taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
7F707B9048AD57E680653950D4D9487C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828340	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure1	Figure 1. Chamaecostus manausensis Maas & H. Maas A plant in habitat Floresta Nacional do Tapajos, Brazil B flower showing the non-fimbriate margin of the labellum C, E inflorescence narrowly cylindric instead of broadly obovoid D sheath and ligules. Photos A-E by Thiago Andre.	Figure 1. Chamaecostus manausensis Maas & H. Maas A plant in habitat Floresta Nacional do Tapajos, Brazil B flower showing the non-fimbriate margin of the labellum C, E inflorescence narrowly cylindric instead of broadly obovoid D sheath and ligules. Photos A-E by Thiago Andre.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
7F707B9048AD57E680653950D4D9487C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828360	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure21	Figure 21. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae: Chamaecostus - Costus douglasdalyi A Chamaecostus manausensis Maas & H. Maas B Costus alfredoi Maas & H. Maas C Costus alleniopsis Maas & D. Skinner D Costus alticolus Maas & H. Maas E Costus antioquiensis Maas & H. Maas F Costus callosus Maas & H. Maas G Costus cochabambae Maas & H. Maas H Costus convexus Maas & D. Skinner I Costus douglasdalyi Maas & H. Maas.	Figure 21. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae: Chamaecostus - Costus douglasdalyi A Chamaecostus manausensis Maas & H. Maas B Costus alfredoi Maas & H. Maas C Costus alleniopsis Maas & D. Skinner D Costus alticolus Maas & H. Maas E Costus antioquiensis Maas & H. Maas F Costus callosus Maas & H. Maas G Costus cochabambae Maas & H. Maas H Costus convexus Maas & D. Skinner I Costus douglasdalyi Maas & H. Maas.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
9C3F9D551EA1561D9D8D56211BEDCC2A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828341	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure2	Figure 2. Costus alfredoi Maas & H. Maas A inflorescence terminal on a leafless shoot B flower C holotype from Bolivia, La Paz D detail from holotype showing narrow, grass-like leaves and short ligule. (A-D from Fuentes et. al. 6216). Photos by Alfredo Fuentes Claros.	Figure 2. Costus alfredoi Maas & H. Maas A inflorescence terminal on a leafless shoot B flower C holotype from Bolivia, La Paz D detail from holotype showing narrow, grass-like leaves and short ligule. (A-D from Fuentes et. al. 6216). Photos by Alfredo Fuentes Claros.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
9C3F9D551EA1561D9D8D56211BEDCC2A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828360	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure21	Figure 21. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae: Chamaecostus - Costus douglasdalyi A Chamaecostus manausensis Maas & H. Maas B Costus alfredoi Maas & H. Maas C Costus alleniopsis Maas & D. Skinner D Costus alticolus Maas & H. Maas E Costus antioquiensis Maas & H. Maas F Costus callosus Maas & H. Maas G Costus cochabambae Maas & H. Maas H Costus convexus Maas & D. Skinner I Costus douglasdalyi Maas & H. Maas.	Figure 21. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae: Chamaecostus - Costus douglasdalyi A Chamaecostus manausensis Maas & H. Maas B Costus alfredoi Maas & H. Maas C Costus alleniopsis Maas & D. Skinner D Costus alticolus Maas & H. Maas E Costus antioquiensis Maas & H. Maas F Costus callosus Maas & H. Maas G Costus cochabambae Maas & H. Maas H Costus convexus Maas & D. Skinner I Costus douglasdalyi Maas & H. Maas.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
09336D8339175178B7FE6E7E4AC55868.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828342	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure3	Figure 3. Costus alleniopsis Maas & D. Skinner A inflorescence B bracts and flower C plant in habitat D ligule and leaf base E ligule and leaf base of C. allenii for comparison F leaf plicae and indument G leaf plicae and indument of Costus allenii for comparison. Photos of C. alleniopsis in habitat, Veraguas, Panama by Dave Skinner.	Figure 3. Costus alleniopsis Maas & D. Skinner A inflorescence B bracts and flower C plant in habitat D ligule and leaf base E ligule and leaf base of C. allenii for comparison F leaf plicae and indument G leaf plicae and indument of Costus allenii for comparison. Photos of C. alleniopsis in habitat, Veraguas, Panama by Dave Skinner.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
09336D8339175178B7FE6E7E4AC55868.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828360	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure21	Figure 21. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae: Chamaecostus - Costus douglasdalyi A Chamaecostus manausensis Maas & H. Maas B Costus alfredoi Maas & H. Maas C Costus alleniopsis Maas & D. Skinner D Costus alticolus Maas & H. Maas E Costus antioquiensis Maas & H. Maas F Costus callosus Maas & H. Maas G Costus cochabambae Maas & H. Maas H Costus convexus Maas & D. Skinner I Costus douglasdalyi Maas & H. Maas.	Figure 21. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae: Chamaecostus - Costus douglasdalyi A Chamaecostus manausensis Maas & H. Maas B Costus alfredoi Maas & H. Maas C Costus alleniopsis Maas & D. Skinner D Costus alticolus Maas & H. Maas E Costus antioquiensis Maas & H. Maas F Costus callosus Maas & H. Maas G Costus cochabambae Maas & H. Maas H Costus convexus Maas & D. Skinner I Costus douglasdalyi Maas & H. Maas.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
5B398AFCE2A95824B19C58E6A19DE6EB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828343	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure4	Figure 4. Costus alticolus Maas & H. Maas A inflorescence with flower, showing stamen (st) extending far beyond labellum, fully exposing the thecae B, C plant in habitat D flower and bract details E flowering shoot. Photos in habitat in Chinantla region near Santa Cruz Tepetotutla, Oaxaca, Mexico by Dave Skinner.	Figure 4. Costus alticolus Maas & H. Maas A inflorescence with flower, showing stamen (st) extending far beyond labellum, fully exposing the thecae B, C plant in habitat D flower and bract details E flowering shoot. Photos in habitat in Chinantla region near Santa Cruz Tepetotutla, Oaxaca, Mexico by Dave Skinner.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
5B398AFCE2A95824B19C58E6A19DE6EB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828360	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure21	Figure 21. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae: Chamaecostus - Costus douglasdalyi A Chamaecostus manausensis Maas & H. Maas B Costus alfredoi Maas & H. Maas C Costus alleniopsis Maas & D. Skinner D Costus alticolus Maas & H. Maas E Costus antioquiensis Maas & H. Maas F Costus callosus Maas & H. Maas G Costus cochabambae Maas & H. Maas H Costus convexus Maas & D. Skinner I Costus douglasdalyi Maas & H. Maas.	Figure 21. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae: Chamaecostus - Costus douglasdalyi A Chamaecostus manausensis Maas & H. Maas B Costus alfredoi Maas & H. Maas C Costus alleniopsis Maas & D. Skinner D Costus alticolus Maas & H. Maas E Costus antioquiensis Maas & H. Maas F Costus callosus Maas & H. Maas G Costus cochabambae Maas & H. Maas H Costus convexus Maas & D. Skinner I Costus douglasdalyi Maas & H. Maas.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
6C2E39521D7D51B4910820D0CCE6FA23.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828344	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure5	Figure 5. Costus antioquiensis Maas & H. Maas A inflorescence B flower C flower details and handwritten notes by Paul Maas D detail of hairy ligule E sheath. Photos A-E of specimen Maas et al 10488 taken prior to pressing. Photos by Paul Maas.	Figure 5. Costus antioquiensis Maas & H. Maas A inflorescence B flower C flower details and handwritten notes by Paul Maas D detail of hairy ligule E sheath. Photos A-E of specimen Maas et al 10488 taken prior to pressing. Photos by Paul Maas.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
6C2E39521D7D51B4910820D0CCE6FA23.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828345	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure6	Figure 6. Costus antioquiensis Maas & H. Maas A inflorescence terminating a leafy shoot B ligule showing indument at margin C inflorescence close up with flower at anthesis D bract (adaxial surface) subtending a bracteole (left), calyx with three lobes, and ovary at the base of the calyx E labellum as viewed from front, with the forked tip of the single fertile stamen visible at the center F stamen (left) and style (right) G stigma close-up, dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views. The forked projection on the ventral surface hooks between the thecae of the fertile stamen to hold the style erect. Drawing by Esmee Winkel.	Figure 6. Costus antioquiensis Maas & H. Maas A inflorescence terminating a leafy shoot B ligule showing indument at margin C inflorescence close up with flower at anthesis D bract (adaxial surface) subtending a bracteole (left), calyx with three lobes, and ovary at the base of the calyx E labellum as viewed from front, with the forked tip of the single fertile stamen visible at the center F stamen (left) and style (right) G stigma close-up, dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views. The forked projection on the ventral surface hooks between the thecae of the fertile stamen to hold the style erect. Drawing by Esmee Winkel.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
6C2E39521D7D51B4910820D0CCE6FA23.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828360	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure21	Figure 21. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae: Chamaecostus - Costus douglasdalyi A Chamaecostus manausensis Maas & H. Maas B Costus alfredoi Maas & H. Maas C Costus alleniopsis Maas & D. Skinner D Costus alticolus Maas & H. Maas E Costus antioquiensis Maas & H. Maas F Costus callosus Maas & H. Maas G Costus cochabambae Maas & H. Maas H Costus convexus Maas & D. Skinner I Costus douglasdalyi Maas & H. Maas.	Figure 21. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae: Chamaecostus - Costus douglasdalyi A Chamaecostus manausensis Maas & H. Maas B Costus alfredoi Maas & H. Maas C Costus alleniopsis Maas & D. Skinner D Costus alticolus Maas & H. Maas E Costus antioquiensis Maas & H. Maas F Costus callosus Maas & H. Maas G Costus cochabambae Maas & H. Maas H Costus convexus Maas & D. Skinner I Costus douglasdalyi Maas & H. Maas.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
A7EA1648C6B85EB68D92DD79EA7064BF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828346	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure7	Figure 7. Costus callosus Maas & H. Maas A plant in habitat B inflorescence C separate flowering shoot D bract and flower details showing very long bract callus E, F cultivated plant A, C, D observation from Willie Mazu site, Bocas del Toro, Panama B plant in cultivation at Lyon Arboretum 2003.0125, collected in Costa Rica by Alan Carle E, F plant observed at Reserva Natural Nirvana, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Photos A, C, D by Dave Skinner, B by John Mood, E, F by Paul Maas.	Figure 7. Costus callosus Maas & H. Maas A plant in habitat B inflorescence C separate flowering shoot D bract and flower details showing very long bract callus E, F cultivated plant A, C, D observation from Willie Mazu site, Bocas del Toro, Panama B plant in cultivation at Lyon Arboretum 2003.0125, collected in Costa Rica by Alan Carle E, F plant observed at Reserva Natural Nirvana, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Photos A, C, D by Dave Skinner, B by John Mood, E, F by Paul Maas.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
A7EA1648C6B85EB68D92DD79EA7064BF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828360	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure21	Figure 21. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae: Chamaecostus - Costus douglasdalyi A Chamaecostus manausensis Maas & H. Maas B Costus alfredoi Maas & H. Maas C Costus alleniopsis Maas & D. Skinner D Costus alticolus Maas & H. Maas E Costus antioquiensis Maas & H. Maas F Costus callosus Maas & H. Maas G Costus cochabambae Maas & H. Maas H Costus convexus Maas & D. Skinner I Costus douglasdalyi Maas & H. Maas.	Figure 21. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae: Chamaecostus - Costus douglasdalyi A Chamaecostus manausensis Maas & H. Maas B Costus alfredoi Maas & H. Maas C Costus alleniopsis Maas & D. Skinner D Costus alticolus Maas & H. Maas E Costus antioquiensis Maas & H. Maas F Costus callosus Maas & H. Maas G Costus cochabambae Maas & H. Maas H Costus convexus Maas & D. Skinner I Costus douglasdalyi Maas & H. Maas.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
613A10E7BCF6580EA4166906D9BB532A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828347	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure8	Figure 8. Costus cochabambae Maas & H. Maas Isotype photographed at Leiden, L. 1480367 including the photos enclosed with the specimen, Beck 7320.	Figure 8. Costus cochabambae Maas & H. Maas Isotype photographed at Leiden, L. 1480367 including the photos enclosed with the specimen, Beck 7320.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
613A10E7BCF6580EA4166906D9BB532A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828348	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure9	Figure 9. Costus cochabambae Maas & H. Maas A habit B leaf base with ligule C stamen. Drawing by Esmee Winkel.	Figure 9. Costus cochabambae Maas & H. Maas A habit B leaf base with ligule C stamen. Drawing by Esmee Winkel.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
613A10E7BCF6580EA4166906D9BB532A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828360	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure21	Figure 21. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae: Chamaecostus - Costus douglasdalyi A Chamaecostus manausensis Maas & H. Maas B Costus alfredoi Maas & H. Maas C Costus alleniopsis Maas & D. Skinner D Costus alticolus Maas & H. Maas E Costus antioquiensis Maas & H. Maas F Costus callosus Maas & H. Maas G Costus cochabambae Maas & H. Maas H Costus convexus Maas & D. Skinner I Costus douglasdalyi Maas & H. Maas.	Figure 21. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae: Chamaecostus - Costus douglasdalyi A Chamaecostus manausensis Maas & H. Maas B Costus alfredoi Maas & H. Maas C Costus alleniopsis Maas & D. Skinner D Costus alticolus Maas & H. Maas E Costus antioquiensis Maas & H. Maas F Costus callosus Maas & H. Maas G Costus cochabambae Maas & H. Maas H Costus convexus Maas & D. Skinner I Costus douglasdalyi Maas & H. Maas.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
76FE595FBCE65E8689C99D7A88B3B36F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828349	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure10	Figure 10. Costus convexus Maas & D. Skinner A plant in habitat with Eugenio Valderrama (left) and Chelsea Specht (right) B inflorescence C inflorescence with scale D upper leaves wrapping around and hiding the inflorescence E close-up of inflorescence F bract (left) and flower (right) detail. Photo in A taken in the wild prior to pressing Maas 10707, Putumayo, Colombia B, C plant observed in Putumayo, Colombia D-F plant observed in Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador. Photo A by Paul Maas B-F by Dave Skinner.	Figure 10. Costus convexus Maas & D. Skinner A plant in habitat with Eugenio Valderrama (left) and Chelsea Specht (right) B inflorescence C inflorescence with scale D upper leaves wrapping around and hiding the inflorescence E close-up of inflorescence F bract (left) and flower (right) detail. Photo in A taken in the wild prior to pressing Maas 10707, Putumayo, Colombia B, C plant observed in Putumayo, Colombia D-F plant observed in Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador. Photo A by Paul Maas B-F by Dave Skinner.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
76FE595FBCE65E8689C99D7A88B3B36F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828360	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure21	Figure 21. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae: Chamaecostus - Costus douglasdalyi A Chamaecostus manausensis Maas & H. Maas B Costus alfredoi Maas & H. Maas C Costus alleniopsis Maas & D. Skinner D Costus alticolus Maas & H. Maas E Costus antioquiensis Maas & H. Maas F Costus callosus Maas & H. Maas G Costus cochabambae Maas & H. Maas H Costus convexus Maas & D. Skinner I Costus douglasdalyi Maas & H. Maas.	Figure 21. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae: Chamaecostus - Costus douglasdalyi A Chamaecostus manausensis Maas & H. Maas B Costus alfredoi Maas & H. Maas C Costus alleniopsis Maas & D. Skinner D Costus alticolus Maas & H. Maas E Costus antioquiensis Maas & H. Maas F Costus callosus Maas & H. Maas G Costus cochabambae Maas & H. Maas H Costus convexus Maas & D. Skinner I Costus douglasdalyi Maas & H. Maas.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
C638FD6C4ABB5997B82B51E018F851AE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828350	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure11	Figure 11. Costus douglasdalyi Maas & H. Maas A plant in habitat, inflorescence with flowers on a leafy shoot B in habitat, inflorescence on separate leafless shoot C flowers D plant in cultivation showing narrow leaves E, F bract and flower details showing bracts (br), bracteoles (bl), calyx (ca), ovaries (ov), three petals (petals), the fertile stamen (st) and the labellum (lab) A, B taken in Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre, Brazil C-F photos from plant pressed and accessioned as D. Skinner R 3482 in cultivation. Photos A-F by Dave Skinner.	Figure 11. Costus douglasdalyi Maas & H. Maas A plant in habitat, inflorescence with flowers on a leafy shoot B in habitat, inflorescence on separate leafless shoot C flowers D plant in cultivation showing narrow leaves E, F bract and flower details showing bracts (br), bracteoles (bl), calyx (ca), ovaries (ov), three petals (petals), the fertile stamen (st) and the labellum (lab) A, B taken in Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre, Brazil C-F photos from plant pressed and accessioned as D. Skinner R 3482 in cultivation. Photos A-F by Dave Skinner.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
C638FD6C4ABB5997B82B51E018F851AE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828360	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure21	Figure 21. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae: Chamaecostus - Costus douglasdalyi A Chamaecostus manausensis Maas & H. Maas B Costus alfredoi Maas & H. Maas C Costus alleniopsis Maas & D. Skinner D Costus alticolus Maas & H. Maas E Costus antioquiensis Maas & H. Maas F Costus callosus Maas & H. Maas G Costus cochabambae Maas & H. Maas H Costus convexus Maas & D. Skinner I Costus douglasdalyi Maas & H. Maas.	Figure 21. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae: Chamaecostus - Costus douglasdalyi A Chamaecostus manausensis Maas & H. Maas B Costus alfredoi Maas & H. Maas C Costus alleniopsis Maas & D. Skinner D Costus alticolus Maas & H. Maas E Costus antioquiensis Maas & H. Maas F Costus callosus Maas & H. Maas G Costus cochabambae Maas & H. Maas H Costus convexus Maas & D. Skinner I Costus douglasdalyi Maas & H. Maas.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
28BF304A5167552F950A717D88578DAF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828351	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure12	Figure 12. Costus gibbosus D. Skinner & Maas A plant in cultivation at Rio Palenque Science Center, Ecuador with Dave Skinner B inflorescence showing the recurved apices of the bract appendages C lower leaf sheaths showing swollen margins D close-up of bract (left) and flower (right) E plant in habitat near Caluma, El Oro, Ecuador B, C at Waimea Arboretum, Hawaii 74 S 2037, grown from seeds collected by Tim Plowman D, E Photos of plant in the wild prior to collecting seeds for D. Skinner R 3346, currently in cultivation. Photos A-E by Dave Skinner.	Figure 12. Costus gibbosus D. Skinner & Maas A plant in cultivation at Rio Palenque Science Center, Ecuador with Dave Skinner B inflorescence showing the recurved apices of the bract appendages C lower leaf sheaths showing swollen margins D close-up of bract (left) and flower (right) E plant in habitat near Caluma, El Oro, Ecuador B, C at Waimea Arboretum, Hawaii 74 S 2037, grown from seeds collected by Tim Plowman D, E Photos of plant in the wild prior to collecting seeds for D. Skinner R 3346, currently in cultivation. Photos A-E by Dave Skinner.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
28BF304A5167552F950A717D88578DAF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828361	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure22	Figure 22. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae. Costus gibbosus - Costus whiskeycola m A Costus gibbosus D. Skinner & Maas B Costus mollissimus Maas & H. Maas C Costus obscurus D. Skinner & Maas D Costus oreophilus Maas & D. Skinner E Costus pitalito C. D. Specht & H. Maas F Costus prancei Maas & H. Maas G Costus pseudospiralis Maas & H. Maas H Costus rubineus D. Skinner & Maas I Costus whiskeycola Maas & H. Maas.	Figure 22. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae. Costus gibbosus - Costus whiskeycola m A Costus gibbosus D. Skinner & Maas B Costus mollissimus Maas & H. Maas C Costus obscurus D. Skinner & Maas D Costus oreophilus Maas & D. Skinner E Costus pitalito C. D. Specht & H. Maas F Costus prancei Maas & H. Maas G Costus pseudospiralis Maas & H. Maas H Costus rubineus D. Skinner & Maas I Costus whiskeycola Maas & H. Maas.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
39BB13CA64F054F7B933299D0FB382DB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828352	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure13	Figure 13. Costus mollissimus Maas & H. Maas A inflorescence B ligules and sheath, showing short ligule and indument C, D cultivated plant growing in Florida, propagated from living accession 1998 GR 01567 at Utrecht Botanical Garden. Photos A, B by Paul Maas C, D by Dave Skinner.	Figure 13. Costus mollissimus Maas & H. Maas A inflorescence B ligules and sheath, showing short ligule and indument C, D cultivated plant growing in Florida, propagated from living accession 1998 GR 01567 at Utrecht Botanical Garden. Photos A, B by Paul Maas C, D by Dave Skinner.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
39BB13CA64F054F7B933299D0FB382DB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828361	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure22	Figure 22. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae. Costus gibbosus - Costus whiskeycola m A Costus gibbosus D. Skinner & Maas B Costus mollissimus Maas & H. Maas C Costus obscurus D. Skinner & Maas D Costus oreophilus Maas & D. Skinner E Costus pitalito C. D. Specht & H. Maas F Costus prancei Maas & H. Maas G Costus pseudospiralis Maas & H. Maas H Costus rubineus D. Skinner & Maas I Costus whiskeycola Maas & H. Maas.	Figure 22. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae. Costus gibbosus - Costus whiskeycola m A Costus gibbosus D. Skinner & Maas B Costus mollissimus Maas & H. Maas C Costus obscurus D. Skinner & Maas D Costus oreophilus Maas & D. Skinner E Costus pitalito C. D. Specht & H. Maas F Costus prancei Maas & H. Maas G Costus pseudospiralis Maas & H. Maas H Costus rubineus D. Skinner & Maas I Costus whiskeycola Maas & H. Maas.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
21E5187F33005474943314D0CC978B38.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828353	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure14	Figure 14. Costus obscurus D. Skinner & Maas A cultivated plant from Plowman's type collection showing upright orientation of leaf lamina B inflorescence C cultivated plant showing colours and upright orientation of leaf lamina D photo showing villose indument on leaf sheaths E Indument on adaxial leaf surface F indument on abaxial leaf surface A, B cultivated specimen from Lyon Arboretum, Hawaii L- 81.0901 grown from seeds wild collected by Tim Plowman from the plant accessioned as Plowman 5054 C-F photos taken in Pantiacolla, Madre de Dios, Peru prior to collecting seeds for D. Skinner R 3322, currently in cultivation. Photos A-F by Dave Skinner.	Figure 14. Costus obscurus D. Skinner & Maas A cultivated plant from Plowman's type collection showing upright orientation of leaf lamina B inflorescence C cultivated plant showing colours and upright orientation of leaf lamina D photo showing villose indument on leaf sheaths E Indument on adaxial leaf surface F indument on abaxial leaf surface A, B cultivated specimen from Lyon Arboretum, Hawaii L- 81.0901 grown from seeds wild collected by Tim Plowman from the plant accessioned as Plowman 5054 C-F photos taken in Pantiacolla, Madre de Dios, Peru prior to collecting seeds for D. Skinner R 3322, currently in cultivation. Photos A-F by Dave Skinner.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
21E5187F33005474943314D0CC978B38.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828361	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure22	Figure 22. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae. Costus gibbosus - Costus whiskeycola m A Costus gibbosus D. Skinner & Maas B Costus mollissimus Maas & H. Maas C Costus obscurus D. Skinner & Maas D Costus oreophilus Maas & D. Skinner E Costus pitalito C. D. Specht & H. Maas F Costus prancei Maas & H. Maas G Costus pseudospiralis Maas & H. Maas H Costus rubineus D. Skinner & Maas I Costus whiskeycola Maas & H. Maas.	Figure 22. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae. Costus gibbosus - Costus whiskeycola m A Costus gibbosus D. Skinner & Maas B Costus mollissimus Maas & H. Maas C Costus obscurus D. Skinner & Maas D Costus oreophilus Maas & D. Skinner E Costus pitalito C. D. Specht & H. Maas F Costus prancei Maas & H. Maas G Costus pseudospiralis Maas & H. Maas H Costus rubineus D. Skinner & Maas I Costus whiskeycola Maas & H. Maas.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
69D7C492E44155FE9E3CCCCA0798E02C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828354	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure15	Figure 15. Costus oreophilus Maas & D. Skinner A plant in habitat B inflorescence showing clasping upper leaves and recurved corolla lobes on a fresh flower C flowering shoot showing narrowly elliptic leaf lamina D upper part of inflorescence showing recurved corolla lobes and adaxially oriented to erect labellum. Photos A-D by Dave Skinner taken near La Molienda along the Rio Estancia, Tungurahua, Ecuador.	Figure 15. Costus oreophilus Maas & D. Skinner A plant in habitat B inflorescence showing clasping upper leaves and recurved corolla lobes on a fresh flower C flowering shoot showing narrowly elliptic leaf lamina D upper part of inflorescence showing recurved corolla lobes and adaxially oriented to erect labellum. Photos A-D by Dave Skinner taken near La Molienda along the Rio Estancia, Tungurahua, Ecuador.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
69D7C492E44155FE9E3CCCCA0798E02C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828361	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure22	Figure 22. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae. Costus gibbosus - Costus whiskeycola m A Costus gibbosus D. Skinner & Maas B Costus mollissimus Maas & H. Maas C Costus obscurus D. Skinner & Maas D Costus oreophilus Maas & D. Skinner E Costus pitalito C. D. Specht & H. Maas F Costus prancei Maas & H. Maas G Costus pseudospiralis Maas & H. Maas H Costus rubineus D. Skinner & Maas I Costus whiskeycola Maas & H. Maas.	Figure 22. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae. Costus gibbosus - Costus whiskeycola m A Costus gibbosus D. Skinner & Maas B Costus mollissimus Maas & H. Maas C Costus obscurus D. Skinner & Maas D Costus oreophilus Maas & D. Skinner E Costus pitalito C. D. Specht & H. Maas F Costus prancei Maas & H. Maas G Costus pseudospiralis Maas & H. Maas H Costus rubineus D. Skinner & Maas I Costus whiskeycola Maas & H. Maas.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
C79736589BB95B08846BF3556F31AB88.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828355	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure16	Figure 16. Costus pitalito C. D. Specht & H. Maas A inflorescence as seen from above showing hairs on the margins of the bracts B close-up of single flower with attached bracteole (bl) indicating the calyx (ca), petals (pe) and labellum (lab) C indument of abaxial leaf surface D flower as viewed from the top showing the open labellum (lab) and single fertile stamen (st) E close-up of swollen leaf sheaths F leaf ligule. Photos of type specimen Maas et al. 10733 taken prior to pressing A-E by Chelsea Specht, F by Paul Maas.	Figure 16. Costus pitalito C. D. Specht & H. Maas A inflorescence as seen from above showing hairs on the margins of the bracts B close-up of single flower with attached bracteole (bl) indicating the calyx (ca), petals (pe) and labellum (lab) C indument of abaxial leaf surface D flower as viewed from the top showing the open labellum (lab) and single fertile stamen (st) E close-up of swollen leaf sheaths F leaf ligule. Photos of type specimen Maas et al. 10733 taken prior to pressing A-E by Chelsea Specht, F by Paul Maas.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
C79736589BB95B08846BF3556F31AB88.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828361	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure22	Figure 22. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae. Costus gibbosus - Costus whiskeycola m A Costus gibbosus D. Skinner & Maas B Costus mollissimus Maas & H. Maas C Costus obscurus D. Skinner & Maas D Costus oreophilus Maas & D. Skinner E Costus pitalito C. D. Specht & H. Maas F Costus prancei Maas & H. Maas G Costus pseudospiralis Maas & H. Maas H Costus rubineus D. Skinner & Maas I Costus whiskeycola Maas & H. Maas.	Figure 22. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae. Costus gibbosus - Costus whiskeycola m A Costus gibbosus D. Skinner & Maas B Costus mollissimus Maas & H. Maas C Costus obscurus D. Skinner & Maas D Costus oreophilus Maas & D. Skinner E Costus pitalito C. D. Specht & H. Maas F Costus prancei Maas & H. Maas G Costus pseudospiralis Maas & H. Maas H Costus rubineus D. Skinner & Maas I Costus whiskeycola Maas & H. Maas.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
28B17AA13A495833A72419FB53764B67.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828356	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure17	Figure 17. Costus prancei Maas & H. Maas Photo in habitat taken by Paul Maas at Serra do Moa, Acre, Brazil. Photo corresponds to Prance 12265 collected by G. T. Prance in 1971.	Figure 17. Costus prancei Maas & H. Maas Photo in habitat taken by Paul Maas at Serra do Moa, Acre, Brazil. Photo corresponds to Prance 12265 collected by G. T. Prance in 1971.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
28B17AA13A495833A72419FB53764B67.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828361	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure22	Figure 22. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae. Costus gibbosus - Costus whiskeycola m A Costus gibbosus D. Skinner & Maas B Costus mollissimus Maas & H. Maas C Costus obscurus D. Skinner & Maas D Costus oreophilus Maas & D. Skinner E Costus pitalito C. D. Specht & H. Maas F Costus prancei Maas & H. Maas G Costus pseudospiralis Maas & H. Maas H Costus rubineus D. Skinner & Maas I Costus whiskeycola Maas & H. Maas.	Figure 22. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae. Costus gibbosus - Costus whiskeycola m A Costus gibbosus D. Skinner & Maas B Costus mollissimus Maas & H. Maas C Costus obscurus D. Skinner & Maas D Costus oreophilus Maas & D. Skinner E Costus pitalito C. D. Specht & H. Maas F Costus prancei Maas & H. Maas G Costus pseudospiralis Maas & H. Maas H Costus rubineus D. Skinner & Maas I Costus whiskeycola Maas & H. Maas.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
73F68C6A0B2251BAB9EF7C273F37D7EA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828357	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure18	Figure 18. Costus pseudospiralis Maas & H. Maas A plant in habitat near Xapuri, Acre, Brazil with Martin Acosta B inflorescences emerging from the same rhizome C close-up of inflorescence with flowers showing their abaxial orientation D inflorescence with scale, emerging flower showing abaxial orientation E abaxial leaf surface showing indument. Photos A-E by Dave Skinner.	Figure 18. Costus pseudospiralis Maas & H. Maas A plant in habitat near Xapuri, Acre, Brazil with Martin Acosta B inflorescences emerging from the same rhizome C close-up of inflorescence with flowers showing their abaxial orientation D inflorescence with scale, emerging flower showing abaxial orientation E abaxial leaf surface showing indument. Photos A-E by Dave Skinner.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
73F68C6A0B2251BAB9EF7C273F37D7EA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828361	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure22	Figure 22. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae. Costus gibbosus - Costus whiskeycola m A Costus gibbosus D. Skinner & Maas B Costus mollissimus Maas & H. Maas C Costus obscurus D. Skinner & Maas D Costus oreophilus Maas & D. Skinner E Costus pitalito C. D. Specht & H. Maas F Costus prancei Maas & H. Maas G Costus pseudospiralis Maas & H. Maas H Costus rubineus D. Skinner & Maas I Costus whiskeycola Maas & H. Maas.	Figure 22. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae. Costus gibbosus - Costus whiskeycola m A Costus gibbosus D. Skinner & Maas B Costus mollissimus Maas & H. Maas C Costus obscurus D. Skinner & Maas D Costus oreophilus Maas & D. Skinner E Costus pitalito C. D. Specht & H. Maas F Costus prancei Maas & H. Maas G Costus pseudospiralis Maas & H. Maas H Costus rubineus D. Skinner & Maas I Costus whiskeycola Maas & H. Maas.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
191887D029815EFAA87A8804961FE2FE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828358	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure19	Figure 19. Costus rubineus D. Skinner & Maas A plant in habitat near Villa Rica, Pasco, Peru B inflorescence with flowers showing the labellum with characteristic lobulate apex (a) C adaxial leaf midrib showing absence of line of hairs D bract and flower detail from plant in habitat at Alto Churumazu, Pasco, Peru showing the full flower with subtending bract (flower), bract (br), bracteole subtending the capsule (ovary plus calyx) (brl / ca), stigma and style as attached to the young capsule (gyn), petals, single fertile stamen (st) and labellum (lab). Seeds from this plant were collected and cultivated as D. Skinner R 3421 E plant in habitat at 1980 meters near Chinchao, Huanuco, Peru, the original collection site of " C. ruber " as indicated in Ruiz' journal F inflorescence with lower bracts removed and single flower photographed in the wild near Chinchao, Peru. Photos A-F by Dave Skinner.	Figure 19. Costus rubineus D. Skinner & Maas A plant in habitat near Villa Rica, Pasco, Peru B inflorescence with flowers showing the labellum with characteristic lobulate apex (a) C adaxial leaf midrib showing absence of line of hairs D bract and flower detail from plant in habitat at Alto Churumazu, Pasco, Peru showing the full flower with subtending bract (flower), bract (br), bracteole subtending the capsule (ovary plus calyx) (brl / ca), stigma and style as attached to the young capsule (gyn), petals, single fertile stamen (st) and labellum (lab). Seeds from this plant were collected and cultivated as D. Skinner R 3421 E plant in habitat at 1980 meters near Chinchao, Huanuco, Peru, the original collection site of " C. ruber " as indicated in Ruiz' journal F inflorescence with lower bracts removed and single flower photographed in the wild near Chinchao, Peru. Photos A-F by Dave Skinner.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
191887D029815EFAA87A8804961FE2FE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828361	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure22	Figure 22. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae. Costus gibbosus - Costus whiskeycola m A Costus gibbosus D. Skinner & Maas B Costus mollissimus Maas & H. Maas C Costus obscurus D. Skinner & Maas D Costus oreophilus Maas & D. Skinner E Costus pitalito C. D. Specht & H. Maas F Costus prancei Maas & H. Maas G Costus pseudospiralis Maas & H. Maas H Costus rubineus D. Skinner & Maas I Costus whiskeycola Maas & H. Maas.	Figure 22. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae. Costus gibbosus - Costus whiskeycola m A Costus gibbosus D. Skinner & Maas B Costus mollissimus Maas & H. Maas C Costus obscurus D. Skinner & Maas D Costus oreophilus Maas & D. Skinner E Costus pitalito C. D. Specht & H. Maas F Costus prancei Maas & H. Maas G Costus pseudospiralis Maas & H. Maas H Costus rubineus D. Skinner & Maas I Costus whiskeycola Maas & H. Maas.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
A8C88702988454E3B7F278BEECF5CEC4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828359	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure20	Figure 20. Costus whiskeycola Maas & H. Maas A cultivated plant grown from seeds from the Plowman & Davis 4396 accession now growing at the Utrecht Botanical Gardens, The Netherlands B cultivated plant obtained from the established nursery trade, accession D. Skinner R 2847 C flowers showing spreading labellum with lateral markings and a prominent honey mark D bracts with green and red erect appendages E comparison of leaf plication between (i) C. whiskeycola and (ii) C. erythrophyllus F comparison of ligule and leaf bases of (i) C. whiskeycola and (ii) C. erythrophyllus G comparison of leaf sections showing thicker mesophil layer in (i) C. whiskeycola v. (ii) C. erythrophyllus. Leaf images in C-D taken from plants that were pressed and accessioned as D. Skinner R 3026 (C. Costus whiskeycola sp. nov.) and D. Skinner R 2948 (C. erythrophyllus). Photo A by Lubbert Westra, photos B-F by Dave Skinner.	Figure 20. Costus whiskeycola Maas & H. Maas A cultivated plant grown from seeds from the Plowman & Davis 4396 accession now growing at the Utrecht Botanical Gardens, The Netherlands B cultivated plant obtained from the established nursery trade, accession D. Skinner R 2847 C flowers showing spreading labellum with lateral markings and a prominent honey mark D bracts with green and red erect appendages E comparison of leaf plication between (i) C. whiskeycola and (ii) C. erythrophyllus F comparison of ligule and leaf bases of (i) C. whiskeycola and (ii) C. erythrophyllus G comparison of leaf sections showing thicker mesophil layer in (i) C. whiskeycola v. (ii) C. erythrophyllus. Leaf images in C-D taken from plants that were pressed and accessioned as D. Skinner R 3026 (C. Costus whiskeycola sp. nov.) and D. Skinner R 2948 (C. erythrophyllus). Photo A by Lubbert Westra, photos B-F by Dave Skinner.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
A8C88702988454E3B7F278BEECF5CEC4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828361	https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure22	Figure 22. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae. Costus gibbosus - Costus whiskeycola m A Costus gibbosus D. Skinner & Maas B Costus mollissimus Maas & H. Maas C Costus obscurus D. Skinner & Maas D Costus oreophilus Maas & D. Skinner E Costus pitalito C. D. Specht & H. Maas F Costus prancei Maas & H. Maas G Costus pseudospiralis Maas & H. Maas H Costus rubineus D. Skinner & Maas I Costus whiskeycola Maas & H. Maas.	Figure 22. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae. Costus gibbosus - Costus whiskeycola m A Costus gibbosus D. Skinner & Maas B Costus mollissimus Maas & H. Maas C Costus obscurus D. Skinner & Maas D Costus oreophilus Maas & D. Skinner E Costus pitalito C. D. Specht & H. Maas F Costus prancei Maas & H. Maas G Costus pseudospiralis Maas & H. Maas H Costus rubineus D. Skinner & Maas I Costus whiskeycola Maas & H. Maas.	2023-03-22	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.		Zenodo	biologists	Maas, Paul J. M.;Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje;Andre, Thiago;Skinner, David;Valderrama, Eugenio;Specht, Chelsea D.			
