taxonID	type	description	language	source
3F4B487B5553FFCEFF43FA2B98E7FAF6.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — FRENCH GUIANA. Haute Approuague, sur la Crique Calebasse au village Germain, 25 August 1968 (fr.), R. A. A. Oldeman B- 1828 (holotype, P [P 06839007]; isotypes, CAY [CAY 021301], K [K 001301358], L n. v., NY [NY 03120147]). Subshrub, 35 – 40 cm tall, sparsely branched; terminal branchlets 2.5 – 3 mm thick, densely and shortly pubescent with patent hairs 0.3 mm long, soon covered with a corky buff-grey bark. Stipules consisting of two flat interpetiolar portions, broadly elliptic, 7 – 12 × 4 – 6 mm, with numerous marginal appendages 1.5 mm long and lacking dorsal appendages, externally puberulous, soon corky and easily damaged, hiding an internal sheath 1 - 3 mm long. Leaves opposite, petiolate; petioles 0.2 – 0.7 cm long, densely puberulous; blades elliptic or obovate, 7 – 13 × 2.6 – 4.6 cm, acute at base, shortly acuminate at apex, coriaceous, glabrous on both sides, drying olive green to greyish; midrib flat or concave above; secondary veins 9 – 12 on each side of midrib, rather ascending, not very prominent, forming inconspicuous loops 1.5 – 3 mm from the margin; tertiary veins laxly reticulate, slightly prominent when dry (possibly invisible in the fresh state); domatia absent. Inflorescences terminal, glomerulate, ca. 20 - flowered, erect; peduncle terete, puberulous, 0.5 cm in flower, 1.5 cm in fruit; flowering part 0.8 cm in diameter in flower; no distinct ramifications or bracts. Flowers 5 - merous, whether distylous unknown, sessile. Hypanthium tronco-conical, 0.3 mm, glabrous. Calyx cupuliform, 1 mm long, divided in short, round lobes for 1 / 3 or 1 / 2 of its length, densely ciliate. Corolla white; tube nearly cylindrical, 6 × 3 mm, glabrous outside; lobes triangular, 3.5 mm, not or hardly corniculate, minutely puberulous outside at the apex, otherwise glabrous. Stamens exserted just beyond the corolla mouth; filaments barely exceeding corolla mouth; anthers elliptic, 2 × 0.25 mm. Disk hemispherical, 0.5 mm long. Style included, 4.5 mm long, glabrous; branches 1.2 mm. Fruits ellipsoid, 12 – 13 × 8 – 9 mm when dry, round at apex, red, glabrous, sessile; calyx scar not enlarging. Pyrenes ellipsoid, 11.5 × 6.8 mm, dorsally smooth except for a slight median ridge in the lower half; seeds with a deep T-shaped ventral furrow.	en	Lachenaud, Olivier, Bruniera, Carla P., Zappi, Daniela C. (2022): Six new and a little-known species of Rudgea (Rubiaceae-Palicoureeae) from the Guianas. Phytotaxa 531 (3): 154-174, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.3.1
3F4B487B5553FFCEFF43FA2B98E7FAF6.taxon	distribution	Distribution and ecology: — Endemic to French Guiana; apparently restricted to the upper Approuague River (Fig. 2). Occurs presumably in lowland forest, ca. 100 m in elevation, although the habitat is not precisely recorded. Phenology: — Flowers were collected only once in July, at the end of the second rainy season, and fruits only once in August. Conservation status assessment: — Endangered [EN B 2 ab (iii)]. Rudgea approuaguensis is endemic to French Guiana and is known from two specimens, representing two occurrences. Its extent of occurrence (EOO) is therefore not calculable, and its area of occupancy is estimated to be 8 km ², within the limit for Critically Endangered under subcriterion B 2. The area where it occurs is not protected, and illegal gold mining occurring along the Approuague River is a potential threat, which leads us to predict a decline in the extent and quality of habitat. The two occurrences represent two locations in the sense of IUCN, and the species qualifies for Endangered status according to the conditions B 2 ab (iii). Notes: — This species closely resembles Rudgea bremekampiana Steyermark (1967: 407), from French Guiana and northern Brazil (state of Amapá), and has been previously confused with it in herbaria. Both species have glomerulate inflorescences with a short peduncle, red, ellipsoid fruits, thick, glabrous leaves, and flat stipules (i. e., lacking a dorsal keel) with marginal appendages. Rudgea bremekampiana differs from R. approuaguensis by the glabrous stems, conspicuous bracts, and greater dimensions of all its organs (differences are summarised in Table 1). It is not known whether the species is heterostylous, since only one collection bears flowers; these are too few to dissect, and the interior of the corolla tube is therefore not described. Additional specimen examined (paratype): — FRENCH GUIANA. Fleuve Approuague, au Saut Grand Canori, 12 July 1968 (fl.), R. A. A. Oldeman 2765 (CAY, P).	en	Lachenaud, Olivier, Bruniera, Carla P., Zappi, Daniela C. (2022): Six new and a little-known species of Rudgea (Rubiaceae-Palicoureeae) from the Guianas. Phytotaxa 531 (3): 154-174, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.3.1
3F4B487B5551FFC8FF43FA6598E2FE9A.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — GUYANA. Mt. Ayanganna, NE side, 900 – 1100 m, 7 August 1960 (fl.), S. S. Tillett, C. L. Tillett & R. Boyan 45182 (holotype, NY [00133206]). Shrub, 2 – 3 m tall, much-branched; terminal branchlets 1 – 2 mm thick, glabrous, soon covered with a greyish bark. Stipules broadly ovate, 3 – 3.5 × 2.8 – 4.3 mm, shortly sheathing at base, round at apex, bearing a group of short dorsal appendages inserted below the apex, glabrous, soon fragmenting. Leaves opposite, petiolate; petioles 0.5 – 1 cm long, glabrous; blades elliptic, 5 – 10.3 × 2 – 4.2 cm, decurrent on petiole at base, acuminate at apex, slightly coriaceous, entirely glabrous, drying olive green to olive brown with the lower side paler, dull on both sides; midrib convex on both sides; secondary veins 8 – 9 on each side of midrib, inserted almost at a right angle, strongly curved, arching 1 – 3 mm from the margin; tertiary veins prominently reticulate below, concolorous, forming areolae ca. 2 mm in diam.; domatia absent. Inflorescences terminal, paniculate, 2 – 3 cm long; peduncle terete, 1 – 2 cm long, glabrescent; flowering portion 1 – 2 × 0.6 – 1.8 cm; main ramifications 4 per node, 0.4 – 0.8 cm long, minutely puberulous; bracts minute, triangular, 1.2 × 0.3 mm. Flowers 4 - merous, whether distylous unknown, the lateral flowers of a triad with pedicels 1 – 1.5 mm long, the central one sessile. Hypanthium tronco-conical to subcylindrical, 0.7 mm long, puberulous. Calyx cupuliform, 0.2 – 0.5 mm long, minutely puberulous, with short triangular to subulate lobes. Corolla white; tube narrowly infundibular, 6 × 2.5 mm, minutely and sparsely puberulous outside towards the base, glabrous inside; lobes elliptic, 5 × 2 – 3 mm, obtuse at apex, papillose outside, glabrous inside. Stamens sub-included, inserted around the lower 1 / 3 rd of the corolla tube; filaments 3 – 3.2 mm long; anthers elliptic, 1.2 mm long. Disk hemispherical, 0.6 mm long, glabrous. Style included, 1 mm long; branches 0.5 mm long. Fruits (only immature seen) ellipsoid, 4.5 – 8 × 4 – 6.5 mm when dry, yellowish green, glabrous, pedicels 3 - 7 mm long, calyx scar not enlarging, 1 – 1.5 mm broad. Pyrenes and seeds not seen.	en	Lachenaud, Olivier, Bruniera, Carla P., Zappi, Daniela C. (2022): Six new and a little-known species of Rudgea (Rubiaceae-Palicoureeae) from the Guianas. Phytotaxa 531 (3): 154-174, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.3.1
3F4B487B5551FFC8FF43FA6598E2FE9A.taxon	distribution	Distribution and ecology: — This species is endemic to the highlands of western Guyana (Mt. Ayanganna and surroundings, Fig. 2), and occurs in mixed evergreen forest, at 1100 – 1650 m. Phenology: — Flowering specimens were collected in August; and specimens with immature fruits in November. Conservation status assessment: — Vulnerable (VU D 2). Rudgea ayangannensis is endemic to the montane forests of western Guyana, and is known from two specimens representing two occurrences. Its extent of occurrence (EOO) is therefore not calculable, and its area of occupancy is estimated to be 8 km ², within the limit for Critically Endangered under subcriterion B 2. Both occurrences are in areas without official protection status. While their habitat is currently well preserved, and there is no evidence of a current threat from human activities, any stochastic events or future industrial (e. g. mining) projects in the area would represent a threat to the species. The two occurrences represent two locations in the sense of IUCN, and the species qualifies for Vulnerable status under criterion D 2. Notes: — The two collections cited in the protologue of this species, the flowering type Tillett et al. 45182 and the fruiting paratype Tillett et al. 45023 (K, NY), are not conspecific. The former has stipules without a dorsal keel (the appendages are inserted directly on the sheath), leaves with prominently reticulate tertiary veins, and inflorescences with the lateral flowers of a triad pedicellate. The latter has stipules with a dorsal keel exceeding the sheath, tertiary leaf veins hardly apparent, and sessile fruits; it appears to represent Rudgea graciliflora Standley (1936: 262) sensu lato, although its secondary leaf veins are more numerous (9 - 11 pairs) than usual for this species (5 - 8 pairs). Steyermark’s (1967) description is consequently based on a mixture (the details of the fruits, in particular, do not apply to R. ayangannensis) and a new description is presented here. Apart from the type, only one collection has been seen that represents true R. ayangannensis. The species remains poorly known; no mature fruits have been seen, and it is not known whether its flowers are heterostylous (the only ones seen, on the type, have an included style). Rudgea ayangannensis may be confused with both R. graciliflora, from which, in addition to the characters discussed above, it also differs in its much shorter corolla tube, and R. graniticola; for differences with the latter, see that species. Additional specimens examined: — GUYANA: Pakaraima Mountains, Mount Wokomung, summit ridge of Kamie-wah pinnacle NE to S pinnacle, “ Little Ayanganna ”, 5 ° 04 ’ N, 59 ° 52 ’ W, 17 November 1993 (imm. fr.), T. Henkel, R. Williams, S. Fratello & L. Williams 4471 (K, P).	en	Lachenaud, Olivier, Bruniera, Carla P., Zappi, Daniela C. (2022): Six new and a little-known species of Rudgea (Rubiaceae-Palicoureeae) from the Guianas. Phytotaxa 531 (3): 154-174, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.3.1
3F4B487B5557FFC5FF43FED19962F8FE.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — FRENCH GUIANA. Montagne de Kaw, route de Kaw, p. k. 46, 4 ° 33 ’ N, 52 ° 09 ’ W, 14 December 1986 (fl.), J. J. de Granville 9075 (holotype, MO [MO- 2365274]; isotypes, CAY [CAY 079168], P [P 03985332], U [U 0130743]). Shrub, 1 – 3 m tall, much-branched; terminal branchlets 2 – 3 mm thick, densely pubescent with appressed hairs, soon covered with a pale brownish bark. Stipules consisting of two flat interpetiolar portions, narrowly ovate, 8 – 13 × 2 – 5 mm, deeply laciniate with 15 – 20 marginal appendages 1.5 – 5 mm long and lacking dorsal appendages, surrounding an internal sheath 2 – 3.5 mm long bearing ca. 10 lateral appendages 1.5 – 3 mm long in the axils of the petioles, pubescent, soon corky and eventually caducous. Leaves opposite, petiolate; petioles 0.5 – 2 cm long, pubescent like the stems; blades elliptic to narrowly obovate, 10.5 – 24 × 3 – 8 cm, acute to obtuse at base, acuminate at apex, the margin slightly revolute, papyraceous to slightly coriaceous when dry, glabrous above, pubescent below with sparse appressed hairs 0.2 mm long, drying olive green to olive brown; midrib convex on both sides, secondary veins 7 – 14 on each side of midrib, weakly ascending, forming loops at 1 – 5 mm from the margin; tertiary veins concolorous, prominently and rather laxly reticulate in the dry state; domatia absent. Inflorescences terminal, capitate to shortly branched, 4.5 – 15 cm long, many-flowered, ± pendulous, densely appressed hairy; peduncle terete, 2.5 – 13.5 cm long; flowering portion 1 – 3 × 2 – 5.5 cm; ramifications absent or very short (<1 mm) at anthesis, sometimes accrescent to 1 cm long in the fruiting stage; bracts green, numerous and long exceeding the calyces, the basal ones lanceolate, 9 – 28 × 2.5 – 3.5 mm, deeply and irregularly laciniate towards their base, the upper ones similar but narrower, 9 – 11 × 1.5 – 2 mm, all densely appressed hairy outside and glabrous inside. Flowers (4) 5 - merous, whether distylous unknown, sessile. Hypanthium tronco-conical to subcylindrical, 1 – 1.5 mm long, densely villose. Calyx deeply cupuliform, pubescent outside; tube 1.5 – 4 mm long; lobes triangular, 1 – 2 mm long, the apex acute but often damaged. Corolla white; tube narrow and almost cylindrical, 18 – 20 × 1.5 mm, glabrous throughout; lobes triangular, 4.5 – 6 mm long, broadly corniculate at apex, glabrous on both sides except the cornicula minutely puberulous. Stamens fully exserted; filaments exserted 3 mm beyond corolla mouth; anthers 2.5 × 0.4 mm, dorsifixed. Disk bipartite, cylindrical, 1 mm long, glabrous. Style included, 5 mm long, branches 1 mm long. Fruits ellipsoid to ovoid or rarely subglobose, 15 – 18 × 10 – 15 mm when fresh, 7.5 – 17 × 7.5 – 13 mm when dry, dark green when immature, pale yellow to yellow-orange when mature, glabrous, on short accrescent pedicel 2 – 5 mm long, crowned with persistent calyx tube; mesocarp yellowish-white. Pyrenes ellipsoid, 10.5 – 13.5 × 8 – 9 mm, the dorsal surface minutely verruculose, smooth; seeds with a deep T-shaped ventral furrow.	en	Lachenaud, Olivier, Bruniera, Carla P., Zappi, Daniela C. (2022): Six new and a little-known species of Rudgea (Rubiaceae-Palicoureeae) from the Guianas. Phytotaxa 531 (3): 154-174, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.3.1
3F4B487B5557FFC5FF43FED19962F8FE.taxon	distribution	Distribution and ecology: — Only known from northern French Guiana, where it occurs mostly in the northeastern hill ranges (Montagne des Trois Pitons, Nouragues, and eastern side of the Kaw mountain) with an isolated record further west in the Sinnamary basin (Fig. 4). The species occurs in the undergrowth of mature forest, at 90 – 400 m elevation. Phenology: — The species was collected with flowers in November and December, corresponding to the beginning of the first rainy season. Immature fruits have been found in February (end of first rainy season) and mature ones from April to July (second rainy season). Conservation status assessment: — Vulnerable (VU) (B 1 ab (iii) + 2 ab (iii )). Rudgea glomerulata is endemic to French Guiana, and is known from 16 collections, representing eight occurrences. Its extent of occurrence (EOO) is calculated to be 5,026 km ², within the limit for Vulnerable status under subcriterion B 1, and its area of occupancy is estimated to be 40 km ², within the limit for Endangered status under subcriterion B 2. Two of its occurrences are protected in the Réserve Naturelle des Nouragues and Réserve Naturelle des Marais de Kaw-Roura. The other occurrences are unprotected but most of them are found in remote areas with currently low level of threat. However, one on the Kaw Mountain is in an area experiencing some level of timber exploitation, and also harboring important bauxite and gold deposits; mining projects there were abandoned in 2008, but may resurface in the future. Another potential threat to this occurrence comes from touristic development and related infrastructure. We may therefore project a decline in habitat extent and quality. The eight occurrences represent eight locations in the sense of IUCN, and the species qualifies for Vulnerable status under the conditions B 1 ab (iii) + 2 ab (iii). Notes: — This species is similar to R. itoupensis, described below; the two are remarkable in the genus by their deeply laciniate bracts and stipules (shallowly laciniate in most other species), ± pendulous inflorescences, welldeveloped calyx tube, and bipartite disk (the disk in Rudgea species is usually entire). It differs from R. itoupensis by its larger and narrower bracts that long exceed the calyces, and its longer corolla tube (Table 2). The two species also have different geographical and altitudinal ranges. In view of their stipule morphology and fruit colour, these species probably belong to the informal “ lanceifolia clade ” defined by Bruniera (2015). Another species resembling R. glomerulata is Palicourea yneziae C. M. Taylor (Taylor 2015: 81) [Syn. Rudgea mexiae Standley (1936: 165)] from Peru and southern Colombia. This species was recently transferred from Rudgea to Palicourea, although it is unusual in the latter genus – especially due to its fimbriate stipules – and its placement there is provisional (Taylor 2015: 59 – 60). Its stipules, bracts and calyces are quite similar to those of R. glomerulata, although the leaf venation, disk, and fruit colour are different in both taxa (Table 2). In the absence of phylogenetical analysis including these species, it is unclear whether the resemblance between them is due to convergence or indicative of an affinity. There is also some resemblance between R. glomerulata and R. lanceifolia, especially in the shape of the stipules, but the differences are numerous: R. lanceifolia is a taller plant 3 - 10 m high, with more strongly ascending secondary leaf veins, an erect and usually branched inflorescence, entire or shortly dentate bracts, a calyx divided almost to the base, a usually longer (17 - 80 mm) corolla tube that is pubescent on both sides, and fruits dark red when immature and black when mature, crowned with an entire markedly accrescent disk 2 - 3 mm long and 5 - 10 mm in diameter. The inflorescences of Rudgea glomerulata are often capitate, but may have short ramifications, especially at the fruiting stage, as the rachis might expand after anthesis. It is not known whether the flowers are heterostylous; the only open flowers seen (on the type) are short-styled. Two collections, one from the Pakaraima Mountains in Guyana, K. M. Redden, R. Williams, C. Perry, C. Paul & M. Lyle 1927 (P [P 01019851]) and the another from Araracuara in Colombia, H. Vester & A. Matapi 754 (L. 4195512]), very closely resemble R. glomerulata in characters of the bracts, inflorescences and stipules, as well as in leaf shape and venation, but have a hirsute (rather than appressed) indumentum on the petioles and lower surface of leaf veins. The former specimen also has a much shorter peduncle, while the latter appears to have an erect inflorescence. More material is required to decide whether these collections are conspecific or not with R. glomerulata. Additional specimens examined (paratypes): — FRENCH GUIANA. Nouragues, 13 May 1985 (fr.), A. Cockle 101 (CAY); Eastern Plateau of Montagne Tortue, 11 km WNW of Approuague River, 4 ° 18 ’ N, 52 ° 22 ’ W, 12 June 1988 (fr.), C. Feuillet 10045 (K); Station des Nouragues, 4 ° 03 ’ N, 52 ° 42 ’ W, 22 November 1989, (fl. buds), G. Cremers 10928 (CAY); forêt sur la rive gauche de l’Arataye, à environ 2 km du Saut Pararé, 14 February 1969 (imm. fr.), J. J. de Granville 82 (CAY, P); estuaire de l’Oyapock, entre le village de Petit Toucouchi et la montagne des Trois Pitons, 20 January 1981 (fallen fl.), J. J. de Granville 4279 (CAY, P, U); Kaw: Montagne Favard, 20 April 1984 (fr.), J. J. de Granville 6880 (CAY, MO); Montagne de Kaw, extrémité est, versant sud, 3 November 1985 (fallen fl.), J. J. de Granville 8245 (CAY, MO); Station des Nouragues, 4 ° 03 ’ N, 52 ° 42 ’ W, 23 February 1991 (imm. fr.), J. J. de Granville 11173 (CAY, MO); D. Z. de Crique Jupiter, bassin du Sinnamary, 24 April 1991 (imm. fr.), J. J. de Granville, C. Roesel & L. Brothers 11497 (CAY); Station des Nouragues, 4 ° 03 ’ N, 52 ° 42 ’ W, June 1989 (fr.), D. Larpin 643 (CAY); montée du Pic des Trois Pitons, 9 June 1980 (fr.), C. Moretti 1166 (CAY, P); Nouragues Field Station, 4 ° 05 ’ N, 52 ° 40 ’ W, 27 February 2002 (imm. fr.), S. A. Mori, F. Blanchard & T. A. Lobova 25483 (CAY, NY, P); Arataye (affluent de l’Approuague) au saut n ° 1, rive droite, 10 February 1969 (imm. fr.), R. A. A. Oldeman B- 2127 (CAY); Fleuve Arataye, Saut Pararé, 27 July 1984 (fr.), B. Riéra 659 (CAY); station des Nouragues, bassin de l’Arataye, 4 ° 03 ’ N, 52 ° 42 ’ W, 11 July 1989 (fr.), D. Sabatier & M. - F. Prévost 2533 (CAY, P, U).	en	Lachenaud, Olivier, Bruniera, Carla P., Zappi, Daniela C. (2022): Six new and a little-known species of Rudgea (Rubiaceae-Palicoureeae) from the Guianas. Phytotaxa 531 (3): 154-174, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.3.1
3F4B487B555BFFC1FF43FF6299C8FEF7.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — FRENCH GUIANA. Montagne des Nouragues, 4 ° 03 ’ N, 53 ° 42 ’ W, October 1989 (fl.), D. Larpin 722 (holotype, CAY [CAY 078936]; isotype, P [P 04008509]). Shrub, much-branched, or small tree, to 10 m tall, to 15 cm at dbh; main trunk often leaning or branched from base, the branches erect; bark grey, rugose; terminal branchlets 1 – 1.5 mm thick, minutely puberulous (appearing glabrous to the naked eye), soon covered with a grey bark. Stipules minutely puberulous, 3 – 4.5 × 0.8 – 3 mm, consisting of a persistent truncate to round sheath 1 – 2 mm long, bearing on each side a dorsal keel with 3 – 5 terminal, corky and soon caducous appendages 1 – 2 mm long. Leaves opposite, petiolate; petioles 0.3 – 0.8 cm long, minutely puberulous; blades elliptic or slightly obovate, 2.7 – 10 × 1 – 5 cm, decurrent on petiole at base, shortly acuminate at apex, coriaceous with recurved margin, entirely glabrous, dark green above and paler green below in life, variously drying green, yellowish or brown; midrib convex on both sides; secondary veins 5 – 7 on each side of midrib, moderately ascending, forming conspicuous loops 0.5 – 3 mm from the margin; tertiary veins conspicuously and rather laxly reticulate; domatia absent. Inflorescences terminal, white, trichotomously paniculate or rarely reduced to a glomerule, 0.8 – 6.8 cm long, minutely puberulous; peduncle terete, 0.5 – 3 cm long; flowering portion 0.3 – 3.8 × 0.5 – 3.5 cm; main ramifications, if present, 2 per node, 0.1 – 1.2 cm long; bracts shortly triangular, up to 1.5 mm long, acute, corky, whitish. Flowers sessile, 4 - merous, heterostylous. Hypanthium tronco-conical, 0.5 mm long, puberulous. Calyx cupuliform, 0.5 – 1 mm long, minutely puberulous, cleft at least to the middle (often nearly to the base) into elliptic to triangular lobes, these acute or obtuse at apex. Corolla white; tube narrowly cylindrical, 4.5 – 5 × 1 – 1.5 mm, glabrous outside, pubescent at the distal portion inside; lobes narrowly triangular, 2.5 – 3.5 × 1 – 1.3 mm, apex with dorsal cornicula <0.2 mm long, round, minutely puberulous outside, otherwise glabrous. Stamens half-exserted in long-styled flowers, or fully exserted, with filaments exserted 2 mm beyond corolla mouth in short-styled flowers; anthers elliptic, 1 – 1.3 × 0.3 mm, dorsifixed. Disk hemispherical, entire, 0.5 mm, glabrous. Style exserted, 7 mm long in long-styled flowers, or included, 4 mm long in short-styled flowers, papillose towards apex; branches c. 0.7 mm long. Fruits ellipsoid, 7 – 9 × 5 – 6 mm when dry, green when immature, orange when mature, glabrous, sessile, the calyx not enlarging. Pyrenes ellipsoid, 6.5 – 7 × 4.5 mm, with 3 – 4 strong dorsal ridges; seeds with a deep T-shaped ventral furrow.	en	Lachenaud, Olivier, Bruniera, Carla P., Zappi, Daniela C. (2022): Six new and a little-known species of Rudgea (Rubiaceae-Palicoureeae) from the Guianas. Phytotaxa 531 (3): 154-174, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.3.1
3F4B487B555BFFC1FF43FF6299C8FEF7.taxon	distribution	Distribution and ecology: — This species has a scattered distribution in northern and central French Guiana (Chutes Voltaire, Nouragues, la Trinité, Massif des Emerillons) and northern Suriname (Bakhuis Mts) (Fig. 2.) It grows exclusively in low forest on granitic inselbergs, at 150 – 410 m elevation, and is locally very common in this habitat. Phenology: — Flowering specimens were collected in March and October; specimens with immature fruits were collected in January, and with mature ones from February to April. Conservation status assessment: — Endangered [B 1 ab (iii) + 2 ab (iii)]. Rudgea graniticola occurs on inselbergs in French Guiana and Suriname, and is known from 17 collections representing five occurrences. Its extent of occurrence (EOO) is calculated to be 44,550 km ², exceeding the limit for Vulnerable status under subcriterion B 1, and its area of occupancy is estimated to be 24 km ², within the limit for Endangered status under subcriterion B 2. Of the four occurrences in French Guiana, three occur in protected areas (Parc Amazonien de Guyane, Réserve Naturelle des Nouragues, and Réserve Naturelle de la Trinité); the fourth one (near Chutes Voltaire) may be impacted by touristic activities but the current level of threat is rather low. The only occurrence in Suriname occurs in a mining concession, which leads us to expect a decline in habitat extent and quality. The five occurrences represent five locations in the sense of IUCN, and the species qualifies for Endangered status according to the conditions B 1 ab (iii) + B 2 ab (iii). Considering however that its range and habitat are not well prospected, the species may be more widespread than records suggest, in which case this assessment will have to be revised. Notes: — This species has previously been confused with the more widespread and rather similar Rudgea crassiloba. Both have relatively small and coriaceous leaves, minutely puberulous twigs, very short stipules with a dorsal keel bearing terminal appendages, usually paniculate inflorescences (sometimes glomerulate in R. graniticola), a short corolla tube, orange to red ellipsoid fruits, and dorsally costate pyrenes. Both are also commonly associated with granitic rocks (hence the specific name of R. graniticola) although R. crassiloba may also be found on other substrates. They differ by the characters given in the diagnosis. Rudgea graniticola also resembles R. ayangannensis (see above) in vegetative and inflorescence characters. Differences between the three species are summarised in Table 3. The distribution of R. graniticola is separate from both R. ayangannensis, which is endemic to Guyana, and R. crassiloba, which is mostly found in the Amazon / Orinoco basin and only reaches the southern part of Suriname and French Guiana. According to Bruniera (2015), Rudgea crassiloba belongs to the informal “ lanceifolia clade ”, being closely related to R. reticulata Bentham (1850: 458). In view of its morphology, R. graniticola probably also belongs to this clade. The inflorescences are very variable in this species. Collections from the Nouragues inselberg (including the type specimen) have lax and many-flowered panicles, while those from Chutes Voltaire and Massif des Emerillons have few-flowered glomerules. Specimens from Bakhuis Mountains and La Trinité are intermediate, and since no other differences have been found, we recognize only one variable taxon. The oldest collection of this species (Collector unknown in A. P. de Candolle & C. L. L’Héritier s. n.) is labelled “ Cayenne ”, which at that time often referred to the whole of French Guiana. In view of its habitat, the species is unlikely to occur in the close vicinity of Cayenne. Neither Candolle nor L’Héritier ever visited French Guiana, so they must have obtained this material from another, unknown collector. Additional specimens examined (paratypes): — FRENCH GUIANA. “ Cayenne ” (see notes), no date [c. 1800] (fr.), Collector unknown in A. - P. de Candolle & C. L. L’Héritier s. n. (G); Massif des Emerillons, zone nord, savane roche au sommet d’une colline sur la gauche de la Haute Approuague, 29 September 1980 (fallen fl.), J. J. de Granville 3949 (CAY, P); Montagnes de la Trinité, sommet nord, 12 January 1984 (imm. fr.), J. J. de Granville, C. C. Berg, M. J. Jansen-Jacobs & J. van Setten 5909 (BR, CAY, K, P, U) & 5938 (BR, CAY, K, P, U); Montagnes de la Trinité, inselberg Nord-Ouest, 16 January 1984 (fallen fl.), J. J. de Granville, C. C. Berg, M. J. Jansen-Jacobs & J. van Setten 6016 (CAY, U); Station des Nouragues, 4 ° 03 ’ N, 52 ° 42 ’ W, 22 February 1991 (fr.), J. J. de Granville 11164 (CAY, P, U); Montagne des Nouragues, 4 ° 03 ’ N, 52 ° 42 ’ W, April 1989 (fr.), D. Larpin 496 (CAY, P); Inselberg des Chutes Voltaire, 20 December 2015 (fallen fl.), O. Lachenaud 2166 (BR, CAY); without locality, 1842 (fr.), E. Mélinon s. n. (P); Nouragues Field Station, 4 ° 05.289 ’ N, 52 ° 40.774 ’ W, 16 February 2002 (fr.), S. A. Mori, F. Blanchard & T. A. Lobova 25381 (CAY); Réserve des Nouragues, Station de recherches, 4 ° 03 ’ N, 52 ° 42 ’ W, 14 March 2004 (fl. & fr.), O. Poncy, L. Barrabé, P. Petronelli, J. Y. Serein & J. G. Jourget 1878 (CAY, P); Montagne des Nouragues, 4 ° 03 ’ N, 52 ° 42 ’ W, 17 April 1988 (fr.), C. Sarthou 275 (CAY); Station des Nouragues, 13 March 1996 (fr.), P. Solano K 331 (CAY); same locality, 14 March 1996 (fr.), P. Solano K 394 (CAY); inselberg Trinité, 4 ° 35 ’ N, 53 ° 21 ’ W, 9 May 1998 (st.), J. F. Villiers & C. Sarthou 6293 (CAY). SURINAME. Bakhuis Mountains, concession BMS, zone 22, centre, 4 ° 29 ’ 45 ” N, 57 ° 00 ’ 59 ” W, 5 April 2006 (fr.), B. Bordenave, S. Dourga, F. van Troon, I. van Troon & J. James 8365 (CAY).	en	Lachenaud, Olivier, Bruniera, Carla P., Zappi, Daniela C. (2022): Six new and a little-known species of Rudgea (Rubiaceae-Palicoureeae) from the Guianas. Phytotaxa 531 (3): 154-174, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.3.1
3F4B487B555EFFC0FF43FE659F86FF47.taxon	diagnosis	Inflorescentiis pendulis dense globosis bracteis valde laciniatis munitis discoque bipartito ab omnibus congeneribus differt Rudgea glomerulatae excepta, a quae distinguitur bracteis externis brevioribus et latioribus 7 × 7 mm (vs. 9 – 28 × 2.5 – 3.5 mm) calycibus non excedentibus et corollae tubo minore 11.5 mm longo (vs. 18 – 20 mm).	en	Lachenaud, Olivier, Bruniera, Carla P., Zappi, Daniela C. (2022): Six new and a little-known species of Rudgea (Rubiaceae-Palicoureeae) from the Guianas. Phytotaxa 531 (3): 154-174, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.3.1
3F4B487B555EFFC0FF43FE659F86FF47.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — FRENCH GUIANA: Sommet Tabulaire [Mount Itoupé], zone sud, ca. 50 km SE de Saül, 22 August 1980 (fl.), J. J. de Granville 3550 (holotype, CAY [CAY 077712]; isotype, CAY [CAY 077713]). Shrub 3 m tall, much-branched; terminal branchlets 1.5 – 2 mm thick, densely appressed-pubescent. Stipules consisting of two flat interpetiolar portions, narrowly ovate, 9 – 16 × 3 – 4 mm, deeply laciniate with ca. 13 marginal appendages 4 – 9 mm long and lacking dorsal appendages, pubescent, soon corky and eventually caducous, surrounding an internal sheath 2 mm long bearing ca. 4 lateral appendages 2 mm long in the axils of the petioles. Leaves opposite, petiolate; petioles 0.5 – 1 cm long, appressed pubescent; blades narrowly elliptic, 9.5 – 15.5 × 1.9 – 3.7 cm, acute at base, gradually long-acuminate at apex, papyraceous when dry, glabrous above and shortly appressed hairy beneath with hairs denser on the veins, drying dark grey-brown, midrib convex on both sides, secondary veins 9 – 12 on each side of midrib, weakly ascending, forming rather conspicuous loops 1 – 2 mm from the margin, tertiary veins prominent and forming a moderately lax reticulum (ca. 2 mm) in the dry state; domatia absent. Inflorescences terminal, nodding, capitate and hemispherical, many-flowered, densely appressed-pubescent; peduncle terete, 1.3 – 4.5 cm long; flowering portion 1.1 – 1.5 cm in diam., no distinct ramifications; bracts green, not exceeding the calyces, the basal ones 7 × 7 mm, deeply and irregularly laciniate for about 2 / 3 of their length, the upper ones almost linear and pinnatifid, 3.5 × 0.4 mm, all densely appressed hairy outside and glabrous inside. Flowers sessile, (4 –) 5 - merous, apparently distylous (see Notes). Hypanthium tronco-conical, 1 mm, pubescent. Calyx deeply cupuliform, pubescent outside, tube 2.5 – 4 mm long, lobes initially triangular and acute at apex, 1 mm long, but very soon damaged, becoming ± round and scariose at margin. Corolla white; tube narrowly cylindrical, 11.5 × 1 mm, glabrous outside and inside; lobes triangular, 3 mm, broadly corniculate at apex, glabrous on both sides except the cornicula minutely puberulous. Stamens included with their apex just reaching corolla mouth in long-styled flowers; anthers linear, 3.5 × 0.5 mm, dorsifixed. Disk bipartite, cylindrical to slightly conical, 1 – 1.3 mm long, glabrous. Style included, glabrous, 10 mm long and almost reaching corolla mouth in long-styled flowers, or 3.8 mm long in short-styled flowers, branches 0.8 – 1 mm long. Fruits unknown.	en	Lachenaud, Olivier, Bruniera, Carla P., Zappi, Daniela C. (2022): Six new and a little-known species of Rudgea (Rubiaceae-Palicoureeae) from the Guianas. Phytotaxa 531 (3): 154-174, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.3.1
3F4B487B555EFFC0FF43FE659F86FF47.taxon	distribution	Distribution and ecology: — Endemic to French Guiana (Fig. 4); apparently restricted to Mount Itoupé (also known as Sommet Tabulaire) in the central Inini-Camopi chain. Collected only once in submontane forest, at 750 m elevation. Phenology: — Flowers collected once in August.	en	Lachenaud, Olivier, Bruniera, Carla P., Zappi, Daniela C. (2022): Six new and a little-known species of Rudgea (Rubiaceae-Palicoureeae) from the Guianas. Phytotaxa 531 (3): 154-174, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.3.1
3F4B487B555EFFC0FF43FE659F86FF47.taxon	conservation	Conservation status assessment: — Vulnerable (VU) (D 2). Rudgea itoupensis is known from a single collection near the summit of Mount Itoupé in south-central French Guiana, where it occurs in submontane forest. Its extent of occurrence (EOO) is therefore not calculable, and its area of occupancy (AOO) is estimated to be 4 km ², within the limit for Critically Endangered under subcriterion B 2. Its only known location, which lies in the Parc Amazonien de Guyane, is very remote and difficult to access, and unlikely to be directly impacted by human activities. However, considering its very restricted range and particular habitat, the species may be at risk from any stochastic events (and possibly from future climatic changes). Being known from a single location, it qualifies for Vulnerable status under criterion D 2.	en	Lachenaud, Olivier, Bruniera, Carla P., Zappi, Daniela C. (2022): Six new and a little-known species of Rudgea (Rubiaceae-Palicoureeae) from the Guianas. Phytotaxa 531 (3): 154-174, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.3.1
3F4B487B555EFFC0FF43FE659F86FF47.taxon	discussion	Notes: — This species is very close to Rudgea glomerulata, described above, from which it differs by the shorter and relatively much broader bracts, not exceeding the calyces, and a shorter corolla tube; both species are apparently endemic to French Guiana, but have different ranges and habitats (Table 2). They share dense and more or less pendulous inflorescences with deeply laciniate bracts, narrowly elliptic leaves with a sparsely hairy lower surface, a well-developed calyx tube, and a bipartite disk, while all other Rudgea species in the Guianas (and, as far as we know, elsewhere) have an entire disk.	en	Lachenaud, Olivier, Bruniera, Carla P., Zappi, Daniela C. (2022): Six new and a little-known species of Rudgea (Rubiaceae-Palicoureeae) from the Guianas. Phytotaxa 531 (3): 154-174, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.3.1
3F4B487B555EFFC0FF43FE659F86FF47.taxon	description	The only collection seen includes both long- and short-styled flowers (the latter with the corollas fallen off and only the style remaining) that are on separate branches, which were presumably collected from different individuals.	en	Lachenaud, Olivier, Bruniera, Carla P., Zappi, Daniela C. (2022): Six new and a little-known species of Rudgea (Rubiaceae-Palicoureeae) from the Guianas. Phytotaxa 531 (3): 154-174, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.3.1
3F4B487B555CFFC3FF43FF62994BF7B7.taxon	diagnosis	Stipulis brevis apice fimbriatis dorso exappendiculatis, foliis glaberrimis venulis inconspicuis et corollae tubo longe et anguste cylindrico Rudgea graciliflora Standley (1936: 262) similis, sed differt inflorescentiis glomerulatis (vs. breviter ramosis), staminibus et stylo in corollae tubo inclusis, et calyci lobis majoribus 1.5 - 2.5 mm longis (vs. 0 - 1 mm longis).	en	Lachenaud, Olivier, Bruniera, Carla P., Zappi, Daniela C. (2022): Six new and a little-known species of Rudgea (Rubiaceae-Palicoureeae) from the Guianas. Phytotaxa 531 (3): 154-174, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.3.1
3F4B487B555CFFC3FF43FF62994BF7B7.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — FRENCH GUIANA: Route de Kaw, pk 33, sentier vers les grottes, 4 ° 33 ’ N, 52 ° 13 ’ W, 4 December 2000 (fl.), F. Billiet & B. Jadin 7459 (holotype, CAY [CAY 014902]; isotype, BR [BR 000000907386]). Shrub, much branched, or small tree, to 6 m tall; terminal branchlets 1 – 1.5 mm thick, glabrous. Stipules 2 – 3 × 2 – 3 mm, glabrous, marcescent and soon corky, consisting of a truncate to round basal sheath 0.5 – 2 mm long (usually broken at flower-bearing nodes), bearing on each side a dorsal keel with 4 early caducous terminal appendages <1 mm long. Leaves opposite, petiolate; petioles 0.3 – 1 cm long, glabrous; blades elliptic, 6.5 - 12.2 × 3 - 6.4 cm, obtuse to acute at base, abruptly acuminate for 0.5 – 1.5 cm at apex, coriaceous, entirely glabrous, drying olive green to blackish; midrib concave or flat above, secondary veins 7 – 10 on each side of midrib, flat above, weakly ascending, forming conspicuous loops 1.5 – 4 mm from the margin, tertiary veins inconspicuous or very lax; domatia absent. Inflorescences terminal, glomerulate, 5 – 15 - flowered, sessile or with peduncle <0.4 cm long, glabrous; bracts triangular to elliptic, 2.5 – 3.5 × 0.7 – 1.5 mm, entire or minutely toothed, glabrous at base and shortly pubescent at apex. Flowers sessile, 5 - merous, whether distylous unknown. Hypanthium tronco-conical, 0.5 mm long, glabrous. Calyx lobed nearly to the base; lobes narrowly ovate, 2 – 2.3 × 0.5 – 0.8 mm, glabrous at base, minutely and sparsely pubescent at apex, alternating with minute colleters in their sinuses. Corolla white; tube very narrowly cylindrical, 6.5 – 10 × 0.1 – 0.15 cm, glabrous outside, pubescent at distal 1.5 cm inside; lobes narrowly elliptic, 8 – 12 × 1.5 mm, with short rounded dorsal appendages near apex, glabrous outside except the minutely puberulous appendages, papillose inside. Stamens included, inserted 4 mm below corolla mouth, subsessile; anthers narrowly elliptic, 3 × 0.4 mm. Disk cylindrical, 0.5 mm long, glabrous. Style included, glabrous, 6.5 cm long, branches 2.5 mm. Fruits unknown.	en	Lachenaud, Olivier, Bruniera, Carla P., Zappi, Daniela C. (2022): Six new and a little-known species of Rudgea (Rubiaceae-Palicoureeae) from the Guianas. Phytotaxa 531 (3): 154-174, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.3.1
3F4B487B555CFFC3FF43FF62994BF7B7.taxon	distribution	Distribution and ecology: — Endemic to northeastern French Guiana, where known from the Kaw Mountain Range and the Nouragues inselberg (Fig. 9); in the former locality it occurs in low forest on lateritic crust, in the latter presumably in a similar habitat but on granite. The species appears to be very rare; the first author was unable to find it in the type locality, despite visiting the site on several occasions at various times of the year. Phenology: — Flowering specimens were collected twice in December, at the beginning of the first rainy season, which represents a flowering peak for most shrubby Rubiaceae in French Guiana.	en	Lachenaud, Olivier, Bruniera, Carla P., Zappi, Daniela C. (2022): Six new and a little-known species of Rudgea (Rubiaceae-Palicoureeae) from the Guianas. Phytotaxa 531 (3): 154-174, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.3.1
3F4B487B555CFFC3FF43FF62994BF7B7.taxon	conservation	Conservation status assessment: — Endangered [B 2 ab (iii)]. Rudgea jadinii is endemic to French Guiana and is known from two collections representing two occurrences. Its extent of occurrence (EOO) is therefore not calculable, and its area of occupancy is estimated to be 8 km ², within the limit for Critically Endangered under subcriterion B 2. One of its occurrences is protected in the Réserve Naturelle des Nouragues. The other, on the Kaw Mountain, has no official protection status, and is potentially threatened by touristic development, forest exploitation and / or mining activities (mining projects in the area were abandoned in 2008 but may resurface in the future), which leads us to anticipate a decline in habitat extent and quality. The two occurrences represent two locations in the sense of IUCN, and the species qualifies for Endangered status under the conditions B 2 ab (iii)	en	Lachenaud, Olivier, Bruniera, Carla P., Zappi, Daniela C. (2022): Six new and a little-known species of Rudgea (Rubiaceae-Palicoureeae) from the Guianas. Phytotaxa 531 (3): 154-174, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.3.1
3F4B487B555CFFC3FF43FF62994BF7B7.taxon	discussion	Notes: — Rudgea jadinii resembles R. graciliflora, from which it differs by the glomerulate inflorescence, flowers with anthers and style both included, and calyx lobes 1.5 – 2.5 mm long, while R. graciliflora has shortly branched inflorescences, distylous flowers with either style or anthers exserted, and the calyx truncate or with lobes <1 mm long. The corolla tubes of R. jadinii are 6.5 – 10 cm long, which are much longer than in specimens of R. graciliflora from the Guianas, which are 2 – 5.2 cm long and represent the typical form of the species. However, some collections of R. graciliflora from western Amazonia have the corolla tube length comparable to that of R. jadinii. These have been originally described as R. klugii Standley (1936: 164); their status may have to be re-assessed, but this is outside the scope of this paper. Rudgea graciliflora belongs to the informal “ lanceifolia clade ” (Bruniera 2015) which includes species from the Guianas and the in Amazon basin, and R. jadinii probably belongs there as well. It is not known whether R. jadinii is heterostylous; the only flowers seen have the style and anthers both included, the latter well above the former.	en	Lachenaud, Olivier, Bruniera, Carla P., Zappi, Daniela C. (2022): Six new and a little-known species of Rudgea (Rubiaceae-Palicoureeae) from the Guianas. Phytotaxa 531 (3): 154-174, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.3.1
3F4B487B555CFFC3FF43FF62994BF7B7.taxon	etymology	Eponymy: — This species is named in memory of the Belgian botanist Bernard Jadin (1948 – 2012), collector of the type and of many other French Guianan plants, together with his wife Frieda Billiet - who is remembered in Philodendron billietiae Croat (1995: 24).	en	Lachenaud, Olivier, Bruniera, Carla P., Zappi, Daniela C. (2022): Six new and a little-known species of Rudgea (Rubiaceae-Palicoureeae) from the Guianas. Phytotaxa 531 (3): 154-174, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.3.1
3F4B487B555CFFC3FF43FF62994BF7B7.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimen examined (paratype): — FRENCH GUIANA. Station des Nouragues, entre les croisements H XXII et I XXII, 27 December 1988 (fl.), D. Loubry 100 (CAY).	en	Lachenaud, Olivier, Bruniera, Carla P., Zappi, Daniela C. (2022): Six new and a little-known species of Rudgea (Rubiaceae-Palicoureeae) from the Guianas. Phytotaxa 531 (3): 154-174, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.3.1
3F4B487B5543FFDEFF43FF629E93FD63.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — FRENCH GUIANA: Sommet Tabulaire [Mount Itoupé], versant sud,> 50 km SE de Saül, 24 August 1980 (fr.), J. J. de Granville 3587 (holotype, P [P 06800583]; isotypes, CAY [CAY 079068, CAY 079069], NY n. v.).	en	Lachenaud, Olivier, Bruniera, Carla P., Zappi, Daniela C. (2022): Six new and a little-known species of Rudgea (Rubiaceae-Palicoureeae) from the Guianas. Phytotaxa 531 (3): 154-174, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.3.1
3F4B487B5543FFDEFF43FF629E93FD63.taxon	distribution	Distribution and ecology: — This species occurs in northern Brazil (Reserva Biologica Uatumã in Amazonas state), extreme southeastern Suriname (Tumuc Humac Mts) and French Guiana, where it is found mostly in the central and southern hill ranges (Tumuc Humac Mountains, Montagne Bellevue de l’Inini, Mount Galbao, Mount Itoupé) with one record in the Approuague River basin in the northeast (Fig. 9). It occurs in lowland forests, and mostly in submontane forests on ridges where locally not uncommon, at 350 – 730 m in elevation. Phenology: — Immature fruits collected in January and March; mature fruits in August and early September. Conservation status assessment: — Least Concern (LC). Rudgea leucocarpa occurs in French Guiana, Suriname and northern Brazil (state of Amazonas), and is known from 13 collections representing eight occurrences. Its extent of occurrence (EOO) is calculated to be 39,915 km ², exceeding the limit for Vulnerable status under subcriterion B 1, and its area of occupancy is estimated to be 32 km ², within the limit for Endangered status under subcriterion B 2. Four of its occurrences are protected in the Parc Amazonien de Guyane, French Guiana, and in the Reserva Biologica Uatumã, Amazonas state, Brazil. The other occurrences are in areas sparsely populated and difficult to access, where there is no evidence of a particular threat. Consequently, the species is here assessed as LC. Notes: — This species is quite distinct from all other so far recorded in the Guianas, though in the absence of flowers it is difficult to suggest any affiliation with other species of the genus. The large white to yellow fruits with a conspicuously enlarged calyx scar are especially diagnostic (species of Rudgea occurring in the Guianas have mostly red or orange fruits, or if white, much smaller). In this character, and also in the leaves, pyrenes, seeds and inflorescences, Rudgea leucocarpa resembles Carapichea verrucosa C. M. Taylor (in Taylor & Gereau 2013: 124) from western Amazonia (Peru, Colombia, Brazil), although the latter has even larger fruits (2.5 – 3 × 2 – 2.5 cm) with a distinctly warty surface, and its stipules are distinctly longer than broad and apparently not fimbriate. Both species are known from fruiting material only, and have never been studied phylogenetically, so it is unclear whether their resemblance is superficial or indicative of a true relationship. Carapichea verrucosa is unusual in its genus and its position remains uncertain, although the stipules seem to exclude it from Rudgea. In vegetative characters R. leucocarpa also shows a superficial resemblance to R. graciliflora, but the latter has smaller fruits with the calyx not enlarged and a purplishbrown (when immature) or orange-red (when mature) colour, the leaf midrib concave above, and the stipules with a dorsal keel bearing apical appendages, while those of R. leucocarpa are dorsally flat and marginally fimbriate. This species was already recognized as probably new by Boom & Delprete (2002: 646). The inflorescences, described by these authors as paniculate, are in fact more commonly glomerulate (the ramifications, if present, being very short). The internal sheath of the stipules apparently tends to disintegrate early in their development, and is often not visible on herbarium material. According to the label of Bordenave 1248, the texture of the fruits is reminiscent of marshmallow paste (“ pâte de guimauve ”). Additional specimens examined (paratypes): — FRENCH GUIANA. Saut Tortue, 4 ° 11 ’ N, 52 ° 24 ’ W, 17 November 1994 (fr.), B. Bordenave 1248 (P); Tumuc Humac, forêt dense sur la crête du Mitaraka sud, à 1,5 km environ à l’ouest du sommet, 17 August 1972 (fr.), J. J. de Granville 1280 (CAY); Monts Galbao, à 10 km WSW de Saül, 14 March 1973 (imm. fr.), J. J. de Granville 1536 (CAY, P); Pente NE des Monts Galbao, 11 March 1975 (imm. fr.), J. J. de Granville 2386 (CAY, P). Montagne Bellevue de l’Inini, extrémité SW, versant NW, 15 August 1985 (fr.), J. J. de Granville, L. Allorge, G. Cremers, A. R. A. Görts-van Rijn & J. F. Kodjoed 7525 (CAY); Montagne Bellevue de l’Inini, zone orientale, versant sous le vent, 28 August 1985 (fr.), J. J. de Granville, L. Allorge, G. Cremers, A. R. A. Görts-van Rijn & J. F. Kodjoed 7858 (CAY); Montagne Bellevue de l’Inini, zone centrale, 8 September 1985 (fr.), J. J. de Granville, L. Allorge, G. Cremers, A. R. A. Görts-van Rijn & J. F. Kodjoed 8109 (CAY); Mont Galbao, secteur Sud, 3 ° 35 ’ N, 53 ° 20 ’ W, 22 January 1986 (imm. fr.), J. J. de Granville, C. Feuillet, L. Hollenberg, O. Poncy & H. Sangray 8912 (CAY); same locality, 27 January 1986 (imm. fr.), J. J. de Granville, C. Feuillet, L. Hollenberg, O. Poncy & H. Sangray 9002 (CAY). SURINAME. Tumuc Humac Mts, Talouakem, 2 ° 31 ’ N, 54 ° 45 ’ W, 9 August 1993 (fr.), P. Acevedo-Rodriguez, J. J. de Granville, L. Hollenberg, A. Joly & C. Avril 5969 (CAY); Tumuc Humac, frontière Brésil – Surinam, brousse et forêt basse sur le sommet du Paloulouiméenpeu, 2 August 1972 (fr.), J. J. de Granville 1087 (CAY). BRAZIL. Amazonas. Mun. Presidente Figueiredo, Rebio [Reserva Biologica] Uatumã, grade do PPBio, Baixio, 10 July 2008 (fr.), J. F. Stancik, S. Sakagawa, M. S. Tavares, R. L. da Silva & F. C. Costa 449 (K).	en	Lachenaud, Olivier, Bruniera, Carla P., Zappi, Daniela C. (2022): Six new and a little-known species of Rudgea (Rubiaceae-Palicoureeae) from the Guianas. Phytotaxa 531 (3): 154-174, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.3.1
