identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
5D78EE1D68B75DC7B65F6C2B91DFF08A.text	5D78EE1D68B75DC7B65F6C2B91DFF08A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Drypetes stevartii Sonke & Quintanar 2023	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 
Drypetes stevartii 
Sonke
&amp; Quintanar
 sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 2, 3, 4</p>
            <p>Type.</p>
            <p>
                  CAMEROON • [Littoral]  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 11.033334/lat 4.2)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=11.033334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.2">Binoum</a>
                 ; 4°12'N, 11°02'E; 22 Dec. 2022; fr.; B.  Sonké &amp; M. Simo 7127; holotype: YA; isotypes: BR, BRLU, E, K, MA [MA 959269], MO, P  . 
            </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p> Haec species a  Drypete verrucosa Pierre ex Hutch. stipulis 1.9-2.2 mm longis anguste triangularibus caducis, petiolis (2.6-)3-4.6(-5.1) mm longis confertim subtiliter rugosis, laminis foliorum (6.5-)7-11.1(-13.7) cm longis ad basim plerumque obliquis aliquando asymmetricis subter pubescentibus imprimis in nervis, inflorescentiis in truncum et ramorum principalium positis constantibus ex 1-7(-18) floribus, pedicello florum masculinorum (9.2-)14.7-20 mm longo, sepalis florum masculinorum 4.7-4.9 mm longis, disco florum masculinorum 3.1-3.3 mm diametro aliquantum exili sparsim pubescenti, staminibus 19-20, filamento 1.5-1.6 mm longo, anthera 2.2-2.4 mm longa anguste ellipsoidea sparsim pubescenti, pedicello florum femininorum 5.5-6.2 mm longo, sepalis florum femininorum 2.6-3.2 mm longis, disco florum femininorum 2.1-2.4 mm diametro glabro, fructibus (18-)20-29(-31)  × 17-23(-25) mm late ovoideis, exocarpio 1-3 mm lato phymatodeo brunneo diluto luteolo tum aurantiacescenti vel rubescenti differt. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> Tree up to 20 m tall, with plagiotropic sinuous branches; trunk up to 20 cm in diameter, fluted; bark greenish-brown, smooth, rough and flaking off when old, slash light brown, later dark brown; young branchlets subterete, slightly sulcate, dark-coloured when dry, sparingly and shortly pubescent, glabrescent, trichomes 0.1-0.3 mm; terminal buds scaly, scales 1.8-2.8  × 0.7-2 mm, ovate, firm, slightly keeled, shortly pubescent outside with trichomes 0.1-0.3 mm, glabrous inside, ciliate, cilia 0.1-0.3(-0.5) mm. Leaves: stipules 1.9-2.2  × 0.5-0.9 mm, narrowly triangular, sparsely and shortly pubescent outside, glabrescent, trichomes 0.2-0.3 mm, glabrous inside, sparingly ciliate near the base, cilia 0.2-0.4 mm, caducous; petiole (2.6-)3-4.6(-5.1) mm long, (0.9-)1.1-1.6(-1.8) mm in diameter, finely transversely wrinkled, sparsely and shortly pubescent, glabrescent, old ones slightly blistered, trichomes 0.1-0.4 mm; blade (6.5-)7-11.1(-13.7)  × (2.8-)3-5.8(-6.4) cm, elliptic, papery to subcoriaceous, base acute, sometimes slightly obtuse, oblique, sometimes asymmetrical, rounded on one side, basal sides usually meeting the petiole at the same point, margin crenulate-serrulate for most of its length, crenulae/teeth 0.1-0.6 mm, acute, frequently blunt, flat to slightly recurved near the blade base, shortly acuminate, apex 4-8 mm, abaxial surface between the nerves glabrous; midrib smooth, slightly longitudinally wrinkled when dry, glabrous; first order lateral veins 5-8 pairs, ascending, more or less regularly spaced, slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, courses curved and anastomosing well within the margin, oriented at (55-)60-73(-77)° to the midrib, glabrous; second order venation loosely reticulate, hardly or not raised above, slightly so beneath. Male inflorescence borne on small cushion-like excrescences of the trunk and main branches (categories I and II), in clusters of (1-)3-7 flowers; bracts 0.7-0.8  × 0.5-0.9 mm, ovate to suborbicular, minutely pubescent outside, glabrous inside, minutely ciliate, trichomes and cilia 0.1-0.2 mm, barely distinguishable. Male flowers pedicellate, yellowish green or brownish green; pedicel (9.2-)14.7-20 mm long, 0.5-0.9 mm in diameter, slender, very sparingly and shortly pubescent, trichomes 0.1-0.2 mm; sepals 5-6, 4.7-4.9  × 4.2-5.1 mm, widely ovate, acute, cucullate, imbricate, the outer often smaller than the inner, glabrous outside and inside, margin minutely ciliate for most of its length, cilia 0.1-0.2 mm; stamens 19-20, one-whorled, surrounding the disc, more or less enveloped by its marginal lobes, filaments 1.5-1.6 mm, white, anthers 2.2-2.4 mm long, 0.6-0.8 mm in diameter, narrowly ellipsoid, sub-basifixed, introrse, pale yellow, sparsely pubescent, trichomes 0.1-0.2 mm; disc ca 0.2 mm high, 3.1-3.3 mm in diameter, rather flat, thin, rugose, sparsely and minutely pubescent, trichomes to 0.1 mm, pistillode to 0.4 mm, laminate, 3-branched. Female inflorescence borne on small cushion-like excrescences of the trunk and main branches (categories I and II), in clusters of 1-7(-18) flowers; bracts 0.7-1.1  × 0.5-0.6 mm, otherwise similar to the male ones. Female flowers pedicellate, yellowish green or brownish green, sometimes pinkish; pedicel (5.5-)12-26 mm long, 0.5-0.9 mm in diameter, more or less robust, very sparingly and shortly pubescent, trichomes 0.1-0.2 mm; sepals 5-6, 2.6-3.2  × 2.5-3.4 mm, otherwise similar to the male ones; disc 0.2-0.3 mm high, 2.1-2.4 mm in diameter, concave, cupulate, fleshy, glabrous; style 1, sessile, unbranched; stigmas 3, obdeltoid, stigmatic surface ca 0.5 mm long, 1.1-1.2 mm wide; ovary 1.3-1.4 mm long, 2-2.2 mm in diameter, subglobose, 3-celled, densely and minutely pubescent, trichomes 0.1-0.2 mm. Fruits (18-)20-29(-31) mm long, 17-23(-25) mm in diameter, widely ovoid, with caducous sepals and stigmas, exocarp warty, yellowish brown turning orange or red when ripe, shortly pubescent, trichomes 0.1-0.4 mm, mesocarp 1-3 mm thick when dried, hard, endocarp 0.8-1.3 mm thick, bony, 3(-4)-seeded; seeds ca 16.8 mm long, ca 17.2 mm in diameter; fruiting pedicel (15-)21-39(-42) mm long, 1.7-3.6 mm in diameter, very sparingly and shortly pubescent, trichomes 0.1-0.2(-0.4) mm. </p>
            <p>Distribution and chorology.</p>
            <p>Cameroon (Centre, East, Littoral, and West Regions) and eastern Nigeria (Adamawa) (Fig. 2). Lower Guinea subcentre of endemism (White 1979).</p>
            <p>Habitat.</p>
            <p>Primary or secondary evergreen and semi-deciduous forests; at 230-620 m a.s.l.</p>
            <p>Phenology.</p>
            <p>Flowering specimens were collected in October and November, and fruiting specimens from November to April.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p> According to the wishes of Bonaventure  Sonké , the collector of the type specimen, we have named this new species after the botanist Tariq  Stévart (b. 1974, Coordinator, West and Central Africa Program, Missouri Botanical Garden, Africa &amp; Madagascar Department), in recognition of his helpful collaboration to our research on  Drypetes and especially of his constant support to the second and third authors. </p>
            <p>Preliminary IUCN conservation assessment.</p>
            <p> Drypetes stevartii is known from 26 gatherings representing 24 occurrences and three to seven subpopulations. The extent of occurrence (EOO) is estimated to be 88,152 km2, far exceeding the upper limit for Vulnerable under subcriterion B1, whereas the area of occupancy (AOO) is estimated to be 60 km2, which falls within the limits for Endangered under subcriterion B2. One occurrence is located within the Gangume Forest Reserve in Nigeria (one location), five others are located within the Mpem et Djim National Park in Cameroon (one location), while the two occurrences located at Bilangue and Kikot do not appear under threat (one location). The rest of the occurrences are located outside of protected areas and are threatened by small-scale shifting agriculture (5 locations), industrial sugar plantations (one location), logging (located in a logging concession, representing one location), and quarrying for a dam project (one location). These activities indicate a decline in the quality and extent of the habitat of the species. With regard to the most serious plausible threat (shifting agriculture), the 24 occurrences represent 11 locations (sensu IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2022), which is just more than the upper limit for Vulnerable under the condition  ‘a’ of subcriterion B2. We consider that habitat loss will continue in the near future, leading to the disappearance of the 5 occurrences threatened by quarrying. These future disappearances will thus lead to a continuing decline in AOO, number of locations, and mature individuals.  Drypetes stevartii is therefore assessed as Near Threatened (NT). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  CAMEROON - Centre • Goura; [4°33'N, 11°24'E]; Nov. 1938; fr.; H.  Jacques-Félix 2383; P [P04765168, P04765171, P04765172, P04765173] • Goura, entre Bafia et Ntui; [4°33'N, 11°24'E]; fl. ♂; B. Mpom 520; P [P04707491], YA [YA0029435] • Mindou; 5°10'N, 11°35'E; 20 Jan. 2020; fr.; B.  Sonké &amp; M. Simo 6398; YA • Mpem et Djim, Malabo, plot Mpem 001, tag 245; 5°01'N, 11°39'E; 14 Feb. 2019; fr.; IRD plot 2354 (B.  Sonké &amp; al.); BRLU, YA • Parc National du Mpem et Djim; 5°08'N, 11°32'E; 12 Dec. 2022; fr.; F. Nzoyeuem &amp; H. Leblanc 158; BR, BRLU, MA, MO, YA • Parc National du Mpem et Djim, Kounoungou; 5°02'N, 11°37'E; veg.; 24 Mar. 2023; B.  Sonké &amp; al. 7267; BR, BRLU, MO, YA • Parc National du Mpem et Djim, Kounoungou; 5°01'N, 11°36'E; fr.; 27 Mar. 2023; B.  Sonké &amp; al. 7303; BR, BRLU, MO, P, YA • Vers Biakoa  à 117 km de  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 14.733334/lat 3.15)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=14.733334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=3.15">Ntui</a>
                 ; [4°33'N, 11°28'E]; 18 Nov. 1969; fr.; B. Mpom 535; P [P04707489, P04707490], YA [YA0029434] • Versant septentrional des monts Meiki (983 m) au  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 14.733334/lat 3.15)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=14.733334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=3.15">Sud de Ndo</a>
                 (25 km NNE  d’Esse ); [4°19'N, 11°58'E]; 9 Nov. 1969; fl. ♀, fr.; R. Letouzey 9543; BR [BR0000015776754], COI, P [P04707446], YA, WAG [WAG.1564736]. - East • 60 km south of  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 14.733334/lat 3.15)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=14.733334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=3.15">Yokadouma</a>
                 , 30 km after Ngato, 15 km after river, ALPICAM 'base de  vie’ , then on forestry road starting 4 km before  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 14.733334/lat 3.15)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=14.733334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=3.15">Masea
village
</a>
                 ; 3°09'N, 14°44'E; 4 Mar. 2019; fr.; T.L.P. Couvreur &amp; al. 1194; YA  . -   Littoral • Bilangue; 4°10'N, 11°00'E; 29 Apr. 2022; fr.; B.  Sonké &amp; al. 6975; BR, BRLU [BRLU0032163], K, MO, P, WAG, YA • Bindamongo, km 106.5 sur route  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 11.166667/lat 5.4)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=11.166667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.4">Yaounde-Bafia</a>
                 ,  à 15 km WNW de Ntui; [4°31'N, 11°30'E]; 18 Nov. 1969; fl. ♂; R. Letouzey 9568; BR [BR0000015776730], P [P04707231], YA [YA0029469] •  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 11.166667/lat 5.4)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=11.166667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.4">Bindamongo</a>
                 , km 106,5 sur route  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 11.166667/lat 5.4)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=11.166667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.4">Yaounde-Bafia</a>
                 ,  à 15 km WNW de Ntui; [4°31'N, 11°30'E]; 18 Nov. 1969; fr.; R. Letouzey 9568bis, BR [BR0000015776747], P [P04707227], YA [YA0029462] •  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 11.166667/lat 5.4)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=11.166667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.4">Binoum</a>
                 ; 4°12'N, 11°02'E; 18 Oct. 2022; fl. ♂; B.  Sonké 7097; BR, BRLU, M, MA [MA 959273], MO, P, YA • Binoum; 4°12'N, 11°02'E; 18 Oct. 2022; fl. ♀; B.  Sonké 7096; BR, BRLU, M, MA [MA 959272], MO, P, YA • Binoum; 4°12'N, 11°01'E; 18 Oct. 2022; fl. ♀; B.  Sonké 7095; BR, BRLU, M, MA [MA 959277], MO, P, YA • Binoum; 4°12'N, 11°02'E; 18 Oct. 2022; fr.; B.  Sonké 7094; BR, BRLU, E, MA [MA 959271], P n.v., YA • Binoum; 4°12'N, 11°02'E; 13 Oct. 2022; fr.; B.  Sonké &amp; M. Libalah 7074; BR, BRLU, MA [MA 959276], MO, P, YA • Binoum; 4°12'N, 11°02'E; 13 Oct. 2022; fr.; B.  Sonké &amp; M. Libalah 7072; BR, BRLU, MA [MA 959275], MO, P, YA • Binoum; 4°12'N, 11°02'E; 13 Oct. 2022; fr.; B.  Sonké &amp; M. Libalah 7071; BR, BRLU, M, MA [MA 959274], MO, P, YA • Binoum; 4°12'N, 11°02'E; 22 Dec. 2022, fr.; B.  Sonké &amp; M. Simo 7126; BR, BRLU, E, K, MA [MA 959270], MO, P, YA • Binoum, sur une coline; 4°12'N, 11°02'E; 15 Oct. 2022; fl. ♂; F. Nzoyeuem &amp; al. 149; BRLU, YA • Kikot, en Aval du pont sur la Sanaga; 4°09'N, 11°00'E; 10 Nov. 2022; fl. ♀; TRCam plot 618 (F. Nzoyeuem &amp; al.); BRLU, YA. - West •  Près Mankare, 45 km SE Foumban; [5°24'N, 11°10'E]; 23 Oct. 1974; fl. ♀, fr.; R. Letouzey 12989; BRLU [BRLU0000164], MO [MO-5594595], P [P04707473], YA [YA0029404]  . 
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            <p>
                  NIGERIA - Adamawa •  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 11.183333/lat 7.9333334)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=11.183333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=7.9333334">Gangumi</a>
                 , on the second mile line from the base line; [7°56'N, 11°11'E]; 11 Dec. 1954; fr.; FHI 28890 (M.G. Latilo &amp; B.O. Daramola); FHO [FHO 00018584], K [2 sheets]  . 
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5D78EE1D68B75DC7B65F6C2B91DFF08A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quintanar, Alejandro;Sonke, Bonaventure;Simo-Droissart, Murielle;Barbera, Patricia;Libalah, Moses;Harris, David J.	Quintanar, Alejandro, Sonke, Bonaventure, Simo-Droissart, Murielle, Barbera, Patricia, Libalah, Moses, Harris, David J. (2023): A matter of warts: a taxonomic treatment for Drypetes verrucosa (Putranjivaceae, Malpighiales) and a new cauliflorous species from Cameroon and Nigeria, D. stevartii. Plant Ecology and Evolution 156 (2): 160-173, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.102004, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.102004
84FC3075E3F153D89D2BCC4550747D4C.text	84FC3075E3F153D89D2BCC4550747D4C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Drypetes verrucosa Pierre ex Hutch. (Hutchinson 1912	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Drypetes verrucosa Pierre ex Hutch. (Hutchinson 1912: 677)</p>
            <p>Figs 1, 2</p>
            <p>Type.</p>
            <p>
                  GABON • [Estuaire] Environs de Libreville,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 9.5/lat 0.41666666)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=9.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.41666666">Sibang</a>
                 , [0°25'N, 9°30'E]; 23 Oct. 1902; fl. ♀, fr.; T.J. Klaine 2382; lectotype (designated here): P [P04777265]; isolectotypes: BM, BR [BR0000006238162, BR0000006238490, BR0000006238827, BR0000006239152], K [K000406384, K000406385], P [P04777262, P04777263, P04777264, P04777266]; syntypes  :   GABON • [Estuaire] Environs de Libreville; 19 Feb. 1902; fl. ♀, fr.; T.J. Klaine 2482; BM, K, P [P04777258, P04777259, P04777260, P04777261] •  Environs de Libreville ; 26 Dec. 1901; fl. ♀, fr.; T.J. Klaine 2589; P [P04777257, P04777267]  ). 
            </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> Tree up to 25 m tall, with plagiotropic branches; trunk up to 16 cm in diameter, fluted or slightly fluted at the base; bark greenish-brown, smooth, rough and flaky when old; young branchlets subterete, slightly sulcate, shortly pubescent, trichomes 0.1-0.3(-0.6) mm; terminal buds scaly, scales 2.5-2.6  × 0.7-1 mm, ovate, firm, slightly keeled, shortly pubescent outside with trichomes 0.1-0.3 mm, glabrous inside, ciliate, cilia 0.1-0.3 mm. Leaves: stipules (3.7-)5.9-8(-12.5)  × 0.2-0.5 mm, linear, laciniate, often with a single lacinia of 1.5-4.1 mm near the base, sometimes with 1-2 pairs of lateral laciniae, shortly pubescent outside, glabrous inside, ciliate, trichomes 0.2-0.5 mm, cilia 0.2-0.4 mm, subpersistent; petiole (4.5-)5.2-6.7(-9) mm long, (1.4-)1.7-2 mm in diameter, smooth or hardly wrinkled when dried, densely and shortly pubescent, glabrescent when old, trichomes 0.1-0.2(-0.3) mm; blade (9.3-)11-16.6(-17.7)  × (3.4-) 5.4-7.6(-8.8) cm, elliptic to broadly elliptic, papery to subcoriaceous, glossy and dark-medium green above, dull pale green beneath, base slightly obtuse to obtuse, markedly asymmetrical, rounded on one side, less often oblique, basal sides meeting the petiole up to 0.4 mm apart along the petiole length, margin crenulate-serrulate for most of its length, teeth to 1.3(-2.4) mm, acute, frequently blunt, flat to slightly recurved near the blade base, shortly acuminate, apex 10-20 mm, abaxial surface between the nerves sparingly pubescent, trichomes 0.1-0.4 mm; midrib smooth, slightly longitudinally wrinkled when dry, shortly and densely pubescent, trichomes 0.1-0.5 mm; first order lateral veins 6-8 pairs, ascending, more or less regularly spaced, slightly depressed above, prominent beneath, curved and anastomosing well within the margin, oriented at (49-)63-74(-79)° to the midrib, minutely pubescent, trichomes 0.1-0.2 mm; second order venation loosely reticulate, hardly or not raised above, slightly so beneath. Male inflorescence borne on more or less horizontal cushion-like excrescences of the trunk (category I), in many-flowered clusters, often in groups of 30 or more flowers; bracts 0.6-0.9  × 0.7-0.8 mm, ovate to suborbicular, minutely pubescent outside, glabrous inside, minutely ciliate, trichomes and cilia 0.1-0.2 mm, barely distinguishable with a  × 10 handlens. Male flowers long pedicellate, pinkish; pedicel 22-35(-40) mm long, 0.3-0.7 mm in diameter, slender, very sparingly and shortly pubescent, trichomes 0.1-0.2 mm; sepals (4-)5, 4.9-5.3  × 4.1-5.5 mm, widely ovate to suborbicular, cucullate, imbricate, the inner often smaller than the outer, glabrous outside and inside, margin margin minutely ciliate for most of its length, cilia 0.1-0.2 mm; stamens 14-16, one-whorled, surrounding the disc, more or less enveloped by its marginal lobes, filaments 4.4-4.5(-9.8) mm, white, anthers 1.2-1.5(-2) mm long, 0.9-1(-1.3) mm in diameter, ellipsoid, cream-coloured, subbasifixed to dorsifixed, introrse, pale yellow, glabrous; disc (0.3-) 0.8-0.9 mm high, (2.7-)4.3-4.7 mm in diameter, convex, thick, very rugose, cream-coloured, densely and shortly pubescent, trichomes 0.1-0.3 mm, pistillode absent. Female inflorescence borne on cushion-like excrescences of the trunk (category I), in clusters of 10-35 flowers; bracts (0.6-)0.9-1.1  × 0.7-0.9 mm, otherwise similar to the male ones. Female flowers pedicellate; pedicel (6.3-)7.9-13.2(-20) mm long, 0.9-1.4 mm in diameter, robust, sparsely and minutely pubescent, glabrescent, trichomes 0.1-0.2 mm; sepals 5, 5-5.7  × (4-)6-6.3 mm, otherwise similar to the male ones; disc 0.9-1 mm high, (2.5-)4.2-4.4 mm in diameter, concave, cupulate, fleshy, shortly pubescent, more densely towards the margin, trichomes 0.2-0.3 mm; style 1, to 0.5 mm, unbranched; stigmas 3, obdeltoid, stigmatic surface 1.9-2.5 mm long, 1.3-3(-3.4) mm wide; ovary 2.4-3.4 mm long, 4.1-4.7 mm in diameter, subglobose, 3(-4)-celled, densely and shortly pubescent, trichomes 0.2-0.5 mm. Fruits (27-) 29.5-34(-38.1) mm long, (15-)23-29 mm in diameter, ellipsoid, sepals, style, and stigmas caducous, exocarp uneven, yellowish brown turning yellowish orange when ripe, shortly pubescent, trichomes 0.1-0.3 mm, mesocarp 2-5 mm thick when dried, hard, endocarp 1-2 mm thick, bony, 1-3-seeded; seeds 17.1-21 mm long, 8-9 mm in diameter; fruiting pedicel 21-33 mm long, 1.2-2.7 mm in diameter, sparsely and shortly pubescent, trichomes 0.1-0.3 mm. </p>
            <p>Distribution and chorology.</p>
            <p> Endemic to Gabon, mostly distributed in the northwest: Estuaire,  Moyen-Ogooué ,  Ngounié , and Woleu-Ntem (Fig. 2). Lower Guinea subcentre of endemism (White 1979). </p>
            <p>Habitat.</p>
            <p>Primary or secondary evergreen forests, sandy or calcareous soils, sometimes on periodically flooded soils; at 40-205 m a.s.l.</p>
            <p>Phenology.</p>
            <p>Flowering specimens were collected from June to February, and fruiting specimens from October to April.</p>
            <p>Nomenclature.</p>
            <p> Hutchinson described  D. verrucosa on the basis of three gatherings made by  Théophile J. Klaine in the surroundings of Libreville in 1901 and 1902 ("Lower Guinea. Gaboon: in the neighbourhood of Libreville, Klaine 2382 2482! 2589!", see Hutchinson 1912), as well as on an unnumbered illustration with analysis drawn by E. Delpy in 1902 (February), based on Klaine 2589, kept in the herbarium of the National Museum of Natural History in Paris and previously reproduced in Harris et al. (2021). We have chosen the specimen P04777265 of the gathering Klaine 2382 as lectotype, since we consider it to be the most suitable specimen located among the syntypes cited in the protologue. The illustration belongs to the Tabulae herbarii L. Pierre (Delpy 18??-19??) opera utique rej., a suppressed work (Rijckevorsel 2011; Turland et al. 2018). Consequently the designation "  Cyclostemon verrucosus " is not effectively published in those printed and distributed drawings, and not validly published in the protologue of  D. verrucosa as it is listed as a synonym. Therefore, we have not listed it above. </p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p>The specific epithet comes from the Latin adjective verrucosus, which means warty, rough, or rugged. Hutchinson (1912) did not specify the reason for the epithet of this species name in the protologue, though it seems reasonable to assume that he referred to the rough, uneven surface of the fruit.</p>
            <p>Preliminary IUCN conservation assessment.</p>
            <p> Drypetes verrucosa is known from 20 gatherings made from the beginning of the XXth century to 2021. However, we have excluded from our analysis three historical gatherings made in the area of Libreville (Klaine 2382, 2482, and 2589) and the region between  Ogooué and Cameroon (Le Testu s.n.) because their localities are too imprecise. The 16 remaining gatherings represent 14 ocurrences and 9-11 subpopulations. The extent of occurrence (EOO) is estimated to be 25,131 km2, which falls within the limits for Near Threatened under subcriterion B1, whereas the area of occupancy (AOO) is estimated to be 56 km2, which falls within the limits for Endangered under subcriterion B2. Two occurrences are located within protected areas: one within Pongara National Park and another within Akanda National Park. Six occurrences are located within six different forestry concessions and are threatened by logging activities. The two occurrences at  Mabounié are threatened by ongoing mining exploration activities. One occurrence at the Ndombo oil concession area is threatened by sand extraction. The other three occurrences from Lambarene (  Moyen-Ogooué ), Mondah-Liby (Estuaire), and Lalara (Woleu-Ntem) are threatened by (local) wood harvesting. These activities indicate a decline in the extent and habitat quality of the species. As a consequence, the 14 occurrences represent 13 locations (sensu IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2022), with regard to the most serious plausible threats (sand extraction and mining exploration activities), being more than the upper limit for Vulnerable under subcriterion B2. We consider that habitat loss will continue in the near future, which could lead to the disappearance of at least two occurrences, representing two locations. These future disappearances will thus lead to a continuing decline in AOO, number of locations, and mature individuals.  Drypetes verrucosa is therefore assessed as Near Threatened (NT). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p> GABON - Estuaire • Concession Sud Estuaire,  rivière Remboué ; 0°07'S, 9°52'E; 19 Jun. 2021; fl. ♂; J. Klein &amp; al. 564; BR n.v., BRLU, P n.v. • Mondah-Liby; [0°46'N, 9°38'E]; 30 Sep. 1952; veg.; F. Bernard 889; LBV [LBV0030789] image, NHN [NHN4557230] n.v. • National Park Akanda, Ngounzi  débarcadère ; 0°34'N, 9°41'E; 11 Dec. 2012; fr.; E.L.A.N. Simons &amp; al. 1001; BR n.v., LBV n.v., MO [MO-6561895] • Ndombo oil-concession area of CONOCO, ca 4 km SW of No Ayong; 0°37'N, 9°39'E; 22 Feb. 1991; fr.; J.M. Reitsma 3683; LBV [LBV0030851] image •  Remboué ; [0°02'N, 9°50'E]; 30 Jul. 1951; veg.; Sabire &amp; S. Etasse 340; LBV image. -  Moyen-Ogooué • Au Nord-est du lac Azingo; 0°19'S, 10°03'E; 4 Jun. 2014; veg.; A. Boupoya &amp; al. 944; BR [BR0000016171442], BRLU n.v. • Au sud de  Lambaréné , entre 5 et 10 km depuis la ville, entre  l’Ogooué et la route de Fougamou; 0°55'S, 10°21'E; 15 Apr. 2015; fr.; E. Bidault &amp; al. 1940; BR [BR0000016172166], BRLU [BRLU0002958] n.v., P [P00854948] •  Lambaréné , along the  Ogooué stream; 0°53'S, 10°09'E; 15 Oct. 2012; fl. ♂; B.  Sonké &amp; al. 6041; BR [BR0000024385589], BRLU, MO [MO-6729952] • Route menant au lac Azingo,  à 35 km au nord-ouest de  Lambarené ; 0°27'S, 10°05'E; 26 Oct. 2014; fl. ♂; E. Bidault &amp; al. 1861; MO [MO-6681694] • Zone de  Mabounié ,  à 45 km au sud-ouest de  Lambaréné , rive nord de la  rivière Ngounié ; 0°45'S, 10°36'E; 4 Feb. 2013; fr.; E. Bidault &amp; al. 1054; BRLU [BRLU0000151], LBV image, MO [MO-6729953], NHN [NHN1380674] n.v., P [P00854579] • Zone de  Mabounié ,  à environ 45 km au sud-est de  Lambaréné , rive ouest de la  Ngounié , plot Mabou 009; 0°49'S, 10°29'E; 14 Oct. 2012; veg.; IRD plot 332 (N. Barbier &amp; al.); BRLU • Zone de  Mabounié ,  à environ 45 km au sud-est de  Lambaréné , rive ouest de la  Ngounié , plot Mabou 009; 0°49'S, 10°29'E; 14 Oct. 2012; veg.; IRD plot 331 (N. Barbier &amp; al.); BRLU. -  Ngounié •  Forêt au Nord de  Lambarénékili ,  à environ 5 km au nord de la  rivière Niambo-Kamba; [1°26'S, 10°17'E]; 15 Aug. 2008; veg.; G. Dauby &amp; al. 1375; BRLU • Sindara; 1°02'S, 10°39'E; 16 Jul. 1979; fl. ♂; G.M.P.C. Le Testu 2291; B [B 10 0366532], BM, BR [BR0000015019523, BR0000015019547], K, LISC, P [P04777254, P04777255, P04777256]. - Woleu-Ntem • [La] Lara; [0°21'N, 11°28'E]; 27 Oct. 1933; fl. ♂; G.M.P.C. Le Testu 9349; K, BM, BR [BR0000015019554], MO [MO-5594599], P [P04707826], WAG [WAG.1564868] • [La] Lara; [0°21'N, 11°28'E]; 27 Oct. 1933; fl. ♀; G.M.P.C. Le Testu 9347; K, BM, BR [BR0000015777539], P [P04707828, P04707829, P04707831], WAG [WAG.1564872, WAG.1564873] •  Région entre  Ogooué et Cameroon; 19 May 1936; veg.; G.M.P.C. Le Testu s.n.; P [P04707827, P04707830]. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/84FC3075E3F153D89D2BCC4550747D4C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Quintanar, Alejandro;Sonke, Bonaventure;Simo-Droissart, Murielle;Barbera, Patricia;Libalah, Moses;Harris, David J.	Quintanar, Alejandro, Sonke, Bonaventure, Simo-Droissart, Murielle, Barbera, Patricia, Libalah, Moses, Harris, David J. (2023): A matter of warts: a taxonomic treatment for Drypetes verrucosa (Putranjivaceae, Malpighiales) and a new cauliflorous species from Cameroon and Nigeria, D. stevartii. Plant Ecology and Evolution 156 (2): 160-173, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.102004, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.102004
