identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
503B8E36676CB147FDA0A7AFE9555CB5.text	503B8E36676CB147FDA0A7AFE9555CB5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Vichai Cumberlidge & Daniels & Soma & Leever 2023	<div><p>Vichai gen. nov.</p><p>(Figures 1 (a,b), 2(a–i), 3(a–d); Table 1)</p><p>Nomenclatural statement</p><p>A life science identifier (LSID) number was obtained for the new genus: urn:lsid:zoobank. org:pub: 46218584-43FE-4C05-9537-FFC81EACCFDB</p><p>Synonymy</p><p>′New genus E̍, Cumberlidge et al. (2020): fig. 1.</p><p>Type species</p><p>Vichai cyanalepou sp. nov., by present designation, gender masculine.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Carapace moderate height (CH/FW 1.0); front broad (CW/FW = 3.1), deflexed; surface with faint carinae in anterolateral and posterlateral regions, otherwise smooth; anterolateral margin between exorbital tooth, epibranchial tooth concave, granulated,lacking intermediate tooth; epibranchial tooth reduced to small granule, close to exorbital tooth, positioned in line with postorbital margin; lateral margin strongly convex, lined with granules, posterior end curving inward, not continuous with posterolateral margin; postfrontal crest faint, incomplete, not traversing entire carapace, epigastric crests faint, in advanced position, in line with postorbital margin, postorbital crests faint, ending before meeting epibranchial teeth; semicircular, cervical sulci deep, cervical sulcus ending before meeting postorbital crest (Figure 1 (a)). Suborbital, subhepatic regions of branchiostegite with faint granules, pterygostomial region smooth except for granules along epimeral (longitudinal) sulcus; vertical sulcus on branchiostegite curved, granular, running downward from base of epibranchial tooth to epimeral sulcus (Figure 1 (b), 2(a)). Epistomial tooth triangular, deflexed, edges with faint granules, epistomial margins smooth (Figure 2 (a)); anterior lobe on terminal article of mandibular palp small (MPAL/MPTA = 0.4) (Figure 2 (i)). Ambulatory legs (P2–5) stout, not elongated (P2–5/CW = 5.4) (Figure 1 (a); Table 1); cheliped ischium margins smooth, rounded (Figure 2 (d)); third maxilliped exopod with long flagellum (~0.5× merus length) (Figure 2 (g,h)). G1TA medium length (G1TA/G1SA = 0.3), slim, basal two-thirds directed outward, distal third curving upward, tapering to blunt open tip; G1TA ventral side with faint sulcus between G1TA-G1SA junction (Figure 3 (a)); G1TA dorsal side with broad, trapezoid dorsal membrane (DM) at G1TA-G1SA junction; DM superior margin arrowhead-shaped, inferior margin U-shaped, lateral margin short, mesial margin elongated (Figure 3 (b)); G1SA lacking raised rounded shoulder on external margin near G1TA-G1SA junction (Figure 3 (a,b)); G2TA distinctly elongated, flagellum-like (G2TA/G2SA = 0.85) with pointed tip (Figure 3 (d)).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Endemic to Madagascar.  Vichai gen. nov. is currently known only from  Marojejy National Park in the Sava Region in northern Madagascar.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The genus is named in honour of  Vichai Srivaddhanaprabha, the owner of the English Premier League football club Leicester City (LCFC) from 2010 until his death in a tragic helicopter crash at the King Power Stadium in October 2018.  Vichai was not only extremely mindful of the Leicester community and the LCFC supporters, but under his leadership the Football Club won the 2015–16 English Premier League title against all expectations, after starting the season as 5000/1 rank outsiders. The generic name,  Vichai, is used as a Latin noun in nominative singular and treated as masculine.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The genus  Vichai is established for a new species,  V. cyanalepou (see later). The recognition of the present new genus is based on phylogenetic and morphological evidence. The molecular phylogeny in Cumberlidge et al. (2020, fig. 1, ′New genus E̍) indicates that  V. cyanalepou sp. nov. is part of a unique basal clade that is clearly genetically separate from all other Malagasy genera. Mophologically,  Vichai gen. nov. can be distinguished from the three other genera found in the  Marojejy National Park (i.e.  Foza Reed and Cumberlidge, 2006,  Hydrothelphusa A. Milne-Edwards, 1872, and  Marojejy Cumberlidge, Boyko and Harvey, 2002) as follows. The G1TA of  Vichai gen. nov. is medium in length (G1TA/ G1SA = 0.3) and slim where the basal two-thirds are directed outward and the distal third curves upward (Figure 3 (a–c)) vs a G1TA that is short (G1 TA/ SA = 0.25), straight, and broadly conical in  Foza (see Leever et al. 2022, fig. 7 g,h). The exorbital and epibranchial teeth in  Vichai gen. nov. are separated by a shallow notch (Figure 1 (a)), whereas these teeth are separated by a deep cleft in  Hydrothelphusa A. Milne-Edwards, 1872 (see Cumberlidge and Sternberg 2002, fig. 1a–c; Cumberlidge et al. 2007, figs 1, 16). Finally, the ambulatory legs of  Vichai gen. nov. are short and stout (ΣP2–5/CW = 5.4) (Figure 1 (a); Table 1) and its eyestalks and corneas are of normal length (Figures 1 (a), 2(a)), whereas the ambulatory legs of  Marojejy Cumberlidge et al. (2002) are elongated and slender (ΣP2–5/ CW = 7.0) and its eyestalks are short, taper distally, and have a reduced cornea (see Cumberlidge et al. 2002, fig. 2f).</p><p>The medium-sized anterior lobe on the terminal article of the mandibular palp of  Vichai gen. nov. (MPAL/MPTA = 0.4) (Figure 2 (i)) distinguishes it from three other Malagasy genera:  Boreathelphusa (Cumberlidge, 2010),  Madagapotamon Bott, 1955 and  Skelosophusa Ng and Takeda (1994) . In all three of these genera, the anterior lobe on the mandibular palp is noticeably small (MPAL/MPTA = 0.2), and ledge-like (see Cumberlidge and Sternberg 2002, fig. 4 h–l) rather than a broad rounded lobe as in  Vichai gen. nov. (Figure 2 (i)).</p><p>Vichai gen. nov. can be distinguished from the remaining Malagasy genera as follows. The postfrontal crest of  Vichai gen. nov. is incomplete and faint and does not traverse the entire carapace (Figure 1 (a)), whereas the postfrontal crest is well defined and completely traverses the carapace in  Agora (see Cumberlidge et al. 2020). The anterolateral regions of the carapace surface of  Vichai gen. nov. are mostly smooth and only faintly carinated (Figure 1 (a)), vs anterolateral regions of the carapace that have fields of well-defined carinae in  Crosnautes (see Cumberlidge et al. 2021, fig. 1a,b). The G1TA of  Vichai gen. nov. is slim, tapers evenly, and curves upward distally (Figure 3 (a,b)), vs a G1TA that is broadest at the midpoint and is straight along its length in  Glabrithelphusa Meyer et al. (2014) (see Meyer et al. 2014, figs 1a, 3a). The lateral carapace margin of  Vichai gen. nov. is lined with small granules (Figure (1a)), vs a lateral margin that is lined with either small or medium-sized teeth in  Malagasya Cumberlidge and Sternberg (2002) (see Cumberlidge and Sternberg 2002, fig. 1e,f; Cumberlidge et al. 2020, fig. 10a,c,e).</p><p>Vichai gen. nov. can be also distinguished from Toamasina Leever et al. (2022), as follows. The margins of the cheliped ischium of  Vichai gen. nov. are smooth and rounded (Figure 2 (d,e)), vs cheliped ischium margins that are lined with small teeth (see Leever et al. 2022, fig. 4 g,h); the exopod of the third maxilliped of  Vichai gen. nov. has a mediumlength flagellum (~0.5× merus length) (Figure 2 (g,h)), vs a third maxilliped exopod with an elongated flagellum (equal to the merus length) (see Leever et al. 2022, fig. 2 f). In addition, the ambulatory legs of  Vichai gen. nov. (P2–5) are short and stout (ΣP2–5/ CW = 5.4) (Figure 1 (a); Table 1), vs ambulatory legs (P2–5) that are medium length (ΣP2–5/CW = 6.4) in Toamasina (see Leever et al. 2022, table 3).</p><p>Finally,  Vichai gen. nov. can be distinguished from  Vahatra Leever et al. (2022) by the characters of the chelipeds. The inner margin of the cheliped carpus of  Vichai gen. nov. has a relatively small pointed distal tooth, a smaller acute proximal tooth, and granules between these teeth (Figure 2 (f)), vs a cheliped carpus inner margin with a relatively larger, pointed distal tooth and a significantly smaller, acute proximal tooth, with no granules between the teeth in  Vahatra (see Leever et al. 2022, fig. 4f). The cutting edge of the fixed finger (pollex of propodus) of the major (left) chela of  Vichai gen. nov. has one large molar tooth flanked by small teeth proximally (Figure 2 (e)), whereas the fixed finger of the major (right) chela of  Vahatra has four large molars proximally (see Leever et al. 2022, fig. 4 g,h). Further, the cutting edge of the movable finger (dactylus) of the major (left) chela of  Vichai gen. nov. is lined with small teeth only and lacks large teeth (Figure 2 (e)), whereas the cutting edge of the movable finger of the major (right) chela of  Vahatra has two large teeth proximally and one large tooth midway (see Leever et al. 2022, fig. 4 g,h).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/503B8E36676CB147FDA0A7AFE9555CB5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Cumberlidge, Neil;Daniels, Savel R.;Soma, Julia B.;Leever, Ellen M.	Cumberlidge, Neil, Daniels, Savel R., Soma, Julia B., Leever, Ellen M. (2023): Vichai cyanapelou gen. et sp. nov. (Crustacea: Deckeniidae: Hydrothelphusinae), a new genus and new species of freshwater crab from northern Madagascar. Journal of Natural History 57 (5 - 8): 463-474, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2023.2192431, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2023.2192431
503B8E366769B14AFE65A01AECAF5D28.text	503B8E366769B14AFE65A01AECAF5D28.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Vichai cyanalepou Cumberlidge & Daniels & Soma & Leever 2023	<div><p>Vichai cyanalepou sp. nov.</p><p>(Figures 1 (a,b), 2(a–i), 3(a–d); Table 1)</p><p>Nomenclatural statement</p><p>A life science identifier (LSID) number was obtained for the new species: urn:lsid:zoobank. org:act: B5985969-B677-47E4-BE59-37C1308B7A66</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Type material.   Holotype: Madagascar: adult J (CW 38.5, CL 27.7, CH 12.5, FW 12.4 mm), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=49.60833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.4267" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 49.60833/lat -14.4267)">Sava Region</a>,  Marojejy National Park, 11.5 km SE of Doany (14.4267°S, 49.60833°E), 810 m ASL, in mostly undisturbed upper lowland forest, in tributary of Bemanivy River. Collected by hand during day on river bed, mostly rocky, with some open basins with sandy alluvium, coll. S. M. Goodman, 16 October 2001 (FMNH 7589) (GenBank MT749742).</p><p>Paratypes: Madagascar: subadult J (CW 28.4, CL 19.7, CH 11.0, FW 11.0 mm), same locality as for holotype, coll. V. Soarimalala and M. Raheriarisena, 8 February 2002 (FMNH 7579) ( GenBank MT749741) ;  subadult ♀♀ (CW 35.5, CL 25.9, CH 11.4, FW 11.4 mm, CW 30.6, CL 21.3, CH 9.8, FW 9.8 mm, CW 27.5, CL 21.6, CH 9.3, FW 9.3 mm), same collection data as for holotype (FMNH 7589.2) (GenBank MT749745);  subadult J (CW 35.7, CL 25.6, CH 10.8, FW 10.8 mm), same details as holotype (FMNH 7589.3) (GenBank MT749746);   same locality as for holotype, coll. S. M. Goodman, 16 October 2001 (FMNH 7590) ( GenBank MT749744) ;   subadult ♀ (CW 22.0, Cl 17.1 mm; CH 7.5, FW 7.5 mm), same locality as for holotype, coll. S. M. Goodman, 13 October 2001 (FMNH 7592) ( GenBank MT749743).</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>As for the genus.</p><p>Description</p><p>Based on holotype, adult J. Carapace outline transversely oval, moderate height (CH/FW 1.0) gently inflated, CH equal to FW; front broad (FW/CW = 0.3), deflexed covering part of antennulular fossae; dorsal surface with faint carinae in anterolateral, posterolateral regions, otherwise smooth. Anterolateral margin between exorbital, epibranchial teeth convex, granulated, lacking intermediate tooth; epibranchial tooth reduced to small granule, close to exorbital tooth, positioned in line with postorbital margin; lateral margin evenly curved outward, lined with granules, posterior end curving inward, not continuous with posterolateral margin; postfrontal crest faint, incomplete, not traversing entire carapace, ending before meeting epibranchial teeth, epigastric crests faint, in advanced position, in line with postorbital margin; postorbital crests, cardiac, urogastric sulci faint, semicircular sulcus deep, cervical sulcus faint, short, not meeting postorbital crest (Figure 1 (a)). Suborbital, subhepatic regions of branchiostegite with faint granules; pterygostomial region smooth except for granules along epimeral (longitudinal) sulcus; vertical sulcus on branchiostegite curved, granular, running downward from base of epibranchial tooth to epimeral sulcus (Figure 2 (a)). Epistomial tooth triangular, deflexed, edges smooth (Figure 2 (a)). Mandibular palp terminal article bilobed; anterior lobe on terminal article conspicuous, medium-sized (MPAL/MPTA = 0.4) (Figure 2 (i)). Exopod of third maxilliped reaching to lower half of merus, exopod with short flagellum (less than half merus length), ischium of third maxilliped with faint shallow vertical sulcus (Figure 2 (g,h)). Sternal suture S1/2 short, faint; S2/3 deep, completely traversing sternum; S3/4 broad, U-shaped, deepest at edges, not meeting anterior margin of sternopleonal cavity; S4/5 meeting pleon at level of telson/PL6 suture; S6/7 meeting midpoint of lateral margin of PL6; episternal sulci S4/E4, S5/E5, S6/E6, S7/E7 absent, smooth (Figure 1 (b)). Left chela larger, proximal half of cutting edge of fixed finger (pollex of propodus) with one large molar flanked by small teeth, lined with small teeth distally; cutting edge of movable finger (dactylus) lined with small teeth, lacking large teeth (Figure 2 (c)); right chela slightly smaller than left chela, dentition same as left chela (Figure 2 (b)); lower margin of propodus of both chelae conspicuously indented medially (Figure 2 (b,c)). Inner margin of cheliped carpus flattened, broad, distal tooth on inner margin small, pointed; proximal tooth smaller, acute, small granules between teeth, and following proximal tooth (Figure 2 (f)). Inferior margins of cheliped merus both lined with small, rounded teeth, distal tooth largest; cheliped ischium margins smooth, rounded (Figure 2 (d,e)). Ambulatory legs P2–5 short (ΣP2–5/ CW = 5.4) (Figure 1 (a); Table 1).</p><p>Pleon slim, lateral margins taper distally, widest at PL3, narrowest at telson/PL6 suture; PL6 relatively broad; telson outline with straight lateral margins, apex rounded (Figure 1 (b)). G1TA medium length (G1TA/G1SA = 0.3), slim, basal two-thirds directed outward,distal onethird curving upward, tapering to blunt open tip; G1TA ventral side with faint sulcus between G1TA and G1SA (Figure 3 (a)); G1TA dorsal side with broad, trapezoid dorsal membrane (DM) at G1TA-G1SA junction; DM superior margin arrowhead-shaped, inferior margin U-shaped, lateral margin short, mesial margin elongated (Figure 3 (b)); G1SA lacking raised rounded shoulder on external margin near G1TA-G1SA junction (Figure 3 (a–b)); G2TA distinctly elongated, flagellum-like (G2TA/G2SA = 0.85) with pointed tip (Figure 3 (d)).</p><p>Size</p><p>Medium-sized species, largest known specimen CW 38.5 mm, pubertal moult between CWs 36 and 38 mm.</p><p>Colour</p><p>Unknown in life. Preserved specimens are uniformly pale brown.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Vichai cyanalepou sp. nov.  is only known from the type locality in the  Marojejy National Park in the Sava Region of northern Madagascar  .</p><p>Type locality</p><p>Madagascar, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=49.60833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.4267" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 49.60833/lat -14.4267)">Sava Region</a>,  Marojejy <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=49.60833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.4267" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 49.60833/lat -14.4267)">National Park</a>, 11.5 km SE of Doany, in tributary of Bemanivy River near junction with Bemanavy River, 810 m ASL (14.4267°S, 49.60833°E)  .</p><p>Habitat and ecology</p><p>The rainforests of  Marojejy National Park in Sava Province are the northernmost part of this World Heritage Site, which comprises a chain of six national parks distributed in the highlands of eastern Madagascar stretching from  Marojejy to as far south as the Anosyennes Mountains in the south-east of the island. This extensive World Heritage Site protects some of the last intact primary rainforest in Madagascar, and each park within it supports a rich biodiversity, including threatened species. The eastern mountains in Madagascar receive a high annual rainfall that supports humid rainforest at lower elevations (500–1200 m ASL), drier sclerophyllous mountain forest (1200–1600 m ASL), and montane forest on the highest slopes (1600–2064 m ASL).  Marojejy National Park is a part of the Madagascar Eastern Highlands freshwater ecoregion (FEOW 581; Abell et al. 2008), and the new species was collected from under rocks on the bed of a tributary of the Bemanivy River in the mostly undisturbed upper reaches of the lowland forest belt of the park. Interestingly,  V. cyanalepou sp. nov. was collected together with six subadult specimens of  Hydrothelphusa madagascariensis (A. Milne-Edwards, 1872) (FMNH 7589.1, Genbank MT749717), which is, therefore, syntopic with the new species.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The species name ′cyanalepou̍ is derived from Greek and is a combination of two words ′cyan̍ for dark blue and ′alepou̍ for fox, a reference to the dark blue shirts that Leicester City play in, and the club mascot the fox. The specific epithet is used as a Latin noun in genitive singular and is treated as masculine.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Vichai cyanalepou sp. nov. was referred to as ′New genus E̍ in the phylogenetic tree of Cumberlidge et al. (2020, fig. 1). The seven specimens sequenced in that study (described here and listed under Material and methods above) are all closely related to each other (with short branch lengths). These specimens comprise a genetically separate lineage from the nearest sister clade consisting of specimens labelled ′New genus C̍, ′New genus D̍, ′FMNH 13935̍ and ′  Foza raimundi ̍ in Cumberlidge et al. (2020, fig. 1). Subsequently, ′New genus C̍ was identified using molecular and morphological evidence as  Crosnautes ranomafana Cumberlidge et al. (2021) (see Cumberlidge et al. 2021), ′New genus D̍ was identified as a second species of this genus,  C. alainus Cumberlidge et al. (2021) (see Cumberlidge et al. 2021), and ′  Foza raimundi ̍ (FMNH 7438) and FMNH 13935 were both confirmed as  Foza raimundi Reed and Cumberlidge (2006) (Cumberlidge et al. 2020, fig. 1).</p><p>Vichai cyanalepou sp. nov. is the fourth genus and fourth species to be recorded from  Marojejy National Park, the other taxa being  Hydrothelphusa madagascariensis,  Marojejy longimerus Cumberlidge et al. (2002) and  Foza raimundi (see Cumberlidge and Sternberg 2002; Cumberlidge et al. 2004; Reed and Cumberlidge 2006). Two of these four taxa ( Marojejy longimerus and  Vichai cyanalepou sp. nov.) are endemic to  Marojejy National Park. Earlier reports of  Skelosophusa eumeces Ng and Takeda (1994), occurring in the  Marojejy National Park by Cumberlidge et al. (2004) were misidentifications and are not supported by the present study, as those specimens (FMNH 7579, FMNH 7590, and FMNH 7592) are reidentified here as belonging to  Vichai cyanalepou sp. nov. See above for comparisons of  V. cyanalepou sp. nov. with  Skelosophusa and  Hydrothelphusa .</p><p>Vichai cyanalepou sp. nov. can be distinguished from  F. raimundi mainly by the G1TA which is glabrous on the dorsal side in  V. cyanalepou sp. nov. (Figure 3 (b)), vs a G1TA that is heavily setose on the dorsal side in  F. raimundi (Leever et al. 2022, fig. 7 (h)). Furthermore, a lack of setae on the superior part of the pterygostomial region and on the anterior subpleonal cavity in  V. cyanalepou sp. nov. (Figure 2 (a)) distinguishes it from  F. raimundi where both of these regions are distinctly setose (see Leever et al. 2022, fig. 7(c)).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/503B8E366769B14AFE65A01AECAF5D28	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Cumberlidge, Neil;Daniels, Savel R.;Soma, Julia B.;Leever, Ellen M.	Cumberlidge, Neil, Daniels, Savel R., Soma, Julia B., Leever, Ellen M. (2023): Vichai cyanapelou gen. et sp. nov. (Crustacea: Deckeniidae: Hydrothelphusinae), a new genus and new species of freshwater crab from northern Madagascar. Journal of Natural History 57 (5 - 8): 463-474, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2023.2192431, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2023.2192431
