taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
03B51633FF9FFFC15FFB5B8902EBFDA6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7801110/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801110	FIGURE 1. Male habitus of Lucanus species. A–B, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (33.3 mm, holotype, large sized, Kunming, Yunnan); C–D, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (31.3 mm, medium sized, Gongshan, Yunnan); E–F, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (29.2 mm, small sized, Huidong, Sichuan); G–H, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (41.9 mm, small sized, Mabian, Sichuan). A, C, E, G, dorsal view; B, D, F, H, ventral view. Scale bar = 10.0 mm.	FIGURE 1. Male habitus of Lucanus species. A–B, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (33.3 mm, holotype, large sized, Kunming, Yunnan); C–D, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (31.3 mm, medium sized, Gongshan, Yunnan); E–F, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (29.2 mm, small sized, Huidong, Sichuan); G–H, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (41.9 mm, small sized, Mabian, Sichuan). A, C, E, G, dorsal view; B, D, F, H, ventral view. Scale bar = 10.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF9FFFC15FFB5B8902EBFDA6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7814599/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814599	FIGURE 2. Male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); M–R, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); S–X, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	FIGURE 2. Male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); M–R, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); S–X, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF9FFFC15FFB5B8902EBFDA6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7814603/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814603	FIGURE 3. Male abdominal tergite 8 (A, E, I, M), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, F, J, N) and abdominal segment 9 (C–D, G–H, K–L, O–P) of Lucanus species. A–D, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); E–H, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); I–L, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); M–P, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, D, E, H, I, L, M, P, dorsal view; B–C, F–G, J–K, N–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	FIGURE 3. Male abdominal tergite 8 (A, E, I, M), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, F, J, N) and abdominal segment 9 (C–D, G–H, K–L, O–P) of Lucanus species. A–D, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); E–H, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); I–L, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); M–P, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, D, E, H, I, L, M, P, dorsal view; B–C, F–G, J–K, N–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF9FFFC15FFB5B8902EBFDA6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7814605/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814605	FIGURE 6. Female head (A, G, I, O), clypeolabrum (B, J, P), canthus (C, H, K, Q) and tibia (D–F, L–N, R–T) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–H (refer to p. 22 in Huang & Chen, 2017; Gongshan, Yunnan); I–N, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); O–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	FIGURE 6. Female head (A, G, I, O), clypeolabrum (B, J, P), canthus (C, H, K, Q) and tibia (D–F, L–N, R–T) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–H (refer to p. 22 in Huang & Chen, 2017; Gongshan, Yunnan); I–N, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); O–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF9FFFC15FFB5B8902EBFDA6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7814609/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814609	FIGURE 9. Variation of male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (paratypes, Kunming, Yunnan) in dorsal view. A–F, small sized; G–X, medium sized. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	FIGURE 9. Variation of male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (paratypes, Kunming, Yunnan) in dorsal view. A–F, small sized; G–X, medium sized. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF9FFFC15FFB5B8902EBFDA6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7814613/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814613	FIGURE 10. Male abdominal tergite 8 (A, I, Q), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, J, R), abdominal segment 9 (C–D, K–L, S–T) and aedeagus (E–H, M–P, U–X) of Lucanus jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (paratypes, Kunming, Yunnan). A, D, G, I, L, O, Q, T, W, dorsal view; B–C, E–F, J–K, M–N, R–S, U–V, ventral view; H, P, X, lateral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	FIGURE 10. Male abdominal tergite 8 (A, I, Q), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, J, R), abdominal segment 9 (C–D, K–L, S–T) and aedeagus (E–H, M–P, U–X) of Lucanus jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (paratypes, Kunming, Yunnan). A, D, G, I, L, O, Q, T, W, dorsal view; B–C, E–F, J–K, M–N, R–S, U–V, ventral view; H, P, X, lateral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF9FFFC15FFB5B8902EBFDA6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7801114/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801114	FIGURE 4. Aedeagus of Lucanus species (H, L, P, T, apex of flagellum). A, E–H, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); B, I–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); C, M–P, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); D, Q–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). F, J, N, R, dorsal view; A–D, E, I, M, Q, ventral view; G, K, O, S, lateral view. Scale bar for H, L, P, T = 0.2 mm, for the others = 1.0 mm.	FIGURE 4. Aedeagus of Lucanus species (H, L, P, T, apex of flagellum). A, E–H, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); B, I–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); C, M–P, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); D, Q–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). F, J, N, R, dorsal view; A–D, E, I, M, Q, ventral view; G, K, O, S, lateral view. Scale bar for H, L, P, T = 0.2 mm, for the others = 1.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF9FFFC15FFB5B8902EBFDA6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7801122/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801122	FIGURE 8. Variation of male habitus of Lucanus jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (27.3–31.0 mm, paratypes, Kunming, Yunnan) in dorsal view. A, small sized; B–D, medium sized. Scale bar = 10.0 mm.	FIGURE 8. Variation of male habitus of Lucanus jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (27.3–31.0 mm, paratypes, Kunming, Yunnan) in dorsal view. A, small sized; B–D, medium sized. Scale bar = 10.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF9FFFC15FFB5B8902EBFDA6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7801118/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801118	FIGURE 5. Female habitus of Lucanus species. A–B, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (24.8 mm, paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); C–D, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (27.4 mm, Huidong, Sichuan); E–F, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (35.0 mm, Mabian, Sichuan). A, C, E, dorsal view; B, D, F, ventral view. Scale bar = 10.0 mm.	FIGURE 5. Female habitus of Lucanus species. A–B, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (24.8 mm, paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); C–D, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (27.4 mm, Huidong, Sichuan); E–F, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (35.0 mm, Mabian, Sichuan). A, C, E, dorsal view; B, D, F, ventral view. Scale bar = 10.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF9FFFC15FFB5B8902EBFDA6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7801120/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801120	FIGURE 7. Female abdominal tergite 8 (A, F, K), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, G, L) and genitalia (C, H, M) including details of hemisternite (D, I, N), spermatheca and spermathecal gland (E, J, O) of Lucanus species. A–E, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); F–J, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); K–O, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, F, K, dorsal view; B–E, G–J, L–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	FIGURE 7. Female abdominal tergite 8 (A, F, K), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, G, L) and genitalia (C, H, M) including details of hemisternite (D, I, N), spermatheca and spermathecal gland (E, J, O) of Lucanus species. A–E, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); F–J, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); K–O, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, F, K, dorsal view; B–E, G–J, L–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF9FFFC15FFB5B8902EBFDA6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7801124/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801124	FIGURE 11. Natural habitat and living individual of Lucanus jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species. A, natural habitat in Jiaozishan National Nature Reserve, Kunming, Yunnan, alt. 2900 m; B, living individual (holotype) in dorsal view.	FIGURE 11. Natural habitat and living individual of Lucanus jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species. A, natural habitat in Jiaozishan National Nature Reserve, Kunming, Yunnan, alt. 2900 m; B, living individual (holotype) in dorsal view.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF93FFC15FFB5D710375F9EC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7801110/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801110	FIGURE 1. Male habitus of Lucanus species. A–B, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (33.3 mm, holotype, large sized, Kunming, Yunnan); C–D, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (31.3 mm, medium sized, Gongshan, Yunnan); E–F, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (29.2 mm, small sized, Huidong, Sichuan); G–H, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (41.9 mm, small sized, Mabian, Sichuan). A, C, E, G, dorsal view; B, D, F, H, ventral view. Scale bar = 10.0 mm.	FIGURE 1. Male habitus of Lucanus species. A–B, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (33.3 mm, holotype, large sized, Kunming, Yunnan); C–D, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (31.3 mm, medium sized, Gongshan, Yunnan); E–F, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (29.2 mm, small sized, Huidong, Sichuan); G–H, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (41.9 mm, small sized, Mabian, Sichuan). A, C, E, G, dorsal view; B, D, F, H, ventral view. Scale bar = 10.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF93FFC15FFB5D710375F9EC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7814599/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814599	FIGURE 2. Male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); M–R, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); S–X, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	FIGURE 2. Male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); M–R, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); S–X, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF93FFC15FFB5D710375F9EC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7814603/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814603	FIGURE 3. Male abdominal tergite 8 (A, E, I, M), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, F, J, N) and abdominal segment 9 (C–D, G–H, K–L, O–P) of Lucanus species. A–D, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); E–H, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); I–L, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); M–P, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, D, E, H, I, L, M, P, dorsal view; B–C, F–G, J–K, N–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	FIGURE 3. Male abdominal tergite 8 (A, E, I, M), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, F, J, N) and abdominal segment 9 (C–D, G–H, K–L, O–P) of Lucanus species. A–D, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); E–H, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); I–L, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); M–P, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, D, E, H, I, L, M, P, dorsal view; B–C, F–G, J–K, N–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF93FFC15FFB5D710375F9EC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7814605/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814605	FIGURE 6. Female head (A, G, I, O), clypeolabrum (B, J, P), canthus (C, H, K, Q) and tibia (D–F, L–N, R–T) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–H (refer to p. 22 in Huang & Chen, 2017; Gongshan, Yunnan); I–N, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); O–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	FIGURE 6. Female head (A, G, I, O), clypeolabrum (B, J, P), canthus (C, H, K, Q) and tibia (D–F, L–N, R–T) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–H (refer to p. 22 in Huang & Chen, 2017; Gongshan, Yunnan); I–N, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); O–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF93FFC15FFB5D710375F9EC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7801126/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801126	FIGURE 12. A small sized male of Lucanus boileaui Planet, 1897 (42.3 mm, Emeishan, Sichuan). A–B, habitus; C, abdominal tergite 8; D, abdominal ventrite 8; E–F, abdominal segment 9; G–J, aedeagus; K, apex of flagellum. A, C, F, I, dorsal view; B, D–E, G–H, ventral view; J, lateral view. Scale bar for A–B = 10.0 mm, for C–J = 1.0 mm, for K = 0.2 mm.	FIGURE 12. A small sized male of Lucanus boileaui Planet, 1897 (42.3 mm, Emeishan, Sichuan). A–B, habitus; C, abdominal tergite 8; D, abdominal ventrite 8; E–F, abdominal segment 9; G–J, aedeagus; K, apex of flagellum. A, C, F, I, dorsal view; B, D–E, G–H, ventral view; J, lateral view. Scale bar for A–B = 10.0 mm, for C–J = 1.0 mm, for K = 0.2 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF93FFC15FFB583C0342F83D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7801110/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801110	FIGURE 1. Male habitus of Lucanus species. A–B, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (33.3 mm, holotype, large sized, Kunming, Yunnan); C–D, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (31.3 mm, medium sized, Gongshan, Yunnan); E–F, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (29.2 mm, small sized, Huidong, Sichuan); G–H, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (41.9 mm, small sized, Mabian, Sichuan). A, C, E, G, dorsal view; B, D, F, H, ventral view. Scale bar = 10.0 mm.	FIGURE 1. Male habitus of Lucanus species. A–B, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (33.3 mm, holotype, large sized, Kunming, Yunnan); C–D, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (31.3 mm, medium sized, Gongshan, Yunnan); E–F, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (29.2 mm, small sized, Huidong, Sichuan); G–H, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (41.9 mm, small sized, Mabian, Sichuan). A, C, E, G, dorsal view; B, D, F, H, ventral view. Scale bar = 10.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF93FFC15FFB583C0342F83D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7814599/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814599	FIGURE 2. Male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); M–R, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); S–X, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	FIGURE 2. Male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); M–R, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); S–X, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF93FFC15FFB583C0342F83D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7814603/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814603	FIGURE 3. Male abdominal tergite 8 (A, E, I, M), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, F, J, N) and abdominal segment 9 (C–D, G–H, K–L, O–P) of Lucanus species. A–D, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); E–H, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); I–L, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); M–P, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, D, E, H, I, L, M, P, dorsal view; B–C, F–G, J–K, N–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	FIGURE 3. Male abdominal tergite 8 (A, E, I, M), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, F, J, N) and abdominal segment 9 (C–D, G–H, K–L, O–P) of Lucanus species. A–D, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); E–H, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); I–L, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); M–P, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, D, E, H, I, L, M, P, dorsal view; B–C, F–G, J–K, N–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF93FFC15FFB583C0342F83D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7814605/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814605	FIGURE 6. Female head (A, G, I, O), clypeolabrum (B, J, P), canthus (C, H, K, Q) and tibia (D–F, L–N, R–T) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–H (refer to p. 22 in Huang & Chen, 2017; Gongshan, Yunnan); I–N, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); O–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	FIGURE 6. Female head (A, G, I, O), clypeolabrum (B, J, P), canthus (C, H, K, Q) and tibia (D–F, L–N, R–T) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–H (refer to p. 22 in Huang & Chen, 2017; Gongshan, Yunnan); I–N, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); O–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF8FFFDE5FFB58EC0572FDA7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7801110/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801110	FIGURE 1. Male habitus of Lucanus species. A–B, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (33.3 mm, holotype, large sized, Kunming, Yunnan); C–D, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (31.3 mm, medium sized, Gongshan, Yunnan); E–F, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (29.2 mm, small sized, Huidong, Sichuan); G–H, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (41.9 mm, small sized, Mabian, Sichuan). A, C, E, G, dorsal view; B, D, F, H, ventral view. Scale bar = 10.0 mm.	FIGURE 1. Male habitus of Lucanus species. A–B, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (33.3 mm, holotype, large sized, Kunming, Yunnan); C–D, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (31.3 mm, medium sized, Gongshan, Yunnan); E–F, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (29.2 mm, small sized, Huidong, Sichuan); G–H, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (41.9 mm, small sized, Mabian, Sichuan). A, C, E, G, dorsal view; B, D, F, H, ventral view. Scale bar = 10.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF8FFFDE5FFB58EC0572FDA7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7814599/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814599	FIGURE 2. Male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); M–R, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); S–X, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	FIGURE 2. Male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); M–R, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); S–X, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF8FFFDE5FFB58EC0572FDA7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7814603/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814603	FIGURE 3. Male abdominal tergite 8 (A, E, I, M), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, F, J, N) and abdominal segment 9 (C–D, G–H, K–L, O–P) of Lucanus species. A–D, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); E–H, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); I–L, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); M–P, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, D, E, H, I, L, M, P, dorsal view; B–C, F–G, J–K, N–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	FIGURE 3. Male abdominal tergite 8 (A, E, I, M), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, F, J, N) and abdominal segment 9 (C–D, G–H, K–L, O–P) of Lucanus species. A–D, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); E–H, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); I–L, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); M–P, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, D, E, H, I, L, M, P, dorsal view; B–C, F–G, J–K, N–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF8FFFDE5FFB58EC0572FDA7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7814605/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814605	FIGURE 6. Female head (A, G, I, O), clypeolabrum (B, J, P), canthus (C, H, K, Q) and tibia (D–F, L–N, R–T) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–H (refer to p. 22 in Huang & Chen, 2017; Gongshan, Yunnan); I–N, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); O–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	FIGURE 6. Female head (A, G, I, O), clypeolabrum (B, J, P), canthus (C, H, K, Q) and tibia (D–F, L–N, R–T) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–H (refer to p. 22 in Huang & Chen, 2017; Gongshan, Yunnan); I–N, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); O–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF8FFFDE5FFB58EC0572FDA7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7801118/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801118	FIGURE 5. Female habitus of Lucanus species. A–B, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (24.8 mm, paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); C–D, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (27.4 mm, Huidong, Sichuan); E–F, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (35.0 mm, Mabian, Sichuan). A, C, E, dorsal view; B, D, F, ventral view. Scale bar = 10.0 mm.	FIGURE 5. Female habitus of Lucanus species. A–B, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (24.8 mm, paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); C–D, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (27.4 mm, Huidong, Sichuan); E–F, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (35.0 mm, Mabian, Sichuan). A, C, E, dorsal view; B, D, F, ventral view. Scale bar = 10.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF8FFFDE5FFB58EC0572FDA7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7801120/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801120	FIGURE 7. Female abdominal tergite 8 (A, F, K), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, G, L) and genitalia (C, H, M) including details of hemisternite (D, I, N), spermatheca and spermathecal gland (E, J, O) of Lucanus species. A–E, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); F–J, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); K–O, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, F, K, dorsal view; B–E, G–J, L–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	FIGURE 7. Female abdominal tergite 8 (A, F, K), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, G, L) and genitalia (C, H, M) including details of hemisternite (D, I, N), spermatheca and spermathecal gland (E, J, O) of Lucanus species. A–E, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); F–J, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); K–O, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, F, K, dorsal view; B–E, G–J, L–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF8FFFDE5FFB58EC0572FDA7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7801131/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801131	FIGURE 14. Host plants of Lucanus species (L. takeoi Adachi, 2020, L. moae Qi, 2021, L. delavayi Fairmaire, 1887, L. thibetanus thibetanus Planet, 1898 and L. kraatzi kraatzi Nagel, 1926) at an altitude of about 2400 m in Huidong, Sichuan (Photo by local collector). A, C, Quercus spp. in the wild; B, D, details of Quercus spp. leaves (mating L. kraatzi kraatzi in red circle).	FIGURE 14. Host plants of Lucanus species (L. takeoi Adachi, 2020, L. moae Qi, 2021, L. delavayi Fairmaire, 1887, L. thibetanus thibetanus Planet, 1898 and L. kraatzi kraatzi Nagel, 1926) at an altitude of about 2400 m in Huidong, Sichuan (Photo by local collector). A, C, Quercus spp. in the wild; B, D, details of Quercus spp. leaves (mating L. kraatzi kraatzi in red circle).	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF8CFFDE5FFB5AD805D8FA3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7801118/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801118	FIGURE 5. Female habitus of Lucanus species. A–B, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (24.8 mm, paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); C–D, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (27.4 mm, Huidong, Sichuan); E–F, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (35.0 mm, Mabian, Sichuan). A, C, E, dorsal view; B, D, F, ventral view. Scale bar = 10.0 mm.	FIGURE 5. Female habitus of Lucanus species. A–B, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (24.8 mm, paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); C–D, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (27.4 mm, Huidong, Sichuan); E–F, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (35.0 mm, Mabian, Sichuan). A, C, E, dorsal view; B, D, F, ventral view. Scale bar = 10.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF8CFFDE5FFB5AD805D8FA3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7801120/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801120	FIGURE 7. Female abdominal tergite 8 (A, F, K), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, G, L) and genitalia (C, H, M) including details of hemisternite (D, I, N), spermatheca and spermathecal gland (E, J, O) of Lucanus species. A–E, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); F–J, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); K–O, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, F, K, dorsal view; B–E, G–J, L–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	FIGURE 7. Female abdominal tergite 8 (A, F, K), abdominal ventrite 8 (B, G, L) and genitalia (C, H, M) including details of hemisternite (D, I, N), spermatheca and spermathecal gland (E, J, O) of Lucanus species. A–E, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); F–J, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); K–O, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). A, F, K, dorsal view; B–E, G–J, L–O, ventral view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF8CFFDE5FFB5AD805D8FA3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7814605/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814605	FIGURE 6. Female head (A, G, I, O), clypeolabrum (B, J, P), canthus (C, H, K, Q) and tibia (D–F, L–N, R–T) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–H (refer to p. 22 in Huang & Chen, 2017; Gongshan, Yunnan); I–N, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); O–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	FIGURE 6. Female head (A, G, I, O), clypeolabrum (B, J, P), canthus (C, H, K, Q) and tibia (D–F, L–N, R–T) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (paratype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–H (refer to p. 22 in Huang & Chen, 2017; Gongshan, Yunnan); I–N, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); O–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF8CFFDE5FFB5CE805D8FB8F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7814599/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814599	FIGURE 2. Male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); M–R, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); S–X, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	FIGURE 2. Male head (A, G, M, S), clypeolabrum (B, H, N, T), canthus (C, I, O, U) and tibia (D–F, J–L, P–R, V–X) of Lucanus species in dorsal view. A–F, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); G–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); M–R, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); S–X, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). Scale bar = 1.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF8CFFDE5FFB5CE805D8FB8F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7801110/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801110	FIGURE 1. Male habitus of Lucanus species. A–B, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (33.3 mm, holotype, large sized, Kunming, Yunnan); C–D, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (31.3 mm, medium sized, Gongshan, Yunnan); E–F, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (29.2 mm, small sized, Huidong, Sichuan); G–H, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (41.9 mm, small sized, Mabian, Sichuan). A, C, E, G, dorsal view; B, D, F, H, ventral view. Scale bar = 10.0 mm.	FIGURE 1. Male habitus of Lucanus species. A–B, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (33.3 mm, holotype, large sized, Kunming, Yunnan); C–D, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (31.3 mm, medium sized, Gongshan, Yunnan); E–F, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (29.2 mm, small sized, Huidong, Sichuan); G–H, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (41.9 mm, small sized, Mabian, Sichuan). A, C, E, G, dorsal view; B, D, F, H, ventral view. Scale bar = 10.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
03B51633FF8CFFDE5FFB5CE805D8FB8F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7801114/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7801114	FIGURE 4. Aedeagus of Lucanus species (H, L, P, T, apex of flagellum). A, E–H, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); B, I–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); C, M–P, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); D, Q–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). F, J, N, R, dorsal view; A–D, E, I, M, Q, ventral view; G, K, O, S, lateral view. Scale bar for H, L, P, T = 0.2 mm, for the others = 1.0 mm.	FIGURE 4. Aedeagus of Lucanus species (H, L, P, T, apex of flagellum). A, E–H, L. jiaozishanus Qi, He, Su & Song, new species (holotype, Kunming, Yunnan); B, I–L, L. ludivinae Boucher, 1998 (Gongshan, Yunnan); C, M–P, L. takeoi Adachi, 2020 (Huidong, Sichuan); D, Q–T, L. boileaui Planet, 1897 (Mabian, Sichuan). F, J, N, R, dorsal view; A–D, E, I, M, Q, ventral view; G, K, O, S, lateral view. Scale bar for H, L, P, T = 0.2 mm, for the others = 1.0 mm.	2023-04-05	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian		Zenodo	biologists	Qi, Zhi-Hao;He, Hao;Su, Rong-Xiang;Ai, Hong-Mu;Song, Hai-Tian			
