taxonID	type	description	language	source
021487A0D45B753A4FACDE85FB78F88B.taxon	description	(Figs. 1 – 3, 18 – 22, 35 – 36)	en	Tishechkin, Dmitri Yu. (2023): Contributions to the study of the subtribe Eremophlepsiina Dmitriev, 2002 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Opsiini). Zootaxa 5270 (3): 573-583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8
021487A0D45B753A4FACDE85FB78F88B.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. The type series deposited in the ZMMU was studied. It includes male holotype (Figs. 1, 3), four male paratypes (Figs. 18 – 19, 35 – 36), and one female paratype with dark pattern labeled as E. rohdendorfi ab. marmorata (Fig. 2) from Repetek village, Kara-Kum Desert, Turkmenistan, at light at 11. VI. 1923 and two female paratypes without dark pattern from Ush-Adzhi, 65 km SW of Repetek, Kara-Kum Desert, Turkmenistan, at light at 6. V and 9. VI. 1923 collected by B. Rohdendorf and E. Smirnov. In the original description, for one female from Ush-Adzhi the collection date 15. V. 1923 instead of 6. V. 1923 is given (Zachvatkin, 1924). According to the original description, the type series includes not five, but seven males from Repetek. Dlabola (1963) gives drawings of the male paratype from Haupt’s collection (Figs. 21 – 22); this suggests that two males, which are absent in the ZMMU, were given by Zachvatkin to other specialists.	en	Tishechkin, Dmitri Yu. (2023): Contributions to the study of the subtribe Eremophlepsiina Dmitriev, 2002 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Opsiini). Zootaxa 5270 (3): 573-583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8
021487A0D45B753A4FACDE85FB78F88B.taxon	description	Description. Typically, yellowish white with indistinct traces of dark pattern on head, pro-, and mesonotum and light brown veins on forewings (Fig. 1). One female has two black spots on fore margin of head, four dark longitudinal stripes in fore part of body, and brown veins and darkened apices of forewings (Fig. 2). Aedeagus divided into two wide stems from very base; dorsally to each stem there is hook-like basal process (Figs. 18 – 19). Stem apices wide, comb-shaped, with teeth bent outward on inner edges (Fig. 19). Subgenital plates short, without macrosetae, only with thin hair-like setae; valve very large (Fig. 35). Styles stout, truncated at apices, bent outward in distal parts. Pygofer lobes widely rounded, with pointed, almost straight ventral processes, directed slightly dorsally (Fig. 36). Body length: ♁, 5.1 – 5.5 mm; ♀, 6.0 – 6.1 mm.	en	Tishechkin, Dmitri Yu. (2023): Contributions to the study of the subtribe Eremophlepsiina Dmitriev, 2002 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Opsiini). Zootaxa 5270 (3): 573-583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8
021487A0D45B753A4FACDE85FB78F88B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Turkmenistan, Kara-Kum desert.	en	Tishechkin, Dmitri Yu. (2023): Contributions to the study of the subtribe Eremophlepsiina Dmitriev, 2002 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Opsiini). Zootaxa 5270 (3): 573-583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8
021487A0D45B753A4FACDE85FB78F88B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. In Metcalf (1967) and McKamey (2000), E. rohdendorfi var. marmorata Zachvatkin, 1924 is listed as a subspecies. In fact, both on the label under the specimen and in his article, Zachvatkin uses the abbreviation “ ab. ” (“ aberration ”); therefore, in accordance with Article 45.6.2 of ICZN, this name should be considered infrasubspecific. Moreover, the female with brown pattern (E. rohdendorfi ab. marmorata) was collected in the same locality on the same date as the holotype and male paratypes and thus, is not a subspecies, but an infrasubspecific entity. For this reason, this name must be excluded from the species group (ICZN, Article 45.5). As already mentioned above, the aedeagus of members of this subtribe has a complex shape, so its appearance strongly depends on the angle from which it is viewed. This can be seen in the example of this species; even drawings of the aedeagus of males from the same series are difficult to compare (Figs. 18 – 22).	en	Tishechkin, Dmitri Yu. (2023): Contributions to the study of the subtribe Eremophlepsiina Dmitriev, 2002 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Opsiini). Zootaxa 5270 (3): 573-583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8
021487A0D45875394FACDCC4FD5AFA54.taxon	description	(Figs. 4 – 7, 23 – 34, 37 – 39, 41 – 44)	en	Tishechkin, Dmitri Yu. (2023): Contributions to the study of the subtribe Eremophlepsiina Dmitriev, 2002 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Opsiini). Zootaxa 5270 (3): 573-583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8
021487A0D45875394FACDCC4FD5AFA54.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Several series of specimens from southern Turkmenistan and southeastern Kazakhstan were studied.	en	Tishechkin, Dmitri Yu. (2023): Contributions to the study of the subtribe Eremophlepsiina Dmitriev, 2002 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Opsiini). Zootaxa 5270 (3): 573-583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8
021487A0D45875394FACDCC4FD5AFA54.taxon	description	Description. Pale yellowish with whitish forewings. Head with four black spots on fore margin, two spots in middle of crown on both sides of midline and two spots on hind margin. Pro- and mesonotum with numerous small dark spots of variable shape and size. Forewings with brown veins, darkened apices and fine line or speckled pattern in some cells; transverse veins on anterior margins broadly bordered with brown (Figs. 4 – 7). Ovipositor sometimes extends beyond forewings (Fig. 5). In aedeagus shape, similar to E. rohdendorfi but differs by stem apices with wider teeth and rounded outer margins and by basal hook-like processes with shorter tips (Figs. 23 – 26, 28 – 31). Basal processes can be situated close to penis stems (Fig. 26) or more dorsally (Fig. 24); due to this, lateral view of penis varies greatly (Figs. 23 – 26). Subgenital plates distinctly longer and styles narrower than in E. rohdendorfi (Figs. 37 – 38). Pygofer lobes are elongated at ends into narrow lobes, with ventral processes pointed and strongly bent dorsally (Fig. 39). In Dubovsky (1966), drawings of the aedeagus somewhat differ from our photographs (Figs. 27, 32), whereas drawings of the style and pygofer lobe exactly match our specimens. Body length: ♁, 3.8 – 4.1 mm; ♀ (to the ends of forewings or ovipositor if extends beyond forewings), 4.4 – 4.7 mm. Male calling signal. Signals of one male from southeastern Kazakhstan (Urzharsky Region, 27 km south of Taskesken, Artemisia sp. and other herbs in the steppe on the riverbank, 24. VI. 2022, recording at 32 oC) were investigated (Fig. 40). Calling signal is a phrase lasting from 6 – 7 up to 10 – 12 s in our recordings and consisting of uniform syllables (Figs. 41 – 44). Syllable repetition period averages 0.95 – 1.28 s. Syllable duration averages 0.27 – 0.46 s. Each syllable consists of partially merged pulses more distinct in its initial part (Figs. 43 – 44); in the end part of a phrase, pulses in syllables sometimes are almost indistinct.	en	Tishechkin, Dmitri Yu. (2023): Contributions to the study of the subtribe Eremophlepsiina Dmitriev, 2002 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Opsiini). Zootaxa 5270 (3): 573-583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8
021487A0D45875394FACDCC4FD5AFA54.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Steppes and semideserts of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and Tadzhikistan. Despite its wide distribution, E. parvulus is a rare and sporadically occurring species.	en	Tishechkin, Dmitri Yu. (2023): Contributions to the study of the subtribe Eremophlepsiina Dmitriev, 2002 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Opsiini). Zootaxa 5270 (3): 573-583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8
021487A0D45875394FACDCC4FD5AFA54.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The description of appearance and coloration of E. parvulus Dlabola, 1961 corresponds exactly to E. sexnotatus. The aedeagus of E. parvulus in dorsal view also almost does not differ from the aedeagus of E. sexnotatus (cf. Figs. 28 – 31 and 34). For this reason, we consider E. parvulus a junior synonym of E. sexnotatus. The drawing of the aedeagus in lateral view in Dlabola (1961) (Fig. 33) is similar to that of Dubovsky (1966) (Fig. 27) and was probably taken from the same angle. Listed as Phlepsius sexnotatus in Metcalf (1967) and McKamey (2000), but as Eremophlepsius sexnotatus in Dubovsky (1966), Nast (1972), and Zahniser (2007 – present). Genus Pseudo p hlepsius Zachvatkin, 1924	en	Tishechkin, Dmitri Yu. (2023): Contributions to the study of the subtribe Eremophlepsiina Dmitriev, 2002 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Opsiini). Zootaxa 5270 (3): 573-583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8
021487A0D458753D4FACDA77FEA7F88B.taxon	description	(Figs. 8 – 17, 45 – 71)	en	Tishechkin, Dmitri Yu. (2023): Contributions to the study of the subtribe Eremophlepsiina Dmitriev, 2002 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Opsiini). Zootaxa 5270 (3): 573-583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8
021487A0D458753D4FACDA77FEA7F88B.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Many specimens from northeastern Iran, southern Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, and the Lower Volga Region of Russia were studied.	en	Tishechkin, Dmitri Yu. (2023): Contributions to the study of the subtribe Eremophlepsiina Dmitriev, 2002 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Opsiini). Zootaxa 5270 (3): 573-583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8
021487A0D458753D4FACDA77FEA7F88B.taxon	description	Description. Pale yellowish with whitish forewings. Head, pro-, and mesonotum with numerous small dark spots; head also with two larger black spots on fore margin next to midline. Forewings with brown veins and with dense fine line or speckled pattern (Figs. 8 – 17). Intensity of dark pigmentation varies greatly even between specimens from same sample (Figs. 9 – 10, 11 – 12). Aedeagus U-shaped, stems wide, with denticles in distal halves on ventral side (Figs. 56 – 67). Stem apices broadly or narrowly rounded (for example, Figs. 59, 62 – 63), sometimes wide angular and obliquely cut (Figs. 58, 64, 66 – 67); specimens with different penis shape can be found in the same sample (Figs. 56 – 59). Basal processes narrower than in Eremophlepsius, curved inwards, with hook-like tips. Position of processes in relation to penis stems varies, which is visible in lateral view (Figs. 57 a – 62 a, 64 a – 67 a). Styles with long narrow tips evenly bent outward (Fig. 68). Valve large, subgenital plates without macrosetae, with elongated narrow tips. Pygofer lobes with rather narrow, rounded apices and pointed, almost straight, directed slightly dorsally ventral processes (Figs. 69 – 70). Body length: ♁, 4.6 – 5.4 mm; ♀, 5.7 – 6.4 mm. Male calling signal. Signals of males from four localities were investigated (Fig. 40). 1. Southern Turkmenistan, Dushak village, ca. 170 km SE of Ashkhabad, from Alhagi persarum in the desert, 19. V. 1990, signals of two males recorded at 26 oC. 2. Southeastern Kazakhstan, environs of Aksu village, 20 km N of Zhasagurov, from A. pseudalhagi near the river, 27. VI. 2019, signals of two males recorded at 29 – 31 oC. 3. Southeastern Kazakhstan, Urzharsky Region, 27 km south of Taskesken, A. pseudalhagi in the steppe on the riverbank, 24. VI. 2022, signals of three males recorded at 35 – 37 oC. 4. Russia, Lower Volga Region, Dosang Railway Station, ca. 60 km N of Astrakhan, from A. pseudalhagi in the desert, 2. VII. 2000, signals of three males recorded at 26 oC. Calling signal is a phrase lasting from 1 – 1.5 up to 4 s in our recordings (Figs. 45 – 48); phrase duration can vary between the males from the same locality (Figs. 45 – 46). Phrase begins with a variable train of pulses with lower amplitude and ends with a high-amplitude syllable usually consisting of four pulses (Figs. 49 – 55). Sometimes, one or several high-amplitude syllables also present in the middle part of a phrase (Figs. 51 – 53, 55). The ratio of the amplitudes of the initial part of the phrase and the final syllable also varies in males from the same locality (Figs. 54 – 55). As in other insects, pulse repetition period decreases with increasing temperature (cf. Figs. 51 and 52).	en	Tishechkin, Dmitri Yu. (2023): Contributions to the study of the subtribe Eremophlepsiina Dmitriev, 2002 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Opsiini). Zootaxa 5270 (3): 573-583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8
021487A0D458753D4FACDA77FEA7F88B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Morocco, Turkey, Moldova, Ukraine, southern European Russia, Transcaucasia, and Central Asia (Mityaev, 2002, 2015; Cao & Xing, 2022), eastwards as far as southern Siberia (Tyva; Vilbaste, 1980), Mongolia (Emelyanov, 1977), and China (Ningxia; Li et al., 2011). Rare species in the steppes of Eastern Europe, common in the semideserts and deserts of the Lower Volga Region and Central Asia.	en	Tishechkin, Dmitri Yu. (2023): Contributions to the study of the subtribe Eremophlepsiina Dmitriev, 2002 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Opsiini). Zootaxa 5270 (3): 573-583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8
021487A0D458753D4FACDA77FEA7F88B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Since this species is highly variable, some authors divided it into several subspecies and even into two species. According to Signoret (1880), the description of P. binotatus is based on the material from Sarepta (presently, the southern part of Volgograd) and Persia; it should be noted that old entomological materials with labels “ Sarepta ” in fact could have been collected in different localities throughout Volgograd and Astrakhan Oblasts. Signoret (1880) does not list type material and, accordingly, gave no indications whether Sarepta or Persia should be considered a type locality. Phlepsius comma was described from Kerki, southeastern Turkmenistan (Haupt, 1917) and later synonymized under Pseudophlepsius binotatus by the same author (Haupt, 1929). Zachvatkin (1953) believes that the taxon from the Lower Volga Region should be considered nominotypical and considers P. binotatus binotatus from the Lower Volga and P. binotatus comma from Central Asia to be different subspecies. Dubovsky (1966) shares his opinion, but raises the Asian taxon to the species rank and use for it the name P. comma. Comparison of specimens from Iran and the Lower Volga Region and of signal recordings from southern Turkmenistan and Astrakhan Oblast did not reveal any constant differences between East European and Asian populations and supported the synonymy established by Haupt (1929). Moreover, we did not find any differences supporting subspecific status of these taxa. In addition, Zachvatkin (1953) described two subspecies based on small differences in body proportions and coloration. Specimens of P. binotatus pseudalhageos from semidesert Mil Plain in Azerbaijan are absent in the collection of the ZMMU. According to the primary description, this taxon differs from other subspecies in coloration, the male body index and the so-called forewing index (the ratio of its length to width). The male body indices of P. binotatus pseudalhageos (3.39 – 3.46) and P. binotatus binotatus (3.45 – 3.56) slightly overlaps, but the forewing indices are different (3.24 – 3.40 and 3.10 – 3.15). Like specimens from the Lower Volga Region and Central Asia, P. binotatus pseudalhageos was collected from Alhagi. Zachvatkin (1953) suggests that P. binotatus pseudalhageos may also occur in northwestern Iran. In this regard, it would be very important to compare it with the Asian P. binotatus comma, but these data are absent in the article. Also, the maximum body width and, as a consequence, body index strongly depend on the position of the forewings, which can be seen by comparing, for example, Figs. 9 and 10 or 11 and 12, but Zachvatkin does not describe how it was measured. P. binotatus septentrionalis was described based on one male and two females from Kirov Oblast (eastern European Russia), where it was found on well-lit forest clearings. P. binotatus septentrionalis differs from P. binotatus binotatus by darker coloration and the male body index (3.73 vs. 3.45 – 3.56) but in females these indices overlap (3.48 – 3.57 and 3.25 – 3.51, respectively). Since Alhagi spp. are not distributed that far north, this subspecies certainly feeds on other plants. In the collection of ZMMU there are one male and two females of P. binotatus with rather dark coloration, with labels “ clearing in pine-deciduous forest ” without geographical data (Figs. 16 – 17, 67 – 67 a). Apparently, these are type specimens, since such a habitat is not usual for this species, and it is unlikely that the collection will include specimens from exactly the same biotope, but from another region. As can be seen on Figs. 9 – 12 and 14 – 15, light and dark colored specimens can be found in the same population. For this reason, coloration cannot be used for separation of subspecific taxa in this species. Description of new subspecies based on morphometric differences between small samples from geographically distant localities is incorrect because of the lack of material (in particular, in the case of P. binotatus septentrionalis) and because the absence of specimens from intermediate localities does not allow us to understand whether these samples are real subspecies or only different variants of clinal variability. Apparently, this incorrectness is attributable to the unfinished nature of Zachvatkin’s manuscript, because it was found in his archive and published after his death. Our data confirm that P. binotatus is heterogeneous in coloration and the aedeagus shape; however, it is impossible to identify clear boundaries between different populations from Alhagi spp. that would allow dividing it into subspecies. For clarification the status of P. binotatus septentrionalis, investigation of populations from other hosts is necessary.	en	Tishechkin, Dmitri Yu. (2023): Contributions to the study of the subtribe Eremophlepsiina Dmitriev, 2002 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Opsiini). Zootaxa 5270 (3): 573-583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8
021487A0D45375324FACDCC4FAA3FC07.taxon	description	(Figs. 72 – 73) This taxon is known to us only by the original description. Since it was published in Russian, here we provide its translation with comments in square brackets. “ Smaller and slenderer than previous [i. e., P. binotatus], pale colored species. Main body coloration ash gray. Pattern similar to that of P. comma Hpt. [= P. binotatus], but less dense and paler. Differs well from it in aedeagus structure. Lateral lobes of aedeagus ribbon-shaped in lateral view, with protrusion in upper half on dorsal side; their apices angularly pointed, not elongated. Dorsal process straight, fingershaped, smoothly pointed. Pygofer lobe process short, spiny. Body length: ♁, 5.0 – 5.2 mm; ♀, 6.2 mm. Uzbekistan, central Ferghana, Yazyavan Steppe between Khamzaabad and Yazyavan, four males, one female, two nymphs from Alhagi in dune sands, 8. VII. 1963 ”. For comparison, Dubovsky (1966) gives a drawing of the aedeagus of P. binotatus with elongated apices (Fig. 71). In fact, P. ferganensis does not differ from P. binotatus in the body length and only slightly if ever differs from it in the shape of aedeagus stem apices, since in P. binotatus their shape is highly variable. Still, it differs distinctly from P. binotatus by straight and smoothly pointed basal processes of aedeagus (Fig. 72). The shape of style is the same as in P. binotatus (Fig. 73).	en	Tishechkin, Dmitri Yu. (2023): Contributions to the study of the subtribe Eremophlepsiina Dmitriev, 2002 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Opsiini). Zootaxa 5270 (3): 573-583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.8
