identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
0A1187A2160CFFD7FF5BF92C3B94CC78.text	0A1187A2160CFFD7FF5BF92C3B94CC78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Vespidae	<div><p>KEY TO THE GENERA AND SUBGENERA OF ITALIAN VESPIDAE</p> <p>1. Apical antennomeres forming a club (Fig. 1 a, e). Fore wing with two submarginal cells, first discoidal cell touching medial cell (Fig. 1 c)...................2, Masarinae</p> <p>- Apical antennomeres normal, not forming a club (Fig. 1 b). Fore wings with three submarginal cells, first discoidal cell not touching medial cell (Fig. 1 d)...............3</p> <p>2. Sides of tergites pointed, forming more or less triangular projections (Fig. 1 f); metasoma flattened on ventral side. Scape short and spherical (Fig. 1 a). Occipital carina complete.......................... Celonites Latreille, 1802</p> <p>- Sides of tergites regularly rounded (Fig. 1 g); metasoma cylindrical. Scape more or less cylindrical, longer than following segment (Fig. 1 e). Occipital carina incomplete............................. Jugurtia de Saussure, 1854</p> <p>3. Tarsal claws bifid (Fig. 1 h). Gena strongly tapering below, posterobasal corner of mandible nearly touching ocular margin (Fig. 1 j).............................4, Eumeninae</p> <p>- Tarsal claws simple (Fig. 1 i). Gena not tapering below, posterobasal corner of mandible widely separated from ocular margin (Fig. 1 k).............................................43</p> <p>4. Second recurrent vein received by third submarginal cell (Fig. 2 a). Very long mouthparts, reaching hind coxae (Fig.2c).Clypeuslaterallyexpandedbysubtriangularexpansions.......................................................................5</p> <p>- Both recurrent vein received by second submarginal cell (Fig. 2 b). Mouthparts short and barely exceeding mandibles, if long then not reaching hind coxae (Fig. 2 d). Clypeus not expanded......................................................6</p> <p>5. Metasoma sessile (Fig. 2 e)........................................................................................ Psiliglossa Saunders, 1852</p> <p>- Metasoma petiolate (Fig. 2 f).................................................................................. Raphiglossa Saunders, 1850</p> <p>6. Mid tibia with two apical spurs (Fig. 2 g)..................................................................... Discoelius Latreille, 1809</p> <p>- Midtibiawithoneapicalspur(Fig.2h)...........................7</p> <p>7. 7. Metasoma petiolate, T1 several times longer than wide and narrower than half of T2 (Fig. 3 a)...................8</p> <p>- Metasoma sessile, T1 at most slightly narrower than T2 (Fig. 3 b-d).................................................................11</p> <p>8. T2 with an apical black or translucent lamella, sharply separated from the rest of the tergite by a step (Fig. 3 e)............................................... Eumenes Latreille, 1802</p> <p>- T2 without an apical lamella, at most with a narrow decolorate margin not separated by a step (Fig. 3 f).........9</p> <p>9. Apical margin of clypeus convex (Fig. 3 g). In male, fore tarsomeres shortened and with lateral spine (Fig. 3 i), mid basitarsus with usually convex lateral margin....................................... Katamenes Meade-Waldo, 1910</p> <p>- Apical margin of clypeus truncated or concave (Fig. 3 h). In male, tarsi not modified.........................................10</p> <p>10. T1 very long and narrow, parallel-sided in the posterior two thirds and dorsally flattened (Fig. 4 a)...................................................... Ischnogasteroides Magretti, 1884</p> <p>- T1 pyriform, widened in the apical half and dorsally convex (Fig. 4 b)...................... Delta de Saussure, 1855</p> <p>11. Second submarginal cell petiolate (Fig. 4 c). Tegulae large, covering parategulae (Fig. 4 d)........................................................................... Alastor Lepeletier, 1841</p> <p>- Second submarginal cell not petiolate. Tegulae different, parategulae well visible (Fig. 4 e-f)..............................12</p> <p>12. Tegulae elliptical, posteriorly rounded (Fig. 4 e). Antenna of male apically spiraled (Fig. 4 g)..........................13</p> <p>- Tegulae with a pointed posterior lobe, more or less developed but always evident (Fig. 4 f). Antenna of male apically simple or hooked (Fig. 8 g-h).........................21</p> <p>13. Labialpalpi3-segmented,elongatedandwithlongfringes of setae at least in the female(Fig.5 a-c).Elongate mouth - parts...........................................................................14</p> <p>- Labial palpi with 4-segmented, short and with very sparse short setae in both sexes (Fig. 5 d). Short mouthpa rts...............................................................................16</p> <p>14. Maxillary palpi 5-segmented. Third segment of labial palpi narrow and parallel-sided, with long fringes of setae in both sexes (Fig. 5 a). Apical margin of clypeus widely truncate (Fig. 5 e)........ Pterocheilus Klug, 1805</p> <p>- Maxillary palpi 6-segmented. Labial palpi different........................................................................................15</p> <p>15. 15. Third segment of labial palpi narrower than preceding one, ending in a long narrow point (Fig. 5 b). Male lacking apical fringes of setae on sternites.......................................................... Hemipterochilus Ferton, 1909</p> <p>- Third segment of labial palpi wider than preceding one, flattened and with curved margins, apically rounded (Fig. 5 c). Male with apical fringes of dense setae on sternites............... Onychopterocheilus Blüthgen, 1955</p> <p>16. Head and mesosoma with short pubescence (Fig. 5 f). Vertex with a fine longitudinal carina in the middle, in the female without cephalic foveae (Fig. 6 a). S4-7 of male with short and dense, woolly vestiture (Fig. 6 e)................................... Tropidodynerus Blüthgen, 1939</p> <p>- Head and mesosoma with long setae (Fig. 6 f). Vertex without longitudinal carina, in female with cephalic foveae (Fig. 6 b-d). Male sternites without wool-like vestiture..........................................................................17</p> <p>17. In female, clypeus deeply incised apically and mandible with a deep incision between third and fourth teeth (Fig. 6 g). Cephalic foveae punctiform, close to each other in the middle of vertex (Fig. 6 b). Male without modifications on legs and gena............................................................................ Gymnomerus Blüthgen, 1938</p> <p>- In female, clypeus more or less apically truncate and mandible normal (Fig. 6 h, 7 a). Cephalic foveae widely separated and placed behind posterior ocelli (Fig. 6 c-d). Male usually with modified legs........................18</p> <p>18. Large-sized species (13-17mm). Parapsidal furrows deep in the posterior half of mesoscutum (Fig. 7 b). Cephalic foveae about as large as an ocellus and densely pubescent (Fig. 6 c). Mid femur of male apically expanded (Fig. 7 d)..... Paragymnomerus Blüthgen, 1938</p> <p>- Smaller species (8-13mm). Mesoscutum without parapsidal furrows (Fig. 7 c). Cephalic foveae much smaller than an ocellus and bare (Fig. 6 d). Mid leg of male differently modified (Fig. 7 e, g)....................................................................19, Odynerus Latreille, 1802</p> <p>19. Mid femur of male with two deep incisions, forming a median tooth (Fig. 7 e). In female, metanotum black (Fig. 7 f)......................... O. (Odynerus) Latreille, 1802</p> <p>- Midfemurofmalenormal,notincised.........................20</p> <p>20. Mid coxa of male with a thorn at posteromedial corner (Fig. 7 g). Gena of male with a long thorn behind mandible articulation in some species (Fig. 8 a). Metanotum of female with yellow or white wide band (Fig. 8 b).............................. O. (Spinicoxa) Blüthgen, 1938</p> <p>- Mid coxa and gena of male without thorns. Metanotum of female black (Fig. 7 f)............................................................................. O. (Monoplomerus) Blüthgen, 1941</p> <p>21. Scutellum, metanotum and propodeum forming an even curve in lateral view. Propodeum with a median basal fovea, posteriorly continuing in a median longitudinal carina. Corners of propodeum prolonged in two lamellar triangular teeth (Fig. 8 c). T1 bell-shaped, longer than wide and narrower than T2 (Fig. 8 d).............................................. Pareumenes de Saussure, 1855</p> <p>- Scutellum, metanotum and propodeum not forming an even curve. Propodeum without basal fovea, corners different. T1 different, at most as long as wide (Fig. 3 b-d)............................................................................22</p> <p>22. T1 with a basal transverse carina (Fig. 8 e)................23</p> <p>- T1 without carina........................................................27</p> <p>23. T1 with a median longitudinal furrow behind carina (Fig. 8 f). Apical flagellomeres of male simple (Fig. 8 g).................................... Symmorphus Wesmael, 1836</p> <p>- T1 without longitudinal furrow. Apical flagellomeres of male hooked (Fig. 8 h)..........................................24</p> <p>24. Pronotum lacking pretegular carina (Fig. 9 a).....................25, Eustenancistrocerus Blüthgen, 1938</p> <p>- Pronotum with pretegular carina (Fig. 9 b)...................26</p> <p>25. Tegulae not punctured but with two translucent spots (Fig. 9 c). S2 truncated basally, forming a step. Clypeus of male apically truncate.......................................................... E. (Parastenancistrocerus) Blüthgen, 1938</p> <p>- Tegulae with many deep punctures (Fig. 9 d). S2 evenly convex. Clypeus of male deeply incised apically..................... E. (Eustenancistrocerus) Blüthgen, 1938</p> <p>26. Head and mesosoma with long and dense setae (Fig. 9 g). Epicnemial carina absent. Tegulae narrow, longer than wide (Fig. 9 e). T1 evenly punctured behind transverse carina (Fig. 9 h). Female with cephalic foveae........................................... Ancistrocerus Wesmael, 1836</p> <p>- Head and mesosoma with short and sparse pubescence (Fig. 9 i). Epicnemial carina present. Tegulae wider, about as long as wide (Fig. 9 f). T1 with a smooth unpunctured area behind transverse carina (Fig. 9 j). Female without cephalic foveae...................................................... Tachyancistrocerus Giordani Soika, 1952</p> <p>27. T1 with an apical translucent lamella (Fig. 3 b)...........28</p> <p>- T1 without apical lamella (Fig. 3 c-d)........................31</p> <p>28. Pronotum with pronotal carina present only on humeri, dorsal face smoothly passing into anterior face (Fig. 10 a). Epicnemial carina barely visible, confused with sculpture of mesepisternum. Metasoma with long bristles pointing behind. In male, mid femur flattened below and hind tibia apically expanded (Fig. 10 c)............................................... Chlorodynerus Blüthgen, 1951</p> <p>- Pronotum with complete pronotal carina, dorsal face sharply separated from anterior face (Fig. 10 b). Epicnemial carina sharp and well visible. Metasoma with very short and barely visible bristles. Male with unmodified legs.............................................................29</p> <p>29. Metanotum evenly rounded. Dorsal carinae of propodeum forming long and sharp teeth, their distance narrower than the width of metanotum (Fig. 10 d)................................................. Syneuodynerus Blüthgen, 1951</p> <p>- Metanotum sharply angled, with a fine teethed carina separating a short dorsal face and a longer posterior face. Dorsal carinae of propodeum absent or, if present, forming shorter teeth as far apart as the width of metanotum (Fig. 10 e-f)......................................................................................30, Euodynerus Dalla Torre, 1904</p> <p>30. Dorsal carinae of propodeum forming sharp teeth reaching half height of metanotum, separated from it by a narrow incision (Fig. 10 e). If carinae less developed, then upper side of mesosoma with brush-like vestiture. Vertex of female with subtriangular hairy depression, wider than ocellar triangle (Fig. 10 g). In male, mid and hind apical tarsomeres widened and black (Fig. 10 h).......................... E. (Pareuodynerus) Blüthgen, 1938</p> <p>- Dorsal carinae of propodeum not exceeding base of metanotum and not forming teeth (Fig. 10 f). Vertex of female with rounded bare depression, narrower than ocellar triangle (Fig. 10 i). Tarsi of male not modified (Fig. 10 j)............... E. (Euodynerus) Dalla Torre, 1904</p> <p>31. T2 with an apical lamella (Fig. 11 a). Second submarginal cell basally right-angled to obtuse (Fig. 11 c)....32</p> <p>- T2 without lamella (Fig. 11 b). Second submarginal cell basally acute (Fig. 11 d)......................................37</p> <p>32. T1 much narrower than T2 (Fig. 11 e). Mesosoma short, mesoscutum about as long as wide (Fig. 11 g).....................................33, Leptochilus de Saussure, 1853</p> <p>- T1 barely narrower than T2 (Fig. 11 f). Mesosoma elongate, mesoscutum longer than wide (Fig. 11 h)......................................35, Microdynerus Thomson, 1874</p> <p>33. Tegulae widened posteriorly, larger than half scutellum (Fig. 12 a)................ L. (Euleptochilus) Blüthgen, 1943</p> <p>- Tegulae pointed posteriorly, smaller than half scutellum (Fig. 12 b)..........................................................34</p> <p>34. Apical lamella of T2 with fine sculpture and sharply separated from rest of tergites (Fig. 11 a)............................................................ L. (Lionotulus) Blüthgen, 1938</p> <p>- Apical lamella of T2 with coarse punctures and connected with preapical margin of tergite by pigmented digitations (Fig. 12 c)................................................................................... L. (Neoleptochilus) Blüthgen, 1961</p> <p>35. Mandibles of female wide and angled on outer margin (Fig. 12 d). F11 of male wide and flattened (Fig. 12 f)................... M. (Pseudomicrodynerus) Blüthgen, 1938</p> <p>- Mandibles of female normal, evenly curved (Fig. 12 e)...................................................................................36</p> <p>36. Apical margin of female clypeus bidentate (Fig. 12 g). S2 without a longitudinal furrow. F11 of male pointed............................... M. (Microdynerus) Thomson, 1874</p> <p>- Apical margin of female clypeus tridentate, median tooth prolonged in a sharp carina (Fig.12 h). S2 with a longitudinal furrow. F11 of male flattened and not pointed................... M. (Alastorynerus) Blüthgen, 1938</p> <p>37. Pronotum lacking pretegular carina (Fig. 13 a). Tegulae as wide as long. Metanotum with two small teeth at extreme sides (Fig. 13 c).............................................................................. Parodontodynerus Blüthgen, 1938</p> <p>- Pronotum with pretegular carina (Fig. 13 b). Metanotum without teeth, if teeth present then larger and close to middle........................................................................38</p> <p>38. Propodeum with a sharp and continuous dorsal carina (Fig. 13 d). Tegulae wide and expanded on outer margin (Fig. 13 f).......39, Pseudepipona de Saussure, 1856</p> <p>- Propodeum without dorsal carinae, or with a widely interrupted one. Tegulae narrower...............................40</p> <p>39. Sides of propodeum with a triangular expansion (Fig. 13 e). Male mandible with a deep incision between second and third teeth (Fig. 13 g)................................................................... P. (Pseudepipona) de Saussure, 1856</p> <p>- Sides of propodeum without triangular expansion. Male mandible without incision................................................................... P. (Deuterepipona) Blüthgen, 1951</p> <p>40. Metanotum with two triangular teeth (Fig. 13 h)................................................. Antepipona de Saussure, 1855</p> <p>- Metanotum without teeth...........................................41</p> <p>41. Large sized species, red and black with yellow markings on metasoma. Posterior half of metanotum and whole scutellum flattened, smooth and shiny with extremely fine sculpture (Fig. 14 a). Male clypeus apically pointed (Fig. 14 b). Mid femur of male basally depressed (Fig. 14 c)........... Rhynchium Spinola, 1806</p> <p>- Smaller species, black with yellow or white markings, some species with red legs. Mesoscutum and scutellum convex, entirely covered by dense and deep punctures. Mid femur of male normal. Male clypeus apically emarginate................................................................42</p> <p>42. Head and mesosoma with short setae (Fig. 14 d). Tegulae wide, campanulate and not exceeding parategulae, and axillary fossa large and rounded (Fig. 14 e). Anterior face of pronotum with a pair of pits in the middle and punctures in the lateral thirds (Fig. 14 f).................................................. Stenodynerus de Saussure, 1863</p> <p>- Head and mesosoma with long setae (Fig. 14 g). Tegulae narrow, exceeding parategulae, and axillary fossa small and punctiform (Fig. 14 h). Anterior face of pronotum entirely smooth (Fig. 14 i)............................................................................ Allodynerus Blüthgen, 1938</p> <p>43. Clypeus apically pointed (Fig. 15 a). Vestiture very short on whole body. T1 weakly arched in lateral view, sub-petiolate and with diverging sides in dorsal view (Fig. 15 b)................ Polistinae, Polistes Latreille, 1802</p> <p>- Clypeus apically truncate or emarginate (Fig. 15 c). Vestiture long on whole body. T1 angled in lateral view, whit a long anterior vertical face and a shorter horizontal one, parallel-sided in dorsal view (Fig. 15 d)...................................................................44, Vespinae</p> <p>44. Distance between posterior ocelli and occipital margin much longer than two ocellar diameters (Fig. 15 e). Pronotal carina complete (Fig. 16 a). Male flagellum with strong tyloids (Fig. 15 g)..... Vespa Linnaeus, 1758</p> <p>- Distance between posterior ocelli and occipital margin as long as two ocellar diameters at most (Fig. 15 f). Pronotal carina absent or medially interrupted (Fig. 16 b-c). Male flagellum without or with poorly defined tyloids (Fig. 15 h)..........................................................45</p> <p>45. Malar space long (Fig. 16 d). Pronotal carina present but widely interrupted in the middle (Fig. 16 b).................................................. Dolichovespula Rohwer, 1916</p> <p>- Malar space short, almost linear (Fig. 16 e). Pronotal carina absent (Fig. 16 c)........... Vespula Thomson, 1869</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A2160CFFD7FF5BF92C3B94CC78	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21608FFD7FCF3FA6A3B0CCF98.text	0A1187A21608FFD7FCF3FA6A3B0CCF98.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Alastor Lepeletier 1841	<div><p>Genus Alastor Lepeletier, 1841</p> <p>Alastor (Alastor) atropos Lepeletier, 1841 (N, S, Sa, Si) Alastor (Alastor) mocsaryi (André, 1884) (N)</p> <p>Genus Allodynerus Blüthgen, 1938</p> <p>Allodynerus delphinalis delphinalis (Giraud, 1866) (N, S, Si) Allodynerus delphinalis sardous Blüthgen, 1953 (Sa) Allodynerus floricola floricola (de Saussure, 1853)</p> <p>(N, S, Sa?, Si)</p> <p>Allodynerus rossii (Lepeletier, 1841) (N, S, Si)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21608FFD7FCF3FA6A3B0CCF98	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21608FFD6FCF3F8AA3C4ECA18.text	0A1187A21608FFD6FCF3F8AA3C4ECA18.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ancistrocerus Wesmael 1836	<div><p>Genus Ancistrocerus Wesmael, 1836</p> <p>Ancistrocerus abditus Gusenleitner, 1977 (Sa) Ancistrocerus antilope antilope (Panzer, 1798) (N, S) Ancistrocerus auctus (Fabricius, 1793) (N, S, Si)</p> <p>Ancistrocerus biphaleratus triphaleratus (de Saussure, 1855) (S, Sa, Si)</p> <p>Ancistrocerus claripennis claripennis Thomson, 1874 (N, S) Ancistrocerus gazella (Panzer, 1798) (N, S, Sa, Si) Ancistrocerus ichneumonideus ichneumonideus (Ratzeburg, 1844) (N)</p> <p>Ancistrocerus longispinosus gazelloides Guiglia, 1943 (S, Sa)</p> <p>Ancistrocerus longispinosus longispinosus (de Saussure, 1855) (N, S, Si)</p> <p>Ancistrocerus nigricornis (Curtis, 1826) (N, S, Sa, Si) Ancistrocerus oviventris oviventris (Wesmael, 1836)</p> <p>(N, S, Si)</p> <p>Ancistrocerus oviventris siculus Blüthgen, 1955</p> <p>(S, Si)</p> <p>Ancistrocerus parietinus (Linnaeus, 1761) (N, S) Ancistrocerus parietum (Linnaeus, 1758) (N, S, Sa?, Si?) Ancistrocerus renimacula (Lepeletier, 1841) (Sa) Ancistrocerus scoticus scoticus (Curtis, 1826) (N, S, Si) Ancistrocerus trifasciatus trifasciatus (Müller, 1776)</p> <p>(N, S, Sa?)</p> <p>Ancistrocerus tussaci Gusenleitner, 1987 (Sa)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21608FFD6FCF3F8AA3C4ECA18	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21609FFD6FF44FC2A3CE1CD18.text	0A1187A21609FFD6FF44FC2A3CE1CD18.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antepipona de Saussure 1855	<div><p>Genus Antepipona de Saussure, 1855</p> <p>Antepipona caelebs (Dalla Torre, 1894) (Si)</p> <p>[apparently a Sicilian endemic, probably synonym</p> <p>of Antepipona orbitalis]</p> <p>Antepipona deflenda (Saunders, 1853) (N, S, Sa, Si) Antepipona doursii (de Saussure, 1855) (S, Sa) Antepipona orbitalis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1839) (N, S, Si)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21609FFD6FF44FC2A3CE1CD18	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21609FFD6FF44FB2A3F3ACC38.text	0A1187A21609FFD6FF44FB2A3F3ACC38.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chlorodynerus Bluthgen 1951	<div><p>Genus Chlorodynerus Blüthgen, 1951</p> <p>Chlorodynerus ypsilon ypsilon (Kostylev, 1929) (S?) [species occurring in Eastern Mediterranean, there is one specimen labelled “ Is. del Giglio ” [Giglio Island, Tuscany] in the Natural History Museum of Genova, probably mislabeled]</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21609FFD6FF44FB2A3F3ACC38	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21609FFD6FF44F9EA3DAACA4C.text	0A1187A21609FFD6FF44F9EA3DAACA4C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eumenes Latreille 1802	<div><p>Genus Eumenes Latreille, 1802</p> <p>Eumenes (Eumenes) aemilianus Guiglia, 1951 (N) Eumenes (Eumenes) coarctatus coarctatus (Linnaeus, 1758) (N, S, Sa, Si)</p> <p>Eumenes (Eumenes) coarctatus maroccanus Gusenleitner, 1972 (Sa, Si)</p> <p>Eumenes (Eumenes) coarctatus nuragicus Giordani Soika, 1972 (Sa)</p> <p>Eumenes (Eumenes) coronatus coronatus (Panzer, 1799) (N, S, Sa, Si)</p> <p>Eumenes (Eumenes) cyrenaicus pseudogermanicus Blüthgen, 1938 (Sa, Si)</p> <p>Eumenes (Eumenes) dubius dubius de Saussure, 1852 (N, S, Sa?, Si)</p> <p>Eumenes (Eumenes) mediterraneus filitosa Gereys, 2011 (Sa)</p> <p>Eumenes (Eumenes) mediterraneus mediterraneus Kriechbaumer, 1879 (N, S, Sa, Si)</p> <p>Eumenes (Eumenes) papillarius papillarius (Christ, 1791) (N, S, Sa, Si)</p> <p>Eumenes (Eumenes) pedunculatus pedunculatus (Panzer, 1799) (N, S)</p> <p>Eumenes (Eumenes) pomiformis (Fabricius, 1781)</p> <p>(N, S, Sa, Si)</p> <p>Eumenes (Eumenes) punctaticlypeus Giordani Soika, 1943 (S)</p> <p>Eumenes (Eumenes) sardous Guiglia, 1951 (Sa) Eumenes (Eumenes) sareptanus André, 1884 (N, S, Si) Eumenes (Eumenes) subpomiformis Blüthgen, 1938</p> <p>(N, S, Si)</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21609FFD6FF44F9EA3DAACA4C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21609FFD6FCFCFCDF3B3FCF33.text	0A1187A21609FFD6FCFCFCDF3B3FCF33.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euodynerus Dalla Torre 1904	<div><p>Genus Euodynerus Dalla Torre, 1904</p> <p>Euodynerus (Euodynerus) curictensis curictensis Blüthgen, 1940 (N, S, Si)</p> <p>Euodynerus (Euodynerus) curictensis sardous Borsato, 2006 (Sa)</p> <p>Euodynerus (Euodynerus) dantici dantici (Rossi, 1790) (N, S, Sa, Si)</p> <p>Euodynerus (Euodynerus) dantici poggii Giordani Soika, 1986 (S)</p> <p>Euodynerus (Euodynerus) disconotatus (Lichtenstein, 1884) (N, S, Sa?, Si)</p> <p>Euodynerus (Euodynerus) fastidiosus (de Saussure, 1853) (S, Si)</p> <p>Euodynerus (Euodynerus) variegatus variegatus (Fabricius, 1793) (S, Sa, Si)</p> <p>Euodynerus (Pareuodynerus) bidentiformis (Giordani Soika, 1942) (Sa)</p> <p>Euodynerus (Pareuodynerus) notatus notatus</p> <p>(Jurine, 1807) (N, Sa)</p> <p>Euodynerus (Pareuodynerus) posticus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1841) (N, S, Sa, Si)</p> <p>Euodynerus (Pareuodynerus) quadrifasciatus quadrifasciatus (Fabricius, 1793) (N, S, Si)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21609FFD6FCFCFCDF3B3FCF33	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21609FFD6FCFCF9D13B4DCE7E.text	0A1187A21609FFD6FCFCF9D13B4DCE7E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eustenancistrocerus Bluthgen 1938	<div><p>Genus Eustenancistrocerus Blüthgen, 1938</p> <p>Eustenancistrocerus (Eustenancistrocerus) blanchardianus (de Saussure, 1855) (N, Sa, Si) Eustenancistrocerus (Parastenancistrocerus) amadanensis amadanensis (de Saussure, 1855) (S, Si)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21609FFD6FCFCF9D13B4DCE7E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21609FFD6FCFCF88D3D80CEF8.text	0A1187A21609FFD6FCFCF88D3D80CEF8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gymnomerus Bluthgen 1938	<div><p>Genus Gymnomerus Blüthgen, 1938</p> <p>Gymnomerus laevipes laevipes (Shuckard, 1837)</p> <p>(N, S, Sa, Si)</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21609FFD6FCFCF88D3D80CEF8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21606FFD9FF5BFF0A3F3EC878.text	0A1187A21606FFD9FF5BFF0A3F3EC878.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hemipterochilus Ferton 1909	<div><p>Genus Hemipterochilus Ferton, 1909</p> <p>Hemipterochilus bembeciformis terricola (Mocsáry, 1883) (N, S, Sa)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21606FFD9FF5BFF0A3F3EC878	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21606FFD9FF5BFE8A3FF5C8B8.text	0A1187A21606FFD9FF5BFE8A3FF5C8B8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ischnogasteroides Magretti 1884	<div><p>Genus Ischnogasteroides Magretti, 1884</p> <p>Ischnogasteroides picteti (de Saussure, 1852) (N?) [species known from France and Spain, recorded from Piedmont based on a specimen in Sichel collection, its presence in Italy is doubtful]</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21606FFD9FF5BFE8A3FF5C8B8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21606FFD9FF5BFE4A3CF5CBB8.text	0A1187A21606FFD9FF5BFE4A3CF5CBB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Katamenes Meade-Waldo 1910	<div><p>Genus Katamenes Meade-Waldo, 1910</p> <p>Katamenes algirus (Schulz, 1905) (S, Si)</p> <p>Katamenes arbustorum arbustorum (Panzer, 1799)</p> <p>(N, S, Si)</p> <p>Katamenes arbustorum burlinii (Giordani Soika, 1949) (N) Katamenes arbustorum soikai Borsato, 1993 (Sa) Katamenes sichelii sichelii (de Saussure, 1852) (S)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21606FFD9FF5BFE4A3CF5CBB8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21606FFD9FF5BFD4A3F19CF78.text	0A1187A21606FFD9FF5BFD4A3F19CF78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Leptochilus de Saussure 1853	<div><p>Genus Leptochilus de Saussure, 1853</p> <p>Leptochilus (Euleptochilus) duplicatus duplicatus (Klug, 1835) (N, S)</p> <p>Leptochilus (Euleptochilus) duplicatus xanthochromus Giordani Soika, 1986 (Sa)</p> <p>Leptochilus (Euleptochilus) limbiferus (Morawitz, 1867) (N, S)</p> <p>Leptochilus (Lionotulus) alpestris alpestris (de Saussure, 1855) (N, S)</p> <p>Leptochilus (Lionotulus) alpestris trinacriae</p> <p>(André, 1883) (Si)</p> <p>Leptochilus (Lionotulus) crassipunctatus</p> <p>(Maidl, 1922) (N)</p> <p>Leptochilus (Lionotulus) josephi Giordani Soika, 1947 (N, S)</p> <p>Leptochilus (Lionotulus) membranaceus membranaceus (Morawitz, 1867) (S)</p> <p>Leptochilus (Lionotulus) tarsatus (de Saussure, 1855) (N, S, Si)</p> <p>Leptochilus (Lionotulus) torretassoi venerensis Blüthgen, 1964 (Si)</p> <p>Leptochilus (Neoleptochilus) medanae medanae (Gribodo, 1886) (Sa, Si)</p> <p>Leptochilus (Neoleptochilus) regulus (de Saussure, 1855) (N, S, Sa, Si)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21606FFD9FF5BFD4A3F19CF78	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21606FFD9FF5BF98A3AB0CB58.text	0A1187A21606FFD9FF5BF98A3AB0CB58.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Microdynerus Thomson 1874	<div><p>Genus Microdynerus Thomson, 1874</p> <p>Microdynerus (Alastorynerus) perezi (Berland, 1927) (N, S) Microdynerus (Microdynerus) appenninicus Giordani Soika, 1960 (S, Si)</p> <p>Microdynerus (Microdynerus) exilis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1839) (N, S, Sa?)</p> <p>Microdynerus (Microdynerus) habitus Gusenleitner, 1991 (Si) Microdynerus (Microdynerus) longicollis longicollis Morawitz, 1895 (N, S)</p> <p>Microdynerus (Microdynerus) longicollis sicanius Blüthgen, 1964 (Si)</p> <p>Microdynerus (Microdynerus) mirandus (Giordani Soika, 1947) (S, Sa, Si)</p> <p>Microdynerus (Microdynerus) nugdunensis nugdunensis (de Saussure, 1855) (N, S, Sa)</p> <p>Microdynerus (Microdynerus) nugdunensis sicelis Blüthgen, 1964 (Si)</p> <p>Microdynerus (Microdynerus) tauromenitanus Blüthgen, 1955 (S, Si)</p> <p>Microdynerus (Microdynerus) timidus timidus</p> <p>(de Saussure, 1856) (N, S, Sa, Si)</p> <p>Microdynerus (Pseudomicrodynerus) parvulus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1838) (N, S)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21606FFD9FF5BF98A3AB0CB58	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21606FFD9FCF3FDEA3B63CC38.text	0A1187A21606FFD9FCF3FDEA3B63CC38.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Odynerus Latreille 1802	<div><p>Genus Odynerus Latreille, 1802</p> <p>Odynerus (Monoplomerus) consobrinus consobrinus Dufour, 1839 (N?) [species known from Iberian Peninsula, North Africa and Middle East, the record from Italy is doubtful]</p> <p>Odynerus (Odynerus) alpinus von Schulthess, 1897</p> <p>(N, Si)</p> <p>Odynerus (Odynerus) femoratus de Saussure, 1856 (S, Sa, Si)</p> <p>Odynerus (Odynerus) melanocephalus melanocephalus (Gmelin, 1790) (N, S, Sa, Si)</p> <p>Odynerus (Odynerus) poecilus de Saussure, 1856</p> <p>(N, S)</p> <p>Odynerus (Odynerus) rotundigaster burlinii Giordani Soika, 1977 (Si)</p> <p>Odynerus (Odynerus) rotundigaster rotundigaster de Saussure, 1853 (S, Si)</p> <p>Odynerus (Odynerus) spinipes spinipes (Linnaeus, 1758) (N, S, Si)</p> <p>Odynerus (Spinicoxa) albopictus de Saussure, 1856 (S, Si)</p> <p>Odynerus (Spinicoxa) reniformis (Gmelin, 1790)</p> <p>(N, S, Sa, Si)</p> <p>Odynerus (Spinicoxa) wilhelmi Dusmet, 1917 (Sa)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21606FFD9FCF3FDEA3B63CC38	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21606FFD9FCF3FACA3A86CF78.text	0A1187A21606FFD9FCF3FACA3A86CF78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Onychopterocheilus Bluthgen 1955	<div><p>Genus Onychopterocheilus Blüthgen, 1955</p> <p>Onychopterocheilus (Onychopterocheilus) albopictus (Kriechbaumer, 1869) (S)</p> <p>Onychopterocheilus (Onychopterocheilus) hellenicus hellenicus (Morawitz, 1885) (S, Si)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21606FFD9FCF3FACA3A86CF78	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21606FFD9FCF3F98A3DBECFF8.text	0A1187A21606FFD9FCF3F98A3DBECFF8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paragymnomerus Bluthgen 1938	<div><p>Genus Paragymnomerus Blüthgen, 1938</p> <p>Paragymnomerus spiricornis spiricornis (Spinola, 1808) (N, S)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21606FFD9FCF3F98A3DBECFF8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21606FFD9FCF3F90A3A6CCE78.text	0A1187A21606FFD9FCF3F90A3A6CCE78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pareumenes de Saussure 1855	<div><p>Genus Pareumenes de Saussure, 1855</p> <p>Pareumenes (Nortonia) laminatus laminatus (Kriechbaumer, 1879) (S)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21606FFD9FCF3F90A3A6CCE78	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21606FFD9FCF3F88A3DF1CEF8.text	0A1187A21606FFD9FCF3F88A3DF1CEF8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parodontodynerus Bluthgen 1938	<div><p>Genus Parodontodynerus Blüthgen, 1938</p> <p>Parodontodynerus ephippium ephippium (Klug, 1817) (N, S, Sa, Si)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21606FFD9FCF3F88A3DF1CEF8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21607FFD8FF44FF0A3ECAC8B8.text	0A1187A21607FFD8FF44FF0A3ECAC8B8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudepipona de Saussure 1856	<div><p>Genus Pseudepipona de Saussure, 1856</p> <p>Pseudepipona (Deuterepipona) inexspectata (Blüthgen, 1955) (Si)</p> <p>Pseudepipona (Pseudepipona) herrichii (de Saussure, 1856) (N, S)</p> <p>Pseudepipona (Pseudepipona) lativentris lativentris</p> <p>(de Saussure, 1855) (N, S, Sa, Si)</p> <p>Pseudepipona (Pseudepipona) tripunctata (Fabricius, 1787) (Si)</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21607FFD8FF44FF0A3ECAC8B8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21607FFD8FCFCFF0A3A2BC858.text	0A1187A21607FFD8FCFCFF0A3A2BC858.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pterocheilus (Pterocheilus) phaleratus subsp. chevrieranus (de Saussure 1856)	<div><p>Pterocheilus (Pterocheilus) phaleratus chevrieranus</p> <p>de Saussure, 1856 (N, S)</p> <p>Pterocheilus (Pterocheilus) phaleratus phaleratus (Panzer, 1797) (N, S)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21607FFD8FCFCFF0A3A2BC858	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21607FFD8FCFCFEEA3AFFC898.text	0A1187A21607FFD8FCFCFEEA3AFFC898.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Raphiglossa Saunders 1850	<div><p>Genus Raphiglossa Saunders, 1850</p> <p>Raphiglossa eumenoides eumenoides Saunders, 1850 (S?) [species known from Balkans and Eastern</p> <p>Mediterranean, doubtfully recorded from Southern Italy by Giordani Soika &amp; Borsato (1995)]</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21607FFD8FCFCFEEA3AFFC898	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21604FFDBFCF3FF4A3BB0C858.text	0A1187A21604FFDBFCF3FF4A3BB0C858.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Celonites Latreille 1802	<div><p>Genus Celonites Latreille, 1802</p> <p>Celonites (Celonites) abbreviatus (Villers, 1789) (N, S)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21604FFDBFCF3FF4A3BB0C858	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21604FFDBFCF3FACA3AE8CFB8.text	0A1187A21604FFDBFCF3FACA3AE8CFB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dolichovespula Rohwer 1916	<div><p>Genus Dolichovespula Rohwer, 1916</p> <p>Dolichovespula adulterina (du Buysson, 1905) (N) Dolichovespula media (Retzius, 1783) (N, S) Dolichovespula norwegica (Fabricius, 1781) (N) Dolichovespula omissa (Bischoff, 1931) (N, S) Dolichovespula saxonica (Fabricius, 1793) (N) Dolichovespula sylvestris (Scopoli, 1763) (N, S)</p> <p>Genus Vespa Linnaeus, 1758</p> <p>Vespa crabro Linnaeus, 1758 (N, S, Sa, Si)</p> <p>Vespa orientalis Linnaeus, 1771 (N, S, Sa, Si)</p> <p>Vespa velutina Lepeletier, 1836 (N, S)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21604FFDBFCF3FACA3AE8CFB8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21604FFDBFCF3FEEA3B23C8B8.text	0A1187A21604FFDBFCF3FEEA3B23C8B8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Jugurtia de Saussure 1854	<div><p>Genus Jugurtia de Saussure, 1854</p> <p>Jugurtia dispar (Dufour, 1854) (S?) [endemic of Iberian Peninsula, recorded by Erlandsson (1974) from Pesaro province, its presence in Italy is improbable]</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21604FFDBFCF3FEEA3B23C8B8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21604FFDBFCF3FDEA3BB2CD98.text	0A1187A21604FFDBFCF3FDEA3BB2CD98.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Polistes Latreille 1802	<div><p>Genus Polistes Latreille, 1802</p> <p>Polistes (Polistes) associus Kohl, 1898 (N, S, Si) Polistes (Polistes) atrimandibularis Zimmermann, 1930 (N, S, Si)</p> <p>Polistes (Polistes) austroccidentalis van Achterberg &amp; Neumeyer, 2017 (N, S)</p> <p>Polistes (Polistes) biglumis (Linnaeus, 1758)</p> <p>(N, S, Si)</p> <p>Polistes (Polistes) bischoffi Weyrauch, 1937</p> <p>N, S, Sa)</p> <p>Polistes (Polistes) dominula (Christ, 1791)</p> <p>(N, S, Sa, Si)</p> <p>Polistes (Polistes) foederatus Kohl, 1898 (N) Polistes (Polistes) gallicus (Linnaeus, 1767)</p> <p>(N, S, Sa, Si)</p> <p>Polistes (Polistes) opinabilis Kohl, 1898 (N, S, Sa, Si) [traditionally known as Polistes nimpha (Christ, 1791), Gereys (2022) considers Vespa nimpha Christ, 1791</p> <p>a nomen dubium, with Polistes opinabilis being</p> <p>the valid name]</p> <p>Polistes (Polistes) semenowi Morawitz, 1889 (N, S, Si)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21604FFDBFCF3FDEA3BB2CD98	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21604FFDBFF5BFF6A3D3CCA78.text	0A1187A21604FFDBFF5BFF6A3D3CCA78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stenodynerus aequisculptus subsp. aequisculptus (Kostylev 1940) Sa	<div><p>Stenodynerus aequisculptus aequisculptus</p> <p>(Kostylev, 1940) (Sa)</p> <p>Stenodynerus bluethgeni van der Vecht, 1971</p> <p>(N, S, Sa, Si)</p> <p>Stenodynerus chevrieranus (de Saussure, 1855)</p> <p>(N, S, Sa, Si)</p> <p>Stenodynerus clypeopictus (Kostylev, 1940) (N) Stenodynerus fastidiosissimus difficilis (Morawitz, 1867) (S, Si)</p> <p>Stenodynerus fastidiosissimus fastidiosissimus</p> <p>(de Saussure, 1855) (N, S, Si)</p> <p>Stenodynerus fastidiosissimus laborans (Costa, 1882) (Sa) Stenodynerus jurinei jurinei de Saussure, 1855 (N, Sa) Stenodynerus orenburgensis (André, 1884) (N) Stenodynerus picticrus (Thomson, 1874) (N) Stenodynerus punctifrons (Thomson, 1874) (N) Stenodynerus steckianus (von Schulthess, 1897) (N, S) Stenodynerus xanthomelas (Herrich-Schäffer, 1839) (N)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21604FFDBFF5BFF6A3D3CCA78	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21604FFDBFF5BFC8A3EE7CCF8.text	0A1187A21604FFDBFF5BFC8A3EE7CCF8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Symmorphus Wesmael 1836	<div><p>Genus Symmorphus Wesmael, 1836</p> <p>Symmorphus (Symmorphus) allobrogus (de Saussure, 1855) (N)</p> <p>Symmorphus (Symmorphus) angustatus (Zetterstedt, 1838) (N)</p> <p>Symmorphus (Symmorphus) bifasciatus (Linnaeus, 1761) (N, S, Si)</p> <p>Symmorphus (Symmorphus) connexus (Curtis, 1826) (N) Symmorphus (Symmorphus) crassicornis (Panzer, 1798) (N, S, Sa)</p> <p>Symmorphus (Symmorphus) debilitatus (de Saussure, 1855) (N)</p> <p>Symmorphus (Symmorphus) declivis Harttig, 1932 (S) Symmorphus (Symmorphus) fuscipes (Herrich-Schäffer, 1838) (N)</p> <p>Symmorphus (Symmorphus) gracilis (Brullé, 1832)</p> <p>(N, S, Si)</p> <p>Symmorphus (Symmorphus) murarius (Linnaeus, 1758) (N, S)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21604FFDBFF5BFC8A3EE7CCF8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21604FFDBFF5BFA0A3F55CF78.text	0A1187A21604FFDBFF5BFA0A3F55CF78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Syneuodynerus Bluthgen 1951	<div><p>Genus Syneuodynerus Blüthgen, 1951</p> <p>Syneuodynerus egregius egregius (Herrich-Schäffer, 1839) (N, S, Sa, Si)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21604FFDBFF5BFA0A3F55CF78	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21604FFDBFF5BF98A3EC7CFF8.text	0A1187A21604FFDBFF5BF98A3EC7CFF8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tachyancistrocerus Giordani Soika 1952	<div><p>Genus Tachyancistrocerus Giordani Soika, 1952</p> <p>Tachyancistrocerus rhodensis (de Saussure, 1855)</p> <p>(N, S, Si)</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21604FFDBFF5BF98A3EC7CFF8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21604FFDBFF5BF90A3F5CCEF8.text	0A1187A21604FFDBFF5BF90A3F5CCEF8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tropidodynerus Bluthgen 1939	<div><p>Genus Tropidodynerus Blüthgen, 1939</p> <p>Tropidodynerus (Tropidodynerus) fertoni (Dusmet, 1925) (Sa)</p> <p>Tropidodynerus (Tropidodynerus) flavus flavus (Lepeletier, 1841) (Si)</p> <p>Tropidodynerus (Tropidodynerus) interruptus tricolor Blüthgen, 1956 (S)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21604FFDBFF5BF90A3F5CCEF8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
0A1187A21604FFC2FCF3F94A3CC8CF9F.text	0A1187A21604FFC2FCF3F94A3CC8CF9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Vespula Thomson 1869	<div><p>Genus Vespula Thomson, 1869</p> <p>Vespula austriaca (Panzer, 1799) (N)</p> <p>Vespula germanica (Fabricius, 1793) (N, S, Sa, Si) Vespula rufa (Linnaeus, 1758) (N, S)</p> <p>Vespula vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758) (N, S, Si?)</p> <p>Acknowledgements – I’m grateful to Davide Dal Pos and James M. Carpenter for their comments and the English proofreading of the manuscript, and to all the colleagues that kindly donated their material, a fundamental help for the realization of the present paper.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A1187A21604FFC2FCF3F94A3CC8CF9F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Selis, Marco	Selis, Marco (2023): Illustrated key to the genera and a checklist of Italian Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1): 63-88, DOI: 10.13133/2284-4880/1413, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0160369
