identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
4542953CFFF5FFA0FF013564534EF974.text	4542953CFFF5FFA0FF013564534EF974.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum amgense Kuvaev 1987	<div><p>3. Taraxacum amgense Kuvaev (1987: 203)</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA, Sakha Republic] Centr. Yakutia, Megino-Ka[n]galasskiy r-n., oduvanchikovo-osokovaya step na okraine alasa Chue sprava ot trakta na Amgu 20 km za r. p. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.11667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=61.633335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.11667/lat 61.633335)">Maiya</a> [Sakha Republic, Megino-Kangalassky District, Mayya, ca. 61° 38’ N, 130° 07’ E], 8 Jun 1960, V. Kuvaev 15-1 (LE, no. det. 6054, holotype; isotype: MW, no. det. 20482).</p> <p>Etymology:— Named after the Amga River, Central Sakha Republic.</p> <p>Plants small, usually to 8–10 cm tall. Petiole narrow, usually narrowly winged, purplish, almost glabrous; plant base almost glabrous, with a well developed tunic. Leaves ± glaucous-green to greyish green, subglabrous, narrowly oblanceolate in outline, usually 3–6 (–9) × 1–2 cm, pinnatilobed to pinnatifid, lateral segments usually 2–3 (4), recurved, triangular-deltoid, ± subobtuse, distal margin subsigmoid or straight, usually entire, sometimes with a single short triangular tooth, proximal margin ± straight, entire; terminal segment usually triangular to helmet-shaped, obtuse to subobtuse, distal margin convex, usually entire, proximal margin straight, entire; interlobes broad, entire or with a single little tooth, not blotched; mid-vein suffused purple, at least proximally. Scapes usually brownish green, at least distally arachnoid, overtopping leaves. Capitulum [bright] yellow, ca. 2–3 cm wide. Involucre usually light olivaceousgreen, ca. 10 mm wide and rounded at base. Outer phyllaries not numerous, usually 10–11, appressed, not imbricate, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, usually 5–6 × 2–2.5 mm, surface olivaceous-green, distally darker and suffused purplish, border distinct, whitish-membranous, usually 0.2–0.4 mm wide, margin probably not ciliate, apex ± flat to callose. Outer ligules striped deep grey purplish outside. Stigmas yellow. Pollen absent. Achenes light red to light brownish red, ca. 3.0 [–3.5] mm long, body spinulose in upper 1/3, subgradually narrowing into a subconical cone ca. 0.4–0.5 [–1.0] mm long; beak ca. 4 mm long, pappus ca. 4 mm long, ± white. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 4.</p> <p>Note:—Along with the characters recorded on the plant material available, we occasionally also give features from the protologue (in square brackets) when they deviate from our observations or when they complete the description.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:— Taraxacum amgense is a distinctive taxon characterized by glaucous-green, usually pinnatilobed to pinnatifid leaves with a low number of lateral segments, low number of appressed outer phyllaries, yellow stigmas and absence of pollen, and small achenes with a short, subconical cone. The outer phyllary characters and the little, reddish achenes with a short subconical cone make it possible to place T. amgense in T. sect. Dissecta. However, further study is needed because of a rather limited material avauilable.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Taraxacum amgense is known from several sites in the Yakutsk vicinity, and grows on steppe habitats along rivers.</p> <p>Specimens examined:—[RUSSIA] Vicinity of Yakutsk, a semisteppe... meadow in the alluvium of Lena River on the island of Khatystaakh [the centre of the town of Yakutsk], 5 Jun 1960, V. Kuvaev 8–1 (LE, no. det. 6137).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFF5FFA0FF013564534EF974	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFD5FF81FF01340F5364F7B2.text	4542953CFFD5FF81FF01340F5364F7B2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum angarense Kirschner & Stepanek 2023	<div><p>23. Taraxacum angarense Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek, sp. nov.</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA] Sibiria merid., urbs Irkutsk, graminosis in urbis centro, prope ecclesiam haud procul a deversorio Angara [Irkutsk, grasslands in the city centre, near the church, in the vicinity of the Angara Hotel], 25 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek, cultivated as JŠ 2692 (PRA, no. det. 35981, holotype; isotype: PRA, no. det. 36704).</p> <p>Etymology:—The name is derived from the fact that this species occurs at three mutually remote localities situated along River Angara.</p> <p>Exsiccates:— Taraxaca Exs., no. 1369–1371.</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Plantae inter sectionum Dissectorum et Borealiorum intermediae, foliis profunde pinnatisectis, lobis lateralibus foliorum remotis patentibus angustis, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus erectis usque patentibus, anguste lanceolatis vel lanceolatis, marginibus pallidis, luto-viridibus, 0.5–0.6 mm latis, apice atrocornutis, cornibus brevibus obtusis, acheniis pallide stramineobrunneis, corpore in pyramidem subcylindricam subabrupte transeunte bene dignoscendae.</p> <p>Plants small to almost medium-sized, usually to 9–13 cm tall. Petiole narrow, unwinged, or narrowly winged in outer leaves, purple (rarely green), arachnoid; plant base with sparse yellowish hairs, tunic only slightly developed. Leaves deep green, sometimes dark green, sparsely arachnoid, mainly along the mid-vein, with interlobes bordered or blotched dark brown-purple, oblanceolate in outline, usually 6–11 × 1.5–3.5 cm, deeply pinnatisect, with lateral segments in (3) 4 (5) pairs, patent to ± forward-pointing, usually with broad base, on the distal margin abruptly narrowed in a linear to linear-lingulate distal part, entire or with 1–2 lobules or teeth on the broad basal part, concave, proximal margin straight to convex, entire or with a single subbasal tooth; terminal segment tripartite, with a linear-triangular distal part and patent to forward-pointing basal lobules, ± entire; interlobes often bordered or even blotched dark brown-purple, 2–3 mm wide, entire or sparsely lobulate and/or dentate; mid-vein usually purplish, sometimes pale green. Scapes brownish green, arachnoid, ± equalling leaves. Capitulum yellow or lighter yellow, 3–4 cm wide. Involucre dark green, 9–10 mm wide and rounded at base. Outer phyllaries quite numerous, usually 14–17, erect, erect-patent or almost patent, almost not imbricate, narrowly to broadly lanceolate, usually (5–) 6–7.5 (–8.5) × 1.8–2.6 mm, usually dark green to blackish green, marginal and distal parts usually suffused purplish, border sharply delimited, narrow, 0.1–0.2 (–0.3) mm wide, rarely, in the basal part of phyllaries, a yellow-green border to 0.5–0.6 mm wide, margin ± glabrous, apex almost blackish, usually suffused purple, with a black horn to ca. 0.5 mm high; inner phyllaries usually 14–15 mm long, flat to corniculate. Outer ligules flat, striped light grey-purple outside, inner ligule teeth faintly greyish-purplish. Stigmas darker discoloured, yellow-green, with dark pubescence outside. Pollen present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes light greyish stramineous-brown, 3.7–4.4 × 0.8–0.9 mm, body subsparsely but distinctly spinulose and squamulose (spinules erect-patent), subabruptly narrowing into a subcylindrical cone (0.7–) 0.8–1.0 (–1.1) mm, ca. 0.3 mm thick at base, 0.2–0.25 mm distally, often with 1–2 spinules on the proximal 1/3 of the cone; beak 9–10 mm, pappus 6–6.5 mm, white to yellowish white. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 26.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:—The relatively narrow, lanceolate, dark and horned outer phyllaries may point to T. sect. Borealia but the horns are relatively short, obtuse, the cone is subcylindrical, and the leaves have a characteristic shape of T. sect. Dissecta. The character combination places this species in an intermediate position between the above two sections, closer to the latter.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—At several sites between Lake Baikal and Bratsk on the Angara River, Siberia. Gravelly and sandy shore habitats and dry grasslands on adjacent slopes, between 400 and 500 m a.s.l.</p> <p>Specimens examined:—[RUSSIA, Irkutskaya oblast] S. Siberia, city of Irkutsk, grasslands in the centre, near the church, not far from Angara hotel, 25 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek, cultivated as JŠ 2692 (PRA, no. det. 36704, with duplicates). – Irkutsk City, lawns between “Politekhnicheskiy Institut” and “Akademkniga” [ca. 52° 15’ N, 104°16’ E], 25 Oct 1985, J. Štěpánek &amp; J. Kirschner, cultivated as JŠ 1584/6 (PRA, no. det. 36705). – Irkutsk, Lake Baikal, pastures in the vicinity of the origin of River Angara, 26 Oct 1985, J. Štěpánek &amp; J. Kirschner, cultivated as JŠ 1574/32 (PRA, no. det. 36706). – S. Siberia, town of Bratsk, west shore of the “Bratskoe More” reservoir, about 2 km from the dam, 28 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek, cultivated as JŠ 2698 (PRA, no. det. 36708). – Less certain identification:—City of Irkutsk, Baikal Lake, village of Listvyanka, shore of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.26667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.26667/lat 52.25)">Lake Baikal</a>, between the village and the origin of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.26667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.26667/lat 52.25)">Angara River</a>, 26 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek, cultivated as JŠ 2528 (PRA, no. det. 36710).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFD5FF81FF01340F5364F7B2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFC4FF97FF0135225228F9A3.text	4542953CFFC4FF97FF0135225228F9A3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum aquilonare Handel-Mazzetti 1911	<div><p>29. Taraxacum aquilonare Handel-Mazzetti in Dalla-Torre &amp; Sarnthein (1912: 687)</p> <p>Type:—[ITALY, Trentino-Alto Adige] Tirol, Brenner, Gossensass, ca. 1000 m, Jun 1882, [R.] Huter (W 27642, no. det. 1111, lectotype, fide Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek (1985: 119); identified as T. hoppeanum by Handel-Mazzetti, then revised as T. aquilonare by HandelMazzetti; confirmed by J. L. van Soest in 1967).</p> <p>Etymology:—Northern.</p> <p>Illustration:— Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek (1985: 119, Fig. 4).</p> <p>Plants small, up to 10–13 cm tall. Petiole winged or narrowly winged in outer leaves, narrow, unwinged in the inner ones, sparsely arachnoid, brownish pink; plant base with tunic, yellowish arachnoid among petiole bases. Leaves greyish mid-green, sparsely arachnoid, narrowly oblong to narrowly oblanceolate in outline, usually (3.5–) 4–5 (–10) × (1.0–) 1.5–2.0 (–3.0) cm; lateral segments in 3–4 pairs, most often patent, sometimes hamate-recurved, margins rarely entire, usually with unequal, ± numerous acute teeth; terminal segment ± small, short, broadly triangular to ± trilobed, apex subacute, distal margins usually with sparse little teeth or shallow small incisions; interlobes short (longer proximally), with unequal teeth and acute lobules; mid-vein usually greenish. Scapes ± densely arachnoid, light brownish green, sometimes suffused purplish, equalling or ± overtopping leaves. Capitulum yellow, 1.5–2.5 cm wide. Involucre greyish olivaceous-green, ca. 8–9 mm wide and rounded at base. Outer phyllaries 11–17, appressed, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, (4.0–) 4.8–5.3 (–5.5) × (1.5–) 2.0–2.7 (–3.2) mm, ± acuminate, with a dark or blackish olivaceous-green middle strip ca. 1.0 mm wide, with a gradual transition in a pale greyish olivaceous zone usually 0.6–0.8 mm wide, including a whitish border ca. 0.2 mm wide (later phyllaries sometimes darken and the paler zone is confined to the narrow white border), margin sparsely ciliate, apex flat to callose. Outer ligules flat, striped deep grey-pink outside. Stigmas yellowish green. Pollen absent. Achenes medium deep to dark red-brown, usually (4.2–) 4.5–5.0 × 0.8–0.9 mm, body ± sparsely shortly spinulose in upper 1/3, gradually narrowing in a cylindrical cone 0.9–1.3 mm long; beak 8–10 mm long; pappus yellowish white, 5–5.5 mm long. – Agamosperm, tetraploid (2n=32, det. H. Dvořáková under no. 9/99; another count published by Fürnkranz, 1965: 2 n=24, voucher specimen not seen). – Fig. 34.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:— Taraxacum aquilonare, when compared with the members of T. sect. Dissecta, is distinct in having a unique colour pattern of the abaxial surface of outer phyllaries, with gradual transitions between the dark middle strip and the paler greyish olivaceous-green zone; the whitish narrow border is delimited sharply. Variously deep red-brown achenes with a very gradual body/cone transition, sparse spinulosity and cylindrical, relatively long cone are diagnostic, too. In addition, T. confusaneum, a closely similar species, has some outer phyllaries erect-patent (others loosely appressed to ± appressed).</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—The geographical range of T. aquilonare is confined to the slopes of inner Alpine valleys, usually between 1000–2000 m, and its localities are situated in Austria, Italy (the most numerous records), Switzerland and France. Many localities were listed in Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek (1985: 113, a map on Fig. 1; 120), and we give only selected additions below.</p> <p>Specimens examined:— ITALY. [Trentino-Alto Adige] Gossensass, cultivated in Vienna Botanical Garden from achenes collected by H. Handel-Mazzetti in 1906, 21 May 1909, H. Handel-Mazzetti (WU 70026!); Ibidem, May 1907 (WU 70027!). – [Trentino-Alto Adige] Tirol, Gossensass, ̂stl. des Aussichtspavillons, 1000 m, 28 May 1906, H. Handel-Mazzetti (WU 70017!). – Gossensass, am Fusse einer senkrechten Felswand, 1000 m, 28 May 1906, H. Handel-Mazzetti (WU 70020!); Ibidem, 1100 m, 8 May 1904, H. Handel-Mazzetti (WU 70028!, WU 70015!). – [Friuli-Venezia Giulia] Süd-Tirol, unweit der Alpenhütte von Gross-Fanes am Weg zum Col Lodgia (zw. Ampezzo u. Enneberg), 2110 m, 17 Jul 1906, H. Handel-Mazzetti (WU 70016!). – FRANCE. Savoie, Grenoble, Mt. Cenis Massif, Lac du Mt. Cenis, 2300–2400 m, 1 Aug 1996, J. Štěpánek &amp; J. Štěpánková (PRA, no. det. 33092). – AUSTRIA. Nordtirol, Nesselwängle, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=10.53428&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.972324" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 10.53428/lat 46.972324)">Rote Flüh</a>, below <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=10.53428&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.972324" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 10.53428/lat 46.972324)">Grosser Überhang</a>, 1880 m, 10.610101 47.498578 N, E, 20 Jun 2019, M. Falch, P. Schönswetter et al. (IB 107506, no. det. 34232). – Nordtirol, Pfunds, Stuben, Stubental, from Stuben to Weiler „Wand“, 1159 m, 46.972324 N, 10.534280 E, 4 Jun 2019, M. Falch (IB 107356, no. det. 34234). – “Am Eisackfall ober Brennerbad”, 20 May 1955, sine coll. (IB 34613, no. det. 34230).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFC4FF97FF0135225228F9A3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFD9FF85FF01369D54E1FD8E.text	4542953CFFD9FF85FF01369D54E1FD8E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum argutisectum Kirschner & Stepanek 2023	<div><p>20. Taraxacum argutisectum Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek, sp. nov.</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay, district of Shebalino] montes Altaj (bor.), in decl. substepposis prope pagum <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=85.666664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.516666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 85.666664/lat 51.516666)">Aktjol</a> [Актёл, Aktyol, ca. 51°31’ N, 85°40 E], 25 Jun 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated from achenes of JŠ 3322 as T 207 (PRA, no. det. 35856, holotype; isotype: PRA, no. det. 36684).</p> <p>Etymology:—Dissected, notched.</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Plantae mediocres, foliis ad 12 cm longis, segmentis lateralibus numerosis, recurvis, peranguste triangularibus acuminatis dentatis, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus numerosis, anguste lanceolatis usque ovato-lanceolatis, olivaceo-viridibus, marginibus distinctis albo-membranaceis, plerumque 0.3–0.4 mm latis, ciliatis, acheniis pallide griseo-brunneo-stramineis, corpore superne dense spinuloso, in pyramidem subconicam, 0.9–1.0 mm longam abrupte transeunte, necnon rostro longissimo.</p> <p>Plants medium-sized, usually to 14 cm tall. Petiole narrowly winged, usually purplish, arachnoid; plant base with whitish hairs, tunic ± developed. Leaves ± deep green to dark green, sparsely arachnoid, often narrowly bordered dark purple or with brown-purple spots on interlobes, narrowly oblanceolate in outline, usually 7–12 × 2.3–3.2 cm, deeply pinnatisect, with 5–7 (8) pairs of subrecurved to recurved, narrowly triangular to linear-triangular, acuminate lateral segments, distal margin ± straight, with several perpendicular, filiform or acuminate long teeth, proximal margin ± straight, most often with a few filiform teeth; terminal segment triangular or triangular-deltoid, entire or with a tooth and an incision, basal lobules patent, proximal margin ± entire; interlobes usually ± short, usually with acuminate lobules and/or filiform teeth, rarely subentire; mid-vein purplish. Scapes brownish green and usually suffused purplish, arachnoid, ± equalling or slightly overtopping leaves. Capitulum yellow, convex, ca 3 cm wide. Involucre dark olivaceous-green, ca.8–9 (–10) mm wide and rounded at base. Outer phyllaries 13–17, not imbricate, erect, erect-patent or patent, narrowly lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, usually (6–) 7–8.5 (–9) × 2.5–3.7 mm, surface light olivaceous-green, rarely proximally yellowish green with a visible darker middle part, border distinctly developed, membranous to whitish-membranous, (0.3–) 0.4–0.5 mm wide, margin long ciliate distally, its distal part suffused pale reddish, apex ± flat; inner phyllaries ca. 14 mm long, flat. Outer ligules flat, striped grey outside, inner ligule teeth dirty yellow. Stigmas light greyish yellow-green, with a dark grey pubescence outside. Pollen present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes light greyish stramineous-brown, (3.5–) 3.7–4.0 × 0.9–1.0 mm, body with ± dense, thick, erect-patent spinules in upper 1/3, abruptly narrowing into a subconical cone (0.7–) 0.9–1.0 mm long, ca. 0.30–0.35 mm thick at base, 0.2–0.25 mm distally, beak 10–11 mm long, pappus yellowish white, 5.5–6 mm long. –Agamosperm. – Fig. 22.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:— Taraxacum argutisectum, in the features of outer phyllaries and in its achene colour, approaches T. angarense and T. vadosum. Its numerous, acuminate, recurved, filiform-dentate lateral segments of leaves are so different from those of the other members of this section that the material leaves little doubts about the separate status of this species. Moreover, T. vadosum has achenes light brown or light fulvous-brown to light cinnamon-brown, and T. angarense is characterized by lateral segments patent and outer phyllaries with horns. Another similar species, T. ovatum, differs in having a shorter beak and brown achenes.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—This species was collected at a single macrolocality, at substeppe slopes in the vicinity of the village of Aktyol in the northern part of the Altai Republic.</p> <p>Specimens examined:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay, district of Shebalino] the northern Altai, substeppe slopes in the vicinity of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=85.666664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.516666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 85.666664/lat 51.516666)">Aktyol</a> [ca. 51°31’ N, 85°40’ E], 25 Jun 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as T 207 (PRA, no. det. 36684, with duplicates); Ibidem, T 67 (PRA, no. det. 36950).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFD9FF85FF01369D54E1FD8E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFF2FFA2FF01350852B6FB66.text	4542953CFFF2FFA2FF01350852B6FB66.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum babcockii Kirschner & Stepanek 2023	<div><p>4. Taraxacum babcockii Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek, sp. nov.</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay] Sibiria austro-occid., montes Altaj, distr. Ongudaj, pagus Khabarovka, inter viam publicam et fl. Malyj Iľgumeň haud procul a pago, 29–30 jun 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JK 63 (PRA, no. det. 35846, holotype; isotypi: PRA, no. det. 36392).</p> <p>Etymology:—Named after Ernest Brown Babcock (1877–1954), an outstanding geneticist and botanist, with important works in the Crepidinae.</p> <p>Diagnosis:— Plantae insignes, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus patentibus vel arcuato-patentibus anguste marginatis, acheniis rubrobrunneis subcrassis brevibus, pyramide brevi, subcylindrica vel subconica, necnon antheris polline carentibus bene dignoscendae. Plants dwarf to small, usually 5–8 cm tall. Petiole narrow, unwinged to narrowly winged, sparsely arachnoid, suffused purplish; plant base with dense yellowish hairs, tunic developed. Leaves ± greyish green, usually subglabrous or sparsely arachnoid along mid-vein, ± oblanceolate in outline, usually 5–8 × 1.1–1.7 cm, pinnatipartite to pinnatisect (rarely undivided), with 3–4 pairs of recurved to subhamate, subacute lateral segments, distal margin most often convex, sometimes concave when distal part of the segment ± curved upwards, usually entire, proximal margin straight to subconvex, most often entire; terminal segment triangular to helmet-shaped, sometimes to tripartite, distal margin entire, basal lobules recurved to ± patent, entire; interlobes relatively broad, entire or with 1 (–2) teeth near the distal base of each lateral segment; mid-vein purplish. Scape usually suffused purplish, arachnoid, subequalling leaves. Capitulum yellow, ca. 3 cm wide. Involucre olivaceous-green, usually 0.8–0.9 mm wide and rounded at base. Outer phyllaries 10–14, ± patent to arcuate-patent, some often suberect, not imbricate, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 4.5–6.5 × 2.4–3.2 mm, surface ± evenly deep olivaceous-green, distally dark so, border whitish pale green, 0.2–0.3 mm wide, margin sparsely ciliate, apex usually slightly suffused purplish, flat to callose; inner phyllaries 11–12 mm long, flat to callose. Outer ligules flat, striped grey-purple outside, inner ligule teeth dirty purplish. Stigmas yellow-green, usually with dark pubescence outside (dark discoloured). Pollen absent, rarely very sparsely present, then pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes red-brown, 3.3–3.6 × (0.8–) 0.9–1.0 mm, body subdensely spinulose above, spinules erect-patent to suberect, distinct, the longest ones to 0.3 mm long, body subabruptly narrowing into a subcylindrical to subconical cone 0.6–0.8 mm long, ca. 0.30–0.35 mm thick at base, ca. 0.25 mm distally, cone basal part with 1–2 spinules; beak 7–8 mm long, pappus yellowish white, ca. 5 mm long. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 5.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:—The most distinctive features of T. babcockii are patent to arcuate-patent, ovate to ovatelanceolate, narrowly bordered outer phyllaries, relatively thick achenes with distinct spinules, and the ± subconical cone. Also the relatively simple leaf shape pattern and the absence of pollen are rare in T. sect. Dissecta.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat — Taraxacum babcockii is known from several gatherings in Ongudai District, Altai Republic, Russia, and from a few gatherings in the eastern Kyrgyzstan. It grows on dry, semisteppe slopes.</p> <p>Specimens examined:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay] the Altai Mts., Ongudai District, Khabarovka, between the road and the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.683334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.28333/lat 50.683334)">river Malyy Iľgumeň</a> [ca. 50° 41’ N, 86° 17’ E], 29–30 Jun 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JK 63 (PRA, no. det. 36392, with duplicates). – Ibidem, cultivated as JK 62 (PRA, no. det. 36394). – the Altai, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.683334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.28333/lat 50.683334)">Ongudai District</a>, Khabarovka, between the road and the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.683334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.28333/lat 50.683334)">river Malyy Iľgumeň</a> [ca. 50° 41’ N, 86° 17’ E], 29–30 Jun 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JŠ 3343 (PRA, no. det. 36396). – KYRGYZSTAN: East Kyrgyzstan, Central Tian Shan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=79.60833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.183334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 79.60833/lat 42.183334)">Mt. Pik Nansen area</a>, central part of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=79.60833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.183334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 79.60833/lat 42.183334)">Inylchek Valley</a>, 2800–2980 m, 42°11’ N, 79°36’30” E, 16 Jul 1989, L. Businská &amp; R. Businský, cultivated as JŠ 4175 (PRA, no. det. 36403); Ibidem, cultivated as JŠ 4176 A (PRA, no. det. 36409); Ibidem, cultivated as JŠ 4176 B (PRA, no. det. 36407); Ibidem, cultivated as JŠ 4176B (PRA, no. det. 36405).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFF2FFA2FF01350852B6FB66	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFD7FF85FF01305C5515F897.text	4542953CFFD7FF85FF01305C5515F897.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum ceratosectum Kirschner & Stepanek 2023	<div><p>21. Taraxacum ceratosectum Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek, sp. nov.</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA, Transbaicalia, Republic of Buryatia] Lake Baikal, Barguzinsky Khrebet, mouth of the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.558334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=53.986946" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.558334/lat 53.986946)">Boľshoi Chivyrkhui River</a> [ca. 53° 59’ 13” N, 109° 33’ 30” E], 460 m, 19 Jul 1993, J. Danihelka, cultivated as JK 3660 (PRA, no. det. 35841, holotype; isotype: PRA, no. det. 36679).</p> <p>Etymology:—Derived from the intermediate position between T. sect. Dissecta and T. sect. Borealia (= T. sect. Ceratophora).</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Species Taraxaco subcompacto aemulans sed differt petiolis angustioribus, foliis subglabris, acheniis longioribus, pyramide subcylindrica, achenii corpore longissime spinuloso, spinulis tenuibus saepe subarcuatis, necnon rostro conspicue longiore.</p> <p>Plants small, usually to 9–12 cm tall. Petiole usually narrowly winged, subglabrous to sparsely arachnoid, usually purplish; plant base with whitish hairs, tunic not seen on cultivated material. Leaves in several rosettes on a root head, slightly greyish mid-green, subglabrous, linear-oblong to narrowly oblanceolate in outline, usually 5–10 × 1.5–2 cm, of variable shape, some, usually the outer leaves almost undivided, proximally lobulate (with recurved acute toothlike lobes), or distally undivided (irregularly dentate) and proximally pinnatilobed, or wholly pinnatisect, with 2–4 (5) pairs of ± patent to recurved, narrowly triangular or narrowly deltoid lateral segments with distal margin straight to concave, entire or with a single tooth, proximal margin usually ± straight, entire or with a basal tooth; terminal segment flat deltoid-triangular, ± entire, or elongated-triangular, with numerous acute subrecurved teeth and lobules; interlobes short, usually 2–4 (–5) mm wide, entire or denticulate; mid-vein most often purplish. Scapes often growing lateral to leaf rosettes, brownish green or suffused purplish basally, arachnoid, ± overtopping leaves. Capitulum yellow, ca. 2.5 cm wide. Involucre ± olivaceous-green, 8–9 mm wide and rounded at base. Outer phyllaries 13–15 (–16), ± ovate to ovate-lanceolate, appressed to loosely appressed, ± not imbricate, 6–8 × 2.8–4.2 mm, with contrasting colours, a dark to blackish middle strip ca. 1 mm wide, bordered with a pale yellow-green zone 0.8–1.5 mm wide, and a membranous to whitish membranous border 0.3–0.5 mm wide, margin sparsely ciliate, apex darker, marginally suffused purple, black corniculate (at least in later capitula); inner phyllaries 11–13 mm long, flat to corniculate. Outer ligules ± flat, striped blackish purple outside, inner ligule teeth ± purple. Stigmas dirty yellow to greyish yellow, with mixed hyaline and grey pubescence outside. Pollen sparsely present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes reddish light brown, 3.7–4.0 × ca. 1.0 mm, body spinulose and squamulose in upper 1/4, the uppermost spinules often 0.3–0.4 mm long, and sometimes arcuate-subpatent, subabruptly narrowing into a subcylindrical cone 0.8–0.9 × ca. 0.3 mm; beak 9–10 mm long, pappus 5.5 mm long, yellowish white. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 23.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:—The general habit intermediate between the sections Dissecta and Borealia, the ovate and broadly, conspicuously bordered outer phyllaries with blackish corniculation, and the reddish light brown achenes represent a unique character combination. The arrangement of leaves in several rosettes, and the scapes lateral to the rosettes point to T. sect. Borealia.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Taraxacum ceratosectum is known from a single locality in the Barguzin Range, Buryatia, where it grows in gravelly habitats along the river.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFD7FF85FF01305C5515F897	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFC8FF95FF0135AC56D4FE23.text	4542953CFFC8FF95FF0135AC56D4FE23.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum collinum DC	<div><p>The problematic interpretation of the name Taraxacum collinum</p> <p>One of the most frequently used names referred to Taraxacum sect. Dissecta is T. collinum DC. As regards its interpretation, the situation is seemingly favourable: the original material is rich and well preserved, it is in good agreement with the protologue, the name appears with detailed descriptions in the relevant literature. However, a closer examination of these sources reveals a less optimistic picture.</p> <p>Taraxacum collinum in the literature</p> <p>In the first instance, Leontodon collinus Turczaninow appeared in a paper edited by Besser that included a checklist of plants in the Baikal Lake region provided by Turczaninow (Besser 1834: 18). Leontodon collinus was not published validly at that place, as it was a nomen nudum (Art. 38.1 of the ICN, Turland et al. 2018). In the early 1830’s, Turczaninow distributed duplicates of his collections to prominent contemporary botanists, and it was Candolle (1838) who used the epithet collinus and published the name T. collinum. Then the latter name appeared in Turczaninow (1842). However, two works, important for the Taraxacum taxonomy, did not accept T. collinum (Ledebour 1846, Handel-Mazzetti 1907), the former having included it in a rather unclear T. caucasicum, the latter in Taraxacum dissectum. As a consequence, the name T. collinum was seldom used in the literature of the second half of the 19 th, and the first decades of the 20 th centuries. It was B. K. Schischkin who restarted the study of Taraxacum in the Soviet Union in the 1930’s. He adopted T. collinum in Krylov (1949) and provided a detailed description (it was the first time when the flower colour was given as whitish). Schischkin (1964, with a substantial contribution of N. N. Tzvelev) also included T. collinum, with a more detailed description principally based on the previous one. Since then, the name T. collinum appeared in many important floras and checklists (Tzvelev 1987, Krasnikov 1997 etc.).</p> <p>The protologue</p> <p>The majority of characters listed in the protologue (Fig. 32) are taxonomically relevant in modern terms. Mature leaves subglabrous, scape subequalling leaves, distally arachnoid, phyllaries not corniculate, outer ones ovate-lanceolate, appressed, with ± ciliate margin, and achenes spinulose above, much shorter than beak, these are the main features. Implicitly, basing on the comparison with the diagnoses of other taxa included in the Prodromus, the achene colour is unclear, either light greyish or somehow reddish (see the specimen 4a), and the border to the outer phyllaries probably is narrow and inconspicuous. The flower colour, on the same basis, is “standard”, i.e. yellow. There are two varieties, the nominate one (without the explicit recognition) with ± runcinate leaves, the other one, T. collinum var. integrifolium Candolle (1838: 149), with undivided leaves.</p> <p>For the nominate variety, the following syntype references are given:</p> <p>1, “in collibus siccis Dahuriae”</p> <p>2. “insulis fl. Lena”</p> <p>For T. collinum var. integrifolium, there are two syntypes referred to:</p> <p>3. “ad Ochotsk”</p> <p>4. “in ins. Augera [sic!, meaning Angara] legit cl. Turczaninow”.</p> <p>In both cases, Candolle stated he had seen herbarium specimens “(v. s.)”, i. e. vidi specimina. The reference to Leontodon salinus auct. (Ledebour) is not considered here because Candolle himself listed it with doubts.</p> <p>Original material</p> <p>The specimens cited in the protologue were all found in the De Candolle herbarium (G-DC) in Geneva, Switzerland, and they represent syntypes. They were invariably collected by Turczaninow and annotated as “ Leontodon collinus mihi”, usually with a locality data, sometimes without it. In addition, there are important sets of duplicates distributed by Turczaninow to other botanists, here considered as isosyntypes. The following list of specimens may be compiled:</p> <p>1. “in collibus siccis” [Dahuriae]</p> <p>a. G-DC, no. det. 18913 “in collibus siccis ubique”, 1828, (M. [= misit] Turczaninow a Irkoutsk 1830), two slightly different plants</p> <p>b, c, d, e. G-DC, no. det. 18913 (plants stored in an envelope attached to this herbarium sheet)</p> <p>f. LE, no. det. 6093 “in siccis prope Ircutiam et cetera 1830”, received from Turczaninow under the name Leontodon collinus by C. A. Meyer in 1838</p> <p>g. LE, no. det. 6094 “in collibus siccis 1833, Turcz.”, as Leontodon collinus mihi, annotated by N. Tzvelev as “Isotypus! vel Typus!” in 1985.</p> <p>h. MW, no. det. 20479 “ Leontodon collinus Turcz., Ircutia 1833 ”</p> <p>i. G, no. det. 18934 “Ircut. M. Turczaninow” [transcribed label], this specimen reached the herbarium G in 1909.</p> <p>j. P 00691594, photo vid.! “ Ircutia, in collibus siccis 1828, Turcz.”, ded. [=dedit] Turczaninow 1840.</p> <p>k. K! “ Ircutia, 1830 [Turczaninow]”</p> <p>l. K! “In siccis prope Ircutiam atc., 1829 [Turczaninow]”</p> <p>2. “fl. Lena”</p> <p>a. G-DC, no. det. 18913 “Ad Lenam”, 1835, as Leontodon collinus mihi, m. Turczaninow in 1836</p> <p>3. “ad Ochotsk”</p> <p>a. G-DC [sine no. det.] Ochotsk, 1835 (M. [=misit] Turczaninow 1836 [a plant without scapes])</p> <p>4. “in ins. Augera” [= Angara]</p> <p>a. G-DC, no. det. 18914 “In insula Angarae ex adverso fabricae Telmensis”, 1830, Turcz. (M. [= misit] Turczaninow 1833] – the only plant with (unripe) achenes in the whole original material. A candidate to become the lectotype of T. collinum var. integrifolium. The locality is situated near the village of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.74916&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.707222" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.74916/lat 52.707222)">Tel’ma</a> (where formerly a glass factory was situated) down the river N. of Irkutsk (approximately at 52°42’26”N, 103°44’57”E).</p> <p>b. P 691588 (photo!) “In insulis Angarae”, 1829, Turcz. (sent by Turczaninow to Schultz-Bip. in 1840). A single plant with shallowly lobed to undivided leaves, corresponding to T. collinum var. integrifolium.</p> <p>5. G-DC [sine no. det.] A specimen in G-DC, preserved in a separate envelope under the name “ Leontodon collinus Turcz. !” but without any label.</p> <p>Characterization of individual forms</p> <p>The original material of T. collinum var. collinum is represented by small, even dwarf, plants in the stage of early flowering. They share ± appressed, narrowly, indistinctly bordered outer phyllaries, subglabrous leaves, and sparsely arachnoid scapes, often overtopping inflorescence. Unfortunately, they also share the absence of achenes (De Candolle himself did not see any achenes of his var. collinum, and the protologue description of achenes probably is derived from the plants of his T. collinum var. integrifolium (syntype 4a in the above survey). They probably almost all (with the exception of the syntype 1e, see above) belong to T. sect. Dissecta. On the other hand, the plants belonging to the original material considerably vary in taxonomically relevant characters, such as the shape of outer phyllaries, presence / absence of pollen, stigma colour and leaf shape, to an extent indicating that more than one agamospermous taxon is involved. The following Table 2 gives a survey of morphological forms ascertained in the original material. They may or may not represent separate taxa.</p> <p>Possible interpretation</p> <p>The main problem of the original material is the fact that none of the above five forms can be defined by means of all character complexes relevant in the Taraxacum taxonomy (flower characters, vegetative traits, outer phyllaries and achenes). In particular, the absence of achenes, very variable within T. sect. Dissecta, makes any interpretation difficult.</p> <p>The most common form among the syntypes (II), characterized by ovate-lanceolate outer phyllaries with a narrow border, pale stigmas and the probable absence of pollen, is otherwise absent from the material evaluated in the present revision.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFC8FF95FF0135AC56D4FE23	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFC3FF93FF0135605342FF4B.text	4542953CFFC3FF93FF0135605342FF4B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum compactum Schischkin 1949	<div><p>Taraxacum compactum Schischkin (1949a: 5), see also Schischkin (1949b)</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay] Altai, Usť-Koksu, u dorogi [the Altai, Ust-Koksu, along a road], 15 Jul 1931, B. Shishkin (LE, no. det. 6095, lectotype, designated here; isotypes: LE!, S!, including achenes).</p> <p>A note on the typification:— Schischkin (1949a) clearly indicated the herbarium of the Instute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (LE) as the collection where the type of T. compactum should have been deposited. Tzvelev (when completing and editing the Taraxacum treatment in Schischkin 1964) indicated Tomsk (TK) as the collection with this type. In TK, no type specimen of the name T. compactum was located (I. Gureeva, in litt.). We therefore select the best herbarium specimen of the syntypes preserved at LE, and designate it as the lectotype. It should be added that the lectotype specimen was collected on July 15, 1931, as written on two labels by Schischkin himself. In the published protologue, Schischkin (1949a) gives 12 Aug 1931 in the Russian version, and 12 Jul 1931 in the Latin one. Moreover, one of the isotypes bears a label with a date 15 Jul 1937 [sic!, the year was printed on the label, and we treat 1937 as a mistake].</p> <p>Taraxacum compactum used to be understood as a member of T. sect. Dissecta (Tzvelev 1987), or compared with species belonging or believed to belong to T. sect. Dissecta (Schischkin 1949b). A closer examination of the type material shows that T. compactum has the following achene characters:</p> <p>Achenes light greyish stramineous-brown, 3.6–3.8 × ca. 0.8 mm, body with ± dense short suberect squamules in upper 1/5–1/4, with a gradual transition into a thick conical cone 0.3–0.6 mm long, 0.35–0.4 mm thick at base, 0.25–0.3 mm distally; beak ca. 6 mm long, pappus ± white, ca. 5 mm long.</p> <p>In addition, outer phyllaries are appressed, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, almost without visible border, or with a narrow membranous border. Leaves are rather late, and it is not advisable to use them in our comparison. All the above characters identify T. compactum as a member of T. sect. Qaisera (Abedin 2007, Kirschner et al. 2020). The achenes of T. compactum are even very close to those of T. qaiseri Abedin in their shape and size.</p> <p>Taraxacum kuvajevii Tzvelev in Tzvelev &amp; Jurtzev (1984: 196)</p> <p>Type:— Yakutia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=114.9&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=60.716667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 114.9/lat 60.716667)">Lenskiy</a> r-n, k-z “Dvigateľ”, melkozlakovo-klevernyy vygon po II poime <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=114.9&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=60.716667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 114.9/lat 60.716667)">Leny</a> za rechkoi <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=114.9&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=60.716667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 114.9/lat 60.716667)">Mukhtuikai</a>, 0.5 km vyshe okrainy poselka <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=114.9&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=60.716667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 114.9/lat 60.716667)">Mukhtuya</a> [Sakha Republic, Lensky District, Lensk, ca. 60° 43’ N, 114° 54’ E], 25 Jul 1953, V. Kuvaev &amp; A. Petrov 58/11 (LE, no. det. 6046, holotype).</p> <p>This species, described from the southwesternmost part of Sakha Republic (Yakutia), was taken into consideration because of its small, red-brown achenes with a short cone. It was referred to T. sect. Erythrosperma by its author (Tzvelev 1984). However, it possesses a feature that excludes it from the proximity of both T. sect. Erythrosperma and T. sect. Dissecta: the enormously long robust acuminate horns on the outer phyllaries. It most probably represents a marginal member of T. sect. Borealia.</p> <p>Taraxacum pawlodarskum Doll (1973: 497)</p> <p>Type:—[KAZAKHSTAN] Kazakhskaya SSR. Pavlodarskaya oblasť, r-n. Urlyutyubinskiy, v 1 km k vostoku ot Zhelezinki, sornyaki na poseve prosa, 29 Jun 1955, N. N. Tzvelev 715 (LE, no. det. 6503, holotype).</p> <p>The type specimen was collected rather late and is not very well developed. However, there is a gathering (and a cultivated material) of the same taxon from SE. Kazakhstan, and we were able to study T. pawlodarskum in detail. The holotype differs from well developed plants in the leaf shape, erect outer phyllaries and less pronounced achene spinulosity. The very densely, distinctly, wholly spinulose achene body and most of the other features show that T. pawlodarskum is a marginal member of T. sect. Macrocornuta van Soest (1960: 304), see also Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek (2008).</p> <p>Taraxacum ustamenum Doll (1973: 498)</p> <p>Type:— Kazakhskaya A.S.S.R., Usťkamenogorsk, yuzhnyy schchebnistyy polynno-tipchakovyy sklon, 28 May 1931, B. Schischkin, E. Schteinberg &amp; T. Sumnevich s.n. (LE, no. det. 7948, holotype)</p> <p>The material available consists of a single herbarium specimen with plants collected just after anthesis. There are a few florets to be examined, and only on one or two capitula, it is possible to study outer phyllaries. We give a brief description compiled on the basis of a detailed examination of the type material, with emphasis on diagnostic characters [vegetative characters visible on the original plate (Doll 1973: Plate XVIII) are not included].</p> <p>Outer phyllaries few, ca. 8–10, subappressed, not imbricate, ± narrowly to broadly lanceolate, usually 5–6 × 1.5–2.2 mm, light green with purplish distal part, border not distinct, membranous, to 0.2 mm wide, margin ± ciliate. Stigmas greenish yellow (light discoloured). Pollen absent. Achenes dark red-brown, usually 3.0– 3.4 mm long, very slender, ca. 0.6 mm thick, body ± densely and distinctly spinulose above, subabruptly narrowing into a thin cylindrical cone 0.7–0.9 mm long, usually less than 0.2 mm thick; beak 6.5–7 mm long, pappus ± white, 4–5 mm long.</p> <p>On the basis of the above description, we place T. ustamenum in T. sect. Erythrosperma. The original idea (Doll 1973: 499) of T. ustamenum as a member of T. sect. Parvula has no support in the morphology of the type plants.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFC3FF93FF0135605342FF4B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFE7FFB0FF0136725420FE23.text	4542953CFFE7FFB0FF0136725420FE23.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum confusaneum Kirschner & Stepanek 2023	<div><p>12. Taraxacum confusaneum Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek, sp. nov.</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay] Sibiria austro-occid., montes Altaj, distr. Ongudaj, in siccis et alluvionibus ad confluentem fl. Katuň et Čuja, 1 Jul 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated from roots no. JŠ 3349 and obtained achenes as T 202 (PRA, no. det. 35847, holotype; isotype: PRA, no. det. 36395).</p> <p>Etymology:—Derived from several sources; mingled.</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Plantae parvulae, foliis profunde dissectis, lobis lateralibus anguste triangularibus vel lineari-triangularibus patentibus usque falcato-recurvis, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus subimbricatis, variabiliter erecto-patentibus, laxe adpressis vel ± adpressis, ovato-lanceolatis, marginibus albidis distinctis 0.2–0.4 mm latis et acheniis rubro-brunneis, longis, in pyramidem cylindricam subabrupte abeuntibus distinguendae.</p> <p>Plants small, to 8–12 cm tall. Petiole narrow, unwinged, sparsely arachnoid to ± glabrous, suffused deep purple; plant base with whitish to yellowish hairs, tunic developed. Leaves ± mid-green, sparsely arachnoid to subglabrous, mainly along mid-vein, not spotted, occasionally with sparse brown-purple elongated little spots on leaf surface, linear-oblanceolate to narrowly oblanceolate in outline, usually 3–11 × (0.9–) 1.1–2.5 cm, with a very complicated three-dimensional shape pattern, deeply pinnatisect, lateral segments usually (3) 4–6 pairs, usually narrowly triangular, patent, subrecurved or falcate-recurved, usually wholly narrowly bordered brown-purple, distal margin often undulate, convex, sigmoid or rarely concave, with several unequal little teeth and often with an incision, sometimes ± entire, proximal margin often ± undulate or narrowly raised, usually ± straight, denticulate or ± entire; terminal segment triangular to almost tripartite, distal margin usually with a shallow constriction, ± concave, undulate, occasionally with an incision or a minute tooth; interlobes usually narrowly bordered brown-purple, narrow, usually 2–3 mm wide, with numerous or a few unequal acuminate teeth and lobules, teeth often variously raised, some variously curved; mid-vein usually faintly suffused purplish. Scapes arachnoid, brownish green, subequalling to ± overtopping leaves. Capitulum yellow, 2.5–3 cm wide. Involucre slightly greyish olivaceous-green, 7–9 mm wide and rounded at base. Outer phyllaries usually (8) 10–15, erect-patent, loosely appressed or ± appressed, ± subimbricate, relatively short, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, (4.0–) 4.5–6 × 2.4–3.2 (–3.8) mm, surface light olivaceous-green in the proximal part, distally getting darker and suffused purplish, border sharply delimited, narrow, whitish-membranous, 0.1–0.3 (–0.4) mm wide, margin ciliate, apex ± blackish green, ± flat or with acute cornicles 0.3–0.6 mm long; inner phyllaries usually 11–14 mm long, ± flat to corniculate. Ligules flat, striped greyish-purplish outside, inner ligule teeth dirty purplish or greyish. Stigmas light greenish, with a darker pubescence outside. Pollen present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes red-brown, (3.8–) 4.5–4.8 (–5) × 0.9–1.1 mm, body distinctly spinulose in upper 1/3, subabruptly narrowing into ± cylindrical cone (0.6–) 0.8–1.0 × 0.25–0.35 mm; beak (5–) 8–9 mm long, pappus ca. 5.5 mm long, ± pure white. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 13, 14.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:—The remarkable characters of T. confusaneum include a very complicated leaf shape pattern, relatively large red-brown achenes, and variously subappressed ovate-lanceolate outer phyllaries with a distinct but narrow border.</p> <p>Distribution and ecology:—During our 1988 expedition, we spent two days at the spectacular confluence of two important rivers: Katun and Chuya. The area was thoroughly sampled and proved enormously rich botanically. Taraxacum confusaneum grows there on dry trampled grasslands and gravelly slopes, at the elevation of ca. 780– 820 m. Another site is situated down the Katun River, near the confluence with Bol’shoi Yaloman. Taraxacum confusaneum also occurs in the NE Kyrgyzstan, at the elevations above 2800 m.</p> <p>Specimens examined:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay] SW Siberia, Altai, Ongudai District, dry sites and alluvial habitats near the confluence of the rivers Katun and <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.566666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.516666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.566666/lat 50.516666)">Chuya</a> [50°24’02” N, 86°40’25” E, 780–820 m a.s.l.], 1 Jul 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated from roots as JŠ 3349 (PRA). – Altai, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.566666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.516666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.566666/lat 50.516666)">Ongudai District</a>, dry slopes in the valley of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.566666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.516666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.566666/lat 50.516666)">Katuň River</a>, near the confluence with Boľshoi Yaloman [the locality centre is situated at 50°31’ N, 86°34’ E, 700 m a.s.l.], 30 Jun 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated from achenes of JŠ 3646 as T 210 (PRA, no. det. 35843). – KYRGYZSTAN: East Kyrgyzstan, Central Tian Shan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=79.60833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.183334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 79.60833/lat 42.183334)">Mt. Pik Nansen area</a>, central part of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=79.60833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.183334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 79.60833/lat 42.183334)">Inylchek Valley</a>, 2800–2980 m, 42°11’ N, 79°36’30” E, 16 Jul 1989, L. Businská &amp; R. Businský, cultivated as JŠ 4175 (PRA, no. det. 36946); Ibidem, cultivated as JŠ 4176 A (PRA, no. det. 36944).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFE7FFB0FF0136725420FE23	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFEEFFBDFF013123530BFF4B.text	4542953CFFEEFFBDFF013123530BFF4B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum depauperatum Kirschner & Stepanek 2023	<div><p>6. Taraxacum depauperatum Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek, sp. nov.</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay] Sibiria austro-occid., montes Altaj, distr. Ongudaj, pagus Khabarovka, inter viam publicam et fl. Malyy Iľgumeň haud procul a pago, 29–30 jun 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JŠ 3339 (PRA, no. det. 35840, holotype; isotype: PRA, no. det. 36638).</p> <p>Etymology:—The name is derived from an unusually low number of outer phyllaries.</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Species insignis foliis paulo glaucescentibus segmentis lateralibus numerosis lineari-triangularibus patentibus, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus paucis, numero plerumque 7–8, adpressis vel laxe adpressis ovatis vel late ovatis, margine membranaceo 0.2–0.3 mm lato, acheniis brunneis, corpore in pyramidem brevem sensim transeunte.</p> <p>Plants small, usually 8–12 cm tall. Petiole usually deep purple, sparsely arachnoid, narrow, unwinged; plant base with whitish hairs, tunic developed. Leaves slightly greyish green, subglabrous, oblanceolate to narrowly oblanceolate in outline, usually 4–10 × 1.3–2.7 cm, with a complicated shape pattern, pinnatisect, with 4–6 pairs of linear-triangular, narrowly triangular or ± linear lateral segments with distal margin (from usually broader lobe base) subconvex, often with basal lobules and teeth, apex acute to acuminate, proximal margin usually ± straight, entire or with a few minute teeth; terminal segment flat deltoid-triangular to almost tripartite, apex obtuse-angled, distal margin often concave, entire or with an incision, basal lobules patent to slightly forward-pointing, proximal margin entire; interlobes relatively broad (often to 4–6 mm), short, usually with lobules and/or teeth; mid-vein proximally purplish, otherwise light green. Scape purplish or brownish green, ± arachnoid, usually overtopping inflorescence. Capitulum lighter yellow, small, usually 2–2.5 cm wide. Involucre olivaceous green, 7–8 mm wide and rounded at base. Outer phyllaries few, 7–8 (10), appressed to ± loosely appressed, almost not imbricate, outer of them ovate to broadly ovate, 4.5–5 × 2.7–3.7 mm, innermost of them usually 5–6 × 1.9–2.5 mm, surface (light) olivaceous-green, border not very distinct, ± membranous, 0.2–0.3 (–0.4) mm wide, margin ciliate, sometimes denticulate, apex darker, corniculate; inner phyllaries (10–) 11–12 mm long, apex flat to callose. Outer ligules flat, striped grey-purple outside, inner ligule teeth dirty purplish. Stigmas darker discoloured, greyish light green, with darker pubescence outside. Pollen sparsely present, conspicuously irregular in size. Achenes ± medium brown, usually 3.2–3.8 × ca. 0.8 mm, body subdensely, distinctly spinulose in upper 1/3 (spinules erect-patent, relatively long), gradually narrowing into subcylindrical cone 0.6–0.7 (–0.8) mm long; beak 5–6 mm, pappus yellowish white, 5–5.5 mm long. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 7.</p> <p>Diagnostic note:— Taraxavum depauperatum is diagnosed by the low number of ovate, bordered outer phyllaries, dark discoloured stigmas and pure brown achenes. The achene body is covered with coarse spinules often curved upwards. Taraxacum depauperatum is similar to T. minuticarpum but differs from the latter in having pure brown achenes, lower number of outer phyllaries and a very different leaf shape.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Taraxacum depauperatum is known from a few localities in Ongudai and Ust’-Ulagan Districts in the Altai Mts. It grows on steppe or ruderalised steppe sites, within a relatively broad elevation span.</p> <p>Specimens examined:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay] Altai Mts., Ongudai District, Khabarovka, between the road and the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.683334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.28333/lat 50.683334)">river Malyy Iľgumeň</a> [ca. 50° 41’ N, 86° 17’ E], 29–30 jun 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JŠ 3339 (PRA, no. det. 36638, with duplicates). – Altai Mts., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.683334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.28333/lat 50.683334)">Ongudai District</a>, dry sites along the road in the village of Tuekta, 29 Jun 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JŠ 3408 (PRA, no. det. 36640). – <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.683334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.28333/lat 50.683334)">Usť-Ulagan District</a>, range of Kuraiskiy Khrebet, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.683334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.28333/lat 50.683334)">Mt. Aktash</a>, 2600–3050 m, 3–4 Jul 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as T 168 (PRA, no. det. 36948).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFEEFFBDFF013123530BFF4B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFEAFFBAFF01311A57D9FB3F.text	4542953CFFEAFFBAFF01311A57D9FB3F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum divulgatum Kirschner & Stepanek 2023	<div><p>9. Taraxacum divulgatum Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek, sp. nov.</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA, Novosibirskaya oblast] Sibiria merid., urbs Novosibirsk, graminosis ruderalibusque ad crepidinem amnis Ob, contra plateam “Krasnyj Prospekt” in centro urbis Novosibirsk [Novosibirsk centre, dam of River Ob, ruderalized grassy sites facing the street of Krasny Prospekt], 22 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JŠ 2686, collected in 1988 (PRA, no. det. 35959, holotype; isotype: PRA, no. det. 36694).</p> <p>Etymology:—Widespread.</p> <p>Exsiccates:— Taraxaca Exs., no. 1357–1367.</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Species distincta, satis vulgata, insignis foliis lobo terminali plerumque tripartito, segmentis lateralibus patentibus angustis, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus adpressis, aequabiliter saturate olivaceo-viridibus marginibus angustissimis fere invisibilibus, stigmatibus pallide viridescentibus, necnon acheniis brevibus, mediocriter brunneis paulo rubescentibus vel brunneosubcinnamomeis, pyramide brevi anguste cylindrica.</p> <p>Plants small, rarely to medium-sized, usually to 12 cm tall. Petiole brownish green, narrow, unwinged or very narrowly winged, sparsely arachnoid to glabrescent; plant base with whitish hairs, tunic ± developed. Leaves ± mid-green, not spotted, sparsely arachnoid on mid-vein beneath or ± glabrous, narrowly oblong in outline, usually 6–11 × (1.7–) 2–2.5 (–3) cm, deeply pinnatisect, with (4) 5–6 (7) pairs of patent, less often subrecurved narrowly triangular-deltoid or lineardeltoid lateral segments with distal margin concave, less often straight or sigmoid, entire or with 1 (–2) basal incisions or lobules, proximal margin ± straight, entire; terminal segment most often tripartite with linear or narrowly triangular distal part and linear to linear-triangular, patent or forward-pointing entire basal lobules; interlobes narrow, distinct, usually 3–6 × 2 (–2.5) mm, entire or with a few patent teeth, sometimes dark bordered; mid-vein adaxially usually faintly suffused brownish pink, or light green. Scapes brownish green, arachnoid or densely arachnoid, subequalling leaves. Capitulum yellow, 2.5–3.5 cm wide. Involucre olivaceous-green, not pruinose or slightly so, usually 9–10 mm wide and broadly rounded at base. Outer phyllaries usually 12–14, appressed, ± not imbricate, ovate-lanceolate, less often to ovate, the outermost ones sometimes linear-lanceolate, ca. 1 mm wide, (5–) 6–7.5 (–8.5) × (1–) 2–2.8 (–3.1) mm, surface homogeneously deep olivaceous-green, sometimes with a thin blackish green middle line, border almost invisible, membranous, 0.1 (–0.2) mm wide, margin ciliate, apical part often suffused reddish, apex flat to minutely dark corniculate; inner phyllaries 12–14 mm long, flat to callose. Outer ligules flat, striped pale pinkish grey to light grey, inner ligule teeth grey-purple. Stigmas very pale greenish yellow. Pollen present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes slightly reddish medium brown or light medium brown with a cinnamon tinge, 2.9–3.8 × 0.7–0.8 mm, body subdensely but distinctly spinulose in upper 1/4, subgradually narrowing into a thin cylindrical cone 0.7–0.9 × 0.2– 0.25 mm; beak 7–8 mm long, pappus yellowish white, 5–5.5 mm long. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 10.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:—The appressed, evenly olivaceous-green, borderless outer phyllaries, in combination with the numerous, narrow, patent leaf segments, and the peculiar medium brown achene colour of this species are diagnostic within T. sect. Dissecta. When compared with other members of T. sect. Dissecta, T. divulgatum seems to be very close to T. jacuticum. Although the comparison is rather hindered by the scanty material of T. jacuticum, the following differences characterize T. divulgatum: primarily it is the medium brown colour of achenes, with a cinnamon or slightly reddish tinge (achenes are deep red-brown in T. jacuticum), longer outer phyllaries with a very narrow, almost invisible border, a longer beak and paler stigmas.</p> <p>Distribution and ecology:— Taraxacum divulgatum was sampled at almost all the Siberian localities visited by us in 1985: Novosibirsk, Irkutsk, Baikal Lake and Bratsk. In addition, it was also found on the slopes of the Klyuchevskaya Volcano, Kamchatka. It grows on a wide range of dry grassland habitats, even semiruderal, and on gravelly and sandy sites along rivers or lakes, usually between 100 and 500 m a.s.l.</p> <p>Specimens examined:—[RUSSIA, Irkutskaya oblast] S. Siberia, city of Irkutsk, grasslands in the centre, near the church, not far from Angara hotel, 25 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek, cultivated as JŠ 2688 (PRA, no. det. 35961). – Ibidem, cultivated as JŠ 2689 (PRA, no. det. 35963). – S. Siberia, city of Irkutsk, grasslands and ruderal sites along the banks of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=160.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=56.15" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 160.8/lat 56.15)">Angara River</a> in the city centre, 25 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek, cultivated as JŠ 2693 (PRA, no. det. 36700). – <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=160.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=56.15" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 160.8/lat 56.15)">City</a> of Irkutsk, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=160.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=56.15" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 160.8/lat 56.15)">Baikal Lake</a>, village of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=160.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=56.15" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 160.8/lat 56.15)">Listvyanka</a>, steppe slopes above the port in the village [ca. 51° 51’ N, 104° 52’ E, ca. 500 m a.s.l.], 26 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek, cultivated as JŠ 2536 (PRA, no. det. 36696). – S. Siberia, town of Bratsk, west shore of the “Bratskoe More” reservoir, about 10 km from the dam, not far from the “Bratsk” hotel, 27–28 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek, cultivated as JŠ 2578 (PRA, no. det. 36698). – S. Siberia, town of Bratsk, west shore of the “Bratskoe More” reservoir, about 10 km from the dam, not far from the “Bratsk” hotel, 27–28 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek, cultivated as JŠ 2576 (PRA, no. det. 36691). – Ibidem, cultivated as JŠ 2577 (PRA, no. det. 36702). – [Novosibirskaya oblast] Novosibirsk, a quarter called Akademgorodok, in lawns in the vicinity of the “Dom Uchonych” hotel, 21 Jun 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JK 84 (PRA, no. det. 36697). – Novosibirsk, grasslands and semiruderal sites along the embankment of the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=160.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=56.15" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 160.8/lat 56.15)">River Ob</a>, near Krasny Prospekt in the city centre, 22 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek, cultivated as JŠ 2562 (PRA, no. det. 36695). – Ibidem, cultivated as JŠ 1578/9 (PRA, no. det. 36699). – The Far East [Kamchatsky krai], Kamchatka, Klyuchevskaya Volcano, near old volcanological station on the N slope of the volcano, 56°09’ N, 160°48’ E, 926 m, 20 Jul 2003, R. K. Brummitt &amp; S. McDonald 20853, cultivated as JŠ 8158 (PRA, no. det. 36965); Ibidem, cultivated as JŠ 8943 (PRA, no. det. 36967).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFEAFFBAFF01311A57D9FB3F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFEDFFB8FF01301E5205FD42.text	4542953CFFEDFFB8FF01301E5205FD42.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum indulgens Stepanek & Kirschner 2023	<div><p>8. Taraxacum indulgens Štěpánek &amp; Kirschner, sp. nov.</p> <p>Type:— RUSSIA. Republic of Tuva, Erzin, 3 km W of village <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=95.32361&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.301388" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 95.32361/lat 50.301388)">Moren</a>, flat valley of river <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=95.32361&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.301388" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 95.32361/lat 50.301388)">Erzin</a>, steppe with extrazonal forest of Larix, Betula, Picea obovata, Populus laurifolia on gravel bank, 940 m, 50°18’05” N, 95°19’25” E, 30 Jun 2013, J. Vondrák &amp; I. Frolov, cultivated from achenes “ Tuva 3” as JŠ 9928, collected in 2015 (PRA, no. det. 36784 holotype; isotype: PRA, no. det. 36786, with numerous duplicates).</p> <p>Etymology:—Indulgent, lenient, benevolent.</p> <p>Exsiccates:— Taraxaca Exs., no. 1356.</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Plantae Taraxaci ledebourii affines sed differunt achenii colore, pyramide longiori, phyllariis exterioribus brevioribus, ceterum etiam phyllariis paucis laxe adpressis late ovatis pallide viridibus et acheniis brevibus notabiles.</p> <p>Plants small or medium-sized, 9–12 cm tall, later up to 18 cm tall. Petiole narrow, unwinged or very narrowly winged, usually 2–4 cm long, inconspicuously light greyish brown-purple, ± densely arachnoid; plant base with tunic, densely dirty white arachnoid among petiole bases. Leaves numerous, subprostrate to erect-patent or ascending, narrowly oblanceolate to linear-oblanceolate in outline, 5–10 × 1.2–2.5 cm, not spotted, ± sparsely arachnoid along and on mid-vein, regularly pinnatisect; lateral segments in 4–5 (6) pairs, ± patent, linear or narrowly lingulate, usually 5–11 × 1–2 mm, acute to acuminate, distal margin subconvex to subsigmoid, entire or with a single minute tooth, proximal margin subsigmoid to subconcave, entire; terminal segment relatively small, usually 6–14 × 8–14 mm, ± triangular in outline, sometimes ± helmet-shaped, usually trilobed with its terminal part lingulate to narrowly lanceolate, entire, basal lobules patent, narrowly lingulate to narrowly oblong, ca. 3–6 mm long, acute, entire; interlobes narrow, usually 5–8 × 1.5–3 mm, unbordered, not blotched, entire or with 1–2 narrow acute teeth or lobules; mid-vein adaxially ± densely arachnoid, purplish to brownish, rarely light green. Scapes ± densely arachnoid, suffused brown-purple at base and distally, otherwise lighter brownish-purplish, ± equalling leaves. Capitulum yellow, ca. 3 cm wide, ± flat. Involucre rounded at base. Outer phyllaries 9–11, loosely appressed to erect, subimbricate or not imbricate, broadly ovate to ovate (upper up to ovate-lanceolate), reaching 2/5–1/2 of the inner, usually 5–6 × (3–) 4–4.5 mm, surface light green (pale green in early capitula), often with a dark, blackish, thin middle line, with a gradual transition in a membranous, translucent border 0.3–0.5 mm wide, margin irregularly minutely ciliate, apex flat; inner phyllaries ca. 11 mm long, of ± unequal width. Outer ligules flat, striped purplish grey-olivaceous outside, teeth red-brown, inner ligule teeth dark yellow to reddish. Stigmas ± light discoloured, light greyish yellow-green, with dark pubescence outside. Pollen present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes red-brown to castaneous, with a silvery hue when fully ripe, short and relatively thick, usually (3.4–) 3.6–3.8 × 0.9–1.0 mm, body subdensely to densely spinulose in upper 1/3, with spinules erect-patent, thin, up to 0.3 mm long, body ± abruptly narrowing into a thin cylindrical cone (0.8–) 0.9–1.0 mm long, often with 1 (–2) spinules at base; beak 8–9.5 mm long; pappus ± dirty white, ca. 6 mm long. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 9.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:— Taraxacum indulgens is distinct in having few, broadly ovate to ovate, light green outer phyllaries usually 4–4.5 mm wide, with a very gradual transition from green middle part towards membranous borders, and achenes short, relatively thick, red-brown to castaneous, with a thin cylindrical cone. Taraxacum ledebourii is similar in its leaf shape but different in the achene colour, a much shorter cone, paler stigmas and longer outer phyllaries.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Taraxacum indulgens is known from a single macrolocality in the Tuva Republic; it grows in a steppe habitat on gravel at locally relatively low elevation below 1000 m.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFEDFFB8FF01301E5205FD42	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFCBFF9AFF0135A7577EFB7A.text	4542953CFFCBFF9AFF0135A7577EFB7A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum jacuticum Tzvelev	<div><p>28. Taraxacum jacuticum Tzvelev in Tzvelev &amp; Jurtzev (1984: 195)</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA, Sakha Republic] Jakutia, Yanskiy raion, dolina reki Sartang, u pos. Bala, zlakovo-osochkovaya step [district of Jana, Sartang River valley, near the village of Bala, a grass-sedge steppe], 29 Jun 1965, V. I. Perfil’eva (LE, no. det. 6050, holotype).</p> <p>Etymology:—After Yakutia, the Sakha Republic.</p> <p>Plants small, usually 6–10 cm tall, later to 15 cm tall. Plant base with a slightly developed tunic, arachnoid among petiole bases. Petiole very narrow, unwinged, purple. Leaves subglabrous, slightly greyish green, outer and middle leaves 4.5–6 × 1–1.5 cm, oblanceolate, pinnatilobed to pinnatisect, terminal segment triangular to helmet shaped, usually ca. 1 × 0.8–1.0 cm, usually subobtuse, lateral segments in 2–3 pairs, narrowly lingulate-triangular, subrecurved, not very acute, ± entire or with sparse basal teeth, interlobes entire; inner leaves (prevailing in the type plants) up to 10 × 2 cm, with terminal segment elongated, acute to acuminate, 1.5–2 × ca. 1.0– 1.3 cm, basal lobules patent, acute, lateral segments 3–4 patent to subrecurved, acute, ± entire, interlobes entire. Scape green to purplish green, sparsely arachnoid, ± overtopping leaves. Capitulum yellow or pale yellow, ca. 2.5 cm wide. Involucre ca. 8 mm wide and rounded at base. Outer phyllaries ca. 11–13, slightly imbricate, appressed, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, 4.5–5.5 × 2–2.5 mm, not exceeding 1/2 of the inner phyllaries, surface light green to pale green, border well developed, whitish, 0.20–0.25 mm wide, margin ciliate, apex darker coloured, blackish corniculate; inner phyllaries 12–13 mm long, ± corniculate. Outer ligules probably flat, striped black-purple outside. Stigmas light greenish, with a dark pubescence outside. Pollen present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes deep red-brown, 3.2–3.5 × 0.6–0.75 mm, body subsparsely covered with broad short subpatent to erect-patent spinules and short squamules, gradually narrowing into a thin cylindrical cone 0.6–0.7 × 0.2–0.25 mm; beak 5.5–6.5 mm long, pappus yellowish white, ca. 5 mm long. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 31.</p> <p>Note:—There is a paratype material that, in part, may be conspecific with T. jacuticum. On a specimen from the Indigirka River basin, P. G. Zhukova determined the chromosome number (2n=32).</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:—According to the outer phyllaries, and partly also achenes, T. jacuticum belongs to T. sect. Dissecta; as an alternative, T. sect. Erythrosperma may be considered. It is characterized by small, slender achenes with a thin cylindrical cone, pale green outer phyllaries with a well visible whitish border ca. 0.2 mm wide and an apex with a dark corniculation, and discoloured stigmas. It is most similar to T. divulgatum (for differences, see the key to the identification of Dissecta species). Taraxacum jacuticum is accepted here rather tentatively because of a rather scanty material available.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Taraxacum jacuticum is known to occur in the northern region of the Sakha Republic near the Arctic Circle, in the basins of the rivers Yana, Indigirka and Kolyma, in the coldest territory in the world (Tzvelev &amp; Yurtzev 1984). In the Sartang River site, it grows in steppe-tundra patches (Chytrý et al. 2019) with a common sedge, Carex duriuscula Meyer (1831: 214), on the elevated places of the floodplain, otherwise dominated by moist tundra.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFCBFF9AFF0135A7577EFB7A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFC3FF91FF0136CC52FBF929.text	4542953CFFC3FF91FF0136CC52FBF929.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum krasnikovii M. S. Ivanova 2011	<div><p>Taraxacum krasnikovii M. S. Ivanova (2011: 9)</p> <p>≡ Taraxacum pratense Krasnikov (1997: 291), nom. illeg.</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA] the Altai, Ust-Kan District, the Yabagan Pass, 18 Aug 1984, A. Krasnikov &amp; D. Shaulo (NS, holotype, currently missing).</p> <p>The protologue of T. krasnikovii shows a relatively robust plant (to 20–25 cm tall!), with leaves to 15 cm long, glabrous, runcinate; outer phyllaries have a ± narrow shape (oblong-lanceolate), with apex corniculate (horns to 1 mm long!), involucre pale green, and achenes red-brown, medium long, with a relatively long (1–1.2 mm), cylindrical cone.</p> <p>Both the above names share a serious shortcoming: their type specimens are missing, perhaps even not extant, and cannot be located in the NS herbarium (N. Kovtonyuk, in litt.). The descriptions in the protologues are rather incomplete (posture, border and size of outer phyllaries, stigma colour and pollen presence are missing), and the illustration of T. rupestre does not help in this respect, either. The type localities of both names were visited during the 1988 expedition; we failed to find any material matching the protologue data there. We therefore do not interpret these two names at present, pending new gatherings at the type sites and/or the re-appearance of the type specimens.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFC3FF91FF0136CC52FBF929	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFF4FFA6FF01333657D9F8A6.text	4542953CFFF4FFA6FF01333657D9F8A6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum lactucifolium Kirschner & Stepanek 2023	<div><p>2. Taraxacum lactucifolium Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek, sp. nov.</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA, Irkutskaya oblast] Sibiria merid., urbs Irkutsk, lacus Bajkal, pagus <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.86667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.86667/lat 51.85)">Listvjanka</a>, in decl. stepposis supra portum in pago <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.86667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.86667/lat 51.85)">Listvjanka</a> [City of Irkutsk, Baikal Lake, village of Listvyanka, steppe slopes above the port in the village, ca. 51° 51’ N, 104° 52’ E, ca. 500 m a.s.l.], 26 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek 1575/30, cultivated as JŠ 2713 (PRA, no. det. 35844, holotype; isotype: PRA, no. det. 36681)</p> <p>Etymology:—Leaf shape similar to Lactuca.</p> <p>Exsiccates:— Taraxaca Exs., no. 1380.</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Plantae notabiles foliis profunde pinnatisectis, segmentis lateralibus et interlobiis conspicue lobulatis et dentatis, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus adpressis, lanceolatis, aequaliter olivaceo-viridibus, marginibus saepissime indistinctis membranaceis vel scariosis plerumque 0.1–0.2 mm latis, acheniis brunneis vel pallide brunneis brevibus, corpore dense breviter spinuloso, in pyramidem subcylindricam 0.5–0.7 mm longam abrupte transeunte.</p> <p>Plants small, usually to 12 cm tall. Petiole short, unwinged to narrowly winged, sparsely arachnoid, usually suffused purplish; plant base with yellowish hairs, tunic developed. Leaves ± deep green, sparsely arachnoid, later glabrescent, usually narrowly elliptical in outline, 6–12 × 1.5–2.8 cm, with a complicated leaf shape pattern, deeply pinnatisect, usually with 5–7 pairs of patent, subhamate or subrecurved, usually linear-triangular lateral segments, frequently with broad base abruptly narrowed in the linear to linear-lingulate distal part, distal margin convex or subconcave, seldom entire, usually with a few little teeth and with 1–2 lobules near segment’s base, proximal margin most often concave, entire; terminal segment tripartite, with distal lobe linear-lingulate to narrowly triangular, often dilated at base, entire or more often with a pair of patent lobules, basal lobules linear, patent, entire; interlobes narrow, usually 1–2 mm wide, usually irregularly dentate and lobulate, some lobules with shape and size similar to that of lateral segments; midvein glabrous to sparsely arachnoid, often suffused brownish-purplish. Scapes green or suffused purplish, arachnoid, subequalling leaves. Capitulum yellow, 3–3.5 cm wide. Involucre olivaceous-green to dark olivaceous, 8–10 mm wide and rounded at base. Outer phyllaries 10–13, ± appressed, sometimes loosely so, not imbricate, lanceolate, usually 5–7.5 (–8) × 2.2–3.5 mm, ± evenly coloured olivaceous-green, darker distally, border usually not very distinct, membranous or whitish-membranous, 0.1–0.2 (–0.4) mm wide, sometimes with paler yellowish-green border zone to 1 mm wide in basal part of some phyllaries, all colour transitions on phyllary surface gradual, margin ciliate, apex flat to callose; inner phyllaries 11–13 mm long, flat. Outer ligules flat, striped light grey-purplish outside, inner ligule teeth dirty yellow or greyish. Stigmas light yellow-green, with pubescence of mixed hyaline and grey hairs. Pollen present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes light medium-brown to medium-brown, 3.1–3.6 × 0.8–0.9 mm, body shortly, ± densely spinulose in upper 1/3, ± abruptly narrowing into subcylindrical cone 0.5–0.7 mm long; beak 9–10 mm long, pappus 5–5.5 mm long, yellowish white. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 3.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:—The combination of pure brown achenes and lanceolate, usually very narrowly bordered outer phyllaries, with a complicated leaf shape pattern of numerous narrow, lobulate and/or dentate lateral segments and interlobes is diagnostic.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Taraxacum lactucifolium was primarily sampled at steppe patches on slopes above Lake Baikal, in the vicinity of Listvyanka village, at about 500 m. There is another, very remote locality, near the mouth of Ob River in northern Siberia.</p> <p>Specimens examined:—[RUSSIA, Irkutskaya oblast] City of Irkutsk, Baikal Lake, village of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=66.38333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=66.65" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 66.38333/lat 66.65)">Listvyanka</a>, steppe slopes above the port in the village [ca. 51° 51’ N, 104° 52’ E, ca. 500 m a.s.l.], 26 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek 1575/30, cultivated as JŠ 2713 (PRA, no. det. 36681). – <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=66.38333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=66.65" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 66.38333/lat 66.65)">Northern Siberia</a>, region of the mouth of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=66.38333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=66.65" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 66.38333/lat 66.65)">Ob River</a> [Yamalo- Nenets Autonomous Okrug, ca. 66° 39’ N, 66° 23’ E], in the village of Labytnangi, Aug 1987, L. Klimeš, cultivated as JŠ 3166 (PRA, no. det. 35849).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFF4FFA6FF01333657D9F8A6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFE1FFB3FF0132865576FAB3.text	4542953CFFE1FFB3FF0132865576FAB3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum lacusculorum Kirschner & Stepanek 2023	<div><p>14. Taraxacum lacusculorum Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek, sp. nov.</p> <p>Type:—[CHINA, Xinjiang] Xinjiang, Tian Shan, in pratis montanis ad lacum Tian chi (Tian chi Lake), May 1999, P. Sekerka, Zhang Dao Yuan &amp; V. Huml, cultivated as JŠ 7387 (PRA, no. det. 35848, holotype; isotypes: PRA, no. det. 36686, isotype).</p> <p>Etymology:—Little lake (lacusculus).</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Plantae insignes foliis glauco-viridibus, petiolis purpurascentibus, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus paucis, ovatis, anguste distincte albomarginatis, stigmatibus obscuris, necnon acheniis rubro-brunneis, angustis, corpore superne conspicue spinulosis, in pyramidem angustam, plerumque 1.1–1.2 mm longam sensim transeunte.</p> <p>Plants small, usually to 8–10 cm tall. Petiole narrow, narrowly winged to unwinged, purplish to purple, sparsely arachnoid; plant base with whitish hairs, tunic developed. Leaves greyish green to glaucous-green, usually sparsely arachnoid, outer leaves sometimes glabrescent, ± narrowly oblanceolate in outline, usually 4–7 × 1.0–1.5 (–1.8) cm, pinnatisect, lateral segments 3–4 (–5) pairs, ± patent, sometimes subrecurved, narrowly oblong-triangular to deltoidtriangular, distal margin straight to subconvex, usually entire, rarely with a single basal tooth, proximal margin straight to subconvex, entire, apex subobtuse to acute; terminal segment triangular to ± helmet-shaped or tripartite, straight to ± convex in triangular segments, concave in tripartite ones, entire, basal lobules patent; interlobes variable, often short and entire, very often distinct, broad, sparsely denticulate; mid-vein usually suffused brownish-purplish. Scapes purplish green, sparsely arachnoid, equalling to slightly overtopping leaves. Capitulum yellow, to 3 cm wide. Involucre greyish green, 7–9 mm wide and rounded at base. Outer phyllaries 7–10, appressed or loosely appressed, ± not imbricate, ovate, 5–6.5 × (2.2–) 2.9–3.4 mm, surface greyish olivaceous-green, border narrow, distinct, whitishmembranous to whitish, 0.3–0.4 (–0.5) mm wide, margin cilate, apex dark green to blackish green, suffused purple, ± flat; inner phyllaries 11–13 mm long at anthesis, apex flat. Outer ligules flat, striped grey purplish outside, inner ligule teeth light (dirty) purplish. Stigmas dark discoloured, greenish, with a dark pubescence outside. Pollen present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes red-brown, (3.5–) 3.9–4.2 × 0.7–0.8 mm, body with very distinct subsparse acuminate erect-patent spinules to 0.3 mm long in upper 1/3, gradually narrowing into cylindrical cone (0.9–) 1.1–1.2 × 0.2 mm; beak 7 mm long, pappus ca. 5.5 mm long, ± white. –Agamosperm. – Fig. 16.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:—Short, ovate, often loosely appressed outer phyllaries, glaucous-green leaves, and slender, red-brown achenes with a long, thin cone are diagnostic. It might be compared with T. babcockii but the thin achenes of T. lacusculorum with a long thin cylindrical cone are diagnostic.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—It occurs in the western Xinjiang, China. The known habitats of T. lacusculorum include stony substeppe slopes and dry meadows, at about 1900–2000 m.</p> <p>Specimens examined:—[CHINA, Xinjiang] W. Xinjiang, the Tian Shan [Fukang vicinity, Bogda Shan, ca. 1930 m a.s.l., ca. 43°54’ N, 88°07’ 23” E], mountain meadows near the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=88.123055&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.9" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 88.123055/lat 43.9)">Tianchi Lake</a>, May 1999, P. Sekerka, Zhang Dao Yuan &amp; V. Huml, cultivated as JŠ 7387 (PRA, with duplicates).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFE1FFB3FF0132865576FAB3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFDAFF89FF01328656E1FF4B.text	4542953CFFDAFF89FF01328656E1FF4B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum ledebourii Kirschner & Stepanek 2023	<div><p>18. Taraxacum ledebourii Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek, sp. nov.</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA, Irkutskaya oblast] Sibiria merid., urbs Bratsk, ad ripam sinistram lacus structilis “Bratskoe More”, ca. 10 km situ a vallo, ad marg. partis centralis urbis Bratsk, haud procul a deversorio “Bratsk”, 27–28 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek, cultivated as JŠ 2551 (PRA, no. det. 35971, holotype; isotypi: PRA, no. det. 36716).</p> <p>Etymology:—Named after the most renowned botanist in Russia in the 19 th century, Carl Friedrich von Ledebour (1786–1851).</p> <p>Exsiccates:— Taraxaca Exs., no. 1377–1379.</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Species distinctissima foliis subglabris, interlobiis margine colorato, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus subimbricatis ovatis usque lanceolatis, marginibus membranaceis viridescentibus 0.5–1.0 mm latis, stigmatibus luteis vel sordide luteis, acheniis pallide griseo-stramineis, corpore superne subsparse distincte spinuloso, in pyramidem subcylindricam 0.5–0.7 mm longam sensim transeunte.</p> <p>Plants small, usually to 12 cm tall. Petiole narrow, unwinged, subglabrous to sparsely arachnoid, green or faintly suffused pinkish; plant base with yellowish hairs, tunic developed. Leaves mid green, usually subglabrous, often entirely narrowly bordered brown-purple, or dark border confined to interlobes; oblong to linear-oblanceolate in outline, usually 7–11 × (1.0–) 1.5–2.5 cm, deeply pinnatisect; lateral segments usually 4–5 pairs, sometimes deltoid-triangular, usually very narrowly triangular or linear-triangular, patent to recurved, rarely to subhamate-recurved, often narrowed from a broader base into a narrow distal part, distal margin straight, sigmoid to subconcave, sometimes entire, usually with a few little teeth closer to the base, often with a parallel lobule near the distal base, proximal margin straight to sigmoid, usually entire; terminal lobe triangular to tripartite, distal margin subconcave to concave, entire or with 1–2 shallow incisions, basal lobules patent to subrecurved, proximal margin ± straight, entire, patent to subrecurved; mid-vein pale green or suffused pinkish. Scapes brownish green, arachnoid, subequalling leaves. Capitulum yellow, usually 2.5–3.5 cm wide. Involucre light green, 8–11 mm wide and narrowly rounded at base. Outer phyllaries 11–16 (17), appressed, subimbricate, ovate to lanceolate, (6.8–) 7.5–8.5 (–9.5) × (2.7–) 3.2–3.9 (–4.8) mm, with a mid-green to dark green middle part, with a gradual transition into a whitish green or marginally membranous-green paler zone usually 0.5–1.0 mm wide, margin sparsely and minutely ciliate, apex darker, ± flat; inner phyllaries usually 13–14 mm long, flat. Outer ligules striped greyish to faintly greyish, inner ligule teeth dirty yellow or pale purplish. Stigmas yellow or ± dirty yellow. Pollen present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes light greyish stramineous-brown, (3.4–) 3.6–3.8 (–4.1) × (0.7–) 0.8 mm, body subsparsely spinulose in upper 1/4, spinules distinct erect-patent, the uppermost ones longest, often almost subpatent, body with a gradual transition into a subcylindrical cone usually 0.5–0.7 × 0.25 mm (cone base often with a few short spinules); beak 9 (–10) mm long, pappus 5–5.5 mm, yellowish white. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 20.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:—The diagnostic and rather unusual combination of characters includes numerous, subimbricate, broadly and distinctly bordered outer phyllaries, yellow or almost yellow stigmas, greyish slender achenes with erectpatent to subpatent spinules and a gradual transition into a relatively short subcylindrical cone.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—A relatively widely distributed south-central Siberian species known from the vicinity of the Bratsk Reservoir, Irkutsk Region, from the Republic of Khakassia and from a series of localities in the Altai (districts of Ongudai, Ust-Ulagan and Kosh-Agach). Dry steppe or semiruderal sites in the Altai, and the gravelly and sandy places near Bratsk, between 400 and 1900 m, are occupied by several species of T. sect. Dissecta, including T. ledebourii.</p> <p>Specimens examined:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay] SW. Siberia, Altai Mts., Ongudai District, in the valley of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Chuya River</a>, in the vicinity of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Chepkan village</a>, 2 Jul 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JŠ 3354 (PRA, no. det. 36726). – Altai Mts., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Ongudai District</a>, saline meadows in the vicinity of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Aktash village</a>, ca. 1800 m, 4–5 Jul 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JK 15 (PRA, no. det. 36713). – <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Ibidem</a>, cultivated as JK 16 (PRA, no. det. 36728). – <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Ibidem</a>, dry sites along the road, cultivated as JK 42 (PRA, no. det. 36715). – SW. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Siberia</a>, Altai Mts., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Aigulak Khrebet</a> (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Ridge</a>), district of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Ust-Ulagan</a>, at the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Ulaganskiy Pereval</a> (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Pass</a>) near the lakes of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Myortvye Ozera</a>, 2 Jul 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JŠ 3365 (PRA, no. det. 36723). – SW. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Siberia</a>, Altai, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Kosh-Agach District</a>, valley of the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">river Chuya</a>, village of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Chagan-Uzun</a>, sandy and gravelly sites near the mouth of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">river Kuyakh-Tonar</a>, ca. 1900 m, 5 Jul 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JK 29 (PRA, no. det. 36717). – <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Ibidem</a>, cultivated as JK 17 (PRA, no. det. 36721). – SW. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Siberia</a>, Altai Mts., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Ongudai District</a>, steppe sites along the road, about 54 km E. of the confluence of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Katun’</a> and <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Chuya</a> rivers, 2 Jul 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JK 82 (PRA, no. det. 36719). – S. Siberia, town of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Bratsk</a>, west shore of the “Bratskoe More” reservoir, about 10 km from the dam, not far from the “Bratsk” hotel, 27–28 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek, cultivated as JŠ 2551 (PRA, no. det. 36716). – <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Ibidem</a>, cultivated as JŠ 2554 (PRA, no. det. 36724); JŠ 2582 (PRA, no. det. 36722); JŠ 2553 (PRA, no. det. 36720); JŠ 2552 (PRA, no. det. 36718); JŠ 2555 (PRA, no. det. 36712). – <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Republic</a> of Khakasia, 20 km N of town <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=89.843056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.663334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 89.843056/lat 54.663334)">Shira</a>, quartzite, limestone and schist outcrops in short-grass steppe, 410 m, 54°39’48” N, 89°50’35” E, 18 Jun 2013, J. Vondrák &amp; I. Frolov, cultivated as JŠ 9926 (PRA, no. det. 36963).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFDAFF89FF01328656E1FF4B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFDCFF8EFF0130EC5209F7B2.text	4542953CFFDCFF8EFF0130EC5209F7B2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum minuticarpum Kirschner & Stepanek 2023	<div><p>17. Taraxacum minuticarpum Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek, sp. nov.</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay] Siberia austro-occidentalis, montes Altaj, distr. Koš-Agač, in valle fl. Čuja, pagus Čagan-Uzun, in arenosis et glareosis ad ostium fl. Kujach-Tonar, ca. 1900 m, 5 Jul 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JK 24 (PRA, no. det. 33407, holotype; isotype: PRA, no. det. 33401).</p> <p>Etymology:—With very small fruits.</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Plantae tunicatae polline carentes vel rarius sparsissime polliniferae, notabiles petiolis sordide purpureis, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus adpressis vel laxius adpressis, ovato-lanceolatis usque ovatis obscure olivaceo-viridibus, marginibus fere invisibilibus, ad 0.1 mm latis, ciliatis, ligulis externis plerumque cucullatis, acheniis rubro-brunneis angustis, corpore persensim in pyramidem subcylindricam vel subconicam transeunte.</p> <p>Plants very small, usually to 6 cm tall. Petiole narrow, unwinged, suffused grey-purple, ± arachnoid; plant base with whitish hairs, tunic developed. Leaves deep green, subglabrous to very sparsely arachnoid, oblanceolate in outline, usually 3.5–5.5 × 1–1.5 cm, pinnatisect, shape variable, ± complicated, some (usually outer) leaves with 3–4 pairs of subrecurved, narrowly triangular lateral segments with distal margin subentire or with a single tooth, interlobes short with 1–2 short but distinct teeth; the inner leaves with 3–4 patent to subrecurved, narrowly triangular to lineartriangular lateral segments, distal margin with a short lobule or an incision near the segment’s base, proximal margin entire, interlobes longer, with 1–3 distinct patent lobules or large teeth; terminal segment broadly triangular or ± helmet-shaped, most often entire, basal lobules usually patent; mid-vein ± purplish. Scape brownish green, arachnoid, equalling or overtopping leaves. Capitulum lighter yellow, not fully opening, usually ca. 2 cm wide. Involucre dark green, ca. 5–7 mm wide and ± rounded at base. Outer phyllaries 10–13, ± not imbricate to subimbricate, appressed to loosely appressed, ovate-lanceolate to ovate, (3.5–) 4.2–5 × (1.8–) 2.0– 2.2 mm, dark olivaceous-green, distally darker and usually suffused reddish, border ± not visible, ± membranous, to 0.1 mm wide, margin ciliate, apex flat. Outer ligules involute, cucullate, striped blackish purple outside, inner ligule teeth dirty yellow or slightly purplish. Stigmas greyish to grey-yellow. Pollen absent, but sometimes some irregular pollen grains hidden in anther tube. Achenes medium red-brown to slightly reddish medium brown, 2.9–3.2 × 0.7–0.8 mm, body with numerous but not dense, thin, erect-patent spinules in upper 1/3, body ± gradually narrowing into subcylindrical to subconical cone 0.6–0.7 mm long; beak 6 mm long, pappus ± white, 4–4.5 mm long. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 19.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:—The ± borderless, not numerous, ovate-lanceolate to ovate, short outer phyllaries, the halfclosed capitulum with cucullate ligules, empty or sparsely polliniferous anthers, the small size of red-brown achenes are diagnostic. The differences between T. minuticarpum and T. depauperatum are summarized in the treatment of the latter.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—The flat, relatively dry, sandy to gravelly alluvial sediments in the vicinity of the conflunce of the rivers of Chuya and Kuyakh-Tonar, Kosh-Agach District, Altai Republic, are rich in dandelions of T. sect. Suavia and T. sect. Dissecta. Taraxacum minuticarpum is not very conspicuous among them; it is known to occur at that macrolocality only.</p> <p>Specimens examined:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay] Altai Republic, Altai Mts., Kosh-Agach District, valley of the river Chuya, village of Chagan-Uzun, sandy and gravelly sites near the mouth of river Kuyakh-Tonar, ca. 1900 m, 5 Jul 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JK 24 (PRA, no. det. 33401, with duplicates).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFDCFF8EFF0130EC5209F7B2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFDEFF8EFF0134E05234FD5F.text	4542953CFFDEFF8EFF0134E05234FD5F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum obscurum Stepanek & Kirschner 2023	<div><p>16. Taraxacum obscurum Štěpánek &amp; Kirschner, sp. nov.</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA, Irkutskaya oblast]. Sibiria merid., urbs Bratsk: ad ripam sinistram lacus structilis “Bratskoe More” (ca. 2 km situ a vallo) prope partem Padun urbis Bratsk, 28 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek, cultivated as JŠ 2556, collected in 1988 (PRA, no. det. 36956, holotype; isotype: PRA, no. det. 36954).</p> <p>Etymology:—Dark, unclear, hidden.</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Plantae insignes acheniis mediocriter brunneis vel saturate brunneis, pyramide tenui ± cylindrica, antheris polline carentibus, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus adpressis, apice laxe adpressis, late ovatis vel ovatis, obscure griseo-viridibus, marginibus pallidis angustissimis, segmentis et interlobiis foliorum saepissime integris.</p> <p>Plants small, usually 6–8 cm tall, later (fruiting plants) to 14 cm. Petiole narrow, unwinged or narrowly winged, usually 2–2.5 cm long, most often suffused purplish; root often with several heads, tunic developed, dark brown, plant base with dense greyish or light brownish arachnoid hairs among petiole bases. Leaf rosette compact, with numerous leaves. Leaves erect-patent to patent, ± glabrous or subglabrous (hairs scattered along mid-vein adaxially), not spotted, rarely with inconspicuous sparse little brown-purple spots (visible only on late leaves), narrowly elliptical to narrowly oblanceolate, usually 5–7 × 1.5–2.5 cm, regularly pinnatipartite to pinnatisect; lateral segments in 3 (4) pairs, usually subrecurved to patent, sometimes hamate-subrecurved, rarely pointing forwards, usually 5–9 mm long, 2–5 mm wide at base, usually ± abruptly narrowed from a broad base to an elongated to lingulate, acute to acuminate distal part, distal margin usually sigmoid, entire, proximal margin straight to subconvex, entire; terminal segment relatively small, broadly triangular to triangular in outline, often trilobed, usually 5–12 × 9–14 mm, terminal part usually broadly lingulate, obtusely acute, entire, basal lobules, usually patent, triangular to narrowly lingulate, entire; interlobes relatively broad, usually 2–4 × 2.5–5 mm, not bordered or only very indistinctly so, margin distally ± raised, entire or with a single little thin tooth. Scapes irregularly arachnoid, ± pale green, suffused purplish at base, later purplish also below capitulum, usually 4–7 cm long, ± equalling leaves. Capitulum yellow, flat to subconvex, small, 2–2.5 cm wide. Involucre ca. 7 mm wide and rounded to subtruncate at base. Outer phyllaries 11–15, appressed (apical 1/3 loosely appressed), relatively short, reaching ½ of the inner phyllaries, broadly ovate to ovate (the uppermost ones often lanceolate), ± not imbricate, (4–) 5.5–6.5 × (2.5–) 3–4 mm, surface ± evenly dark olivaceous-green (almost black-green when dry), with an abrupt transition in a ± translucent, dirty whitish border 0.1–0.25 mm wide, margin initially densely ciliate distally, later ± glabrescent, apex often minutely corniculate; inner phyllaries 8–10 mm long, of slightly unequal width, with a dark, often minutely corniculate apex. Outer ligules flat, narrowly striped greyolivaceous outside, apical teeth brownish, inner ligule teeth yellow. Stigmas light to medium discoloured, greyish yellow-green, hairs of pubescence often dark distally. Pollen absent.Achenes ± medium dark brown, 3.7–4.4 × 0.9–1.0 mm, achene body ± densely spinulose (spinules suberect to erect-patent, up to 0.35 mm long) in upper 1/3–1/4, otherwise tuberculate, lateral ridges moderately distinct, serrulate in upper 1/3–1/2, body subgradually narrowing into a subcylindrical to cylindrical cone 0.6–1.0 mm long; beak 6–7 mm long, pappus whitish to dirty white, 5 mm long. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 18.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:—The medium dark brown achenes, the ovate outer phyllaries with a very narrow pale border, and the absence of pollen are diagnostic. In addition, distinct, long spinules on the achene body, and usually a total absence of teeth or lobules make a difference from T. spadiceum. Relatively dark outer phyllaries with a narrow but distinct paler border recall T. dorchocarpum of T. sect. Erythrocarpa (Štěpánek &amp; Kirschner 2022).</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Taraxacum obscurum is confined to a single macrolocality along the western shore of the Bratsk Reservoir on River Angara. The relatively dry, denuded, sandy and gravelly shore habitat with sparse vegetation is rich in dandelions, and T. sect. Dissecta is richly represented there.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFDEFF8EFF0134E05234FD5F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFF0FFBCFF01375A52ECFC98.text	4542953CFFF0FFBCFF01375A52ECFC98.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum ovatum Kirschner & Stepanek 2023	<div><p>5. Taraxacum ovatum Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek, sp. nov.</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA, Irkutskaya oblast] Sibiria merid., urbs Irkutsk, locis graminosis inter fl. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.29472&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.298054" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.29472/lat 52.298054)">Ušakovka</a> et monasterium, in peripheria urbis Irkutsk [City of Irkutsk, grasslands between the river Ushakovka and the Znamenskiy Monastery, in suburbs of Irkutsk, at 52°17’53” N, 104°17’41” E, 430 m], 25 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek 1583/20, cultivated as JŠ 2696 (PRA, no. det. 35839, holotype; isotype: PRA, no. det. 36682).</p> <p>Etymology:—Derived from the ovate shape of outer phyllaries.</p> <p>Exsiccates:— Taraxaca Exs., no. 1376.</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Differt a speciebus ceteris Sibiricis e sectione Dissectorum involucris obscure olivaceo-viridibus, basi 9–11 mm latis, phyllariis exterioribus adpressis, late ovatis usque ovato-lanceolatis, plerumque aequabiliter obscure viridibus marginibus inconspicuis membranaceis 0.4–0.8 mm latis, acheniis pallide fusco-stramineis corpore conspicue dense squamuloso, in pyramidem subcylindricam crassiusculam subabrupte transeunte.</p> <p>Plants small to medium-sized, usually to 10–13 (–16) cm tall. Petiole usually narrowly winged, sometimes winged, often suffused purplish, sparsely arachnoid; plant base with whitish hairs, tunic not seen in the cultivated material. Leaves ± mid-green, sparsely arachnoid to subglabrous, narrowly oblong in outline, usually 7–11 (–16) × (2.0–) 2.5–3 (–4) cm, deeply pinnatisect, usually with (4) 5–6 (7) pairs of patent to ± recurved, triangular-deltoid to narrowly triangular lateral segments with distal margin usually sigmoid to concave, sometimes straight, usually with several little teeth or 1–2 linear lobules to the broader basal part of the segment, proximal margin straight to subconvex, usually entire; terminal segment triangular to triangular-sagittate, sometimes tripartite, with distal margin straight to concave, entire or with a single tooth; interlobes short, of variable width, usually with 1–3 lobules, or sparsely dentate, rarely entire; mid-vein frequently suffused light brownish purple. Scapes brownish green or purplish, arachnoid, subequalling inflorescence. Capitulum yellow, ca. 3.5–4 cm wide. Involucre dark olivaceous-green, 9–11 mm wide and broadly rounded at base. Outer phyllaries 10–15, appressed, ± not imbricate, broadly ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 6–9 × (2.5–) 3–4 (–5) mm, surface ± dark green, border not distinct, ± membranous, 0.4–0.8 mm wide, sometimes inconspicuously bordered by a paler zone inside, altogether to 1 mm wide, margin ciliate, apex ± flat; inner phyllaries 13–14 mm long, ± flat. Outer ligules flat, striped light grey to light pinkish grey, inner ligule teeth greyish-purplish. Stigmas yellow-green, usually with a dark pubescence outside. Pollen present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes light grey-stramineous, ca. 3.7–4.1 × 1.0– 1.1 mm, densely and conspicuously squamulose in upper 1/3, subabruptly narrowing into a relatively thick subcylindrical cone 0.6–0.8 (–1.0) × ca. 0.35 mm; beak 8–9 mm long, pappus ca. 5.5 mm long, ± white. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 6.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:—A rather unusually robust plant among members of T. sect. Dissecta, it is characterized by light grey-stramineous, relatively thick achenes with a conspicuous squamulosity, numerous leaf lateral segment with distinct lobules and teeth, and the broad, ovate outer phyllaries with a relatively broad but not very distinct membranous border.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Taraxacum ovatum is known from a single locality in the suburbs of Irkutsk, where it grows in semiruderal grasslands, at about 430 m a.s.l.</p> <p>Specimens examined:—[RUSSIA, Irkutskaya oblast] City of Irkutsk, grasslands between the river Ushakovka and the [Znamenskiy] <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.29472&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=52.298054" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.29472/lat 52.298054)">Monastery</a>, in suburbs of Irkutsk [ca. 52° 17’ 53” N, 104° 17’ 41” E, 430 m a.s.l.], 25 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek 1583/20, cultivated as JŠ 2696 (PRA, no. det. 36682, with duplicates).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFF0FFBCFF01375A52ECFC98	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFD0FF9CFF0135A452BDFB8F.text	4542953CFFD0FF9CFF0135A452BDFB8F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum polozhiae Kurbatskiy	<div><p>24. Taraxacum polozhiae Kurbatskiy in Polozhiy (1980: 118)</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA] Abakanskaya Ekspeditsia, Khakasskiy okr., mezhdu r. Uybat i rch. Beey (sistemy r. Uybata), kamenistaya step’, 26 May – 10 Jun 1928, V. V. Reverdatto (TK 002344, holotype, photographs seen!).</p> <p>Etymology:—After Antonina Vasilyevna Polozhiy (1917–2003), a leading botanical personality at Tomsk State University, Russia. Plants small, usually to 10 (–12) cm tall. Petiole narrow, unwinged, purple, arachnoid; plant base with a well developed tunic. Leaves ± greyish green, arachnoid to sparsely so, mainly along mid-vein, with a complicated shape pattern, narrowly oblong to ± linear-oblong in outline, usually 5–10 × 0.9–2.2 cm, deeply and irregularly dissected in numerous, patent, linear-lingulate or linear segments to 2 mm wide, lateral segments usually 4–5 on each side but often asymmetrically arranged and with numerous, irregularly intercalated segment-like lobules and large teeth; terminal segment asymmetrically tripartite, with ± linear parts; interlobes long, narrow, with several patent linear lobules and large patent acute teeth; mid-vein purple. Scapes brownish green, slightly suffused purplish, arachnoid or sparsely arachnoid, ± overtopping leaves. Capitulum light yellow, 2.5–3 cm wide. Involucre light green to medium green, ca. 6– 7 mm wide and narrowly rounded at base. Outer phyllaries 11–16, appressed, ± not imbricate, ovate, ovate-lanceolate to ± lanceolate, usually 5.0–6.7 (–7.5) × (1.5–) 2.2–3.1 mm, surface light olivaceous-green (distally darker, suffused light purplish), with very gradual colour transitions, border not distinct, membranous to slightly whitish membranous, 0.3–0.6 mm wide, margin sparsely cilate to ± glabrous, apex dark corniculate; inner phyllaries 11–12 mm long, callose to corniculate. Outer ligules flat, striped grey with pinkish hue outside, inner ligule teeth dirty yellow. Stigmas ± pure yellow. Pollen (probably) present. Achenes dark red-brown, 3.0– 3.5 mm long, body spinulose above, cone ca. 0.5–0.6 mm long; beak 7–9 mm long, pappus ± white, 6–6.5 mm long. – Fig. 27.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:— Taraxacum polozhiae is characterized by numerous, linear leaf segments and lobules, arachnoid leaves with a narrow, purple petiole, appressed light olivaceous-green outer phyllaries with an inconspicuous membranous border, yellow stigmas and red-brown achenes.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Taraxacum polozhiae is known from Khakassia, SW Siberia, and grows in gravelly steppe habitats.</p> <p>Note:—The type material of the name T. polozhiae consists of very well developed, prepared and preserved plants at full anthesis, with a scape having almost ripe achenes. Thanks to the detailed photographic documentation (provided by Dr. I. Gureeva), we were able to compile a description almost completely comparable with those of the other taxa. It follows from the comparison that T. polozhiae belongs to T. sect. Dissecta, and represents a separate, well defined entity. Its relationships with T. sect. Stenoloba require further study but appear as probable.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFD0FF9CFF0135A452BDFB8F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFCEFF9EFF01365E54E8FCD6.text	4542953CFFCEFF9EFF01365E54E8FCD6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum pubescens (Fries 1814) Fries 1843	<div><p>25. Taraxacum pubescens (Fries 1814: 14) Fries (1843: 94)</p> <p>≡ Leontodon pubescens Fries (1814: 14)</p> <p>[Type indication:—”Habitat in Siberia. Cel. Tilesius”]</p> <p>Type:—” Leontodon n. sp. Sib. Ad Lenam fluvium”, [Tilesius] (LD, no. det. 17819, holotype; probably also an isotype of the name Leontodon dissectus, see below; isotype: “ Leontodon pubescens. Ad Lenam”, [with additional printed text on a separate label:] “Merck &amp; Tilesius, ex herb. Rudolphi.)”, [Tilesius] (BM, no. det. 12147).</p> <p>= Taraxacum dissectum (Ledebour 1815: 555) Ledebour (1846: 814)</p> <p>≡ Leontodon dissectus Ledebour (1815: 555)</p> <p>[Type indication:—” Hab. in Sibiria ad Lenam fluvium.”]</p> <p>Type:—” Leontodon dissectus Ledeb. ” ad Lenam, ded. auctor [written by C. A. Meyer] (LE, no. det. 6130, lectotype, designated by Tzvelev in Schischkin 1964: 539, see also Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek 1996: 215).</p> <p>= Taraxacum baicalense Schischkin (1964: 539).</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA, Irkutskaya oblast] Oz. Baikal, zapadnoe poberezh’e, 53º s. sh, Ulus Tagota, sukhoi lug. [W. shore of Lake Baikal, 53º N, Tagot settlement, a dry meadow], 21 Jun 1928, V. N. Sukachev, K. A. Rassadina &amp; N. A. Bryzzhev 318 (LE, no. det. 6052, holotype; isotype: LE!, photo PRA).</p> <p>Notes:—The date of publication of the name Leontodon dissectus is frequently given as 1812 (Schischkin 1964, Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek 1996). However, the study was orally presented by Ledebour before the Academy on January 19, 1814, and, as no preprints were issued of ser. 5 of the Memoires (A. Sennikov, pers. comm.), it is almost sure that the publication itself appeared in 1815. In the introductory paragraph, Ledebour (1815: 553) stated that the material evaluated was sent to him by Tilesius (W. G. Tilesius von Tilenau, 1769–1857), and on labels, Ledebour mentions the year 1813 as the acquisition date.</p> <p>There are two specimens representing syntypes of Leontodon dissectus in LE. The typification was published by N. N. Tzvelev in Schischkin (1964: 539) and the type was annotated by N. N. Tzvelev in the herbarium. Although there is a specimen more suitable for the role of the lectotype (our no. det. 6132, a residual syntype, see the list of specimens examined) because of the presence of achenes and a more detailed label written by Ledebour himself, we retain the lectotype proposed by N. N. Tzvelev. Another specimen from the same gathering of Tilesius was deposited in Berlin (B), studied and photographed there by G. E. Haglund before the destruction of the B collection in the World War II. Haglund even retained a flower head; both the capitulum and the photographs clearly belong to what we call T. pubescens: “ad fl. Lenam”, [Tilesius], (originally B, photo deposited in S, and a separate capitulum, S 13–4553!).</p> <p>A note on the synonymization: Although the name T. dissectum has been used quite frequently in the taxonomic literature, we refrain from proposing this name to be listed among conserved names. The name T. dissectum was used for a number of taxa, even for taxa belonging to several other sections, and we prefer the “clean” name, T. pubescens, with the detailed circumscription published in the present paper.</p> <p>Plants small, to ca. 12 cm tall. Petioles narrow, unwinged, arachnoid, probably slightly purplish; plant base with dense yellowish to brownish hairs, covered with a well developed tunic. Leaves probably slightly greyish green, arachnoid to sparsely so, oblong-linear in outline, usually 3–8.5 × 0.9–2 cm, deeply pinnatisect, lateral lobes numerous, usually 5–8 pairs, lateral segments ± linear, sometimes with slightly dilated distal part, often with a few teeth or a lobule at distal margin base; interlobes narrow, short, often sparsely dentate or lobulate; terminal segment usually tripartite with distal part linear and patent, linear, often asymmetrical basal lobules; mid-vein hairy, pale greenish, sometimes suffused pinkish. Scapes brownish or pinkish green, densely hairy. Capitulum light mid-yellow, ca. 2.5 cm wide. Involucre deep green, ca. 7–9 mm wide and broadly rounded at base. Outer phyllaries usually 8–12, appressed, subimbricate, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, (3.5–) 5–6 mm long, (1.5–) 3.5–4.0 mm wide, with dark green middle strip and distinct broad whitish margin to ca. 1 mm wide, margin ciliate, apex usually ± flat; inner phyllaries to 11 mm long, ± flat. Outer ligules flat, faintly striped grey-pink outside. Stigmas pale greenish to ± yellow; pollen present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes greyish stramineous-brown, (3.8–) 4.0–4.4 (–4.6) mm long, 0.8–0.9 (–1.0) mm wide, gradually narrowing to a narrow subcylindrical cone (0.5–) 0.7–0.9 (–1.0) mm long, achene body almost smooth below, ± densely spinulose above, spinules thin, long, acute, suberect; beak ca. 6–7 mm long, pappus white, ca. (5.5–) 6–6.5 mm long. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 28.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:— Taraxacum pubescens, with T. dissectum, the type of T. sect. Dissecta, as a synonym, does not represent a core taxon of this section. In many respects, particularly in its leaf shape and achene shape, it is similar to T. nobile Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek, a species closer to T. sect. Suavia. The relatively long, greyish achenes, densely hairy leaves and scapes, ovate and broadly whitish bordered outer phyllaries are diagnostic. Taraxacum pubescens, although being closer to T. sect. Dissecta, belongs to an assemblage of forms intermediate between sections Dissecta, Stenoloba and Suavia.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Taraxacum pubescens is known from the SW. vicinity of Lake Baikal and the upper Lena River, and from several localities in Mongolia, and grows on dry steppe or secondary steppe slopes.</p> <p>Specimens examined:—[RUSSIA] “ Leontodon dissectus mihi” E Sibiria ad Lenam ded. am. [dedit amicus] Tilesius, Petrop. [Petropoli] 1813 [written by C. F. Ledebour] (LE, no. det. 6132, residual syntype). – “ Leontodon dissectus mihi” ad Lenam Sibiriae [written by C. F. Ledebour] (LE!, photo PRA). – “ad fl. Lenam”, [Tilesius], (originally B, photo deposited in S, and a separate capitulum, S 13–4553!). – Oz. Baikal, zapadnoe poberezh’e, 53º s. sh. [W. shore of Lake Baikal, 53º N], Улус [= Ulus, camp, aul, settlement] Tagota [Tagot settlement], sukhoi lug [a dry meadow], 21 Jun 1928, V. N. Sukachev, K. A. Rassadina &amp; N. A. Bryzzhev 321 (LE, no. det. 6131). – Republic of Buryatia, village of Petropavlovka, near the Dzhida River, 5 Jun 1965, G. A. Peshkova &amp; Skudenkova (NSK 0071828, photo!). – <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.05/lat 43.6)">Baikal Lake Region</a>, “Balagavische Steppe, Mamurka”, May 1901, A. K. Cajander (S, no. det. 9250). – Baikal, W. shore between 53º and 55º N, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.05/lat 43.6)">Ol’khonskie Vorota</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.05/lat 43.6)">Bukhta Kurvut</a>, 20 Jun 1928, V. N. Sukachev, K. A. Rassadina &amp; N. A. Bryzzhev 254 (LE, no. det. 7924). – <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.05/lat 43.6)">Irkutsk Governorate</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.05/lat 43.6)">Verkholenskiy District</a> (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.05/lat 43.6)">Uezd</a>), around the village of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.05/lat 43.6)">Kachug</a>, 3 Jul 1909, W. P. Drobow (LE, no. det. 8180). – MONGOLIA. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.05/lat 43.6)">Northern Mongolia</a>, steppe slopes E. of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.05/lat 43.6)">Tarialan village</a> [ca. 49°37’ N, 101°59’ E] (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.05/lat 43.6)">Tarjalang</a>, between townships of Bulgan and <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.05/lat 43.6)">Muren</a>), 1200–1300 m, 13 Aug 1965, M. Deyl &amp; J. Soják, Iter Mongolicum 1965, no. 3323 (PR, no. det. 33599). – <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.05/lat 43.6)">Northern Mongolia</a>, in the city of Ulanbatar (Ulan-Bator), ruderal and steppe sites along the river, ca. 1300 m, 1 Sep 1966, J. Soják &amp; V. Vašák 9025 (PR, no. det. 33595). – <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.05/lat 43.6)">Southern Mongolia</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.05/lat 43.6)">Gobi Altai</a>, Gurvan-Sajchan-úl (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.05/lat 43.6)">Gurvan-Sajchan</a>) Mts., ca. 25–40 km west of the township of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.05/lat 43.6)">Dalan-Zadgad</a>, ca. 43°36’ N, 103°50’– 104°03’ E, meadows along a brook, 1600–2800 m, 25 Aug 1966, J. Soják &amp; V. Vašák 8113 (PR, no. det. 33597).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFCEFF9EFF01365E54E8FCD6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFDBFF8BFF013590550AFBCE.text	4542953CFFDBFF8BFF013590550AFBCE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum scalariferum Kirschner & Stepanek 2023	<div><p>19. Taraxacum scalariferum Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek, sp. nov.</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA, Irkutsk Region] Urbs Irkutsk, lacus Bajkal, pagus Listvjanka, in decl. stepposis supra portum in pago Listvjanka, 26 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek, cultivated as JŠ 2547 (PRA, no. det. 35852, holotype; isotype: PRA, no. det. 36677).</p> <p>Etymology:—Bearing leaves with a shape of a ladder.</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Species distincta, notis sequentibus dignoscenda, praesertim phyllariis exterioribus numerosis adpressis, plerumque anguste lanceolatis vel lanceolatis, marginibus invisibilibus, ad 0.1 mm latis, dense ciliatis, stigmatibus pallidis, acheniis brevibus necnon pyramide brevi, 0.5–0.7 mm longa.</p> <p>Plants small, usually to 10 cm tall. Petiole narrow, unwinged, suffused brownish purple, usually sparsely arachnoid; plant base with ± dense whitish hairs, tunic ± developed. Leaves mid-green, not spotted nor blotched, often very narrowly bordered dark purplish, middle ones subglabrous, inner ones ± sparsely arachnoid, ± linear-oblong in outline, usually 5–8.5 × 1.2–1.9 cm, ± regularly pinnatisect, with 4–5 (6) pairs of linear, linear-triangular, or narrowly triangular, ± patent short lateral segments, with distal margin straight to concave (in segments with a dilated base), entire or with remote minute teeth, proximal margin straight, usually entire; interlobes distinct, narrow, entire or with 1 (–2) teeth; terminal segment ± tripartite, entire, basal lobules patent; mid-vein usually suffused purplish. Scape usually suffused brownish purple, arachnoid, ± overtopping leaves. Capitulum yellow, 2.5–3.5 cm wide. Involucre ± dark olivaceousgreen, usually 8–9 mm wide and broadly rounded at base. Outer phyllaries 14–17, appressed, ± not imbricate, narrowly lanceolate, lanceolate, rarely linear-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 6–7.5 × 2.1–3.2 mm, surface evenly olivaceousgreen, distally darker and suffused dirty purplish, border almost invisible, membranous, to ca. 0.1 mm wide, margin densely ciliate, apex flat to ± callose. Outer ligules flat, striped faintly greyish outside, inner ligule teeth deep yellow or dirty yellow. Stigmas very light discoloured, slightly greyish yellow to almost yellow, usually almost without pubescence, or with a very short hyaline to light greyish pubescence outside. Pollen present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes light greyish stramineous-brown, 2.8–3.3 × 0.7–0.8 mm, body subsparsely spinulose and squamulose in upper 1/4–1/3, spinules and squamules ± short, erect-patent, body subgradually narrowing into subcylindrical cone 0.5–0.7 mm long, 0.25–0.30 mm thick at the base, 0.20–0.25 mm distally; beak 6–7 mm long, pappus yellowish white, ca. 6 mm long. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 21.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:— Taraxacum scalariferum is in some respects quite close to T. sect. Borealia Handel-Mazzetti (1907: xi), particularly in the general habit, the shape, number and coloration of outer phyllaries, and in achene colour. Taraxacum scalariferum has flat, not horned outer phyllaries, short achenes with a short beak, pale stigmas, and densely ciliate outer phyllaries.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Taraxacum scalariferum is known from a single macrolocality in the vicinity of the village of Listvyanka, near the origin of Angara R., above Lake Baikal. It grows on substeppe slopes.</p> <p>Specimens examined:—[Irkutskaya oblast] City of Irkutsk, Baikal Lake, village of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.86667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.86667/lat 51.85)">Listvyanka</a>, steppe slopes above the port in the village [ca. 51° 51’ N, 104° 52’ E, ca. 500 m a.s.l.], 26 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek, cultivated as JŠ 2547 (PRA, no. det. 36677, with duplicates).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFDBFF8BFF013590550AFBCE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFE1FF8CFF01374857A1FF4A.text	4542953CFFE1FF8CFF01374857A1FF4A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum spadiceum Kirschner & Stepanek	<div><p>15. Taraxacum spadiceum Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek in Ge et al. (2011: 323)</p> <p>Type:— CHINA. Xinjiang, “Tian Shan: praeruptus alveus fluminis Houxia dictus” [a canyon of Houxia River], May 1999, P. Sekerka, D. Y. Zhan &amp; V. Huml s.n., cultivated as JŠ 7381 (PRA, no. det. 36148, holotype; isotype: PRA, no. det. 36150).</p> <p>Etymology:—The name is derived from the deep brown to dark castaneous-brown colour of achenes.</p> <p>Plants small, 8–11 cm tall. Petiole green or purplish brown, narrow, sparsely arachnoid, plant base with tunic; leaf blade mid-green, linear-oblanceolate in outline, 3.5–8 × 0.7–1.3 cm, sparsely arachnoid, deeply pinnatisect, midvein green to pinkish and ± glabrous; lateral lobes 4 or 5 pairs, narrowly triangular to linear-triangular, ca. 5 × 2 mm, patent to subrecurved, distal margin convex or straight and entire or sparsely dentate; interlobes narrow, margin usually denticulate; terminal lobe narrowly triangular to 3-partite, margin entire. Scapes brownish or purplish green, overtopping leaves, sparsely arachnoid. Capitulum yellow, to 2.5 cm wide. Involucre 7–8 mm wide, base rounded. Outer phyllaries 10–13, subimbricate, ovate to broadly ovate, outermost ones (3–) 5–6 × 2.2–4 mm and 1/3–1/2 as long as inner ones, appressed, border distinct, narrow, whitish, ca. 0.1–0.2 mm, margin ciliate, apex ± flat; inner phyllaries 1–1.4 cm, apex blackish callose or flat. Ligules yellow; outer ligules flat, striped purplish grey outside; inner ligules with yellow or grey apical teeth. Stigmas light greyish green. Anthers without pollen. Achenes pure brown or castaneous brown, 3.2–3.8 × 0.7–0.8 mm; body subdensely spinulose in upper ca. 1/4, ± subgradually narrowing into a thin, ± cylindrical cone 0.6–0.8 mm; beak ca. 6 mm; pappus white, 4–5 mm. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 17.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:— Taraxacum pubescens differs from T. spadiceum in fruit colour and in having broadly bordered outer phyllaries. Moreover, most of the other members of T. sect. Dissecta are polliniferous. Taraxacum (Macrocornuta) pawlodarskum from Kazakhstan has a very different leaf shape and fruit colour (see notes on the unclear taxa at the end of the text). Taraxacum obscurum has entire leaf segments and interlobes.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—Known from the eastern Tian Shan, Xinjiang, China. Dry gravelly slopes, dry grasslands, 500–1000 m.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFE1FF8CFF01374857A1FF4A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFE2FFB0FF0133FA5577F857.text	4542953CFFE2FFB0FF0133FA5577F857.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum subcollinum Kirschner & Stepanek 2023	<div><p>13. Taraxacum subcollinum Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek, sp. nov.</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA, Irkutskaya oblast] Sibiria merid., urbs Bratsk, ad ripam sinistram lacus structilis “Bratskoe More”, ca. 10 km situ a vallo, ad marg. partis centralis urbis Bratsk, haud procul a deversorio “Bratsk”, 27–28 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek, cultivated as JŠ 2700 (PRA, no. det. 35967, holotype; isotype: PRA, no. det. 36683).</p> <p>Etymology:—Similar to T. collinum.</p> <p>Exsiccates:— Taraxaca Exs., no. 1372–1375.</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Species notabilis phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus numero 11–13, adpressis, aequabiliter saturate vel obscure olivaceoviridibus, margine inconspicue anguste membranaceis, stigmatibus luteis vel sordide luteis, acheniis pallide griseo-brunneis, 4.2– 4.9 mm longis corpore angusto, superne spinulis et squamulis tricuspidatis conspicuis tecto, in pyramidem anguste cylindricam 1.1–1.3 mm longam sensim transeunte.</p> <p>Plants small, rarely to medium-sized, usually to 10–12 cm tall. Petiole green or purplish, sparsely arachnoid, narrowly winged to winged in at least some leaves, unwinged in the other ones; plant base with yellowish hairs, tunic ± developed. Leaves deep green to mid-green, not spotted, sparsely arachnoid to subglabrous, narrowly oblong-oblanceolate in outline, usually 7–11 × 1.8–3.0 cm, most leaves pinnatisect, but usually some pinnatilobed or undivided, sinuate dentate, with 3–5 pairs of patent, narrowly triangular to linear-triangular lateral segments, distal margin most often concave and entire, sometimes with a basal shallow incision or a tooth, proximal margin straight to subconvex, entire or with one or a few minute teeth; terminal segment ± triangular to tripartite, with basal lobules ± patent, margins usually entire; interlobes variable, narrow in pinnatisect leaves, usually 5–7 × 2–3 mm, to 6–8 mm wide in pinnatilobed leaves, usually with 1–4 little teeth or short lobules, sometimes entire; mid-vein often suffused bronze. Scapes brownish green, arachnoid, equalling, sometimes overtopping leaves. Capitulum yellow, usually 3–3.5 cm wide. Involucre deep olivaceous-green or dark green, usually 8–9 mm wide and broadly rounded at base. Outer phyllaries usually 11–13, appressed, not imbricate, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, usually 5–6.5 × 2.5–3.6 mm, evenly deep olivaceous-green, often with lighter green basal part and darker apical one, sometimes with a visible thin blackish middle line, border indistinct, membranous or greenish membranous, 0.1–0.4 mm wide, margin ciliate to subglabrous, apex flat to minutely dark corniculate; inner phyllaries 13–15 mm, elongating to reach 20 mm after anthesis, ± flat. Outer ligules flat, striped greyish or pinkish grey, inner ligule teeth grey to grey-purple. Stigmas yellow to dirty yellow. Pollen present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes light grey, long and slender, (4.2–) 4.5–4.7 (–4.9) × 0.7–0.9 mm, body covered with long acuminate suberect spinules and tricuspidate squamules in upper 1/4, gradually narrowing into a thin cylindrical cone 1.1–1.3 × 0.2 mm; beak (8–) 9–10 mm, pappus yellowish white, 5–6 mm long. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 15.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:—The long, slender achenes with long suberect spinules and a long, thin, cylindrical cone are unique in T. sect. Dissecta, and could be only compared with those of T. pubescens. Outer phyllaries are ± borderless, and there is a frequent heterophylly.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Taraxacum subcollinum is known from a series of gatherings sampled along the western shore of the Bratsk reservoir, on gravelly and sandy sites, at about 400 m a.s.l.</p> <p>Specimens examined:—[RUSSIA, Irkutskaya oblast] S. Siberia, town of Bratsk, west shore of the “Bratskoe More” reservoir, about 10 km from the dam, margin of town centre, not far from the “Bratsk” hotel, 27–28 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek, cultivated as JŠ 2700 (PRA, no. det. 36683, with duplicates). – S. Siberia, town of Bratsk, west shore of the “Bratskoe More” reservoir, about 10 km from the dam, not far from the “Bratsk” hotel, 27–28 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek, cultivated as JŠ 2579 (PRA, no. det. 36685). – Ibidem, cultivated as JŠ 2699 (PRA, no. det. 36690). – Ibidem, cultivated as JŠ 2701 (PRA, no. det. 36692). – Ibidem, cultivated as JŠ 2581 (PRA, no. det. 36689). – Ibidem, cultivated as JŠ 2580 (PRA, no. det. 36687).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFE2FFB0FF0133FA5577F857	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFD4FF87FF0135BA5537FA7D.text	4542953CFFD4FF87FF0135BA5537FA7D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum subcompactum Kirschner & Stepanek 2023	<div><p>22. Taraxacum subcompactum Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek, sp. nov.</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay] Sibiria austro-occid., montes Altaj, distr. Usť-Ulagan, in locis siccis ad viam publicam haud procul a pago Aktaš, 2 Jul 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JŠ 3367 (PRA, no. det. 35842, holotype; isotype: PRA, no. det. 36688).</p> <p>Etymology:—Similar to T. compactum, or “almost compact”.</p> <p>Exsiccates:— Taraxaca Exs., no. 1368.</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Species in sectione Dissectorum marginalis, petiolis alatis vel late alatis, foliis arachnoideis, vena mediana brunneo-purpurea, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus adpressis, plerumque ovatis, late scarioso-marginatis, acheniis brevibus cinnamomeis vel stramineo-brunneis rubescentibus, pyramide subconica et rostro ad 6.5 mm longo bene dignoscendae.</p> <p>Plants small, rarely to medium-sized, usually 8–12 cm tall. Petioles narrowly winged to ± broadly winged, the innermost ones unwinged, often suffused brownish-purplish, arachnoid; plant base with dense whitish hairs, tunic ± developed. Leaves mid-green to reddish mid-green, arachnoid or sparsely arachnoid, linear-oblanceolate in outline, usually 5– 10 × 1–2.5 cm, pinnatilobed to pinnatipartite, sometimes pinnatisect or undivided, usually with 3–5 pairs of patent, triangular-deltoid to triangular lateral segments, distal margin usually subconcave, less often ± straight or subsigmoid, entire or with a single tooth, proximal margin usually straight, entire, often ± pointing forwards; terminal segment smaller, ± triangular or deltoid, distal margin subconvex to straight, often with 1–2 pairs of symmetrical incisions or small triangular teeth; interlobes short, broad, entire or with 1–2 little teeth; mid-vein often suffused brownishpurplish, sometimes green; usually some outer leaves undivided and densely irregularly dentate, similar to leaves developed after anthesis. Capitulum yellow, ca. 2.5 cm wide. Involucre grey-green, 0.9–1.0 cm wide and rounded at base. Outer phyllaries usually 12–15, appressed, subimbricate, broadly ovate to ovate-lanceolate, usually (5.5–) 6.5–8 (–9) × 2.3–3.6 mm, surface greyish olivaceous-green, deep mid-green or light green, border clearly visible, whitish-membranous, not sharply delimited, 0.4–0.7 (–0.9) mm wide, margin ciliate, apex callose to corniculate; inner phyllaries usually 12–14 mm long, flat to callose. Outer ligules flat, striped dark grey to grey-pink outside, inner ligule teeth dirty purplish. Stigmas light yellowish green. Pollen present, irregular in size. Achenes cinnamon or light reddish stramineous brown, ± robust, ca. 3.2–3.4 × 0.8–0.9 mm, body ± densely spinulose in upper 1/3 (spinules distinct, erectpatent, long), subabruptly narrowing into a thicker, subconical cone 0.6–0.7 mm long, 0.35 mm thick at base, ca. 0.3 mm distally; beak 6.5 mm long, pappus 5 mm long, ± yellowish. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 24, 25.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:—The arachnoid leaves with winged petioles, the broadly bordered ± ovate outer phyllaries, and the cinnamon achenes with a subconical cone are diagnostic. This taxon may be superficially similar to T. compactum, see also notes under the latter name. Taraxacum subcompactum is in many respects similar to T. ceratosectum; its achene size and colour, cone shape and length, the character of achene spinulosity, beak length and petiole width are diagnostic. Taraxacum subcompactum may be considered as a marginal species of T. sect. Dissecta, with some features of T. sect. Borealia.</p> <p>Distributon and ecology:— Taraxacum subcompactum is known from two districts of the Altai Republic (Ongudai and Ulagan Districts) and from the city of Irkutsk. It grows on dry, steppe to semisteppe sites, at ca. (450–) 1000–1800 m a.s.l.</p> <p>Specimens examined:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay] Altai Mts., Usť-Ulagan District, dry sites along the road in the vicinity of Aktash village, ca. 1800 m, 2 Jul 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JŠ 3367 (PRA, no. det. 36688, with duplicates). – Altai Mts., Ongudai District, Khabarovka, between the road and the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.683334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.28333/lat 50.683334)">river Malyy Iľgumeň</a> [ca. 50° 41’ N, 86° 17’ E], 29–30 jun 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JŠ 3337 (PRA, no. det. 36790). – Irkutsk, dry grasslands between the Ushakovka River and the monastery in the periphery of the city, ca. 450 m, 25 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek, cultivated as JŠ 2695 (PRA, no. det. 36952).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFD4FF87FF0135BA5537FA7D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFF6FFA6FF0131585227FE96.text	4542953CFFF6FFA6FF0131585227FE96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum subsucculentum Kirschner & Stepanek 2023	<div><p>1. Taraxacum subsucculentum Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek, sp. nov.</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay] Sibiria austro-occid., montes Altaj, distr. Usť-Kan, secundum viarum ad pedem orient. clausae Jabaganskij Pereval [Altai, Ust-Kan District, along roads at the E. foot of Yabaganskiy Pereval (= Pass)], alt. ca. 1300 m, 27 Jun 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JK 35, collected in 1990 (PRA, no. det. 35980, holotype; isotypes: PRA, no. det. 36399).</p> <p>Etymology:—With slightly thickened (“subsucculent”) leaves.</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Species notabilis petiolis conspicue purpureis angustis, foliis subglabris segmentis patentibus vel subrecurvis late linearibus vel lineari-lingulatis, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus saturate olivaceo-viridibus vel obscure viridibus angustissime inconspicue marginatis, et acheniis rubro-brunneis brevibus crassiusculis, pyramide saepissime subconica crassa et perbrevi.</p> <p>Plants small, usually to 10–12 cm tall. Petiole vivid purple, glabrous or with a few arachnoid hairs, narrow, unwinged or very narrowly winged; plant base with yellowish-brownish hairs, tunic developed. Leaves bright green to midgreen, of somewhat thicker appearance, glabrous or proximally very sparsely arachnoid, narrow, narrowly oblong in outline, usually 5–8 × 1–2.5 cm, pinnatisect, with 3–5 pairs of ± patent or recurved segments, patent segment usually ± linear (or linear-lingulate), distal margin straight to concave, with broader basal part with a single tooth or lobule, proximal margin straight, entire, recurved segments usually triangular or narrowly so, distal margin entire or, in proximal segments, sparsely dentate, ± straight, proximal margin straight, entire; interlobes narrow, usually 1.5–3 mm wide, entire or with a single patent tooth or lobule; terminal segment small, triangular to tripartite, entire or with a single tooth or incision, distal margin concave, basal lobules patent, sometimes ± recurved, proximal margin entire; mid-vein usually purple. Scapes greenish brown-pink, arachnoid or sparsely arachnoid, subequalling leaves. Capitulum lighter than mid-yellow, small, usually 2–2.5 cm wide. Involucre greyish deep green, usually 7–8 mm wide and rounded at base. Outer phyllaries (9) 10–12 (13), appressed, almost not imbricate, ovate to narrowly ovate, usually (5.5–) 6–7.5 (–8.5) × (2.2–) 3–3.7 (–4) mm, surface deep green to dark green, border indistinct, membranous to whitish membranous, 0.1–0.2 (–0.3) mm wide, margin ciliate, at least distally, apical part suffused reddish, apex flat to minutely corniculate; inner phyllaries 12–14 mm long, ± flat. Outer ligules flat, striped slightly pinkish deep grey, inner ligule teeth grey-pink. Stigmas greyish green, with darker pubescence outside. Pollen present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes short but robust, red-brown, (2.9–) 3.2–3.5 (–3.8) × (1.0–) 1.1–1.2 mm, body coarsely, relatively densely spinulose and squamulose in upper 1/3, subabruptly narrowing into a thick ± conical or subconical cone (0.3–) 0.4–0.5 (–0.6) mm long, 0.4–0.5 mm thick at base, 0.3–0.4 mm distally; beak 7.5–8.5 mm long, pappus ± white, 5–6 mm long. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 2.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:—The most peculiar feature of this species is the length and shape of cone (conical, almost as long as broad, usually 0.5 mm long), and the thick and coarsely spinulose achene body. Bright purple petioles and the mid-vein are also conspicuous.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Taraxacum subsucculentum is a widely distributed species known from a series of localities in the Altai Mountains in Russia and from Mongolia. It grows on a wide range of dry, substeppe to semiruderal habitats, also on gravelly substrates along rivers, from ca. 600 m to 1900 m a.s.l.</p> <p>Specimens examined:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay] Altai, Ust-Kan District, along roads at the E. foot of Yabaganskiy Pereval, alt. ca. 1300 m, 27 Jun 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JK 34 (PRA, no. det. 35977). – Ibidem, cultivated as JK 33 (PRA, no. det. 35979). – Altai, Ongudai District, in ruderalized steppe sites in the vicinity of Tuekta [940 m], 29 Jun 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JK 32 (PRA, no. det. 35964). – Altai, Ongudai District, saline meadows in the vicinity of Aktash village, ca. 1800 m, 4–5 Jul 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JK 11 (PRA, no. det. 35966). – Altai, Ongudai District, saline meadows in the vicinity of Aktash village, ca. 1800 m, 4–5 Jul 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JK 10 (PRA, no. det. 35970). – Altai, Kosh-Agach District, valley of the river Chuya, village of Chagan-Uzun, sandy and gravelly sites near the mouth of river Kuyakh-Tonar, ca. 1900 m, 5 Jul 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JK 21 (PRA, no. det. 35968). – Altai, Kosh-Agach District, valley of the river Chuya, village of ChaganUzun, sandy and gravelly sites near the mouth of river Kuyakh-Tonar, ca. 1900 m, 5 Jul 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JŠ 3402 (PRA, no. det. 35972). – MONGOLIA. Central Mongolia, city of Ulan-Bator, dry places at the foot of Mt. Bogd-ul, south of the city, Aug 1990, J. Soják, cultivated as JK 727 (PRA, no. det. 35982). – Ibidem, cultivated as JK 723 (PRA, no. det. 35984). – Ibidem, cultivated as JK 740 (PRA, no. det. 35975).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFF6FFA6FF0131585227FE96	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFE9FFB5FF0135605306FBAB.text	4542953CFFE9FFB5FF0135605306FBAB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum suffocatum Kirschner & Stepanek 2023	<div><p>11. Taraxacum suffocatum Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek, sp. nov.</p> <p>Type:—[MONGOLIA] Mongolia centr.-bor., urbs Ulan-Bator, in siccis ad pedem montis Bogd-ul [city of Ulan-Bator, dry places at the foot of Mt. Bogd-ul, south of the city], Aug 1990, J. Soják, cultivated as JK 730 (PRA, no. det. 35845, holotype; isotype: PRA, no. det. 36637).</p> <p>Etymology:—Suffocated.</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Species foliorum forma Taraxaco tilesiano aemulans sed differt acheniis saturate atro-griseis, pyramide &amp; rostro brevioribus, phyllariis exterioribus pruinosis, paucis, brevioribus, marginibus albidis distinctis 0.2–0.3 mm latis, necnon foliis arachnoideis.</p> <p>Plants small, usually to 8–10 cm tall. Petiole narrow, unwinged, ± densely arachnoid, dark purple; plant base with whitish hairs, tunic developed. Leaves ± greyish mid-green, arachnoid or sparsely arachnoid, not spotted, narrowly oblong in outline, usually 5–9 × 1.1–2.5 cm, with a complicated shape pattern, deeply pinnatisect, lateral segments numerous, 5–8 pairs (or irregularly arranged), patent, less often ± recurved, linear or linear-lingulate (i.e., with a slightly dilated distal part), sometimes also with segment-like lobules, distal margin usually ± straight, entire or with 1–2 minute sub-basal teeth, proximal margin ± straight, usually entire, sometimes with very few minute teeth; terminal segment tripartite, with terminal part linear to linear-triangular or linear-lingulate, entire, basal lobules irregularly patent, linear, entire; interlobes narrow, bordered dark brown-purple, with numerous teeth of variable size and several acute lobules; mid-vein usually suffused purplish. Scapes brownish green, densely arachnoid to arachnoid, ± equalling leaves. Capitulum yellow, 2–2.5 cm wide. Involucre dark grey-green, pruinose, 7–9 mm wide and rounded at base. Outer phyllaries 7–10, appressed, ± not imbricate, ovate to broadly ovate, 5–6.5 × 2.8–4.2 mm, surface pruinose, dark green, distally blackish green and suffused purple, border narrow, sharply delimited, distinct, white, 0.2–0.3 (–0.4) mm wide, margin ± densely ciliate, apex ± flat; inner phyllaries ca. 10 mm long, of ± unequal width, ± flat. Outer ligules flat, striped dark grey-purple outside, inner ligule teeth blackish purple. Stigmas light yellowish green to light greyish. Pollen present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes deep dark grey, sometimes with a slight deep brownish tinge, 3.9–4.1 × 1.0 mm, body ± densely spinulose in upper 1/4, the uppermost spinules 0.2–0.3 mm long, erect-patent to almost subpatent, body subgradually narrowing into a subcylindrical cone (0.7–) 0.8–1.0 × ca. 0.25–0.3 mm, with 1–2 short spinules at base; beak ca. 6 mm long, pappus ca. 5.5 mm long, yellowish white. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 12.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:—Among the species of T. sect. Dissecta treated in the present paper, T. suffocatum is very distinct in having several unique characters: outer phyllaries pruinose, dark to blackish green with a very distinct, narrow white border, achenes dark grey, and leaves with a very complicated shape pattern.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Taraxacum suffocatum is known from a single macrolocality situated on northern lower slopes of the Bogd-ul Range south of the Mongolian capital, Ulan-Bator, on dry, steppe slopes, at about 800– 1000 m a.s.l.</p> <p>Specimens examined:—[MONGOLIA] North-central Mongolia, city of Ulan-Bator, dry places at the foot of Mt. Bogd-ul, south of the city, Aug 1990, J. Soják, cultivated as JK 730 (PRA, no. det. 36637, with duplicates).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFE9FFB5FF0135605306FBAB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFECFFBFFF01328656E0FE4F.text	4542953CFFECFFBFFF01328656E0FE4F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum tilesianum Kirschner & Stepanek 2023	<div><p>7. Taraxacum tilesianum Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek, sp. nov.</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA, Irkutskaya oblast] Sibiria merid., urbs Bratsk, ad ripam sinistram lacus structilis “Bratskoe More”, ca. 10 km situ a vallo, ad marg. partis centralis urbis Bratsk, haud procul a deversorio “Bratsk”, 27–28 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek, cultivated as JŠ 2600 (PRA, no. det. 35965, holotype; isotype: PRA, no. det. 35969).</p> <p>Etymology:—Named after the famous biologist and traveller, W. G. Tilesius von Tilenau, 1769–1857.</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Plantae foliis glabrescentibus dissectissimis, segmentis foliorum lateralibus linearibus vel lineari-lingulatis angustissimis, interlobiis acute lobulatis et dentibus filiformibus praeditis, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus adpressis, ovatis vel ovatolanceolatis, aequabiliter obscure viridibus, marginibus fere invisibilibus membranaceis usque ad 0.1 mm latis, acheniis pallide griseo-stramineis, superne saepe rubescentibus, corpore breviter spinuloso, in pyramidem subcylindricam 0.5–0.7 mm longam sensim transeunte.</p> <p>Plants small, usually to 12 cm tall. Petiole narrow, unwinged, green or ± purplish, subglabrous to very sparsely arachnoid; plant base with tunic, with brownish hairs. Leaves mid-green to greyish green, subglabrous, oblong-linear or linear-oblanceolate in outline, usually 5–9.5 × 1–2.4 cm, deeply dissected into ± linear, acuminate lateral segments and lobulate-dentate interlobes, lateral segments usually 4–6 pairs, linear to linear-lingulate, usually 5–11 mm long, ca. 1–1.3 mm wide in the middle, acute to acuminate, distal margin ± straight to subconcave, sometimes ± dilated at base, often with 1–2 acuminate lobules at base, proximal margin ± straight, entire; terminal lobe tripartite, with short, linear distal lobe and basal lobules; interlobes with acuminate lobules and usually also with a few filiform teeth, dark bordered; mid-vein slightly purplish or light green. Scapes arachnoid, usually brownish green, usually overtopping leaves. Capitulum yellow, usually 2–3 cm wide. Involucre dark green, usually 9–10 mm wide and broadly rounded to subtruncate at base. Outer phyllaries most often 12–15, appressed, subimbricate to not imbricate, ovate to ovatelanceolate, often quite abruptly narrowed in an acuminate tip, usually (6.0–) 6.5–8.5 × (2.5–) 3–3.5 mm, surface evenly dark (± greyish) green, often darker and suffused purplish near apex, border absent or almost invisible, membranous, ca. 0.1 mm wide, margin not ciliate, glabrous, apex ± flat; inner phyllaries 12–14 mm long, flat. Outer ligules flat, striped purplish grey outside, inner ligule teeth ± grey. Stigmas light discoloured, pale greyish yellow or pale greenish yellow, sometimes with sparse greyish pubescence outside. Pollen present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes light grey, often distally with pinkish hue, usually 3.5–4.0 × 0.8–0.9 mm, body subsparsely covered with short erectpatent spinules in upper 1/4 (some spinules often on basal part of the cone), gradually narrowing into a subcylindrical cone 0.5–0.7 × 0.3 mm; beak 7–7.5 mm long, pappus white, ca. 5 mm long. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 8.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:—A combination of ± glabrous, deeply dissected leaves with numerous acute linear lobes and lobules, the borderless glabrous outer phyllaries, and greyish (distally often pinkish) achenes with a body very gradually narrowing into a short cone, clearly distinguishes T. tilesianum from the other members of the section Dissecta.</p> <p>Distribution and ecology:—Known from a single macrolocality situated along the shore of the Bratsk reservoir on the Angara River, at about 400 m a.s.l. It grows on gravelly and sandy open places and adjacent grasslands.</p> <p>Specimens examined:—[RUSSIA, Irkutskaya oblast] S. Siberia, town of Bratsk, west shore of the “Bratskoe More” reservoir, about 10 km from the dam, not far from the “Bratsk” hotel, 27–28 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek, cultivated as JŠ 2600 (PRA, no. det. 35969, with duplicates). – Ibidem, cultivated as JŠ 2599 (PRA, no. det. 36711).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFECFFBFFF01328656E0FE4F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFE8FFBBFF0136CE52A7F8DC.text	4542953CFFE8FFBBFF0136CE52A7F8DC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum trepidans Kirschner & Stepanek 2023	<div><p>10. Taraxacum trepidans Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek, sp. nov.</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay] Sibiria austro-occid., montes Altaj, distr. Ongudaj, in siccis et alluvionibus ad confluentem fl. Katuň et Čuja, 1 Jul 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated from achenes of JŠ 3457 as T 201 (PRA, no. det. 35854, holotype; isotype: PRA, no. det. 36675).</p> <p>Etymology:—Panicking, trembling.</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Species distinctissima foliis subglabris, segmentis lateralibus hamato-triangularibus, phyllariis exterioribus late ovatis usque ovato-lanceolatis, variegatis, limbo distincto albo-membranaceo 0.4–0.6 mm lato in zonam pallidam 0.5–1.0 mm latam gradatim transeunte, stria mediana obscure griseo-olivacea, acheniis pallide brunneis leviter rubescentibus, corpore in pyramidem anguste cylindricam 0.5–0.8 mm longam subabrupte transeunte.</p> <p>Plants small to medium-sized, usually 12–16 cm tall. Petiole usually narrowly winged, deep purple, subglabrous; plant base with ± sparse brownish hairs, tunic developed. Leaves ± mid-green, almost glabrous, oblanceolate in outline, usually 6–9.5 × 1.5–2.5 cm, pinnatisect, with 3–4 (5) pairs of hamate-triangular to hamate-deltoid, recurved to subrecurved lateral segments, distal margin very convex or almost straight, entire or sparsely denticulate, sometimes with a big tooth, proximal margin straight to subconvex, often with a raised margin near segment’s base, usually entire, sometimes with 1–2 minute teeth; interlobes ± broad, usually 4–7 mm wide, usually short, with a single tooth, or a few little teeth, and/or with an acute lobule, often with raised margins; terminal segment triangular to helmet-shaped, often mucronate, usually entire; mid-vein suffused dark purplish. Scape brownish green or pale so, sparsely arachnoid, ± overtopping leaves. Capitulum yellow, 3–3.5 cm wide. Involucre ca. 9 mm wide and rounded at base. Outer phyllaries (10) 12–14 (16), appressed, subimbricate, broadly ovate, ovate or ovate lanceolate, usually 5.8–7.2 × 2.7–3.7 (–5.2) mm, of contrasting colours, with a whitish-membranous border (0.2–) 0.4–0.6 mm wide, distally suffused pinkish, with a gradual transition into a paler, yellow-green zone 0.5–1.0 mm wide and a dark grey-green middle strip, margin ciliate, apex darker, callose, sometimes corniculate; inner phyllaries 11–13 mm long, broad, flat. Ligules flat, striped black or black-purple outside, inner ligule teeth blackish. Stigmas dark discoloured, yellow-green with ± black pubescence outside, sometimes ± light discoloured. Pollen present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes light to medium brownish beige, with a variable density of pinkish tinge distally, 3.5–4.0 × 0.8–0.9 mm, body subdensely spinulose in upper 1/3, spinules medium-sized, erect-patent, distal spinules thicker, body subabruptly narrowing into a ± cylindrical cone 0.5–0.8 × 0.2 mm; beak 8–8.5 mm, pappus ± white, 5.5–6 mm long. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 11.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:—The combination of ovate, broadly bordered outer phyllaries of contrasting colours, leaves with hamate-triangular lateral segments and the peculiar brownish beige achene colour makes T. trepidans one of the most distinctive members of T. sect. Dissecta.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Taraxacum trepidans is known from a series of macrolocalities in Altai Republic, Russia. It grows in a mosaic of gravelly patches, substeppe grasslands with low vegetation coverage and subruderal places.</p> <p>Specimens examined:—[RUSSIA, Respublica Altay] SW. Siberia, Altai, Ongudai District, dry sites and alluvial habitats near the confluence of the rivers <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.683334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.28333/lat 50.683334)">Katun</a> and <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.683334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.28333/lat 50.683334)">Chuya</a> [50°24’02” N, 86°40’25” E, 780–820 m a.s.l.], 1 Jul 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as T 201 (PRA, no. det. 36675, isotype, and duplicates); Ibidem, cultivated as JŠ 3457 (PRA, no. det. 36678). – <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.683334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.28333/lat 50.683334)">Usť-Ulagan District</a>, range of Kuraiskiy Khrebet, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.683334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.28333/lat 50.683334)">Mt. Aktash</a>, 2600–3050 m, 3–4 Jul 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JŠ 3448 (PRA, no. det. 36795). – <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.683334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.28333/lat 50.683334)">Ongudai District</a>, Khabarovka, between the road and the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.683334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.28333/lat 50.683334)">river Malyy Iľgumeň</a> [ca. 50° 41’ N, 86° 17’ E], 29–30 Jun 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JŠ 3337 (PRA, no. det. 36793). – <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.683334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.28333/lat 50.683334)">Kosh-Agach District</a>, valley of the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.683334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.28333/lat 50.683334)">river Chuya</a>, village of Chagan-Uzun, sandy and gravelly sites near the mouth of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.683334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.28333/lat 50.683334)">river Kuyakh-Tonar</a>, ca. 1900 m, 5 Jul 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as T 18 (PRA, no. det. 35789); Ibidem, cultivated as T 26 (PRA, no. det. 36787). – <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=86.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.683334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 86.28333/lat 50.683334)">Ust-Kan District</a>, along roads at the E. foot of Yabaganskiy Pereval (= Pass)], alt. ca. 1300 m, 27 Jun 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JK 69 (PRA, no. det. 36785).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFE8FFBBFF0136CE52A7F8DC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFC3FF91FF0131C052AFFB36.text	4542953CFFC3FF91FF0131C052AFFB36.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum ustkanense M. S. Ivanova 2011	<div><p>Taraxacum ustkanense M. S. Ivanova (2011: 9)</p> <p>≡ Taraxacum rupestre Krasnikov (1997: 291), nom. illeg.</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA] the Altai, Biisk District, in the vicinity of the village of Srostki, 11 Jul 1983, A. Krasnikov (NS, holotype, currently missing); the holotype proved to be triploid, with 2n=24 (Krasnikov, loc. cit.).</p> <p>Main diagnostic features that can be derived from the description and the figure include relatively large, 4–5 mm long (including cone), red-brown achenes, relatively short outer phyllaries, and leaves with a relatively simple shape pattern.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFC3FF91FF0131C052AFFB36	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFCAFF98FF01301E5222F8A7.text	4542953CFFCAFF98FF01301E5222F8A7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum vadosum Kirschner & Stepanek 2023	<div><p>27. Taraxacum vadosum Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek, sp. nov.</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA, Irkutskaya oblast] Sibiria merid., urbs Bratsk, ad ripam sinistram lacus structilis “Bratskoe More”, ca. 10 km situ a vallo, ad marg. partis centralis urbis Bratsk, haud procul a deversorio “Bratsk”, 27–28 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek, cultivated as JŠ 2575 (PRA, no. det. 35850, holotype; isotypi: PRA, no. det. 36680).</p> <p>Etymology:—With shallows.</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Species insignis foliis glaucescentibus, petiolis anguste alatis, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus laxe adpressis usque erecto-patentibus, lanceolatis, marginibus latis sed inconspicuis, apice saepe corniculatis, acheniis pallide brunneis, pallide cinnamomeo-badiis vel pallide fulvo-brunneis, et pyramide brevi, subcylindrica.</p> <p>Plants small to medium-sized, 7–13 cm tall. Petiole usually narrowly winged, green or purplish, arachnoid; plant base with dense yellowish hairs, tunic developed. Leaves greyish green to mid-green, sparsely arachnoid, narrowly oblong in outline, 6–11 × 1.5–2.8 cm, with heterophyly; some leaves undivided, dentate to sinuate-dentate, rarely some pinnatisect leaves with 4–6 pairs of dense, recurved narrowly triangular, acuminate to acute, denticulate lateral segments, most leaves pinnatisect to pinnatifid, with 3–4 pairs of ± patent or less often recurved, narrowly triangular to narrowly deltoid, distal margin straight to subconcave, sometimes sigmoid, most often with several little teeth, proximal margin usually ± straight, entire; terminal segment triangular to almost tripartite, usually ± entire, or with a deep incision, or with a single little tooth, basal lobules ± patent, sometimes subrecurved; interlobes often broad to 3–5 mm wide, entire or denticulate, often with a brown-purple patch on interlobe surface; mid-vein most often suffused purplish brown. Scapes brownish to purplish green, ± sparsely arachnoid, overtopping leaves. Capitulum yellow, 2.5–3.5 cm wide. Involucre ± olivaceous-green, usually 9–10 mm wide and broadly rounded at base. Outer phyllaries (12) 13–16 (17), loosely appressed, erect to erect-patent, not imbricate, ± lanceolate, 8–10 (–11) × (2.0–) 2.6–3.2 (–4.2) mm, border not conspicuous, ± membranous, sometimes whitish-membranous or greenish-membranous, 0.5–0.8 (– 1.0) mm wide, with a ± gradual transition into the greyish deep olivaceous-green middle part with apical part suffused pinkish, margin ciliate, apex ± corniculate to callose. Outer ligules flat, striped greyish outside, inner ligule teeth dirty yellow. Stigmas light greenish yellow to dirty yellow. Pollen present, pollen grains slightly irregular in size. Achenes light brown or light fulvous-brown to light cinnamon-brown, 3.7–4.1 × 0.8–0.9 mm, body densely spinulose in upper 1/3, subgradually to subabruptly narrowing into subcylindrical cone (0.5–) 0.6–0.8 (–0.9) × ca. 0.3 mm; beak 7–8 mm, pappus 5–6 mm, yellowish white. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 30.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:— Taraxacum vadosum, although a member of T. sect. Dissecta, exhibits some features of T. sect. Borealia, for instance the leaf shape, and posture, shape and coloration of outer phyllaries. It is distinct in its peculiar achene colour, ± cylindrical cone shape, heterophyllous leaf shape pattern and subappressed to erect-patent, lanceolate outer phyllaries.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Taraxacum vadosum is known from a single macrolocality along the western shore of the Bratsk Reservoirs, growing in sparse grasslands and sandy to gravelly sites at about 400 m a.s.l.</p> <p>Specimens examined:—[RUSSIA, Irkutskaya oblast] S. Siberia, town of Bratsk, west shore of the “Bratskoe More” reservoir, about 10 km from the dam, not far from the “Bratsk” hotel, 27–28 Oct 1985, J. Kirschner &amp; J. Štěpánek, cultivated as JŠ 2575 (PRA, no. det. 36680, with numerous duplicates).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFCAFF98FF01301E5222F8A7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFCCFF98FF01317655BAFE4E.text	4542953CFFCCFF98FF01317655BAFE4E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum varians Kirschner & Stepanek 2023	<div><p>26. Taraxacum varians Kirschner &amp; Štěpánek, sp. nov.</p> <p>Type:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay] Sibiria austro-occid., montes Altaj, distr. Koš-Agač, in valle fl. Čuja, ad ostium fl. Tjurguň [SW. Siberia, the Altai Mts., Kosh-Agach District, valley of Chuya River, near the confluence with Tyurgun’ River], 5 Jul 1988, J. Kirschner, cultivated from achenes of JŠ 3403 as T 209 (PRA, no. det. 35974, holotype; isotypes: PRA, no. det. 36631).</p> <p>Etymology:—Varying, variegate, fluctuasting.</p> <p>Exsiccates:— Taraxaca Exs., no. 1354–1355.</p> <p>Diagnosis:—Species distincta foliis pinnatisectis, lobis lateralibus numerosis, utroque latere numero 5–8, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus erectis vel erecto-patentibus marginibus pallidis latis, necnon acheniis rubro-brunneis, corpore in pyramidem subcylindricam, saepissime 0.8–0.9 mm longam subsensim transeunte.</p> <p>Plants medium-sized, sometimes small, usually to 15 cm tall. Petiole light brownish pink or only bordered pink, short, unwinged to narrowly winged; plant base with dense light brownish hairs, tunic ± developed. Leaves numerous, slightly greyish mid-green, not spotted, sparsely arachnoid beneath, later ± glabrescent, linear-elliptic in outline, usually 7–12 × 1.5–2.5 cm, pinnatisect, with 5–8 pairs of patent, less often subrecurved, relatively short, usually narrowly triangular, less often deltoid-triangular or linear-triangular lateral segments 0.7–1.2 cm long, distal margin usually straight, sometimes subconcave, usually with one or several little teeth, often also with an acute lobule in the angle between the segment and the distal interlobe, proximal margin ± straight, entire, seldom with a single little tooth, apex acute; terminal segment triangular to subtripartite, relatively short, distal margins straight to subconcave, entire or with a sigle distinct tooth or a basal incision, basal lobules patent, proximal margin entire; interlobes usually short, sometimes narrowly bordered purple, entire or with a few little teeth; mid-vein pale green to pinkish. Scapes brownish green, arachnoid to sparsely so, ± equalling leaves. Capitulum yellow, 2.5–3.5 cm wide. Involucre slightly greyish deep green, usually 8–9 mm wide and broadly rounded at base. Outer phyllaries usually 13–16, ± not imbricate, most often erect to erect-patent, some patent to arcuate-patent, of variable shape, usually lanceolate, but some (the innermost ones) sometimes linear to linear lanceolate, usually 8–9.5 (–10) × (1.2–) 2.5–3.5 mm, abaxially deep green with a greyish hue, with a usually distinct whitish-membranous border (0.2–) 0.3–0.4 (–0.5) mm wide, and an adjacent paler zone up to 1 mm wide, margin initially ciliate, later usually glabrescent, apical part often suffused pinkish, apex flat, callose or corniculate; inner phyllaries usually 13–15 mm long, often corniculate. Outer ligules flat, usually striped deep greenish grey, sometimes purplish grey, inner ligule teeth grey-purple. Stigmas light greenish with grey pubescence outside. Pollen present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes red-brown, usually 3.5–3.7 × 0.7–0.8 mm, body subdensely shortly spinulose/squamulose in upper 1/4, subgradually narrowing into a subcylindrical cone 0.8–0.9 (–1.1) mm long, 0.3 mm thick at base, ca. 0.25 mm distally; beak 7.5–8 mm, pappus ± white, 5–5.5 mm long. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 29.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:—Among members of T. sect. Dissecta, T. varians is distinct in its relatively robust growth, numerous leaf lateral segments, outer phyllaries not appressed, of a relatively narrow shape, and distinctly pale bordered. The size, spinulosity and cone length of achenes appear to be relatively variable (Fig. 29 B).</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:—It is known from the Altai Mts., from several sites in the valley of the Chuya River in Ust-Ulagan District and the western part of Koch-Agach District. It grows on gravelly and sandy alluvial sites along rivers and at disturbed, dry sites in the village vicinity, usually between 1700 and 1900 m a.s.l.</p> <p>Specimens examined:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay] Altai, Ust-Ulagan District, dry sites along the road near the village of Aktash, 2 Jul 1988, J. Kirschner 206, cultivated from achenes of JŠ 3368 as T 206 (PRA, no. det. 35976). – Ibidem, J. Kirschner, cultivated as JŠ 3368 (PRA, no. det. 35978).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFCCFF98FF01317655BAFE4E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
4542953CFFC2FF91FF0132865520FC8A.text	4542953CFFC2FF91FF0132865520FC8A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Taraxacum zermattense Dahlstedt 1907	<div><p>30. Taraxacum zermattense Dahlstedt (1907: 19)</p> <p>Type indication:—[SWITZERLAND] “in Helvetia ad Zermatt (Cant. Wallis) in Gornergrat loco aprico in solo subdenudato, lapidoso, subsicco regionis alpinae inf. ubi anno 1893 medio mensis Julii plantas fructiferas inveni”</p> <p>Type:— SWITZERLAND. Stockh.: Bergianska trädg. odl. af fr. från Schw.: Zermatt [Stockholm, Bergian Botanical Garden, cultivated from achenes from Zermatt, Switzerland], (1) 3 May 1902, (2) May 1904 [plants on the herbarium sheet not numbered], H. Dahlstedt (S 13-8378, no. det. 9262, syntype); Ibidem, 25 May 1896, H. Dahlstedt (S 13-8376, no. det. 9265, syntype); 29 May 1901, 1904 (achenes), H. Dahlstedt (S 13-8329, no. det. 9229, syntype); 20 May 1900, H. Dahlstedt (S 13-8379, no. det. 9263, syntype).</p> <p>Etymology:—Zermatt, a township in Canton Valais (Wallis), Switzerland.</p> <p>Exsiccates:— Taraxaca Exs., no. 1098.</p> <p>Plants relatively small, usually up to 12 cm tall. Petiole narrow, unwinged, usually pale green, sometimes ± brownish green; plant base with tunic, with yellowish hairs among petiole bases. Leaves subglabrous, relatively light greyish green, narrowly oblong to narrowly oblanceolate in outline, usually 5–10 × 1.5–2.5 cm, pinnatisect, with ca. 4–6 pairs of patent or hamate-subrecurved linear-triangular or linear-deltoid lateral segments, with distal and proximal margins usually ± straight (in subrecurved segments distal margin convex, proximal concave), most often with a few little acute teeth, sometimes entire; terminal segment usually trilobed, terminal part usually ± elongated, often denticulate, basal lobules narrowly triangular, patent; interlobes usually narrow, with patent, irregular teeth and lobules; midvein usually pale greenish, sometimes proximally brownish green. Scapes distally sparsely arachnoid to arachnoid, otherwise almost glabrous, green, often suffused purplish, ± overtopping inflorescence. Capitulum ± light yellow, ca. 2.5–3 cm wide. Involucre deep olivaceous-green, 7.5–8 mm wide and broadly rounded at base. Outer phyllaries 12–15 (17), ovate, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, subimbricate, usually 4.3–4.8 (–6) × 2.2–2.8 mm, with middle strip dark grey-olivaceous, ca. 1 mm wide, with a gradual transition in a paler membranous-green zone 0.5–0.8 mm wide and a distinct, whitish border 0.3–0.4 mm wide, surface often later darkening, margin distally ciliate, apex usually callose to corniculate, suffused blackish olivaceous-purple; inner phyllaries ca. 10–12 mm long, flat to corniculate. Outer ligules flat, striped deep grey-purple outside, ligule teeth usually deep grey. Stigmas discoloured. Pollen absent. Achenes greyish light brown, ca. 4.0–4.5 × 0.7–0.9 mm, body ± densely, shortly spinulose in upper 1/4–1/3, ± gradually narrowing into a ± cylindrical cone 0.7–1.0 mm long; beak 6.5–7.5 mm long, pappus ± white, ca. 5 mm long. – 2n=32, fide Krahulcová (1993: 293). –Agamosperm. – Fig. 35.</p> <p>Diagnostic notes:—In its general habit, T. zermattense approaches T. aquilonare and T. ledebourii. The following combination of characters seems to be diagnostic: Achenes greyish light brown, ± densely spinulose above, pollen absent, outer phyllaries ± appressed, with a variably broad but distinct pale border, achenes relatively thin, beak shorter than 8 mm, cone cylindrical, 0.7–1 mm long.</p> <p>Distribution and habitat:— Taraxacum zermattense is known to occur in Switzerland and France, in relatively dry sites of inner Alpine valleys, usually on limestone rocky and gravelly slopes with shallow soils, most often between 1800 and 2500 m.</p> <p>Selected specimens examined:— SWITZERLAND. Wallis, Zermatt, Sunnegga, 2285 m, 26 Jul 1972, J. L. van Soest 43 (L, no. det. 21364). – Zermatt, Blauherd, 2500 m, 26 Jul 1972, V. J. van Vossen &amp; J. L. van Soest 60 (L, no. det. 21366). – Zermatt, Tuftern, 2350 m, 26 Jul 1972, J. L. van Soest 54 (L, no. det. 24016). – Switzerland, summit area of Mt. Seehorn, near Simplon Ridge, 2450 m, 29 Jul 1906, H. Handel-Mazzetti (W, no. det. 20854; WU, no. det. 21868). – Graubünden, Lukmanier Pass, S side, 18 Jul 1984, W. Trepp (ZT, no. det. 24934). – Wallis, Zermatt, Berghaus Trift, 2320 m, 6 Jul 1987, E. Albertshofer (PRA, no. det. 33590).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4542953CFFC2FF91FF0132865520FC8A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kirschner, Jan;Štěpánek, Jan	Kirschner, Jan, Štěpánek, Jan (2023): A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia. Phytotaxa 590 (1): 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
