taxonID	type	description	language	source
03EA8818F137B61BA98EA775FC57F3AB.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 37: 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀; Site 49 b: 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Site 51: 1 ♂; Site 53: 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; Site 54: 5 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀. Distribution. Libya, Malta, Greece, Israel, Syria, Azerbaijan, Iran.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F137B61BA98EA679FA6CF293.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 13: 1 ♂. Distribution. Southern Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Israel, Caucasus, Russia to Central Asia, China, Japan.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F134B618A98EA1A7FDF8F43A.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 1: 1 ♂; Site 9: 1 ♂; Site 11: 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; Site 15: 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; Site 17: 2 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; Site 21: 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀; Site 23: 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Site 28: 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀; Site 29: 1 ♂, 6 ♀♀; Site 30: 1 ♂; Site 31: 2 ♀♀; Site 37: 8 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; Site 38: 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Site 40: 3 ♀♀; Site 41: 1 ♀; Site 42: 7 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; Site 43: 3 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; Site 49 b: 2 ♂♂. Distribution. Greece, Turkey.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F134B618A98EA087FC93F762.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 10: 1 ♂; Site 37: 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Site 41: 19 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; Site 42: 1 ♂, Site 43: 2 ♂♂. Distribution. F. Y. R. Macedonia, Greece, Turkey, Azerbaijan.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F134B618A98EA3AFFD22F64A.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 15: 2 ♂♂, Site 37: 1 ♀; Site 39: 4 ♀♀. Distribution. Europe to Central Asia, China.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F134B618A98EA257FD4DF14E.taxon	description	Figs 2 – 4	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F134B618A98EA257FD4DF14E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 1: 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; Site 3: 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Site 5: 1 ♀. Distribution. Greece, Turkey, Israel, Syria.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F134B618A98EA55BFF25F04D.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 2: 1 ♂; Site 11: 1 ♀; Site 15: 1 ♀; Site 17: 1 ♀; Site 27: 1 ♀; Site 29: 1 ♀. Distribution. Europe, Turkey, Israel, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Central Asia, China, Korea, Japan.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F134B618A98EA45FFB33F30E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 7: 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀; Site 8: 2 ♂♂; Site 9: 1 ♂; Site 11: 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Site 15: 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Site 17: 2 ♀♀; Site 18: 2 ♀♀; Site 19: 2 ♀♀; Site 20: 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; Site 24: 1 ♂, Site 27: 2 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀; Site 28: 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀; Site 29: 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Site 30: 1 ♀; Site 31: 1 ♀; Site 36: 2 ♂♂; Site 41: 10 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀; Site 42: 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Site 43: 2 ♀♀; Site 44: 7 ♀♀; Site 49 b: 1 ♂; Site 51: 2 ♀♀; Site 52: 1 ♂. Distribution. Mediterranean, Ukraine, Caucasus, Russia (Europe) to Central Asia, Pakistan.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F134B61FA98EA79BFC02F666.taxon	description	Figs 5 – 8	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F134B61FA98EA79BFC02F666.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. This species is distinguished by the small body size in combination with the relatively long embolus and large median apophysis of the male palp and the large lateral margins of the epigyne surrounding almost the entire area of the vulva. Holotype: male, Rodos, S-Soroni, under stones in Pinus forest, 18. V. 2006 (JVK: 2648). Paratype: Rodos, S- Kamiros, under stones along fieldroad, 1 ♀, 15. V. 2006 (JVK: 2643). All leg. J. & K. V. Van Keer. Other material examined. Site 18: 1 ♀; Site 42: 2 ♂♂. Etymology. The name is given in honor of Prof. M. Mylonas, Professor of Ecology and Director of the Natural History museum of the University of Crete who contributed substantially to the study of biogeography of the Ae- gean in the last forty years. Description. Male holotype (other specimens). Small size spiders of light brown color. Legs uniformly light brown except for all Fe which are darker due to striae of dark hairs. Measurements: TL 2.611 (2.849 − 3.147); CL 1.136 (1.185 − 1.414); CW 0.817 (0.999 − 1.023); AL 1.291 (1.337 − 1.641). Eye sizes: AME 0.063; PME 0.081; PLE 0.060; ALE 0.075; PME-PME, PME-PLE and AME-AME separated by less than their diameter; AME-ALE almost touching. All eyes pearly white with black surroundings (especially AME), PME oval and without black surround- ing. PER slightly procurved, AER slightly recurved. Prosoma with widening thoracic region, fovea small, located at about 1 / 3 of abdominal length. Chelicerae with 3 PM and 1 RM denticle. Leg formula is IV> I> II> III. Legs spi- nation: Leg I: Fe 3 d, Ti 2 v; leg II: Fe 3 d, Ti 2 v; leg III: Fe 2 − 4 d, Ti / Mt spinose; leg IV: Fe 2 − 5 d, Ti / Mt spinose. Ta densely scopulated and with numerous trichobothria. Palp (Figs 5 − 6). Small transverse tibial apophysis originating from ventral side of cymbium and directed ret- rolaterally with tapering transverse tip. Spermophore serpent-like. Embolus long medially placed, slightly curved with filiform ending. Its free part longer than half the tegulum, extending almost to the top of cymbium and guided by membranous lamella. Median apophysis relatively stout. Description. Female. Small size spiders of similar coloration and habitus as male. Measurements: TL 4.260; CL 1.772; CW 1.144; AL 2.213. Eye sizes: AME 0.078; PME 0.082; PLE 0.071; ALE 0.083; PME-PLE 0.065 (separated by ca their diameter), all others almost touching; All eyes pearly white with black surroundings (especially AME), PME oval and without black surrounding. PER slightly procurved, AER slightly recurved. Prosoma with widening thoracic region, fovea small, located at about 1 / 3 of abdominal length. Chelicerae with 3 − 4 PM and 0 − 1 RM denticle. Leg formula is IV> I> II> III. Legs spination: Leg I: Fe 1 d; leg II: Fe 3 d, Ti 1 v; leg III: Fe 6 d, Ti / Mt spinose; leg IV: Fe 5 d, Ti / Mt spinose. Ta densely scopulated and with numerous trichobothria. Epigyne (Fig. 7). Large lateral margins surrounding almost the entire area of the vulva. Smaller median epigynal frames forming median tongue connected to epigastric furrow, with copulatory openings on their top. Vulva (Fig. 8). Spermathecae bilobed with lobes of almost equal size and glandular heads on the basal pair of lobes. Comments. Drassodes mylonasi sp. n. is very similar to D. serratichelis (Roewer, 1928), originally described from Crete. However it differs from it in the following characters: in males, by the presence of a small tibial apophysis, the longer embolus and the stouter median apophysis and in females by the different position of the lateral margins in relation to the spermathecae (in D. serratichelis they surround only the basal ones). Interestingly, these distinctive characters are also found between D. serratichelis - as presented by Chatzaki et al. (2002 b, p. 618, Figs 40 − 43) - and D. serratichelis - as presented by Levy (2004, p. 12, Figs 29 − 32). This observation raises doubts about the correct placement of the Israeli Drassodes to D. serratichelis, and it possibly best fits the new species here described. Levy reported the absence of a tibial apophysis in the male palp. However, the size and positioning of the tibial apophysis in D. mylonasi sp. n. is such, that the character could be easily overlooked. The figures by Kovblyuk (2008, p. 20, Figs 6.1 − 4, 7.1 − 2), Wunderlich (2011, p. 52, Figs 102 - 107) and Platnick & Shadab (1976, p. 21, Figs 57 − 60) (sub D. louisianus) suggest similarity to the original description of D. serratichelis and are hence not questioned here. A closer examination of the Israeli material is required to confirm its identity. Distribution. Only known from Rodos, possibly also present in Israel.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F133B61FA98EA2B3FB9CF14E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 54: 1 ♂. Distribution. Spain (Mallorca), Greece, Turkey, Ukraine, Israel. Introduced to USA.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F133B61FA98EA55BFDEBF1B6.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 15: 1 ♂; Site 34: 1 ♂; Site 37: 1 ♂; Site 38: 1 ♂; Site 40: 1 ♀. Distribution. Turkey, Israel.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F133B61CA98EA403FDB0F746.taxon	description	Figs 13 – 14, 17 − 18	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F133B61CA98EA403FDB0F746.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Females of this species are very similar to E. angustifrons (Westring, 1861) but differ from it by the mushroom-like epigynal frame formed by the widely open lateral margins which connect to the anterior margin (Figs 13 – 14), in E. angustifrons continuing anteriorly as parallel S-shaped lines and not connecting to the anterior margin (Figs 9 – 12). It differs from E. levyi Kovblyuk, 2009 by the larger atrium of the epigynal plate and the larger glandular heads of the vulva. Holotype: female, Symi, Panormitis, pitfalls in phrygana, 16. V to 12. VII. 2006 (NHMC: 8473), leg. M. Chatzaki & D. Kaltsas. Comparative material examined. E. angustifrons: Evros district, Dadia forest, 1 ♀, pitfalls 5. VII to 5. VIII. 2009 (NHMC: 12116), leg. M. Chatzaki (Figs 9 ─ 10); Loutros N to Dadia, 17 Km after Loutros, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, pitfalls 22. VI to 21. VII. 2015 (NHMC: 17189), leg. K. Zografou. Etymology. The name is given in honor of the biologist and colleague Dr. Dimitris Kaltsas, who contributed to the collection of the material presented here. Description. Female holotype. Yellow spiders of medium to small size. Body and legs uniformly colored. Measurements: TL 4.965; CL 2.075; CW 1.555; AL 2.627. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.117, PME 0.092 x 0.119, PLE 0.107, ALE 0.123, AME-ALE almost touching, AME-AME, PME-PME and PME-PLE ca equidistant and separated by less than 1 / 2 their diameter. All eyes round and pearly white with black surroundings, especially AME. PER procurved, AER straight to slightly recurved. Prosoma with widening thoracic region, fovea at posterior half of its length. Labium triangular, longer than wide. Chelicerae with 1 and 3 denticles on RM and PM respectively. Leg formula is IV> I> II> III. Legs spination: Leg I: Fe 2 d 1 pl; leg II: Fe 2 d 1 pl, Mt 1 v; leg III: Fe 4 - 5 d, Pa 1 rl, Ti / Mt spinose; leg IV: Fe 3 d, Pa 1 rl, Ti / Mt spinose. Preening brush at Mt III and IV, Ta densely scopulated. Epigyne (Figs 13, 17). Mushroom like atrium with large cup and short base formed by lateral margins which open widely to meet anterior margin and bend medially to form the base. Sclerotized median lines also present in the atrium. Vulva (Figs 14, 18). Coiled copulatory ducts with long transverse glandular heads on anterior ends. Enlarged spermathecal sacs connected to copulatory ducts and attached to anterior margin. Spermathecae of rather irregular shape (not easily distinguished in the available specimen). Distribution: Greece, Symi island.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F130B612A98EA652FDFEF2B5.taxon	description	Figs 15 – 16, 19 − 20	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F130B612A98EA652FDFEF2B5.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Females of this species are distinguished from both E. angustifrons (Figs 9 ─ 12) and E. kaltsasi sp. n. (Figs 13 ─ 14, 17 ─ 18) by the distinctly smaller size of the epigyne, its shape also mushroom-like, but with a longer base (straight lines) and smaller head (i. e. atrium), compared to that of E. kaltsasi sp. n. The vulva of E. levyi is also different with shorter spermathecal coils and glandular heads and a more restricted spermathecal pouch. Material examined. CYPRUS: Limmasol, Pano Platres, below Caledonia Falls, collected by hand under stones, 1 ♀, 19. IV. 2017, leg. A. Russell-Smith. Description. Female. Yellow spiders of medium to small size. Body and legs uniformly colored. Measurements: TL 4.940; CL 1.982; CW 1.425; AL 2.593. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.127, PME 0.094 x 0.121, PLE 0.106, ALE 0.111, AME-AME 0.053 (ca by 1 / 2 their diameter), AME-ALE almost touching, PME-PLE 0.047 (ca by 1 / 2 their diameter), PME-PME 0.049 (ca by 1 / 2 their diameter). All eyes pearly white with black surroundings, especially AME. PME oval, all others round. PER procurved, AER slightly recurved. Prosoma with widening thoracic region, fovea at the middle of posterior half of its length. Labium triangular, longer than wide. Chelicerae with 1 and 3 denticles on RM and PM respectively. Leg formula is IV> I> II> III. Legs spination: Leg I: Fe 2 d 1 pl; leg II: Fe 2 d 1 pl, Mt 0 - 1 v; leg III: Fe 6 d, Pa 1 rl, Ti / Mt spinose; leg IV: Fe 4 d, Pa 1 rl, Ti / Mt spinose. Preening brush at Mt III and IV, Ta not densely scopulated. Epigyne (Figs 15, 19). Mushroom like atrium formed by almost parallel lateral margins, opening widely to meet anterior margin and reaching the epigastric furrow posteriorly. Vulva (Figs 16, 20). Moderately coiled copulatory ducts connected to restricted spermathecal sacs anteriorly. Small glandular heads on anterior ends. Spermathecae oval. Comments. Our ongoing study on the Gnaphosidae of the East Mediterranean islands revealed the females of the two Echemus species here described. As the female of E. levyi from S. Turkey is still undescribed, it is possible that one of these females is the matching sex of that species due to the geographic proximity of Cyprus and Symi to the south coast of Turkey. We decided to tentatively assign the female from Cyprus to E. levyi and to describe the female from Symi as new, based on the distinctly smaller epigynal size of the former. In Kovblyuk et al. (2009), the comparison of E. angustifrons with E. levyi (Figs 36, 38 with 37, 39 respectively) shows a clear difference in palp size which should correspond to a similarly smaller epigyne to match the latter species. Although the Gnaphosidae of Cyprus are not the focus of the present paper, this female is described here for comparative purposes. Distribution: Turkey, Cyprus.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F13FB613A98EA1A7FB22F442.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 6: 1 ♀; Site 41: 1 ♀. Distribution. Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Middle East, Russia (Europe) to Central Asia.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F13FB613A98EA058FC7FF7C6.taxon	description	Figs 21 – 22	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F13FB613A98EA058FC7FF7C6.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 6: 1 ♀. Comments. The species identification is based on Bosmans et al. (2018, Figs 230 - 231). The epigynal plate is very similar to this species and in the vulva, there are lateral glands and posterior pointed extensions of the lateral pouches which, however, are less inflated than in the illustrations provided by Bosmans et al. (2018). The finding of the male would confirm the identification. Distribution. Egypt, Cyprus, Turkey, Israel, Azerbaijan, Greece.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F13FB613A98EA4EAFBECF304.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 36: 2 ♀♀; Site 41: 1 ♂. Distribution. Mediterranean, Canary Islands. Introduced to USA, Mexico.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F13FB613A98EA79FFE5CF27A.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 41: 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀. Distribution. Greece.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F13FB613A98EA650FC3EF2B2.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 17: 1 ♀. Distribution. Azores, Canary Islands, Spain to Greece, Turkey, Israel.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F13CB610A98EA1A7FDE8F442.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 38: 1 ♀; Site 42: 1 ♂; Site 54: 1 ♂. Distribution. Greece, Israel.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F13CB610A98EA04FFAF3F057.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 11: 1 ♂. Comments. In his atlas of the Gnaphosidae of the world, Murphy (2007) introduced the new genus Leptodrassex in order to separate those Leptodrassus species which did not possess the distinctive character of the latter genus, namely the two large angular retromarginal teeth on their chelicerae (or cheliceral angular lamina, sensu Azevedo et al. (2018 )) and instead they had small, conventional teeth on both cheliceral margins. As a result, the genus Leptodrassus remained to include the type-species L. femineus (Simon, 1873), L. albidus Simon, 1914, and possibly L. punicus Dalmas, 1919 (after Murphy 2007), while the rest of eight species still belonging to this genus have not yet been revised after their initial revision and therefore their placement is questioned. Two years later, Levy (2009) further divided the genus Leptodrassex on the basis of distinctive differences in the genital organs among its members, thus creating the new genus Leptopilos for those species with a cap-like anterior hood on the female epigyne and “ closely grouped laminae on the male palp ”, possibly referring to the multiple tegular apophyses and projections on the male bulb. Thus the species L. tenerrimus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) (as type species), L. pupa (Dalmas, 1919), L. hadjissaranti (Chatzaki, 2002) and L. manolisi (Chatzaki, 2002) were transferred to Leptopilos, in addition to the two newly described L. levantinus Levy, 2009 and L. lakhish Levy, 2009. Interestingly, none of these authors mentioned Leprodrassus memorialis (Spassky, 1940) which was only transferred to Leptodrassex by Kovblyuk and Nadolny in 2010. It seems that Kovblyuk and Nadolny were not aware of the very recent (at that time) publication by Levy (2009) and had therefore ignored the existence of the Leptopilos genus, to which L. memorialis apparently belongs, due to the obvious anterior cup on the epigynal anterior margin, very well described and illustrated by the two authors. In this case, the tegular apophyses of the male palps (loosely accepted as a distinctive character even by Levy (2009 )) would not justify the transfer from one genus to the other, as they comprise synapomorphic characters within the Leptodrassinae subfamily, recently introduced by Azevedo et al. (2018). Distribution. Greece, Ukraine, Russia (Europe to Central Asia), Kazakhstan, Pakistan, Mongolia.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F13CB610A98EA462FB27F0BE.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 30: 4 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; Site 36: 3 ♀♀; Site 37: 1 ♀; Site 39: 1 ♂. Distribution. Mediterranean, Eastern Europe, Kazakhstan, Central Asia, Russia (Far East).	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F13CB610A98EA70AFA74F3E7.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 14: 2 ♀♀. Distribution. Canary Islands, Algeria, Spain, Greece, Cyprus, Egypt, Yemen, Israel, Syria, Iran, Central Asia.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F13CB616A98EA632FDDBF7AF.taxon	description	Figs 23 – 28	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F13CB616A98EA632FDDBF7AF.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Females of this species are distinguished by the shield like atrium with two sub-chambers of almost the same size, separated by a small median depression. The closest morphological relative to this epigynal configuration is M. spinigera Simon, 1882 (see Dalmas 1921, p. 314, Fig. 117) described from Yemen. However, in M. apolakia sp. n. the anterior chamber of the atrium is equally long as the posterior (in M. spinigera it is longer than the posterior chamber) and the scape is distally wider, forming a pumpkin like tongue (e. g. Fig. 25) (in M. spinigera it is completely rectangular). Holotype: female, Rodos, Apolakia, pitfalls in phrygana, 13. V to 09. VII. 2006 (NHMC: 8459). Paratypes: same locality, 2 ♀♀. All leg. M. Chatzaki & D. Kaltsas. Other material examined. Site 36 (same locality as type material): 10 ♀♀; Site 55: 1 ♀. Etymology. The name is taken from the type locality. Description. Female holotype. Yellow spiders of medium size (Figs 23 ─ 24). Legs same color of body except for Ta and Mt which are slightly darker than the rest of leg segments. Measurements: TL 5.148; CL 2.297; CW 1.654; AL 2.539. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.120, PME 0.089 x 0.071, PLE 0.129, ALE 0.117, AME-AME 0.075 (ca by 1 / 2 their diameter), AME-ALE almost touching, PME-PLE 0.060 (ca by 1 / 2 their diameter), PME- PME 0.074 (ca by PME width). All eyes pearly white with black surroundings, especially AME. PME oval and closer to PLE than to each other, all others round. PER straight, AER straight to slightly recurved. Prosoma with widening thoracic region, fovea at posterior half of its length. Labium and maxillae triangular, longer than wide. Chelicerae with 1 tooth on RM and bifid serrated keel on PM. Leg formula is IV> I> II> III. Legs spination: Leg I: Fe 2 d; leg II: Fe 2 d; leg III: Fe 5 d, Pa / Ti / Mt spinose; leg IV: Fe 6 d, Ti / Mt spinose; palp: Fe 2 d; Ti spinose. Femoral spines thinner, resembling long bristles. Pa III and IV densely setose dorsally, Ta not densely scopulated. Epigyne (Figs 25, 27). Shield like atrium with almost parallel lateral margins, forming two chambers of almost equal size and a small median depression. Length of atrium ca double its width. Scape slightly widened at its end. Copulatory openings located at posterior base of epigynal plate. Vulva (Figs 26, 28). Spermathecae coiled, forming bulging bean-like lateral chambers with glandular heads on posterior ends. Distribution: Rodos, Karpathos.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F13AB616A98EA743FA64F25E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 34: 1 ♀. Distribution. Southern Europe, North Africa to Near East, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia to Central Asia, China.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F13AB616A98EA66BFD8DF286.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 10: 1 ♀; Site 12: 1 ♀; Site 17: 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀; Site 34: 2 ♂♂; Site 39: 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀. Distribution. Europe to Central Asia.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F13BB617A98EA1A7FC90F442.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 15: 1 ♀; Site 16: 1 ♂, Site 17: 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Site 26: 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Site 31: 1 ♂, 8 ♀♀; Site 32: 1 ♂. Distribution. Bulgaria, Greece, Crete, Turkey to Azerbaijan.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F13BB615A98EA04FFD64F43A.taxon	description	Figs 29, 34 – 38, 41 − 44, 48 ─ 49	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F13BB615A98EA04FFD64F43A.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Males of this species resemble P. braccatus (L. Koch, 1866) and P. hebraeus Levy, 1999. They differ from P. braccatus by the shape of spermophore (forming two vertical lobes in P. vankeeri sp. n. and two horizontal loops in P. braccatus), the shape of the upper part of the tibial apophysis (horizontal and with both tips pointed in P. braccatus, diagonally directed and with a single pointed tip in P. vankeeri sp. n.) and by the white bands of the opisthosoma (three or four in P. vankeeri sp. n., six in P. braccatus). From P. hebraeus they differ in the shape of the abdominal scutum (in P. hebraeus covering ca 1 / 3 of the abdominal width, in P. vankeeri sp. n. covering almost all abdominal width, Figs 42 and 40 respectively), the shape of the tibial apophysis (in P. hebraeus the tip is more pronounced and curved, Figs 39 ─ 40) and the conductor (in P. vankeeri sp. n. the vertical ventral part is more pronounced than the membranous fold, the reverse in P. hebraeus). Epigynes of P. vankeeri sp. n. and P. braccatus are very similar but when dissected, the main chambers of spermathecae are larger in P. braccatus and the second chambers are positioned in upper half (in lower half in P. vankeeri sp. n.). Females of P. hebraeus are considered a mismatch with the male of this species and hence are not compared here (see comments). Holotype: male, Symi, Panormitis, pitfalls in phrygana, 16. V to 12. VII. 2006 (NHMC: 8473). Paratype: Rodos, Lindos, pitfalls in phrygana, 1 ♀, 13. V to 09. VII. 2006 (NHMC: 8466). All leg. M. Chatzaki & D. Kaltsas. Other material examined. Site 9: 1 ♀; Site 17: 1 ♀; Site 22: 1 ♀. Comparative material examined. P. hebraeus: Holotype male (HUJ 11948, Poriya, 20. III. 1940, leg. A. Shulov) (Figs 30, 39 - 40, 45 - 47); Paratype female (HUJ 14741, Jerusalem Mt Scopus, 14. VI. 1944, leg. A. Shulov) (Figs 28 - 30). Etymology. The name is given in honor of the second author of this paper, J. Van Keer. Description. Male holotype. Medium sized spiders of dark brown color (Fig. 29). Opisthosoma with two median white stripes and one (or two?) at its posterior end. Legs uniformly brown. Measurements: TL 5.888; CL 2.558; CW 1.881; AL 2.892. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.082; PME 0.081; PLE 0.104; ALE 0.102; PME-PME 0.093; PME-PLE 0.079; AME-AME 0.064; AME-ALE 0.038. AME black, PME white, lateral eyes with black surroundings. PER straight to recurved, AER slightly recurved. Prosoma with widening thoracic region, fovea about 1 / 3 of abdominal length. Chelicerae toothless but with a pointed rim (Fig. 42). Scutum large and broad (Figs 29, 43), covering half of the abdominal dorsal length and all its width (at the base). ALS long, cylindrical, separated by more than their diameter. Leg formula is IV> I> II> III. Legs spination: Leg I: Fe 2 d; leg II: Fe 2 d, Ti 1 v, Mt 2 v; leg III: Fe 7 d, Pa 1 rl, Ti / Mt spinose; leg IV: Fe 5 d, Ti / Mt spinose. Ta not densely scopulated. Palp (Figs 34 − 36, 41, 44). Large retrolateral tibial apophysis accommodated into cymbium depression, with round ventral edge and tapering dorsal tip. Large spermophore U-shaped. Embolus with broad round base, tapering at its end, but with no filiform ending, hidden behind conductor. Conductor with stout vertical part and small membranous fold not seen in ventral side. Description. Female. Large spiders. Prosoma dark brown, opisthosoma yellow. Mt and Ta of legs I and II darker than the rest of leg segments. Measurements: TL 8.279; CL 3.556; CW 2.409; AL 4.479. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.184; PME 0.114; PLE 0.140; ALE 0.133; PME-PME 0.138; PME-PLE 0.121; AME-AME 0.090; AME-ALE almost touching. AME black, PME white, lateral eyes with black surroundings. PER straight, AER straight to recurved. Prosoma with widening thoracic region, fovea about 1 / 3 of abdominal length. Chelicerae toothless but with a pointed rim. Leg formula is I> IV> II> III. Legs spination: Leg I: Fe 3 d 1 pl; leg II: Fe 4 - 5 d, Ti 2 v; leg III: Fe 7 d, Pa 1 pl 1 rl Ti / Mt spinose; leg IV: Fe 5 d Ti / Mt spinose. Epigyne (Figs 37, 48). Round anterior epigynal grooves with concave introductory openings just below. Vulva (Figs 38, 49). Large oval spermathecae with glandular heads at base and second pair of chambers (possibly secondary spermathecae) originating at half length of main spermathecae. Comments. Apart from confirming the identity of the newly described species as distinct (see diagnosis), the examination of the type of P. hebraeus (HUJ 11948) revealed an interesting observation. The female described by Levy (1999) as belonging to P. hebraeus (HUJ 14741) is in fact a subadult of the genus Drassodes (see Figs 31 ─ 33 and Levy 1999, p. 430, Figs 4 ─ 5), with the distinctive notched trochanters in the four legs. We here remove this female from P. hebraeus in anticipation of the discovery of the correct matching sex in the future. Distribution. Only known from Rodos.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F139B615A98EA67DFD34F294.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 26: 1 ♀; Site 29: 1 ♀; Site 30: 1 ♀; Site 54: 1 ♀. Distribution. Israel, Cyprus, Greece, Portugal.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F126B60AA98EA1A7FD08F41E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 44: 1 ♀; Site 45: 1 ♀; Site 46: 1 ♀; Site 47 a: 1 ♀; Site 47 b: 1 ♀; Site 48: 1 ♀; Site 49 a: 1 ♀; Site 50: 1 ♀. Distribution. Balkans, Greece, Turkey, Ukraine.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F127B60BA98EA29DFAE9F174.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 9: 1 ♀; Site 18: 1 ♀; Site 25: 1 ♂; Site 26: 1 ♀; Site 40: 1 ♀; Site 41: 1 ♀. Distribution. Europe, Algeria, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Central Asia.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F127B60BA98EA545FE5CF014.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 2: 1 ♀; Site 15: 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Site 17: 1 ♂; Site 21: 1 ♀; Site 32: 1 ♀; Site 37: 13 ♂♂, 11 ♀♀; Site 38: 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Site 39: 22 ♂♂, 9 ♀♀; Site 40: 24 ♂♂, 10 ♀♀; Site 42: 1 ♀; Site 43: 7 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Site 44: 5 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; Site 49 b: 1 ♂. Distribution. Greece.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F127B60BA98EA4A5FC61F37C.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 1: 1 ♀; Site 39: 1 ♀; Site 40: 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Site 49 b: 1. Distribution. Mediterranean to Caucasus. Introduced to USA.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F127B60BA98EA74DFADBF240.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 10: 1 ♂; Site 36: 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Site 38: 2 ♀♀; Site 40: 2 ♀♀; Site 41: 4 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀; Site 43: 1 ♂; Site 44: 5 ♂♂, 17 ♀♀. Distribution. Macaronesia, Mediterranean to Central Asia. Introduced to USA, Mexico, Peru, Brazil.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F127B60EA98EA651FD64F666.taxon	description	Figs 50 – 57	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F127B60EA98EA651FD64F666.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. The species clearly belongs to the genus Turkozelotes, with males diagnosed by the prolateral origin of the embolus, transversing the tegulum dorsally to reappear at its retrolateral side and by the stout median apophysis and females diagnosed by the form of the epigynal atria, multi-chambered spermathecae and coiled copulatory ducts (Chatzaki 2018). Males of the new species here described are easily distinguished from all three congeners (T. microb Kovblyuk & Seyyar, 2009, T. mccowani (Chatzaki & Russell-Smith, 2017 and T. mirandus Ponomarev, 2011) by the small conical retrolateral tibial apophysis without any softer lobe and the combination of a bulging pointed terminal apophysis and a median apophysis with a largely membranous base. Females are distinguished by the rectangular shape of the epigynal atrium and the long coiled copulatory ducts with their openings on the anterior part of the epigyne. Holotype: male, Rodos, Attaviros Mt 1000 m, pitfalls in phrygana, 12. V to 08. VII. 2006 (NHMC: 8464). Paratypes: same locality, 1 ♂ 1 ♀. All leg. M. Chatzaki & D. Kaltsas. Other material examined. Site 37: 1 ♀; Site 43: 1 ♂. Etymology. The name is taken from the mountain at the type locality. Description. Male. Small spiders. Prosoma orange brown (Fig. 50), opisthosoma grey with one posterior and two median stripes of lighter color barely seen. Legs light brown except for Fe I and II and all palpal segments which are darker. Measurements: TL 2.884; CL 1.345; CW 1.016; AL 1.516. Eye sizes: AME 0.055, PME 0.041 x 0.051, PLE 0.054, ALE 0.052. All eyes separated by less than their diameter except for PME-PME distance which is ca their diameter. All eyes pearly white with black surroundings except for AME which are black. PER straight to procurved, AER straight to recurved. Prosoma with widening thoracic region and heavily punctuated (Fig. 51), scarce white setae, fovea tiny at posterior third of its length. Labium triangular, not fused to sternum. Chelicerae with 1 tooth on RM and 2 teeth on PM. Scutum large, covering almost all of abdominal dorsal surface. ALS cylindrical separated by more than their diameter. Leg formula is IV> I> II> III. Legs spineless but hairy. Ti / Mt / Ta of all legs with numerous trichobothria. Palp (Figs 52 − 55). Small conical retrolateral tibial apophysis with narrow, tapering tip. Heavily sclerotized terminal apophysis originating from median part of tegulum and reaching beyond it, with a pointed tip and lower round processes (Fig. 52, TA). Median apophysis broad and membranous and with a sclerotized hook shaped tip. Transparent terminal membrane (Tm in Figs 53 − 55) reduced at base of terminal apophysis, mostly with rough (spiny) surface when viewed laterally. Embolar base barely seen from ventral side, arising from dorso-prolateral part of the tegulum (Fig. 54) and immediately freeing the thin filiform embolus on the dorsal part (Fig. 55). Embolus with a small dorso-prolateral pointed tip (Fig. 54), crossing the dorsal part of the tegulum and re-appearing on its retrolateral side to meet the soft cavity of the median apophysis (Figs 52 and 53). Description. Female. Small spiders of same coloration as male. Measurements: TL 3.206; CL 1.325; CW 1.048; AL 1.803. Eye sizes: AME 0.050, PME 0.053, PLE 0.051, ALE 0.051. All eye configurations (color and interdistances) as in male. PER straight to slightly procurved, AER straight to slightly recurved. Prosoma with widening thoracic region and fovea in posterior third of its length, scarce white setae. Chelicerae armed with 1 tooth on RM and 2 teeth on PM. Leg formula is I> IV> II> III. Legs spineless and hairy. Epigyne (Fig. 56). Anterior hood well above continuous lateral margins which form a rectangular atrium. Its anterior edges slightly extended and with small copulatory openings. Vulva (Fig. 57). Spermathecae round with anterior glands and horizontal fertilization glands. Copulatory ducts large, coiled, forming pouches just below the epidermal membrane of the opisthosoma, not seen dorsally, with anterior glandular heads. Distribution. Only known from Rodos.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F122B60EA98EA7D3FE5CF2E6.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 7: 3 ♂♂; Site 37: 1 ♂; Site 38: 4 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Site 39: 1 ♂; Site 40: 4 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Site 41: 7 ♂♂; Site 43: 4 ♂♂; Site 44: 17 ♂♂, 16 ♀♀; Site 49 b: 8 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀; Site 51: 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; Site 52: 2 ♂♂, 12 ♀♀; Site 53: 6 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀. Distribution. Greece.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F123B60FA98EA1A7FC36F447.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 39: 1 ♀; Site 40: 1 ♀. Distribution. F. Y. R. Macedonia, Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Tajikistan.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F123B60FA98EA05FFD84F772.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 37: 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Site 40: 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; Site 43: 1 ♂, 5 ♀♀. Comparative material examined. Z. harmeron: Holotype male (HUJ 15503, Har Meron, Israel, 5. V. 2006, leg. Y. Lubin). Distribution. Greece, Turkey, Israel.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F123B60FA98EA3BFFD2BF65A.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 40: 2 ♂♂. Distribution. Cyprus, new record for Greece.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F123B60FA98EA270FC87F07A.taxon	materials_examined	Comments. Zelotes minous and Z. daidalus were both described by Chatzaki et al. (2003). A closer study of the descriptions of these species, as well the examination of the material from this study and of comparative material (i. e. the type of Z. shaked Levy, 1998, see below) confirmed an earlier observation that the sexes of these species are mismatched. Z. minous clearly belongs to the segrex group with both sexes conforming to its distinctive characters. These include the bulging embolar base with a dorsal median hole and a sclerotized retrolateral rim, the stout embolus originating from the dorsal part of the tegulum and curving retrolaterally, and the rather simple epigynal plate with divided anterior margins and concave posterior margin. Further taxonomic notes and material will be included in another paper dedicated solely to this group. Distribution. Crete, Karpathos (see Chatzaki et al. (2003 )).	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F123B60FA98EA450FDE1F26E.taxon	description	Figs 58 – 61	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F123B60FA98EA450FDE1F26E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 4: 1 ♀; Site 9: 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Site 12: 1 ♂; Site 17: 1 ♂; Site 26: 1 ♀; Site 28: 1 ♂; Site 32: 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Site 37: 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Site 39: 19 ♂♂, 11 ♀♀; Site 40: 4 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀; Site 43: 1 ♀. Comments. The figures of Z. parascrutatus here provided are intending to give a more detailed aspect of the male genital characters and its taxonomic affinity to the closely related Z. scrutatus (O. - P. Cambridge, 1872). The two species share a long terminal apophysis which reaches the anterior part of the tegulum (in Z. parascrutatus having more rounded rims and fitting the embolus inside a membranous fold) and an extended embolar base, sclerotized at most of its length (in Z. scrutatus the tip of the embolar base is more pronounced and overrides the embolus tip) (see also Chatzaki et al. 2003, p. 71, figs 72 – 74). The finding of both sexes syntopically in Rodos island confirms their correct matching, only tentatively paired in the initial description by Levy (1998). Distribution. Israel, Rodos.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F123B60FA98EA644FCA7F2A6.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 35: 2 ♂♂; Site 40: 3 ♂♂; Site 44: 2 ♂♂. Distribution. Greece, Turkey, Ukraine, Russia (Europe).	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F12FB603A98EA3E7FCD8F602.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 43: 1 ♂. Distribution. F. Y. R. Macedonia, new record for Greece.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F12FB603A98EA28FFC71F165.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 37: 2 ♀♀; Site 38: 2 ♀♀; Site 40: 1 ♀; Site 42: 3 ♀♀; Site 43: 2 ♀♀; Site 44: 3 ♀♀. Distribution. Greece, Bulgaria, F. Y. R. Macedonia, Turkey, Iran.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F12FB603A98EA5B7FE5CF052.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 49 c: 7 ♂♂. Distribution. Greece.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F12FB603A98EA497FDF0F372.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 36: 2 ♂♂; Site 37: 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Site 39: 2 ♂♂; Site 40: 3 ♂♂; Site 41: 2 ♂♂; Site 44: 2 ♂♂. Distribution. Mediterranean.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F12FB603A98EA1A7FB23F442.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 49 b: 2 ♂♂; Site 49 c: 2 ♀♀. Distribution. Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Central Asia, China.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
03EA8818F12FB603A98EA04FFE4FF762.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Site 37: 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Site 40: 3 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; Site 44: 1 ♀. Comparative material examined. Z. zin: Holotype male (HUJ 14980, Sede Zin n. Sede Boqer, IV. 1993, leg. Lubin); Allotype female (HUJ 15521, Sedot Mikha, VIII. 2002, leg. Mandelik). Distribution. Israel.	en	Chatzaki, Maria, Keer, Johan Van (2019): Ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Liocranidae, Prodidomidae) from the Greek islands Rodos, Symi and Karpathos, with the description of new species. Zootaxa 4646 (3): 434-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.2
