identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
F26B87A96751FFBFFF2AFC95049AF957.text	F26B87A96751FFBFFF2AFC95049AF957.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elpidium F. Muller 1880	<div><p>Genus Elpidium F. Müller, 1880</p> <p>Type species. Elpidium bromeliarum F. M̧ller, 1880</p> <p>Other species presently included in the genus: Elpidium maricaoense (Tressler, 1941); Elpidium laesslei (Tressler, 1956), Elpidium inaequivalve Danielopol, 1981; Elpidium pintoi Danielopol, 1981; Elpidium purperae Danielopol, 1981; Elpidium merendonense Pinto &amp; Jocqué, 2013; Elpidium martensi Danielopol et al., 2014; Elpidium littlei Pereira et al., 2019; Elpidium heberti Pereira et al., 2019; Elpidium wolfi Pereira et al., 2019; Elpidium litoreum Pereira et al., 2022, Elpidium oxumae n. sp.; Elpidium cordiforme n. sp.; Elpidium picinguabaense n. sp.; Elpidium eriocaularum n. sp.; Elpidium higutiae n. sp.; Elpidium purium n. sp.</p> <p>Diagnosis (modified after Pinto &amp;Jocqué2013).Medium to large sized ostracods, inhabiting phytotelm environments, typically tank-bromeliads. Brownish color, varying from light to dark. Subtle ornamentation as minute individual or grouped foveolae (except for E. laesslei). Bisexual; females posteriorly wider than males due to the presence of a brooding chamber; sexual dimorphism subtle or strong but always present in carapace and appendages. Ventral surface flat. Width greater than height. Males with greatest width usually at mid-length; females with greatest width displaced posteriorly. Bow funnel structure present internally on both valves in mouth region. Muscle scars consisting of four vertically stacked spots, with two rounded mandibular scars below them. Protodont hinge (sensu Danielopol et al. 2014) consisting of a bar and two proto-teeth on smaller valve, the posterior usually more developed than the anterior. Antennula five-segmented; with dorso sub-apical expansion on first segment; articles ‘4a’ and ‘4b’ partially divided. Antenna terminal segment with two bi-serrate claws and one pectinate claw in males; with three bi-serrate claws in females. Maxillula with a pair of spatulate claws on second and third endites. Hemipenis sclerotized; caudal rami reduced to a pair of setae; lower ramus varying in shape; upper ramus absent; copulatory process usually hooklike, with or without differentiation of distal glans and ejaculatory duct (see for example Danielopol et al. 2014 and Pereira et al. 2019); distal lobe symmetric or asymmetric, varying in shape and size, but always with dorsal seta. Female abdomen rounded, bearing a dorsal stiff spine, sclerotized genital lobes with internal muscles and trabeculae, and furcal lobes with reduced caudal rami.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F26B87A96751FFBFFF2AFC95049AF957	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Pereira, Julia S.;Rocha, Carlos E. F.;Martens, Koen;Pinto, Ricardo L.	Pereira, Julia S., Rocha, Carlos E. F., Martens, Koen, Pinto, Ricardo L. (2023): Six new species of Elpidium Müller, 1880 (Podocopida: Limnocytheridae) from Eastern Brazil. Zootaxa 5258 (1): 1-38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5258.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5258.1.1
F26B87A96751FFB4FF2AF96305C7FF36.text	F26B87A96751FFB4FF2AF96305C7FF36.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elpidium oxumae Pereira & Rocha & Martens & Pinto 2023	<div><p>Elpidium oxumae n. sp.</p> <p>Figs. 1–4</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: DA198C66-0CA0-4961-B0C9-B2CB1845BF4C</p> <p>Diagnosis. Large-sized (length of male = 1007 µm; length of female = 1085 µm) species with rounded carapace (width/length ratio = 0.8; height/length ratio = 0.7). Brownish surface with sparse setae, normal pore canals and subtle ornamentation. Right valve overlapping left one. Sexual dimorphism pronounced: in dorsal and ventral views, posterior contour narrowly rounded in males, truncated in females. Ventral surface flat. In dorsal and ventral views, carapace symmetric on posterior contour morphology and greatest width. In left lateral view, external antero-ventral flange on left valve largely protruding; dorsal margin greatly arched, with greatest height in the middle; ventral margin almost straight. Hinge bar long (= length of dorsal margin) and crenulate along posterior third; anterior and posterior proto-teeth well-developed. Copulatory process on hemipenis without differentiation of distal glans and ejaculatory duct, hook-like; distal lobe elongated (basis width/length ratio = 0.4) with rounded apex and medial vestigial digital expansion; dorsal seta slightly longer than half the length of the distal lobe; lower ramus sinuous with acuminate apex.</p> <p>Etymology. The species is named after Oxum, a deity considered queen of freshwaters according to afrobrazilian religions Umbanda and Candomblé. Although widespread in Brazil, these religions are particularly common in Bahia State, where the species was found.</p> <p>Type Material. Holotype: a dissected male (MZUSP 40271) with valves dried and coated for scanning electron microscopy stored in a micropaleontological slide and appendages mounted in a sealed slide with glycerin.</p> <p>Allotype: a dissected female (MZUSP 40272) stored like the holotype.</p> <p>Paratypes: a male (MZUSP 40277) and a female (MZUSP 40273) dissected and stored like the holotype; three males (MZUSP 40278, MZUSP 40279, MZUSP 40280) and three females (MZUSP 40274, MZUSP 40275, MZUSP 40276) dried and coated for scanning electron microscopy stored in micropaleontological slides; males (~14) and females (~28) (MZUSP 40281) kept whole in a vial with 70% ethanol.</p> <p>Type Locality. Tank-bromeliads from Reserva Biológica da Peninha, S„o Francisco do Paraguaçu, Bahia, Brazil. Approximated geographic coordinates: 12º45′40.7″ S, 38º 52′ 16.5″ W. Material collected on July 25, 2007, by Carlos E. F. Rocha.</p> <p>Description of the male.</p> <p>Measurements. L: 1007 µm; W: 849 µm; H: 752 µm.</p> <p>Carapace (Fig. 1A, B, D). Large (L = 1007 µm), with dorsal margin rounded and strongly arched. Surface with sparse setae, normal pore canals and subtle ornamentation. In dorsal and ventral views (Figs. 1A, D), carapace symmetric; posterior contour narrowly rounded. In ventral view, ventral surface flat. In left lateral view (Fig. 1B), right valve overlapping left one along all margins; carapace rounded in lateral view (height/length ratio = 0.7); anterior flange on left valve large.</p> <p>Left valve internal view (Fig. 1H–J). Flange present along anterior, ventral and posterior margins, discontinued by bow funnel-shaped structure in the oral region; posterior flange with sparse setae and subtle inner list. Selvage well-developed along three sides of the left valve: weakly inwardly displaced along posterior and ventral margin, more strongly inwardly displaced along antero-ventral margin. Vestibule narrow in both, anterior and posterior regions. Hinge bar long (= length of dorsal margin); anterior proto-tooth thinner than posterior one; posterior prototooth pronounced. Muscle scars consisting of four spots, stacked in a slightly antero-ventral direction, the dorsal three spots elongated, the most ventral scar rounded and by far the smallest.</p> <p>Right valve internal view (Fig. 1E–G). Anterior flange narrow, posterior flange absent. Selvage well-inwardly displaced along anterior margin, slightly along ventral margin, and almost nonexistent along caudal margin; both anterior and posterior regions with strong inner list, anterior one along selvage, forming a crenulate bow funnelshaped structure narrow in oral region. Calcified inner lamella present in anterior, ventral and posterior regions; Vestibule narrow in both, anterior and posterior regions. Muscle scars consisting of four spots, stacked in a slightly antero-ventral direction, the dorsal three spots elongated, the most ventral scar rounded and by far the smallest.</p> <p>Antennula (Fig. 2A). Five-segmented. First segment slightly longer than wide and with a subapical expansion carrying numerous pseudochaetae on antero-dorsal margin. Second segment the longest, with numerous dorsal pseudochaetae and one long ventral plumose seta, sub-basically inserted and reaching mid-length of fourth segment. Third segment sub-quadrate, with a single dorso-apical seta reaching mid-length of fourth segment. Fourth segment long, partially subdivided in the middle, with two subequal dorso-medial setae, and one ventro-medial seta approximately equally long (all on segment 4a), and with three dorso-apical setae (two sub-equal and one long) and one long ventro-apical seta (on segment 4b). Fifth (terminal) segment short and narrow, apically with short Ya and three setae: two short and sub-equal and one longer, more than twice the length of Ya.</p> <p>Antenna (Fig. 2B). Protopodite two-segmented: ring-shaped coxa plus long and arched basis with long dorsoapical pseudochaetae. Exopodite consisting of a short plate, carrying a long, two-segmented spinneret seta, second segment of this seta inserted perpendicularly on tip of longer first segment. Endopodite three-segmented. First segment rectangular, about 1.5 times as long as basal width, with a long ventro-apical seta, reaching end of second segment; dorsally with three well-delimited groups of pseudochaetae. Second segment about five times as long as basal width, with a continuous dorsal row of pseudochaetae; a short Y and a subequal seta inserted along midventral margin; sub-apically with two thin dorsal setae, one about half the length of the other and ventroapically with a biserrate claw, more than twice as long as the third segment. Third (terminal) segment small, sub-quadrate with vestigial seta and hyaline formation plus two thin apical biserrate claws and one subapical pectinate claw with a row of strong teeth.</p> <p>Mandible, with coxa (Fig 2D —illustration of a female specimen) and a palp (Fig. 2E). Coxa long, internally with eight strong teeth, plumose and thin seta, three interdental setae, one modified, spoon-shaped (X1) and two thin with usual apex (X2, X3), three interdental spines and a single plumose sub-apical seta. Palp four-segmented, with basis and three endopodal segments. Basis set with two large, plumose setae, one about half the length of the other, and a respiratory plate (the exopodite) with three long and broad setae plus one short reflexed seta, all set with setules. First endopodal segment with two setae, one long, plumose and one short. Second endopodal segment with five setae, three long ones and two thin ones, the latter subequal in length. Third endopodal (terminal) segment small, sub-quadrate, with three apical setae, two long of similar length and one shorter than the other two.</p> <p>Maxillula (Fig. 2F —illustration of a female specimen). Consisting of a basis, a large respiratory plate, three endites and a one-segmented palp. First endite with three subequal, slender setae. Second and third endites each with three subequal, slender setae and two spatulate claws. Palp with four pseudochaetae rows (not visible on the appendage illustrated, but confirmed present for the species), vestigial seta and two long, slender apical setae. Respiratory plate (exopodite) with 16 rays plus one reflexed seta, all set with setules.</p> <p>First thoracic limb (Fig. 3A). Basis broad and slightly arched with one ventral plumose long seta, two short ventro-apical setae and a single long dorsal seta (exopodite?) reaching second endopodial segment. Endopodite three-segmented. First segment the longest with numerous pseudochaetae on both, dorsal and ventral margins and one stout ventro-apical seta reaching tip of second endopodial segment. Second segment with length greater than width and without setae. Third segment with length similar to that of second endopodial segment and without setae, but with distal claw long and arched, swollen basis carrying a vestigial seta.</p> <p>Second thoracic limb (Fig. 3B). Larger than first thoracic limb. Basis with ventral medium-sized plumose seta, single ventro-apical long plumose seta and one dorsal (exopodite?) long plumose seta. First endopodial segment with ventro-apical seta longer than second endopodial segment. Second and third segment subequal and without setae. Distal claw on third segment longer and slightly more arched than equivalent claw on first thoracic limb; swollen basis also carrying a vestigial seta.</p> <p>Third thoracic limb (Fig. 3C). Basis broad and slightly arched with two ventral, slender setae: one medial and one apical and a dorsal plumose seta (exopodite?), shorter than exopodite on first and second thoracic limbs. Endopodite three-segmented. First endopodial segment the longest, ventrally with a row of long pseudochaetae, dorso-apical with one group of pseudochaetae and apically with a short row of pseudochaetae and a slender pappose seta longer than the second segment. Second and third endopodal segments shorter than equivalent segments on first and second thoracic limbs, with ventral and apical rows of pseudochaetae and no setae. Distal claw on third segment slender and long, swollen basis also carrying a vestigial seta.</p> <p>Hemipenis (Fig. 3D). With broad, rounded and sclerotized muscular body. Main appendage elements consisting of a copulatory complex (cop plus LR) and a DL; cop hook-like without differentiation between distal glans and ejaculatory duct. LR sinuous with acuminate apex. DL with length greater than width (basis width/lobe length ratio = 0.4), a rounded apex and a medial vestigial digital expansion; ds slender, reaching just over half the length of the DL; fl with two setae and numerous pseudochaetae.</p> <p>Description of female.</p> <p>Measurements. L: 1085 µm; W: 957 µm; H: 791 µm.</p> <p>Carapace (Fig. 4A–C). Large (L = 1085 µm), with dorsal margin rounded and strongly arched. Strong sexual dimorphism, with major width displaced posteriorly due to externally visible brooding chamber; posterior contour truncate in dorsal and ventral views. Left lateral view with dorsal margin highly arched, ventral margin straight and right valve overlapping left one along all margins.</p> <p>Antenna, terminal segment (Fig. 2C). Similar to equivalent in males, but with vestigial seta, hyaline formation and three biserrate claws instead of two biserrate and one pectinate claws.</p> <p>Abdomen (Fig. 3E). End of body rounded and large with one stiff, dorso-medial spine-like seta, and genital and furcal lobes. Genital lobe rounded, rigid, with internally trabeculae and muscles; fl rounded but not rigid, with three sub-equal pappose setae and numerous pseudochaetae.</p> <p>Differential diagnosis. Elpidium oxumae n. sp., E. martensi and E. purperae are the only three Elpidium species with reversed overlap (right valve overlapping left valve) currently known. However, they can be distinguished in several ways. Comparing E. oxumae n. sp. to E. martensi in left lateral view, right valve overlaps left one from anterior to posterior regions throughout the whole dorsal margin extension in E. oxumae n. sp. This characteristic is absent in E. martensi. In addition, the external antero-ventral flange is much more evident in E. oxumae n. sp.; in internal view, the hinge bar is well-developed, with pronounced proto-teeth on E. oxumae n. sp.. Concerning sexual appendages, E. oxumae n. sp. has a DL on the hemipenis somewhat similar to that of E. martensi. However, the cop is shorter and the apex of the LR is much more rounded in E. martensi. All three main hemipenis structures: cop, DL and LR are distinct also from those observed in E. purperae. E. oxumae n. sp. has rounded DL, a LR with acuminate apex and an elongated hook-like cop. E. purperae on the other hand, has a very elongated and acuminate DL, a rounded LR and a short hook-like cop.</p> <p>Distribution. The species is currently known only from tank-bromeliads in three different locations in the state of Bahia, Brazil: São Francisco do Paraguaçu (type locality), Serra da Jacobina (approximate coordinates 11° 14′ S, 40°30′ W) and Ilhéus (approximate coordinates 14° 47′ S, 39° 02′ W).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F26B87A96751FFB4FF2AF96305C7FF36	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Pereira, Julia S.;Rocha, Carlos E. F.;Martens, Koen;Pinto, Ricardo L.	Pereira, Julia S., Rocha, Carlos E. F., Martens, Koen, Pinto, Ricardo L. (2023): Six new species of Elpidium Müller, 1880 (Podocopida: Limnocytheridae) from Eastern Brazil. Zootaxa 5258 (1): 1-38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5258.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5258.1.1
F26B87A9675AFFB3FF2AFEB5033BFDDB.text	F26B87A9675AFFB3FF2AFEB5033BFDDB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elpidium cordiforme Pereira & Rocha & Martens & Pinto 2023	<div><p>Elpidium cordiforme n. sp.</p> <p>Figs. 5–8</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 7503B4ED-439C-4D01-9CB3-6A7AF09CA717</p> <p>Diagnosis. Medium-sized Elpidium (length of male = 886 µm; length of female = 911 µm), with carapace elongated (width/length ratio = 0.8; height /length ratio = 0.5). Surface brownish with sparse setae, normal pore canals and subtle ornamentation. Left valve overlapping right one. Strong sexual dimorphism: posterior contours in dorsal and ventral views rounded with subtle beak in males, markedly invaginated in females. Ventral surface flat. In dorsal and ventral views, carapace symmetric. In right lateral view, external flange outstanding, dorsal margin arched, ventral margin nearly straight, postero-ventral region angulated. Hinge bar long (more than 2/3 of length of dorsal margin); anterior proto-tooth smooth and thin; posterior proto-tooth thin and slightly crenulate. Copulatory process on hemipenis without differentiation of distal glans and ejaculatory duct, with distal region curled, apex thin and elongated. Distal lobe elongated (basis width/lobe length ratio = 0.5) with rounded apex and long basal (finger-type) digital expansion, giving a distinct bi-lobed impression; dorsal seta reaching about half-length of distal lobe. Lower ramus with apex triangular and acuminate.</p> <p>Etymology. The specific epithet “cordiforme” is a reference to the heart-shaped contour of the carapace in dorsal and ventral views.</p> <p>Type Material. Holotype: a dissected male (MZUSP 40282) with valves dried and coated for scanning electron microscopy stored in a micropaleontological slide and appendages mounted in a sealed slide with glycerin.</p> <p>Allotype: a dissected female (MZUSP 40283) stored like the holotype.</p> <p>Paratypes: a male (MZUSP 40290) dissected and stored like the holotype; three males (MZUSP 40287, MZUSP 40288, MZUSP 40289) and three females (MZUSP 40284, MZUSP 40285, MZUSP 40286) dried and coated for scanning electron microscopy stored in micropaleontological slides; males (~96) and females (~117) (MZUSP 40291) kept whole in a vial with 70% ethanol.</p> <p>Type Locality. Tank-bromeliads from Domingos Martins, Espírito Santo, Brazil. Approximated geographic coordinates: 20º24′55.2″ S, 40º51′45.7″ W. Material collected on Nov. 11, 2006, by Carlos E. F. Rocha.</p> <p>Description of the male.</p> <p>Measurements. L: 886 µm; W: 744 µm; H: 483 µm.</p> <p>Carapace (Figs. 5A–F). Medium-sized (L = 886 µm). Surface with sparse setae, normal pore canals and subtle ornamentation. In dorsal and ventral views (Fig. 5A–C), posterior contour rounded with subtle beak. In dorsal view, carapace symmetric. In ventral view, ventral surface flat. In right lateral view (Figs 5E–F), left valve overlapping right one in dorsal and anterior margins; posterior margin subtly angulated; carapace elongated (height/length ratio = 0.5); external flange outstanding on anterior region; dorsal margin arched; ventral margin nearly straight.</p> <p>Left valve (Fig. 5G–I). In internal view with flange present along antero-ventral region, absent along ventral and posterior regions. Selvage well marked along anterior region, forming narrow bow funnel-shaped structure in oral region, subtly in ventral region, running along valve margin at posterior end. Calcified inner lamellae and vestibules narrow on both anterior and posterior region.</p> <p>Right valve (Fig. 5J–L). In internal view with flange present along anterior, ventral and posterior margins, discontinued by bow funnel-shaped structure in oral region; broad along anterior; narrow, filled with sparse setae along posterior margin. Selvage well marked from the anterior to posterior tooth, forming bow funnel-shaped structure in oral region. Calcified inner lamella narrow anteroventrally, very narrow medio-ventrally and posteroventrally. Vestibule narrow in both anterior and posterior regions. Hinge bar long, more than 2/3 of length of dorsal margin. Anterior and posterior teeth thin; posterior one slightly crenulate.</p> <p>Hemipenis (Fig. 7D). With broad, rounded and sclerotized muscular body. Main elements: copulatory complex (cop plus LR) and DL; cop without differentiation of distal glans and ejaculatory duct, curled near distal region, with apex thin and elongated. LR with thin basis: apex triangular and acuminate. DL elongated (basis width/lobe length ratio = 0.5) with rounded apex: digital expansion well-developed, giving a clear bi-lobed impression; ds slender, reaching about DL mid-length; fl with pair of setae and numerous pseudochaetae.</p> <p>Other appendages as in Elpidium oxumae n. sp. (Figs. 6A–F, 7A–C).</p> <p>Description of female.</p> <p>Measurements. L: 911 µm; W: 797 µm; H: 553 µm.</p> <p>Carapace (Fig. 8 A-E). Medium-sized (L = 911 µm). Strong sexual dimorphism: posterior contour in dorsal and ventral views markedly invaginated; major width displaced posteriorly due to brooding chamber. In right lateral view, left valve overlapping right one along dorsal and anterior margins; dorsal margin arched; ventral margin nearly straight. In anterior region, external flange pronounced; postero-ventral margin strongly angulated.</p> <p>Antenna, terminal segment (Fig. 6C). As in the male, except for the presence of three biserrate claws instead of two biserrate and one pectinate claws.</p> <p>Abdomen (Fig. 7E). End of body rounded and large, with spine-like seta, and genital and furcal lobes. Spinelike seta stiff, in dorso-medial position; gl rounded, rigid, and with trabeculae internally; fl rounded but not rigid, with three equal-length pappose setae and numerous pseudochaetae.</p> <p>Other appendages as in Elpidium oxumae n. sp. (Figs. 6A, D–F, 7A–C).</p> <p>Differential diagnosis. Elpidium cordiforme n. sp. is morphologically quite distinct from all other Elpidium species described so far, both in carapace and the male sexual appendage. Females exhibit a singular invagination at the posterior end of carapace, forming a heart-shape in dorsal and ventral views. Besides this, the postero-ventral margin is angular in right lateral view, instead of the general rounded shape commonly observed. Main structures of hemipenis (DL, cop and LR) are also unique. Cop exhibits coils near distal region, a peculiar shape so far. DL, in particular, has a rounded apex and quite long finger-like expansion, giving a bi-lobed impression. Elpidium merendonense also presents a somewhat similar digital expansion.</p> <p>Distribution. The species is currently known solely from tank-bromeliads in the type locality.</p> <p>Remarks. The sexual dimorphism in the posterior part of the carapace is very pronounced in this species, to the extent that there might be some doubt whether or not males and females described here are indeed conspecific. However, based on the co-occurrence of the sexes we here maintain that they do belong to the same species.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F26B87A9675AFFB3FF2AFEB5033BFDDB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Pereira, Julia S.;Rocha, Carlos E. F.;Martens, Koen;Pinto, Ricardo L.	Pereira, Julia S., Rocha, Carlos E. F., Martens, Koen, Pinto, Ricardo L. (2023): Six new species of Elpidium Müller, 1880 (Podocopida: Limnocytheridae) from Eastern Brazil. Zootaxa 5258 (1): 1-38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5258.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5258.1.1
F26B87A9675DFFAEFF2AFDD10289FB6E.text	F26B87A9675DFFAEFF2AFDD10289FB6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elpidium picinguabaense Pereira & Rocha & Martens & Pinto 2023	<div><p>Elpidium picinguabaense n. sp.</p> <p>Figs. 9–12</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 790F8E6A-3C45-4B1F-AC41-7E63807766DD</p> <p>Diagnosis. Small-sized species (length of male = 655 µm; length of female = 686 µm) with greatly elongated carapace (width/length ratio = 0.7; height/length ratio = 0.5). Surface brownish with sparse setae, normal pore canals and subtle ornamentation. Left valve overlapping right one. Sexual dimorphism in lateral view subtle: posterior contour acuminated in both males and females. Ventral surface flat on central portion. In dorsal and ventral views, carapace symmetric and with stronger sexual dimorphism owing to external visible brood chamber in the female. In left lateral view, external flange small, dorsal margin slightly arched and ventral margin straight. Hinge bar long (slightly longer than 2/3 of dorsal margin length); anterior and posterior proto-teeth thin. Cop on hemipenis without differentiation of distal glans and ejaculatory duct, hook-like, with tapered apex. LR short with apex triangularshaped. DL elongated (basis width/distal lobe length ratio = 0.35), acuminate apex and with basal digital expansion relatively short and pointed.</p> <p>Etymology. The specific epithet “ picinguabaense ” refers to the locality, meaning “ Elpidium from Picinguaba”, which is a village in the municipality of Ubatuba, north littoral of S„o Paulo State, where the material was sampled.</p> <p>Type Material. Holotype: a dissected male (MZUSP 40292) with valves dried and coated for scanning electron microscopy stored in a micropaleontological slide and appendages mounted in a sealed slide with glycerin.</p> <p>Allotype: a dissected female (MZUSP 40293) stored like the holotype.</p> <p>Paratypes: two males (MZUSP 40298, MZUSP 40299) and a female (MZUSP 40300) dissected and stored like the holotype; two males (MZUSP 40295, MZUSP 40297) and two females (MZUSP 40294, MZUSP 40296) dried and coated for scanning electron microscopy stored in micropaleontological slides.</p> <p>Type Locality. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-44.837387&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.340834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -44.837387/lat -23.340834)">Tank-bromeliads</a> from <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-44.837387&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.340834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -44.837387/lat -23.340834)">Parque Estadual Serra do Mar</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-44.837387&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.340834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -44.837387/lat -23.340834)">Núcleo Picinguaba</a>, Ubatuba, S „o Paulo, Brazil. Approximated geographic coordinates: 23º20′27.0″ S, 44º50′14.6″ W. Material collected on Feb. 19, 2003, by Ricardo L. Pinto and Carlos E. F. Rocha.</p> <p>Description of the male.</p> <p>Measurements. Male. L: 655 µm; W: 432 µm; H: 317 µm.</p> <p>Carapace (Fig. 9A–C). Small-sized. Surface with sparse setae, normal pore canals and subtle ornamentation. In dorsal view, posterior and anterior ends acuminated: carapace symmetric. In ventral view, surface flat on central portion. In right lateral view carapace greatly elongated (height/length ratio = 0.5), with anterior and posterior margins narrowly rounded; left valve overlapping right one along all margins; dorsal margin slightly arched and ventral margin straight; external flange present, but not well-developed.</p> <p>Left valve (Fig. 9E–G). In internal view with flange present along anterior, ventral and posterior margins, discontinued by bow funnel-shaped structure in oral region; posterior flange extremely narrow. Selvage outstanding, forming narrow bow funnel-shaped structure. Calcified inner lamella and vestibules narrow in both, anterior and posterior regions.</p> <p>Right valve (Fig. 9H–J). In internal view with flange greatly evident along antero-ventral margin, evident along ventral and postero-ventral margins; posterior part with sparse pseudochaetae. Selvage present forming bow funnel-shaped structure in oral region. Calcified inner lamella and vestibules narrow in both anterior and posterior regions. Hinge bar long (slightly longer than 2/3 of length of dorsal margin) and thin; anterior and posterior teeth thin, posterior one being much more developed than anterior one.</p> <p>Hemipenis (Fig. 11D). With broad, rounded and sclerotized muscular body. Main appendage elements: copulatory complex (cop plus LR) and DL; cop without differentiation of distal glans and ejaculatory duct, hooklike, relatively short and tapering towards apex. LR short, with broad basis and acuminated apex. DL elongated (basis width/lobe length ratio = 0.35), acuminate apex and basal digital expansion short and pointed; ds thin and short; fl with two setae and numerous pseudochaetae.</p> <p>Other appendages as in Elpidium oxumae n. sp. (Figs. 10A, B, D–F, 11A–C).</p> <p>Description of female.</p> <p>Measurements. L: 686 µm; W: 488 µm; H: 329 µm.</p> <p>Carapace (Fig. 12A–D).Small-sized (L =686 µm).Sexual dimorphism subtle, with posterior contour acuminated. In dorsal and ventral views, major width displaced posteriorly due to externally visible brooding chamber. Ventral surface flat in central portion. In right lateral view, carapace elongated, dorsal and ventral margins straight; left valve overlapping right one along all margins; external flange subtle.</p> <p>Antenna, terminal segment (Fig. 10C). Similar to equivalent in males, but terminal segment with vestigial seta, hyaline formation and three biserrate claws instead of two biserrate claws and one pectinate claw as in males.</p> <p>Abdomen (Fig. 11E). Female end of body rounded and large, with spine-like seta, genital and furcal lobes. Spine-like seta stiff, in dorso-medial position; gl rounded, rigid with trabeculae internally; fl rounded but not rigid, with three equal-length, pappose setae and numerous pseudochaetae.</p> <p>Other appendages as in Elpidium oxumae n. sp. (Figs. 10A, D–F, 11A–C).</p> <p>Differential diagnosis. Elpidium picinguabaense n. sp. is close to E. merendonense in terms of carapace morphology. Elpidium picinguabaense n. sp. and E. merendonense exhibit equivalent height/length ratios (L/H = 0.5), similar sizes (600 µm–700 µm range) and males and females with similar posterior contours. On the other hand, E. merendonense exhibits two small ventrolateral ridges, a trait absent in E. picinguabaense n. sp. Besides this, E. merendonense has a marked asymmetry on the carapace (particularly visible in females in right lateral view), while the new species described here is symmetric. Additionally, Elpidium picinguabaense n. sp. shows a pronounced external flange, which is absent in E. merendonense. Concerning sexual appendages, the hemipenis of these two species also share similarities. However, they can be differentiated by the shape of the LR (acuminated in E. picinguabaense n. sp. and rounded in E. merendonense), the cop (longer in E. merendonense) and the unique E. merendonense DL with a pronounced digital expansion.</p> <p>Distribution. The species is currently known solely from tank-bromeliads in the type locality.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F26B87A9675DFFAEFF2AFDD10289FB6E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Pereira, Julia S.;Rocha, Carlos E. F.;Martens, Koen;Pinto, Ricardo L.	Pereira, Julia S., Rocha, Carlos E. F., Martens, Koen, Pinto, Ricardo L. (2023): Six new species of Elpidium Müller, 1880 (Podocopida: Limnocytheridae) from Eastern Brazil. Zootaxa 5258 (1): 1-38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5258.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5258.1.1
F26B87A96740FFAAFF2AFB6D0337F9BB.text	F26B87A96740FFAAFF2AFB6D0337F9BB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elpidium eriocaularum Pereira & Rocha & Martens & Pinto 2023	<div><p>Elpidium eriocaularum n. sp.</p> <p>Figs. 13–15</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: FBC7F2A0-5A48-422B-9ADD-4849D987C65E</p> <p>Diagnosis. Small-sized Elpidium (length of male left valve = 683 µm; length of female left valve = 737 µm). Carapace elongated (height/length ratio = 0.6). Surface brownish with sparse setae, normal pore canals and subtle ornamentation. Left valve overlapping right one. Hinge bar long (longer than 2/3 of dorsal margin length); anterior and posterior proto-teeth thin and smooth. Copulatory process on hemipenis without differentiation of distal glans and ejaculatory duct, hook-like. Lower ramus with broad basis and tapered apex. Distal lobe elongated (basis width/ distal lobe length ratio = 0.3) with acuminated apex, medial digital expansion short and pointed.</p> <p>Etymology. The first species of the genus Elpidium ever described was named Elpidium bromeliarum, referring to its then peculiar occurrence within plants of Bromeliaceae. Likewise, we name the present species Elpidium eriocaularum in allusion to its finding within plants of Eriocaulaceae. It is thus far the first Elpidium species described from a phtytotelm other than bromeliad plants.</p> <p>Type Material. Holotype: a dissected male (MZUSP 40301) with valves dried and coated for scanning electron microscopy stored in a micropaleontological slide and appendages mounted in a sealed slide with glycerin.</p> <p>Allotype: dissected female (MZUSP 40302) stored like the holotype.</p> <p>Paratypes: four males (MZUSP 40303, MZUSP 40304, MZUSP 40306, MZUSP 40307) and three females (MZUSP 40305, MZUSP 40308, MZUSP 40309) dissected and stored like the holotype.</p> <p>Type Locality. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.325&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.411554" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.325/lat -23.411554)">Water</a> accumulated among leaves of the plant Eriocaulon sp. from <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.325&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.411554" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.325/lat -23.411554)">Estaç</a> „o <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.325&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.411554" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.325/lat -23.411554)">Ecológica de Angatuba</a>, Angatuba, São Paulo, Brazil. Approximated geographic coordinates: 23º24′41.6″ S, 48º19′30.0″ W. Material collected on Oct. 03, 2002, by Carlos E. F. Rocha and Ricardo L. Pinto.</p> <p>Description of the male.</p> <p>Measurements. L (of left valve): 683 µm; H (of left valve): 393 µm.</p> <p>Carapace (not illustrated. After fixation, no specimens were preserved with closed carapace, which prevented its description).</p> <p>Left valve (Fig. 13A–C). In internal view with flange narrow along antero- and postero-ventral margins, discontinued along ventral margin; with sparse setae in postero-ventral region. Selvage well marked along anterior, ventral and posterior regions, forming narrow bow funnel-shaped in oral region. Calcified inner lamellae and vestibules narrow on both anterior and posterior region.</p> <p>Right valve (Fig. 13D–F). In internal view with flange present along anterior, ventral and posterior margins, discontinued briefly by bow funnel-shaped structure; posterior part with sparse setae. Selvage well marked along anterior, ventral and posterior margins, forming bow funnel-shaped structure in oral region. Calcified inner lamellae narrow in anterior region, extremely narrow in posterior region. Vestibule narrow in both anterior and posterior regions. Hinge bar long (length superior to 2/3 of length of dorsal margin), with anterior and posterior proto-teeth thin and smooth.</p> <p>Hemipenis (Fig. 15D). With a broad, rounded and sclerotized muscular body. Main appendage elements: copulatory complex (cop plus LR) and DL; cop without differentiation of distal glans and ejaculatory duct, hooklike, short, gently tapering from basis to apex. LR with basis globular and apex narrow and acuminated. DL large and rather elongated (basis width/distal lobe length ratio = 0.3), with acuminated apex and medially pointed digital expansion; ds slender, almost reaching mid-length of DL; fl with pair of setae and numerous pseudochaetae.</p> <p>Other appendages as in Elpidium oxumae n. sp. (Figs. 14A, B, D, E, 15A–C).</p> <p>Description of female.</p> <p>Measurements. L (of left valve): 737 µm; H: 422 µm.</p> <p>Left valve (Fig. 13G–I). In internal view with flange present along antero- and postero-ventral margins, discontinued along ventral margin; posterior flange extremely narrow. Selvage well marked along anterior and posterior margins, running along ventral valve margin; narrow bow funnel-shaped structure in oral region. Calcified inner lamellae and vestibules narrow in both anterior and posterior regions.</p> <p>Right valve (Fig. 13J–L). In internal view with flange on anterior, ventral and posterior regions, discontinued briefly by the bow funnel-shaped structure; posterior portion with sparse setae. Selvage well marked on anterior, ventral and posterior regions, forming bow funnel-shaped structure on oral region. Calcified inner lamellae and vestibules narrow on both anterior and posterior region. Hinge bar long (length superior to 2/3 of dorsal margin length). Anterior and posterior proto-teeth thin and smooth.</p> <p>Antenna terminal segment (Fig. 14C). Similar to equivalent in males, but terminal segment with vestigial seta, hyaline formation and three biserrate claws instead of two biserrate and one pectinate claws.</p> <p>Abdomen (Fig. 15E). Female end of body rounded and large with spine-like seta, genital lobes and furcal lobes. Spine-like seta stiff in dorso-medial position; gl rounded, rigid, with trabeculae internally; fl rounded but not rigid, with three equal-length pappose setae and numerous pseudochaetae.</p> <p>Other appendages as in Elpidium oxumae n. sp. (Figs. 14A, D, E, 15A–C).</p> <p>Differential diagnosis. Elpidium eriocaularum n. sp. is a small and relatively elongated species. The cop is similar to that of E. bromeliarum: short, hook-like and without differentiation of distal glans and ejaculatory duct, however, less evenly curved than that of E. bromeliarum. Furthermore, the LR of E. eriocaularum n. sp. differs by its more globular basis and pointed apex, while the DL has more acuminated tip.</p> <p>Distribution. The species is currently known solely from Eriocaulun sp. phytotelms in the type locality.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F26B87A96740FFAAFF2AFB6D0337F9BB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Pereira, Julia S.;Rocha, Carlos E. F.;Martens, Koen;Pinto, Ricardo L.	Pereira, Julia S., Rocha, Carlos E. F., Martens, Koen, Pinto, Ricardo L. (2023): Six new species of Elpidium Müller, 1880 (Podocopida: Limnocytheridae) from Eastern Brazil. Zootaxa 5258 (1): 1-38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5258.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5258.1.1
F26B87A96744FFA0FF2AF94C0289FE1E.text	F26B87A96744FFA0FF2AF94C0289FE1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elpidium higutiae Pereira & Rocha & Martens & Pinto 2023	<div><p>Elpidium higutiae n. sp.</p> <p>Figs. 16–19</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 6062AAC3-1E5D-4D9F-B153-FA01290C295A</p> <p>Diagnosis. Carapace medium-sized (length of male = 818 µm; length of female = 872 µm) and elongated (width/ length ratio = 0.7; height/length ratio = 0.5). Surface brownish with sparse setae and normal pore canals. Left valve overlapping right one. Sexual dimorphism marked: posterior contour in dorsal view narrowly rounded in males, truncate in females. Ventral surface flat in central portion. In dorsal and ventral views, carapace symmetric. In right lateral view, external flange subtle, dorsal margin arched, ventral margin nearly straight. Hinge bar long (slightly longer than 2/3 of length of dorsal margin); posterior proto-tooth slightly more developed than anterior one. Cop without differentiation of distal glans and ejaculatory duct, long and sinuous, with straight and thin apex. LR short, with simple, curved shape. DL short (basis width/distal lobe length ratio = 0.62) with acuminate apex and pointed ventro-basal digital expansion of medium-length.</p> <p>Etymology. The specific epithet “higutiae” is in honor of prof. Janet Higuti for her contribution to the freshwater ostracod research field and also to recent studies dealing with Elpidium.</p> <p>Type Material. Holotype: a dissected male (MZUSP 40363) with valves dried and coated for scanning electron microscopy stored in a micropaleontological slide and appendages mounted in a sealed slide with glycerin.</p> <p>Allotype: a dissected female (MZUSP 40364) stored like the holotype.</p> <p>Paratypes: three males (MZUSP 40365, MZUSP 40366, MZUSP 40370) and a female</p> <p>(MZUSP 40374) dissected and stored like the holotype; three males (MZUSP 40369, MZUSP 40368, MZUSP 40367) and three females (MZUSP 40373, MZUSP 40372, MZUSP 40371) dried and coated for scanning electron microscopy stored in micropaleontological slides.</p> <p>Type Locality. Tank-bromeliads from Parque Estadual de Campos do Jord„o, Campos do Jord„o, S„o Paulo, Brazil. Approximated geographic coordinates: 22º41′36.2″ S, 45º27′35.0″ W. Material collected on Feb. 21, 2003, by Ricardo L. Pinto and Zélio S. Silva (Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de S„o Paulo).</p> <p>Description of the male.</p> <p>Measurements. L: 818 µm; W: 586 µm; H: 450 µm.</p> <p>Carapace (Fig. 16A–C). Medium-sized (L = 818 µm) and relatively elongated. Surface with sparse setae and normal pore canals. In dorsal and ventral views, posterior contour narrowly rounded, carapace symmetric. In dorsal view, anterior end slightly acuminated. In ventral view, surface flat on central portion. In right lateral view, carapace elongated and left valve overlapping right one along anterior, dorsal and posterior margins; dorsal margin rounded and slightly arched; ventral margin nearly straight; posterior margin evenly rounded and anterior margin pointed with slightly external flange on antero-ventral portion.</p> <p>Left valve (Fig. 16D–F). In internal view with flange narrow along anterior, ventral and posterior margins, discontinued by bow funnel-shaped structure. Selvage weakly marked and forming bow funnel-shaped structure in oral region. Calcified inner lamella and vestibule present on both anterior and posterior regions, posterior narrower than anterior one and with inner list.</p> <p>Right valve (Fig. 16G–I). In internal view, with flange greatly evident from anterior to posterior regions; with sparse pseudochaetae postero-ventrally. Selvage well marked from anterior region to posterior proto-teeth, forming bow funnel-shaped structure in oral region. Calcified inner lamella and vestibule present on anterior and posterior regions, posterior one narrower and with inner list. Hinge bar long (slightly longer than 2/3 of length of dorsal margin) and thin, with posterior proto-tooth slightly more developed that anterior one.</p> <p>Hemipenis (Fig. 18D). With broad, rounded and sclerotized muscular body.Main appendage elements:copulatory complex (cop plus LR) and DL; cop hook-like, long and sinuous, with straight and thin apex. LR short, with simple, curved shape. DL short and small (basis width/distal lobe length ratio = 0.62) with acuminate apex and basal digital expansion of medium-length; ds thin, medium-sized; fl with pair of setae and numerous pseudochaetae.</p> <p>Other appendages as in Elpidium oxumae n. sp. (Figs. 17A, B, D, E, 18A–C).</p> <p>Description of female.</p> <p>Measurements. L: 872 µm; W: 659 µm; H: 482 µm.</p> <p>Carapace (Fig. 19). Medium-sized (L = 872 µm). Sexual dimorphism marked: females with major width displaced posteriorly due to brooding chamber and posterior contour truncate in dorsal view. In dorsal and ventral views, carapace symmetric. In right lateral view, carapace rather elongated, left valve overlapping right one along anterior, dorsal and posterior margins; dorsal margin arched; ventral margin nearly straight.</p> <p>Antenna, terminal segment (Fig. 17C). Similar to equivalent in males, but terminal segment with vestigial seta, hyaline formation and three biserrate claws instead of two biserrate and one pectinate claws.</p> <p>Abdomen (Fig. 18E). Female end of body rounded and large with spine-like seta, genital lobes and furcal lobes. Spine-like seta stiff, in dorso-medial position; gl rounded, rigid with trabeculae internally; fl rounded but not rigid, with three equal-length pappose setae and numerous pseudochaetae.</p> <p>Other appendages as in Elpidium oxumae n. sp. (Figs. 17A, D, E, 18A–C).</p> <p>Differential diagnosis. Elpidium higutiae n. sp. resembles the type species E. bromeliarum in terms of the sexual dimorphism of the carapace. However, E. higutiae n. sp. is more elongated: height/length for both males and females for E. higutiae n. sp. is 0.55, while it is 0.61 for E. bromeliarum. The hemipenis cop of E. higutiae n. sp. is not the short hook-like type found in E. bromeliarum but rather a long and sinuous hook with thin and straight apex. The LR of E. higutiae n. sp. is also different and reminds the one described above for E. eriocaularum n. sp., but without the globular shape on its basis. DL vaguely reminds the one observed in E. littlei, specially by the reduced size. However, the DL of E. higutiae n. sp. has an acuminate (instead of a rounded) apex and a pointed digital expansion, which is absent in E. littlei.</p> <p>Distribution. The species is currently known solely from tank-bromeliads in the type locality.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F26B87A96744FFA0FF2AF94C0289FE1E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Pereira, Julia S.;Rocha, Carlos E. F.;Martens, Koen;Pinto, Ricardo L.	Pereira, Julia S., Rocha, Carlos E. F., Martens, Koen, Pinto, Ricardo L. (2023): Six new species of Elpidium Müller, 1880 (Podocopida: Limnocytheridae) from Eastern Brazil. Zootaxa 5258 (1): 1-38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5258.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5258.1.1
F26B87A9674EFF9FFF2AFDA80289FB96.text	F26B87A9674EFF9FFF2AFDA80289FB96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elpidium purium Pereira & Rocha & Martens & Pinto 2023	<div><p>Elpidium purium n. sp.</p> <p>Figs. 20–23</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F364686F-90B3-4F5C-A4D7-A257F03253FF</p> <p>Diagnosis. Carapace medium-sized (length of male = 844 µm; length of female = 868 µm) and elongated (width/ length ratio = 0.8; height/length ratio = 0.5). Surface brownish with sparse setae and normal pore canals. Left valve overlapping right one. Strong sexual dimorphism: posterior contour in dorsal and ventral views acuminated in males, truncate in females. Ventral surface flat in central region. In dorsal and ventral views, carapace slightly asymmetric. In right lateral view, external flange subtle, dorsal margin arched, ventral margin nearly straight. Hinge bar long (slightly longer than 2/3 of length of dorsal margin); anterior and posterior proto-tooth with similar development. Cop without differentiation of distal glans and ejaculatory duct, short, U-shaped. Lower ramus long, finger-type. Distal lobes slightly asymmetric, short (basis width/distal lobe length ratio = 0.5), with straight apex and no digital expansion.</p> <p>Etymology. The name is a reference to the ethnic group Puri, one of the indigenous people that inhabited stretches of the Brazilian littoral, including the municipality of Domingos Martins, State of Espírito Santo, where the species was found. In the indigenous language, the term Puri originally meant bold, brave, courageous.</p> <p>Type Material. Holotype: a dissected male (MZUSP 40319) with valves dried and coated for scanning electron microscopy stored in a micropaleontological slide and appendages mounted in a sealed slide with glycerin.</p> <p>Allotype: a dissected female (MZUSP 40320) stored like the holotype.</p> <p>Paratypes: two males (MZUSP 40312, MZUSP 40310) and a female (MZUSP 40311) dissected and stored like the holotype; three males (MZUSP 40313, MZUSP 40314, MZUSP 40315) and three females (MZUSP 40316, MZUSP 40317, MZUSP 40318) dried and coated for scanning electron microscopy stored in micropaleontological slides; males (~9) and females (~22) (MZUSP 40321) kept whole in a vial with 70% ethanol.</p> <p>Type Locality. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.862694&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.415333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.862694/lat -20.415333)">Tank-bromeliads</a> from Domingos Martins, Espírito Santo, Brazil. Approximated geographic coordinates: 20º24′55.2″ S, 40º51′45.7″ W. Material collected on Nov. 11, 2006, by Carlos E. F. Rocha.</p> <p>Description of the male.</p> <p>Measurements. L: 844 µm; W: 652 µm; H: 460 µm.</p> <p>Carapace (Fig. 20A–I). Medium-sized (L = 844µm). Surface with sparse setae and normal pore canals. Subtle ornamentation. In dorsal and ventral views, posterior contour acuminate. Carapace slightly asymmetric in posterior contour and greatest width. In dorsal view (Figs. 20A–C), anterior end slightly acuminate. In ventral view (Figs. 20D–F), surface flat on central portion. In right lateral view (Figs. 20G–I), carapace elongated, left valve overlapping right one from antero-dorsal to posterior margins; dorsal margin arched; postero-ventral margin angular, anterior margin slightly pointed, with small external flange.</p> <p>Left valve (Fig. 20J–L). In internal view with flange present on anterior, ventral and posterior margins, discontinued by bow funnel-shaped structure. Selvage well marked on anterior and posterior regions, weakly marked on ventral region. Bow funnel-shaped structure narrow. Calcified inner lamella and vestibule broader in anterior than in posterior region.</p> <p>Right valve (Fig. 20M). In internal view with flange broad in anterior, narrow on ventral and posterior regions, discontinued by bow funnel-shaped. Selvage well marked from anterior to posterior proto-tooth, forming narrow bow funnel-shaped structure on oral region. Calcified inner lamellae and vestibules broader in anterior region than in posterior one. Hinge bar long (slightly longer than 2/3 of dorsal margin length), thin, with posterior and anterior proto-teeth of similar development.</p> <p>Hemipenis (Fig. 22D). With broad, rounded and sclerotized muscular body. Main appendage elements: copulatory complex (cop plus LR) and DL; cop without differentiation of distal glans and ejaculatory duct, short, U-shaped. LR long, finger-type. DL slightly asymmetric, short (basis width/distal lobe length ratio = 0.5), with straight apex and no digital expansion; ds thin, with length similar to DL length; fl with a pair of setae and numerous pseudochaetae.</p> <p>Other appendages as in Elpidium oxumae n. sp. (Figs. 21A, B, D–G, 22A–C).</p> <p>Description of female.</p> <p>Measurements. L: 868 µm; W: 732 µm; H: 496 µm.</p> <p>Carapace (Fig. 23A–I). Medium-sized (L = 868 µm) with strong sexual dimorphism: females with major width displaced posteriorly due to brooding chamber and posterior contour truncate. In dorsal and ventral views, carapace asymmetric in posterior contour. In right lateral view, left valve overlapping right from antero-dorsal to posterior margins; dorsal margin arched; ventral margin nearly straight.</p> <p>Antenna (Fig. 21C). Similar to equivalent in males, but terminal segment with vestigial seta, hyaline formation and three biserrate claws instead of two biserrate and one pectinate claws.</p> <p>Abdomen (Fig. 22E). Female end of body rounded and large with spine-like seta, genital lobes and furcal lobes. Spine-like seta stiff, in dorso-medial position; gl rounded, rigid with trabeculae internally; fl rounded but not rigid, with three equal-length pappose setae and numerous pseudochaetae.</p> <p>Other appendages as in Elpidium oxumae n. sp. (Figs. 21A, D–G, 22A–C).</p> <p>Differential diagnosis. Elpidium purium n. sp. males resemble E. littlei, E. heberti and E. wolfi in the morphology of the posterior part of the carapace. However, instead of the rounded posterior contour observed in females of E. littlei or the acuminated one seen in E. heberti and E. wolfi, E. purium n. sp. females exhibit truncate posterior contours, as in E. bromeliarum. Another carapace difference of this species is the asymmetry: while males are symmetric, females present valve asymmetry, a trait absent in E. littlei, E. wolfi or E. bromeliarum and present only subtly in E. heberti. The U-shaped cop is unique for the present new species. The DL resembles that observed in E. bromeliarum. However, in E. purium n. sp. the right and left DL are asymmetric (although only slightly), which is not observed in E. bromeliarum.</p> <p>Distribution. The species is currently known solely from tank-bromeliads in the type locality.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F26B87A9674EFF9FFF2AFDA80289FB96	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Pereira, Julia S.;Rocha, Carlos E. F.;Martens, Koen;Pinto, Ricardo L.	Pereira, Julia S., Rocha, Carlos E. F., Martens, Koen, Pinto, Ricardo L. (2023): Six new species of Elpidium Müller, 1880 (Podocopida: Limnocytheridae) from Eastern Brazil. Zootaxa 5258 (1): 1-38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5258.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5258.1.1
