identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03C88B15FF90FF9F198E6D2B2258FC79.text	03C88B15FF90FF9F198E6D2B2258FC79.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea (Spruce 1884) Stephani 1890	<div><p>Sections of Cheilolejeunea in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province (according to Bastos &amp; Gradstein, 2020)</p> <p>1. Section Cheilolejeunea: C. adnata, C. lineata, C. schiavoneana.</p> <p>2. Section Cyrtolejeunea (A.Evans) Ye et al.: C. holostipa.</p> <p>3. Section Euosmolejeunea (Spruce) Ye et al.: C. discoidea, C. fragrantissima, C. intertexta, C. rigidula, C. trifaria.</p> <p>4. Section Leucolejeunea (A.Evans) Ye et al.: C. unciloba, C. xanthocarpa.</p> <p>5. Section Omphalanthus (Nees) Ye et al.: C. aurifera, C. filiformis, C. jackii, C. ovalis, C. paramicola, C. quinquecarinata, C. tonduzana.</p> <p>6. Section Strepsilejeunea (Spruce) Ye et al.: C. acutangula, C. asperrima, C. comans, C. erostrata, C. inflexa, C. lobulata, C. ornata.</p> <p>7. Section Trachylejeunea (Spruce) C.J.Bastos &amp; Gradst.: C. aneogyna.</p> <p>8. Insertae sedis: C. beyrichii, C. cuspidifera, C. laevicalyx, C. norisiae, C. revoluta. This group contains species that have not yet been sequenced and cannot be assigned to sections with certainty on morphological grounds.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF90FF9F198E6D2B2258FC79	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF90FF9D198E6CD723EFF7CE.text	03C88B15FF90FF9D198E6CD723EFF7CE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea (Spruce 1884) Stephani 1890	<div><p>Cheilolejeunea (Spruce) Stephani (1890: 284). —</p> <p>Lejeunea subg. Cheilolejeunea Spruce (1884: 251):</p> <p>Type:— Lejeunea decidua Spruce (1884: 257). BRAZIL. Amazonas: Manaos, ad fl. Negro ostia, in cortice (MANCH!, lectotype designated by Grolle 1983).—</p> <p>Cheilolejeunea decidua (Evans 1905: 188).</p> <p>Plants small or large, 250–2500 µm wide, light green, yellowish green, orange, light brown, dark brown, or greyish, growing attached to the substrate or hanging on tree trunks and shrub branches; branches Lejeunea - type. Stems in cross section with or without hyalodermis, 80–300 µm in diameter, 7–20 epidermal cells, 8–35 medullary cells; ventral merophyte 2–10 cells wide. Leaves subimbricate to imbricate, convolute, orbicular, ovate, oblong or triangular, margin entire, rarely dentate or ciliate, apex rounded, acute to acuminate; cells orbicular, hexagonal or ovate, plane to mammillose or rarely papillose, on the dorsal side, with often conspicuous trigones, intermediate thickenings absent, few (1–4) and usually large granular oil bodies (filling ca. 60–80% of the cell lumen), and ocelli usually absent (very rare). Lobules never reduced, ovate, rectangular or globose, free margin generally involute, with one or two tooth; first tooth not developed or very small (1–2 cells long), second tooth formed by one to five cells, hyaline papilla on the internal margin of the base of the first tooth; keel arched, smooth or sometimes mammillose or papillose. Underleaves bifid or undivided, 1–6 × stem width, imbricate to distant, margins entire, base cuneate, rounded or auriculate, with almost straight to very deep, U-shaped insertion. Monoicous or dioicous. Androecia commonly on the branches, with 2–6 pairs of strongly inflated bracts. Gynoecia terminal on the main axis or branches, with or without lejeuneoid or pycnolejeuneoid innovations. Perianth terete or 2–5(-10) keels, with or without teeth. Vegetative reproduction by caducous branches or leaves.</p> <p>Notes:—Although almost none of the characteristics that define Cheilolejeunea are constant (Bastos 2017), the genus is characterized by the leaf margins generally entire, lobules normally inflated and never reduced, lobules with frequent reduction of the first tooth, and hyaline papilla positioned distally to the second tooth; cells often with conspicuous trigones, few (1–4) and usually large granular oil bodies (60–80% of the cell lumen), ocelli usually absent (Gradstein et al. 2013, Wilson et al. 2007, Bastos 2017, Gradstein 2021, Gradstein &amp; Reiner-Drehwald 2017).</p> <p>The species generally grow as epiphytes on tree trunks and on the branches of trees and shrubs, less frequently on rocks and rotting logs; rarely observed growing on living leaves or soil (Supplementary material, Table 1). Although no epiphyllous records were found in the studied material, Gradstein (2021) mentioned that Cheilolejeunea acutangula (Nees 1833: 357) Grolle (1979: 173) can be found on living leaves, while Zartman &amp; Ilkiu-Borges (2007) comment that C. holostipa (Spruce 1884: 171) Grolle &amp; Zhu (2001: 1071), C. lobulata (Lindenberg in Gottsche et al. 1845: 353) Gradstein &amp; Bastos (2020: 29), C. trifaria (Reinwardt et al. 1824: 226) Mizutani (1964: 132), and C. rigidula (Montagne 1840: 336) Schuster (1971: 102) occur rarely on leaves in the forests of central Amazon. This explains the fact that no material occurring on leaf was found or studied.</p> <p>Thirty-one species and four varieties are recognized in the study area, representing 56% of the Neotropical diversity and approximately 19% of the global diversity of that genus (Gradstein 2021). All species and varieties occur in the Pacific dominion (Guatuso-Talamanca, Puntarenas-Chiriquí, Chocó-Darién, Guajira, Trinidad, Magdalena, Sabana, Cauca, Galápagos Islands, Western Ecuador, and Ecuadorian provinces) with the exception of Cheilolejeunea erostrata Schuster (1978: 427), which appears to be endemic to the SATZ in the Páramo province, and C. schiavoneana Reiner &amp; Gradstein (2017: 326) the only species endemic to the Pacific dominion, occurring in Cauca province (Supplementary material, Table 1). However, of the total number of taxa found (35 taxa), only nine are shared between the two biogeographic regions (Pacific dominion and Páramo province). These results showed that the diversity of species of Cheilolejeunea cannot delimit the biogeographical dominions, with there being no differences between the species composing the two biogeographical regions (Pacific dominion and SATZ), and that the number of endemic species is low (one species in each region). These results are in agreement with those found by Gradstein (2021) for the Galápagos province, where endemism is high for many plants and animals (Tye et al. 2002, Dal Forno et al. 2017), but not for the genus Cheilolejeunea, which does not have any endemic species in this province. In addition to this, several records that, according to the geographical coordinates, belong to the province of Páramo, actually belong to other provinces, such as Cauca or Magdalena, taking into account aspects such as altitude and type of vegetation (see explanatory notes on the distribution and habitat of the species).</p> <p>Within the Pacific dominion, the Magdalena province has the greatest number of taxa (26), followed by Cauca (23), Puntarenas-Chiriquí (20), and Guatuso-Talamanca (16). Regarding the distribution of species by vegetation type in this dominion, 27 taxa are recorded for the lower montane rainforest (700–2400 m), 20 for the upper montane rainforest (2500–3400 m), and 16 for the lowland rainforest (0–700 m). In general terms, the distribution of Cheilolejeunea species in the Pacific dominion presents a pattern similar to the altitudinal distribution of bryophytes in Colombia (Bernal 2016) and in Ecuador (León-Yanez et al. 2006), where the greatest diversity is found in the montane rainforest of the Andean region (Cauca, Magdalena, and Paramo provinces), decreasing considerably towards the coastal zones and arid regions of the Pacific dominion, such as the provinces of Guajira (12 taxa), western Ecuador (3), and Ecuadorian (2). However, our results partially differ in terms of the distribution of vascular plants of Colombia and Ecuador, where the Andean region presents the greatest diversity in forests below 2000 m (Bernal 2016, Jørgensen &amp; León-Yánez 1999).</p> <p>Regarding the conservation status of the species studied, most of the Cheilolejeunea species reported in both biogeographic regions (Pacific dominion and the Páramo province) were considered non-threatened based on the number of records, the number of localities, and the qualities of the habitats in which they occur. On the one hand, three species of Cheilolejeunea are included in the vulnerable category (VU – D2) in the red book of bryophytes of Colombia (Linares &amp; Uribe 2002): C. aurifera (Schuster 1978: 429) Ye et al. (2015: 325), C. tonduzana (Stephani 1911: 721) Ye et al. (2015: 326), and C. paramicola (Herzog 1934: 95) Ye et al. (2015: 326), as they are known from less than three locations. However, with the realization of this study, and that of Gradstein (2021), these species are currently considered to be of Least Concern (LC), as they are currently known for several countries in South and Central America for more than 10 different localities and are not suffering any type of threat (fire, tourism, agriculture, etc.).</p> <p>In this study, only Cheilolejeunea erostrata, an endemic species of the Venezuelan Andes described 45 years ago (Schuster 1978) and known only from its type locality (Gradstein &amp; Bastos, 2020), is considered here as Critically Endangered (CR-B1a), taking into account its extent of occurrence and number of locations (Hallingbäck et al. 1998, UCN 2001).</p> <p>Cheilolejeunea cuspidifera Bastos et al. (2016: 39), C. ornata Bastos (2011: 86), and C. schiavoneana, three recently described species (after 2011), are considered here as Data Deficient-new (DD-n), a new category created by Sérgio et al. (2007) that includes only recently described or reported taxa.</p> <p>Key to the species of Cheilolejeunea occurring in the Pacific dominion and the Páramo province (SATZ dominion)</p> <p>1. Lobules globose and strongly swollen, free margin inrolled..........................................................................................18. C. lineata</p> <p>- Lobules not globose, free margin involute, but not inrolled..............................................................................................................2</p> <p>2. Lobule apex with two distinct teeth, usually overlapping each other......................................................................... 3. C. aneogyna</p> <p>- Lobule with one tooth.........................................................................................................................................................................3</p> <p>3. Lobule tooth long, acute, hyaline.......................................................................................................................................................4</p> <p>- Lobule tooth short, obtuse, not hyaline (or apparently absent)..........................................................................................................7</p> <p>4. Underleaves undivided..............................................................................................................................................13. C. holostipa</p> <p>- Underleaves bifid................................................................................................................................................................................5</p> <p>5. Ventral merophyte on main stems 4–6 cells wide. Caducous leaf lobes produced on upright flagelliform shoots with densely imbricate underleaves......................................................................................................................................... 27. C. schiavoneana</p> <p>- Ventral merophyte on main stems 2 cells wide. Caducous leaf lobes produced on ordinary leafy shoots with distant underleaves, upright flagelliform shoots lacking....................................................................................................................................................6</p> <p>6. Leaves often with rhizoids at margin. Vegetative reproduction by caducous leaves. Dioicous................ 2.1. C. adnata var. adnata</p> <p>- Leaves without rhizoids at margin. Caducous leaves absent. Autoicous........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2.2. C. adnata var. autoica</p> <p>7. Stems in cross section with hyalodermis............................................................................................................................................8</p> <p>- Stems in cross section without hyalodermis.......................................................................................................................................9</p> <p>8. Leaf apex rounded............................................................................................................................................................................19</p> <p>- Leaf apex sharp to apiculate.............................................................................................................................................................26</p> <p>9. Plants pale glaucous or light green. Underleaves undivided............................................................................................................10</p> <p>- Plants light green to brown. Underleaves undivided or short-bifid..................................................................................................11</p> <p>10. Leaves plane to slightly convex and ventral margin of leaf lobes plane. Lobule tooth 3–5 cells long.......................30. C. unciloba</p> <p>- Leaves strongly convex and ventral margin of leaf lobes involute. Lobule tooth 0–3 cells long........................ 31. C. xanthocarpa</p> <p>11. Plants dioicous, yellowish green to pale brown, never dark brown. Lobules maximally 1/3 × lobe length, subquadrate-trapezoid............................................................................................................................................................................................................12</p> <p>- Plants autoicous, yellowish green to dark brown. Lobules 2/5–1/2 × lobe length, rectangular.......................................................16</p> <p>12. Leaf apex rounded. Underleaves orbicular or wider than long. Perianth usually terete, rarely keeled or angled............................13</p> <p>- Leaf apex obtuse to acuminate. Underleaves clearly longer than wide. Perianth keeled.................................................................15</p> <p>13. Perianth terete...................................................................................................................................11.1. C. filiformis var. filiformis</p> <p>- Perianth keeled.................................................................................................................................................................................14</p> <p>14. Perianth bluntly 4-keeled.............................................................................................................. 11.2. C. filiformis var. platycoleus</p> <p>- Perianth sharply 5-keeled.................................................................................................................... 11.3. C. filiformis var. wallisii</p> <p>15. Leaf apex acuminate. Underleaves short-bifid.................................................................................................................16. C. jackii</p> <p>- Leaf apex obtuse. Underleaves undivided....................................................................................................................... 22. C. ovalis</p> <p>16. Dorsal surface of leaf cells mammillose-papillose; the cells distinctly elevated and the outer wall thickened by a tuberculate papilla............................................................................................................................................................................ 5. C. aurifera</p> <p>- Dorsal surface of leaf cells smooth or mammillose, not papillose...................................................................................................17</p> <p>17. Plants orange brown to dark brown, ascending to pendent. Perianth with 5–6 strong keels and 4–5 additional weaker keels........................................................................................................................................................................................... 23. C. paramicola</p> <p>- Plants pale-colored to dark brown, creeping to ascending, not pendent. Perianth with 5 keels, without keels or with 3–4 rounded keels in the upper half.......................................................................................................................................................................18</p> <p>18. Ventral merophyte 4–6 cells wide. Perianth without keels or 3–4 rounded keels in the upper half. Plants of montane forest and subpáramo.................................................................................................................................................................28. C. tonduzana</p> <p>- Ventral merophyte 2–3 cells wide. Perianth sharply 5-keeled. Plants of páramo..........................................24. C. quinquecarinata</p> <p>19. Ventral merophyte 4–8 cells wide....................................................................................................................................................20</p> <p>- Ventral merophyte 2 cells wide........................................................................................................................................................21</p> <p>20. Underleaves imbricate with apical margin strongly revolute...................................................................................... 25. C. revoluta</p> <p>- Underleaves distal, imbricate to contiguous, apical margin flat...................................................................................... C. valenciae</p> <p>21. Underleaves bifid to 1/4 or 1/5 of length, reniform...........................................................................................12. C. fragrantissima</p> <p>- Underleaves more deeply bifid, orbicular to broadly ovate.............................................................................................................22</p> <p>22. Underleaves 4–6× stem width..........................................................................................................................................................23</p> <p>- Underleaves 1.5–3.5× stem width....................................................................................................................................................24</p> <p>23. Underleaves wider than long. Autoicous.................................................................................................29.2. C. trifaria var. trifaria</p> <p>- Underleaves orbicular. Dioicous..............................................................................................................29.1. C. trifaria var. clausa</p> <p>24. Plants less than 0.6 mm wide. Underleaves less than 2 × stem width..........................................................................9. C. discoidea</p> <p>- Plants 0.6–2 mm wide. Underleaves 2–4 × stem width...................................................................................................................25</p> <p>25. Plants autoicous or paroicous, always fertile, innovations pycnolejeuneoid........................................................... 15. C. intertexta</p> <p>- Plants autoicous or dioicous, innovations lejeuneoid...................................................................................................26. C. rigidula</p> <p>26. Leaf margin toothed, lobed to ciliate-crenate...............................................................................................................20. C. norisiae</p> <p>- Leaf margin entire to crenulate.........................................................................................................................................................27</p> <p>27. Leaf cells strongly mammillose-papillose........................................................................................................................................28</p> <p>- Leaf cells smooth or mammillose, but not papillose........................................................................................................................30</p> <p>28. Ventral merophyte 4–6 cells wide. Leaves imbricate................................................................................................. 4. C. asperrima</p> <p>- Ventral merophyte 2 cells wide. Leaves distant to subimbricate......................................................................................................29</p> <p>29. Plants 0.7–1.5 mm wide. Underleaves 3–4.5 × stem width, insertion line deeply arched............................................ 14. C. inflexa</p> <p>- Plants less than 0.6 mm wide. Underleaves 1.5–2 × stem width, insertion line straight................................................ 21. C. ornata</p> <p>30. Lobules small, 1/5 of the leaf length or less. Underleaves reniform.............................................................................6. C. beyrichii</p> <p>- Lobules more 1/5 of the leaf length. Underleaves ovate, obovate or orbicular, not reniform..........................................................31</p> <p>31. Plants 1–2 mm wide.........................................................................................................................................................................32</p> <p>- Plants less than 1 mm wide..............................................................................................................................................................33</p> <p>32. Lobules about 1/2 of leaf length................................................................................................................................. 10. C. erostrata</p> <p>- Lobules 1/3–2/5 of leaf length...................................................................................................................................17. C. laevicalyx</p> <p>33. Underleaves distant, 1.5–2.5 × stem width.................................................................................................................. 19. C. lobulata</p> <p>- Underleaves distant or contiguous, 2.5–4 × stem width...................................................................................................................34</p> <p>34. Leaf cells smooth, underleaf bases cuneate. Innovations lejeuneoid............................................................................. 8. C. comans</p> <p>- Leaf cells mammillose-papillose, underleaf bases auriculate. Innovations pycnolejeuneoid.................................. 1. C. acutangula</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF90FF9D198E6CD723EFF7CE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF93FF92198E6F8C27C9FE7F.text	03C88B15FF93FF92198E6F8C27C9FE7F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea acutangula (Nees 1833) Grolle 1979	<div><p>1. Cheilolejeunea acutangula (Nees) Grolle (1979: 173).—</p> <p>Jungermannia acutangula Nees (1833: 357).</p> <p>Type:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais, in Minis Generalibus, et ad Mandioccam in Serra dos Org„os, ad terram et super muscus effusa denso caespite, Martius s.n. (STR, lectotype designated by Gradstein 2021).— Fig. 2A–H.</p> <p>Cheilolejeunea choachina (Gottsche) Gradst., syn. fide Gradstein &amp; Bastos (2021)</p> <p>Plants yellowish green to light brown, 0.9–1.0 mm wide. Stems in cross section 80–100 µm in diameter, (7–)8 epidermal cells, 17–26 × 8.5–13.5 µm; (9–)11–15 medullary cells, 9–16 × 5–11 µm. Ventral merophytes 2 cells wide. Leaves subimbricate to more commonly imbricate, ovate-elongate, flat to slightly recurved at apex, 280–550 × 200–450 µm; margin entire; apex rounded to more commonly apiculate; dorsal and ventral margin curved; cells orbicular to ovate, mammillose on the dorsal side and with a low papilla (see Gradstein 2021, Gradstein &amp; Bastos 2022), trigones usually conspicuous; basal cells 22–33 × 15–23 µm, median cells 16–26 × 13–22 µm, marginal cells 10–17 × 8–16 µm. Lobules fully inflated, ovate to rectangular, 1/3–2/5 of leaf length, free margin involute, tooth acute, formed by an elongated cell; keel arched. Underleaves usually distant to subimbricate, widely orbicular obovate, 220–300 × 200–330 µm, 2.5–3.5 × stem width, bifid to 1/4–1/3, with a V-shaped sinus, margin entire, insertion curved. Autoicous. Androecia on the main stem, or at the apex of branches, 4–6 pairs of bracts. Gynoecia with pycnolejeuneoid innovations, bracts obovate, 700 × 550 µm, apex acute. Perianth 5-keeled, the keels weak to very strong, beak short.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Neotropical (Mexico, Cuba, Dominica, Guadalupe, Jamaica, Panamá, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Brazil). In general, widespread in South America (Gradstein &amp; Bastos 2021). In the study area from 500 to 4400 m (Gradstein &amp; Bastos 2021), in the provinces Guatuso-Talamanca, Puntarenas-Chiriquí, Guajira, Magdalena, Cauca, and Venezuelan of Pacific dominion, and Páramo province in SATZ (Fig. 3), on trunks and branches of trees and shrubs, and rocks, in savanna and deciduous forest, lowland rainforest, lower and upper montane rainforest, and grass páramos.</p> <p>Notes:—The species is characterized by medium-sized plants (0.9-1 mm wide), ventral merophyte 2 cells wide, ovate-elongate leaves with mostly apiculate apices, rectangular lobules with the second tooth formed by an elongated cell, underleaves widely orbicular to obovate, distant to subimbricate, and pycnolejeuneoid innovations. The species is morphologically similar to C. lobulata, however, the lobule in the latter species is smaller (1.5–2 × stem width), and the lobule apex is obtuse (see Gradstein &amp; Bastos 2021).</p> <p>Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Poços de Caldas, Morro S „o Domingo, 1350 m, 20 April 1991, Schäfer-Verwimp 14418 (RB). Santa Catarina: Blumenau, Parque Municipal S „o <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-49.075&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.920834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -49.075/lat -27.920834)">Francisco de Assis</a>, 27°55’15”S, 49°4’30”W, 74 m, Dias 83 (RB). Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro, Corcovado, 22°57’6”S, 43°12’42”W, 645 m, 12 April 2016, Santos 418 (RB); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-43.211666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.963057" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -43.211666/lat -22.963057)">Parque Estadual da Chacrinha</a>, 22°57’47”S, 43°10,57”N, 23 Mach 2016, Mauad 386 (RB). São Paulo: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-46.4975&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.889723" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -46.4975/lat -23.889723)">Cubat</a> „o, 23°53’23”S, 46°29’51”W, 130 m, 19 October 2016, Prudêncio 180 (RB). COLOMBIA. Magdalena: Santa Marta, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-74.036385&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=11.094444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -74.036385/lat 11.094444)">Cuchilla de San Lorenzo</a>, 11°05’40”N, 74°02’11”W, 1800 m, 17 January 1967, Winkler C123 (COL). Santander: El Hato, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.358025&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.5959444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.358025/lat 6.5959444)">Hoya Negra</a>, 6°35’45.4”N, 73°21’28.9”W, 2203 m, 1 March 2018, Cuta-Alarcón &amp; Gil-Novoa 424 (UPTC). ECUADOR. El Oro: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-79.73333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.65" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -79.73333/lat -3.65)">Piñas</a>, 03°39’S, 79°44’W, 960 m, 17 March 2012, Schäfer-Verwimp 32944/ B (QCA). PANAMA. Chiriquí: Gualaca, 1200 m, Salazar-A. 560 p. p., 525p. p. (PMA). Colón: Portobelo, Salazar-A. 868 (PMA).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF93FF92198E6F8C27C9FE7F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF9DFF92198E6ED1269BFA27.text	03C88B15FF9DFF92198E6ED1269BFA27.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea adnata var. adnata (Lehmann) Grolle 1977	<div><p>2.1. Cheilolejeunea adnata (Lehmann) Grolle (1977: 529) var. adnata —</p> <p>Jungermannia adnata Lehmann (1834: 46).</p> <p>Type:— CUBA. In caduce Oreodoxae regiae, Pöppig s.n. (W, lectotype designated by Grolle 1977).— Fig. 2I–M.</p> <p>Plants yellowish green to light brown, 0.6–0.9 mm wide. Stems in cross section 60–100 µm in diameter, 7–8 epidermal cells, 16–28 × 10–14 µm; 9–10 medullary cells, 9–16 × 5–11 µm. Ventral merophytes 2 cells wide. Leaves subimbricate to imbricate, generally orbicular to ovate, fully flat, 415–500 × 350–500 µm; margin entire; apex broadly rounded; cells orbicular to ovate, cuticle smooth, inconspicuous trigones; basal cells 22–27 × 15–21 µm, median cells 18–29 × 16–20 µm, marginal cells 11–16 × 9–11 µm. Lobules rectangular to ovate, 1/4 leaf length, free margin involute, tooth acute, formed by a cell long, straight to slightly curved, 10 × 25 µm, keel arched. Underleaves distant, orbicular, 1.5–2.5 x wider than the stem, 150–210 × 80–160 µm, bifid to 1/3–1/2, with a V-shaped sinus, margin entire, base cuneate. Dioicous. Androecia on branches, with 5 pairs of bracts. Gynoecia on branches, with a lejeuneoid innovation (sometimes absent), bracteoles obovate, 620 × 390 µm, bifid to 1/8. Perianth 3-keeled, the keels weak, beak short. Vegetative reproduction by means of caducous leaves with hyaline rhizoids on the margin.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Neotropical, occurring in the Caribbean islands, Costa Rica, Panamá, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador (Gradstein 2020, 2021), Guyana, Suriname, and Brazil (Bastos 2017). In the study area, generally grows epiphytic on tree trunks and shrubs, below 2000 m, in the lowland rainforest and lower montane rainforest, in the Puntarenas-Chiriquí, Guatuso-Talamanca, Trinidad, Magdalena, Cauca, Chocó-Darién, and Venezuelan provinces of Pacific dominion (Fig. 3).</p> <p>Notes:—The species is easily distinguished by the presence of deciduous leaves with rhizoids on their margin, lobules ca. 1/4 of the length of the leaf, with a prominent tooth, and distant underleaves, slightly wider than the stem, orbicular, with cuneate bases.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Acre: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.56389&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-8.936389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.56389/lat -8.936389)">Alto Juruá</a>, 8°56’11”S, 72°33’50”W, 28 November 2000, Costa 3904 (RB). Pernambuco: Recife, Dois Irm „os, 50 m, 3 August 1998, Costa 3366 (RB). COLOMBIA. Amazonas: Comunidad “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.13333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.56666666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.13333/lat -0.56666666)">Peña Roja</a> ”, 0°34’S, 72°08’W, 200 m, 14 July 2000, Idárraga, 2477 (HUA). Antioquia: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.416504&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=7.5598254" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.416504/lat 7.5598254)">Tarazá</a>, 7°33’35.37”N, 75°24’59,41”W, 199 m, February 2017, Buitrago 609439 (COL). Cauca: Guapi, Isla Gorgona, 20 m, 11 November 1987, Aguirre-C. 6747 (COL). COSTA RICA: Guanacaste. Liberia, National Park Rincon de la Vieja, Trockenwald, 750-800 m, 1 Juary 2000, Schäfer-Verwimp &amp; Holz SV /H-0405 (ALCB). PANAMÁ. Barro Colorado: Barro Colorado Island, 120 m, Salazar-A. 15142 (QCA). SURINAME. Nickerie: 5°N, 57°W, 150 m, Bekker 1355a (PMA).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF9DFF92198E6ED1269BFA27	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF9DFF91198E6AE925E9FD63.text	03C88B15FF9DFF91198E6AE925E9FD63.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea adnata var. autoica Gradstein & Ilkiu-Borges 2009	<div><p>2.2. Cheilolejeunea adnata var. autoica Gradstein &amp; Ilkiu-Borges (2009: 64).</p> <p>Type:— FRENCH GUIANA. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-53.183334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=3.1166666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -53.183334/lat 3.1166666)">Sa</a> ̧l, 53°11’W, 3°7’N, trail 3 in lowland rainforest, 200–400 m, on rotten log in much light, 26 June 1986, J.M. Bekker 2233-1 (holotype GOET).— Fig. 2N–V. Cheilolejeunea larsenii Mizutani (in Hattori &amp; Mizutani 1969: 95), syn. fide Bastos &amp; Gradstein (2020)</p> <p>Plants dark brown to yellowish brown, 0.5–1.3 mm wide. Stems in cross section 60–110 µm in diameter, 7–8 epidermal cells in cross section, 16–30 × 12–18 µm; 9–10 medullary cells, 8–15 × 7–12 µm. Ventral merophytes 2 cells wide. Leaves imbricate, orbicular to ovate, fully flat, 440–680 × 340–500 µm; margin entire, apex rounded; cells smooth, inconspicuous trigones, intermediate thickenings frequent; basal cells ovate 25–35 × 18–30 µm, median cells 18–32 × 17–25 µm, marginal cells 11–15 × 6–9 µm. Lobules 1/5–1/4 the length of the lobe, bottle-shaped, free margin strongly involute, keel straight to slightly arched, apex with a tooth formed by one long and acute cell. Underleaves distant, suborbicular, 1.5–2.5 x wider than the stem, 220–270 × 170–240 µm, bifid to 1/3–1/2, with a V-shaped sinus, margin entire, base cuneate. Autoicous. Androecia terminal on short or long branch, 3–6 pairs of bracts globose. Gynoecia on short or long branch, without innovations, bracts oblong-obovate, 450 × 330 µm, apex rounded; bracteole oblong-obovate 480 × 250µm, margin entire, bilobed ca. 2/5 its length. Perianth with 4–5 keels, beak short. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Pantropical, occurring in Venezuela, Guyana, Brazil (Bastos 2017), Central and South Africa, India, and Southeast Asia (Shu et al. 2015); recorded here as new to Panamá. In the study area, the species has been reported for the Puntarenas-Chiriquí province of Pacific dominion, growing in lower montane rainforest, between 1100–2390 m. The record of C. adnata var. autoica occurring in the Páramo (Fig. 3), actually belongs to the Guajira province.</p> <p>Notes:—The variety is very similar to var. adnata, but differs by the absence of caducous leaves and autoicous sexuality. It was initially described by Gradstein &amp; Ilkiu-Borges (2009) and elevated to species level by Shu et al. (2015) and synonymous with C. larsenii, a species described from Thailand. Bastos &amp; Gradstein (2020) again reduced it to varietal level, as they did not consider the differences with C. adnata sufficient for C. larsenii to be recognized as a different species.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. São Paulo: Ubatuba, 16 February 2004, Yano et al. 26946 (SP). Pernambuco: Cabo, 14 November 1984, Yano &amp; Porto 9180 (SP). Espírito Santo: Santa Tereza, 23 November 1982, Yano et al. 4911 (SP). PANAMÁ. Chiriquí: Boquete, 3 September 1940, Svilha 425 (NY). VENEZUELA. Táchira: Parque Nacional El Tamá, 02 March 1976, Schuster &amp; Ruiz-Terán 76-2294 (F).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF9DFF91198E6AE925E9FD63	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF9EFF91198E6DAE259DF92B.text	03C88B15FF9EFF91198E6DAE259DF92B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea aneogyna (Spruce 1884) Evans 1900	<div><p>3. Cheilolejeunea aneogyna (Spruce) Evans (1900: 440).—</p> <p>Lejeunea aneogyna Spruce (1884: 254).</p> <p>Type:— VENEZUELA. San Carlos, in ramulis et mortuis, R. Spruce L103 (MANCH!, lectotype designated by Grolle 1979).— Fig. 2W –CC.</p> <p>Cheilolejeunea assurgens (Spruce 1884: 256) Stephani (1914: 651), syn. fide Bastos (2012a).</p> <p>Plants dark brown to yellowish brown, often 0.9 mm wide. Stems in cross section 60–80 µm in diameter, 7–8 epidermal cells in cross section, 16–20 × 7–11 µm; 9–10 medullary cells, 8–11 × 4–7 µm. Ventral merophytes 2 cells wide. Leaves subimbricate, orbicular to ovate, fully flat to slightly recurved at the apex, 440–480 × 340–400 µm; margin entire, apex rounded; cells smooth, inconspicuous trigones; basal cells ovate, 19–24 × 12–17 µm, median cells 15–20 × 9–14 µm, marginal cells 10–14 × 9–11 µm. Lobules ovoid to almost rectangular, ca. 1/4 of leaf length, with two teeth prominent and obtuse, usually overlapping each other; free margin slightly involute, keel arched. Underleaves distant to contiguous, orbicular to ovate, 2–3 x wider than the stem, 200–260 × 180–240 µm, bifid to 1/3, with a V-shaped sinus, margin entire, base cuneate. Autoicous. Androecia on short-specialized branches or intercalary on long shoots, 3–6 pairs of bracts. Gynoecia on branches, without innovations, bracts obovate, 350 × 200 µm, apex rounded, lobule 120 × 230 µm, bracteole ovate, slightly smaller than bracts, bifid to 1/8. Perianth with 4 prominent keels at the apex, beak short. Vegetative reproduction by caducous leaves.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Neotropical, occurring in Panamá, Colombia, Bolivia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Brazil, and Jamaica (Bastos 2017, Campos et al. 2014, Schäfer-Verwimp et al. 2013). In the study area, this species generally grows on tree trunks, in lowland rainforest and lower montane rainforest, between 20–800(–1400) m, in GuatusoTalamanca, Magdalena, and the Ecuadorian provinces of Pacific dominion (Fig. 3).</p> <p>Notes:—Characterized by the presence of two lobule teeth, with the first tooth usually covering the second tooth (requiring observation of many lobules). Bastos &amp; Gradstein (2020) described a new variety, C. aneogyna var. riparia, characterized by dioicous sexuality and pycnolejeuneoid innovations, and being restricted to Amazonian forests. This variety might possibly occur in the study area as well but has not yet been recorded there.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Amazonas: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.013054&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.0608332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.013054/lat -3.0608332)">Manaus</a>, 3°03’39”S, 60°00’47”W, 90 m, 8 August 1974, Griffin III 772 (COL). São Paulo: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-46.56278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-24.012777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -46.56278/lat -24.012777)">Praia Grande</a>, 24°0’46”S, 46°33’46”W, 20-780 m, 25 August 2016, Prudêncio 86 (RB). COLOMBIA. Amazonas: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.13333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.56666666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.13333/lat -0.56666666)">Comunidad</a> “Peña Roja”, 0°34’S, 72°08’W, 200 m, 14 July 2000, Idárraga 24318, 2432, 2442, 2482 (HUA). Antioquia: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-74.41503&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.700805" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -74.41503/lat 6.700805)">Yondó</a>, 6°42’2.9” N, 74°24’54.1” W, 109 m, 26 November 2017, Larrota 10897 (COL). Cundinamarca: Guaduas, 1388 m, 1 September 2017, Malagón 850 (COL). ECUADOR. Guayas: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-79.64833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.81" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -79.64833/lat -2.81)">Camacho</a>, 2°48.6’S, 79°38.9’W, 100 m, 14 March 2012, Schafer-Verwimp s.n. (QCA).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF9EFF91198E6DAE259DF92B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF9EFF97198E69E62209FD3B.text	03C88B15FF9EFF97198E69E62209FD3B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea asperrima (Stephani) Grolle 1985	<div><p>4. Cheilolejeunea asperrima (Stephani) Grolle (1985: 197).—</p> <p>Taxilejeunea asperrima Stephani (1916: 259).</p> <p>Type:— BOLIVIA. An der Waldgrenze ̧ber Tablas, 3.400 m, T. Herzog 2907 (holotype G-00112006).— Fig. 4A–G.</p> <p>Plants light brown, dark brown or greenish gray, 0.7–9.0 mm wide. Stems in cross section 120–150 µm in diameter, 16–18 epidermal cells, 22–30 × 13–17 µm; 30–36 medullary cells, 14–21 × 21–14 µm. Ventral merophytes 4–6(–7) cells wide. Leaves imbricate, ovate to obovate, flat or recurved at the apex, 850–900 × 600–650 µm; margin entire, apex acute; cells strongly mammillose-papillose, large trigones; basal cells 30–40 × 24–27 µm, median cells 27–35 × 20–26 µm, marginal cells 10–16 × 10–14 µm. Lobules rectangular, 2/5–1/3 of leaf length, with one short tooth, 1–2 cells length, free margin flat, keel slightly arched. Underleaves imbricate, orbicular, 500–550 × 700–750 µm, 6–8 × stem width, weakly bifid, ca. 1/7 of underleaf length; insertion U-shaped. Autoicous. Androecia unknown. Gynoecia on branches, with lejeuneoid innovations, bracts obovate, 840 × 550 µm, apex rounded, lobule 480 × 160 µm, apex acuminate. Perianth without keels or slightly keeled, beak absent or very short. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Neotropical, occurring in Costa Rica (Schäfer-Verwimp et al. 2014), Venezuela, and Bolivia (Bastos, 2017), Colombia (Gradstein &amp; Uribe, 2016), and recorded here as new to Ecuador, where its occurrence was already predicted (Gradstein 2021). This species grows hanging on tree trunks and branches in the study area, mainly in upper montane rainforest and grass páramos, between 2500–3550 m, in the Magdalena and Cauca provinces of the Pacific dominion, and the Páramo province of SATZ (Fig. 5).</p> <p>Notes:—This species can be recognized by its brown or greenish gray color, ovate leaves with an apex acute, leaf cells very prominently mammillose-papillose, underleaves very shallowly bifid (to 1/7 of leaf length), ventral merophyte 4–6 cells wide, and perianth without keels. Female plants are common but androecia are still unknown. The species can be confused with C. laevicalyx, which differs by its narrower, 2–4 cells wide ventral merophyte, cells slightly mammillose, and underleaves more deeply bifid, to 1/4–1/3 of leaf length.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— COLOMBIA. Antioquia: Belmira, 3150 m, 13 November 1999, Benavidez 961 (HUA). Boyacá: Aquitania, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.70252&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.5085" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.70252/lat 5.5085)">Páramo de Franco</a>, 05°30’30.6”N, 72°42’9.1”W, 3474 m, 24 March 2015, Gil-Novoa 3217 (UPTC). Chinavita, Páramo de Mamapacha, 3200 m, 23 March 2002, Zipa 323 A, 353 (UPTC). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.70286&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.7461667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.70286/lat 5.7461667)">Mongua</a>, 5°44’46.2”N, 73°42’10.3”W, 3230 m, 16 March 2015, Gil-Novoa 3056, 3084 (UPTC). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.17142&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.471083" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.17142/lat 5.471083)">Siachoque</a>, 5°28’15.9”N, 73°10’17.1”W, 3527 m, 13 November 2014, Gil-Novoa 2440, 3425 (UPTC). ECUADOR: Zamora– Chinchipe: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-79.07056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.9716668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -79.07056/lat -3.9716668)">Reserva Biológica San Francisco</a>, 03°58’18”S, 79°04’14”W, 1900–3000 m, May 2001, Holz 544 (QCA).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF9EFF97198E69E62209FD3B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF98FF97198E6C1526B4F94F.text	03C88B15FF98FF97198E6C1526B4F94F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea aurifera (Schuster) Ye 2015	<div><p>5. Cheilolejeunea aurifera (Schuster) Ye et al. (2015: 325).—</p> <p>Aureolejeunea aurifera Schuster (1978: 429).</p> <p>Type:— VENEZUELA. Mérida: Sierra de Santo Domingo, Sierra de Santo Domingo, between Lagunita verde and Laguna Los Patos, on trunk of a large Espeletia humbertii, 3700 m, 1 February 1976, R.M. Schuster &amp; L. Ruíz-Terán 76-945 (holotype F!).— Fig. 4H–N.</p> <p>Plants light brown, 1.7–2 mm wide. Stems in cross section 120–130 µm in diameter, 16 epidermal cells 60–110 × 30–45 µm; 16 medullary cells, 40–60 × 20–40 µm. Ventral merophytes 4 cells wide. Leaves imbricate, ovate, flat to strongly concave at the apex, 950–1000 × 700–800 µm; margin entire to slightly crenulated for mammilla projection, apex rounded; dorsal and ventral margins curve. Cells of leaf lobe mammillose-papillose on dorsal side, conspicuous trigones; basal cells 15–21 × 12–14 µm, median cells 11–18 × 8–11 µm, marginal cells 7–12 × 7–9 µm. Lobules rectangular, 1/3–1/2 of leaf length, free margin flat, usually ending in a tooth with triangle shape, formed by 2–5 cells at the base and 2–3 cells long, keel slightly arched. Underleaves imbricate, covering up to 1/3 of the adjacent underleaf, orbicular to ovate, 500–550 × 700–750 µm, 6–8 × stem width, margin fully entire; insertion U-shaped. Autoicous. Androecia not seen. Gynoecia on branches, with lejeuneoid innovations, bracts obovate, 840 × 550 µm, apex rounded, lobule 480 × 160 µm, apex acuminate. Perianth 5-keeled, beak long. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Neotropical, occurring in Dominican Republic, Costa Rica, Panamá, Colombia, and Venezuela (Bastos 2017, Schuster 1978). In the study area this species grows hanging on tree trunks and branches, in upper montane rainforest, grass páramos, and shrub and cushion páramos, between 3200–4160 m (Gradstein, 2021), in the Puntarenas-Chiriquí province in the Pacific dominion and the Páramo province of SATZ (Fig. 5).</p> <p>Notes: —The species is characterized by the plants robust, ventral merophyte which is 4 cells wide, cells mammillose-papillose, underleaves entire, and perianth with 5 keels. The species is morphologically similar to C. quinquecarinata, but it differs mainly by the leaf margin slightly crenulate due to the presence of mammillose-papillose cells and the broader ventral merophyte.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— COLOMBIA. Boyacá: Chinavita, 3350 m, Zipa 259 A (UPTC). Cundinamarca: Páramo de Sumapaz, 3800 m, Cleef 1700 (COL). PANAMÁ. Bocas del Toro: Changuinola, 3200 m, De García 376 p. p. (PMA). VENEZUELA. Merida: Rangel, Sierra de Santo Domingo, 3700 m, 1 February 1976, Schuster 76-912, 946b (F).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF98FF97198E6C1526B4F94F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF98FF96198E69C1232EFC3F.text	03C88B15FF98FF96198E69C1232EFC3F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea beyrichii (Lindenberg) Reiner 2006	<div><p>6. Cheilolejeunea beyrichii (Lindenberg) Reiner (2006: 474).—</p> <p>Lejeunea beyrichii Lindenberg (in Gottsche et al. 1845: 371).</p> <p>Type:— BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: Serra da Estrela, Beyrich s.n. (holotype W, isotype G-53144).— Fig. 4O–U.</p> <p>Plants light brown to green, 1.5–1.6 mm wide. Stems in cross section 100–115 µm in diameter, (7–)8 epidermal cells, 17–26 × 8.5–13.5 µm, (9)11–15 medullary cells, 9–16 × 5–11 µm. Ventral merophytes 4–6 cells wide. Leaves subimbricate, ovate-elongated, flat to slightly recurved at the apex, 840–860 × 580–600 µm; margin entire, apex obtuse, dorsal and ventral margin curved; cells orbicular to elongate, mammillose on the dorsal side, trigones large; basal cells 22–28 × 16–19 µm, median cells 17–30 × 13–20 µm, marginal cells 9–12 × 9–12 µm. Lobules small, 1/5 or less of leaf length, trapezoid, with a short tooth, free margin involute, keel straight. Underleaves subimbricate, reniform, 420–440 × 580–610 µm, 4.5–5 × stem width, short bifid, 1/4–1/5 of underleaf length, V-shaped sinus, lobules straight to connivent, margin entire, base cuneate to rounded. Autoicous. Androecia commonly terminal on the main stem or branch, 4–6 pairs of bracts. Gynoecia on branches, with pycnolejeuneoid innovations, bracts obovate, 700 × 550 µm, apex acute. Perianth 5-keeled, keels slightly to very strongly developed, beak short. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Neotropical, occurring in Guatemala, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Perú, and Brazil (Bastos 2017, Reiner-Drehwald 2006). This species grows in the study area as an epiphyte on tree trunks and rocks, in lower and upper montane rainforest, between 1000–2500 m, in the provinces Puntarenas-Chiriquí, GuatusoTalamanca, Choco-Darien, Magdalena, Cauca, and Guajira of the Pacific dominion.The record of C. beyrichii occurring in the Páramo (Fig. 6), actually belongs to the Cauca province.</p> <p>Notes:—This species can be recognized by having a ventral merophyte 4–6 cells wide, leaves ovate with an obtuse apex, and underleaves generally reniform, shortly bifid. Morphologically it is very similar to C. fragrantissima, which differs mainly by the ventral merophyte being 2 cells wide (vs 4-6 cells wide in C. beyrichii) and the rounded leaf apex.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Amazonas: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-66.833336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.33333334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -66.833336/lat -0.33333334)">Serra Curicuriari</a>, 450 m, 00°20’S, 66°50’W, 9-12 July 1979, Schuster 79-15-791 (NY). COLOMBIA. Boyacá: Duitama, vereda “El Volcán”, 2200 m, 27 October 1988, Schuster 88-1008 (COL); Santa María, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.29972&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.8588886" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.29972/lat 4.8588886)">Vereda Caño Negro</a>, 4°51’32”N, 73°17’ 59”W, 1700–1800 m, 5 October 2003, Uribe-M. 4152 (COL). Cauca: Isla Gorgona, 26 November 1988, Schuster 88-1555 (F). Huila: Acevedo, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.10445&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.6058334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.10445/lat 1.6058334)">Macizo Colombiano</a>, 1°36’21”N, 76°6´16”W, 1800 m, 29 June 2001, Castillo 2461d, 2520g (HUA), 2466a, 2457d (COL). Santander: Charalá, corregimiento Virolín, 1725 m, 25 October 1988, Ireland 23511 (NY). ECUADOR: Zamora – Chinchipe: Valle del río San Francisco, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-79.07056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.9716668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -79.07056/lat -3.9716668)">Reserva Biológica San Francisco</a>, 03°58’18”S, 79°04’14”W, 1800 m, May 2000, I. Holz 108, 196, 326, 356 (QCA); Parque Nacional Podocarpus, 4°06-07’ S, 78°58-59’ W, 1250 m, 21 March 2012, SchaferVerwimp 33054 (QCA). VENEZUELA. Bolivar: Canaima National Park, 1000 m, 21 August 1987, Thiers 5175 (NY); bosque alto húmedo montañoso, 1220–1275 m, 6–7 January 1964, Steyermark et al. 92797, 92800 (NY).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF98FF96198E69C1232EFC3F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF99FF96198E6B112773F82F.text	03C88B15FF99FF96198E6B112773F82F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea comans (Spruce) Schuster 1980	<div><p>7. Cheilolejeunea comans (Spruce) Schuster (1980a: 431).—</p> <p>Lejeunea comans Spruce (1884: 246).</p> <p>Type:— VENEZUELA. Amazonas: Rio Negro, San Carlos, in arborum ramis, R. Spruce s.n. (MANCH!, lectotype designated by Gradstein 2021).— Fig. 4V –CC.</p> <p>Plants yellowish green to brown, 0.8–0.9 mm wide. Stems in cross section 80–100 µm in diameter, 8 epidermal cells, 13–29 × 10–15 µm; 11–12 medullary cells, 12–18 × 7–10 µm. Ventral merophytes 2 cells wide. Leaves subimbricate, ovate to elongate, flat to slightly recurved at apex, 500–550 × 400–450 µm; margin entire, apex rounded to more commonly apiculate, dorsal and ventral margins curved. Cells with conspicuous trigones, principally on the leaf base; basal cells 17–26 × 11–16 µm, median cells 17–19 × 12–18 µm, marginal cells 9–13 × 7–12 µm, smooth to slightly mammillose on the dorsal side. Lobules small, 1/5–1/4 of leaf length, obovate to rectangular, free margin slightly involute, tooth short and prominent, formed by one cell long, keel slightly arched. Underleaves distant to subimbricate, orbicular to ovate, generally wider than long 280–300 × 300–320 µm, 3–4 × stem width, bifid to 1/3, V-shaped sinus, bases auriculate to cuneate. Monoicous or dioicous. Androecia with 3–5 pairs of bracts. Gynoecia with lejeuneoid innovations, bracts oblong, 450 × 600 µm, apex acute; lobule 250 × 100 µm, bracteole oblong 380 × 420 µm, bifid to 1/8. Perianth 5-keeled, keels stronger towards the apex, beak long. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Neotropical, occurring in Jamaica, Panamá, Colombia, Venezuela, Bolivia, Brazil, and Argentina (Reiner-Drehwald 1998, Schäfer-Verwimp 2014). This species usually grows in the study area as an epiphyte on tree trunks, in lowland rainforest and lower montane rainforest, below 2000 m (Grastein 2021), in the Puntarenas-Chiriquí, Guajira, Venezuelan, and Magdalena provinces of the Pacific dominion. The record of C. comans occurring for the Páramo (Fig. 6), actually belongs to the Cauca province.</p> <p>Notes:—The species can be recognized by its medium to small size leaf cells (9–26 × 7–16 µm) with conspicuous trigones, underleaves large (generally 4 × stem width) with bases auriculate, perianth with 5 strong keels, and lejeuneoid innovations. The apices of the leaves vary from rounded to shortly apiculate and the underleaves from orbicular to ovate.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Santa Catarina: S „ o Bento do Sul, 10 m, 25 July 2004, Berger 60 (RB). COLOMBIA. Antioquia: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.227615&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.0363054" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.227615/lat 6.0363054)">El Carmen de Viboral</a>, 6°2’10.7”N, 75°13’39.4”W, 1628 m, 8 May 2016, Pérez 452 (HUA). Santander: Bolívar, La Hermosura, 06°08’05.9”N, 73°49’19.7”W, 1633 m, 20 October 2014, Gil-Novoa 2250b (UPTC).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF99FF96198E6B112773F82F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF99FF8B198E68E12279FAFB.text	03C88B15FF99FF8B198E68E12279FAFB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea cuspidifera Bastos 2016	<div><p>8. Cheilolejeunea cuspidifera Bastos et al. (2016: 39).</p> <p>Type:—BRAZIL. Roraima, Caracaraí, Serra da Mocidade, elev. 600 m, epiphyte, in forest, 31 Jan. 2016, M.H.T. Araújo 1245 (holotype ALCB!; isotype INPA).—Fig. 7A–I.</p> <p>Plants light brown, 0.7–1.0 mm wide. Stems in cross section 70–90 µm in diameter, 7 epidermal cells, 17–26 × 8.5– 13.5 µm; 10–11 medullary cells, 9–16 × 5–11 µm. Ventral merophytes 2 cells wide. Leaves subimbricate to slightly imbricate, ovate, convex, recurved at the apex, 440–460 × 310–315 µm; margin entire to more commonly dentate, with 2–6 teeth; apex acuminate, ending in a long tooth with 1−3 cells, dorsal margin straight to curved, ventral margin strongly curved; cells oblong, papillose on the dorsal side, conspicuous trigones, basal cells 23–36 × 15–20 µm, median cells 22–30 × 14–16 µm, marginal cells 12–18 × 10–12 µm. Lobules rectangular-ovate, inflated, 1/3 of leaf length, free margin involute, with two teeth, first tooth short and blunt, second tooth long, formed by 1(–2) long cells; keel strongly arched and papillose. Underleaves usually distant to contiguous, widely orbicular to ovate, 300–400 × 250–310 µm, 3 × stem width, bifid to 1/2, sinus in U-shaped, lobes cuspidate, ending in 2–3 cells, margin undulate, base slightly auriculate. Dioicous. Androecia on the main stem or in the base of branches, 3–7 pairs of bracts. According to Bastos et al. (2016), the gynoecia are terminal or on long branches, with pycnolejeuneoid innovations, bracts with obovate lobes, toothed near the acute-acuminate apex, lobules oblong-obovate, bracteoles obovate, margins toothed near the apex, bifid, sinus widely acute to lunulate. Perianth ellipsoid to obovate, 4-keeled, the keels crenulate, beak short.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Brazil (Bastos et al. 2016), recorded here new to Colombia. This species grows on tree trunks, in lower montane rainforest, at 2050 m, in the Magdalena province of the Pacific dominion (Fig. 8).</p> <p>Notes:— The collection from Colombia consists of male plants, whereas the type is female. This confirms that the species is dioicous, as proposed by Bastos et al. (2016).</p> <p>The species is characterized by having leaves commonly dentate, with 2–6 teeth, apex acuminate, cells papillose, and underleaves bifid to 1/2 of the leaf length with cuspidate lobes. The species can be confused with species of genus Prionolejeunea, but the latter have crenulate margins (not with 2–6 teeth), sexuality autoicous (not dioicous), and perianths 2-keeled (not 4-keeled).</p> <p>This species is recorded here for the second time after the original description by Bastos et al. (2016), and for the first time from Colombia. In Brazil, the species was encountered growing as an epiphyte along a fast-flowing creek, at ca. 600 m; in Colombia, it was found growing as an epiphyte in lower montane rainforest, at ca. 2050 m. Thus, with this record, the distribution range of the species has increased (from the Guyana Highlands to the Colombian Andes), together with a higher elevation range (600–2050 m) and occurs in different vegetation types (isolated mountains in the Guyana highlands, in northern Amazonia to lower montane rainforests in the Magdalena province). Although we predict that this species will be found in Venezuela and other areas of the Amazon forest, here we consider this species as rare, since it has only been recorded for two localities, and is considered here as Data Deficient-new (DD-n) (Sérgio et al. 2007, UCN 2001)</p> <p>Specimens examined:— COLOMBIA. Tolima: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-74.63947&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=3.7511945" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -74.63947/lat 3.7511945)">Villa Rica</a>, epífito en bosque denso alto de tierra firme, 03°45’04.3’’N, 74°38’22.1’’W, 2050 m, 18 November 2018, Arias 333 (HT, UPTC).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF99FF8B198E68E12279FAFB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF84FF8A198E6A552233FECB.text	03C88B15FF84FF8A198E6A552233FECB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea discoidea (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Kachroo & Schuster 1961	<div><p>9. Cheilolejeunea discoidea (Lehm. &amp; Lindenb.) Kachroo &amp; Schuster (1961: 509).—</p> <p>Jungermannia discoidea Lehm. &amp; Lindenb. (in Lehmann 1834: 47).</p> <p>Type:— ST. VINCENT: Ad truncus arborum, L. Guilding s.n. (not seen).— Fig. 7J–P.</p> <p>Plants yellowish green to light brown, 0.4–0.7 mm wide. Stems in cross section 45–52 µm in diameter, 7(–8) epidermal cells, 13–29 × 86–16 µm; 8-9 medullary cells, 6–20 × 4–9 µm. Ventral merophytes 2 cells wide. Leaves suberect to obliquely spreading, ovate-orbicular, flat, 280–3100 × 215–250 µm, margin entire; cells orbicular, subquadrate to hexagonal, without trigones or inconspicuous; basal cells 16–30 × 10–18 µm, median cells 16–24 × 9–20 µm, marginal cells 9–23 × 8–13 µm. Lobules ovate to rectangular, 130–160 µm × 95–1100 µm, free margin involute, apical tooth with 1 cell, blunt. Underleaves distant, ovate, 85–105 × 90–100 µm, 1.5–2.0 × stem width, bifid to 1/4–1/3, with a V-shaped sinus, margin entire, insertion curved. Autoicous. Androecia terminal on main stem or branches, with 3–12 pairs of bracts. Gynoecia with 1–2 lejeuneoid innovations. Perianth pyriform, 5-keeled, keels more strongly developed to apex, beak short. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Neotropical, occurring in Costa Rica, Panamá, Brazil, St. Vincent (Bastos 2017, Schäfer-Verwimp 2014); recorded here as new to Perú and Colombia. Found growing as an epiphyte on tree trunks in the study area in lowland rainforests, from sea level to 600 m, in the Guatuso-Talamanca, Puntarenas-Chiriquí, and Sabana provinces of the Pacific dominion (Fig. 8).</p> <p>Notes:—Morphologically C. discoidea is very similar to small morphotypes of C. rigidula, the latter differing by plants more robust,&gt;700 µm wide (vs 490–700 µm wide in C. discoidea), underleaves 2–3 × stem width (not 0.9–2.0×), and dioicous sexual condition (not autoicous).</p> <p>Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Pará: Capit „o Poço, 1°46’S, 47°4’W, 40 m, 24 June 2006, Tavares, 950 (RB). Rio de Janeiro: Carapebus, PARNA Jurubatiba, 22°17’702”S, 41°40’33”W, 4 April 2006, Imbassahy 121 (RB); Itatiaia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-41.675835&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.7666667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -41.675835/lat -1.7666667)">Parque Nacional de Itatiaia</a>, 2400 m, 13 April 2000, Costa 3843 (RB). COLOMBIA. Guaviare: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.886024&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=2.571111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.886024/lat 2.571111)">San José del Guaviare</a>, 2°34’16.0’’ N, 72°53’09.7’’ W, 252 m, 4 December 2021, Gil-Novoa &amp; Costa 3654 (UPTC). COSTA RICA: Guanacaste. Liberia, National Park Rincón de la Vieja, 750–800 m, 1 January 2000, Schäfer-Verwimp &amp; Holz SV /H-0392 (ALCB). PERU. Loreto: Iquitos, Maynas, 7 August 1984, Timme 4709 (NY).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF84FF8A198E6A552233FECB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF85FF8A198E6E452495FBD3.text	03C88B15FF85FF8A198E6E452495FBD3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea erostrata Schuster 1978	<div><p>10. Cheilolejeunea erostrata Schuster (1978: 427).</p> <p>Type:— VENEZUELA. Tachira: Páramo de Tama, base of Pico de Banderas, 3140 m, 1 March 1976, R. M. Schuster &amp; L. Ruíz-Terán 76-1921e (holotype F!).</p> <p>Plants yellowish green to light brown, 1–1.6 mm wide. Ventral merophytes 2 cells wide. Leaves imbricate, orbicular to ovate-elongate, recurved at the apex, 680–950 × 400–650 µm; margin entire; apex acute to more commonly apiculate; dorsal and ventral margin slightly recurved; cells orbicular to ovate, mammillose to papillose on the dorsal side, conspicuous trigones; basal cells 20–30 × 15–23 µm, median cells 16–28 × 14–22 µm, marginal cells 10–17 × 8–16 µm. Lobules rectangular, 1/3–1/2 of leaf length, free margin slightly involute, tooth very short (1 cell long), observed in few lobules; keel slightly arched. Underleaves subimbricate to commonly imbricate, widely orbicular to obovate, 450– 500 × 470–530 µm, 5 x stem width, bifid to 1/5–1/3, with a V-shaped sinus, margin entire, insertion strongly curved. Autoicous. Androecia commonly on the main stem, 3–4 pairs of orbicular bracts. Gynoecia, with pycnolejeuneoid innovations, bracts obovate, apex acute. Perianth 5-keeled, keels weak to very strong, without beak.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Endemic to the Venezuelan Andean páramos, on the border with Colombia; this species is only known by the type collection, growing on the branches of Scrophulariaceae shrubs, in grass páramo between 3100–3500 m, in the Páramo province (Fig. 8).</p> <p>Notes:—The species is characterized by the large plants with large, apparently flat and rectangular lobules (1/3– 1/2 of leaf length) but with a slightly involute free margin and very short lobule teeth (1 cell long), and perianths without a beak. More exploration is needed of the páramos between Colombia and Venezuela, to confirm the continued occurrence of the species in the area.</p> <p>Taking into account its extent of occurrence and number of locations (Hallingbäck 1998, UCN 2001), it is considered here as Critically Endangered (CR-B1a).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF85FF8A198E6E452495FBD3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF85FF89198E6B7D246CFAF0.text	03C88B15FF85FF89198E6B7D246CFAF0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea filiformis var. filiformis (Swartz) Ye et al. 2015	<div><p>11.1. Cheilolejeunea filiformis (Swartz) Ye et al. (2015: 325) var. filiformis.—</p> <p>Jungermannia filiformis Swartz (1788: 144).</p> <p>Type:— JAMAICA. Swartz s.n. (S, lectotype designated by Gradstein 2021).— Fig. 7Q–Y.</p> <p>Plants light brown to almost yellowish, 0.5–1.2 mm wide. Stems in cross section 120–160 µm in diameter, 12–13 epidermal cells, 10–40 × 11–24 µm; 20–24(–30) medullary cells, 13–22 × 6–13 µm. Ventral merophytes 6–8 cells wide. Leaves subimbricate to imbricate, ovate to elongate, generally flat, 130–180 × 130–140 µm, margin entire, apex rounded; cells orbicular to hexagonal, trigones generally conspicuous, basal cells 20–40 × 10–25 µm, median cells 18–30 × 12–25 µm, marginal cells 11–18 × 9–12 µm, smooth to strongly mammillose on the dorsal side. Lobules trapezoid, 1/4–1/3 of leaf length, free margin flat to slightly involute, without tooth. Underleaves imbricate, orbicular to broadly ovate and wider than long, 600–850 × 550–700 µm, 4–6 × stem width, margin fully entire, insertion Ushaped. Dioicous. Androecia on the main stem, with 5–7 pairs of bracts. Gynoecia terminal on the main stem or small branches, with lejeuneoid innovations, bracts obovate, 400 × 260 µm, apex rounded, lobule 150 × 80 µm, bracteole ovate, 330 × 270 µm. Perianth without keels, beak short. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat: —Neotropical, very common and widely distributed on Caribbean islands, in Central America, northern South America, Argentina, and Brazil (Bastos 2017, Reiner-Drehwald 1993). This species is found in the study area hanging or attached to tree trunks and shrubs in lowland rainforest, lower and upper montane rainforests, and grass páramos, between 500–3900 m (Gradstein 2021), in the Puntarenas-Chiriquí, Guajira, Venezuelan, Magdalena, Cauca, Chocó-Darién, Galápagos Island, Sabana, and Western Ecuador provinces of the Pacific dominion, and in the Páramo province of SATZ (Fig. 9).</p> <p>Notes: —The species is morphologically variable, the ventral merophyte is 6–8 cells wide, the lobules less than 1/3 of the length of the leaf, the underleaves are entire, and the perianth without keels. Morphotypes growing attached to tree trunks generally have relatively short branches and can be confused with C. tonduzana, although the latter species has larger lobules and reniform underleaves.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Ouro Preto, 20°26’50”S, 43°32’00”N, 1489 m, 27 February 2016, Fantecelle 338 (BHCB). BOLÍVIA. Santa Cruz: Florida, Cerro Herradura, 18°07’S, 63°36’N, 1400 m, 23 March 2002, Churchill 21340 (COL, HUA). Tarija: Padcaya, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-64.517784&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.034445" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -64.517784/lat -22.034445)">Parque Nacional Tariquia</a> u RNFFT, 22°02’04”S, 64°31’04”W, 1450–1700 m, 14 November 2004, Churchill 23653 (HUA). COLOMBIA. Antioquia: Angelópolis, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.7275&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.113167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.7275/lat 6.113167)">Vereda San Isidro</a>, 6°6’47.4”N, 75°43’39.0”W, 1990 m, 10 November 2016, Rodríguez 45 (HUA); Caldas, Alto de San Miguel, 2000 m, October 1998, Benavidez 198 (HUA); Granada, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.138084&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.0969" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.138084/lat 6.0969)">Malpaso</a>, 6°05.814’N, 75°08.285’W, 1656 m, 16 March 2019, Sánchez 3298 (HUA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.233333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.166664/lat 6.233333)">Guatapé</a>, vereda de Santa Rita, 6°14’N, 75°10’W, 1850 m, 01 July 1997, Gutierrez 1161 (HUA); Jardín, Camino a la vereda La Herrera, 1800 m, 12 May 1986, Escobar 759 (HUA); Medellín, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.517784&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.2941666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.517784/lat 6.2941666)">Santa Elena</a>, 6°17’39”N, 75°31’04”W, 2470 m, 17 September 2005, Londoño 101 (HUA); Rionegro, Cayetano, 2100 m, 26 February 1983, Serna s.n. (HUA); San Pedro, carretera San Pedro–San Juan, 2530 m, 3 May 1986, Escobar 723 (HUA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.33814&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.711611" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.33814/lat 5.711611)">Sonsón</a>, La Falda, 5°42’41.8”N, 75°20’17.3”W, 2514 m, 30 October 2013, Arango 76 (HUA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.25528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.393198" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.25528/lat 6.393198)">Urrao</a>, Vereda El Sireno, 6°23’35.513”N, 76°15’18.997”W, 1145 m, 26 March 2018, Ordóñez 985 (HUA); Yarumal, Llano de Cuivá, 2700 m, 19 February 1983, Serna s.n. (HUA). Boyacá: Duitama, vereda Santa Helena, 2480–2630 m, 7 November 1993, Uribe-M. 2735 (COL); Pajarito, 1900 m, 20 October 1967, van der Hammen 1627 (COL); Ráquira, vereda Firita Peña Abajo, 2820 m, 6 March 1988, Becerra 93 (COL); Socha, 2200 m, 6 July 1967, van der Hammen 1668 (COL); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.27153&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.888111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.27153/lat 4.888111)">Santa María</a>, 4°53’17.2”N, 73°16’17.5”W, 1075 m, 29 October 2013, Bulla 12 (UDBC). Cauca: Guapi, Parque Nacional Natural Isla Gorgona, 270 m, 15 September 1987, Rudas 332 A (COL); Morales, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.711&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=2.8101666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.711/lat 2.8101666)">San Cristóbal</a>, 2°48’36.6”N, 76°42’39.6”W, August 2015, Gómez SAG560 (HUA). Chocó: Tutunendo, road Tutunendo – El Carmen, 700 m, 9 August 1992, Gradstein 8953 (COL). Cundinamarca: Gachalá, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.45924&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.6891947" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.45924/lat 4.6891947)">Boca de Monte</a>, 4°41’21.1”N, 73°27’33.3”W, 1714 m, 22 September 2014, JOrdoñes 1969 (COL); Silvania, Alto de San Miguel, 2350 m, 10 October 1984, Valcárcel 488 (COL). Huila: Acevedo, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.10445&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.6058334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.10445/lat 1.6058334)">Macizo</a> colombiano, 1°36’21”N, 76°6’16”W, 1800 m, 29 November 2001, Castillo 2475k (HUA). Magdalena: Santa Marta, Cuchilla de San Lorenzo, 2100 m, 16 January 1967, Winkler C310 (COL). Putumayo: San Francisco, “El Mirador”, 2100 m, 5 August 1965, Merril C1117 (COL). Risaralda: Mistrató, Road Mistrato–San Lorenzo de Chami, 1800 m, 30 July 1992, Gradstein 8685 (COL); Quinchia, 2021 m, 29 September 2017, Ordoñez 613 (HUA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.525&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.8333335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.525/lat 4.8333335)">Santa Rosa de Cabal</a>, 4°50’N, 75°31.5’W, 2740 m, 30 May 1986, Wolf 873 (COL). Santander: Charalá, Corregimiento de Virolín, 2100 m, 25 October 1988, Schuster 88–1066 (COL); Floridablanca, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.03001&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=7.112222" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.03001/lat 7.112222)">Corregimiento La Corcova</a>, 07°06’44”N, 73°01’48”W, 2200 m, August to November 2001, López 1498 (HUA); Piedecuesta, corregimiento <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.03333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=7.05" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.03333/lat 7.05)">Sevilla</a>, 7°03’N, 73°02’W, 2100 m, August to November 2001, Benavidez 1997 (HUA). Tolima: Ibagué, corregimiento de Juntas, 2600 m, 17 July 2004, Campos 176 (COL); Santa Isabel, vereda Purima-Cuchilla, 2540 m, 1 August 1980, Aguirre 1746 (COL). Valle del Cauca: Cali, San Antonio, 1800 m, 1 November 1986, Cardona de Hollaender 125 (CUVC). ECUADOR. Galápagos: Floreana, Cerro Wittmer, 450–550 m, 26 April 1976, Gradstein H171 (COL). Napo: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.86667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.53333336" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.86667/lat -0.53333336)">Road Baeza–Tena</a>, 0°32’S, 77°52’W, 2000 m, 28 March 1979, Holm-Nielsen 16221 (QCA). Pichincha: Road Quito–Santo Domingo, 1000 m, 6 April 1987, Thiers 4341 (QCA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.80278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.2313889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.80278/lat -0.2313889)">Reserva Florística-Ecológica</a> “Rio Guajalito”, 0°13’53”S, 78°48’10”W, 2200 m, 5 December 1985, Jaramillo 8230 (QCA). Tungurahua: Baños - Puyo Rd., 1400 m, 15 April 1987, Thiers 4546 (QCA). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.60889&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.8097222" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.60889/lat -3.8097222)">Zamora -Chinchipe</a>: El Pangui, 03°48’35”S, 78°36’32”W, 1520 m, 2 December 2005, Churchill 24322 (QCA). PANAMÁ. Chiriquí: Gualaca, 1000– 1200 m, Salazar-A. 522p. p.1 (PMA).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF85FF89198E6B7D246CFAF0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF86FF89198E6A5C237EF7CA.text	03C88B15FF86FF89198E6A5C237EF7CA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea filiformis var. platycoleus (Herzog) Ye 2015	<div><p>11.2. Cheilolejeunea filiformis var. platycoleus (Herzog) Ye et al. (2015: 325).—</p> <p>Omphalanthus platycoleus Herzog (1955: 171).</p> <p>Type:— COLOMBIA. Cauca: cordillera Occidental, San Antonio, 1922, Pennell &amp; Killip 7301 (holotype JE).</p> <p>Plants light brown, 0.7–1.2 mm wide. Stems in cross section 120–160 µm in diameter. Ventral merophytes 6–8 cells wide. Leaves subimbricate to imbricate, ovate to elongate, generally flat, 130–180 × 120–135 µm; margin entire, apex rounded; cells orbicular to hexagonal, trigones generally conspicuous; basal cells 20–40 × 12–25 µm, median cells 20–30 × 10–25 µm, marginal cells 10–20 × 8–12 µm, smooth to strongly mammillose on the dorsal side. Lobules trapezoid, 1/4–1/3 of leaf length, free margin flat to slightly involute, without teeth. Underleaves imbricate, orbicular to broadly ovate and wider than long 650–850 × 500–700 µm, 6–7 × stem width, margin fully entire, insertion U-shaped. Dioicous. Androecia not seen. Gynoecia with lejeuneoid innovations, bracts obovate, 400 × 250 µm, apex rounded; lobule 150 × 80 µm, bracteole ovate 330 × 270 µm. Perianth with 4 weak keels, beak short or absent. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat: —The species is here considered a variety with distribution restricted to the northern Andes and Costa Rica (Schäfer-Verwimp et al. 2013, Bastos &amp; Gradstein 2020). This species grows hanging on tree trunks and branches, in lower and upper montane rainforest, between 1500–3000 m (Gradstein 2021), in the Magdalena and Cauca provinces of Pacific dominion (Fig. 9).</p> <p>Notes: —This variety is morphologically similar to C. filiformis var. filiformis except for the perianth with four weak keels (not terete), but if the plants are not fertile it is difficult to distinguish between the two varieties.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— COLOMBIA. Risaralda: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.53333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.53333/lat 4.85)">Santa Rosa de Cabal</a>, 4°51’N, 75°32’W, 2130 m, 21 September 1985, Wolf 50 (COL). Santander: Suaita, 1700–1850 m, 19 July 2001, Uribe-M. 3871 (COL). ECUADOR. ZamoraChinchipe: Road Loja – <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-79.066666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.9833333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -79.066666/lat -3.9833333)">Zamora</a>, 3°59’ S, 79°04’ W, 1820 m, 28 January 2011, ASV &amp; MN 32051 / A (QCA).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF86FF89198E6A5C237EF7CA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF81FF8E198E6F8C2777FCF5.text	03C88B15FF81FF8E198E6F8C2777FCF5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea filiformis var. wallisii (Prantl) Ye 2015	<div><p>11.3. Cheilolejeunea filiformis var. wallisii (Prantl) Ye et al. (2015: 325).—</p> <p>Lejeunea wallisii Prantl (1892: 19).</p> <p>Type:— COLOMBIA (Nova Granada). Antioquia, Páramo de Sonson, 10000 ft., 1872, G. Wallis s.n. (holotype G-61044).</p> <p>Plants light brown to almost yellowish, 0.5–1.0 mm wide. Stems in cross section 110–140 µm in diameter. Ventral merophytes 6–8 cells wide. Leaves subimbricate to imbricate, ovate to elongate, generally flat, 130–160 × 120–135 µm; margin entire, apex rounded; cells orbicular to hexagonal, trigones generally conspicuous; basal cells 20–40 × 10–25 µm, median cells 18–30 × 12–25 µm, marginal cells 8–15 × 8–12 µm, smooth to strongly mammillose on the dorsal side. Lobules trapezoid, 1/4–1/3 of leaf length, free margin flat to involute. Underleaves imbricate, orbicular to ovate, generally longer than wide 530–650 × 600–800 µm, 6× stem width, margin fully entire, insertion depth in U-shaped. Dioicous. Androecia small, on the main stem and branches. Perianth with 5 keels, beak short or absent. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat: — Mexico and the northern Andes (Bastos &amp; Gradstein 2020). In the study area is found growing on tree trunks and branches, in lower and upper montane rainforests, between 1900–3000 m (Gradstein 2021), in the Magdalena and Cauca provinces of Pacific dominion. The record of C. filiformis var. wallisii occurring in the Páramo (Fig. 9), actually belongs to the Cauca province.</p> <p>Notes: —The species differs from the two other varieties of C. filiformis by perianths with five keels.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— COLOMBIA. Cundinamarca: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.791664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.8475003" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.791664/lat 4.8475003)">Páramo de Guasca</a>, 4°50’51”N, 73°47’30” W, AguirreC 1856 (COL).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF81FF8E198E6F8C2777FCF5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF81FF8E198E6C5822E7F875.text	03C88B15FF81FF8E198E6C5822E7F875.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea fragrantissima (Spruce) Schuster 1980	<div><p>12. Cheilolejeunea fragrantissima (Spruce) Schuster (1980a: 431).—</p> <p>Lejeunea fragrantissima Spruce (1884: 243).</p> <p>Type:— BRAZIL. Fl. Tarumá, Spruce s.n. (MANCH!, lectotype designated by Reiner-Drehwald 2006).— Fig. 7Z –GG.</p> <p>Plants green brown to light brown, 0.9–1.5 mm wide. Stems in cross section 90–115 µm in diameter, (7–)8 epidermal cells, 17–26 × 8.5–13.5 µm; (9–)11–15 medullary cells, 9–16 × 5–11 µm. Ventral merophytes 2 cells wide. Leaves imbricate, ovate-orbicular, 500–530 × 380–400 µm; margin entire, apex rounded, dorsal and ventral margin curves; cells oblong to orbicular, conspicuous trigones; basal cells 19–31 × 14–20 µm, median cells 16–24 × 13–16 µm, marginal cells 9–1 × 9–11 µm. Lobules small, 1/5–1/4 of leaf length, rectangular, tooth acute, formed by two cells 11 × 28 µm, free margin involute, keel slightly arched. Underleaves imbricate, reniform, 380–400 × 630–650 µm, 6–7 × stem width, bifid to 1/4–1/5, margin entire, insertion in U-shaped. Autoicous. Androecia commonly on the main stem, or at the apex of branches, 4–6 pairs of bracts. Gynoecia on branches, with pycnolejeuneoid innovations, bracts obovate, 700 × 550 µm, with apex acute. Perianth 5-keeled, keels weak to very strong, beak short. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat: —Neotropical, occurring in Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Bolivia, and Brazil (Bastos 2017, Reiner-Drehwald 2006). This species was encountered growing on tree trunks and branches in lowland and lower montane rainforests, between 200–2200 m, in the Magdalena and Trinidad provinces of the Pacific dominion. The record of C. fragrantissima occurring in the Páramo (Fig. 9), actually belongs to the Magdalena province.</p> <p>Notes: —This species is very similar to C. beyrichii, but mainly differentiated by the leaves of C. fragrantissima having rounded apices, and a ventral merophyte 2 cells wide, while C. beyrichii has an obtuse leaf apex and a ventral merophyte 4–6 cells wide.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Santa Catarina: S „o Francisco do Sul, CEPA, 5 m, 15 July 2005, Ziffer Berger 323 (RB). Amazonas: along the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-66.75&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.6666667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -66.75/lat -0.6666667)">Rio Marié</a>, 00°40’S, 66°45’W, 5 July 1979, Buck 2383 (NY). COLOMBIA. Antioquia: Guatapé, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.233333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.166664/lat 6.233333)">Santa Rita</a>, 6°14’N, 75°10’W, 1850 m, 25 July 1997, Gutiérrez 1336, 1348 (HUA). Boyacá: Santa María, 4°46’N, 73°19’W, 8 October 2000, Aguirre 12932 (COL). Cundinamarca: Guayabetal, Vereda San Antonio, 9 June 2016, Clavijo 183 Z4 M3 (COL). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-69.681274&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.55969447" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -69.681274/lat -0.55969447)">Santander</a>: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-69.681274&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.55969447" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -69.681274/lat -0.55969447)">Floridablanca</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-69.681274&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.55969447" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -69.681274/lat -0.55969447)">Corregimiento La Corcova</a>, 7°06’44”N, 73°01’48”W, 2200 m, August to November 2001, López 1502 (HUA); Suaita, 1700–1800 m, 28 July 2001, Uribe-M 3767 (COL); Tona, 7°10’29.2”N, 73°02’7.8”W, 1675–1715 m, 22 June 2004, Uribe-M 4291 (COL). Meta: Acacías, vereda Frescovatele, 03°58’05.6’’ N, 73°49’47.21’’ W, 969 m, 3 December 2021, Gil-Novoa &amp; Costa 3640 (UPTC). Vaupés: Taraira, 0°33’34.90”S, 69°40’52.60”W, 213 m, 18 October 2017, Miranda RM205 / H8 (UDBC). VENEZUELA. Bolivar: cerro Venamo, 950 m, 27 December 1963, Steyermark 92224 (NY).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF81FF8E198E6C5822E7F875	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF81FF8D198E68D822EBFB47.text	03C88B15FF81FF8D198E68D822EBFB47.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea holostipa (Spruce) Grolle & Zhu (2001: 1071	<div><p>13. Cheilolejeunea holostipa (Spruce) Grolle &amp; Zhu (2001: 1071).—</p> <p>Lejeunea holostipa Spruce (1884: 171).</p> <p>Type:—BRAZIL. Pará, Spruce L219 (MANCH!, lectotype designated by Grolle &amp; Reiner-Drehwald 1999).—Fig. 10A–G.</p> <p>Plants light brown, 0.3–5 mm wide. Stems in cross section 80–100 µm in diameter, 7 epidermal cells and 4–6 medullary cells. Ventral merophytes 2 cells wide. Leaves subimbricate to imbricate, ovate, flat to slightly concave, 230–300 × 200–250 µm; margin entire, apex rounded, dorsal and ventral curved; cells orbicular to ovate, conspicuous trigones (but not very large); basal cells 12–22 × 16–18 µm, median cells 16–18 × 13–16 µm, marginal cells 10–13 × 6–8 µm, smooth. Lobules large, 1/2 of leaf length, ovate, more or less inflated, tooth acute, formed by one long cell, 27 × 6 µm, free margin involute, keel curved, and terminal tooth acute. Underleaves distant, orbicular, 90–100 × 100–110 µm, 1.5–2 × stem width, entire, insertion base cuneate. Dioicous. Androecia in principal stem, with 2–5 pairs of bracts. Gynoecia on short shoots with innovations pycnolejeuneoid, bracts obovate, 400 × 300 µm, apex rounded; lobule 180 × 80 µm, bracteole ovate 330 × 270 µm, bifid to 1/3, generally recurved. Perianth with 5 weak to strong keels in the upper half of the perianth, beak long. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Neotropical, occurring on Caribbean islands, Mexico, Honduras, Costa Rica, Panamá, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Ecuador, Peru, and Brazil (Bastos 2017, Schäfer-Verwimp 1999). This species grows on tree trunks in the study area, in lowland rainforest, lower and upper montane rainforests, between 700–3000 m, in the Guatuso-Talamanca, Puntarenas-Chiriquí, Guajira, Magdalena, and Cauca provinces of the Pacific dominion. The record of C. holostipa occurring in the Páramo (Fig. 11), actually belongs to the Cauca province.</p> <p>Notes:—This species can be recognized as small plants (&lt;600 µm wide), with ventral merophytes 2 cells wide and underleaves distant and fully entire. The section Cyrtolejeunea is composed of two species in the Neotropics, C. holostipa and C. insecta; the latter species differs by a slightly bifid underleaf and the presence of bracteoles throughout the male spike (Bastos &amp; Gradstein 2020) and does not occur in the study area.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Pará: Capit „o <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-47.066666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.7666667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -47.066666/lat -1.7666667)">Poço</a>, 1°46’S, 47°4’W, 40 m, 15 September 2016, Tavares 1025 (RB). Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro, PARNA <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-43.27778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.957779" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -43.27778/lat -22.957779)">Tijuca</a>, 22°57’28”S, 43°16’40”W, 446 m, 19 July 2016, Santos 551 (RB). Santa Catarina: Blumenau, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-49.087776&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.051943" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -49.087776/lat -27.051943)">Nova Rússia</a>, 27°3’7”S, 49°5’16”W, 281 m, 17 November 2003, Costa 4687 (RB). COLOMBIA. Antioquia: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.12958&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.044525" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.12958/lat 6.044525)">Cocorna</a>, 6°2’40.29”N, 75°7’46.46”W, 964 m, 19 August 2016, Ordoñez 251 (HUA); San Luis, 811 m, 12 June 2018, Carvajal 11 (HUA); Santo Domingo, January 2018, Ordoñez 625 (HUA). Cundinamarca: Ubalá, 754 m, 26 July 2018, Carmona s.n. (HUA). Magdalena: Santa Marta, Cuchilla de San Lorenzo, S. Winkler C227 (COL). Risaralda: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.75&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.75/lat 4.85)">El Pital</a>, 4°51’N, 75°45’W, 1500 m, 8 November 1986, Wolf 1226 (COL). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.525&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.8333335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.525/lat 4.8333335)">Santa Rosa de Cabal</a>, 4°50’N, 75°31.5’W, 2740 m, 4 June 1986, Wolf 1572 (COL). ECUADOR. Loja: Loja, Parque Nacional Podocarpus, 2700 m, 11 November 2009, Gradstein 12261 (QCA). PANAMÁ. Chiriqui: Straβe von <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.714165&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.827833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.714165/lat 8.827833)">El Volcán</a>, 8°49,67’ N, 82°42.85’ W, 1220 m, 3 April 2013, Schäfer-Verwimp &amp; Werwimp 34702 (ALBC).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF81FF8D198E68D822EBFB47	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF82FF8C198E6BC9275CFA25.text	03C88B15FF82FF8C198E6BC9275CFA25.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea inflexa (Hampe ex Lehm.) Grolle 1979	<div><p>14. Cheilolejeunea inflexa (Hampe ex Lehm.) Grolle (1979: 174).—</p> <p>Lejeunea inflexa Hampe ex Lehm. (in Lehmann 1838: 22).</p> <p>Type:— WEST INDIES, inter muscos Indiae occidentalis reperit, ex hb. Hampe (holotype S).— Fig. 10H–O.</p> <p>Cheilolejeunea mammifera Schuster (1980b: 429), syn. fide Bastos (2016)</p> <p>Plants light brown, 0.7–1.5 mm wide. Stems in cross section 75–90 µm in diameter, 7 epidermal cells 21–30 × 13–18 µm; 9–11 medullary cells, 11–18 × 5–10 µm. Ventral merophytes 2 cells wide. Leaves subimbricate, ovate, flat, 440– 530 × 300–430 µm; margin entire or with few teeth near to apex, apex acute, dorsal margin usually strongly arched at middle, ventral margin somewhat recurved; cells long-hexagonal to orbicular, strongly papillose on the dorsal side, conspicuous trigones; basal cells 17–35 × 8–19 µm, median cells 16–33 × 13–20 µm, marginal cells 10–21 × 8–14 µm. Lobules small to median, 1/4–1/3 of leaf length, rectangular to ovate, tooth recurved, long, and acute, 25 × 10 µm, free margin involute, keel arched, strongly crenate, with large projecting papillae. Underleaves distant, ovoid, 200–320 × 200–280 µm, 3–4.5 × stem width, bifid to 1/3–1/5, base cordate, insertion arched. Autoicous. Androecia on short-specialized branches or intercalary on long shoots, with 4–6 pairs of bracts globose. Gynoecia with innovations pycnolejeuneoid, bracts obovate, 400 × 300 µm, apex rounded; lobule 180 × 80 µm, bracteole ovate 330 × 270 µm, bifid to 1/3, generally recurved. Perianth obovoid, inflated, with 5 rounded and crenulate keels, apex rounded or slightly truncate, beak short. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Neotropical, occurring in Cuba, Dominica, Guadalupe, Jamaica, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Colombia Venezuela, and Brazil (Bastos 2017, Grolle 1979, Ye &amp; Zhu 2009). This species grows as an epiphyte on tree trunks in the study area, in savanna, deciduous forests, lower and upper montane rainforests, between 1100–2600 m, in the Guatuso-Talamanca, Puntarenas-Chiriquí, Guajira, Magdalena, Cauca, Chocó-Darién, and Venezuelan provinces of the Pacific dominion (Fig. 11).</p> <p>Notes:—The species is characterized by having leaves with an acute and curved apex, large papillae that are easily seen on the lobule keel, underleaves 3–4 × stem width, and underleaf base cordate.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— COLOMBIA. Antioquia: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.333336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.866667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.333336/lat 5.866667)">Carmen de Viboral</a>, 5°52’N, 75°20’W, 2100–2600 m, 20 June 1991, Callejas 10221 (HUA). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.233333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.166664/lat 6.233333)">Guatapé</a>, 6°14’N, 75°10’W, 1850 m, 28 June 1997, Gutiérrez 1311, 1312, 1315, 1316 (HUA). Chocó: Unguía, Cerro Tacarcuna, 1115 m, 2 April 2017, Gil-Novoa 3358 (UPTC). Huila: Acevedo, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.10445&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.6058334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.10445/lat 1.6058334)">Macizo</a> colombiano, 1°36’21”N, 76°6’16”W, 1800 m, 29 November 2001, Castillo 2404b (HUA), 2505e (COL). Magdalena: Santa Marta, cuchilla de San Lorenzo, 2100 m, 12 January 1997, Winkler C360 (COL). Risaralda: Chocó Biogeographical Region, west side of cordillera Occidental, 1500 m, 25 July 1992, Gradstein 8420 (COL). Santander: Bolívar, La Hermosura, 06°08’05.9”N, 73°49’19.7”N, 1633 m, Gil-Novoa 2250 (UPTC); El Vocan, 27 October 1988, Schuster 88-1004 (F). VENEZUELA. Bolívar: Cerro Venamo, 1000 m, 27 December 1963, Steyermark 92256 (NY).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF82FF8C198E6BC9275CFA25	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF83FF83198E6AE82351FD4A.text	03C88B15FF83FF83198E6AE82351FD4A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea intertexta (Lindenberg) Stephani 1897	<div><p>15. Cheilolejeunea intertexta (Lindenberg) Stephani (1897: 79).—</p> <p>Lejeunea intertexta Lindenberg (in Gottsche et al. 1845: 379).</p> <p>Type:— KIRIBATI. Ualan, Ulleay et Lugnor, Insul. Carol., K. H. Mertens s.n. (W, lectotype designated by Grolle 1979).— Fig. 10P–X.</p> <p>Cheilolejeunea compacta (Stephani 1914: 532) Reiner-Drehwald (2006: 477), syn. fide Bastos (2012b)</p> <p>Plants dark brown to yellowish brown, 0.5–1.5 mm wide. Stems in cross section 60–90 µm in diameter, 7–8 epidermal cells, 10–15 × 6–10 µm; 12–16 medullary cells, 6–10 × 5–9 µm. Ventral merophytes 2 cells wide. Leaves subimbricate to imbricate, spreading, ovate-orbicular, flat to slightly recurved at apex, 420–480 × 300–400 µm; margin entire, apex rounded; cells orbicular to ovate, smooth to slightly mammillose, inconspicuous trigones, intermediate thickening frequent; basal cells oblong 12–22 × 12–20 µm, median cells 16–22 × 11–16 µm, marginal cells 9–12 × 8–11 µm. Lobules 1/4–1/3 the length of the lobe, ovate-rectangular, tooth obtuse, free margin involute, and keel straight to slightly arched, smooth to slightly crenulate. Underleaves slightly distant to contiguous, orbicular, 3–4.5 × stem width, 180–250 × 180–240 µm, bifid to 1/3–1/2, with a V-shaped sinus, margin entire, base cuneate. Autoicous or more commonly paroicous. Androecia below gynoecia or on short branches, 2–3 pairs of bracts. Gynoecia with 1–2 pycnolejeuneoid innovations, bracts oblong, 280 × 180 µm, apex obtuse to rounded, bracteole 200 × 170µm, bifid ca. 1/8 its length. Perianth with 5 smooth keels, beak short. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Pantropical, occurring in Domican Republic, Panamá, Colombia, Trinidad, Brazil, Africa, Fiji, and Singapore (Bastos 2012b, 2017). This species was observed in the study area growing as an epiphyte on tree trunks, in lower and upper montane rainforests, between 50–2100 m, in the Magdalena and Guatuso-Talamanca provinces of the Pacific dominion (Fig. 11).</p> <p>Notes:—The main distinctive characteristic of the species is its paroicous sexuality, unique among species recorded from the Neotropics (Bastos &amp; Gradstein 2020). Although the species seems to be relatively common in Brazilian forests (Bastos 2017), it has been reported only a few times from the rest of the Neotropical zone, which may be related to limited samplings efforts, or confusion with other species of Cheilolejeunea, such as C. discoidea or C. rigidula. Cheilolejeunea discoidea is &lt;0.5 mm wide vs C. intertexta which is 0.5-1.5 mm, underleaves smaller (C. discoidea is 1.5–2.0 × stem width vs 3–4.5 × stem width in C. intertexta), and having lejeuneoid innovations (not pycnolejeuneoid). Cheilolejeunea rigidula is dioicous vs paroicous or autoicous in C. intertexta, and presents lejeuneoid innovations vs pycnolejeuneoid in C. intertexta.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Goias: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.816666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.216666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.816666/lat -13.216666)">Formoso</a>, 13°13’S, 48°49’W, 90 m, 29 November 1984, Vital 12742 (SP). Rio Grande do Norte: Natal, 7 August 2008, Yano &amp; Romariz 31292 (SP). Pernambuco: Recife, 7 August 1986, Yano &amp; Marinho 10347 (SP). Espiritu Santo: Guarapari, 18 March 1989, Yano et al. 12584 (SP).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF83FF83198E6AE82351FD4A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF8CFF83198E6DC62268FA43.text	03C88B15FF8CFF83198E6DC62268FA43.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea jackii (Prantl) Ye 2015	<div><p>16. Cheilolejeunea jackii (Prantl) Ye et al. (2015: 325).—</p> <p>Lejeunea jackii Prantl (1892: 17).</p> <p>Type:— ECUADOR. Manabí, Wallis s.n. (G, lectotype designated by Gradstein 2021).— Fig. 10Y –EE.</p> <p>Plants light brown, 0.8–1.2 mm wide. Stems in cross section 90–100 µm in diameter, 14–15 epidermal cells, 13–19 × 10–12 µm; 32–34 medullary cells, 11–14 × 7–10 µm. Ventral merophytes 6 cells wide. Leaves distant, lanceolate with extended ventral base, flat to recurved in the ventral margin, 820–900 × 220–280 µm, margin entire, apex acute, dorsal margin curved; cells rectangular to long-hexagonal, smooth, conspicuous trigones; basal cells 14–30 × 7–8 µm, median cells 15–25 × 8–10 µm, marginal cells 18–28 × 9–12 µm. Lobules small, 1/7–1/4 of leaf length, triangular, free margin flat. Underleaves distant to contiguous, oblong to ovate, 580–600 × 300–310 µm, 3.5–4 × stem width, short bifid (1/10), margin entire, base strongly cuneate. Dioicous.Androecia not seen. Gynoecia on the main axis, lejeuneoid innovation; bracts obovate, 750 × 250 µm, apex acute, lobule 400 × 200 µm, bracteole ovate, 550 × 280 µm, bifid to 1/10. Perianth 5-keeled beak short. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Neotropical, occurring in Nicaragua, Ecuador, and Bolivia (Bastos &amp; Gradstein 2020). This species was found growing in the study area on tree branches and shrubs, in lower montane rainforests, between 200–1200 m (Gradstein 2021), in the Galápagos Islands and western Ecuador provinces of the Pacific dominion. The record of C. jackii occurring in the Páramo (Fig. 11), actually belongs to the Cauca province.</p> <p>Notes:—This species can be easily recognized by its pendent growth habit, leaves distant, lanceolate with an extended ventral base, margins entire, apex acute, lobule reduced, and underleaves large, ovate, and short-bifid at the apex.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— ECUADOR. Galápagos Islands: I. Pinta, 400–500 m, July 1976, Gradstein H508 (COL, HUA, PMA); Pinzón, 400–460, 2 July 1976, Gradstein H481 (COL, HUA).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF8CFF83198E6DC62268FA43	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF8CFF81198E6ACF269EF930.text	03C88B15FF8CFF81198E6ACF269EF930.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea laevicalyx (Jack & Stephani) Grolle 1988	<div><p>17. Cheilolejeunea laevicalyx (Jack &amp; Stephani) Grolle (1988: 403).—</p> <p>Strepsilejeunea laevicalyx Jack &amp; Stephani (in Stephani 1913: 283).</p> <p>Type:— COLOMBIA. Antioquia: Páramo de Sonson, 3300 m, Wallis 1872 (G, lectotype designated by Grolle 1988).— Fig. 12A–I.</p> <p>Cheilolejeunea invaginata Schuster (1978: 427) syn. fide Gradstein &amp; Bastos (2021)</p> <p>Plants yellowish to light brown, 1–1.5 mm wide. Stems in cross section 130–150 µm in diameter, 8–12 epidermal cells, 24–40 × 12–20 µm; 15–20 medullary cells, 8–20 × 6–15 µm. Ventral merophytes 2–4 cells wide. Leaves imbricate to subimbricate, ovate to oblong-orbicular, 720–900 × 500–550 µm, convex, apex recurved, margin entire and apex acute, ventral margin curved; cells hexagonal, smooth to slightly mammillose on the dorsal side, trigones inconspicuous to conspicuous; basal cells 18–40 × 10–22 µm, median cells 12–30 × 11–16 µm, marginal cells 9–16 × 10–14 µm. Lobules trapezoid-rectangular to oblong, 1/3–2/5 of leaf length, free margin flat, generally with two teeth, first tooth blunt, second tooth usually indistinct. Underleaves remote to contiguous, orbicular to ovate, 300–530 × 300–550 µm, 3–5 × stem width, bifid to 1/4–1/3 with a V-shaped sinus, margin entire, bases cuneate to slightly rounded. Autoicous. Androecia on the main stem, with 1–3 pairs of bracts orbicular. Gynoecia on the main stem or on branches, with lejeuneoid innovations, bracts obovate, 800 × 550 µm, apex acute, lobule 350 × 110 µm, apex acuminate; bracteoles oblong 800 × 550 µm, bifid to 1/5. Perianth 4-keeled to terete, obovate to elongate pyriform, beak absent or very short. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Andean, occurring in the northern and central Andes, in Colombia, Ecuador, and Bolivia (Zhu 2006, Gradstein &amp; Bastos 2021). This species grows on tree trunks and the branches of shrubs in the study area, in upper montane rainforest and grass páramos, between 2500–3600 m, in the Magdalena province of the Pacific dominion, and in the Páramo province of SATZ (Fig. 13).</p> <p>Notes:—Recognized by the rather robust plants, yellowish to light brown, with merophyte 2–4 cells wide, leaves recurved at the apex, apex acute, with smooth cells with inconspicuous trigones. Morphologically resembles C. erostrata, although C. laevicalyx has inconspicuous trigones, underleaf bases cuneate to slightly rounded (not Ushaped), and lejeuneoid innovations (not pycnolejeuneoid).</p> <p>In their description of C. laevicalyx, Gradstein &amp; Bastos (2021) noted the presence of the species in Costa Rica. We studied one specimen in the ALCB herbarium from Costa Rica that had previously been identified as C. laevicalyx – it actually belongs to C. lobulata. Therefore, we consider the record of the species from Costa Rica as doubtful.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— COLOMBIA. Boyacá: Aquitania, páramo de <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.82119&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.5201387" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.82119/lat 5.5201387)">Toquilla</a>, 5°31’12.5’’ N, 72°49’16.3’’ W, 3066 m, 7 December 2021, Gil-Novoa &amp; Costa, 3677 (UPTC); Ventaquemada, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.82119&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.5201387" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.82119/lat 5.5201387)">Páramo de Rabanal</a>, 05°24’53,3”N, 73°32’35,6”W, 3330 m, 15 February 2019, Acosta 112, 115 (UPTC); 8-10 January 2015, Hernández-Ruiz 47, 71, 87, 122, 129, 271 (UPTC). Cundinamarca: Bogotá, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.82119&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.5201387" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.82119/lat 5.5201387)">Ciudad Bolivar</a>, May 2014, Cabrera 1716A-2, 1786A-2, 1788A-1 (JBB); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.82119&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.5201387" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.82119/lat 5.5201387)">Páramo El Tablazo</a>, 3500 m, 20 October 1988, Thiers 5494, 5504 (NY), 20 December 1988, Schuster 88-982 (COL).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF8CFF81198E6ACF269EF930	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF8EFF80198E680322C5FBF7.text	03C88B15FF8EFF80198E680322C5FBF7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea lineata (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Schiffner 1893	<div><p>18. Cheilolejeunea lineata (Lehm. &amp; Lindenb.) Schiffner (1893: 124).—</p> <p>Jungermannia lineata Lehm. &amp; Lindenb. (in Lehmann 1832: 53).</p> <p>Type:—”Bourbon”, Bory de St. Vincent s.n. (?) (not seen).— Fig. 12J–R.</p> <p>Plants light brown, 1.3–2 mm wide. Stems 120–140 µm in diameter, (7–)8 epidermal cells in cross section, 17–26 × 8.5–13.5 µm; (9–)11–15 medullary cells, 9–16 × 5–11 µm. Ventral merophytes 2 cells wide. Leaves imbricate, ovate, convex, 900–1100 × 600–650 µm; margin commonly entire or crenulate by mammillose cells; apex broadly rounded, dorsal margin curve; papillose on the dorsal side, conspicuous trigones; basal cells 36–54 × 13–23 µm, median cells 26–35 × 17–20 µm, marginal cells 7–17 × 8–11 µm. Lobule globose, 1/4–1/3 of leaf length, free margin strongly involute, keel curved. Underleaves distant, orbicular, 280–300 × 240–360 µm, 2–3 × stem width, bifid to 1/4–1/3, with sinus acute, margin entire, base cuneate. Dioicous. Androecia commonly on the main stem, or at the apex of the branches, 4–6 pairs of bracts. Gynoecia on branches without innovations, bracts obovate, 700 × 550 µm, apex acute. Perianth without keels, without beak. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Neotropical, occurring in Puerto Rico, Dominica, Costa Rica, Colombia, and Brazil (Bastos 2017). This species grows associated with tree trunks and branches in the study area, in lowland and lower montane rainforests, between 30–1850 m in the Guatuso-Talamanca, Puntarenas-Chiriquí, Magdalena, Cauca, and Chocó-Darién provinces of the Pacific dominion. The record of C. lineata occurring in the Páramo (Fig. 13), actually belongs to the Cauca province.</p> <p>Notes:—The species is characterized by the peculiar shape of the lobule, which is fully orbicular and has a fully rolled margin, in addition to bulging cells reflective of the mammillose cells.</p> <p>Cheilolejeunea lineata was originally described from Réunion (“Bourbon”), without citation of a collector (Lehmann 1832). In a discussion of the type, Bastos (2017) suggested that the original material might have been collected by Bory de St. Vincent. The type should be in S (hb. Lehmann) and perhaps in W (hb. Lindenberg), and has not been seen; a duplicate, from the Lehmann herbarium, is housed at G (00283421!). Evans (1906) suggested an error in the original citation of the type locality as the range of the species seemed restricted to the West Indies (see also Grolle 1995). Although he did not select a lectotype, Evans (1906) cited material from Puerto Rico collected by Schwanecke and by Sintenis (erroneously cited by Bastos 2017 as “Tipo”) and four collections made by himself at El Yunque (Evans 38, 46, 62, 99), some of which are housed in NY. Clearly, a study of the type material of C. lineata is necessary. The currently known distribution for the species is Central America, West Indies, and South America (Colombia and Brazil).</p> <p>Specimens examined:— COLOMBIA. Antioquia: Guatapé, 6°14’N, 75°10’W, 1850 m, 13 June 1997, Gutierrez 1183, 1280 (HUA). Chocó: Road Santa Cecilia – Tadó 200 m, 1 August 1992, Gradstein 8741 (COL); Biological Station “El Amargal” at the Pacific coast S of Nuqui, 30 m, 6 August 1992, Gradstein 8853, 8897 (COL). COSTA RICA. Puntarenas: Osa Peninsula, 250–300 m, 31 October 1993, Gradstein 9355 (COL).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF8EFF80198E680322C5FBF7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF8FFF87198E6B5922CEFCE0.text	03C88B15FF8FFF87198E6B5922CEFCE0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea lobulata (Lindenberg) Gradstein & Bastos 2020	<div><p>19. Cheilolejeunea lobulata (Lindenberg) Gradstein &amp; Bastos (2020: 29).—</p> <p>Lejeunea lobulata Lindenberg (in Gottsche et al. 1845: 353).</p> <p>Type:— ST. KITTS, “St. Christopher”, Breutel s.n. (isotype G).— Fig. 12S–Z.</p> <p>Cheilolejeunea nana Schuster (1978: 426), syn. fide Bastos &amp; Gradstein (2020)</p> <p>Cheilolejeunea oncophylla (Ångstrom 1876: 86) Grolle &amp; Reiner (1997: 781), syn. fide Bastos &amp; Gradstein (2020)</p> <p>Plants light brown to almost yellowish, 0.6–0.9 mm wide. Stems in cross section 60–100 µm in diameter, 7–8 epidermal cells, 113–25 × 18–29 µm; 10–16 medullary cells, 9–18 × 5–11 µm. Ventral merophytes 2 cells wide. Leaves distant to contiguous, ovate to ovate, slightly concave, 330–410 × 240–330 µm; margin entire, apex rounded to obtuse, dorsal margin curve; cells slightly mammillose on the dorsal side and with a low papilla, conspicuous trigones; basal cells 18–27 × 12–18 µm, median cells 17–27 × 12–20 µm, marginal cells 10–18 × 9–16 µm. Lobules inflated, ovate to rectangular, 1/3–2/5 of leaf length, free margin involute, apical tooth acute formed by a long cell, 15–22 × 9–15 µm, keel arched, crenate by mammillose cells. Underleaves distant, orbicular to ovate, 130–200 × 120–170 µm, 1.5–2.5 × stem width, bifid to 1/3 to 1/2, with a V-shaped sinus, margin entire, base cuneate. Autoicous or dioicous. Androecia axillary or terminal, 1–3 pairs of bracts. Gynoecia with pycnolejeuneoid innovations, bracts obovate, 510–550 × 300– 330 µm, apex acute, lobule 300 × 100 µm, bracteole ovate, 390–420 × 350–450 µm, bifid to 1/3. Perianth 5-keeled, generally with very strong keels, beak long.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Neotropical, occurring in Caribbean islands, Costa Rica, Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, and Argentina (Bastos 2017, Grolle &amp; Reiner- Drehwald 1999). This species is widely distributed in the study area, growing as an epiphyte on tree trunks and branches, in the inter-Andean desert and in semi-desert vegetation, lowland rainforest, lower and upper montane rainforests, grass páramos, and shrub and cushion páramos, between 200–4000 m, in the Guatuso-Talamanca, Puntarenas-Chiriquí, Guajira, Magdalena, and Cauca provinces of the Pacific dominion, and in the Páramo province of SATZ (Fig. 13).</p> <p>Notes:—A variable species, characterized by leaves slightly concave, the apex rounded to obtuse, cells mammillose on the dorsal side whit a low papilla (see Gradstein 2021, Gradstein &amp; Bastos 2022), with conspicuous trigones, and underleaves distant, small 1.5–2 × width stem, bifid up to 1/3, base cuneate, and occasionally with vegetative reproduction by branches caducous (Grolle &amp; Reiner-Drehwald 1997). This species can be confused with C. acutangula (see Gradstein &amp; Bastos 2021) but the latter has usually acute leaf apices (not rounded to obtuse) and larger underleaves, 2.5–4 × stem width (not 1.5–2×).</p> <p>Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: Itatiaia, 2400 m, 12 April 2000, Costa 3831 (RB); Rio de Janeiro, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-43.291668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.947498" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -43.291668/lat -22.947498)">Parna Tijuca</a>, 22°56’51”S, 43°17’30”W, 507 m, 19 April 2006, Santos 456 (RB); Teresópolis, Parna Serra dos Órg „os, 22°27’66”S, 43°19’90”W, 20 March 2007, Costa 4679 (RB). São Paulo: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-46.46417&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.86139" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -46.46417/lat -23.86139)">Cubat</a> „o, 23°51’41”S, 46°27’51”W, 780 m, 27 January 2017, Prudêncio 457 (RB). COLOMBIA. Antioquia: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.233333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.166664/lat 6.233333)">Guatapé</a>, 6°14’N, 75°10’W, 1850 m, 28 June 1997, Gutierrez 1281 (HUA); La Estrella, 6°8’50.4”N, 75°37’47.3”W, 1697 m, Odoñez 151 (HUA); Medellín, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.511665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.253611" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.511665/lat 6.253611)">Santa Elena</a>, 6°15’13”N, 72°30’42”W, 2528 m, 30 July 2005, Londoño 132 (HUA); Santo Domingo, 1080 m, 24 October 2017, Ordoñez 635 (HUA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.35992&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.723639" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.35992/lat 5.723639)">Sonsón</a>, 5°43’25.1”N, 75°21’35.7”W, 2641 m, 02 November 2013, Arango 177 (UDBC). Cundinamarca: Páramo El Tablazo, 3500 m, 20 October 1988, Thiers 5487 (COL). Casanare: Sacama, Road Socha– Sacama, 3050 m, 4 August 2017, Gradstein 12712 (COL, UPTC). Huila: Acevedo, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.104164&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.6163889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.104164/lat 1.6163889)">Macizo</a> colombiano, 1°36’59”N, 76°6’15”W, 2100 m, 29 November 2001, Castillo 2340 A (HUA). Risaralda: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.8333335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.51667/lat 4.8333335)">Santa Rosa de Cabal</a>, 4°50’N, 75°31’W, 2970 m, 22 January 1986, Wolf 643, 723 (COL). Tolima: Santa Isabel, 2950–3520 m, 29 July 1980, Aguirre-C 1517, 1618 (COL). COSTA RICA. San José: Cerro de la Muerte, 3350 m, 26 December 1999, Schäfer-Verwimp &amp; Holz SV / H-0160 (ALCB). ECUADOR. Carchi: El Angel - Tulcan Rd., Voladero, 3900 m, 10 April 1987, Thiers 4445 (QCA). Loja: Parque Nacional Podocarpus, 2700, 11 November 2009, Gradstein 12262 (QCA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-79.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.116667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -79.166664/lat -4.116667)">Parque Nacional Podocarpus</a>, 4°07’S, 79°10’W, 2900 m, 22 January 2011, Schafer-Verwimp 31820/ A (QCA). Zamora - Chinchipe: Parque Nacional Podocarpus, 3000–3100 m, 27 April 2008, Burghardt 7098 (QCA). VENEZUELA. Mérida: Sierra Nevada de Mérida, February 1976, R. M. Schuster 76-1450 (F); National Park Sierra Nevada, 3450 m, Schäfer-Verwimp &amp; Verwimp 12325 (ALCB). Tachira: s. of Villa Paez, Betania, 2560 m, 2 March 1976, Schuster 76-2065b (F).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF8FFF87198E6B5922CEFCE0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF88FF87198E6C2C2348FA44.text	03C88B15FF88FF87198E6C2C2348FA44.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea norisiae Dauphin & Gradstein 2003	<div><p>20. Cheilolejeunea norisiae Dauphin &amp; Gradstein (2003: 259).</p> <p>Type:— PANAMA. Panamá: Cerro Azul, Sendero El Cantar, open secondary growth area next to forested area, 9°12’57”N, 79°24’32”W, 800–900 m, 20 March 1996, G. Dauphin 96-23 (holotype PMA!).— Fig. 12 AA –EE.</p> <p>Plants yellowish green, in herbarium material light brown, ca. 0.8 mm wide. Stems in cross section 50 µm in diameter, 7 epidermal cells and 9 medullary cells. Ventral merophytes 2 cells wide. Leaves subimbricate, ovate, flat, 170–190 × 230–300 µm; margin ciliate-crenate, apex acute-laciniate, dorsal and ventral margins curve; cells hexagonal, papillose on the dorsal side, conspicuous trigones; basal cells 16–28 × 10–11 µm, median cells 18–20 × 12–17 µm, marginal cells 10–17 × 1–16 µm. Lobules rectangular, inflated, 1/3–1/2 of leaf length, free margin involute, apical tooth short, formed by 2–3 rectangular cells, 18 × 10 µm, keel arched and strongly papillose. Underleaves distant, orbicular to ovate, 125–135 × 105–110 µm, 1.5–2 × stem width, bifid to 1/4–1/3, V-shaped sinus, margin entire, base cuneate. Reproductive structures not seen.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Panama and Cuba (Mustelier-Martinez 2012). This species grows as an epiphyte on tree trunks in the study area, near streams, between 700–1000 m, in lower montane rainforests, in the GuatusoTalamanca and Puntarenas-Chiriquí provinces of the Pacific dominion (Dauphin &amp; Gradstein 2003, Schäfer-Verwimp 2014) (Fig. 13).</p> <p>Comments: —Ciliate-crenate margins are characteristic of this species, making it easily identifiable, together with characteristics such as the ventral merophyte only 2 cells wide, and lobule keel strongly papillose.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF88FF87198E6C2C2348FA44	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF88FF85198E6ACF233AFE83.text	03C88B15FF88FF85198E6ACF233AFE83.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea ornata Bastos 2011	<div><p>21. Cheilolejeunea ornata Bastos (2011: 86).</p> <p>Type:— BRAZIL. Bahia: Igrapiúna, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.166668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.8" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.166668/lat -13.8)">Reserva Ecologica Michelin</a>, 13°48’S, 39°10’W, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.166668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.8" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.166668/lat -13.8)">Fragmento Pacangê</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.166668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.8" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.166668/lat -13.8)">Floresta Atlântica</a>, 11 August 2006, C. Bastos 4681 (holotype ALCB!).</p> <p>Plants light brown, 0.4–0.55 mm wide. Stems in cross section 40–50 µm in diameter, 7–8 epidermal cells, and 5–7 medullary cells. Ventral merophytes 2 cells wide. Leaves contiguous to subimbricate, orbicular to ovate-elongate with flat to strongly recurved apex, 200–250 × 150–190 µm; margin slightly dentate by projecting cells; apex acute to apiculate, ending in one or two cells; dorsal margin plane to recurved, ventral margin strongly curved; cells oblong to more commonly ovate, strongly papillose by one large papilla on the dorsal side, trigones usually conspicuous; basal cells 16–25 × 12–18 µm, median cells 15–21 × 10–15 µm, marginal cells 8–12 × 8–11 µm. Lobules fully inflated, triangular-ovoid, 1/3 of leaf length, free margin involute, tooth acute, formed by a triangular cell; keel arched, strongly papillose. Underleaves long distant, obovate, small, 80–0 × 80–100 µm, 1.5–2x stem width, bifid to 1/4–1/3, with a V-shaped sinus, apex of lobules obtuse, margin entire, insertion curved. Possibly dioicous. Androecia on shortspecialized branches, 2–3 pairs of orbicular or inflated bracts. Gynoecia not seen.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—This is a rare species, distributed in the Brazilian Amazon Forest, in lower montane rainforest of Ecuador and in Cuba (Cañiza-Ovelar &amp; Bastos, 2022). This species grows at 1890 m in the Cauca province of the Pacific dominion province (not in the Páramo province, Fig. 13), on bark of trees in lower montane rainforest (Gradstein &amp; Benitez, 2017).</p> <p>Notes:—The species is characterized by the size of the plants, generally narrower than 500 µm, ventral merophyte 2 cells wide, cells of lobe, lobule and keel strongly papillose by one large papilla, and underleaves small, distant, 1.5– 2× stem width. It is very likely that the species has a wider distribution range in the Andes. The species is considered here as Data Deficient-new (DD-n) (Sérgio et al. 2007, UCN 2001).</p> <p>Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Bahia: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.4&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-17.883333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.4/lat -17.883333)">Porto Seguro</a>, 17°53’S, 39°24’W, 180 m, 5 July 1990, SchäferVerwimp &amp; Verwimp, 12890/ A (ALCB). Roraima: Caracaraí, Serra da Mocidade, 600 m, Araújo 1217a (ALCB).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF88FF85198E6ACF233AFE83	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF8AFF84198E6E8D231FFC8B.text	03C88B15FF8AFF84198E6E8D231FFC8B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea ovalis (Lindenberg & Gottsche) Ye 2015	<div><p>22. Cheilolejeunea ovalis (Lindenberg &amp; Gottsche) Ye et al. (2015: 326).—</p> <p>Lejeunea ovalis Lindenberg &amp; Gottsche (in Gottsche et al. 1847: 754).</p> <p>Type:— VENEZUELA. Merida, Moritz s.n. (G, lectotype designated by Gradstein 2013).— Fig. 14A–I.</p> <p>Plants light brown to dark brown, 0.75–1.2 mm wide. Stems in cross section 110–130 µm in diameter, 12–20 epidermal cells, 12–29 × 10–16 µm; 26–48 medullary cells, 11–20 × 7–13 µm. Ventral merophytes 6–8 cells wide. Leaves subimbricate, ovate, flat to strongly recurved, 540–770 × 490–630 µm, margin entire, apex rounded to obtuse; cells hexagonal, mammillose on the dorsal side, conspicuous trigones; basal cells 20–28 × 17–25 µm, median cells 17–30 × 14–18 µm, marginal cells 8–15 × 6–10 µm. Lobules trapezoid, 1/4–1/3 of leaf length, free margin flat, keel straight. Underleaves subimbricate to imbricate, ovate to oblong, 670–870 × 460–750 µm, 3–5 × stem width, margin entire, insertion U-shaped. Dioicous. Androecia commonly on the main stem, or at the apex of the branches, 4–6 pairs of bracts. Gynoecia on long branches, with lejeuneoid innovations, bracts obovate, 700–810 × 350–400 µm, apex acute, bracteoles 340–380 × 60–110 µm. Perianth 5-keeled, keels weak to very strong, beak short. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Neotropical, occurring in Jamaica, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Panamá, Venezuela (type), Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Brazil (Bastos 2017). This species grows in the study area as an epiphyte on trunks and branches of trees and shrubs, in savanna and deciduous forest, lowland rainforest, lower montane rainforest and upper montane rainforest, between 100–3000 m, in the Puntarenas-Chiriquí, Guajira, Venezuelan, Magdalena, Cauca, Ecuadorian, and Galápagos Islands provinces of the Pacific dominion. The record of C. ovalis occurring in the Páramo (Fig. 15), actually belongs to the Magdalena province.</p> <p>Notes: —The species is characterized by having the ventral merophyte 6–8 cells wide, ovate leaf lobes with an obtuse to apex acute, and underleaves ovate, distinctly longer than wide, and entire. Due to its pendulous growth form, it can be confused with C. filiformis, although the latter differs by having leaves orbicular (not ovate), with apex rounded (not obtuse), underleaves orbicular (not ovate to oblong), and perianth terete (not 5-keeled).</p> <p>Specimens examined:— COLOMBIA. Boyacá: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.399025&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.741361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.399025/lat 5.741361)">Arcabuco</a>, 5°44’28.9’’N, 73°23’56.5’’W, 2060 m, 8 December 2021, Gil-Novoa &amp; Costa 3688 (UPTC); Mongua, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.399025&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.741361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.399025/lat 5.741361)">Sirguaza</a>, 5°44’35,5”N, 73°41’42,4”W, 3129 m, 16 March 2015, Gil-Novoa 3063 (UPTC); Tibaná, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.399025&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.741361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.399025/lat 5.741361)">Ruche</a>, 5°17’94.3”N, 73°20’49.8”W, 2850 m, 13 May 2012, Moreno 765, 780, 798 (UPTC); Tunja, RFP <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.399025&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.741361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.399025/lat 5.741361)">El Malmo</a>, 3200 m, 8 March 2003, Álvaro 432 (UPTC). Casanare: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.399025&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.741361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.399025/lat 5.741361)">La Salina</a>, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.399025&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.741361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.399025/lat 5.741361)">Rodrigoque</a>, 2600 m, 18 August 1982, Aguirre 3214 (COL). Cundinamarca: Bogotá, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.399025&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.741361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.399025/lat 5.741361)">Cerros Orientales</a>, 4°41’15.6”N, 74°0’43.7”W, 3033 m, May 2018, Malagón 1336 (COL); Chipaque, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.399025&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.741361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.399025/lat 5.741361)">Marilandia</a>, 4°26’01.8”N, 74°05’28.1”W, 2988 m, 4 November 2016, Zuluaga 46 (UDBC). Huila: Acevedo, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.399025&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.741361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.399025/lat 5.741361)">Macizo</a> colombiano, 1°36’59”N, 76°6’15”W, 2100 m, 26 November 2001, Castillo 2031g, 2032a (COL). Magdalena: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.399025&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.741361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.399025/lat 5.741361)">Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta</a>, 1650 m, June, 1977, Griffin III 50170 (COL). Quindio: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.399025&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.741361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.399025/lat 5.741361)">Salento</a>, 2700–2890, 7 May 1990, Uribe 969 (COL). Risaralda: Mistrató, road <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.399025&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.741361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.399025/lat 5.741361)">Mistrato-San Lorenzo de Chami</a>, 1800 m, 30 July 1992, Gradstein 8661a (COL); Pereira, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.399025&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.741361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.399025/lat 5.741361)">Parque Regional Natural</a> “Ucumarí”, 2150 m, 5 December 1989, Aguirre 8450 (COL); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.399025&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.741361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.399025/lat 5.741361)">Subandean</a> forest belt, 2650 m, 16-19 July 1980, Gradstein 3574 (COL). Tolima: Santa Isabel, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.399025&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.741361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.399025/lat 5.741361)">Purima</a>, 2340 m, 2 August 1980, Gradstein 3622 (COL). Valle del Cauca: Cali, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.399025&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.741361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.399025/lat 5.741361)">San Antonio</a>, 1800 m, 1 November 1986, Cardona de Hollaender 125 (CUVC). COSTA RICA. San Pedro de San Ramón, 3 February 1934, Brenes 19078 (NY). ECUADOR. Pichincha: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.399025&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.741361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.399025/lat 5.741361)">Vella Vista Cloud Forest Reserve</a>, 00°01’S, 78°41’W, 2300–2400 m, 26 July 2007, Wilbraham E07-36 (QCA). Galápagos Islands: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.399025&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.741361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.399025/lat 5.741361)">San Cristóbal</a>, 350–400 m, Gradstein H298 (PMA). PANAMÁ. Los Santos: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.399025&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.741361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.399025/lat 5.741361)">Las Tablas</a>, 950 m, Troll 157 (PMA).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF8AFF84198E6E8D231FFC8B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FF8BFF84198E6C9C270AF7C4.text	03C88B15FF8BFF84198E6C9C270AF7C4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea paramicola (Herzog) Ye 2015	<div><p>23. Cheilolejeunea paramicola (Herzog) Ye et al. (2015: 326).—</p> <p>Brachiolejeunea paramicola Herzog (1934: 95).</p> <p>Type:— COLOMBIA. Cundinamarca: Páramo El Boquerón bei Bogotá, 3500 m, C. Troll 2165 (holotype JE).— Fig. 14J–Q.</p> <p>Plants dark brown to light brown, 0.9–1.7 mm wide. Stems in cross section 130–160 µm in diameter, 20–24 epidermal cells in cross section, 15–38 × 9–23 µm; 21–31 medullary cells, 13–19 × 9–25 µm. Ventral merophytes 6–8 cells wide. Leaves subimbricate to imbricate, ovate, flat to slightly recurved at the apex, 870–1350 × 570–880 µm, margin entire, apex rounded, dorsal and ventral margin curves; cells hexagonal to long-hexagonal, mammillose on the dorsal side, conspicuous trigones; basal cells 14–30 × 8–13 µm, median cells 11–17 × 6–11 µm, marginal cells 8–12 × 4–8 µm. Lobules rectangular, ca. 1/2 of leaf length, margin free flat, apical tooth obtuse, keel arched. Underleaves subimbricate to imbricate, orbicular to reniform, 560–800 × 680–980 µm, 4–6 × stem width, margin entire, insertion U-shaped. Autoicous. Androecia on short branches, 4–6 pairs of bracts. Gynoecia on the main stem, with lejeuneoid innovations, bracts ovate, 1200 × 680 µm, apex acute, bracts lobule 620 × 300 µm, bracteole ovate 900 × 800 µm. Perianth pluriplicate, with 5–6 strong keels and 4–5 additional weaker keels, beak short. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Restricted to the mountains of the northern Andes, occurring in Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador (Gradstein 2021). In the study area is growing on tree trunks and branches of shrubs, between 2600–4000 m (Gradstein 2021), in upper montane rainforest and grass páramos of provinces Magdalena and Cauca of Pacific dominion, and the Páramo province of SATZ (Fig. 15).</p> <p>Notes: —The species can be recognized by its dark brown color, rectangular lobules, underleaves undivided, orbicular to reniform, 4–6 × stem width, and especially by the pluriplicate perianth, with 5–6 strong and 4–5 weak keels.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— COLOMBIA. Boyacá: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.16772&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.46" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.16772/lat 5.46)">Chinavita</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.16772&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.46" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.16772/lat 5.46)">Páramo de Mamapacha</a>, 3350 m, 22 March 2002, Zipa 239A, 255A, 240A, 230A (UPTC); Ciénega, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.16772&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.46" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.16772/lat 5.46)">Albañil</a>, 3130 m, 24 May 2006, Cabrejo 37 (UPTC); Siachoque, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.16772&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.46" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.16772/lat 5.46)">San José</a>, 05°27’36”N, 73°10’3.8” W, 3343 m, 12 November 2012, Gil-Novoa 2367 (UPTC); Tibaná, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.16772&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.46" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.16772/lat 5.46)">Chiguatá</a>, 5°17’19,03”N, 73°20’41.16”W, 2800 m, 3 August 2012, Moreno 610 (UPTC); Tunja, RFP <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.16772&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.46" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.16772/lat 5.46)">El Malmo</a>, 3260 m, 4 October 2003, Álvaro 581 (UPTC). Casanare: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.16772&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.46" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.16772/lat 5.46)">La Salina</a>, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.16772&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.46" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.16772/lat 5.46)">Rodrigoque</a>, 2600 m, 18 August 1982, Aguirre 3169 (COL). Cundinamarca: Bogotá: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.16772&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.46" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.16772/lat 5.46)">Ciudad Bolívar</a>, 4°25’19.3”N, 74°10’26.4”W, 3377 m, 5 November 2014, Guitiérrez 1996A-3 (JBB); Chipaque, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.16772&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.46" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.16772/lat 5.46)">Alto de Boquerón</a>, 4°27’51”N, 74°04’28.5”W, 3231–3300, 4 November 2016, Zuluaga 78 (UDBC); Guachetá, along road <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.16772&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.46" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.16772/lat 5.46)">Guasca–Guachetá</a>, 3400 m, Gradstein s.n. (COL, QCA); Guasca, 3150 m, 7 August, 1980, Gradstein 3674 (COL); Subachoque, cuchilla “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.16772&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.46" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.16772/lat 5.46)">El Tablazo</a> ”, 3500 m, 20 October 1988, Schuster 88- 996 (COL). Risaralda: Camino real entre <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.16772&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.46" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.16772/lat 5.46)">Termales de St. Rosa</a> y <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.16772&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.46" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.16772/lat 5.46)">Hda. La Sierra</a>, 4°49’N, 75°30’W, 3510 m, 24 April 1986, Wolf 806, 954 (COL). ECUADOR. Azuay: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.16772&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.46" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.16772/lat 5.46)">Páramo de Patococha</a>, 3300–3500, 3 March 2017, Gradstein 12671c (QCA). VENEZUELA. Táchira: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.16772&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.46" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.16772/lat 5.46)">Páramo de Tamá</a>, 3140 m, 1 March 1976, Schuster 76-1920 (F). Furthermore, recorded in Colombia from Quindío and Santander, and in Ecuador from Carchi, Pichincha and Zamora Chinchipe (Gradstein 2021).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FF8BFF84198E6C9C270AF7C4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FFB4FFBB198E6F8C2717F853.text	03C88B15FFB4FFBB198E6F8C2717F853.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea quinquecarinata (Schuster) Ye 2015	<div><p>24. Cheilolejeunea quinquecarinata (Schuster) Ye et al. (2015: 326).—</p> <p>Aureolejeunea quinquecarinata Schuster (1978: 429).</p> <p>Type:— VENEZUELA. Tachira: Parque Nacional El Tamá, Base of Pico de Bandeiras; between Páramo and Mirador, R.M. Schuster &amp; L. Ruíz-Terán 76-1921d (holotype F!).— Fig. 14R–Y.</p> <p>Plants brown light, robust, 1.2–1.6 mm wide. Stems 110–150 µm in diameter in cross section. Ventral merophytes 2–3(–4) cells wide. Leaves imbricate, orbicular to ovate; leaf lobe ovate, strongly convex, especially at the apex, 900–1150 × 600–750 µm; margin entire, apex rounded; cells hexagonal elongated, mammillose on the dorsal side, conspicuous trigones; basal cells 15–20 × 10–14 µm, median cells 16–22x 10–16 µm, marginal cells 11–16 × 10–16 µm. Lobules rectangular, 1/3–1/2, free margin flat; first tooth generally not easily observed, formed by one cell, second tooth triangular, 1–3 cells long, 1–2 cells wide at the base; keel slightly curved. Underleaves contiguous to imbricate, orbicular to slightly reniform, 600–630 × 650–700 µm, 4–5.5 × stem width, undivided, margin slightly recurved, insertion U-shaped. Autoicous. Androecia on the principal stem or branches, 3–4 pairs of bracts. Gynoecia with 1–2 lejeuneoid innovations. Perianth with 5 keels, beak short. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Neotropical, occurring in Dominican Republic, northern South America, and the Guayana Highlands (Bastos &amp; Gradstein 2020, Schäfer-Verwimp et al. 2013). The species grows in the study area as an epiphyte on the branches of shrubs, in upper montane rainforest, grass páramos, and shrub and cushion páramos, between 2260–4100 m, in the Cauca province of the Pacific dominion, and in the Páramo province of SATZ (Fig. 16).</p> <p>Notes: —The species is characterized by the robust, light brown plants with convex leaves with mammillose cells, ventral merophyte 2–3 cells wide, lobules rectangular and underleaves orbicular to reniform, with margins slightly recurved. Although the species is considered to occur almost exclusively in páramos vegetation, Schäfer-Verwimp et al. (2013) recorded it at 2500 m in Ecuador and here is recorded from 2268 m in Colombia.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— COLOMBIA. Risaralda: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.500275&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.8025002" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.500275/lat 4.8025002)">Santa Rosa de Cabal</a>, 4°48’09”N, 75°30’01”W, 3730 m, 22 July 1980, Aguirre-C, 1365 (COL). Santander: El Hato, 6°36’10.5”N, 73°21’38,1”W, 2268 m, 25 August 2017, Cuta 145, 507 (UPTC).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FFB4FFBB198E6F8C2717F853	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FFB5FFBA198E6F8C276DFBD5.text	03C88B15FFB5FFBA198E6F8C276DFBD5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea revoluta (Herzog) Gradstein & Grolle	<div><p>25. Cheilolejeunea revoluta (Herzog) Gradstein &amp; Grolle (in Gradstein et al. 1993: 59).—</p> <p>Pycnolejeunea revoluta Herzog (1955: 193).</p> <p>Type:— COLOMBIA. Santander: Vicin. of Charta, 2000-2600 m, 1–11 February 1927, E. P. Killip 18944 (holotype JE, isotype B- 300025994, G).— Fig. 14Z –FF.</p> <p>Plants grayish to yellowish green, robust, 1.1–2 mm wide. Stems in cross section 120–300 µm in diameter, 15–18 epidermal cells, 25–48 × 15–30 µm; 29–42 medullary cells, 12–36 × 7–26 µm. Ventral merophytes (5–)6–8 cells wide. Leaves imbricate, orbicular, flat to slightly recurved at the apex, 0.78–1.2 × 0.7–1.1 mm, margin entire, apex rounded to slightly apiculate; cells mammillose on the dorsal side, conspicuous trigones; basal cells 23–42 × 14–34 µm, median cells 22–40 × 19–29 µm, marginal cells 15–23 × 9–23 µm. Lobules triangular to rectangular, 1/6–1/4 of leaf length, apical tooth acute, formed by a long cell 12 × 24 µm, free margin involute, keel straight. Underleaves imbricate, reniform, 360–580 × 620–900 µm, 3–5 × stem width, bifid to 1/6–1/5, with a sinus small, margin revolute, insertion in U-shaped. Dioicous. Androecia intercalary (?) on the principal stem or branches, 3–6 pairs of bracts. Gynoecia on short branches, with 1–2 pycnolejeuneoid innovations, bracts ovate, 1300 × 850 µm, apex acute, bracts lobule 500–160 µm, bracteole obcordate, 920–950 µm, bifid to 1/4. Perianth with 5 strong keels, beak short. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Neotropical, occurring in Costa Rica, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Brazil (Bastos 2017, N̂ske et al. 2003). This species grows on tree trunks and in tree canopies as well as on rocks in the study area, in the interior and at the edges of lower montane rainforests, between 700–2650 m (Gradstein 2021), in the Guatuso-Talamanca, Puntarenas-Chiriquí, and Magdalena provinces of the Pacific dominion. The record of C. revoluta occurring in Páramo (Fig. 16), actually belongs to the Cauca province.</p> <p>Notes: —The species is characterized by plants robust (1.1–2 mm wide), grayish, ventral merophyte 6–8 cells wide, and underleaves reniform, shortly bifid, with revolute apical margin.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-43.51&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-19.246944" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -43.51/lat -19.246944)">Morro do Pilar</a>, 19°14’49”S, 43°30’36”W, 1246 m, 27 July 2011, Costa 5296 (RB). COLOMBIA. Santander: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.36058&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.6029167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.36058/lat 6.6029167)">El Hato</a>, 6°36’10.5”N, 73°21’38,1”W, 2268 m, 25 August 2017, Cuta 145, 507 (UPTC). COSTA RICA. Puntarenas: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.09167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.947223" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.09167/lat 8.947223)">Fila Tigra</a>, 8°56’50”N, 82°5’30”W, 1100 m, Dauphin &amp; Chacón 1990 (INB). VENEZUELA. Bolivar: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-63.45&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.9" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -63.45/lat 4.9)">Cerro Guaiaquinima</a>, 4°54’N, 63°27’W, 1250 m, 8 Frebruary 1990, Sipman 26763 (VEN).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FFB5FFBA198E6F8C276DFBD5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FFB5FFBF198E6B78272BFB1F.text	03C88B15FFB5FFBF198E6B78272BFB1F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea rigidula (Montagne) Schuster 1971	<div><p>26. Cheilolejeunea rigidula (Montagne) Schuster (1971: 105).—</p> <p>Lejeunea rigidula Nees ex Montagne (1840: 336).</p> <p>Type:— FRENCH GUIANA. Mont Serpent, Leprieur 257 (PC-Mont. No. 3655 lectotype designated by Grolle in sched. 1979?).— Fig. 17A–J.</p> <p>Cheilolejeunea polyantha Evans (1902: 141), syn. fide Bastos &amp; Gradstein (2020)</p> <p>Cheilolejeunea serpentina (Mitten 1961: 112) Mizutani (1963: 171), syn. fide Bastos (2012a)</p> <p>Plants yellowish green to light green, 0.9–2.0 mm wide. Stems 60–80 µm in diameter, 7(–10) epidermal cells in cross section, 12–30 × 8–21 µm; 10–11 medullary cells, 5–17 × 3–12 µm. Ventral merophytes 2 cells wide. Leaves imbricate, ovate-orbicular, flat, 260–380 × 340–430 µm, margin entire, apex rounded; trigones inconspicuous to conspicuous; basal cells 10–30 × 11–19 µm, median cells 12–24 × 8–18 µm, marginal cells 7–18 × 5–15 µm. Lobules ovoid, inflated, 1/4–1/3 of leaf length, free margin involute, apical tooth oblong and obtuse. Underleaves distant to subimbricate, orbicular, 135–270 × 170–320 µm, 2–3.5 × stem width, bifid to 1/4–1/3, with a V-shaped sinus, base cuneate to rounded. Dioicous. Androecia on short-specialized branches or intercalary on long shoots, 2–6 pairs of bracts globose. Gynoecia with lejeuneoid innovations, bracts spathulate, 490 × 330 µm, apex rounded; bracteole 380 × 320. Perianth with 4 strong keels, beak short. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Pantropical, from southern United States to northern Argentina, including the Caribbean islands (Reiner-Drehwald 1998), and Africa (Bastos 2017). This species is widely distributed in the study area, growing on tree trunks, humus, and rocks in the coastal desert and semi-desert areas, inter-Andean deserts and semi-deserts, savanna, deciduous forests, lowland rainforest, lower and upper montane rainforests, from sea level to 2800 m, in the Puntarenas-Chiriquí, Guatuso-Talamanca, Guajira, Venezuelan, Sabana, Magdalena, Cauca, Chocó-Darién, Galápagos Islands (Gradstein 2021), and Western Ecuador provinces of the Pacific dominion (Fig. 18). Cheilolejeunea rigidula is the most common liverwort species in the Amazon basin (Campos et al. 2019). The records of C. rigidula that apparently are from the Páramo (Fig. 18), actually belong to the Cauca or Magdalena provinces.</p> <p>Notes:—Characterized by having leaves orbicular, flat and apex rounded, underleaves 2–3.5 × the width of the stem, generally distant, dioicous sexuality, and with lejeuneoid innovations.</p> <p>According to Bastos (2017) and Reiner-Drewald (1998) the lectotype was selected by R. Grolle “in sched.”, and there is an isosyntype, also designated by R. Grolle, in NY (NY-00920062).</p> <p>Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Amazonas: S „ o <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-66.38333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.4" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -66.38333/lat -0.4)">Gabriel da Cachoeira</a>, 0°24’S, 66°23’W, 130 m, 5 July 1979, Yano 1713 (RB). Rio de Janeiro: PARNA Tijuca, 22°56’51”S, 43°17’30”W, 607 m, 19 April 2006, Santos 443 (RB); Arboreto do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, 15 December 2000, Costa 186 (RB); Santa Maria Madalena, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-43.291668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.947498" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -43.291668/lat -22.947498)">Muribeca do Imbé</a>, 21°53’73”S, 41°54’67”W, 582 m, 16 May 2017, Costa 1790 (RB). COLOMBIA. Amazonas: Comunidad “Peña Roja”, 0°34’S, 72°08’W, 200 m, 8 July 2000, Idárraga 2338, 2349, 2353 (HUA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.13333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=69.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.13333/lat 69.6)">La Pedrera</a>, 1°18’S, 69°36’N, 325 m, 9 March 1990, Churchill 16090-b (HUA). Antioquia: Anori, El Retiro, 1500 m, 30 June 2016, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=75.89183&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.0398417" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 75.89183/lat 6.0398417)">Farfán</a> C1423 (COL); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=75.89183&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.0398417" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 75.89183/lat 6.0398417)">Buriticá</a>, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=75.89183&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.0398417" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 75.89183/lat 6.0398417)">Higragra</a>, 6°41’59.5”N, 75°53’30.6”O, 1067 m, Carmona 454 (HUA); Caracolí, 700 m, July 2017, Soto, s.n, (CUVC); Corcorna, 6°2’23.43”N, 75°7’1574”W, 830 m, 19 August 2016, Ordoñez 241 (HUA); Guatapé, vereda Santa Rita, 6°14’N, 75°10’W, 1850 m, 14 June 1997, Gutiérrez 1228 (HUA); Ituango, vereda Organí Medio, 7°15’3.540”N, 75°27’26.447”W, 197 m, 28 September 2015, Trujillo 7330 (HUA); Medellín, corregimiento Santa Elena, 6°16’27”N, 75°30’23”W, 2446 m, Londoño 133 (HUA); Urrao, vereda La Clara, 894 m, 19 July 2016, Morales 1065 (HUA). Boyacá: Paez, vereda Yamonta, 1345 m, 2017, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.281395&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.8494444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.281395/lat 4.8494444)">Bravo</a> 980, 981 (JBB); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.281395&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.8494444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.281395/lat 4.8494444)">Santa María</a>, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.281395&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.8494444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.281395/lat 4.8494444)">Caño Negro</a>, 4°50’58”N, 73°16’53”W, 850 m, 7 October 2000, Aguirre 12898 (COL). Cauca: Morales, vereda Santa Barbara, 2°48’8.4”N, 76°43’10.5”W, August 2015, Gómez 556 (HUA). Chocó: Unguía, Cerro Tacarcuna, 1113 m, 4 April 2017, Gil-Novoa 3431 (UPTC); Nuquí, Amargal, 30 m, 6 August 1992, Gradstein, 8864 (COL). Córdoba: Montelíbano, May 2015, López 183 (HUA); Puerto Libertador, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=75.6982&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=7.8405833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 75.6982/lat 7.8405833)">Las Claras</a>, 7°50’26.1”N, 75°41’53.5”O, 84 m, 5 April 2017, Pérez 519 (HUA). Guaviare: San José del Guaviare, 2°34’13.9’’ N, 72°53’05.9’’ W, 301 m, 4 December 2021, Gil-Novoa &amp; Costa 3657, 3658 (UPTC). Huila: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.104164&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.6163889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.104164/lat 1.6163889)">Acevedo</a>, Macizo colombiano, 1°36’59” N, 76°6’15” W, 2100 m, 26 November 2011, Castillo 2358 I (COL). Magdalena: Santa Marta, cuchilla de San Lorenzo, 1800 m, 17 January 1967, Winkler C173 (COL). Meta: Villavicencio, Reserva Forestal Buena Vista, 4°9’09.1”N, 73°39’11.3”W, 645 m, April 2017, Medina 1422 (LLANOS). Nariño: Mosquera, 0 m, 9 November 1992, Linares 3b (COL). Quindío: Circacia, 4°35’N, 75°42’W, 1400 m, 15 April 2000, Orrego 337 (COL). Risaralda: west side of cordillera Occidental, 800 m, 29 July 1992, Gradstein 8639 (COL). Santander: Floridablanca, 7°70’14.8”N, 73°04’7.6”W, 1620–1871 m, 23 June 2014, Uribe 4315, 4322 (COL); Puerto Parra, 126 m, 2014, Castaño T3A2C1M2 (UPTC). Tolima: Santa Isabel, 2960 m, 28 July 1980, Aguirre 1583 (COL); Venadillo, vereda Planadas, 1150 m, 11 August 1980, van Reen 2482 (COL). COSTA RICA. San José: Pacific slope, 2000 feet, 4 October 1947, Svilha 47-736 (NY). ECUADOR. Esmeraldas: Nr. Lita, 500 m, 20 August 2014, Wilson 04-20 (QCA). PANAMÁ. Darien: Pinogana, 50 m, Salazar-A. 9200 (PMA). Panamá: Barro Colorado, N. Salazar-A. 6079 (PMA); Panamá City, 22 April 1991, Gradstein 7886 (HUA, RB). SURINAM. Nickerie: Bekker 1295ab (PMA). VENEZUELA. Amazonas: near mouth of Cañon Grande, 140 m, 00°50’N, 66°10’W, January-February 1985, Halling s.n. (NY). Merida: Distr. Campo Elias, 28 January 1976, Schuster 76-798 (F).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FFB5FFBF198E6B78272BFB1F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FFB0FFBF198E6A31258CF7E7.text	03C88B15FFB0FFBF198E6A31258CF7E7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea schiavoneana Reiner & Gradstein 2017	<div><p>27. Cheilolejeunea schiavoneana Reiner &amp; Gradstein (2017: 326).</p> <p>Type:— COLOMBIA. Risaralda: western side of the Cordillera Occidental, municipio Mistrato, along the trail from Jeguadas to <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.01667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.75" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.01667/lat 5.75)">Puerto de Oro</a>, ca. 5°45’N, 76°01’W, on canopy branches in submontane rainforest, 1200 m, 27 July 1992, S. R. Gradstein 8591 (holotype COL!; isotype GOET).— Fig. 17K–Q.</p> <p>Plants yellowish green to light brown, 1.5–2.4 mm wide. Stems in cross section 150–200 µm in diameter. Ventral merophytes 3–6 cells wide. Leaves imbricate, ovate orbicular, flat, 260–380 × 340–430 µm, margin entire, apex rounded, dorsal and ventral margin curves; inconspicuous trigones; basal cells 18–30 × 20–38 µm, median cells 14– 25 × 25–42 µm, marginal cells 12–18 × 112–20 µm. Lobules ovate, ca. 1/5 of leaf length, free margin involute. Underleaves distant, orbicular to ovate, 320–470 × 350–550 µm, 2–3 × stem width, bifid to 1/2–1/3, with a V-shaped sinus, margin entire, base cuneate to rounded. Androecia and gynoecia not seen. Vegetative reproduction by caducous leaf lobes produced on upright flagelliform shoots with densely imbricate underleaves and with rhizoids on the leaf margins.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—An endemic species of Western cordillera of Colombia, known only from the type collection. This species grows on canopy branches, in lower montane rainforest at 1200 m (Gradstein &amp; ReinerDrehwald 2017), in the Cauca province of the Pacific dominion (Fig. 18).</p> <p>Notes:—Characterized by the relatively robust plants (1.5–2.4 mm wide) with orbicular leaves, ventral merophyte 3–6 cells wide, underleaves 2–3 × stem width, and vegetative reproduction by caducous leaf lobes produced on upright flagelliform shoots and with rhizoids on their margins. Male and female structures are unknown. Because it grows in tree canopies, the species may have been overlooked.</p> <p>This species is considered here as Data Deficient-new (DD-n) (Sérgio et al. 2007, UCN 2001), and we recommend increased sampling in tree canopies in the western cordillera of Colombia.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FFB0FFBF198E6A31258CF7E7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FFB1FFBE198E6F8C2341FB01.text	03C88B15FFB1FFBE198E6F8C2341FB01.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea tonduzana (Stephani) Ye 2015	<div><p>28. Cheilolejeunea tonduzana (Stephani) Ye et al. (2015: 326).—</p> <p>Archilejeunea tonduzana Stephani (1911: 721).</p> <p>Type:— COSTA RICA. Rio Naranjo, 200–250 m, March 1893, A. Tonduz 3016 (holotype G).— Fig. 17R–X.</p> <p>Plants light green to light brown, 1.5–2.5 mm wide. Stems in cross section 120–210 µm in diameter, 15–18 epidermal cells, 12–28 × 9–21 µm; 17–28 medullary cells, 14–26 × 7–14 µm.Ventral merophytes 4–6 cells wide. Leaves imbricate, ovate, flat, 1000–1550 × 760–1150 µm, margin entire, apex rounded; cells generally mammillose on the dorsal side, conspicuous trigones; basal cells 18–54 × 10–27 µm, median cells 15–41 × 11–24 µm, marginal cells 9–20 × 6–13 µm. Lobules rectangular, 2/5–1/2 of leaf length, free margin flat. Underleaves (sub)imbricate, reniform, 300–850 × 560–1900 µm, 6–8.5 × stem width, margin entire, insertion deeply arched.Autoicous. Androecia on branches 2–5 pairs of bracts. Gynoecia with lejeuneoid innovations, bracts obovate, 1130 × 650 µm, apex acute, lobule bracts 880 × 80 µm. Perianth terete or with 4 weak to strong keels, beak absent to very short. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution:—Neotropical, occurring from Mexico to Bolivia, Antilles, and southeastern of Brazil (Gradstein 2021). This species is widely distributed in the study area, being generally found on tree trunks and branches in lower and upper montane rainforests, between 1900 to 3200 m, in the Guatuso-Talamanca, Puntarenas-Chiriquí, Magdalena, Cauca, and Sabana provinces of the Pacific dominion. The records of C. tonduzana occurring in the Páramo (Fig. 19), actually belongs to the Cauca or Magdalena provinces.</p> <p>Comments:—Morphologically, this species can be very similar to C. filiformis, differing by being autoicous, with large, rectangular leaf lobes (2/5–1/2 × leaf length) and broader reniform underleaves. It generally grows strongly attached to the substrate.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Amazonas: NW of S „o Gabriel, 00°05-08’, 67°10’W, 21 July 1979, Schuster 70-20-1030 (F). COLOMBIA. Antioquia: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.72286&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.1089444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.72286/lat 6.1089444)">Angelópolis</a>, vereda San Isidro, 6°6’32.2”N, 75°43’22.3”W, 2015 m, 5 November 2016, Rodríguez 30 (HUA); Caldas, vereda primavera, 6°3’50.4”N, 75°38’17.2”W, 1879 m, 8 October 2016, Pavas 111 (HUA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.77667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.24175" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.77667/lat 6.24175)">Heliconia</a>, vereda La Pradera, 6°14’30.3”N, 75°46’36”W, 1918 m, Rodríguez 1 (HUA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.387856&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.154889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.387856/lat 6.154889)">Rionegro</a>, sector El Tanque, 6°9’17.6”N, 75°23’16.3”W, 2071 m, Hernández 1539 (HUA). Boyacá: Duitama, vereda “El Volcán”, 2200 m, 27 October 1988, Schuster 88-1017 (COL); Miraflores, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.19725&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.178944" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.19725/lat 5.178944)">Sutarriba</a>, 5°10’44.2”N, 73°11’50.1”W, 2182 m, 19 December 2011, Moreno 477 (UPTC); Páez, vereda Yamonta, 1345 m, Bravo 894 (JBB); Quindio: Circasia, finca San Agustin, 4°38’N, 75°39’, 1700 m, 15 April 2000, Orrego 335 (COL). Risaralda: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.51667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.8333335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.51667/lat 4.8333335)">Santa Rosa de Cabal</a>, 4°50’N, 75°31W’, 2970 m, 4 February 1986, Wolf 1579 (COL). Santander: Suaita, 1700 m, 2 August 2001, Uribe 3960, 2960 A (COL). ECUADOR. Loja: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-79.07056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.9716668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -79.07056/lat -3.9716668)">Reserva Biológica San Francisco</a>, 03°58’18”S, 79°04’14”W, 1900–3000 m, May 2001, Holz 297, 560 (QCA). PANAMÁ. Bocas del Toro: Changuinola, 3200 m, De García 319p. p. (PMA). VENEZUELA: Mérida: Capo Elias, 2300–2350 m, 28 January 1976, Schuster 76-805 (F).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FFB1FFBE198E6F8C2341FB01	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FFB1FFBD198E6A0C25A1FACF.text	03C88B15FFB1FFBD198E6A0C25A1FACF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea trifaria var. trifaria (Reinwardt et al.) Mizutani 1964	<div><p>29.1 Cheilolejeunea trifaria (Reinwardt et al.) Mizutani (1964: 132) var. trifaria. —</p> <p>Jungermannia trifaria Reinwardt et al. (1824: 226).</p> <p>Type:— INDONESIA. Java, Blume s.n. (holotype L).— Fig. 17Y –HH.</p> <p>Plants yellowish green to light brown, 0.8–1.4 mm wide. Stems in cross section 90–120 µm in diameter, (7–)8 epidermal cells in cross section, (14)21–35 × 10–22 µm; 10 medullary cells, 10–23 × 6–12 µm. Ventral merophytes 2 cells wide. Leaves imbricate, ovate-orbicular, flat, 500–980 × 350–700 µm, margin entire and apex rounded; dorsal and ventral margin curved; cells generally mammillose on the dorsal side, conspicuous trigones; basal cells 13–32 × 11–25 µm, median cells 14–34 × 12–24 µm, marginal cells 6–18 × 5–16 µm. Lobules trapezoid, 1/4–1/3 of leaf length, tooth acute 17 × 9 µm, free margin involute, tooth acute, keel arched. Underleaves imbricate, orbicular to broadly ovate, 300–650 × 350–780 µm, 4.5–6.5 × stem width, bifid to 1/3, with a V-shaped sinus, margin entire, base auriculate. Autoicous. Androecia on the main stem, with 3–5 pairs of bracts. Gynoecia with pycnolejeuneoid innovations, bracts obovate, 700 × 550 µm, apex acute. Perianth 5-keeled, keels weak to very strong, beak short. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Pantropical, occurring from Mexico to Bolivia and Brazil, furthermore in the Antilles, tropical Africa, Southeast Asia and Oceania (Bastos 2017, Gradstein 2021, Singh 2012). This species is very common and widely distributed in the study area, growing on tree bark, rocks, and decaying wood, in savannas, deciduous forests, and lowland and lower montane rainforests, from sea level up to 2400 m, in the Puntarenas-Chiriquí, GuatusoTalamanca, Guajira, Venezuelan, Magdalena, Cauca, Chocó-Darién, Galápagos Islands, and Trinidad provinces of the Pacific dominion. The records of C. trifaria var. trifaria occurring in the Páramo (Fig. 19), actually belongs to the Cauca or Magdalena provinces.</p> <p>Notes:—Characterized by autoicous sexuality, ovate-orbicular leaves with mammillose cells, ventral merophyte 2 cells wide, and imbricate, usually wider than long underleaves with auriculate bases.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— BOLIVIA. Santa Cruz: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-63.47028&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-17.90611" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -63.47028/lat -17.90611)">Porongo</a>, 17°54’22”S, 63°28’13”W, 1100 m, 16 January 2008, Linneo 1351 (RB). BRAZIL. Acre: Tarauacá, 15 November 1995, Costa 2535 (RB). Rio de Janeiro: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-41.857777&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-21.965" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -41.857777/lat -21.965)">Santa Maria Madalena</a>, 21°57’54”S, 41°51’28”W, 125 m, 16 May 2007, Santos 859 (RB). São Paulo: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-46.614998&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-24.015833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -46.614998/lat -24.015833)">Praia Grande</a>, 24°0’57”S, 46°36’54”W, 20 m, 24 August 2016, Prudêncio 46 (RB). COLOMBIA. Antioquia: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.08823&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.813528" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.08823/lat 6.813528)">Cañas Gordas</a>, 6°48’48.7”N, 76°5’17.6”W, 2000–2400 m, January 2015, Ospina 109 (HUA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.13033&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.0449443" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.13033/lat 6.0449443)">Cocorná</a>, 6°2’41.8”N, 75°7’49.2”W, 975 m, 19 August 2016, Ordoñez 552 (HUA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.66682&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.1650944" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.66682/lat 6.1650944)">Ebéjico</a>, El Palón, 6°9’54,34”N, 75°40’0,56”W, 1150 m, March 2017, Buitrago 47 (UDBC); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.233333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.166664/lat 6.233333)">Guatapé</a>, vereda de Santa Rita, 6°14’N, 75°10’W, 1850 m, 13 June 1997, Gutierrez 1210 (HUA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.512276&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=7.245" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.512276/lat 7.245)">Ituango</a>, Corregimiento El Aro, 7°14’42”N, 75°30’44.2”W, 195 m, 26 August 2015, Trujillo 7306 (HUA); Jardín, 1850 m, 12 May 1986, Escobar 799 (HUA); San Roque, vereda Guacas Abajo, 17 October 2018, López 245 (HUA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.70819&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.692972" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.70819/lat 5.692972)">Támesis</a>, 5°41’34.7”N, 75°42’29.5”W, 1376 m, Ordoñez 153 (HUA); Urrao, vereda La Sexta, 6°23’36.6”N, 76°15’19”, 1139 m, 15 March 2019, Ordoñez 1123 (HUA). Boyacá: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.26569&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.8591943" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.26569/lat 4.8591943)">Santa María</a>, La Cristalina, 4°51’33.1”N, 73°15’56.5”W, 825 m, 29 October 2013, Amortegui 8 (UDBC). Casanare: Sácama, camino a la vereda “Africa”, 1400 m, 16 August 1982, Aguirre et al. 2943 (COL). Chocó: Unguia, cerro Tacarcuna 1115 m, 2 April 2017, Gil-Novoa s.n. (UPTC). Cundinamarca: Guaduas, 1388 m, 1 September 2017, Malagón 851 (COL). Huila: Acevedo, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.104164&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.6163889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.104164/lat 1.6163889)">Macizo</a> colombiano, 1°36’59”N, 76°6’15”W, 2100 m, 26 November 2011, Castillo 2046p (COL). Meta: Acacías, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.82289&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=3.96425" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.82289/lat 3.96425)">Frescovatele</a>, 03°57’51.3’’ N, 73°49’22.4’’ W, 853 m, 3 December 2021, Gil-Novoa &amp; Costa 3635, 3646 (UPTC); Villavicencio, Reserva Forestal Buena Vista, 4°9’10.2”N, 73°39’19”N, W, 655 m, April 2017, Medina 1428 (LLANOS). Nariño: Mosquera, corregimiento La Vigia, 0 m, 10 November 1982, Linares 17 (COL). Putumayo: Orito, 300 m, 30 August 2015, Ruiz, 1246 (COL); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.79219&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.205889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.79219/lat 1.205889)">San Francisco</a>, vereda La Esperanza, 01°12’21.2”N, 76°47’31.9”W, 1860 m, 28 September 2016, Solarte 441 (COL); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.73194&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.39483333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.73194/lat 0.39483333)">Valle del Guamuez</a>, 0°23’41.4”N, 76°43’55”W, 290 m, 4 November 2016, Agudelo 16 (UDBC). Quindio: Circasia, finca <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.65&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.633333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.65/lat 4.633333)">San Agustin</a>, 4°38’N, 75°39’W, 1700 m, Orrego 336 (COL). Risaralda: vereda La Colina, 4°56’N, 75°42’W, 1725 m, 19 August 1986, 1725 m, Wolf 1195 (COL). Santander: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.35272&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.592028" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.35272/lat 6.592028)">Hato</a>, 6°35’31.3”N, 73°21’9.8”W, 2053 m, 9 August 2018, Lozano 236 (UPTC); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.0355&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=7.1747775" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.0355/lat 7.1747775)">Tona</a>, 7°10’29.2”N, 73°02’7.8”W, 1675–1715 m, 22 June 2004, Uribe 4275, 8284 (COL). COSTA RICA. San Domingo de Golfo Dulce, March 1896, Tonduz 15630 (NY). San José: Pacific slope, 2000 feet, 4 October 1947, Svilha 47-719 (NY). ECUADOR. Cotopaxi: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-79.26667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.0333333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -79.26667/lat -1.0333333)">Quevedo</a>, 1°02’S, 79°16’W, 700 m, 27 October 1999, Andersson 3103 (QCA). Galápagos: Floreana, 550 m, 26 April 1976, Gradstein H177 (COL, QCA). Guayas: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-79.64833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.81" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -79.64833/lat -2.81)">Camacho</a>, 2°48,6’S, 79°38,9’W, 100 m, 15 March 2012, Schafer-Verwimp 32910 (QCA). Morona-Santiago: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.76667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.1166666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.76667/lat -2.1166666)">Macas</a>, 2°07’S, 77°46,0’W, 650 m, 27 March 2012, Schafer-Verwimp 33212/ A (QCA). Orellana: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.4&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.6666667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.4/lat -0.6666667)">Francisco de Orellana</a>, 0°40’S, 76°24’W, 220–250 m, Schafer-Verwimp 32825 (QCA). FRENCH GUIANA. Saül. 150 m, 23 June 1986, Gradstein 6177 (COL, HUA, PMA, RB). PANAMA. Panama: Capira, Parque Nacional Altos de Campana, 850 m, Salazar-A. 9454p.p.3 (PMA). PUERTO RICO. Maricao: Maricao State Forest, 600–700 m, Gradstein 6530 (PMA). VENEZUELA. Amazonas: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-66.833336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.5433333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -66.833336/lat 1.5433333)">Rio Negro</a>, 1500 m, 1°32’36”N, 66°50’W, 16 October 1987, Halling 5544 (NY). Lara: Cuenca del Río Gyamure, Griffin III, 239 (PMA).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FFB1FFBD198E6A0C25A1FACF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FFB2FFB3198E6A5925B5F9DC.text	03C88B15FFB2FFB3198E6A5925B5F9DC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea trifaria var. clausa (Nees & Mont.) Bastos & Gradstein	<div><p>29.2 Cheilolejeunea trifaria var. clausa (Nees &amp; Mont.) Bastos &amp; Gradstein (41: 2020):—</p> <p>Lejeunea clausa Nees &amp; Mont. (in Montagne 1840: 337).</p> <p>Type:— FRENCH GUIANA. Mt. Serpent, April 1838, Leprieur 276 (holotype PC).— Fig. 20A–J.</p> <p>Cheilolejeunea clausa (Nees &amp; Montagne) Schuster (1980: 863), syn. fide Bastos &amp; Gradstein (2020)</p> <p>Plants yellowish green to dark brown, 0.8–1.2 mm wide. Stems in cross section 75–110 µm in diameter, 7(–8) epidermal cells, 25–40 × 10–28 µm; 10–12 medullary cells, 15–24 × 8–11 µm. Ventral merophytes 2 cells wide. Leaves imbricate, ovate-orbicular, fully flat to slightly convex, 470–600 × 350–480 µm; apex rounded; margin entire or with slightly projecting cells, dorsal and ventral margins curved; cells orbicular to ovate, slightly mammillose on dorsal side, with conspicuous trigones; basal cells 22–40 × 15–28 µm, median cells 15–38 × 15–25 µm, marginal cells 12–24 × 10–16 µm. Lobules trapezoid, 1/4–1/3 of leaf length, free margin involute, tooth short and acute, formed by one cell, keel arched. Underleaves slightly distant to subimbricate, orbicular, 180–400 × 230–580 µm, 3–4 × stem width, bifid to 1/3, V-shaped sinus, lobes acute, margins entire, base auriculate, insertion arched. Dioicous. Androecia commonly intercalary, 3–4 pairs of bracts. Gynoecia with lejeuneoid innovations, bracts oblong, 600 × 280 µm, apex rounded and margin entire, lobule 170 × 210 µm, bracteole ovate 300 × 520 µm, bifid to 1/7, usually recurved. Perianth 5-keeled, beak short. Vegetative reproduction by caducous leaves.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Neotropical, occurring in United States, Bermuda, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Colombia, Venezuela, French Guiana, Ecuador, Brazil, and Paraguay (Bastos 2017, Campos et al. 2014). This species usually grows as an epiphyte in the study area, on the trunks of trees in lowland rainforest, lower and upper montane rainforests, between 150–2500 m, in the Puntarenas-Chiriquí, Guatuso-Talamanca, Venezuelan, Magdalena, and Chocó-Darién provinces of the Pacific dominion. The records of C. trifaria var. clausa occurring in the Páramo (Fig. 21), actually belongs to the Cauca province.</p> <p>Notes: —The variety is characterized by underleaves orbicular, dioicous sexuality, and vegetative reproduction occasionally by caducous leaves differentiating it from C. trifaria var. trifaria, which is autoicous and lacks caducous leaves.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Acre: Tarauacá, 8°30’84”S, 71°27’83”W, 19 November 1995, Costa 2654 (RB). Pernambuco: Caruaru, 950 m, 10 August 1998, Costa 3426 (RB). Rio de Janeiro: Santa Maria Madalena, Marquete 2383 (RB). São Paulo: Cubat „o, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-46.4975&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.889723" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -46.4975/lat -23.889723)">Núcleo Itutinga-Pilıes</a>, 23°53’23”S, 46°29’51”W, 130 m, 19 October 2016, Prudêncio 178 (RB). COLOMBIA. Antioquia: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.45983&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=7.2355747" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.45983/lat 7.2355747)">Ituango</a>, 7°14’8.07”N, 75°27’35.41”W, 197 m, 30 September 2015, Trujillo 7331 (HUA); Puerto Nare, 552 m, May 2018, Ordoñez 852 (HUA); San Carlos, 192 m, May 2018, Ordoñez 851 (HUA). Meta: Villavicencio, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.63611&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.224167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.63611/lat 4.224167)">Vereda Santa María la Baja</a>, 04°13’27”N, 73°38’10”W, 653 m, 06 April 2016, Gómez 937 (LLANOS). COSTA RICA. Heredia: Atlantic slope, near Vara Blanca, Svilha 45–640 (NY). Cartago: Atlantic slope, Turrialba, 870 feet, 10–12, October 1947, Svilha 47-769 (NY).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FFB2FFB3198E6A5925B5F9DC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FFBCFFB2198E6976271CFD3B.text	03C88B15FFBCFFB2198E6976271CFD3B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea unciloba (Lindenberg) Malombe 2009	<div><p>30. Cheilolejeunea unciloba (Lindenberg) Malombe (2009: 325).—</p> <p>Lejeunea unciloba Lindenberg (in Gottsche et al. 1845: 331).</p> <p>Type:— BRAZIL, without locality and without collector (holotype W-62234 – hb. Lindenberg).— Fig. 20K–R.</p> <p>Plants pale glaucous or light green, 1.0– 1.7 mm wide. Stems in cross section 80–140 µm in diameter, 16–18 epidermal cells, 10–22 × 12–20 µm; 28–36 medullary cells, 8–34 × 5–9 µm. Ventral merophytes (2–)4 cells wide. Leaves imbricate, ovate-elongate, flat or, occasionally, with recurved apical margin, 490–1550 × 430–1020 µm, margin entire, apex rounded; cell thin-walled, inconspicuous trigones; basal cells 12–50 × 11–33 µm, median cells 15–39 × 10–32 µm, marginal cells 6–14 × 8–18 µm. Lobules rectangular, 1/2–2/5 of leaf length, apical tooth long, 21–39 µm long (3–5 cells) × 9–16 µm wide at the base (2–4 cells), generally recurved, free margin flat. Underleaves distant to imbricate, orbicular to ovate, 240–430 × 280–590 µm, 3.5–5 × stem width, margin entire, insertion deeply U-shaped. Autoicous. Androecia commonly on the main stem, or at the apex of the branches, 2–3 pairs of bracts. Gynoecia with pycnolejeuneoid innovations, bracts obovate, 50 × 550 µm, acute rounded. Perianth 5-keeled, keels strongly developed, beak short. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Paleotropical (Malombe 2009), but considered uncommon in northern South America (Gradstein 2021). This species grows on tree trunks and branches, and rocks in the study area, in lower and upper montane rainforests, being most common in coastal forests, between 100–3100 m (Gradstein 2021), in the Cauca and Magdalena provinces of the Pacific dominion (Fig. 21).</p> <p>Notes: —Characterized by plants pale glaucous green, leaves usually flat (occasionally apex recurved), lobule 1/2–2/5 x leaf length and with a 3-5 cells long tooth, and underleaves undivided, 3.5–5 × stem width. Specimens with recurved leaf apices can be confused with C. xanthocarpa; for differences see under the latter species. According to Schuster (1980a), plants of C. unciloba with recurved leaf apices are a xeromorphic phenotype.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: Niteroi, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-43.078888&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.922222" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -43.078888/lat -22.922222)">Parque Natural Municipal de Niteroi</a>, 22°55’20”S, 43°04’44”W, 229 m, 21 August 2018, Maudonet et al. 27 (RB). COLOMBIA. Amazonas: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.13333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.56666666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.13333/lat -0.56666666)">Comunidad</a> “Peña Roja”, 0°34’S, 72°08’W, 200 m, 11 July 2000, Idárraga 2371 (HUA). Antioquia: Buriticá, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.89242&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.699889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.89242/lat 6.699889)">Higragra</a>, 6°41’59.6”N, 75°53’32.7” W, 1087 m, 2 March 2017, Lalinde 9 (HUA); Yondó, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-74.422966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.7478614" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -74.422966/lat 6.7478614)">San Bartolo</a>, 6°44’52.3” N, 74°25’22.7” W, 109 m, 26 November 2017, Larrota 7210 (COL). Boyacá: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.39283&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.7407227" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.39283/lat 5.7407227)">Arcabuco</a>, 5°44’26.6’’ N, 73°23’34.2’’ W, 3205 m, 8 December 2021, Gil-Novoa &amp; Costa 3692, 3698, 3699 (UPTC). Chocó: Tadó, vereda Marmolejo, 380 m, 25 October 1991, Uribe 1907 (COL). Santander: Hato, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.36111&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.6025" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.36111/lat 6.6025)">Hoya Negra</a>, 6°36’09”N, 73°21’40”W, 2231 m, 27 August 2017, Cuta 245 (UPTC).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FFBCFFB2198E6976271CFD3B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FFBDFFB1198E6C1527CFFD63.text	03C88B15FFBDFFB1198E6C1527CFFD63.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea xanthocarpa (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Malombe 2009	<div><p>31. Cheilolejeunea xanthocarpa (Lehm. &amp; Lindenb.) Malombe (2009: 326) 2009.—</p> <p>Jungermannia xanthocarpa Lehm. &amp; Lindenb. (in Lehmann 1833: 8).</p> <p>Type:— BRAZIL. Ad Novum Friburgum, H.K. Beyrich s.n. (S, lectotype designated by Grolle &amp; Piippo 1990).— Fig. 20S–Z.</p> <p>Plants pale glaucous or light green, 1.2–2 mm wide. Stems in cross section 95–130 µm in diameter, 11–18 epidermal cells, 10–32 × 7–19 µm; 18–29 medullary cells, 8–24 × 6–15 µm. Ventral merophytes 4–6 cells wide. Leaves imbricate, orbicular to ovate-elongate, concave, 820–1000 × 640–850 µm, margin entire, apex rounded, ventral margin strongly curved; cells orbicular to subquadrate, mammillose and usually thick-walled on the dorsal side, conspicuous trigones; basal cells 16–33 × 12–25 µm, median cells 14–27 × 9–28 µm, marginal cells 10–19 × 8–16 µm. Lobules rectangular, ca. 1/2 of leaf length, tooth variable in length, 1–5 cells long and 1–2 cells wide at the base, free margin flat. Underleaves imbricate, reniform, 410–500 × 360–730 µm, 4–7.5 × stem width, margin entire, base cordate. Autoicous. Androecia on short-specialized branches, 2–4 pairs of bracts. Gynoecia with pycnolejeuneoid innovations, bracts obovate, 950 × 600 µm, apex acute. Perianth 5-keeled, keels weak to very strongly developed, beak short. Vegetative reproduction unknown.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Pantropical (Evans 1907, Schuster 1980). In the Neotropics occurring from Costa Rica to Argentina (Bastos 2017, Gradstein 2021). This species is widely distributed in the study area on tree trunks and branches, or on rocks, in the coastal desert and semi-desert and in the inter-Andean desert and semi-desert; also in savannas, in deciduous forests, in lower and upper montane rainforest, and in grass páramos, between 500 and 3500 m, in the Puntarenas-Chiriquí, Guajira, Magdalena, Cauca, and Galápagos Islands provinces (Gradstein 2021) of the Pacific dominion, and in the Páramo province of SATZ (Fig. 21).</p> <p>Comments: —Characterized by its pale glaucous green color, leaves with ventral margins strongly curved, cells mammillose and with thickened outer wall, lobules 1/3–2/3 x the leaf length, and underleaves undivided, 4–7.5 × stem width. The length of the lobe tooth can vary considerably, from 1–5 cells, which can lead to confusion with C. unciloba; however, in most specimens of the latter, the leaves are flat to slightly recurved at apex only the leaf cells are thin-walled, and the underleaves tend to be more reniform.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Rio Acima, 20°05’10”S 43°41’15”S, 1628 m, 6 June 2017, Oliveira 412 (BHCB). Rio de Janeiro: Itatiaia, Parque Nacional de Itatiaia, 2400 m, 13 April 2000, Costa 3844 (RB). Santa Catarina: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-49.819443&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.237501" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -49.819443/lat -28.237501)">S„o Joaquim</a>, 28°14’15”S, 49°49’10”W, 1490 m, 15 November 2003, Costa 4307 (RB). São Paulo: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-46.51278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.82639" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -46.51278/lat -23.82639)">S„o Bernardo do Campo</a>, 23°49’35”S, 46°30’46”W, 780 m, Prudêncio 632 (RB). COLOMBIA. Antioquia: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.44659&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.9085836" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.44659/lat 5.9085836)">Abejorral</a>, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.44659&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.9085836" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.44659/lat 5.9085836)">El Guaico</a>, 5°54’30.9”N, 75°26’47.7”W, 2133 m, Ordoñez 733 (HUA); Angelópolis, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.7208&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.1063056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.7208/lat 6.1063056)">San Isidro</a>, 6°6’22.7”N, 75°43’14.9”W, 2130 m, 5 November 2016, Rodriguez 32 (HUA); Bello, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.666664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.3333335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.666664/lat 6.3333335)">Alto de San Felix</a>, 6°20’N, 75°40’W, 2800–3000 m, 26 July 1998, Parra (549); Caldas, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.626335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.0621114" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.626335/lat 6.0621114)">La Clara</a>, 6°3’43.6”N, 75°37’34.8”W, 1897 m, Ordoñez 165 (HUA); Guatapé, vereda Santa Rita, 1850 m, 20 November 1986, Thiers 4040 (HUA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.629814&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.147289" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.629814/lat 6.147289)">La Estrella</a>, 6°8’50.24”N, 75°37’47.32”W, 1697 m, Ordoñez 146 (HUA); Medellin, corregimiento <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.523506&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.265028" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.523506/lat 6.265028)">Santa Elena</a>, 6°15’54.1”N, 75°31’24.6”W, 27 August 2015, Ordoñez 499 (HUA); Rionegro, sector <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.39908&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.1419444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.39908/lat 6.1419444)">Llanogrande</a>, 6°8’31”N, 75°23’56.7”W, 2106 m, 12 July 2017, Hernández 1525 (HUA). San Luis, 682 m, 7 June 2018, Carvajal 12 (HUA). Boyacá: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.399025&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.741361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.399025/lat 5.741361)">Arcabuco</a>, 5°44’28.9’’N, 73°23’56.5’’W, 2960 m, 8 December 2021, Gil-Novoa &amp; Costa 3689, 3693 (UPTC); Cienega, vereda <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.27945&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.21" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.27945/lat 5.21)">Cebadal</a>, 5°21’77.9”N, 73°16’46”W, 2785 m, 5 December 2012, Moreno 1033 (UPTC); Samacá, vda. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-73.55334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.436667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -73.55334/lat 5.436667)">Chorrera</a>, 5°26’12”N, 73°33’12”W, 3450 m, 21 December 2004, Alvaro 861 (UPTC); Tunja, RFP El Malmo, 3150 m, 23 November 2002, Alvaro 344 (UPTC); Villa de Leyva, Santuario de Flora y Fauna de Iguaque, 2100–2900 m, 9 June 2001, Acosta 19 (UPTC). Casanare: Sácama, 1440 m, 16 August 1982, Aguirre 3026 (COL); La Salina, 2600 m, 18 August 1982, Aguirre 3163 (COL). Cundinamarca: Bogotá, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-74.05428&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.5708666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -74.05428/lat 4.5708666)">Cerros Orientales</a>, 4°34’15.12”N, 74°3’15,42”W, 3361 m, 8 May 2018, Malagón 1332 (COL); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-74.074585&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.4641666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -74.074585/lat 4.4641666)">Chipaque</a>, 4°27’51”N, 74°04’28.5”W, 3231–3300 m, 4 November 2016, Delgado 125 (UDBC); Guasca, 3150 m, 7 August 1980, Gradstein 3674a (COL); Subachoque, cuchilla El Tablazo, 3360 m, 6 November 1983, Linares 947 (COL). Magdalena: Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, cuchilla de San Lorenzo, 13 January 1967, Winkler C209 (COL). Santander: Charalá, 1200 m, 25 October 1988, Schuster 88-1086 (COL). San José de Suaita, 1600 m, 8 November 1998, Uribe 3361 (COL). ECUADOR. Piñas: 3°39.3’S, 79°44.3’W, 960 m, 17 March 2012, Schafer-Verwimp 32928/D (QCA). Zamora–Chinchipe: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-79.07056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.9716668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -79.07056/lat -3.9716668)">Reserva Biológica San Francisco</a>, 03°58’18”S, 79°04’14”W, 1800 m, May 2001, Holz 557, 568 (QCA). VENEZUELA. Mérida: Sierra Nevada de Mérida, 2700 m, 25–25 February 1976, Schuster 76-1492a (F). Táchira: s. of Villa Paez, Páramo de Tama, 3140 m, 1 March 1976, Schuster 76-1926b (F).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FFBDFFB1198E6C1527CFFD63	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
03C88B15FFBEFFB1198E6DF22200FC67.text	03C88B15FFBEFFB1198E6DF22200FC67.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cheilolejeunea valenciae (Gottsche ex Stephani) He 1996	<div><p>Cheilolejeunea valenciae (Gottsche ex Stephani) He (1996: 55).—</p> <p>Pycnolejeunea valenciae Gottsche ex Stephani (1914: 605).</p> <p>Type:— VENEZUELA. Valencia. Fendler 70 (holotype G).</p> <p>Known from two localities, in Venezuela (type locality) and Nicaragua (He 1996). The loan of the type material from Herbarium G was apparently lost during transfer, and we were not able to examine it.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88B15FFBEFFB1198E6DF22200FC67	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique;Costa, Denise Pinheiro	Gil-Novoa, Jorge Enrique, Costa, Denise Pinheiro (2023): Synopsis of the species of Cheilolejeunea (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) in the Pacific dominion and Páramo province of tropical America. Phytotaxa 587 (2): 73-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.587.2.1
