identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
038B3619FFA7FFC79ABCBDC8FC1FFBAC.text	038B3619FFA7FFC79ABCBDC8FC1FFBAC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Toxorhinus Lacordaire 1866	<div><p>Toxorhinus Lacordaire, 1866</p> <p>Toxorhinus Lacordaire, 1866: 304. Type species Sitophilus banonii Guérin-Méneville, 1844 by monotypy.</p> <p>Complete synonymy is given in Alonso-Zarazaga &amp; Lyal 1999: 65.</p> <p>Diagnosis: Dryophthorinae with scutellum rhomboidal in shape, the greatest width at or near the middle; rostrum extremely long and slender, as long as length of pronotum and elytra combined (or nearly so),male rostrum denticulate dorsally throughout most of length, apical region of rostrum in both sexes expanded, flat, spatulate; mandibles elongate subtriangular, with inner margins parallel-sided and lacking teeth, not or barely touching medially; antenna with club with basal glabrous part with slender, stalk-like base, width at apex 3–4 times width at base; legs long and slender, femora narrow at base, somewhat abruptly clavate towards apex, tibia narrow on all legs, tarsomeres 1 and 2 extremely long, making up most of tarsal length; color pattern on pronotum and elytra composed of concentrated patches of extremely dense micropilosity contrasted with areas lacking such vestiture.</p> <p>Identification: The genus Toxorhinus can be recognized by the long, slender rostrum (about as long as the length of the pronotum and the elytra combined) (Figs 4–6) and the mandibles elongate subtriangular, with the inner margins parallel-sided and lacking teeth, not touching medially. The slender, stalk-like base of the glabrous part of the antennal club (Figs 4–6) is a character state not found in other Dryophthorinae. Anderson (2018) presented a key to Neotropical Litosomini.</p> <p>Diversity: There are two rather widely distributed species of Toxorhinus known, T. banonii (Guérin-Méneville, 1844) (Fig. 4) and T. grallarius (Lacordaire, 1866) (Fig. 5). Both are widespread in South America, north into southern Central America (Anderson 2002). The dorsal patterns of micropilosity are distinctive.</p> <p>Natural history: Little is known about the natural history of species in this genus. A few specimens of T. grallarius have been associated with dead palms in Brazil (Anderson 2018).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038B3619FFA7FFC79ABCBDC8FC1FFBAC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Anderson, Robert S.	Anderson, Robert S. (2023): A new species of Toxorhinus Lacordaire (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Dryophthorinae; Rhynchophorini) from Ecuador. Zootaxa 5270 (2): 337-342, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.2.9, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5270.2.9
038B3619FFA7FFC39ABCB94FFE26FE23.text	038B3619FFA7FFC39ABCB94FFE26FE23.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Toxorhinus amarillo Anderson 2023	<div><p>Toxorhinus amarillo Anderson, new species</p> <p>Figs 1–3, 6–11</p> <p>http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 4F121658-4A12-4AFD-9974-99D23AB78801</p> <p>Description: Length of male (excluding rostrum and pygydium) 7.4 mm, of female 7.5 mm. Matte black except for bright yellow patches of concentrated micropilosity as follows: two broad lines along lateral margins of pronotum in basal 2/3, lines widest at base, tapering apically; in a pair of variably sized spots medially on elytra extended from intervals 1 to 3; ventrally on prosternum in a broad band in front of procoxae; and ventrolaterally on posterior 1/3 of metanepisternum and adjacent area of metasternum (Figs 1–2, 6–8). Rostrum moderately long, straight in male, denticulate dorsally (Fig. 8), in female, longer, more-or-less straight towards base but apically strongly evenly curved (Figs. 6–7); rostrum about as long as length pronotum and elytra combined in male, longer in female, smooth, cylindrical; apical portion wider, dorsoventrally flattened, spatulate (especially so in male) (Fig. 9). Pronotum longer than wide, widest at about midlength; in lateral profile impressed subbasally. Prosternum, metasternum and abdominal ventrites 1–4 shining, impunctate except for some larger punctures laterally on abdominal ventrites, abdominal ventrite 5 directed ventrally, rounded at apex in male, apex produced posteriorly and narrowly subtruncate in female, with large, deep, dense punctures in both sexes; mesosternum with large, widely separated, shallow punctures. Elytra with striae very slightly impressed, indicated by a row of minute, shallow punctures; interstriae impunctate. Prothoracic legs with apical 3/5 of inner margin of tibia with a row of long, fine, wispy golden hairs in male (Fig. 10), such hairs absent in female (Fig. 6); metatibia of both sexes with similar but much denser row of long, fine, wispy, dense, golden hairs along apical 1/3 of inner margin, metatarsomeres 1 and 2 with similarly dense long, fine, wispy, golden hairs almost completely covering dorsal and lateral faces (Figs 3, 11); ventral surface of tarsomere 3 almost completely covered with pad of dense pilosity, dense pilosity limited to a small tuft at extreme apex of each of venter of tarsomeres 1 and 2. Male and female not dissected.</p> <p>Specimens examined: Holotype male, labeled Ecuador: Cotopaxi, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.998825&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.41391" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.998825/lat -0.41391)">Biochoa Otonga</a>, 2000m, -0.413910 - 78.998828, 22 Oct 2001, G. Onore (QCAZ). Paratype female, same data as holotype (CMNC). Additional images were examined as follows (not paratypes): iNaturalist images by Thomas Shahan (https://www.inaturalist.org/ observations/69696722), male, at San Miguel de los Bancos, Pichincha; Felipe Campos (https://www.inaturalist. org/observations/34407827), male, at Santo Domingo de los Colorados, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas.</p> <p>Differential diagnosis: The two previously described species of Toxorhinus are easily identified by their dorsal patterns of micropilosity (Figs 4–5). Toxorhinus amarillo is separated from these two species not only by the patches of bright yellow micropilosity laterally on the pronotum and in a pair of central spots on the elytra but especially by the long, wispy, fine bright golden hairs on the metatarsus and the apical portion of the inner margin of the metatibiae (Figs 3, 11). These hairs on the metathoracic legs are present in both sexes.</p> <p>Etymology: This species is named after the Spanish word for yellow, amarillo, drawing attention to the bright yellow micropilosity and golden hairs that adorn individuals of this species. It should be treated as a noun in apposition.</p> <p>Natural history: Unfortunately, neither of the collected specimens have any information about natural history. Similarly, the iNaturalist photographs do not have any information other than the locality. It is interesting to note that all records of this species are within a 50 km radius. This contrasts with the other two species in the genus, which are more widespread.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038B3619FFA7FFC39ABCB94FFE26FE23	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Anderson, Robert S.	Anderson, Robert S. (2023): A new species of Toxorhinus Lacordaire (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Dryophthorinae; Rhynchophorini) from Ecuador. Zootaxa 5270 (2): 337-342, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.2.9, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5270.2.9
