identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
54570D38FFFCFF932685F99021ABB992.text	54570D38FFFCFF932685F99021ABB992.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Leguminosae	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Leguminosae</p>
            <p> The checklist of  Leguminosae of Boyacá includes 265 species (including five treated as sp., and six as aff. or cf.). The CPLC (2016) did not include specimens named to genus only, nor sp. affs., nor cfs. Taking this into account, excluding a total of 11 species listed by us with provisional identifications, there is an increase of 61 (32%) legume species for the department since publication of the CPLC (2016). Fourteen species originally recorded for Boyacá are not accepted by us here (excluded species are given at the end of the legume checklist). Fifty-seven of the 265 species are not yet confirmed as category 1 names (i.e., their inclusion in the Boyacá list is tentative); of these, 37 species are category 2 confidence rating and 20 are category 3. When comparing our list with the Boyacá legumes recorded in the CPLC we have added 34 new genus records, of which 12 are introduced genera; 12 genera were previously recorded for Colombia in the CPLC but not for Boyacá, and ten are genera recorded for Boyacá in Balcázar-Vargas et al. ’s (2000) list, but not in the CPLC (Table 2). We include  Clitoria as a new legume genus record for Boyacá based on our collection of  C. javitensis in 2018. Collections of fruiting material of the two Colombian legume endemic genera  Brachycylix and  Orphanodendron were also a highlight of our fieldwork. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/54570D38FFFCFF932685F99021ABB992	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Lucas, Eve J.;Haigh, Anna L.;Castellanos, Cesar;Aguilar-Cano, José;Biggs, Nicola;Castellanos, Carolina C.;Fabriani, Federico;Frisby, Susan;García, Lina;Klitgård, Bente B.;Morales-Puentes, Maria Eugenia;Parra-O, Carlos;Perezescobar, Oscar;Zuluaga, Alejandro;Lewis, Gwilym P.	Lucas, Eve J., Haigh, Anna L., Castellanos, Cesar, Aguilar-Cano, José, Biggs, Nicola, Castellanos, Carolina C., Fabriani, Federico, Frisby, Susan, García, Lina, Klitgård, Bente B., Morales-Puentes, Maria Eugenia, Parra-O, Carlos, Perezescobar, Oscar, Zuluaga, Alejandro, Lewis, Gwilym P. (2023): An updated checklist of Araceae, Leguminosae and Myrtaceae of the department of Boyacá, Colombia, including keys to genera and new occurrence records. Phytotaxa 589 (2): 137-178, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.589.2.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.589.2.4
54570D38FFF3FF9C2685FF2E263CBFCC.text	54570D38FFF3FF9C2685FF2E263CBFCC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Araceae	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Araceae</p>
            <p> The checklist of  Araceae of Boyacá includes 87 species, an increase of 50 (135 % for the department since the publication of the CPLC (2016). Seven species originally recorded for Boyacá are not accepted by us here (excluded species). Fifteen of the 87 species are not yet confirmed as category 1 names (inclusion is currently tentative).  Adelonema is a new genus record for Boyacá from our 2018 field work. Including  Adelonema , eight genera have been added for Boyacá when compared to the CLPC, one of which is introduced (Table 2). The genus  Dieffenbachia is particularly difficult to identify from herbarium specimens, so all determinations of this genus (except for  Dieffenbachia seguine , the most widespread species) are tentative. This genus needs revising in Colombia. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/54570D38FFF3FF9C2685FF2E263CBFCC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Lucas, Eve J.;Haigh, Anna L.;Castellanos, Cesar;Aguilar-Cano, José;Biggs, Nicola;Castellanos, Carolina C.;Fabriani, Federico;Frisby, Susan;García, Lina;Klitgård, Bente B.;Morales-Puentes, Maria Eugenia;Parra-O, Carlos;Perezescobar, Oscar;Zuluaga, Alejandro;Lewis, Gwilym P.	Lucas, Eve J., Haigh, Anna L., Castellanos, Cesar, Aguilar-Cano, José, Biggs, Nicola, Castellanos, Carolina C., Fabriani, Federico, Frisby, Susan, García, Lina, Klitgård, Bente B., Morales-Puentes, Maria Eugenia, Parra-O, Carlos, Perezescobar, Oscar, Zuluaga, Alejandro, Lewis, Gwilym P. (2023): An updated checklist of Araceae, Leguminosae and Myrtaceae of the department of Boyacá, Colombia, including keys to genera and new occurrence records. Phytotaxa 589 (2): 137-178, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.589.2.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.589.2.4
54570D38FFF3FF9C2685FBB12173BB6F.text	54570D38FFF3FF9C2685FBB12173BB6F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrtaceae	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Myrtaceae</p>
            <p> The checklist of  Myrtaceae of Boyacá includes 24 species; this represents an increase of 8 species (35 %) for the department since the CPLC (2016). Three further genera,  Acca ,  Corymbia and  Eucalyptus have been recorded, although these are all introduced taxa (Table 2). Six new native species have been added:  Eugenia coffeifolia ,  E. linaresii ,  E. punicifolia ,  Myrcia bracteata ,  M. paivae and  Myrcianthes myrsinoides . Of these supplements, the only species added from field collections is  Eugenia coffeifolia , collected sterile during the project expedition. Until now, this distinctive species, widespread in Amazon forest has only been registered in northwestern South America by Ecuadorian specimens deposited at the Field Museum herbarium. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/54570D38FFF3FF9C2685FBB12173BB6F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Lucas, Eve J.;Haigh, Anna L.;Castellanos, Cesar;Aguilar-Cano, José;Biggs, Nicola;Castellanos, Carolina C.;Fabriani, Federico;Frisby, Susan;García, Lina;Klitgård, Bente B.;Morales-Puentes, Maria Eugenia;Parra-O, Carlos;Perezescobar, Oscar;Zuluaga, Alejandro;Lewis, Gwilym P.	Lucas, Eve J., Haigh, Anna L., Castellanos, Cesar, Aguilar-Cano, José, Biggs, Nicola, Castellanos, Carolina C., Fabriani, Federico, Frisby, Susan, García, Lina, Klitgård, Bente B., Morales-Puentes, Maria Eugenia, Parra-O, Carlos, Perezescobar, Oscar, Zuluaga, Alejandro, Lewis, Gwilym P. (2023): An updated checklist of Araceae, Leguminosae and Myrtaceae of the department of Boyacá, Colombia, including keys to genera and new occurrence records. Phytotaxa 589 (2): 137-178, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.589.2.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.589.2.4
54570D38FFF3FF992685F8CF27BCBAF0.text	54570D38FFF3FF992685F8CF27BCBAF0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Leguminosae	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Key to  Leguminosae Genera in Boyacá </p>
            <p>This key is largely based on features of taxa occurring in Boyacá and will not necessarily work for specimens and species of a genus collected outside the department or country. Genera in the checklist are arranged alphabetically. For recent nomenclatural updates in some genera see the remarks section. Cultivated taxa are included in the key and indicated by an asterisk. For terminology on leaf morphology, see Figure 2.</p>
            <p>1a. Leaves simple or 1-foliolate, or with expanded petioles (phyllodes), or leaves lacking (plant aphyllous) .......................... Group 1</p>
            <p>1b. Leaves with 2 or more leaflets............................................................................................................................................................ 2</p>
            <p>2a. Leaves with 2 leaflets ............................................................................................................................................................ Group 2</p>
            <p>2b. Leaves with more than 2 leaflets ........................................................................................................................................................ 3</p>
            <p>3a. Leaves 3-foliolate or palmately divided into 5 to many leaflets ........................................................................................... Group 3</p>
            <p>3b. Leaves pinnate....................................................................................................................................................................... Group 4</p>
            <p>3c. Leaves bipinnate.................................................................................................................................................................... Group 5</p>
            <p>Group 1</p>
            <p>Leaves 1-foliolate, simple, or plants with phyllodes, or leaves lacking (plant aphyllous).</p>
            <p>1a. Leaves caducous, the plants often appearing leafless ........................................................................................................................ 2</p>
            <p> 2a. Plants spiny; median petal inner-most; fruit indehiscent...................................................................................  Parkinsonia praecox</p>
            <p> 2b. Plants unarmed; median petal outer-most; fruit dehiscent, valves twisting ........................................................  Spartium junceum * </p>
            <p>1b. Leaves (or phyllodes) persistent......................................................................................................................................................... 3</p>
            <p>3a. Flowers large, showy, not papilionoid or mimosoid; leaves 2-lobed and palmately veined, or entire .............................................. 4</p>
            <p> 4a. Trees or shrubs without tendrils, sometimes with intrastipular spines.................................................................................  Bauhinia</p>
            <p> 4b. Lianas with tendrils, spines lacking...................................................................................................................  Schnella guianensis</p>
            <p>3b. Flowers papilionoid or mimosoid, variable in size; leaves not 2-lobed or palmately veined ............................................................ 5</p>
            <p> 5a. Flowers mimosoid, in dense heads; plants with pyllodes (= expanded petioles).....................................................................  Acacia</p>
            <p>5b. Flowers papilionoid, solitary or in few-flowered inflorescences, never in dense heads; plants lacking phyllodes........................... 6</p>
            <p> 6a. Spiny shrubs with (seemingly) needle-like leaves ...................................................................................................  Ulex europaeus * </p>
            <p>6b. Plants unarmed, leaves not needle-like .............................................................................................................................................. 7</p>
            <p> 7a. Trees; flowers with a single petal and multiple (well over 10) stamens ...............................................................................  Swartzia</p>
            <p>7b. Herbs, rarely subshrubs; flowers papilionoid, with five petals and 10 stamens................................................................................. 8</p>
            <p> 8a. Leaves obscurely gland-dotted below (use a x 20 lens); corolla with keel not beaked; fruit not, or only slightly, inflated ................ .....................................................................................................................................................................  Eriosema simplicifolium</p>
            <p> 8b. Leaves not gland-dotted; corolla with keel strongly beaked; fruits inflated .......................................................................  Crotalaria</p>
            <p>Group 2</p>
            <p>Leaves 2-foliolate</p>
            <p>1a. Trees; leaflets asymmetrical, the midvein excentric; flowers with median petal innermost or a single petal ................................... 2</p>
            <p> 2a. Petal 1 per flower...........................................................................................................................................................  Macrolobium</p>
            <p>2b. Petals 5 per flower.............................................................................................................................................................................. 3</p>
            <p>3a. Flowers in terminal panicles............................................................................................................................................................... 4</p>
            <p> 4a. Fruit turgid, indehiscent, with pulpy endocarp (when fresh); leaflets lacking specialized marginal glands......................  Hymenaea</p>
            <p> 4b. Fruit compressed, 2-valved, usually dehiscent; leaflets with a thickening or definite gland on adaxial margin near base ................. .............................................................................................................................................................................................  Peltogyne</p>
            <p> 3b. Flowers in short, axillary racemes.....................................................................................................................................  Cynometra</p>
            <p>1b. Herbs; leaflets symmetrical; flowers papilionoid, median petal outer-most ...................................................................................... 5</p>
            <p> 5a. Leaf without a tendril; flowers yellow; inflorescence bracteose; fruit a bristly loment...........................................................  Zornia</p>
            <p>5b. Leaf terminating in a tendril; flowers never yellow; inflorescence not bracteose; fruit a dehiscent pod without bristles................. 6</p>
            <p> 6a. Stipules smaller than the leaflets, margins not toothed; style flat .........................................................................................  Lathyrus</p>
            <p> 6b. Stipules larger than the leaflets, margins toothed, at least along the lower half; style longitudinally folded ...........  Pisum sativum * </p>
            <p>Group 3</p>
            <p> Leaves 3-foliolate or palmately divided (encountered in subfamily  Papilionoideae only). </p>
            <p> 1a. Leaves palmately divided .......................................................................................................................................................  Lupinus</p>
            <p>1b. Leaves 3-foliolate ............................................................................................................................................................................... 2</p>
            <p>2a. Leaves digitately 3-foliolate (the terminal leaflet not on a rachis extension) .................................................................................... 3</p>
            <p> 3a. Leaflet margins serrulate ......................................................................................................................................................  Trifolium</p>
            <p>3b. Leaflet margins entire......................................................................................................................................................................... 4</p>
            <p> 4a. Flowers purple or mauve; leaflets glandular-punctate (although glands sometimes obscured by indumentum).............  Otholobium</p>
            <p>4b. Flowers yellow; leaflets not glandular-punctate................................................................................................................................. 5</p>
            <p> 5a. Flowers in compact bracteose heads; fruit a loment with only the upper of the two articles fertil.................................  Stylosanthes</p>
            <p>5b. Flowers in lax or dense racemes; fruits many-seeded........................................................................................................................ 6</p>
            <p> 6a. Corolla with the keel strongly beaked; pods inflated ..........................................................................................................  Crotalaria</p>
            <p> 6b. Corolla with the keel not beaked; pods not inflated ....................................................................................  Genista monspessulana * </p>
            <p>2b. Leaves pinnately 3-foliolate (the terminal leaflet on a rachis extension)........................................................................................... 7</p>
            <p>7a. Leaflet margins serrat ......................................................................................................................................................................... 8</p>
            <p> 8a. Petals persisting in fruit; stamens with filaments dilated below the anthers; fruit included in the calyx ............  Trifolium dubium * </p>
            <p>8b. Petals not persisting in fruit; stamen filaments not dilated; fruits exserted........................................................................................ 9</p>
            <p> 9a. Flowers in lax racemes; fruits nutlet-like, drying greenish or brownish............................................................................  Melilotus * </p>
            <p> 9b. Flowers in heads or short compact racemes; fruits coiled or falcate, spiny or not, if nutlet-like then drying black.........  Medicago * </p>
            <p>7b. Leaflet margins not serrate ............................................................................................................................................................... 10</p>
            <p>10a. Erect herbs, shrubs or trees, never scrambling or climbing ............................................................................................................. 11</p>
            <p>11a. Leaflets (especially the lower surface) with tiny yellow or orange glands, which sometimes dry black (use x10 lens; glands sometimes concealed by the indumentum)....................................................................................................................................... 12</p>
            <p> 12a. Petals mauve or purple; pod one-seeded and partially hidden in the calyx......................................................................  Otholobium</p>
            <p>12b. Petals yellow; pod 2 or more seeded, not hidden by the calyx......................................................................................................... 13</p>
            <p> 13a. The standard shiny red on outside; fruits several-seeded, transversally indented between the seeds........................  Cajanus cajan * </p>
            <p> 13b. The standard yellow outside, sometimes with reddish insect guides; fruits usually c. 2-seeded, not transversally indented between the seeds ................................................................................................................................................................................  Eriosema</p>
            <p>11b. Leaflets eglandular ........................................................................................................................................................................... 14</p>
            <p> 14a. Flowers yellow, in compact bracteose heads; fruit a loment with only the upper of the two articles fertile ..................  Stylosanthes</p>
            <p>14b. Flowers of various colours but never yellow, in ± open racemes or nodose pseudoracemes; fruits various, if a loment then two or more articles fertile........................................................................................................................................................................... 15</p>
            <p> 15a. Herbs or small shrubs &lt;2 m tall; flowers &lt;1.5 cm long; fruit a loment with 1-seeded articles; hooked hairs common on fruits and stems.................................................................................................................................................................................  Desmodium</p>
            <p>15b. Large shrubs or trees&gt; 3 m tall; flowers&gt; 2 cm long; fruit not a loment; hooked hairs lacking .................................................... 16</p>
            <p> 16a. Stipels not swollen; flowers resupinate, in ramiflorous, nodose pseudoracemes, the corolla salmon pink with magenta markings; seeds brown .............................................................................................................................................................................  Clitoria</p>
            <p> 16b. Stipels swollen (glandular); flowers rarely resupinate, in non-ramiflorous racemes, the colour variable but never as above; seeds red or bicoloured (red and black) ........................................................................................................................................  Erythrina</p>
            <p>10b. Scrambling or twining herbs, vines, robust lianas, or shrubs with scrambling branches................................................................. 17</p>
            <p> 17a. Leaflets (especially the lower surface) with tiny yellow or orange glands (use x10 lens); fruits 2-seeded.....................  Rhynchosia</p>
            <p>17b. Leaflets eglandular; fruits with a varying number of seeds ............................................................................................................. 18</p>
            <p> 18a. Flowers 3.5–11 cm long, in pendent racemes; fruits often with irritant orange-brown hairs.................................................  Mucuna</p>
            <p>18b. Flowers &lt;5 cm long, inflorescences not pendent; fruits lacking irritant hairs ................................................................................ 19</p>
            <p> 19a. Fruit a loment breaking into 1-seeded articles .................................................................................................................  Desmodium</p>
            <p>19b. Fruit a dehiscent pod, not lomentaceous .......................................................................................................................................... 20</p>
            <p>20a. The upper two calyx teeth largely or entirely fused so that the calyx appears 4-lobed; keel petals not coiled................................ 21</p>
            <p> 21a. Leaflets usually (3-)lobed; fruits pilose, drying black.............................................................................  Neustanthus phaseoloides * </p>
            <p>21b. Leaflets not lobed; fruits variously pubescent or glabrous, not drying black .................................................................................. 22</p>
            <p> 22a. Robust lianas with woody pseudoracemes; the larger leaflets&gt; 10 cm long; pods&gt; 15 mm wide........................................  Dioclea</p>
            <p> 22b. Weak herbaceous twiners with slender pseudoracemes; the larger leaflets &lt;10 cm long; pods &lt;10 mm wid .....................  Galactia</p>
            <p>20b. The upper two calyx teeth not or ± fused, calyx 5-lobed; keel petals sometimes coiled ................................................................. 23</p>
            <p> 23a. Fruit suture tuberculate (blistered or warty along the margin).............................................................................  Lablab purpureus * </p>
            <p>23b. Fruit suture not tuberculate............................................................................................................................................................... 24</p>
            <p> 24a. Wing petals distinctly larger than the standard..............................................................................................................  Macroptilium</p>
            <p>24b. Wing petals smaller than or equalling the standard.......................................................................................................................... 25</p>
            <p> 25a. Fruit with a distinct upturned apical beak .........................................................................................................................  Teramnus * </p>
            <p>25b. Fruit without an upturned beak......................................................................................................................................................... 26</p>
            <p> 26a. Bracts and bracteoles persistent until flowering; hooked hairs always present on at least some parts (x 25 magnification); inflorescence nodes not swollen, lacking glands.................................................................................................................  Phaseolus</p>
            <p>26b. Bracts and bracteoles caducous before flowering; hooked hairs absent; inflorescence nodes swollen, with glands....................... 27</p>
            <p> 27a. Flowers cream or yellow, lacking any pink or purple markings ................................................................................................  Vigna</p>
            <p>27b. Flowers violet, purple, pink, red or blue (rarely with some petals green)........................................................................................ 28</p>
            <p>28a. Keel petals coiled, often through several spirals.............................................................................................................................. 29</p>
            <p> 29a. Keel petals coiled with a single spiral ..........................................................................................................  Sigmoidotropis speciosa</p>
            <p> 29b. Keel petals coiled in 3 or more spirals .......................................................................................................  Cochliasanthus caracalla</p>
            <p>28b. Keel petals not coiled ....................................................................................................................................................................... 30</p>
            <p> 30a. Flowers &lt;1 cm long....................................................................................................................................................  Calopogonium</p>
            <p>30b. Flowers&gt; 1 cm long......................................................................................................................................................................... 31</p>
            <p> 31a. Calyx subtended by a pair of large bracteoles, entirely or largely concealing the bud; stipules not medifixed ..............  Centrosema</p>
            <p> 31b. Bracteoles not hiding the calyx; stipules medifixed...................................................................................................................  Vigna</p>
            <p>Group 4</p>
            <p>Leaves pinnate.</p>
            <p>1a. Leaf paripinnate, with 2 pairs of opposite leaflets ............................................................................................................................. 2</p>
            <p>2a. Trees (to 35 m tall), shrubs or subshrubs; flowers not papilionoid; fruits never geocarpic ............................................................... 3</p>
            <p> 3a. Petiolules twisted; flowers in pendent, long-pedunculate racemes; petals mauve to lilac-blue, anthers monomorphic, dehiscing by longitudinal slits; fruits woody, scimitar-shaped, dehiscent; seeds&gt; 3 cm in diameter, testa thin and papery.................................... ............................................................................................................................................................................  Brachycylix vageleri</p>
            <p> 3b. Petiolules not twisted; if flowers in pendent racemes, these not long-pedunculate; petals yellow; anthers dimorphic, dehiscing by apical pores or short lateral slits ................................................................................................................................................  Senna</p>
            <p> 2b. Herbs; flowers papilionoid; fruits geocarpic ........................................................................................................  Arachis hypogaea * </p>
            <p>1b. Leaf with&gt; 4 leaflets, if in 2 pairs then these not opposite................................................................................................................ 4</p>
            <p>4a. Herbs or vines..................................................................................................................................................................................... 5</p>
            <p>5a. Leaf ending in a tendril....................................................................................................................................................................... 6</p>
            <p> 6a. Stipules foliaceous, larger than leaflets .....................................................................................................................  Pisum sativum * </p>
            <p>6b. Stipules not foliaceous, smaller than leaflets ..................................................................................................................................... 7</p>
            <p> 7a. Inflorescences with 1–3 flowers; fruits with 1 or 2 lenticular seeds ..........................................................................  Lens culinaris * </p>
            <p>7b. Inflorescences with 1 to many flowers; fruits with&gt; 2, obovoid or obtuse-cubical seed .................................................................. 8</p>
            <p> 8a. Style pubescent adaxially (on inside), for ⅓–½ of its length ................................................................................................  Lathyrus</p>
            <p> 8b. Style pubescent abaxially (on outside) or all around, only towards apex ...................................................................................  Vicia</p>
            <p>5b. Leaf ending in one or two leaflets ...................................................................................................................................................... 9</p>
            <p> 9a. Scrambling vines; flowers&gt; 5 cm long; calyces&gt; 3 cm long (including the c. 1 cm long linear teeth); corolla blood red; stems, leaf rachises and calyces densely clothed with dark patent hairs; stipels evident at the insertion of the leaflet pairs................  Barbieria</p>
            <p>9b. Erect herbs or subshrubs; flowers &lt;2 cm long; corolla not blood red............................................................................................. 10</p>
            <p> 10a. Stipules dentate or sagittate; leaflet margins dentate ................................................................................................  Cicer arietinum * </p>
            <p>10b. Stipules not sagittate, margins entire, or stipules inconspicuous ..................................................................................................... 11</p>
            <p> 11a. Fruit a loment, breaking into 2–18, 1-seeded articles .................................................................................................  Aeschynomene</p>
            <p>11b. Fruit a pod dehiscing into two valves, sometimes slightly to strongly constricted between the seeds, or fruits 1-seeded .............. 12</p>
            <p> 12a. Leaflets with secondary venation almost parallel, sharply ascending (c. 20° to the midrib) ..............................................  Tephrosia</p>
            <p>12b. Leaflets with secondary venation not strictly parallel nor sharply ascending.................................................................................. 13</p>
            <p> 13a. Leaflets glandular-punctate; flowers bluish purple; fruit 1-seeded ............................................................................................  Dalea</p>
            <p>13b. Leaflets not glandular-punctate; flowers yellow, pinkish, or a combination of these colours; fruits with 2 to many seeds............ 14</p>
            <p> 14a. Leaflets with 2-branched (medifixed) hairs; corolla pinkish .............................................................................................  Indigofera</p>
            <p>14b. Leaflets without 2-branched hairs; corolla yellow ........................................................................................................................... 15</p>
            <p> 15a. Corolla open, not papilionoid, stamens free; anthers dehiscing by pores; fruits dehiscent with twisting valves .........  Chamaecrista</p>
            <p>15b. Corolla papilionoid, stamen filaments united; fruits sometimes with twisting valves..................................................................... 16</p>
            <p> 16a. Stem pithy; fruit linear, subcylindric, over 10 cm long.........................................................................................................  Sesbania</p>
            <p> 16b. Stem solid; fruit &lt;10 cm long......................................................................................................................  Coursetia intermontana</p>
            <p>4b. Trees, shrubs or lianas ...................................................................................................................................................................... 17</p>
            <p> 17a. Flowers regular, with 5 corolla lobes and&gt; 10 stamens partially fused into a tube; leaves with cup-shaped or disc-shaped nectaries between each leaflet pair; the only singly pinnate mimosoid; leaf rachis often winged; fruits indehiscent ................................  Inga</p>
            <p>17b. Flowers irregular, zygomorphic, or 3-merous, petals 5 or less, or lacking; stamens 10 or fewer, if more than 10 not fused into a tube ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18</p>
            <p>18a. Petals 1, 3 or lacking, if 5 then 2 of these rudimentary .................................................................................................................... 19</p>
            <p>19a. Petals lacking, fruits dehiscent, few-seeded, seeds arillate .............................................................................................................. 20</p>
            <p> 20a. Flowers &lt;1 cm in diameter; aggregated in panicles; stamens monomorphic, fewer than 10; leaflets partially glandular punctate ... .............................................................................................................................................................................................  Copaifera</p>
            <p> 20b. Flowers&gt; 1 cm long; in racemes; stamens dimorphic, more than 10; leaflets not glandular punctate.................................  Swartzia</p>
            <p>19b. Petals 1 or 3(–5)................................................................................................................................................................................ 21</p>
            <p> 21a. Main petal white, and corolla with 1–4 additional rudimentary, white, petaloid structures; fruits laterally compressed, woody; leaf rachis slightly winged....................................................................................................................................................  Macrolobium</p>
            <p>21b. Petals yellow or creamish yellow, or white; fruits variable, but not laterally compressed .............................................................. 22</p>
            <p> 22a. Petal 1, yellow, orange or white; stamens many, dimorphic; leaf rachis sometimes slightly winged...................................  Swartzia</p>
            <p> 22b. Petals 3, creamish yellow with red markings (plus two rudimentary, tiny reddish petals); stamens 3, not dimorphic; leaf rachis not winged ...................................................................................................................................................................  Tamarindus indica</p>
            <p>18b. Petals (4–)5, all well developed.</p>
            <p>23a. Flowers not papilionoid; median (standard) petal overlapped by adjacent lateral petals (especially in bud).................................. 24</p>
            <p> 24a. Petals 4; sepals 2; stamens more than 15, monomorphic; anthers dehiscing by longitudinal slits; foliage nectaries absent; trees; flowers in cauliflorous spikes (ball-shaped at anthesis); fruits large dehiscent woody pods ................................................  Brownea</p>
            <p>24b. Petals 5; sepals 5; stamens up to 10, dimorphic; anthers dehiscing by apical pores or short slits; foliage nectaries common but not ubiquitous; herbs, subshrubs or shrubs (less often trees); inflorescences not cauliflorous.............................................................. 25</p>
            <p> 25a. Extra-floral nectaries often present on leaf rachis and petiole; stamen filaments all straight...................................................  Senna</p>
            <p> 25b. Extra-floral nectaries lacking on leaves; stamen filaments of the longer (fertile) stamens S-shaped......................  Cassia moschata</p>
            <p>23b. Flowers papilionoid, standard petal outside adjacent lateral petals (most obvious in bud) ............................................................. 26</p>
            <p> 26a. Leaves opposite; fruits indehiscent, laterally compressed, 1-seeded samaroids with the seed centrally placed ................................. ......................................................................................................................................................................  Platymiscium pinnatum</p>
            <p>26b. Leaves alternate................................................................................................................................................................................ 27</p>
            <p>27a. Leaflets gland-dotted or with peltate glandular trichomes on the lower surface ............................................................................. 28</p>
            <p> 28a. Leaflets linear, under 2 mm wide, with black gland dots; calyces with orange gland dots; fruit 1-seeded, hidden within the calyx; flowers mauve; introduced cultivated shrub...........................................................................................................  Psoralea pinnata * </p>
            <p>28b. Leaflets not linear, over 2 cm wide, obscurely gland-dotted or with glandular trichomes on lower surface; fruit a showy drupe or large samara; flowers pinkish or yellow.</p>
            <p> 29a. Leaf rachis flattened and with a terminal extension; fruit a woody drupe; corolla pinkish; leaflet lower surface without peltate orange glands.........................................................................................................................................................................  Dipteryx</p>
            <p> 29b. Leaf rachis terete; fruit a large samara, the basal, woody, seed chamber spiny; corolla yellow; leaflet lower surface with peltate orange glands..............................................................................................................................................  Centrolobium yavizanum</p>
            <p>27b. Leaflets not gland-dotted and without peltate glandular trichomes ................................................................................................. 30</p>
            <p>30a. Lianas; leaflets alternate; sap usually oxidizing red......................................................................................................................... 31</p>
            <p> 31a. Branches unarmed; corolla with standard petal glabrous; fruit a samaroid with one central seed .....................................  Dalbergia</p>
            <p> 31b. Branches often with recurved spines; corolla with standard petal hairy dorsally; fruit a samara with a basal seed chamber and terminal wing..................................................................................................................................................................  Machaerium</p>
            <p>30b. Trees or shrubs.................................................................................................................................................................................. 32</p>
            <p> 32a. Petiole and leaf rachis flattened (with narrow wings)...........................................................................................................  Dipteryx</p>
            <p>32b. Petiole and leaf rachis not flattened.................................................................................................................................................. 33</p>
            <p>33a. Leaflets alternate or only partly opposite on rachis.......................................................................................................................... 34</p>
            <p>34a. Fruits not winged.............................................................................................................................................................................. 35</p>
            <p> 35a. Fruits many-seeded, valves twisting after dehiscence...........................................................................................  Gliricidia sepium * </p>
            <p> 35b. Fruits with 1 or 2 seeds, drupaceous, seeds surrounded by red or orange aril ...........................................  Dussia macroprophyllata</p>
            <p>34b. Fruits winged.................................................................................................................................................................................... 36</p>
            <p> 36a. Fruit a 1-seeded samara, the seed chamber basal; standard petal pubescent on outer surface.......................................  Machaerium</p>
            <p>36b. Fruit samaroid with one central seed; standard petal glabrous on both surfaces. ............................................................................ 37</p>
            <p> 37a. Flowers yellow or orange; samaroid orbicular with seed in centre..................................................................................  Pterocarpus</p>
            <p>37b. Flowers white or purple; samaroid oblong or ellipsoid.................................................................................................................... 38</p>
            <p> 38a. Leaflets &lt;3 cm long; buds symmetrical; fruits &lt;2 cm wide; fruit base not twisted ..........................................................  Dalbergia</p>
            <p> 38b. Leaflets&gt; 5 cm long; buds asymmetrical; fruits&gt; 3 cm wide, fruit base twisted.............................................  Diplotropis purpurea</p>
            <p>33b. Leaflets opposite or subopposite on rachis....................................................................................................................................... 39</p>
            <p> 39a. Shrubs; flowers yellow; fruit with persistent style at apex...................................................................................................  Coursetia</p>
            <p>39b. Trees ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 40</p>
            <p>40a. Fruits indehiscent.............................................................................................................................................................................. 41</p>
            <p> 41a. Fruit a woody, ellipsoid drupe, without a wing; leaves with stipels.........................................................................................  Andira</p>
            <p> 41b. Fruit laterally compressed, papery, with a narrow wing along the upper suture; leaves without stipels ........  Bowdichia virgilioides</p>
            <p>40b. Fruits dehiscent................................................................................................................................................................................. 42</p>
            <p>42a. Calyx with well demarcated teeth or lobes....................................................................................................................................... 43</p>
            <p> 43a. Flower buds&gt; 2 cm long; cucullate leaf bud scales caducous to reveal a persistent, digitate, brown stipule pair; woody fruits explosively dehiscent, the valves twisting........................................................................................  Orphanodendron grandiflorum</p>
            <p>43b. Flower buds &lt;1 cm long; leaf bud scales lacking; stipules not as above. ....................................................................................... 44</p>
            <p> 44a. Leaflets lacking prominent, parallel secondary veins; leaflet margins not revolute; fruits glabrous, several seeded; seeds brown .... .................................................................................................................................................................  Clathrotropis brachypetala</p>
            <p> 44b. Leaflets with prominent parallel secondary veins on the under surface; leaflet margins revolute; fruits with a rust coloured, velvety indumentum, 1–2-seeded; seeds bicoloured red and black ...................................................................................  Ormosia coarctata</p>
            <p>42b. Calyx margin subtrunctae with inconspicuous lobes ....................................................................................................................... 45</p>
            <p> 45a. Leaflets with marked tannin blotches when dry....................................................................................................  Gliricidia sepium * </p>
            <p> 45b. Leaflets lacking tannin blotches ...................................................................................................................................  Lonchocarpus</p>
            <p>Group 5</p>
            <p>Leaves bipinnate.</p>
            <p>1a. Stamens 10 or less per flower, the filaments free or slightly united towards base............................................................................. 2</p>
            <p>2a. Petals imbricate in bud, flowers relatively large, showy and irregular............................................................................................... 3</p>
            <p> 3a. Leaves with a single pair of pinnae; pinna rachis flattened............................................................................  Parkinsonia aculeata * </p>
            <p>3b. Leaves with 2 or more pairs of pinnae ............................................................................................................................................... 4</p>
            <p>4a. Branches (and stems) with prickles or spines..................................................................................................................................... 5</p>
            <p> 5a. Petals with red markings, the lowermost sepal cucullate-fimbriate................................................................................  Tara spinosa</p>
            <p> 5b. Petals without red markings, the lowermost sepal not cucullate, entire............................................................  Parkinsonia praecox</p>
            <p>4b. Branches without prickles .................................................................................................................................................................. 6</p>
            <p>6a. Cultivated shrubs................................................................................................................................................................................ 7</p>
            <p> 7a. Flower median petal with a long tubular claw; pedicels eglandular .........................................................  Caesalpinia pulcherrima * </p>
            <p> 7a. Flower median petal lacking tubular claw; pedicels glandular ....................................................................  Erythrostemon gilliesii * </p>
            <p>6b. Trees ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8</p>
            <p> 8a. Medium-sized trees to 15 m tall; flowers showy, predominantly red; fruits elongate, woody, several-seeded; introduced, cultivated as an ornamental ..........................................................................................................................................................  Delonix regia * </p>
            <p> 8b. Large trees to 40 m tall; flowers small or medium-sized, yellow; fruits leathery, 1-seeded, seed in a papery endocarp envelope; native and cultivated......................................................................................................................................  Schizolobium parahyba</p>
            <p>2b. Petals valvate in bud, flowers relatively small and regular (mimosoid) ............................................................................................ 9</p>
            <p>9a. Plants armed with prickles, spines or thorns .................................................................................................................................... 10</p>
            <p> 10a. Flowers in heads, if in spikes or racemes then fruit a craspedium (breaking up to leave a persistent suture, the replum)....  Mimosa</p>
            <p> 10b. Flowers in spiciform racemes; fruit indehiscent, not breaking up as above; mesocarp fibrous............................  Prosopis juliflora * </p>
            <p>9b. Plants unarmed ................................................................................................................................................................................. 11</p>
            <p>11a. Nectariferous structures present on the foliage (petiole, rachis) ...................................................................................................... 12</p>
            <p> 12a. Flowers dimorphic (inflorescence with hermaphrodite apical flowers, and sterile basal flowers); herbs or subshrubs.  Desmanthus</p>
            <p>12b. Flowers isomorphic, sterile flowers absent; trees............................................................................................................................. 13</p>
            <p> 13a. Flowers in spikes .............................................................................................................................................  Piptadenia pteroclada</p>
            <p>13b. Flowers in heads............................................................................................................................................................................... 14</p>
            <p> 14a. Deciduous trees; fruits thick, woody, indehiscent ...................................................................................  Enterolobium cyclocarpum</p>
            <p> 14b. Evergreen trees; fruits linear, laterally compressed, dehiscent along both sutures ...........................................................  Leucaena</p>
            <p> 11b. Well delimited nectariferous structures absent on the foliage (flat glandular area on petiole and/or rachis present in  Parkia )...... 15 </p>
            <p> 15a. Lianas; flowers isomorphic (sterile flowers absent), in spikes grouped into dense pseudopanicles; fruits sometimes breaking up to leave persistent sutures (the replum) ..............................................................................................................................  Entada gigas</p>
            <p> 15b. Trees; flowers dimorphic (sterile and non-sterile flowers present), in heads, not grouped into dense pseudopanicles, inflorescence long-pedunculate; fruits not breaking up to leave persistent sutures ........................................................................................  Parkia</p>
            <p>1b. Stamens&gt; 10 per flower, the filaments free or partially fused......................................................................................................... 16</p>
            <p>16a. Stamen filaments essentially free ..................................................................................................................................................... 17</p>
            <p>17a. Plants usually armed with spines or prickles; leaves with nectary glands ....................................................................................... 18</p>
            <p> 18a. Plants climbing or scrambling, armed with scattered prickles ............................................................................................  Senegalia</p>
            <p> 18b. Large shrubs or trees, armed with stipular spines ................................................................................................................  Vachellia</p>
            <p> 17b. Plants unarmed; leaves without nectary glands....................................................................................................................  Acaciella</p>
            <p>16b. Stamen filaments partially fused (it might be necessary to dissect a flower to observe the fusion), the fused portion exserted from the corolla or not............................................................................................................................................................................... 19</p>
            <p> 19a. Plants armed with thorns at the nodes; pinnae in 1 or 2 pairs per leaf; fruits coiled...................................................  Pithecellobium</p>
            <p>19b. Plants unarmed ................................................................................................................................................................................. 20</p>
            <p>20a. Nectaries absent on the foliage......................................................................................................................................................... 21</p>
            <p> 21a. Flowers in spherical heads; fruits thin-textured, membranous to subcoriaceous..................................................................  Zapoteca</p>
            <p> 21b. Flowers in obconiform heads; fruits rigid, coriaceous to ligneous ....................................................................................  Calliandra</p>
            <p>20b. Nectaries present on the foliage, either between the pinnae pairs, on the petiole, or both .............................................................. 22</p>
            <p>22a. Flowers arranged in dense, spherical heads ..................................................................................................................................... 23</p>
            <p> 23a. Flower heads forming branched synflorescences; fruit a linear, laterally compressed, dehiscent pod .................  Albizia carbonaria</p>
            <p> 23b. Flower heads solitary, if several then clustered, not forming synflorescences; fruits indehiscent, thick, woody, partially coiled...... .................................................................................................................................................................  Enterolobium cyclocarpum</p>
            <p>22b. Flowers arranged in pedunculate fascicles not forming globose heads, or in spikes ....................................................................... 24</p>
            <p>24a. Pinnae in 1 or 2 pairs per leaf........................................................................................................................................................... 25</p>
            <p> 25a. Flowers white or pinkish, in short, rami- or cauliflorous spikes, clustered onto woody knots; fruits not red-brown inside, straight or slightly curved........................................................................................................................................................................  Zygia</p>
            <p> 25b. Flowers cream-coloured, yellowish or greenish, in heads, not rami- or cauliflorous, not clustered onto woody knots; fruits a reddish brown colour inside, strongly curved ...........................................................................................................................  Abarema laeta</p>
            <p>24b. Pinnae in&gt; 2 pairs per leaf............................................................................................................................................................... 26</p>
            <p> 26a. Flowers arranged in spikes; stamen filaments yellowish green; cultivated in the Andes as an ornamental and occasionally encountered as an escape...........................................................................................................................  Paraserianthes lophantha</p>
            <p> 26b. Flowers arranged in pedunculate fascicles; stamen filaments pink and white; sometimes cultivated as a shade tree; fruits thick, straight, with pulpy mesocarp...................................................................................................................................  Samanea saman</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/54570D38FFF3FF992685F8CF27BCBAF0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Lucas, Eve J.;Haigh, Anna L.;Castellanos, Cesar;Aguilar-Cano, José;Biggs, Nicola;Castellanos, Carolina C.;Fabriani, Federico;Frisby, Susan;García, Lina;Klitgård, Bente B.;Morales-Puentes, Maria Eugenia;Parra-O, Carlos;Perezescobar, Oscar;Zuluaga, Alejandro;Lewis, Gwilym P.	Lucas, Eve J., Haigh, Anna L., Castellanos, Cesar, Aguilar-Cano, José, Biggs, Nicola, Castellanos, Carolina C., Fabriani, Federico, Frisby, Susan, García, Lina, Klitgård, Bente B., Morales-Puentes, Maria Eugenia, Parra-O, Carlos, Perezescobar, Oscar, Zuluaga, Alejandro, Lewis, Gwilym P. (2023): An updated checklist of Araceae, Leguminosae and Myrtaceae of the department of Boyacá, Colombia, including keys to genera and new occurrence records. Phytotaxa 589 (2): 137-178, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.589.2.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.589.2.4
54570D38FFE6FF8B2685FD6C2712BC67.text	54570D38FFE6FF8B2685FD6C2712BC67.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Araceae	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Key to Genera of  Araceae of Boyacá </p>
            <p>This key has been partly adapted from Mayo, Bogner and Boyce (1997). It includes all genera from Colombia, as those that are not currently recorded from Boyacá (marked with *) are either widely introduced or occur in biogeographic areas that extend into Boyacá and are therefore highly likely to occur there. Genera in the checklist are arranged alphabetically.</p>
            <p>1a. Plants free floating aquatics................................................................................................................................................................ 2</p>
            <p> 2a. Plants forming a conspicuous rosette with many roots, not minute...........................................................................................  Pistia</p>
            <p>2b. Plants small to minute, few-rooted to rootless, thallus-like leafless bodies....................................................................................... 3</p>
            <p>3a. Roots present ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 4</p>
            <p> 4a. One root per frond ....................................................................................................................................................................  Lemna</p>
            <p> 4b. Several roots per frond .........................................................................................................................................................  Spirodela</p>
            <p>3b. Roots absent........................................................................................................................................................................................ 5</p>
            <p> 5a. Fronds globose to ovoid .........................................................................................................................................................  Wolffia * </p>
            <p> 5b. Fronds flat, with airspaces..................................................................................................................................................  Wolffiella * </p>
            <p>1b. Plants terrestrial or helophytes, climbing hemiepiphytes, epiphytes or lithophytes or other but never floating ............................... 6</p>
            <p>6a. Flowers with obvious perigone of free or fused tepals....................................................................................................................... 7</p>
            <p> 7a. Higher order leaf venation parallel to primary lateral veins; tissues with abundant trichosclereids...........................  Spathiphyllum</p>
            <p>7b. Higher order leaf venation clearly reticulated; tissues without trichosclereids or trichosclereids very few...................................... 8</p>
            <p> 8a. Stem aerial, not tuberous or rhizomatous..........................................................................................................................  Anthurium</p>
            <p>8b. Stem typically subterranean ............................................................................................................................................................... 9</p>
            <p> 9a. Leaf blade dracontioid (blades basally trifurcate, thereafter further divided, or at least basally trifurcate......................  Dracontium</p>
            <p> 9b. Leaf blade deeply sagittate or lanceolate..........................................................................................................................  Urospatha * </p>
            <p>6b. Flowers without perigone of free or fused tepals ............................................................................................................................. 10</p>
            <p>10a. Flowers bisexual; spadix uniform in appearance with flowers of only one type (sometimes with sterile flowers at spadix base). 11</p>
            <p> 11a. Petiole usually very short with non-annular insertion; trichosclereids not present in tissues, leaf never perforated or lobed; primary lateral veins forming distinct submarginal vein ...............................................................................................................  Heteropsis * </p>
            <p>11b. Petiole well-developed with annular insertion and usually conspicuous sheath; trichosclereids present in tissues ........................ 12</p>
            <p> 12a. Ovary 1-locular or incompletely 2-locular ...................................................................................................................  Epipremnum * </p>
            <p>12b. Ovary 2–5-locular............................................................................................................................................................................. 13</p>
            <p>13a. Leaf blade entire; seeds fusiform, claviform or lenticular, less than 3 mm long, endosperm present; ovules (2–)3-many per locule .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 14</p>
            <p> 14a. Placentation basal; seeds fusiform to claviform; leaf blades thickly coriaceous .....................................................  Stenospermation</p>
            <p> 14b. Placentation axile; seeds lenticular and flattened, strongly curved; leaf blades mostly membranous ...........................  Rhodospatha</p>
            <p> 13b. Leaf blade variously shaped, often perforated or pinnatifid or both; seeds globose to oblong, 6–22 mm long, the raphe S-shaped; endosperm absent; ovules 2 per locule.................................................................................................................................  Monstera</p>
            <p>10b. Flowers unisexual; spadix clearly divided into basal female zone and apical or intermediate male zone....................................... 15</p>
            <p>15a. Stamens of each male flower free or only the filaments connate..................................................................................................... 16</p>
            <p>16a. Higher order leaf venation reticulate................................................................................................................................................ 17</p>
            <p> 17a. Spadix fertile to apex, terminal appendix absent. Robust herb .................................................................................  Montrichardia * </p>
            <p> 17b. Spadix with ± smooth terminal appendix. Small herb .................................................................................................  Zomicarpella * </p>
            <p>16b. Higher order leaf venation parallel-pinnate...................................................................................................................................... 18</p>
            <p>18a. Upper part of spathe persisting as long as lower part; ovary 1-many locular; thecae dehiscing by subapical pores or longitudinal slits; connective usually conspicuously thickened ........................................................................................................................... 19</p>
            <p>19a. Spathe variously shaped, never campanulate; peduncle usually short ............................................................................................. 20</p>
            <p> 20a. Plants suffruticose. Fruits conspicuous red or pink berries not surrounded by a persistent spathe.................................  Aglaonema * </p>
            <p>20b. Plants not suffruticose. Fruits various, if red or orange berries then surrounded by a persistent spathe ......................................... 21</p>
            <p> 21a. Climbing hemiepiphytes, epiphytes or terrestrial herbs with petiolar sheath much reduced; if petiolar sheath well-developed then plants climbing; leaf blades highly variable – ranging from linear-lanceolate to complexly bipinnatifid; ovules orthotropous or hemianatropous..............................................................................................................................................................  Philodendron</p>
            <p> 21b. Plants always terrestrial, rarely aquatic, never climbing or epiphytic; petiolar sheath well developed; often armed with prickles; leaves lanceolate, elliptic, oblong, subtriangular or cordate to sagittate; ovules anatropous............................................  Adelonema</p>
            <p> 19b. Spathe obconic to campanulate; plants from Southern Africa (naturalized in America and Asia); peduncle long, sometimes longer than leaves ......................................................................................................................................................................  Zantedeschia</p>
            <p> 18b. Upper part of spathe marcescent or caducous at anthesis, lower part long-persistent; ovary 1-locular; thecae dehiscing by apical pores, connective not conspicuously thickened..............................................................................................................  Philonotion * </p>
            <p>15b. Stamens of each male flower entirely connate into a distinct synandrium. ............................................................................ 22</p>
            <p> 22a. Laticifers simple ...........................................................................................................................................................  Dieffenbachia</p>
            <p>22b. Laticifers anastomosing.................................................................................................................................................................... 23</p>
            <p> 23a. Plants climbing hemiepiphytes, sometimes creeping on ground in submature growth, internodes long; berries connate into a syncarp...............................................................................................................................................................................  Syngonium</p>
            <p>23b. Plants terrestrial or geophytic, rarely aquatic, not climbing; internodes very short, berries free from each other .......................... 24</p>
            <p> 24a. Spadix without an appendix (occasionally absent in  Colocasia esculenta , excluded here)............................................................. 25 </p>
            <p>25a. Pollen shed in tetrads; style usually laterally thickened or expanded into a diaphanous mantle; leaf blade entire or pedatifid...... 26</p>
            <p> 26a. Spathe tube subglobose, inflated; female zone of spadix free; styles normally discoid (laterally swollen) and coherent; synandrodes (sterile flowers) between male and female flowers well-developed, ± prismatic ...........................................................  Xanthosoma</p>
            <p> 26b. Spathe tube narrow, elongate; female zone of spadix mostly adnate to spathe; stylar region thin, spreading, diaphanous, mantlelike; synandrodes (sterile flowers) betweeen male and female flowers usually irregular or fungiform, not prismatic  Chlorospatha</p>
            <p> 25b. Pollen shed in monads; stylar region not laterally expanded; leaf blade entire or trifid ...................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................  Caladium (including  Phyllotaenium lindenii ) </p>
            <p> 24b. Spadix with an appendix (occasionally absent in  Colocasia esculenta ); palaeotropical plants....................................................... 27 </p>
            <p> 27a. Placentas parietal; ovules many; leaf blade always entire...................................................................................................  Colocasia</p>
            <p> 27b. Placenta basal; ovules few; leaf blade entire or pinnatifid ....................................................................................................  Alocasia</p>
            <p> Checklist of the  Araceae of Boyacá (Table 5) </p>
            <p>New records for Boyacá</p>
            <p> For the  Araceae one new genus and 57 new species records are registered for Boyacá. </p>
            <p> New genus record:  Adelonema . </p>
            <p> New species records:  Adelonema picturatum ,  A. wendlandii ,  Anthurium amoenum ,  A. breviscapum ,  A. clavigerum ,  A. crassinervium ,  A. denudatum ,  A. eminens ,  A. fendleri ,  A. formosum ,  A. glaucospadix ,  A. gracile ,  A. hodgei ,  A. lingua ,  A. longegeniculatum ,  A. macarenense ,  A. magnificum ,  A. mindense ,  A. obtusilobum ,  A. ptarianum ,  A. pulverulentum ,  A. sagittatum ,  A. uleanum ,  A. versicolor ,  Dieffenbachia parlatorei ,  D. seguine ,  Monstera dubia ,  M. lechleriana ,  Philodendron barrosoanum ,  P. deflexum ,  P. fragrantissimum ,  P. grandipes ,  P. gloriosum ,  P. hederaceum ,  P. holtonianum ,  P. inaequilaterum ,  P. longirrhizum ,  P. ornatum ,  P. radiatum ,  P. sagittifolium ,  P. tenue ,  P. wurdackii ,  Phyllotaenium lindenii ,  Pistia stratiotes ,  Rhodospatha latifolia ,  R. wendlandii ,  Spathiphyllum cannifolium ,  S. friedrichsthalii ,  S. wallisii ,  Stenospermation angosturense ,  S. angustifolium ,  S. popayanense ,  S. wallisii ,  Syngonium podophyllum ,  Xanthosoma caquetense ,  X. helleborifolium ,  Zantedeschia aethiopica . </p>
            <p>Number of ENDEMIC SPECIES</p>
            <p> Twelve species of  Araceae are endemic to Boyacá </p>
            <p>Excluded species</p>
            <p>The seven species below were recorded for Boyacá in the CPLC or elsewhere in the relevant literature but are excluded from our checklist either because a) the binomial is a synonym of another name, or b) the specimen(s) on which the record for Boyacá was based was(were) misidentified.</p>
            <p> Anthurium corrugatum Sodiro : the species does not occur in Boyacá. </p>
            <p> Anthurium nitidum Benth. ; the species does not occur in Boyacá. </p>
            <p> Anthurium pulchrum Engl =  A. oxybelium Schott</p>
            <p> Anthurium tenerum Engl. ; the species does not occur in Boyacá. </p>
            <p> Xanthosoma hylaeae Engl. &amp; K. Krause ; the species does not occur in Boyacá. </p>
            <p> Xanthosoma robustum Schott ; the species does not occur in Boyacá. </p>
            <p> Xanthosoma undipes (K. Koch &amp; C.D. Bouché) K. Koch ; the species does not occur in Boyacá. </p>
            <p>Remarks</p>
            <p> Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G.Donis is widely cultivated as a subsistence crop and as an ornamental. </p>
            <p> Anthurium magnificum Linden is an attractive plant used in horticulture. </p>
            <p> The determination of  Anthurium pulverulentum Sodiro is not confirmed. </p>
            <p> Anthurium scandens (Aubl.) Engl. is the most widespread aroid in the New World. </p>
            <p> Caladium bicolor (Aiton) Vent. is widely used in horticulture; it is a common plant of roadsides and steep slopes in forests. </p>
            <p> The type specimen of  Chlorospatha croatiana var. enneaphylla Grayum is from Boyacá. </p>
            <p> Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott is widely cultivated for the edible tuber. </p>
            <p> Dieffenbachia seguine (Jacq.) Schott is a widespread and variable species which includes  D. maculata (G. Lodd) Sweet as a synonym.  Dracontium spruceanum (Schott) G.H.Zhu is the most widespread and morphologically variable member of this genus. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/54570D38FFE6FF8B2685FD6C2712BC67	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Lucas, Eve J.;Haigh, Anna L.;Castellanos, Cesar;Aguilar-Cano, José;Biggs, Nicola;Castellanos, Carolina C.;Fabriani, Federico;Frisby, Susan;García, Lina;Klitgård, Bente B.;Morales-Puentes, Maria Eugenia;Parra-O, Carlos;Perezescobar, Oscar;Zuluaga, Alejandro;Lewis, Gwilym P.	Lucas, Eve J., Haigh, Anna L., Castellanos, Cesar, Aguilar-Cano, José, Biggs, Nicola, Castellanos, Carolina C., Fabriani, Federico, Frisby, Susan, García, Lina, Klitgård, Bente B., Morales-Puentes, Maria Eugenia, Parra-O, Carlos, Perezescobar, Oscar, Zuluaga, Alejandro, Lewis, Gwilym P. (2023): An updated checklist of Araceae, Leguminosae and Myrtaceae of the department of Boyacá, Colombia, including keys to genera and new occurrence records. Phytotaxa 589 (2): 137-178, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.589.2.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.589.2.4
54570D38FFE4FFB42685FDFE2177BECC.text	54570D38FFE4FFB42685FDFE2177BECC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrtaceae	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Key to the Genera of  Myrtaceae of Boyacá </p>
            <p> The following key is heavily based on the works of Lucas et al., (submitted) and Landrum and Kawasaki (1997);  Myrteola and  Ugni are distinguished using characters presented in Landrum (1988). </p>
            <p>1a. Fruits fleshy, adult leaves opposite..................................................................................................................................................... 2</p>
            <p>2a. Stamens folded in the bud, testa membranous, cotyledons leafy and folded with hypocotyl encircling the cotyledons or swollen and starchy, hypocotyl reduced ................................................................................................................................................................. 3</p>
            <p> 3a. Flowers c. 10 mm diameter, in terminal or sub-terminal fascicles, stamens white or pink, fruits more than 15 mm diameter, strongly fragrant, cotyledons free, white or cream, enlarged and homogenous, hypocotyl not evident ............................................  Syzygium</p>
            <p> 3b. Flowers less than 7 mm diameter, in sub-terminal or axillary panicles, stamens white, fruits less than 12 mm diameter, not markedly fragrant, cotyledons green, free, leafy and folded, surrounded by the hypocotyl ....................................................................  Myrcia</p>
            <p>2b. Stamens straight in the bud, testa membranous or bony, cotyledons swollen and starchy or free and c-shaped or greatly reduced, never leafy and folded, hypocotyl never encircling the cotyledons ................................................................................................... 4</p>
            <p>4a. Shrubs exclusive to altitudes over 1,600 m., calyx lobes acutely pointed, leaves less than 2 cm long; flowers solitary; cotyledons and hypocotyl of about equal length .................................................................................................................................................. 5</p>
            <p> 5a. Flowers erect; stamens exserted, anthers sub-globose, not glandular, as long as the filaments; placentation biseriate .......  Myrteola</p>
            <p> 5b. Flowers hanging; stamens included, anthers sagittate, glandular, as long as or shorter than the filaments; placentation usually multiseriate ..................................................................................................................................................................................  Ugni</p>
            <p>4b. Shrubs or trees of any altitude, calyx lobes usually ovate, leaves longer than 2 cm; inflorescence cymose, sometimes compound, racemose or flowers solitary............................................................................................................................................................... 6</p>
            <p>6a. Flowers 4-merous, seed testa membranaceous, cotyledons swollen and starchy, hypocotyl reduced, usually fewer than 3 seeds per fruit; ovules emerging from the septum from a central placenta........................................................................................................ 7</p>
            <p> 7a. Individuals usually from altitudes over 1,400 m, flowers solitary or inflorescence of simple or complex dichasia, cotyledons swollen and homogenous, free ........................................................................................................................................  Myrcianthes</p>
            <p> 7b. Individuals from any altitude, flowers solitary, in fascicles or racemes, cotyledons swollen and homogenous, fused.........  Eugenia</p>
            <p>6b. Flowers (4)5-merous; seed testa bony; usually many seeds per fruit; placentation various but not emerging from a central placenta............................................................................................................................................................................................... 8</p>
            <p>8a. Flowers 4 or 5-merous, calyx lobes not extended, style capitate, locules 1–5(-18), placentation usually in one or more series along an often-well-developed placenta, seeds numerous ........................................................................................................................... 9</p>
            <p>9a. Petals and stamens white, mature fruits globose, as long as wide, often yellow or purple, not densely covered in lanate trichomes .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10</p>
            <p> 10a. Leaves with widely looping lateral veins and no clear marginal vein, flowers with free calyx lobes, testa membranous or cartilaginous, ..............................................................................................................................................................  Campomanesia</p>
            <p> 10b. Leaves usually with a distinct marginal vein, flowers with free or and tearing calyx lobes, testa bony................................  Psidium</p>
            <p> 9b. Petals and stamens red, mature fruits green, twice as long as wide, covered in white, lanate trichomes ...................................  Acca</p>
            <p> 8b. Flowers 5-merous, calyx lobes with long apical leafy appendages, style simple, locules 2–6, placentation usually around a protruding, peltate placenta, seeds usually fewer than 10 .................................................................................................  Calycolpus</p>
            <p>1b. Fruits capsular, adult leaves alternate or whorled to sub-opposite................................................................................................... 11</p>
            <p> 11a. Leaves distinctly whorled, linear, needle-shaped, calyx and corolla free. .........................................................................  Melaleuca</p>
            <p>11b. Leaves lanceolate, more than 6 cm long and 1 cm wide, calyx and corolla fused into an operculum that is dehiscent at anthesis 12</p>
            <p> 12a. Inflorescence in compound corymbs, stamens red..............................................................................................................  Corymbia</p>
            <p> 12b. Inflorescence in simple corymbs, stamens white ..............................................................................................................  Eucalyptus</p>
            <p> Checklist of the  Myrtaceae of Boyacá (Table 6) </p>
            <p>New record for Boyacá</p>
            <p> For the  Myrtaceae 10 new species records are registered for Boyacá, none are endemic to the department. </p>
            <p> New species records:  Acca sellowiana ,  Calycolpus moritzianus ,  Corymbia ficifolia ,  Eucalyptus resinifera ,  Eugenia coffeifolia ,  E. linaresii ,  E. punicifolia ,  Myrcia bracteata ,  M. paivae ,  Myrcianthes rhopaloides . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/54570D38FFE4FFB42685FDFE2177BECC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Lucas, Eve J.;Haigh, Anna L.;Castellanos, Cesar;Aguilar-Cano, José;Biggs, Nicola;Castellanos, Carolina C.;Fabriani, Federico;Frisby, Susan;García, Lina;Klitgård, Bente B.;Morales-Puentes, Maria Eugenia;Parra-O, Carlos;Perezescobar, Oscar;Zuluaga, Alejandro;Lewis, Gwilym P.	Lucas, Eve J., Haigh, Anna L., Castellanos, Cesar, Aguilar-Cano, José, Biggs, Nicola, Castellanos, Carolina C., Fabriani, Federico, Frisby, Susan, García, Lina, Klitgård, Bente B., Morales-Puentes, Maria Eugenia, Parra-O, Carlos, Perezescobar, Oscar, Zuluaga, Alejandro, Lewis, Gwilym P. (2023): An updated checklist of Araceae, Leguminosae and Myrtaceae of the department of Boyacá, Colombia, including keys to genera and new occurrence records. Phytotaxa 589 (2): 137-178, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.589.2.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.589.2.4
