identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
B0025A56E37D8423C79DE3DDFD1FFBBA.text	B0025A56E37D8423C79DE3DDFD1FFBBA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acanthodrilidae Claus 1880	<div><p>Family Acanthodrilidae Claus, 1880</p> <p>Subfamily Acanthodrilinae Claus, 1880</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B0025A56E37D8423C79DE3DDFD1FFBBA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Fragoso, Carlos;Rojas, Patricia	Fragoso, Carlos, Rojas, Patricia (2019): More new Diplotrema earthworm species from southern Mexico (Annelida, Crassiclitellata, Acanthodrilidae, Acanthodrilinae). Zootaxa 4688 (4): 483-502, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4688.4.2
B0025A56E37D8423C79DE24DFD1DFA37.text	B0025A56E37D8423C79DE24DFD1DFA37.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diplotrema Spencer 1900	<div><p>Genus Diplotrema Spencer, 1900</p> <p>Type species: Diplotrema fragilis Spencer, 1900</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B0025A56E37D8423C79DE24DFD1DFA37	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Fragoso, Carlos;Rojas, Patricia	Fragoso, Carlos, Rojas, Patricia (2019): More new Diplotrema earthworm species from southern Mexico (Annelida, Crassiclitellata, Acanthodrilidae, Acanthodrilinae). Zootaxa 4688 (4): 483-502, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4688.4.2
B0025A56E37E8424C79DE3B7FD06FEDA.text	B0025A56E37E8424C79DE3B7FD06FEDA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diplotrema oaxacana Fragoso & Rojas 2019	<div><p>Diplotrema oaxacana sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 1, 2, 3, 4)</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 122E50F7-E656-473F-A7D9-E9 EC313259 B8</p> <p>Diplotrema zilchi (Graff, 1957), sensu Fragoso 1993: 37, 2001: 163, 2007: 122, Fragoso et al. 1995: 111; non Graff.</p> <p>Localities and material. Mexico, Oaxaca state: 1) Highway 175 on the road to Tuxtepec, 23 km from Oaxaca city, close to deviation to the village of Santa Catarina Ixtepeji, municipality of <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.51291&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=17.405312" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.51291/lat 17.405312)">Santa Catarina Ixtepeji</a>, pine-oak for- est on an west slope of 45°, at 0–20 cm soil depth, 17°13’42.3’’N, 96°34’25.2’’W, 2460 m asl, one clitellate adult 08/30/1991, C. Fragoso and P. Rojas; 2) Highway 175 on the road to Tuxtepec, 18 km after the town of Guelatao, municipality of San Juan Atepec, pine-oak forest at 0–10 cm soil depth, 17°24’19.12’’N, 96°30’46.47’’W, 2740 m asl, three clitellate adults 08/30/1991, C. Fragoso and P. Rojas. (Fig. 10)</p> <p>.</p> <p>Holotype. Clitellate adult from locality 1: IEOL 3103.</p> <p>Paratypes. Three entire clitellate adults from locality 2: IEOL 3102, 3262 and 4846.</p> <p>Description. External. Length 25–37 mm (average 30.6, n=4); holotype 30 mm. Width, middle body: 1.33– 1.55 mm (average=1.42, n=4); holotype 1.4 mm. Number of segments 74–81 (average=78, n=4); holotype 74 segments. Secondary annulation characterized by several furrows: before clitellum one presetal and one or two postsetal; after clitellum two presetal and two or three postsetal. Middle segments 2.4–3.2 times wider than long (Fig. 1A,B); last segments 2.3–3.8 times wider than long. Pigment absent. Prostomium open epilobous (Fig. 1D). Setae eight per segment, visible from 2; closely paired throughout (Fig. 1A,B)). Setal formula (averages, n=4) (aa:ab: bc:cd:dd) at 10: 6.9:1:7.5:0.8:29 and 1.15 dd =1/2 C; at 30: 9.8:1:7.7:1.1:26.9 and 0.92 dd =1/2 C; ten segments before anus: 7.6:1:5.6:1:23 and 1 dd =1/2 C.</p> <p>Very thin (width 6.17, 6.25 μm) and long (2.5, 3.0 mm) paired hair-like penial setae (a and b) in 17 and 19; they are smooth, without any ornamentation (Fig. 4B), curved in some of their extension, and with the distal part irregularly undulated (Fig. 4C). In some individuals these setae were externally visible (Fig. 1A); internally each seta a and b contained within long follicles that are attached to lateral-dorsal body wall (Fig. 2B). Bundles of 17 and 19 run independently until segment 20, where they are fixed together by connective tissue. Genital (spermathecal or copulatory) setae present in segments 8 and 9. They are slightly curved, with irregular notch ornamentation limited to ectal half and with a lanceolate non-ornamented apex (Fig. 4A). Both setae a and b with similar shape and dimensions (length: 296–319 μm; width: 6.55–8.7 μm).</p> <p>Clitellum saddle shaped in 1/2 13, 14–17, 3/4 18 (4 to 5 segments); orange to vermilion color, reaching slightly outside B (Fig. 1 A–C). Dorsal pores present, first functional pore in 10/11 (2 ind.) or 11/12 (1 ind.); in 9/10 visible in two individuals, but closed. Paired minute spermathecal pores difficult to see externally in the majority of individuals (but visible in the holotype, Fig. 1A) and located in AB of 7/8 and 8/9. Female pores in 14, presetal, in or slightly outside B. Two pairs of prostatic pores in A or AB of segments 17 and 19, joined by almost straight and faint seminal grooves which run slightly outside AB (Fig. 1A,B). Male pores not seen, probably within seminal grooves and, as deduced from male gonoduct, opening in segment 18. Genital marks as swellings and papillae. Paired swellings in AB or slightly outside B in segments 8 and 9 (in one individual also in 7), indicating the presence of genital setae. Number and location of single and paired papillae variable according to individuals, but all ovoid or quadrangular shaped and with a smaller and central tumescence. Holotype with ovoid mid-ventral papillae in 11/12 and with quadrangular, paired, almost fused papillae in 12/13, 16/17, 19/20 and 20/21 and extending in B–B (Fig. 1A); B–B body wall of 20 and 21 slightly thickened. In the other examined individuals, midventral papillae in 9/10, 10/11 or 10/11, 13/14, 14/15 and 15/16 with single or paired central tumescences; paired non-united papillae extending in A–A or B–B in some of intersegments 15/16 – 20/21 (Fig. 1B,C).</p> <p>Internal. Septa 5/6 thin and membranous; 6/7–9/10 slightly muscular; 10/11, 11/12 more muscular; 12/13, 13/14 clearly muscular in the holotype, and thinner in paratypes; all former septa funnel shaped. One large gizzard in 5, square or cylindrical shaped. Gizzard dimensions (length by width): 0.92 by 0.86 mm (holotype), 0.81 by 0.84 mm, and 0.92 by 0.69 mm. Esophagus tubular, without dilatations; in 8–11 presence of internal lamellae, the ventral pair more conspicuous than the lateral pairs; in segments 12 and 13 lumen highly occluded by lamellae, representing 16% of esophagus diameter. Intestine starting in 13/14 (holotype and one paratype) or 14/15 (two paratypes). Laminar, dorsal typhlosole starting abruptly in 15, reaching maximal size after one or two segments, ending 21 (holotype; segment 53, covering 38 segments) or 24 segments (segments 54, 56, 57; covering 39, 41, 42 segments, respectively) before anus.</p> <p>Dorsal vessel visible throughout; in two individuals apparently double over the intestine (Fig. 2A). Supraesophageal vessel visible in segments 11–12. Lateral hearts in 10; latero-esophageal hearts in 11 and 12. Ventral vessel present. Ventro-lateral infra- esophageal vessels conspicuous in segments 7–12 (paratype IEOL 3262) or 16–18 (IEOL 3102). Nephridial system holoic, avesiculate, exonephric, apparently stomate and parietal; in segments anterior to 10 closer to ventral midline (Fig. 2B). Nephrostomes and nephropores not seen. Male apparatus holandric. Iridiscent male funnels and testes in 10 and 11; funnels larger in 11; in one individual testes and funnels connected by abundant coagulum. Male gonoduct double, straight, running on body wall of segments 13–18 and slightly outside B, entering body wall in 17 or the equator of 18. Two pairs of acinous, dorso-lateral seminal vesicles in 11 and 12 (11 &lt;12). Two pairs of coiled tubular prostates in 17 and 19 (Fig. 2B), limited to the respective segments or extending one segment forwards and one backwards; muscular ducts transversely located in 17 and 19; glandular parts of prostates two times thicker and three-four times longer than the muscular duct.</p> <p>Paired shrub ovaries and female funnels in 13. Ovules clearly seen; female funnels ventral, near to 13/14, and not very close to mid-ventral line. Paired spermathecae in 8 and 9, opening in 7/8 and 8/9 respectively, and fixed by connective tissue to the floor and septa; ampulla joining duct at right angle, diverticulum joining duct along the same axis (Fig. 3). Ampullae of posterior segment (s. 9) (Fig. 3B,F) wider and less or equally elongate than anterior ones (s. 8) (Fig. 3A,C,D,E); diverticulum of about equal length as ampulla or longer (1.3, 1.9, 2.8 times). Maximal total length of spermatheca: 0.82, 0.87 mm (paratype IEOL 3102; Fig. 3A,B) and 0.93 mm (paratype IEOL 3262; Fig. 3F).</p> <p>Etymology. The name of the species refers to the Mexican state where all individuals of this new species were found.</p> <p>Remarks. D. oaxacana sp. nov. is separated from all neotropical Diplotrema species (Table 1 of Fragoso &amp; Rojas 2018) by the presence of spermathecal setae in combination with an ampulla that is transversally connected. By this last character the new species relates to D. chajulensis, D. jenniferae, D. murchiei and D. oxcutzcabensis, being separated from all by the presence of spermathecal setae. D. oaxacana sp. nov. clearly differs from other species with spermathecal setae (D. papillata and D. ulrici) by the location and number of seminal vesicles (two pairs in segments 11 and 12 in D. oaxacana sp. nov. vs. two pairs in 9 and 12 in D. papillata and one pair in 11 in D. ulrici). The present type material of the new species has previously been identified as Diplotrema zilchi (Graff, 1957) by Fragoso (1993, 2001, 2007) and Fragoso et al. (1995), based on the elongate diverticulum longer than the ampulla; both species, however, are separated by the genital setae (present in D. oaxacana sp. nov. vs. absent in D. zilchi), the shape of penial setae (hair-like with undulated distal regions vs. straight with a thorny distal region) and the beginning of typhlosole (in segment 15 vs. segment 20). Hence, D. zilchi remains a singleton species restricted to the southwestern mountains of El Salvador.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B0025A56E37E8424C79DE3B7FD06FEDA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Fragoso, Carlos;Rojas, Patricia	Fragoso, Carlos, Rojas, Patricia (2019): More new Diplotrema earthworm species from southern Mexico (Annelida, Crassiclitellata, Acanthodrilidae, Acanthodrilinae). Zootaxa 4688 (4): 483-502, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4688.4.2
B0025A56E37A842BC79DE689FC67FF3B.text	B0025A56E37A842BC79DE689FC67FF3B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diplotrema tabascensis Fragoso & Rojas 2019	<div><p>Diplotrema tabascensis sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 5, 6, 7)</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: C97C0EE2-B44F-4C1D-ABED-E5C1102C149D</p> <p>Localities and material. Mexico, Tabasco, Highway 186, municipality of Centro, 11.5 km from <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.80912&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.00055" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.80912/lat 18.00055)">Villahermosa</a> on the road to <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.80912&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.00055" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.80912/lat 18.00055)">Macuspana</a>, forest reserve in the proximities of <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.80912&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.00055" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.80912/lat 18.00055)">Villahermosa</a> airport; tropical subdeciduous forest with abundant palm trees, inside and below decaying palm logs; 18°0’1.98’’N, 92°48’32.83’’W, 22 m asl, two clitellate adults (one fragmented), two semi-adults with genital marks (GM) and two posterior fragments, 12/19/1991, C. Fragoso and P. Rojas. (Fig. 10).</p> <p>Holotype. Clitellate adult IEOL 119.</p> <p>Paratypes. One fragmented clitellate adult (head of 9.7 mm length): IEOL 120; two entire semi-adults with GM: IEOL 121, IEOL 122.</p> <p>Description. External. Length 35, 35, 39 (holotype) mm (average 36.3, n=3). Width after clitellum 1.22–1.33 mm (average=1.27, n=4), holotype 1.33 mm. Number of segments 113 (holotype), 121, 123, (average=119, n=3). Secondary annulation clearly seen after clitellum, characterized by two or three presetal and postsetal furrows. Middle segments quadrangular, 1.1–1.5 times wider than long; last segments rectangular, 5.7–8 times wider than long. Pigment absent. Prostomium open epilobous. Setae eight per segment, visible from 2; closely paired throughout (Fig. 5A,B)). Setal formula (averages) (aa:ab:bc:cd:dd) at 10 (n=4): 8.5:1:8.6:0.9:26.4 and 0.9 dd =1/2 C; at 30 (n=4): 7.6:1:7.7:1.1:26.7 and 0.98 dd =1/2 C; ten segments before anus (n=5): 6.1:1:5.2:1.1:16 and 0.8 dd =1/2 C.</p> <p>Hair-like penial setae (a and b) in 17 and 19, thin (width at base 11 μm) and long (2.5, 2.9 mm) (Fig. 7D); they are delicate, smooth, without ornamentation, curved in some of their extension, and with a blunt apex (Fig. 7E). Externally these setae were not visible; internally setae are contained within long follicles (Fig. 6A) attached to the lateral-dorsal body wall and that probably perform as retractor tissue. Follicles of 17 and 19 run independently until segment 21, where they are fixed together by connective tissue; joined follicles extending 5–6 segments backwards, reaching segments 25 or 26. Genital setae a and b present in segment 16, within clearly visible follicles extending freely in the coelom; follicles larger than anterior and posterior follicles of somatic setae (Fig. 6A). Genital setae slightly curved (Fig. 7A), with scarce and irregular ornamentation limited to the distal part (Fig. 7C), with a slight subapical dilatation, and with pointed tip (Fig. 7B); length: 629 μm; width: 17.5, 18 μm.</p> <p>Clitellum ring-shaped in 1/2 13, 14–17 (4.5 segments), of vermilion color, interrupted at BB in 16 and 17 by a genital mark and the prostatic pores, respectively (Fig. 5A,C). Dorsal pores present, first functional pore in 9/10 (2 ind.); in 8/9 visible but closed. Nephropores in CD. Paired spermathecal pores in A of 7/8 and 8/9, the posterior ones tending to be larger (Fig. 5B,D); in one individual slightly shifted into 8 and 9, respectively (Fig. 5D). Female pores in 14, presetal in A. Two pairs of prostatic pores in B of segments 17 and 19, joined by slightly straight or bracket shaped seminal grooves which run in A (Fig. 5A,B,C). Male pores in the equator of 18, within seminal grooves, but not seen externally; internally confirmed by discharge of male gonoduct. One large, transversely elliptical genital mark in segment 16 in BB, with a central transversal fissure in AA (Fig. 5A,B,C); genital setae visible inside the fissure or above it. Body wall of region AA in segments 15 (one ind. Fig. 5A) or 17 (two individuals, Fig. 5C) slightly thickened.</p> <p>Internal. Septa 6/7 thin and membranous; 7/8, 12/13 and 13/14 slightly thicker; following septa more muscular: 8/9&lt;9/10=10/11&gt;11/12; from 14/15 backwards membranous; 7/8–13/14 funnel shaped. Septum 5/6 only seen in holotype; thus the single spherical large gizzard is placed in segment 5 (one ind.) or 6 (three ind.). Gizzard dimensions (length by width): 0.47 by 0.52 mm (holotype), 0.75 by 0.75 mm, and 0.80 by 0.73 mm. Esophagus tubular, without dilatations; some internal lamellae present in segments 9–12; internal walls thicker in segments 10, 11, 12, 13. Intestine starting in 14/15. Laminar, dorsal typhlosole starting very small as a ribbon in 16, gradually increasing in size until reaching maximal size in segment 18 or 22; from segment 42 on, gradually diminishing size, ending as a thin cord.</p> <p>Dorsal vessel single, visible throughout the intestine; in the esophagus visible in segments 8–13. Supra-esophageal vessel visible in segments 9–12. Lateral hearts in 9, 10; latero-esophageal hearts in 11 and 12. Ventral vessel present. Subneural trunk absent. Nephridial system holoic, avesiculate, exonephric and stomate, clearly parietal from segment 11, 12 backwards (Fig. 6A); in one individual also parietal in 4 and 5. Nephrostomes and nephropores not seen. Male apparatus holandric. Testes and iridiscent male funnels in 10 and 11. Iridiscent male gonoduct double (from segment 14), straight, superficial, running along inner face of body wall in or slightly outside AB of segments 13–18, entering body wall in 17 or the equator of 18. Two pairs of acinous seminal vesicles in 11 and 12; the posterior one larger, covering entire dorsal portion of the esophagus. Paired coiled tubular prostates in 17 and 19, extending one to three segments backwards; conspicuous muscular ducts transversely or obliquely placed in the respective segments; glandular regions 2–4 times thicker and 2–3 times longer than muscular duct (Fig. 6A).</p> <p>Paired female funnels and shrub-fan ovaries in 13. Ovules large, clearly seen; ventral female funnels at both sides of mid-ventral line, close to 13/ 14 in AB. Small acinous glands in 14, joined to both sides of the esophagus, probably ovisacs. Two pairs of spermathecae in 8 and 9, opening in 7/8 and 8/9, respectively; ampulla joining duct at right angle; diverticulum joining duct along the same axis (Fig. 6B,C); duct enlarged, almost the same size as ampulla and diverticulum. Ovoid ampulla with a fold; diverticulum with its distal region dilated, curved 180° and full of iridescent sperm. Length of ampulla almost equal (1.1 times) to that of diverticulum, or slightly smaller (0.83). Maximal total length of spermatheca: 0.87 mm (paratype IEOL 120; Fig. 6C), 0.91 mm (holotype; Fig. 6B).</p> <p>Etymology. The name of the species refers to the Mexican state where all individuals were found.</p> <p>Remarks. By the shape of the spermathecae, D. tabascensis sp. nov. is related to the group of species (D. jen- niferae, D. murchiei, D. oxcutzcabensis, D. chajulensis, and D. oaxacana sp. nov.) with a transversally connected ampulla, sharing with D. murchiei, D. jenniferae and D. oxcutzcabensis a similar spermathecae shape; from these species, however, it is separated by the pattern of genital marks (midventral in 16 in D. tabascensis sp. nov. vs. midventral in 17–19, 17 or 19 in D. murchiei, midventral in 6–9, 17–20 and paired in 17 and 19 in D. jenniferae and absent in D. oxcutzcabensis), the presence of genital setae (present vs. absent in the three species) and the position of seminal vesicles [11 and 12 vs. 12 in D. murchiei and 9 and 11 in D. jenniferae and D. oxcutzcabensis (Fragoso &amp; Rojas 2018)]. The new species shares with D. chajulensis and D. oaxacana sp. nov. the position of seminal vesicles [segments 11 and 12, a feature present also in two other gizzard-less species from northeast Mexico: D. albida and D. mexicana (Gates, 1967)] and the long, haired-like penial setae; from both species it is separated by the shape of the spermathecae. Apart from the gizzard, D. tabascensis sp. nov. differs from D. albida and D. mexicana in the pattern of the genital marks (mid-ventral elliptical in 16 vs. paired swellings in 16/17 and 19/ 20 in D. albida, and absent in D. mexicana) and in the genital setae, present in segment 16 (absent in both species), a character that further separates this new species from all other neotropical Diplotrema species.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B0025A56E37A842BC79DE689FC67FF3B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Fragoso, Carlos;Rojas, Patricia	Fragoso, Carlos, Rojas, Patricia (2019): More new Diplotrema earthworm species from southern Mexico (Annelida, Crassiclitellata, Acanthodrilidae, Acanthodrilinae). Zootaxa 4688 (4): 483-502, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4688.4.2
B0025A56E377842EC79DE5C5FE0CFC3E.text	B0025A56E377842EC79DE5C5FE0CFC3E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Diplotrema kaxyebensis Fragoso & Rojas 2019	<div><p>Diplotrema kaxyebensis sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 8, 9)</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 7747DFF4-3345-4018-860F-30D5D23F701A</p> <p>Diplotrema sp. nov. 6: Fragoso 2001: 163, 2007: 122.</p> <p>Localities and material. Mexico, Chiapas, Lagos de Montebello, municipality of La Trinitaria, 2.5 km after deviation from <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.669106&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.11725" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.669106/lat 16.11725)">Road</a> 307 in direction to “Cinco Lagos “ lake; small patch of tropical cloud forest on a NE oriented slope, over dark soils rich in organic matter, at 0–20 cm depth; 16°07’2.1”N, 91°40’8.8”W, 1500 m asl, one clitellate adult 11/28/1997, C. Fragoso and J. Bueno (Fig.10).</p> <p>Holotype. Entire clitellate adult, IEOL 3334.</p> <p>Description. External. Length 23 mm. Width after clitellum 1 mm. Number of segments 75. Body cylindrical. Pigment absent. Prostomium prolobous. No secondary furrows observed. Setae eight per segment, visible from 2, closely paired throughout and highly conspicuous (Fig. 8A). Setal formula (aa:ab:bc:cd:dd): 10: 2.4:1:3.8:1:10.4 and 1.2 dd =1/2 C; 30: 3.5:1:4.5:1:13.5 and 1.1 dd =1/2 C; ten segments before anus: 2.8:1:3.6:1:7.6 and 1.4 dd =1/2 C. Penial setae (a and b) in 17 and 19 only visible internally; setae a and b of 18 externally visible. Seta 19 b 0.85 mm long and 10 µm wide (Fig. 9A), smooth without ornamentations, bracket-shaped but with an opposite curvature in the distal quarter; the claw-shaped apex slightly wider than the basal part (Fig. 9B). Setae a and b of segment 8 modified as genital setae, and only visible internally; they are small (length 205 µm), straight, with distal ornamentation of alternated and rounded crevices, and with a moderately pointed apex (Fig. 9C). Clitellum saddle-shaped in 1/2 12 –16 (4.5 segments) (Fig. 8A,B). Dorsal pores present all along the body, first pore in 5/6, larger and open in 6/7. Spermathecal pores minute, barely visible externally, opening in 7/8 and 8/9, medial to A, not in mid-ventral line. Female pores in 14, presetal, small and difficult to see, in A. Two pairs of prostatic pores in 17 and 19, medial to A, joined by bracket-shaped seminal grooves which run surrounding the genital marks of 17–19 (Fig. 8A,B). Male pores in the equator of 18, in the seminal groove (Fig. 8B). Genital marks: i) two slight swellings in 8, in AB; ii) two longitudinally elliptical and mid-ventral papillae in 1/2 16 –1/2 17 and 1/2 17 – 1/2 19; reaching A in its widest part. Anterior papilla smaller than posterior one; the latter enclosed by seminal grooves and prostatic pores; both papillae located in a slight depression (Fig. 8A,B).</p> <p>Internal. Septa 5/6, 6/7 thin and membranous; septa 7/8–9/10 progressively thick and muscular; septum 10/11 less muscular; from septa 10/11 backwards membranous. Septa 7/8 funnel shaped. One large almost squared gizzard in 5, 0.56 mm length and 0.6 mm width. Esophagus in 8–13, without internal lamellae. In 9–11 esophagus vascularized, and with dilatations which give the appearance of pouches. Intestine starts in the equator of 14. A dorsal laminar typhlosole begins very small in 15, reaches its maximal size in segment 18, and continues with the same size until 30 where it drastically reduces in size.</p> <p>Single dorsal vessel visible throughout. Supra-esophageal vessel seen in segments 10–11; in 12 probably present also. Latero-esophageal hearts in 10, 11; hearts of 12 clearly joining dorsal vessel, but connection with supraesophageal vessel not seen. Nephridial system holoic, avesiculate and exonephric; parietal nephridia visible from segment 12 and opening to exterior in BC, closer to C. Nephrostomes not seen. Male apparatus holandric. Testes not seen; abundant coagulum and iridescent male funnels in 10 and 11. Male gonoduct double with traces of iridescence; it runs superficially along body wall in BC of segments 13–17, entering body wall in 17/18. One pair of acinous seminal vesicles in 12. Two pairs of highly coiled tubular prostates in 17 and 19, limited to their respective segments; glandular part three times longer and two times wider than muscular region. Fibers of connective tissue from mid-ventral line to lateral walls in segments 16–19.</p> <p>Large and paired ovaries in 13 with few ovules. Two pairs of spermathecae in 8 and 9, of almost equal size (0.45–0.46 mm), with duct, ampulla and diverticulum strongly attached by connective tissue between themselves and also to the floor. Duct thin and elongate, perpendicularly connecting to both ampulla and diverticulum; the last two connected along the same axis (Fig. 8D). Ampulla oriented laterally, larger than the mesially oriented diverticulum and divided into two sections of unequal size at the union with duct and diverticulum (Fig. 8C, D); stalked diverticulum with the distal part ovoid and full of seminal chambers. Under left spermatheca of segment 8, a follicle containing two genital setae was observed.</p> <p>Etymology. The name of the species combines two mayan words, ka’ax, meaning forest, and ye’eb, meaning ‘fog’, referring to the cloud forest where the species was found.</p> <p>Remarks. From Table 1 of Fragoso &amp; Rojas (2018), it can be see that D. kaxyebensis is similar to the Mexican D. murchiei (one pair of seminal vesicles in 12 and unpaired genital marks in the mid-ventral region of 17–19). However, both species differ in size (D. kaxyebensis, 23 mm length and 1.1 mm width vs. D. murchiei, 55, 75 mm length and 2 mm width), first dorsal pore (6/7 vs. 8/9, 9/10), genital setae (present vs. absent) and shape of spermatheca (long duct perpendicular to common passage connecting ampulla and diverticulum vs. ampulla perpendicular to common passage connecting short duct and diverticulum). This species was listed as “ Diplotrema sp. nov 6 ” by Fragoso (2001, 2007).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B0025A56E377842EC79DE5C5FE0CFC3E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Fragoso, Carlos;Rojas, Patricia	Fragoso, Carlos, Rojas, Patricia (2019): More new Diplotrema earthworm species from southern Mexico (Annelida, Crassiclitellata, Acanthodrilidae, Acanthodrilinae). Zootaxa 4688 (4): 483-502, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4688.4.2
