taxonID	type	description	language	source
03E487A1606F033AFF4AFB47F609FBB1.taxon	type_taxon	TYPE SPECIES: A. decollatus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896, by monotypy.	en	Dankittipakul, Pakawin, Singtripop, Tippawan (2013): First description of the male of the little-known ant mimicking spider genus Aetius O. Pickard-Cambridge (Araneae: Corinnidae). Revue suisse de Zoologie 120 (4): 575-583, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7560559
03E487A1606F033AFF4AFB47F609FBB1.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS: Aetius can be easily differentiated from other castianeirine genera by a combination of characters: Posterior portion of prosoma protruding, forming a blunt projection hanging over pedicel (Figs 1 - 2, 8) (other castianeirines and trachelines have a tubular projection connected to the pedicel); prosoma relatively flat in females, in male convex, with a broad central plateau which abruptly slopes towards the margin (Figs 1 - 5, 8); similar to Serendib and Sphecotypus in having a strongly recurved PER (Fig. 8), distinguished from Serendib by the broad carapace widest at two thirds of its length and by the absence of paired anterior dorsal spines on the opisthosoma (Figs 2 - 5, 8) (carapace elongate-oval, 1 - 2 pairs of conspicuous spines present on the opisthosoma in Serendib); distinguished from Sphecotypus by lacking a deep excavation behind the cephalic region. The shape of the tegulum in Aetius conforms well to the typical palpal morphology of Castianeirinae males and it is characterized as follows: 1) The pyriform tegulum is distinctly narrowed distally (Figs 12 - 17). 2) The embolus is situated apically (Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001). 3) The subtegulum is generally located retrolaterally (Figs 12, 16) (Haddad, 2004; Reiskind, 1969). However, Bosselaers & Jocqué (2002) described the subtegulum of Castianeirinae as prolaterally and retrolaterally protruding (character 142: 2, found in Copa spp.). This is also the case in Aetius where a poorly defined prolateral part (Fig. 13) and a small retrolateral protrusion of the subtegulum can be seen (Fig. 12; see also Bosselaers & Jocqué, 2002: 250, fig. 3 E). 4) A small retrolateral tibial apophysis is present. Although the absence of the tibial apophysis is considered a synapomorphic character shared among males of the Castianeirinae (Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001; Haddad, 2004; Reiskind, 1969), some species of Asian genera, including Aetius (Fig. 15), Medmassa, Serendib, Sphecotypus, do retain a retrolateral tibial apophysis. 5) A deep and wide depression is situated on the ventral surface of the palpal tibia (Figs 13, 16 - 17). 6) The sperm duct is strongly convoluted (Figs 12, 16). The latter two characters can also be found in males of Serendib. 7) A deep basal notch is found in the retrolateral margin of the cymbium (Fig. 15), a character so far only known in Aetius. In all females of Aetius the heavily sclerotised epigyne (Figs 9 - 10) has a pair of rounded copulatory orifices located medially or posteriorly, the insemination ducts are short, and the large, oval spermathecae are simple, without bursae (Figs 11, 18). In most castianeirines the bursae are indistinct and fused with the spermathecae (Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001). These two structures are represented by a convoluted, thick-walled tube with an anterior enlargement in Pranburia, Castoponera, Corinnomma, and Apochinomma, whereas in Aetius and Serendib the posterior portion of this structure is a simple, straight tube.	en	Dankittipakul, Pakawin, Singtripop, Tippawan (2013): First description of the male of the little-known ant mimicking spider genus Aetius O. Pickard-Cambridge (Araneae: Corinnidae). Revue suisse de Zoologie 120 (4): 575-583, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7560559
03E487A1606C033EFF55FBBAF04EF9C6.taxon	description	Figs 1 - 4, 6 - 18	en	Dankittipakul, Pakawin, Singtripop, Tippawan (2013): First description of the male of the little-known ant mimicking spider genus Aetius O. Pickard-Cambridge (Araneae: Corinnidae). Revue suisse de Zoologie 120 (4): 575-583, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7560559
03E487A1606C033EFF55FBBAF04EF9C6.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE: ♀ (RMNH, examined); Malaysia, Borneo, East Sabah, Danum Valley, primary forest, night collection; 6. - 16. V. 1991; leg. C. L. Deeleman. NEW MATERIAL: 13, 1 ♀ (MHNG); Thailand, Chiang Mai Province, Mae Jaem District, Doi Inthanon National Park, Doi Inthanon, 1260 m, evergreen hill forest behind national park headquarters, near pond (18 ° 32.657 ' N 98 ° 31.482 ' E); 20. VIII. 2006; leg. P. Dankittipakul.	en	Dankittipakul, Pakawin, Singtripop, Tippawan (2013): First description of the male of the little-known ant mimicking spider genus Aetius O. Pickard-Cambridge (Araneae: Corinnidae). Revue suisse de Zoologie 120 (4): 575-583, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7560559
03E487A1606C033EFF55FBBAF04EF9C6.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS: A. nocturnus can be distinguished by the following combination of characters: A short, truncate, posterior tubercle on the carapace in both sexes; opisthosoma with a tuft of white hairs at its rear end; male opisthosoma laterally constricted, female opisthosoma oblong; male palp distinctly elongate distally, with deep basal notch in retrolateral margin of cymbium; elongated, cylindrical embolus longer than bulbous part, with spiniform apex; a triangular RTA present; epigynal region elevated, with copulatory orifices opening posteriorly; spermathecae obtuse, with short, diverging posterior projections and acuminate fertilisation ducts.	en	Dankittipakul, Pakawin, Singtripop, Tippawan (2013): First description of the male of the little-known ant mimicking spider genus Aetius O. Pickard-Cambridge (Araneae: Corinnidae). Revue suisse de Zoologie 120 (4): 575-583, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7560559
03E487A1606C033EFF55FBBAF04EF9C6.taxon	description	NEW MALE: Total length 7.64; prosoma 3.80 long, 2.22 wide; opisthosoma 3.84 long, 1.94 wide. Prosoma (Figs 4, 6, 8): Prosoma subpentagonal, convex, with broad central plateau abruptly sloping towards margin, highest behind ocular region, widest at two thirds of prosomal length, anteriorly with slightly protruded margin, posteriorly with stalk-like tubercle projecting backwards and overhanging pedicel, its apex truncate. Carapace dark chestnut-brown, integument strongly rugous, covered with numerous hairs, each situated on a minute elevation, forming faint radiating striae; fovea forming a broad and shallow depression. Chelicerae vertical, with a group of distomesal hairs; two denticles on each fang groove, promargin with small basal denticles, retromargin with similar-sized denticles situated close to each other. Sternum scutiform, convex, surface marked with numerous punctures, devoid of hairs; lateral margin adorned with short, triangular, sclerotised extensions fitting to coxae; spaces between coxae provided with sclerotised strips extending dorsally into pleural membrane, connecting sternum and carapace; posterior margin of sternum protruding between coxae IV, with a very narrow, digitiform projection. Eyes (Fig. 8): AER straight, occupying half length of anterior margin of carapace; PER strongly recurved, much wider than AER, with PLE situated near lateral margin of carapace. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.10, ALE 0.05, PME 0.08, PLE 0.08, AME-AME 0.14, AME-ALE 0.06, ALE-ALE 0.38, PME-PME 0.16, PME- PLE 0.20, PLE-PLE 0.72. Legs: Measurements: Leg I 8.32 (2.26, 3.00, 1.82, 1.24); II 8.56 (2.48, 2.96, 1.82, 1.30); III 8.20 (2.52, 2.92, 1.80, 0.96); IV 10.92 (3.04, 3.86, 2.60, 1.42). Femora I, III and IV subdistally with one dorsal and one prolateral spine; femur II subdistally with one dorsal spine; anterior tibiae with three pairs of long ventral spines; posterior tibiae with two pairs of long and slender ventral spines; anterior metatarsi with two pairs of long ventral spines; posterior metatarsi with one pair of long and slender ventral spines; tarsi with claw tuft; scopulae indistinct. Opisthosoma (Figs 4, 6, 7): Opisthosoma elongate-ovoid, laterally constricted, gradually widened posteriorly. Dorsal scutum heavily sclerotised, covering entire dorsal surface; epigastric scutum well-developed, extending anteriorly, forming short, grooved collar ring; ventral scutum rectangular, heavily sclerotised, situated between epigastric furrow and additional sclerotised posterior ring around the spinnerets. Palp (Figs 12 - 17): Palpal femur not modified, slightly longer than palpal patella + tibia, with two curved spines at distal end. Palpal patella with one distal spine. Palpal tibia short, with distinct ventral depression; retrolateral tibial apophysis digitiform, weakly sclerotised, represented by transparent lamina; prolaterally with elevated ridge (PR). Cymbium distally elongate, lacking conspicuous spines, baso-retrolaterally strongly excavated, represented by semicircular notch (Fig. 15). Tegulum pyriform; part of subtegulum visible apico-retrolaterally of tegulum (Fig. 12), its prolateral protrusion indistinct (Figs 13, 17); sperm duct strongly convoluted, forming several posterior loops; embolus cylindrical, elongate, forming distal extension of the tegulum, abruptly tapering distally, apex bluntly pointed, almost reaching apex of cymbium. FEMALE HOLOTYPE (Figs 3, 9): For body measurements see Deeleman- Reinhold (2001: 337). Carapace reddish brown, posterior tubercle dark brown. Opisthosoma dark reddish brown, with vague remnant of white pubescence. Dorsal scutum ovoid, almost reaching posterior extremity with a small tuft of white hairs. Ventral scutum rectangular, its anterior margin straight. Genitalia (Fig. 9): Epigyne being part of epigastric scutum, epigynal region heavily sclerotised, represented by elevated, circular mound with two copulatory orifices situated on posterior lateral margin. Epigyne intact, not dissected, internal structure not examined. NEW FEMALE (Figs 10 - 11, 18): General appearance as in male, including leg spination, but distinctly darker; anterior margin of carapace more or less straight, not protruded as in Fig. 8; opisthosoma more robust, posteriorly with tuft of white hairs; remnant of pubescence on dorsal scutum consisting of short hairs situated on wart-like elevations; ventral scutum rectangular, its anterior margin indented medially. Genitalia (Figs 10 - 11, 18): Epigynal region distinctly elevated, with two semicircular copulatory orifices situated posteriorly. Spermathecae ovoid, touching one another, posteriorly with short, diverging tubes and acuminate fertilisation ducts. VARIATION: Preserved specimens from Thailand apparently lost most of their hairs, except for a tuft of white hairs located at the posterior extremity on the female’s opisthosoma. This is also the case in the female holotype (Fig. 3). The coloration and pattern in the original description of A. nocturnus by Deeleman-Reinhold (2001) was presumably documented when the holotype was still alive. Photographs of a live spider from Singapore (Figs 1 - 2) show a similar pattern that conforms well to the original description. These photos were taken of a freshly moulted female.	en	Dankittipakul, Pakawin, Singtripop, Tippawan (2013): First description of the male of the little-known ant mimicking spider genus Aetius O. Pickard-Cambridge (Araneae: Corinnidae). Revue suisse de Zoologie 120 (4): 575-583, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7560559
03E487A1606C033EFF55FBBAF04EF9C6.taxon	biology_ecology	NATURAL HISTORY: All specimens of A. nocturnus were collected in humid forests, suggesting that this species lives in pristine forests of SE Asia.	en	Dankittipakul, Pakawin, Singtripop, Tippawan (2013): First description of the male of the little-known ant mimicking spider genus Aetius O. Pickard-Cambridge (Araneae: Corinnidae). Revue suisse de Zoologie 120 (4): 575-583, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7560559
03E487A1606C033EFF55FBBAF04EF9C6.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION: Borneo, Thailand (new record) and Singapore (new record).	en	Dankittipakul, Pakawin, Singtripop, Tippawan (2013): First description of the male of the little-known ant mimicking spider genus Aetius O. Pickard-Cambridge (Araneae: Corinnidae). Revue suisse de Zoologie 120 (4): 575-583, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7560559
03E487A16069033FFF4AFB30F483F9A5.taxon	description	Fig. 5	en	Dankittipakul, Pakawin, Singtripop, Tippawan (2013): First description of the male of the little-known ant mimicking spider genus Aetius O. Pickard-Cambridge (Araneae: Corinnidae). Revue suisse de Zoologie 120 (4): 575-583, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7560559
03E487A16069033FFF4AFB30F483F9A5.taxon	materials_examined	MATERIAL EXAMINED: One penultimate male, India, original label text in square brackets: [Voy. Carl et Escher, Inde méridionale, Mudumalai, 7 - 9. II], (MHNG, examined).	en	Dankittipakul, Pakawin, Singtripop, Tippawan (2013): First description of the male of the little-known ant mimicking spider genus Aetius O. Pickard-Cambridge (Araneae: Corinnidae). Revue suisse de Zoologie 120 (4): 575-583, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7560559
03E487A16069033FFF4AFB30F483F9A5.taxon	discussion	Note: ' Voy. Carl et Escher' was a zoological expedition by J. Carl and K. Escher to southern India in the winter of 1926 - 1927. Material was collected at Anaimalis, Nilgiris, and Palnis. The hills they visited in these areas are within about 200 miles south and a little west of Bangalore. The Mudumalai National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary lies on the northwestern side of the Nilgiri Hills, in Nilgiri District.	en	Dankittipakul, Pakawin, Singtripop, Tippawan (2013): First description of the male of the little-known ant mimicking spider genus Aetius O. Pickard-Cambridge (Araneae: Corinnidae). Revue suisse de Zoologie 120 (4): 575-583, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7560559
03E487A16069033FFF4AFB30F483F9A5.taxon	discussion	REMARKS: The female holotype was collected from Sri Lanka. The female has a slender opisthosoma with a constriction. The legs are banded. The carapace is dark, with a yellow thoracic region. This pattern conforms well to the juvenile male treated here.	en	Dankittipakul, Pakawin, Singtripop, Tippawan (2013): First description of the male of the little-known ant mimicking spider genus Aetius O. Pickard-Cambridge (Araneae: Corinnidae). Revue suisse de Zoologie 120 (4): 575-583, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7560559
