnerets, ventral view. F intact epigyne, ventral view; G same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; H vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B, E, 0.5 mm; C, 1 mm; D, F–H, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 30. Hippasa valiveruensis Patel & Reddy, 1993, female (ADSH595035). A habitus, dorsal view. B prosoma, dorsal view. C prosoma showing sternum, ventral view. D left chelicera, ventroretrolateral view. E spinnerets, ventral view. F intact epigyne, ventral view; G same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; H vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B, E, 0.5 mm; C, 1 mm; D, F–H, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554969/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554969	FIGURE 7. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), male and female genitalia (ADSH595032). A–D male left pedipalp: A prolateral view; B ventral view; C retrolateral view; D embolic division, ventral view. E–G female genitalia: E epigyne intact, ventral view; F same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; G vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–G, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 7. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), male and female genitalia (ADSH595032). A–D male left pedipalp: A prolateral view; B ventral view; C retrolateral view; D embolic division, ventral view. E–G female genitalia: E epigyne intact, ventral view; F same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; G vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–G, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554973/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554973	FIGURE 8. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), male and female genitalia (ADSH595032). A–C male left pedipalp: A ventral view; B retrolateral view; C embolic division, ventral view. D–E female genitalia: D epigyne ventral view; E vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations:AGaccessory gland;AT anteriorarmof tegularapophysis; Cconductor;E embolus; EBembolic base; FDfertilization duct; H hood; LEP lateral epigynal plate; LT lamellate process of tegulum; MEP median epigynal plate; MT mesal arm of tegular apophysis; Pa palea; RTP retrolateral process of tegulum; S spermatheca; Se synembolus; SD sperm duct; SS spermathecal stalk; ST subtegulum; T tegulum; TA tegular apophysis; TG tegular groove; TS tegular stalk. Scale bars: A–E, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 8. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), male and female genitalia (ADSH595032). A–C male left pedipalp: A ventral view; B retrolateral view; C embolic division, ventral view. D–E female genitalia: D epigyne ventral view; E vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations:AGaccessory gland;AT anteriorarmof tegularapophysis; Cconductor;E embolus; EBembolic base; FDfertilization duct; H hood; LEP lateral epigynal plate; LT lamellate process of tegulum; MEP median epigynal plate; MT mesal arm of tegular apophysis; Pa palea; RTP retrolateral process of tegulum; S spermatheca; Se synembolus; SD sperm duct; SS spermathecal stalk; ST subtegulum; T tegulum; TA tegular apophysis; TG tegular groove; TS tegular stalk. Scale bars: A–E, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555015/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555015	FIGURE 21. Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900, male and female genitalia (ADSH595026). A–C male left pedipalp: A ventral view; B retrolateral view; C embolic division, ventral view. D–E female genitalia: D epigyne, ventral view; E vulva, dorsal view; F same without left spermatheca showing accessory gland, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AT anterior arm of tegular apophysis; C conductor; E embolus; EB embolic base; FD fertilization duct; H hood; LEP lateral epigynal plate; MEP median epigynal plate; MT mesal arm of tegular apophysis; Pa palea; RTP retrolateral process of tegulum; S spermatheca; Se synembolus; SD sperm duct; SS spermathecal stalk; ST subtegulum; T tegulum; TA tegular apophysis. Scale bars: A–B, 0.5 mm; C–F, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 21. Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900, male and female genitalia (ADSH595026). A–C male left pedipalp: A ventral view; B retrolateral view; C embolic division, ventral view. D–E female genitalia: D epigyne, ventral view; E vulva, dorsal view; F same without left spermatheca showing accessory gland, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AT anterior arm of tegular apophysis; C conductor; E embolus; EB embolic base; FD fertilization duct; H hood; LEP lateral epigynal plate; MEP median epigynal plate; MT mesal arm of tegular apophysis; Pa palea; RTP retrolateral process of tegulum; S spermatheca; Se synembolus; SD sperm duct; SS spermathecal stalk; ST subtegulum; T tegulum; TA tegular apophysis. Scale bars: A–B, 0.5 mm; C–F, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555027/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555027	FIGURE 25. Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924, male and female genitalia (ADSH5950281). A–C male left pedipalp, D male right pedipalp: A prolateral view; B ventral view; C retrolateral view; D embolic division, ventral view. E–G female genitalia: E intact epigyne, ventral view; F same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; G vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–C, 0.5 mm; D–G, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 25. Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924, male and female genitalia (ADSH5950281). A–C male left pedipalp, D male right pedipalp: A prolateral view; B ventral view; C retrolateral view; D embolic division, ventral view. E–G female genitalia: E intact epigyne, ventral view; F same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; G vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–C, 0.5 mm; D–G, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555031/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555031	FIGURE 26. Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924, male and female genitalia (ADSH5950281). A–B male left pedipalp, C male right pedipalp: A ventral view; B retrolateral view; C embolic division, ventral view. D–E female genitalia: D epigyne, ventral view; E vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AT anterior arm of tegular apophysis; C conductor; E embolus; EB embolic base; FD fertilization duct; LEP lateral epigynal plate; LT lamellate process of tegulum; MEP median epigynal plate; MS membranous sheath; MT mesal arm of tegular apophysis; Pa palea; RTP retrolateral process of tegulum; S spermatheca; Se synembolus; SD sperm duct; SS spermathecal stalk; ST subtegulum; T tegulum; TA tegular apophysis; TG tegular groove; TS tegular stalk. Scale bars: A–B, 0.5 mm; C–E, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 26. Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924, male and female genitalia (ADSH5950281). A–B male left pedipalp, C male right pedipalp: A ventral view; B retrolateral view; C embolic division, ventral view. D–E female genitalia: D epigyne, ventral view; E vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AT anterior arm of tegular apophysis; C conductor; E embolus; EB embolic base; FD fertilization duct; LEP lateral epigynal plate; LT lamellate process of tegulum; MEP median epigynal plate; MS membranous sheath; MT mesal arm of tegular apophysis; Pa palea; RTP retrolateral process of tegulum; S spermatheca; Se synembolus; SD sperm duct; SS spermathecal stalk; ST subtegulum; T tegulum; TA tegular apophysis; TG tegular groove; TS tegular stalk. Scale bars: A–B, 0.5 mm; C–E, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555037/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555037	FIGURE 28. Hippasa pantherina Pocock, 1899, male (ADSH59502) and female (ADSH59503) genitalia. A–D male left pedipalp: A prolateral view; B ventral view; C retrolateral view; D embolic division, ventral view. E–G female genitalia: E intact epigyne, ventral view; F same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; G vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–C, E–G, 0.5 mm; D, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 28. Hippasa pantherina Pocock, 1899, male (ADSH59502) and female (ADSH59503) genitalia. A–D male left pedipalp: A prolateral view; B ventral view; C retrolateral view; D embolic division, ventral view. E–G female genitalia: E intact epigyne, ventral view; F same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; G vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–C, E–G, 0.5 mm; D, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555039/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555039	FIGURE 29. Hippasa pantherina Pocock, 1899, male (ADSH59502) and female (ADSH59503) genitalia. A–C male left pedipalp: A ventral view; B retrolateral view; C embolic division, ventral view. D–E female genitalia: D epigyne, ventral view; E vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AT anterior arm of tegular apophysis; C conductor; E embolus; EB embolic base; FD fertilization duct; LEP lateral epigynal plate; LT lamellate process of tegulum; MEP median epigynal plate; MT mesal arm of tegular apophysis; Pa palea; RTP retrolateral process of tegulum; S spermatheca; Se synembolus; SD sperm duct; SS spermathecal stalk; ST subtegulum; T tegulum; TA tegular apophysis; TG tegular groove. Scale bars: A–B, D–E, 0.5 mm; C, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 29. Hippasa pantherina Pocock, 1899, male (ADSH59502) and female (ADSH59503) genitalia. A–C male left pedipalp: A ventral view; B retrolateral view; C embolic division, ventral view. D–E female genitalia: D epigyne, ventral view; E vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AT anterior arm of tegular apophysis; C conductor; E embolus; EB embolic base; FD fertilization duct; LEP lateral epigynal plate; LT lamellate process of tegulum; MEP median epigynal plate; MT mesal arm of tegular apophysis; Pa palea; RTP retrolateral process of tegulum; S spermatheca; Se synembolus; SD sperm duct; SS spermathecal stalk; ST subtegulum; T tegulum; TA tegular apophysis; TG tegular groove. Scale bars: A–B, D–E, 0.5 mm; C, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554983/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554983	FIGURE 11. Hippasa deserticola Simon, 1889, genitalia of types of Hippasa charamaensis Gajbe, 2004.A–C left pedipalp of allotype male: A prolateroventral view; B ventral view; C retrolateral view. D–G holotype female genitalia: D epigyne, ventral view; E same, oblique ventral view; F vulva, dorsal view; G same, oblique dorsal view. Scale bars: A–C, 0.5 mm; D–G, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 11. Hippasa deserticola Simon, 1889, genitalia of types of Hippasa charamaensis Gajbe, 2004.A–C left pedipalp of allotype male: A prolateroventral view; B ventral view; C retrolateral view. D–G holotype female genitalia: D epigyne, ventral view; E same, oblique ventral view; F vulva, dorsal view; G same, oblique dorsal view. Scale bars: A–C, 0.5 mm; D–G, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554989/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554989	FIGURE 13. Hippasa deserticola Simon, 1889, genitalia of types of Hippasa madhuae Tikader & Malhotra, 1980 (NZC-ZSI 4665/18 and 4666/18). A–B left pedipalp of allotype male: A prolateroventral view; B ventral view. C–D holotype female genitalia: C epigyne, oblique ventral view; D vulva, oblique dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B, 0.5 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 13. Hippasa deserticola Simon, 1889, genitalia of types of Hippasa madhuae Tikader & Malhotra, 1980 (NZC-ZSI 4665/18 and 4666/18). A–B left pedipalp of allotype male: A prolateroventral view; B ventral view. C–D holotype female genitalia: C epigyne, oblique ventral view; D vulva, oblique dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B, 0.5 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554995/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554995	FIGURE 15. Hippasa holmerae Thorell, 1895, genitalia of a topotype female specimen deposited in ZSI (NZC-ZSI 2393/17). A epigyne, ventral view. B vulva, dorsal view. C labels from the bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 15. Hippasa holmerae Thorell, 1895, genitalia of a topotype female specimen deposited in ZSI (NZC-ZSI 2393/17). A epigyne, ventral view. B vulva, dorsal view. C labels from the bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555005/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555005	FIGURE 18. Hippasa loundesi Gravely, 1924, genitalia of female (ADSH5950252). A epigyne, ventral view. B vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; FD fertilization duct; LEP lateral epigynal plate; MEP median epigynal plate; S spermatheca; SS spermathecal stalk. Scale bars: A–B, 0.5 mm.	FIGURE 18. Hippasa loundesi Gravely, 1924, genitalia of female (ADSH5950252). A epigyne, ventral view. B vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; FD fertilization duct; LEP lateral epigynal plate; MEP median epigynal plate; S spermatheca; SS spermathecal stalk. Scale bars: A–B, 0.5 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555043/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555043	FIGURE 31. Hippasa valiveruensis Patel & Reddy, 1993, genitalia of female (ADSH595035). A epigyne, ventral view. B vulva, dorsal view.Abbreviations:AG accessory gland; FD fertilization duct; LEP lateral epigynal plate; MEP median epigynal plate; S spermatheca; SS spermathecal stalk. Scale bars: A–B, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 31. Hippasa valiveruensis Patel & Reddy, 1993, genitalia of female (ADSH595035). A epigyne, ventral view. B vulva, dorsal view.Abbreviations:AG accessory gland; FD fertilization duct; LEP lateral epigynal plate; MEP median epigynal plate; S spermatheca; SS spermathecal stalk. Scale bars: A–B, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F44CCE3A5DDBF9B2BCCAF897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554947/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554947	FIGURE 1. Field photographs of Hippasa spp. and their webs. A–B, F Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884): A male; B female; F web. C–D, H Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924: C male; D female; H web. E Hippasa pantherina Pocock, 1899, female. G web of Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900. Figures not to scale. Photo credits: A, F–G Pradeep M. Sankaran, B–D, H John T. D. Caleb, E, Jimmy Paul.	FIGURE 1. Field photographs of Hippasa spp. and their webs. A–B, F Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884): A male; B female; F web. C–D, H Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924: C male; D female; H web. E Hippasa pantherina Pocock, 1899, female. G web of Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900. Figures not to scale. Photo credits: A, F–G Pradeep M. Sankaran, B–D, H John T. D. Caleb, E, Jimmy Paul.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F448CE345DDBFF5ABA54FC1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554947/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554947	FIGURE 1. Field photographs of Hippasa spp. and their webs. A–B, F Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884): A male; B female; F web. C–D, H Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924: C male; D female; H web. E Hippasa pantherina Pocock, 1899, female. G web of Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900. Figures not to scale. Photo credits: A, F–G Pradeep M. Sankaran, B–D, H John T. D. Caleb, E, Jimmy Paul.	FIGURE 1. Field photographs of Hippasa spp. and their webs. A–B, F Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884): A male; B female; F web. C–D, H Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924: C male; D female; H web. E Hippasa pantherina Pocock, 1899, female. G web of Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900. Figures not to scale. Photo credits: A, F–G Pradeep M. Sankaran, B–D, H John T. D. Caleb, E, Jimmy Paul.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F448CE345DDBFF5ABA54FC1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554949/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554949	FIGURE 2. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), syntype females.A–B female 1: A habitus, dorsal view; B same, ventral view. C–D female 2: C habitus, dorsal view; D same, ventral view. E labels from syntype bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 0.5 mm; C–D, 1 mm. © MNHN, Paris.	FIGURE 2. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), syntype females.A–B female 1: A habitus, dorsal view; B same, ventral view. C–D female 2: C habitus, dorsal view; D same, ventral view. E labels from syntype bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 0.5 mm; C–D, 1 mm. © MNHN, Paris.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F448CE345DDBFF5ABA54FC1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554953/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554953	FIGURE 3. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), syntype females.A, D female 1: A habitus, dorsal view; D same, ventral view. B, E female 2: B habitus, dorsal view; E same, ventral view. C, F female 3: C habitus, dorsal view; F same, ventral view. G labels from syntype bottle. Figures not to scale. © MSNG, Genova.	FIGURE 3. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), syntype females.A, D female 1: A habitus, dorsal view; D same, ventral view. B, E female 2: B habitus, dorsal view; E same, ventral view. C, F female 3: C habitus, dorsal view; F same, ventral view. G labels from syntype bottle. Figures not to scale. © MSNG, Genova.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F448CE345DDBFF5ABA54FC1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554957/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554957	FIGURE 4. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884) male, labeled as Diapontia agelenoides. A habitus, dorsal view. B same, dorsoretrolateral view. C–D left pedipalp of the same: C ventral view; D retrolateral view. E labels from the bottle. Figures not to scale. © MSNG, Genova.	FIGURE 4. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884) male, labeled as Diapontia agelenoides. A habitus, dorsal view. B same, dorsoretrolateral view. C–D left pedipalp of the same: C ventral view; D retrolateral view. E labels from the bottle. Figures not to scale. © MSNG, Genova.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F448CE345DDBFF5ABA54FC1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554963/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554963	FIGURE 5. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), male (ADSH595032). A habitus, dorsal view. B same, ventral view. C same, retrolateral view. D same, frontal view. E prosoma showing endites, labium, sternum, ventral view. F spinnerets, ventral view. G–H left chelicera: G ventroretrolateral view showing teeth and stridulatory file; H prolateral view showing stridulatory file. I left tarsus IV showing reduced scopula, retrolateral view. Scale bars: A–C, 2 mm; D–E, I, 1 mm; F, 0.5 mm; G–H, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 5. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), male (ADSH595032). A habitus, dorsal view. B same, ventral view. C same, retrolateral view. D same, frontal view. E prosoma showing endites, labium, sternum, ventral view. F spinnerets, ventral view. G–H left chelicera: G ventroretrolateral view showing teeth and stridulatory file; H prolateral view showing stridulatory file. I left tarsus IV showing reduced scopula, retrolateral view. Scale bars: A–C, 2 mm; D–E, I, 1 mm; F, 0.5 mm; G–H, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F448CE345DDBFF5ABA54FC1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554967/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554967	FIGURE 6. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), female (ADSH595032).A habitus, dorsal view. B same, ventral view. C same, retrolateral view. D same, frontal view. E prosoma showing endites, labium, sternum, ventral view. F spinnerets, ventral view. G–H left chelicera: G ventral view showing teeth; H retrolateral view showing stridulatory file. I left tarsus IV showing reduced scopula, prolateral view. Scale bars: A–C, 2 mm; D–E, 1 mm; F–I, 0.5 mm.	FIGURE 6. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), female (ADSH595032).A habitus, dorsal view. B same, ventral view. C same, retrolateral view. D same, frontal view. E prosoma showing endites, labium, sternum, ventral view. F spinnerets, ventral view. G–H left chelicera: G ventral view showing teeth; H retrolateral view showing stridulatory file. I left tarsus IV showing reduced scopula, prolateral view. Scale bars: A–C, 2 mm; D–E, 1 mm; F–I, 0.5 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F448CE345DDBFF5ABA54FC1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554969/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554969	FIGURE 7. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), male and female genitalia (ADSH595032). A–D male left pedipalp: A prolateral view; B ventral view; C retrolateral view; D embolic division, ventral view. E–G female genitalia: E epigyne intact, ventral view; F same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; G vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–G, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 7. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), male and female genitalia (ADSH595032). A–D male left pedipalp: A prolateral view; B ventral view; C retrolateral view; D embolic division, ventral view. E–G female genitalia: E epigyne intact, ventral view; F same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; G vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–G, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F448CE345DDBFF5ABA54FC1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554973/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554973	FIGURE 8. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), male and female genitalia (ADSH595032). A–C male left pedipalp: A ventral view; B retrolateral view; C embolic division, ventral view. D–E female genitalia: D epigyne ventral view; E vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations:AGaccessory gland;AT anteriorarmof tegularapophysis; Cconductor;E embolus; EBembolic base; FDfertilization duct; H hood; LEP lateral epigynal plate; LT lamellate process of tegulum; MEP median epigynal plate; MT mesal arm of tegular apophysis; Pa palea; RTP retrolateral process of tegulum; S spermatheca; Se synembolus; SD sperm duct; SS spermathecal stalk; ST subtegulum; T tegulum; TA tegular apophysis; TG tegular groove; TS tegular stalk. Scale bars: A–E, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 8. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), male and female genitalia (ADSH595032). A–C male left pedipalp: A ventral view; B retrolateral view; C embolic division, ventral view. D–E female genitalia: D epigyne ventral view; E vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations:AGaccessory gland;AT anteriorarmof tegularapophysis; Cconductor;E embolus; EBembolic base; FDfertilization duct; H hood; LEP lateral epigynal plate; LT lamellate process of tegulum; MEP median epigynal plate; MT mesal arm of tegular apophysis; Pa palea; RTP retrolateral process of tegulum; S spermatheca; Se synembolus; SD sperm duct; SS spermathecal stalk; ST subtegulum; T tegulum; TA tegular apophysis; TG tegular groove; TS tegular stalk. Scale bars: A–E, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F448CE345DDBFF5ABA54FC1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554977/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554977	FIGURE9. Hippasaagelenoides(Simon,1884),female specimendepositedin ZSI(NZC-ZSI 5152/H2).Ahabitus,dorsoprolateral view. B epigyne, ventral view. C vulva, dorsal view; D labels from the tube. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B–C, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE9. Hippasaagelenoides(Simon,1884),female specimendepositedin ZSI(NZC-ZSI 5152/H2).Ahabitus,dorsoprolateral view. B epigyne, ventral view. C vulva, dorsal view; D labels from the tube. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B–C, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F448CE345DDBFF5ABA54FC1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555053/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555053	FIGURE 35. Geographic distribution records of Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884) in India (Gravely 1924; Tikader & Malhotra 1980; Gajbe 2004, 2007; Ahmed et al. 2015; present data).	FIGURE 35. Geographic distribution records of Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884) in India (Gravely 1924; Tikader & Malhotra 1980; Gajbe 2004, 2007; Ahmed et al. 2015; present data).	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F440CE2B5DDBFBD6BD1FFC39.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554979/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554979	FIGURE 10. Hippasa deserticola Simon, 1889, types of Hippasa charamaensis Gajbe, 2004.A holotype female habitus, dorsal view. B allotype male habitus, dorsal view. C labels from type bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm.	FIGURE 10. Hippasa deserticola Simon, 1889, types of Hippasa charamaensis Gajbe, 2004.A holotype female habitus, dorsal view. B allotype male habitus, dorsal view. C labels from type bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F440CE2B5DDBFBD6BD1FFC39.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554983/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554983	FIGURE 11. Hippasa deserticola Simon, 1889, genitalia of types of Hippasa charamaensis Gajbe, 2004.A–C left pedipalp of allotype male: A prolateroventral view; B ventral view; C retrolateral view. D–G holotype female genitalia: D epigyne, ventral view; E same, oblique ventral view; F vulva, dorsal view; G same, oblique dorsal view. Scale bars: A–C, 0.5 mm; D–G, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 11. Hippasa deserticola Simon, 1889, genitalia of types of Hippasa charamaensis Gajbe, 2004.A–C left pedipalp of allotype male: A prolateroventral view; B ventral view; C retrolateral view. D–G holotype female genitalia: D epigyne, ventral view; E same, oblique ventral view; F vulva, dorsal view; G same, oblique dorsal view. Scale bars: A–C, 0.5 mm; D–G, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F440CE2B5DDBFBD6BD1FFC39.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554985/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554985	FIGURE 12. Hippasa deserticola Simon, 1889, types of Hippasa madhuae Tikader & Malhotra, 1980. A holotype female habitus (NZC-ZSI 4665/18), dorsal view. B allotype male habitus (NZC-ZSI 4666/18), dorsal view. C–D labels from type bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm.	FIGURE 12. Hippasa deserticola Simon, 1889, types of Hippasa madhuae Tikader & Malhotra, 1980. A holotype female habitus (NZC-ZSI 4665/18), dorsal view. B allotype male habitus (NZC-ZSI 4666/18), dorsal view. C–D labels from type bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F440CE2B5DDBFBD6BD1FFC39.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554989/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554989	FIGURE 13. Hippasa deserticola Simon, 1889, genitalia of types of Hippasa madhuae Tikader & Malhotra, 1980 (NZC-ZSI 4665/18 and 4666/18). A–B left pedipalp of allotype male: A prolateroventral view; B ventral view. C–D holotype female genitalia: C epigyne, oblique ventral view; D vulva, oblique dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B, 0.5 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 13. Hippasa deserticola Simon, 1889, genitalia of types of Hippasa madhuae Tikader & Malhotra, 1980 (NZC-ZSI 4665/18 and 4666/18). A–B left pedipalp of allotype male: A prolateroventral view; B ventral view. C–D holotype female genitalia: C epigyne, oblique ventral view; D vulva, oblique dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B, 0.5 mm; C–D, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F440CE2B5DDBFBD6BD1FFC39.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555055/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555055	FIGURE 36. Geographic distribution records of Hippasa deserticola Simon, 1889 in India (Pocock 1900; Gravely 1924; Tikader & Malhotra 1980; Gajbe 2004, 2007; Bastawade 2008).	FIGURE 36. Geographic distribution records of Hippasa deserticola Simon, 1889 in India (Pocock 1900; Gravely 1924; Tikader & Malhotra 1980; Gajbe 2004, 2007; Bastawade 2008).	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F45FCE2A5DDBFBF9B864FD19.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554991/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554991	FIGURE 14. Hippasa himalayensis Gravely, 1924, lectotype female (NZC-ZSI 2268/18). A habitus, dorsal view. B same, ventral view. C epigyne, ventral view. D vulva, dorsal view. E labels from type bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C, 0.2 mm; D, 0.5 mm.	FIGURE 14. Hippasa himalayensis Gravely, 1924, lectotype female (NZC-ZSI 2268/18). A habitus, dorsal view. B same, ventral view. C epigyne, ventral view. D vulva, dorsal view. E labels from type bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C, 0.2 mm; D, 0.5 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F45FCE2A5DDBFBF9B864FD19.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555057/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555057	FIGURE 37. Geographic distribution records of Hippasa himalayensis Gravely, 1924 (dot) and Hippasa olivacea (Thorell, 1887) (star) in India (Gravely 1924; Tikader & Malhotra 1980; Gajbe 2004; Rao et al. 2005; Bastawade 2008).	FIGURE 37. Geographic distribution records of Hippasa himalayensis Gravely, 1924 (dot) and Hippasa olivacea (Thorell, 1887) (star) in India (Gravely 1924; Tikader & Malhotra 1980; Gajbe 2004; Rao et al. 2005; Bastawade 2008).	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F459CE2C5DDBFF5ABA5DFE79.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554995/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554995	FIGURE 15. Hippasa holmerae Thorell, 1895, genitalia of a topotype female specimen deposited in ZSI (NZC-ZSI 2393/17). A epigyne, ventral view. B vulva, dorsal view. C labels from the bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 15. Hippasa holmerae Thorell, 1895, genitalia of a topotype female specimen deposited in ZSI (NZC-ZSI 2393/17). A epigyne, ventral view. B vulva, dorsal view. C labels from the bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F459CE2C5DDBFF5ABA5DFE79.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555059/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555059	FIGURE 38. Geographic distribution records of Hippasa holmerae Thorell, 1895 (dot) and Hippasa loundesi Gravely, 1924 (star) in India (Gravely 1924; Tikader & Malhotra 1980; Tikader & Biswas 1981; present data).	FIGURE 38. Geographic distribution records of Hippasa holmerae Thorell, 1895 (dot) and Hippasa loundesi Gravely, 1924 (star) in India (Gravely 1924; Tikader & Malhotra 1980; Tikader & Biswas 1981; present data).	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F458CE2F5DDBFE39B8CCFD19.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554997/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554997	FIGURE 16. Hippasa loundesi Gravely, 1924, female (NZC-ZSI 2229/18). A habitus, dorsal view. B epigyne, ventral view. C vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B–C, 0.5 mm.	FIGURE 16. Hippasa loundesi Gravely, 1924, female (NZC-ZSI 2229/18). A habitus, dorsal view. B epigyne, ventral view. C vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B–C, 0.5 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F458CE2F5DDBFE39B8CCFD19.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555001/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555001	FIGURE 17. Hippasa loundesi Gravely, 1924, female (ADSH5950252). A habitus, dorsal view. B prosoma showing sternum, ventral view. C left chelicera, ventral view. D epigyne intact, ventral view; E same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; F vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C, 1 mm; D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 0.5 mm.	FIGURE 17. Hippasa loundesi Gravely, 1924, female (ADSH5950252). A habitus, dorsal view. B prosoma showing sternum, ventral view. C left chelicera, ventral view. D epigyne intact, ventral view; E same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; F vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C, 1 mm; D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 0.5 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F458CE2F5DDBFE39B8CCFD19.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555005/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555005	FIGURE 18. Hippasa loundesi Gravely, 1924, genitalia of female (ADSH5950252). A epigyne, ventral view. B vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; FD fertilization duct; LEP lateral epigynal plate; MEP median epigynal plate; S spermatheca; SS spermathecal stalk. Scale bars: A–B, 0.5 mm.	FIGURE 18. Hippasa loundesi Gravely, 1924, genitalia of female (ADSH5950252). A epigyne, ventral view. B vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; FD fertilization duct; LEP lateral epigynal plate; MEP median epigynal plate; S spermatheca; SS spermathecal stalk. Scale bars: A–B, 0.5 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F458CE2F5DDBFE39B8CCFD19.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555059/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555059	FIGURE 38. Geographic distribution records of Hippasa holmerae Thorell, 1895 (dot) and Hippasa loundesi Gravely, 1924 (star) in India (Gravely 1924; Tikader & Malhotra 1980; Tikader & Biswas 1981; present data).	FIGURE 38. Geographic distribution records of Hippasa holmerae Thorell, 1895 (dot) and Hippasa loundesi Gravely, 1924 (star) in India (Gravely 1924; Tikader & Malhotra 1980; Tikader & Biswas 1981; present data).	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F458CE2F5DDBFE39B8CCFD19.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555013/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555013	FIGURE 20. Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900, female (ADSH595026). A habitus, dorsoretrolateral view. B prosoma showing sternum, ventral view. C left chelicera, ventral view. D spinnerets, ventral view. E intact epigyne, ventral view; F same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; G vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C–D, 1 mm; E–G, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 20. Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900, female (ADSH595026). A habitus, dorsoretrolateral view. B prosoma showing sternum, ventral view. C left chelicera, ventral view. D spinnerets, ventral view. E intact epigyne, ventral view; F same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; G vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C–D, 1 mm; E–G, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F458CE2F5DDBFE39B8CCFD19.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555015/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555015	FIGURE 21. Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900, male and female genitalia (ADSH595026). A–C male left pedipalp: A ventral view; B retrolateral view; C embolic division, ventral view. D–E female genitalia: D epigyne, ventral view; E vulva, dorsal view; F same without left spermatheca showing accessory gland, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AT anterior arm of tegular apophysis; C conductor; E embolus; EB embolic base; FD fertilization duct; H hood; LEP lateral epigynal plate; MEP median epigynal plate; MT mesal arm of tegular apophysis; Pa palea; RTP retrolateral process of tegulum; S spermatheca; Se synembolus; SD sperm duct; SS spermathecal stalk; ST subtegulum; T tegulum; TA tegular apophysis. Scale bars: A–B, 0.5 mm; C–F, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 21. Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900, male and female genitalia (ADSH595026). A–C male left pedipalp: A ventral view; B retrolateral view; C embolic division, ventral view. D–E female genitalia: D epigyne, ventral view; E vulva, dorsal view; F same without left spermatheca showing accessory gland, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AT anterior arm of tegular apophysis; C conductor; E embolus; EB embolic base; FD fertilization duct; H hood; LEP lateral epigynal plate; MEP median epigynal plate; MT mesal arm of tegular apophysis; Pa palea; RTP retrolateral process of tegulum; S spermatheca; Se synembolus; SD sperm duct; SS spermathecal stalk; ST subtegulum; T tegulum; TA tegular apophysis. Scale bars: A–B, 0.5 mm; C–F, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F454CE245DDBFF5ABC07FE95.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554947/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554947	FIGURE 1. Field photographs of Hippasa spp. and their webs. A–B, F Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884): A male; B female; F web. C–D, H Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924: C male; D female; H web. E Hippasa pantherina Pocock, 1899, female. G web of Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900. Figures not to scale. Photo credits: A, F–G Pradeep M. Sankaran, B–D, H John T. D. Caleb, E, Jimmy Paul.	FIGURE 1. Field photographs of Hippasa spp. and their webs. A–B, F Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884): A male; B female; F web. C–D, H Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924: C male; D female; H web. E Hippasa pantherina Pocock, 1899, female. G web of Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900. Figures not to scale. Photo credits: A, F–G Pradeep M. Sankaran, B–D, H John T. D. Caleb, E, Jimmy Paul.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F454CE245DDBFF5ABC07FE95.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555007/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555007	FIGURE 19. Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900, male (ADSH595026). A habitus, dorsal view. B prosoma showing sternum, ventral view. C left chelicera, ventral view. D spinnerets, ventral view. E–H left pedipalp: E prolateral; F ventral; G retrolateral; H embolic division, ventral view. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C, E–G, 0.5 mm; D, 1 mm; H, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 19. Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900, male (ADSH595026). A habitus, dorsal view. B prosoma showing sternum, ventral view. C left chelicera, ventral view. D spinnerets, ventral view. E–H left pedipalp: E prolateral; F ventral; G retrolateral; H embolic division, ventral view. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C, E–G, 0.5 mm; D, 1 mm; H, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F454CE245DDBFF5ABC07FE95.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555013/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555013	FIGURE 20. Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900, female (ADSH595026). A habitus, dorsoretrolateral view. B prosoma showing sternum, ventral view. C left chelicera, ventral view. D spinnerets, ventral view. E intact epigyne, ventral view; F same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; G vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C–D, 1 mm; E–G, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 20. Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900, female (ADSH595026). A habitus, dorsoretrolateral view. B prosoma showing sternum, ventral view. C left chelicera, ventral view. D spinnerets, ventral view. E intact epigyne, ventral view; F same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; G vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C–D, 1 mm; E–G, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F454CE245DDBFF5ABC07FE95.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555015/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555015	FIGURE 21. Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900, male and female genitalia (ADSH595026). A–C male left pedipalp: A ventral view; B retrolateral view; C embolic division, ventral view. D–E female genitalia: D epigyne, ventral view; E vulva, dorsal view; F same without left spermatheca showing accessory gland, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AT anterior arm of tegular apophysis; C conductor; E embolus; EB embolic base; FD fertilization duct; H hood; LEP lateral epigynal plate; MEP median epigynal plate; MT mesal arm of tegular apophysis; Pa palea; RTP retrolateral process of tegulum; S spermatheca; Se synembolus; SD sperm duct; SS spermathecal stalk; ST subtegulum; T tegulum; TA tegular apophysis. Scale bars: A–B, 0.5 mm; C–F, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 21. Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900, male and female genitalia (ADSH595026). A–C male left pedipalp: A ventral view; B retrolateral view; C embolic division, ventral view. D–E female genitalia: D epigyne, ventral view; E vulva, dorsal view; F same without left spermatheca showing accessory gland, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AT anterior arm of tegular apophysis; C conductor; E embolus; EB embolic base; FD fertilization duct; H hood; LEP lateral epigynal plate; MEP median epigynal plate; MT mesal arm of tegular apophysis; Pa palea; RTP retrolateral process of tegulum; S spermatheca; Se synembolus; SD sperm duct; SS spermathecal stalk; ST subtegulum; T tegulum; TA tegular apophysis. Scale bars: A–B, 0.5 mm; C–F, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F454CE245DDBFF5ABC07FE95.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555019/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555019	FIGURE 22. Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900, allotype male of Hippasa mahabaleshwarensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980 (NZC- ZSI 4651/18). A habitus, dorsal view. B–C left pedipalp: B ventral view; C retrolateral view. D label from the allotype tube. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B–C, 1 mm.	FIGURE 22. Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900, allotype male of Hippasa mahabaleshwarensis Tikader & Malhotra, 1980 (NZC- ZSI 4651/18). A habitus, dorsal view. B–C left pedipalp: B ventral view; C retrolateral view. D label from the allotype tube. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B–C, 1 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F454CE245DDBFF5ABC07FE95.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555061/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555061	FIGURE 39. Geographic distribution records Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900 in India (Pocock 1900; Gravely 1924; Tikader & Malhotra 1980; Ahmed et al. 2015; present data).	FIGURE 39. Geographic distribution records Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900 in India (Pocock 1900; Gravely 1924; Tikader & Malhotra 1980; Ahmed et al. 2015; present data).	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F454CE245DDBFF5ABC07FE95.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554991/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554991	FIGURE 14. Hippasa himalayensis Gravely, 1924, lectotype female (NZC-ZSI 2268/18). A habitus, dorsal view. B same, ventral view. C epigyne, ventral view. D vulva, dorsal view. E labels from type bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C, 0.2 mm; D, 0.5 mm.	FIGURE 14. Hippasa himalayensis Gravely, 1924, lectotype female (NZC-ZSI 2268/18). A habitus, dorsal view. B same, ventral view. C epigyne, ventral view. D vulva, dorsal view. E labels from type bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C, 0.2 mm; D, 0.5 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F454CE245DDBFF5ABC07FE95.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555021/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555021	FIGURE 23. Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924, syntype male (NZC-ZSI 5224/H2).A habitus, dorsal view. B left chelicera, retrolateral view. C–E left pedipalp: C prolateral view; D ventral view; E retrolateral view. F labels from the syntype tube. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B–E, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 23. Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924, syntype male (NZC-ZSI 5224/H2).A habitus, dorsal view. B left chelicera, retrolateral view. C–E left pedipalp: C prolateral view; D ventral view; E retrolateral view. F labels from the syntype tube. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B–E, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F450CE1B5DDBFE5EB862FC1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554947/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554947	FIGURE 1. Field photographs of Hippasa spp. and their webs. A–B, F Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884): A male; B female; F web. C–D, H Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924: C male; D female; H web. E Hippasa pantherina Pocock, 1899, female. G web of Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900. Figures not to scale. Photo credits: A, F–G Pradeep M. Sankaran, B–D, H John T. D. Caleb, E, Jimmy Paul.	FIGURE 1. Field photographs of Hippasa spp. and their webs. A–B, F Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884): A male; B female; F web. C–D, H Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924: C male; D female; H web. E Hippasa pantherina Pocock, 1899, female. G web of Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900. Figures not to scale. Photo credits: A, F–G Pradeep M. Sankaran, B–D, H John T. D. Caleb, E, Jimmy Paul.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F450CE1B5DDBFE5EB862FC1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555021/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555021	FIGURE 23. Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924, syntype male (NZC-ZSI 5224/H2).A habitus, dorsal view. B left chelicera, retrolateral view. C–E left pedipalp: C prolateral view; D ventral view; E retrolateral view. F labels from the syntype tube. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B–E, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 23. Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924, syntype male (NZC-ZSI 5224/H2).A habitus, dorsal view. B left chelicera, retrolateral view. C–E left pedipalp: C prolateral view; D ventral view; E retrolateral view. F labels from the syntype tube. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B–E, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F450CE1B5DDBFE5EB862FC1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555025/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555025	FIGURE 24. Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924, male (A–F) and female (G–L) (ADSH5950281). A, G habitus, dorsal view. B, H same, frontal view. C, I prosoma showing endites, labium, sternum, ventral view. D, J spinnerets, ventral view. E, K left chelicera, retrolateral view. F, L left tarsus IV showing reduced scopula, lateral view. Scale bars: A, G, 2 mm; B–C, F, H–I, 1 mm; D–E, J, L, 0.5 mm; K, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 24. Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924, male (A–F) and female (G–L) (ADSH5950281). A, G habitus, dorsal view. B, H same, frontal view. C, I prosoma showing endites, labium, sternum, ventral view. D, J spinnerets, ventral view. E, K left chelicera, retrolateral view. F, L left tarsus IV showing reduced scopula, lateral view. Scale bars: A, G, 2 mm; B–C, F, H–I, 1 mm; D–E, J, L, 0.5 mm; K, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F450CE1B5DDBFE5EB862FC1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555027/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555027	FIGURE 25. Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924, male and female genitalia (ADSH5950281). A–C male left pedipalp, D male right pedipalp: A prolateral view; B ventral view; C retrolateral view; D embolic division, ventral view. E–G female genitalia: E intact epigyne, ventral view; F same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; G vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–C, 0.5 mm; D–G, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 25. Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924, male and female genitalia (ADSH5950281). A–C male left pedipalp, D male right pedipalp: A prolateral view; B ventral view; C retrolateral view; D embolic division, ventral view. E–G female genitalia: E intact epigyne, ventral view; F same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; G vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–C, 0.5 mm; D–G, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F450CE1B5DDBFE5EB862FC1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555031/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555031	FIGURE 26. Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924, male and female genitalia (ADSH5950281). A–B male left pedipalp, C male right pedipalp: A ventral view; B retrolateral view; C embolic division, ventral view. D–E female genitalia: D epigyne, ventral view; E vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AT anterior arm of tegular apophysis; C conductor; E embolus; EB embolic base; FD fertilization duct; LEP lateral epigynal plate; LT lamellate process of tegulum; MEP median epigynal plate; MS membranous sheath; MT mesal arm of tegular apophysis; Pa palea; RTP retrolateral process of tegulum; S spermatheca; Se synembolus; SD sperm duct; SS spermathecal stalk; ST subtegulum; T tegulum; TA tegular apophysis; TG tegular groove; TS tegular stalk. Scale bars: A–B, 0.5 mm; C–E, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 26. Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924, male and female genitalia (ADSH5950281). A–B male left pedipalp, C male right pedipalp: A ventral view; B retrolateral view; C embolic division, ventral view. D–E female genitalia: D epigyne, ventral view; E vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AT anterior arm of tegular apophysis; C conductor; E embolus; EB embolic base; FD fertilization duct; LEP lateral epigynal plate; LT lamellate process of tegulum; MEP median epigynal plate; MS membranous sheath; MT mesal arm of tegular apophysis; Pa palea; RTP retrolateral process of tegulum; S spermatheca; Se synembolus; SD sperm duct; SS spermathecal stalk; ST subtegulum; T tegulum; TA tegular apophysis; TG tegular groove; TS tegular stalk. Scale bars: A–B, 0.5 mm; C–E, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F450CE1B5DDBFE5EB862FC1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555063/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555063	FIGURE 40. Geographic distribution records of Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924 (dot) and Hippasa valiveruensis Patel & Reddy, 1993 (star) India (Gravely 1924; Tikader & Malhotra 1980; Patel & Reddy 1993; Sen et al. 2015; present data).	FIGURE 40. Geographic distribution records of Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924 (dot) and Hippasa valiveruensis Patel & Reddy, 1993 (star) India (Gravely 1924; Tikader & Malhotra 1980; Patel & Reddy 1993; Sen et al. 2015; present data).	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F46FCE1B5DDBFBD6BCC0F9EF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555057/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555057	FIGURE 37. Geographic distribution records of Hippasa himalayensis Gravely, 1924 (dot) and Hippasa olivacea (Thorell, 1887) (star) in India (Gravely 1924; Tikader & Malhotra 1980; Gajbe 2004; Rao et al. 2005; Bastawade 2008).	FIGURE 37. Geographic distribution records of Hippasa himalayensis Gravely, 1924 (dot) and Hippasa olivacea (Thorell, 1887) (star) in India (Gravely 1924; Tikader & Malhotra 1980; Gajbe 2004; Rao et al. 2005; Bastawade 2008).	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F46FCE1E5DDBF940BBFAFE7E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554947/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554947	FIGURE 1. Field photographs of Hippasa spp. and their webs. A–B, F Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884): A male; B female; F web. C–D, H Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924: C male; D female; H web. E Hippasa pantherina Pocock, 1899, female. G web of Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900. Figures not to scale. Photo credits: A, F–G Pradeep M. Sankaran, B–D, H John T. D. Caleb, E, Jimmy Paul.	FIGURE 1. Field photographs of Hippasa spp. and their webs. A–B, F Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884): A male; B female; F web. C–D, H Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924: C male; D female; H web. E Hippasa pantherina Pocock, 1899, female. G web of Hippasa lycosina Pocock, 1900. Figures not to scale. Photo credits: A, F–G Pradeep M. Sankaran, B–D, H John T. D. Caleb, E, Jimmy Paul.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F46FCE1E5DDBF940BBFAFE7E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555035/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555035	FIGURE 27. Hippasa pantherina Pocock, 1899, male (A–D) (ADSH59502) and female (E–H) (ADSH59503). A, E habitus, dorsal view. B, F prosoma showing endites, labium, sternum, ventral view. C, G left chelicera, ventral view. D, H spinnerets, ventral view. Scale bars: A–B, D–F, H, 2 mm; C, G, 1 mm.	FIGURE 27. Hippasa pantherina Pocock, 1899, male (A–D) (ADSH59502) and female (E–H) (ADSH59503). A, E habitus, dorsal view. B, F prosoma showing endites, labium, sternum, ventral view. C, G left chelicera, ventral view. D, H spinnerets, ventral view. Scale bars: A–B, D–F, H, 2 mm; C, G, 1 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F46FCE1E5DDBF940BBFAFE7E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555037/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555037	FIGURE 28. Hippasa pantherina Pocock, 1899, male (ADSH59502) and female (ADSH59503) genitalia. A–D male left pedipalp: A prolateral view; B ventral view; C retrolateral view; D embolic division, ventral view. E–G female genitalia: E intact epigyne, ventral view; F same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; G vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–C, E–G, 0.5 mm; D, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 28. Hippasa pantherina Pocock, 1899, male (ADSH59502) and female (ADSH59503) genitalia. A–D male left pedipalp: A prolateral view; B ventral view; C retrolateral view; D embolic division, ventral view. E–G female genitalia: E intact epigyne, ventral view; F same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; G vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–C, E–G, 0.5 mm; D, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F46FCE1E5DDBF940BBFAFE7E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555039/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555039	FIGURE 29. Hippasa pantherina Pocock, 1899, male (ADSH59502) and female (ADSH59503) genitalia. A–C male left pedipalp: A ventral view; B retrolateral view; C embolic division, ventral view. D–E female genitalia: D epigyne, ventral view; E vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AT anterior arm of tegular apophysis; C conductor; E embolus; EB embolic base; FD fertilization duct; LEP lateral epigynal plate; LT lamellate process of tegulum; MEP median epigynal plate; MT mesal arm of tegular apophysis; Pa palea; RTP retrolateral process of tegulum; S spermatheca; Se synembolus; SD sperm duct; SS spermathecal stalk; ST subtegulum; T tegulum; TA tegular apophysis; TG tegular groove. Scale bars: A–B, D–E, 0.5 mm; C, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 29. Hippasa pantherina Pocock, 1899, male (ADSH59502) and female (ADSH59503) genitalia. A–C male left pedipalp: A ventral view; B retrolateral view; C embolic division, ventral view. D–E female genitalia: D epigyne, ventral view; E vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AT anterior arm of tegular apophysis; C conductor; E embolus; EB embolic base; FD fertilization duct; LEP lateral epigynal plate; LT lamellate process of tegulum; MEP median epigynal plate; MT mesal arm of tegular apophysis; Pa palea; RTP retrolateral process of tegulum; S spermatheca; Se synembolus; SD sperm duct; SS spermathecal stalk; ST subtegulum; T tegulum; TA tegular apophysis; TG tegular groove. Scale bars: A–B, D–E, 0.5 mm; C, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F46FCE1E5DDBF940BBFAFE7E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555065/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555065	FIGURE 41. Geographic distribution records of Hippasa pantherina Pocock, 1899 in India (Pocock 1899, 1900; Gravely 1924; Tikader & Malhotra 1980; Gajbe 2004, 2007; Rao et al. 2005; Sen et al. 2015; Dhali et al. 2017; Caleb 2020; present data).	FIGURE 41. Geographic distribution records of Hippasa pantherina Pocock, 1899 in India (Pocock 1899, 1900; Gravely 1924; Tikader & Malhotra 1980; Gajbe 2004, 2007; Rao et al. 2005; Sen et al. 2015; Dhali et al. 2017; Caleb 2020; present data).	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F46FCE1E5DDBF940BBFAFE7E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555001/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555001	FIGURE 17. Hippasa loundesi Gravely, 1924, female (ADSH5950252). A habitus, dorsal view. B prosoma showing sternum, ventral view. C left chelicera, ventral view. D epigyne intact, ventral view; E same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; F vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C, 1 mm; D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 0.5 mm.	FIGURE 17. Hippasa loundesi Gravely, 1924, female (ADSH5950252). A habitus, dorsal view. B prosoma showing sternum, ventral view. C left chelicera, ventral view. D epigyne intact, ventral view; E same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; F vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C, 1 mm; D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 0.5 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F46FCE1E5DDBF940BBFAFE7E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555005/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555005	FIGURE 18. Hippasa loundesi Gravely, 1924, genitalia of female (ADSH5950252). A epigyne, ventral view. B vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; FD fertilization duct; LEP lateral epigynal plate; MEP median epigynal plate; S spermatheca; SS spermathecal stalk. Scale bars: A–B, 0.5 mm.	FIGURE 18. Hippasa loundesi Gravely, 1924, genitalia of female (ADSH5950252). A epigyne, ventral view. B vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; FD fertilization duct; LEP lateral epigynal plate; MEP median epigynal plate; S spermatheca; SS spermathecal stalk. Scale bars: A–B, 0.5 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F46ACE1E5DDBFE3CBD07F821.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555041/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555041	FIGURE 30. Hippasa valiveruensis Patel & Reddy, 1993, female (ADSH595035). A habitus, dorsal view. B prosoma, dorsal view. C prosoma showing sternum, ventral view. D left chelicera, ventroretrolateral view. E spinnerets, ventral view. F intact epigyne, ventral view; G same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; H vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B, E, 0.5 mm; C, 1 mm; D, F–H, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 30. Hippasa valiveruensis Patel & Reddy, 1993, female (ADSH595035). A habitus, dorsal view. B prosoma, dorsal view. C prosoma showing sternum, ventral view. D left chelicera, ventroretrolateral view. E spinnerets, ventral view. F intact epigyne, ventral view; G same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; H vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B, E, 0.5 mm; C, 1 mm; D, F–H, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F46ACE1E5DDBFE3CBD07F821.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555043/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555043	FIGURE 31. Hippasa valiveruensis Patel & Reddy, 1993, genitalia of female (ADSH595035). A epigyne, ventral view. B vulva, dorsal view.Abbreviations:AG accessory gland; FD fertilization duct; LEP lateral epigynal plate; MEP median epigynal plate; S spermatheca; SS spermathecal stalk. Scale bars: A–B, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 31. Hippasa valiveruensis Patel & Reddy, 1993, genitalia of female (ADSH595035). A epigyne, ventral view. B vulva, dorsal view.Abbreviations:AG accessory gland; FD fertilization duct; LEP lateral epigynal plate; MEP median epigynal plate; S spermatheca; SS spermathecal stalk. Scale bars: A–B, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F46ACE1E5DDBFE3CBD07F821.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555063/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555063	FIGURE 40. Geographic distribution records of Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924 (dot) and Hippasa valiveruensis Patel & Reddy, 1993 (star) India (Gravely 1924; Tikader & Malhotra 1980; Patel & Reddy 1993; Sen et al. 2015; present data).	FIGURE 40. Geographic distribution records of Hippasa madraspatana Gravely, 1924 (dot) and Hippasa valiveruensis Patel & Reddy, 1993 (star) India (Gravely 1924; Tikader & Malhotra 1980; Patel & Reddy 1993; Sen et al. 2015; present data).	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F46ACE1E5DDBFE3CBD07F821.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554969/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554969	FIGURE 7. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), male and female genitalia (ADSH595032). A–D male left pedipalp: A prolateral view; B ventral view; C retrolateral view; D embolic division, ventral view. E–G female genitalia: E epigyne intact, ventral view; F same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; G vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–G, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 7. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), male and female genitalia (ADSH595032). A–D male left pedipalp: A prolateral view; B ventral view; C retrolateral view; D embolic division, ventral view. E–G female genitalia: E epigyne intact, ventral view; F same, after clearing in KOH and removing bushy setae, ventral view; G vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–G, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F46ACE1E5DDBFE3CBD07F821.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7554973/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554973	FIGURE 8. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), male and female genitalia (ADSH595032). A–C male left pedipalp: A ventral view; B retrolateral view; C embolic division, ventral view. D–E female genitalia: D epigyne ventral view; E vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations:AGaccessory gland;AT anteriorarmof tegularapophysis; Cconductor;E embolus; EBembolic base; FDfertilization duct; H hood; LEP lateral epigynal plate; LT lamellate process of tegulum; MEP median epigynal plate; MT mesal arm of tegular apophysis; Pa palea; RTP retrolateral process of tegulum; S spermatheca; Se synembolus; SD sperm duct; SS spermathecal stalk; ST subtegulum; T tegulum; TA tegular apophysis; TG tegular groove; TS tegular stalk. Scale bars: A–E, 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 8. Hippasa agelenoides (Simon, 1884), male and female genitalia (ADSH595032). A–C male left pedipalp: A ventral view; B retrolateral view; C embolic division, ventral view. D–E female genitalia: D epigyne ventral view; E vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations:AGaccessory gland;AT anteriorarmof tegularapophysis; Cconductor;E embolus; EBembolic base; FDfertilization duct; H hood; LEP lateral epigynal plate; LT lamellate process of tegulum; MEP median epigynal plate; MT mesal arm of tegular apophysis; Pa palea; RTP retrolateral process of tegulum; S spermatheca; Se synembolus; SD sperm duct; SS spermathecal stalk; ST subtegulum; T tegulum; TA tegular apophysis; TG tegular groove; TS tegular stalk. Scale bars: A–E, 0.2 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F464CE135DDBF924BB84FE79.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555045/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555045	FIGURE 32. Hippasa fabreae Gajbe & Gajbe, 1999, holotype female (NZC-ZSI).A habitus, dorsal view. B epigynal area of the same, ventral view. C tissue from the epigynal area, ventral view. D label from type bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C, 0.1 mm.	FIGURE 32. Hippasa fabreae Gajbe & Gajbe, 1999, holotype female (NZC-ZSI).A habitus, dorsal view. B epigynal area of the same, ventral view. C tissue from the epigynal area, ventral view. D label from type bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C, 0.1 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F467CE135DDBFAE8BA19F8AE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555047/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555047	FIGURE 33. Hippasa hansae Gajbe & Gajbe, 1999, holotype female (NZC-ZSI). A habitus, dorsal view. B same, ventral view. C tissue from the epigynal area, dorsal view. D label from type bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C, 0.5 mm.	FIGURE 33. Hippasa hansae Gajbe & Gajbe, 1999, holotype female (NZC-ZSI). A habitus, dorsal view. B same, ventral view. C tissue from the epigynal area, dorsal view. D label from type bottle. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C, 0.5 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
03B487A7F461CE155DDBFDD5BD41FB9D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7555051/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7555051	FIGURE 34. Hippasa wigglesworthi Gajbe & Gajbe, 1999, holotype female (NZC-ZSI).A habitus, dorsal view. B opisthosoma, ventral view. C piece of tegument over the epigynal area, dorsal view. D label from type bottle. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B–C, 1 mm.	FIGURE 34. Hippasa wigglesworthi Gajbe & Gajbe, 1999, holotype female (NZC-ZSI).A habitus, dorsal view. B opisthosoma, ventral view. C piece of tegument over the epigynal area, dorsal view. D label from type bottle. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B–C, 1 mm.	2023-01-20	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.		Zenodo	biologists	SANKARAN, PRADEEP M.;CALEB, JOHN T. D.			
