taxonID	type	description	language	source
E4E4858D6CF657DD999B4F76FE976364.taxon	description	Figs 3, 4 A, 5 A	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
E4E4858D6CF657DD999B4F76FE976364.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Mexico. Mexico City: pedregal pres Tizapan, vallee de Mexico, 2 Aug 1865, E. Bourgeau 682 (holotype: P (P 00740531 [image!]); isotype: US [fragm. ex P] (US 00156379 )).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
E4E4858D6CF657DD999B4F76FE976364.taxon	description	Description. Plants perennial, caespitose. Tillers extravaginal, with cataphylls. Culms 0.1 - 1.2 m long, erect, sometimes shortly decumbent at the base, nodes 2 - 4, glabrous, internodes glabrous, or sometimes scaberulous below the nodes and panicle. Leaves basal and cauline; sheaths 3 - 18 cm long, usually shorter than the internodes, glabrous or scaberulous; ligules 1 - 7 mm long, longer than wide, dorsally scaberulous, apices acute, often lacerate; blades 3 - 15 (- 30) cm long, (0.5 -) 1 - 6 mm wide, linear, flat, scaberulous on both surfaces. Panicles (2 -) 9 - 25 (- 30) cm long, (0.8 -) 3 - 7 (- 10) cm wide, open, lax, lanceolate, usually long-exserted from the upper sheaths; branches ascending to spreading, rebranching from about or above mid-length, scaberulous, without spikelets near their base, inferior branches (1 -) 2 - 10 cm long; pedicels 0.5 - 3 mm long, ascending to spreading, scaberulous. Spikelets 2 - 2.7 mm long, usually purplish; glumes subequal to equal, lanceolate, apices shortly acuminate, 1 - veined, scaberulous on the keel, lower glume 2 - 2.7 mm long, upper glume 1.8 - 2.5 mm long; callus puberulous, with 2 bunches of short trichomes, often inconspicuous; lemmas 1.5 - 1.8 mm long, elliptic, apices entire, acute or toothed, 5 - nerved, veins inconspicuous, unawned; paleas present, (0.4 -) 0.5 - 0.7 (- 1) mm long, veinless, glabrous; anthers 3, (0.3 -) 0.5 - 0.7 mm long. Caryopsis 1.2 - 1.5 mm long, ellipsoid; endosperm soft. 2 n = unknown.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
E4E4858D6CF657DD999B4F76FE976364.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Endemic. Herbarium specimens of A. bourgaei have been collected in Mexico City and the Mexican states of Hidalgo, Mexico, Michoacan, Morelos, Puebla, and Oaxaca (Fig. 8 A). The species has also been reported for Durango, Guanajuato, Queretaro, Tlaxcala, and Veracruz (Villasenor 2016; Davila et al. 2018; Sanchez-Ken 2019), but no specimens from these states were seen. Agrostis bourgaei is mainly found on edges of streams and moist soils, in open areas of conifer forests of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, between 1800 - 3800 m a. s. l., with some outliers in Morelos found lower, at 725 m a. s. l. (Fig. 9 D).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
E4E4858D6CF657DD999B4F76FE976364.taxon	materials_examined	Representative specimens examined. Mexico. Hidalgo: Municipio Epazoyucan, Penas Largas, [20.1 ° N, 98.6 ° W], 2850 m alt., 22 Dec 1983 J. Rzedowski 38373 a (IEB, MEXU, XAL). Mexico: Municipio Lerma, 5 km al W de La Marquesa, en la desviacion a Salazar, [19.304403 ° N, 99.39047 ° W], 2800 m alt., 1 Aug 1981, R. Guzman 3966 (IBUG, MEXU). Municipio Ocuilan, Laguna de Zempoala, [19.05034984 ° N, 99.31696647 ° W], 2800 m alt., 1 Aug 1987, J. Castaneda 327 (MEXU [*]). Mexico City: Alcaldia Cuajimalpa, Llano de la Cieneguilla, Puerto de las Cruces, [19.24694444 ° N, 99.33444444 ° W], 3500 m alt., 19 Sep 1983, S. Acosta and R. Aguilar 417 (CIIDIR, IEB, MEXU), 418 (CIIDIR, IEB, MEXU [*, **]), 419 (CIIDIR, IBUG, MEXU), 420 (CIIDIR, IBUG, IEB, MEXU); Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones, 2 km a pie de La Venta por la brecha que va a Santa Rosa, 19.321112 ° N, 99.306817 ° W, 2881 m alt., 22 Aug 2021, L. Vigosa and A. Mercado 112 (MEXU [*, **]). Michoacan: Municipio Angangueo, Estacion Chincua, Reserva de la Biosfera Mariposa Monarca, [19.65618889 ° N, 100.2717278 ° W], 3030 m alt., 5 Aug 2000, M. G. Cornejo et al. 67 (IEB, MEXU [*]). Municipio Maravatio, km 6 carretera Maravatio-Ciudad Hidalgo al S del poblado de Casa Blanca, [19.85705 ° N, 100.4516389 ° W], 2000 m alt., J. E. Morales and A. Pastor 56 (IEB, MEXU [**]). Morelos: Municipio Huitzilac, Lagunas de Zempoala, [19.05320158 ° N, 99.31276612 ° W, 2800 m alt.], 19 Sep 1938, E. Lyonnet 2518 (FCME [*], MEXU, UAMIZ, US); Municipio Tlaquiltenango, Huaxtla 18.37444444 ° N, 99.07222222 ° W, 725 m alt., 23 Feb 2015, G. Rendon et al. s. n. (HUMO). Oaxaca: Municipio San Andres Lagunas, Laguna Grande, 1 km al N de San Isidro Lagunas, [17.62219847 ° N, 97.5414394 ° W], 2200 m alt., 5 Aug 1982, A. Garcia-Mendoza 1116 (MEXU). Puebla: Municipio San Nicolas de los Ranchos, Paso de Cortes, 3 km al S de la carretera a Amecameca, sobre la brecha al Volcan Iztaccihuatl, 13 km al E de Amecameca, [19.12 ° N, 98.63 ° W], 3760 m alt., 1 Nov 1976, S. D. Koch 76237 (CHAPA, US). See Suppl. materials 2, 3 for additional examined specimens.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
2A70AC98CBF65E94B1DC4FF42BD7E9DE.taxon	description	Figs 4 B, 5 B, 11	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
2A70AC98CBF65E94B1DC4FF42BD7E9DE.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Mexico. State of Mexico: Municipio Tlalmanalco, La Cienega, region de Penas Cuatas, ladera NW del Iztaccihuatl, 3600 m alt., 19 Aug 1984, S. Acosta 687 (holotype: ENCB! (ENCB 003243 [image!]); isotypes: MEXU! (MEXU 00436130 [image!]), CHAPA! (CHAPA 0000037 [image!]), IEB, TEX).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
2A70AC98CBF65E94B1DC4FF42BD7E9DE.taxon	description	Description. Plants perennial, caespitose. Tillers extravaginal, with cataphylls. Culms 10 - 40 cm long, erect, nodes 1 - 2, glabrous, internodes glabrous. Leaves mostly basal; sheaths 3 - 10 cm long, usually longer than the internodes, glabrous; ligules 1.5 - 4 mm long, longer than wide, glabrous, apices acute, often lacerate; blades (1 -) 2 - 10 cm long, up to 2 mm wide, linear, conduplicate to convolute, scaberulous on both surfaces. Panicles 5 - 13 cm long, 2 - 10 cm wide, open, lax, lanceolate to ovate, long-exserted from the upper sheaths; branches ascending to spreading, rebranching about or above mid-length, scaberulous, without spikelets near their base, inferior branches 2 - 7 cm long; pedicels 1 - 3 mm long, ascending to spreading, scaberulous. Spikelets 2.5 - 3.5 mm long, purplish; glumes subequal to equal, lanceolate, apices shortly acuminate, 1 - veined, scaberulous on the keel, lower glume 2.5 - 3.5 mm long, upper glume 2.2 - 3.5 mm long; callus glabrous; lemmas 2 - 2.5 mm long, elliptic, apices irregularly toothed, 5 - nerved, veins inconspicuous, unawned; paleas present, 0.5 - 1 mm long, veinless, glabrous; anthers 3, 0.7 - 1 mm long. Caryopsis not seen. 2 n = unknown.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
2A70AC98CBF65E94B1DC4FF42BD7E9DE.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Endemic. Agrostis calderoniae has only been collected in the western slope of the Iztaccihuatl volcano, in the state of Mexico (Fig. 8 B). This species grows in moist soils near the edge of streams, in open areas of temperate forests with Pinus, between 3500 - 3800 m a. s. l. (Fig. 9 E).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
2A70AC98CBF65E94B1DC4FF42BD7E9DE.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens examined. Mexico. Mexico: Municipio Amecameca, vertiente SW del Iztaccihuatl, 4 km al N de la estacion retransmisora de TV, [19.14308652 ° N, 98.64774789 ° W], 3800 alt., 15 Jul 1965, J. Rzedowski 20161 (ENCB). Municipio Tlalmanalco, vertiente NW del Iztaccihuatl, en la region de Penas Cuatas, La Cienega, [19.225278 ° N, 98.680833 ° W], 3650 m alt., 6 Jan 1966, J. Rzedowski 21798 (ENCB); La Cienega, region de la cabeza del Iztacccihuatl, [19.225278 ° N, 98.680833 ° W], 19 Aug 1984, S. Acosta 692 (IEB [*, **]); 3600 m alt., 18 Jul 1982, J. Rzedowski 37855 (ENCB).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
0E5286B6E7B75EF89D55489B6614600B.taxon	description	Figs 4 C, 5 C, 12	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
0E5286B6E7B75EF89D55489B6614600B.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Herb. A. Van Royen s. n. (lectotype, designated by Widen (1971: 65): L [left hand specimen] (L (L 0052645 [image!] )).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
0E5286B6E7B75EF89D55489B6614600B.taxon	description	Description. Plants perennial, short rhizomatous, rarely stoloniferous. Tillers extravaginal, with cataphylls. Rhizomes up to 5 cm long. Culms 10 - 80 cm long, erect, decumbent at the base, nodes up to 7, glabrous, internodes glabrous. Leaves basal and cauline; sheaths 1 - 13 cm long, longer or shorter than the internodes, glabrous; ligules of the basal blades 0.2 - 1.5 mm long, the upper ones up to 2 mm long, usually shorter than wide, rarely longer than wide, dorsally scaberulous, apices rounded to truncate, erose, sometimes lacerate; blades 3 - 15 cm long, 1 - 5 mm wide, linear, flat, sometimes becoming convolute when drying, scaberulous on both surfaces. Panicles (3 -) 10 - 20 cm long, (1 -) 2 - 12 cm wide, open, lax, oblong to ovate, usually long-exserted from the upper sheaths; branches ascending to spreading, rebranching about or above mid-length, scaberulous, without spikelets near their base, inferior branches up to 7 cm long; pedicels 0.4 - 3.3 mm long, usually spreading, scaberulous. Spikelets (1.7 -) 2 - 3 (- 3.5) mm long, greenish to purplish; glumes subequal, lanceolate, apices shortly acuminate, 1 - veined, scaberulous on the keel, lower glume 2.5 - 3.5 mm long, upper glume 2.2 - 3.3 mm long; callus glabrous or with a few trichomes, inconspicuous; lemmas 1 - 2.5 mm long, elliptic, apices entire, acute to obtuse, sometimes truncate, 3 (5) - veined, veins usually prominent, sometimes two veins excurrent ca. 0.5 mm, unawned, rarely awned near mid-length, awn up to 2 mm, geniculate or straight; paleas present, 0.6 - 1.2 (- 1.4) mm long, 2 - veined, glabrous; anthers 3, 0.8 - 1.4 mm long. Caryopsis 0.8 - 1.5, elliptic; endosperm solid. 2 n = 28 (Harvey 2007).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
0E5286B6E7B75EF89D55489B6614600B.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Introduced. Agrostis capillaris is native to Europe. This species has been collected in Francisco Morazan, Honduras, and in the state of Mexico, Mexico (Fig. 8 C). It grows in cloud forests and Pinus forests, at 2000 - 2830 m a. s. l. (Fig. 9 F).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
0E5286B6E7B75EF89D55489B6614600B.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens examined. Honduras. Francisco Morazan: Distrito Central, bosque denso, humedo y nebuloso de Montana La Tigra, al SO de San Juancito, [14.2 ° N, 87.1 ° W], 2000 m alt., 11 Jun 1963, A. Molina 12706 (MICH, US). MEXICO. Mexico: Municipio Temascaltepec, Meson Viejo, [19.16666667 ° N, 99.88333333 ° W], 2830 m alt., 1 Jun 1933, G. B. Hinton 3996 (MO, TEX [*, **], US).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
3EE073AE05EB5C28A386FC843953256C.taxon	description	Figs 4 D, 5 D, 13	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
3EE073AE05EB5C28A386FC843953256C.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Based on Agrostis arachnoides Elliott.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
3EE073AE05EB5C28A386FC843953256C.taxon	description	Description. Plants annual, caespitose. Tillers absent. Culms 5 - 45 cm long, erect, sometimes geniculate at the base, nodes (3 -) 4 - 9, glabrous, internodes glabrous. Leaves basal and cauline; sheaths 1 - 5 cm long, longer or shorter than the internodes, glabrous or scaberulous; ligules (0.7 -) 1.5 - 3.5 (- 5) mm long, longer than wide, dorsally scaberulous, apices rounded to truncate, lacerate; blades 0.5 - 4 (- 7) cm long, 0.5 - 1 mm wide, linear, flat, sometimes becoming conduplicated, scaberulous on both surfaces. Panicles (3 -) 5 - 20 cm long, (0.5 -) 2 - 12 cm wide, open, lax, linear to ovate, usually exserted from the upper sheaths, the whole panicle detaching after maturity; branches ascending to spreading, rebranching about or above mid-length, scaberulous, without spikelets near their base, inferior branches 2 - 8 cm long; pedicels 0.3 - 7.5 mm long, ascending to spreading, scaberulous. Spikelets 1.5 - 2.2 mm long, purplish; glumes equal to subequal, lanceolate, apices acute, 1 - veined, scaberulous on the keel, sometimes margins distally scaberulous, lower glume 1.5 - 2.2 mm long, upper glume 1.3 - 2 mm long; callus pubescent, with 2 bunches of trichomes; lemmas 1 - 2 mm long, elliptic, apices entire, acute or toothed, 5 - nerved, veins prominent, awned in the upper third, awn 3 - 10 mm, flexuous, deciduous; paleas absent, or up to 0.2 mm long, veinless, glabrous; anther 1, 0.1 - 0.2 mm long. Caryopsis 1 - 1.4 mm long, elliptic; endosperm liquid. 2 n = 28 (Harvey 2007).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
3EE073AE05EB5C28A386FC843953256C.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Agrostis elliottiana is native to North America, distributed on the East Coast of USA, from Pennsylvania to Florida, and from northern California to Texas (Harvey 2007). Herbarium specimens from the study zone of this species have been collected in southern Arizona and New Mexico, USA (Fig. 8 D). Agrostis elliottiana has also been reported from the Mexican state of Yucatan (Beetle et al. 1983), but herbarium specimens associated with this record have not been found. This species grows in the edges of streams, in the middle of scrublands, with Arctostaphylos and Juniperus, between 1189 - 1676 m a. s. l. (Fig. 9 G). There are more records of this species in the study zone, on databases (GBIF 2023 a), but not all of them have images, and thus we were unable to confirm their identity.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
3EE073AE05EB5C28A386FC843953256C.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens examined. USA. Arizona: Pima County, Arizona National Scenic Trail, Santa Catalina Mountains, Coronado National Forest, along 4 WD road west of Bellota Ranch, 32.324417 ° N, 110.6547 ° W, 1189 m alt., 28 Apr 2005, W. C. Hodgson et al. 20220 (DES); Coronado National Forest, 6.8 mi E of Coronado National Forest boundary, along extension of Tanque Verde Road, [32.2516 ° N, 110.62 ° W], 1300 m alt., 28 Apr 1973, E. Lehto et al. 10924 (ASU [*, **]); E edge of Rincon Mountains, 4 km N of Pima-Cochise County line along USFS- 35 (Mescal Road), [32.116667 ° N, 110.483333 ° W], 1330 m alt., 16 Apr 1986, J. R. Reeder 842 (MICH). New Mexico: Hidalgo County, Peloncillo Mountains, Cloverdale Creek Canyon about 1.3 road mi NW of the Pendleton Ranch House, [31.448973 ° N, 108.986951 ° W], 1676 m alt., 20 Apr 1986, R. D. Worthington 14015 (COLO, DES, NY, UNM).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
9B2C37B1230852BDA2EE3193095F7375.taxon	description	Figs 4 E, 5 E, 14	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
9B2C37B1230852BDA2EE3193095F7375.taxon	materials_examined	Type. USA. Alaska: Unalaska, 1829, J. F. Eschscholtz s. n. (holotype: LE (LE 00009316 [image!]); isotype: LE).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
9B2C37B1230852BDA2EE3193095F7375.taxon	description	Description. Plants perennial, caespitose, rarely shortly rhizomatous. Tillers extravaginal, with cataphylls. Culms 10 - 90 cm long, erect or decumbent at the base, nodes 2 - 4, glabrous, internodes glabrous. Leaves basal and cauline; sheaths 3 - 10 cm long, usually shorter than the internodes, glabrous; ligules 2.5 - 5 mm long, longer than wide, dorsally scaberulous, apices acute, often lacerate; blades 3 - 15 cm long, 1.5 - 4 (- 8) mm wide, linear, flat, scaberulous on both surfaces. Panicles (2 -) 4 - 20 (- 30) cm long, 0.4 - 2 (- 3) cm wide, contracted, usually dense and spiciform, lanceolate to oblong, sometimes interrupted at the base, sometimes partially included in the upper sheaths; branches appressed to ascending, rebranching about or below mid-length, scaberulous, usually with spikelets almost to the base, inferior branches 1 - 5 cm long; pedicels 0.5 - 3 mm long, appressed, scaberulous. Spikelets 2 - 2.5 mm long, greenish to stramineous; glumes subequal to unequal, lanceolate, apices acute to shortly acuminate, 1 - veined, scaberulous on the keel, sometimes also on the body, sometimes awned, awn ca. 1 mm long, lower glume 2 - 2.5 mm long, upper glume 1.5 - 2.3 mm long; callus glabrous or with 2 bunches of few, short trichomes, often inconspicuous; lemmas 1.2 - 2 mm long, elliptic, apices acute or shortly toothed, 5 - nerved, veins prominent distally or inconspicuous throughout, usually unawned, sometimes awned about mid-length, awn up to 3 mm long, geniculate or straight; paleas absent or 0.3 - 0.8 mm long, veinless, glabrous; anthers 3, 0.3 - 0.7 mm long. Caryopsis 1 - 1.5 mm long, elliptic; endosperm soft or solid. 2 n = 28, 42, 56 (Harvey 2007).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
9B2C37B1230852BDA2EE3193095F7375.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Agrostis exarata is distributed from Alaska to central Mexico, and is also found in Kamchatka and the Kuril Islands (Harvey 2007). In the study zone, this species has been collected in the USA states of Arizona, California, New Mexico and Texas, and in the Mexican states of Baja California, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo and Sonora (Fig. 8 E). It has also been reported from Mexico City and the Mexican states of Mexico and Puebla (Villasenor 2016; Sanchez-Ken 2019), but no specimens from these states were seen. It grows in moist soils of stream edges and lake margins, in open areas of temperate forests with Pinus or Quercus, and shrublands, between 350 - 2900 m a. s. l. (Fig. 9 H). The USA and Baja California populations of this species grow in lower elevations than the southern ones.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
9B2C37B1230852BDA2EE3193095F7375.taxon	materials_examined	Representative specimens examined. Mexico. Baja California. Municipio Ensenada, Sierra San Pedro Martir, head of arroyo Copal, steep canyon on E sidelong crest of range, 1.5 km N of cerro Observatorio, [31.04418346 ° N, 115.463326 ° W, 2800 m alt.], 16 Jul 1988, S. Boyd and T. Ross 2544 (F, MEXU [*], NY). Baja California Sur: Municipio Comondu, along small dry streambed, on open rolling ridge tops, La Chuparosa, [26.22975 ° N, 111.97158 ° W, 350 m alt.], 12 Apr 1955, A. Carter and R. S. Ferris s. n. (SD). Chihuahua: Municipio Ocampo, Parque Nacional de la Cascada de Basaseachi, [28.16666667 ° N, 108.2083333 ° W], 1600 m alt., 26 Apr 1985, R. Spellenberg et al. (MEXU), 9056 (MEXU). Without municipality, by springs, Sierra Madre, 2900 m alt., 3 Oct 1887, C. G. Pringle 1421 (F, MEXU). Coahuila: Municipio Zaragoza, Sierra del Carmen, Canyon de Sentenela [Centinela] on Hacienda Piedra Blanca, [29.11021676 ° N, 101.7054129 ° W, 860 m alt.], 6 Jul 1936, F. L. Wynf and C. H. Muller 547 (MSC). Durango: Municipio San Dimas: Vencedores, camino a las cabanas, 24.44944444 ° N, 105.7758333 ° W, 2355 m alt., 25 Aug 2013, S. Heynes 587 (MEXU [*, **]); Guanajuato: Municipio San Felipe, Vergel de la Sierra, [21.38504722 ° N, 101.6354389 ° W], 2440 m alt., 3 Sep 1981, R. Guzman 4543 (MEXU [*, **]), R. Santillan 154 - R (MEXU). Hidalgo: Municipio Acaxochitlan, San Francisco, [20.1897756 ° N, 98.14532383 ° W], 2000 m alt., 30 May 1985, A. Villa 186 (MEXU). Sonora: Sonora, 24 Jun 1855, A. Schott s. n. (F). USA. Arizona: Cochise County, Rucker Canyon, [31.757451 ° N, 109.360505 ° W], 2495 m alt., 28 May 1952, E. R. Blakley 1301 (DES). California: San Diego County, Cuyamaca Rancho State Park, 0.4 mile NE of intersection of state highway 79 and Stonewall Mine road, ca. 100 m NE of Los Caballos equestrian campground and 20 m south of Stonewall Mine road in north-treading drainage, 32.9728 ° N, 116.5714 ° W, 1440 alt., 26 Jun 2005, L. Hendrickson 1093 (BSCA, SD [*, **]). New Mexico: Grant County, Mimbres River, [32.858382 ° N, 107.977694 ° W], 1676 m alt., 1 Jul 1904, O. B. Metcalfe 1073 (F, NY). Texas: Brewster County, Lower Oak Creek, Chisos Mountains, [29.266025 ° N, 103.301199 ° W, 1700 m alt.], 6 Jul 1937, B. H. Warnock 20153 (TEX). See Suppl. materials 2, 3 for additional examined specimens.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
B42D528ED154500A8801E30F08BCE890.taxon	description	Figs 4 F, 5 F, 16	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
B42D528ED154500A8801E30F08BCE890.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Mexico. Oaxaca: Province d'Oaxaca, 1842, A. Ghiesbreght s. n. (holotype: P (P 00740574 [image!]); isotype: US [fragm. ex P] (US 00156357 [image!] )).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
B42D528ED154500A8801E30F08BCE890.taxon	description	Description. Plants perennial, caespitose. Tillers extravaginal, with cataphylls. Culms 30 - 90 cm long, erect, rarely shortly decumbent at the base, nodes 2 - 5, glabrous, internodes glabrous. Leaves basal and cauline; sheaths 4 - 10 cm long, the lower ones shorter than the internodes, the upper ones longer, glabrous; ligules 1.5 - 6 (- 12) mm long, longer than wide, dorsally scaberulous, apices acute, often lacerate; blades 3.5 - 27 cm long, 1 - 3.5 (- 5) mm wide, stiff, linear, convolute or involute, the upper ones sometimes flat, scaberulous on both surfaces. Panicles 8 - 30 cm long, 5 - 19 cm wide, open, lax, ovate, usually long-exserted from the upper sheaths; branches spreading, rebranching about or above mid-length, scaberulous, without spikelets near their base, inferior branches 1.5 - 10 cm long; pedicels 2.5 - 5 (- 10) mm long, ascending to spreading, scaberulous. Spikelets (2.5 -) 3 - 4 mm long, usually purplish; glumes subequal to unequal, lanceolate, apices acute to shortly acuminate, 1 - veined, scaberulous on the keel, lower glume (2.5 -) 3 - 4 mm long, upper glume (2.2 -) 2.7 - 3.9 mm long; callus pubescent, with 2 bunches of trichomes; lemmas (1.5 -) 1.8 - 2.5 mm long, elliptic, apices irregularly toothed, 5 - nerved, veins prominent, awned from near the base, awn 2.3 - 5 mm long, geniculate; paleas absent, or up to 0.2 mm long, veinless, glabrous; anthers 3, 1 - 1.5 mm long. Caryopsis 1.2 - 1.5 mm long, elliptic; endosperm soft. 2 n = unknown. Leaf anatomy. Leaf blades convolute, rarely flat in transversal section; adaxial furrows deep, narrow; adaxial ribs rounded; keel absent; first order bundles circular in outline, sheath interrupted adaxially and abaxially, abaxial and adaxial sclerenchyma in girders; second order bundles circular in outline, sheath interrupted abaxially, abaxial sclerenchyma in girders, narrowing towards the bundle, adaxial sclerenchyma in strands; intercostal sclerenchyma usually present, a hypodermal band, sometimes absent; leaf margins with sclerenchyma continuous with the hypodermal band; colorless cells absent (Fig. 15 D, E). Lemmas with transversal thickenings oblong, wider than the unthickened portions of the wall; prickle hairs abundant (Fig. 7 F).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
B42D528ED154500A8801E30F08BCE890.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Endemic. Agrostis ghiesbreghtii is distributed from central Mexico to Guatemala. In Mexico, it has been collected in Mexico City and the states of Chiapas, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Mexico, Michoacan, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla and Veracruz (Fig. 8 F). It is also reported from Chihuahua and Durango (Sanchez-Ken 2019), but no specimens from these states were seen. In Guatemala, it has been collected in the departments of Quetzaltenango and Sacatepequez. This species grows in open areas of temperate forests, with Abies, Pinus, Quercus, and alpine grasslands, between 1110 - 3700 m a. s. l. (Fig. 9 I).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
B42D528ED154500A8801E30F08BCE890.taxon	materials_examined	Representative specimens examined. Guatemala. Sacatepequez: Distrito Alotenango, Volcan de Acatenango, [14.499453 ° N, 90.87175 ° W], 3700 m alt., 10 Apr 2000, M. Veliz et al. 8303 (MEXU), 8371 (MEXU). Quetzaltenango: Distrito Quetzaltenango, Volcan Santa Maria, upper NE facing slopes to summit of volcano, [14.7583 ° N, 91.5492 ° W], 3600 m alt., 13 Jan 1940, J. A. Steyermark 34160 (F). Mexico. Chiapas: Municipio Motozintla, near summit of cerro Mozotal, [15.42605394 ° N, 92.34362676 ° W], 2750 m alt., 24 Nov 1981, D. E. Breedlove 55885 (MICH, MEXU [*], TEX), 55893 (MEXU, MO). Guanajuato: Municipio Xichu, Sierra de Xichu, [21.28736944 ° N, 100.0888472 ° W], 1900 m alt., 19 Sep 1981, A. Mora 281 - AMB (MEXU). Guerrero: Municipio General Heliodoro Castillo, Escalerilla, [17.47217778 ° N, 100.0386778 ° W], 2550 m alt., 1 Nov 1998, N. Diego 8296 (FCME [*], MEXU); cerro Teotepec, [17.46666667 ° N, 100.2166667 ° W], 3350 m alt., 11 Apr 1963, J. Rzedowski 18137 (ENCB, F, IEB, MICH). Hidalgo: Municipio Mineral del Chico, alrededores de Las Ventanas, 5 km al N de Pachuca, [20.19252776 ° N, 98.73954093 ° W], 2900 m alt., 2 Nov 1983, S Acosta et al. 416 (FCME, MEXU [*, **], UAMIZ, XAL). Municipio Zimapan, 11 km al S de La Luz, [20.733333 ° N, 99.366667 ° W], 1100 m alt., 10 Jan 1991, V. M. Huerta 1165 (CIB, IEB, XAL). Mexico: Municipio San Simon de Guerrero, 3 km sobre la desviacion de Simon de Guerrero, carretera hacia Sultepec, [19.01857206 ° N, 100.0280164 ° W], 2870 m alt., 7 Feb 1984, E. Manrique et al. 673 (MEXU). Mexico City: Alcaldia Cuajimalpa, loma La Vaquera (arroyo Agua de Leones), 3220 m alt., 16 Oct 1985, A. Miranda and P. Guerrero 136 a (MEXU). Michoacan: Municipio Contepec, cerro Altamirano, Reserva de la Biosfera Mariposa Monarca, 19.96667 ° N, 100.13333 ° W, 3027 m alt., 6 Mar 2005, J. Martinez 1453 (IEB, MEXU [**]). Morelos: Municipio Huitzilac, Zempoala, [19.03333333 ° N, 99.3 ° W], 3000 m alt., 3 Nov 1951, E. Matuda 26005 (MEXU, US). Oaxaca: Municipio Santa Maria Tlahuitoltepec, SE slopes of Sierra Zempoaltepetl, [17.129956 ° N, 96.01353 ° W], 3300 m alt., 7 Aug 1950, H. S. Gentry 9231 (MEXU [*]). Municipio San Martin Peras: Santiago Juxtlahuaca, San Martin Peras, carretera Tecomaxtlahuaca-San Martin Peras, 2 km de la interseccion a Coicoyan de las Flores, 17.2963333 ° N, 98.195528 ° W, 2570 m alt., 17 Oct 1994, J. L. Panero et al. 5117 (MEXU [*], TEX). Puebla: Municipio Atzitzintla, Teamalaquilla [Texmalaquilla], [18.943056 ° N, 97.2875 ° W], 3100 m alt., 29 Aug 1938, E. K. Balls 5393 (MICH, MSC, US). Veracruz: Municipio Calcahualco, barranca de San Miguel Tlacotiopa, [19.11192082 ° N, 97.20509861 ° W], 2700 m alt., 19 Jan 1989, P. Tenorio 15470 (CIIDIR, MEXU [*, **]). See the Suppl. material 2 for additional examined specimens.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
CDB60DBFB8F0569BBF0FFB9D88428E73.taxon	description	Figs 4 G, 5 G, 17	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
CDB60DBFB8F0569BBF0FFB9D88428E73.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Germany. Herb. Albrecht de Haller, A. W. Roth s. n. (lectotype, designated by Widen (1971: 97): G (G 00195254 [image!] )).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
CDB60DBFB8F0569BBF0FFB9D88428E73.taxon	description	Description. Plants perennial, rhizomatous. Tillers extravaginal, with cataphylls. Rhizomes up to 25 cm long. Culms 0.2 - 1.2 m long, erect, sometimes geniculate, nodes 3 - 7, glabrous, internodes glabrous. Leaves basal and cauline; sheaths 4.5 - 13 cm long, usually shorter than the internodes, glabrous or scaberulous; ligules 1 - 7 mm long, longer than wide, dorsally scaberulous, apices rounded to truncate, erose to lacerate; blades (2 -) 3.5 - 20 cm long, 1 - 8 mm wide, usually at least some blades larger than 5 mm wide, linear, flat, scaberulous on both surfaces. Panicles (9 -) 13 - 40 cm long, 4 - 16 cm wide, open, dense to lax, lanceolate to ovate, exserted from the upper sheaths; branches ascending to spreading, rebranching about or above mid-length, scaberulous, without spikelets near their base or often some inferior branches with spikelets, inferior branches 2.5 - 15 cm long; pedicels 0.3 - 3 mm long, ascending to spreading, scaberulous. Spikelets 1.7 - 3 mm long, greenish to purplish; glumes subequal to unequal, lanceolate to ovate, apices acute to shortly acuminate, 1 - veined, scaberulous on the keel, lower glume 1.7 - 3 mm long, upper glume 1.3 - 2.8 mm long; callus glabrous or with 2 bunches of few, very short trichomes, inconspicuous; lemmas 1.4 - 2 mm long, elliptic to oblong, apices entire, acute or sometimes truncate, 3 - 5 - veined, veins inconspicuous or prominent distally, usually unawned; paleas present, 0.5 - 1.2 mm long, faintly 2 - veined, glabrous; anthers 3, 0.7 - 1.2 mm long. Caryopsis 1 - 1.5 mm long, elliptic, endosperm solid. 2 n = 42 (Harvey 2007).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
CDB60DBFB8F0569BBF0FFB9D88428E73.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Introduced. Agrostis gigantea is native to Eurasia. In the study zone, it has been collected in the USA states of Arizona, California, New Mexico, Texas, and in Mexico City, and the Mexican states of Durango, Mexico, Michoacan, San Luis Potosi, and Sonora (Fig. 18 A). This species has also been reported from Guanajuato, Morelos, and Oaxaca (Sanchez-Ken 2019), but no specimens from these states were found. Agrostis gigantea grows in disturbed areas, mainly in moist soils of ditches, marshy places and stream edges, between 651 - 3300 m a. s. l. (Fig. 9 J).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
CDB60DBFB8F0569BBF0FFB9D88428E73.taxon	materials_examined	Representative specimens examined. Mexico. Durango: Municipio Canelas, Las Cebollitas, [25.10273363 ° N, 106.4441947 ° W], 2460 m alt., 1 Aug 1990, A. Benitez 1725 (CIIDIR, MEXU, UAMIZ). Mexico: Municipio Amecameca, km 15 carretera Amecameca-Tlamacas, [19.08516405 ° N, 98.68113865 ° W, 3288 m alt.], 2 Oct 1992, A. Miranda and G. Villegas 634 (MEXU [*]). Municipio Isidro Fabela, alrededores de la presa Iturbide, [19.52454734 ° N, 99.46880154 ° W], 3300 m alt., 19 Aug 1971, J. Rzedowski 28545 (IBUG [*, **]). Municipio Jilotepec, Jilotepec, [19.96787783 N, 99.51665054], 2450 m alt., 27 June 1954, E. Matuda 30961 (MEXU [*, **]). Mexico City: Alcaldia Cuajimalpa, La Venta, Santa Rosa-Contreras, [19.33155 ° N, 99.31138889 ° W], 2600 m alt., 29 Jul 1951, E. Matuda 21271 (MEXU [*, **]). Michoacan: Municipio Salvador Escalante, Santa Clara del Cobre, [19.41071944 ° N, 101.6532583 ° W], 2150 m alt., E. Perez 96 (IEB, MEXU). Sonora: Municipio Yecora, 5.2 km W of Yecora on Mex 16, 28.36184916 N, 108.961472, 1720 m alt., 1 Jun 1999, A. L. Reina et al. 99 - 160 (TEX). USA. Arizona: Graham County, Hospital Flat, Pinaleno Mountains, 32.6651 ° N, 109.877 ° W, 700 m alt, 7 Sep 1980, C. E. Jenkins and G. Yatskievych 3120 (ASU). California: San Diego County, Cuyamaca Rancho State Park, Cuyamaca Peak, 1 mi E of highway 79, beside Fern Flat Fire Road (unpaved), 0.5 mi SE of intersection with Lookout Fire Road and 0.8 air mile ENE of summit, 32.9487 ° N, 116.5935 ° W, 1586 m alt., 18 Sep 2008, L. Hendrickson 3272 (SD). New Mexico. Socorro County, Bosque del Apache refuge, San Antonio, [33.917844 ° N, 106.865859 ° W], 651 m, 7 Dec 1940, L. Lee s. n. (UNM). Texas: Brewster County, along creek from Boot Springs toward Boot, Chisos Mountains, [29.2724465 ° N, 103.2657998 ° W], 2065 m alt., 26 Aug 1937, B. H. Warnock 1039 (MICH). See Suppl. materials 2, 3 for additional examined specimens.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
5300DB20A08C5F46ABBBD91C856B98D5.taxon	description	Figs 4 H, 5 H, 19	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
5300DB20A08C5F46ABBBD91C856B98D5.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Based on Cornucopiae hyemalis Walter.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
5300DB20A08C5F46ABBBD91C856B98D5.taxon	description	Description. Plants perennial, caespitose. Tillers extravaginal, with cataphylls. Culms 15 - 90 cm long, erect, sometimes shortly decumbent at the base, nodes (2 -) 3 - 7, glabrous, internodes glabrous. Leaves basal and cauline; sheaths 5 - 11 cm long, usually shorter than the internodes, glabrous or scaberulous; ligules 1 - 7 mm long, longer than wide, dorsally scaberulous, apices rounded to truncate, erose, sometimes acute, often lacerate; blades 3 - 10 (- 15) cm long, 1 - 2 (- 3) mm wide, linear, flat, often becoming involute when dry, scaberulous on both surfaces. Panicles 10 - 30 cm long, (1.5 -) 4 - 25 (- 30) cm wide, open, lax, ovate, exserted from the upper sheaths, sometimes partially included; branches spreading, sometimes ascending, rebranching in the upper third, scaberulous, without spikelets near their base, spikelets clustered at the tips, inferior branches up to 15 cm long; pedicels (0.1 -) 0.5 - 2 (- 3.5) mm long, appressed, scaberulous. Spikelets 1 - 2 (- 2.5) mm long, greenish to purplish; glumes subequal to unequal, lanceolate, apices acute to shortly acuminate, 1 - veined, scaberulous on the keel, sometimes also on the body, lower glume 1 - 2 (- 2.3) mm long, upper glume 0.8 - 1.9 (- 2.2) mm long; callus pubescent, with two bunches of trichomes; lemmas 0.8 - 1.3 (- 1.4) mm long, elliptic, apices entire, acute to obtuse, sometimes truncate, 5 - nerved, veins inconspicuous or prominent, unawned; paleas absent or up to 0.2 mm long, veinless, glabrous; anthers 3, 0.2 - 0.5 mm long. Caryopsis 0.6 - 1.2 mm long, elliptic; endosperm soft. 2 n = 28 (Harvey 2007).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
5300DB20A08C5F46ABBBD91C856B98D5.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Agrostis hyemalis is distributed from Ontario province in Canada to central Mexico, and is also present in the West Indies and Ecuador (Harvey 2007). The records of this species in western North America could represent the confusion with A. scabra (see note below). It has also been reported from Peru (Soreng and Peterson 2003). In the study zone, this species has been collected in southern Arizona and Texas, USA, and in the Mexican states of Aguascalientes, Baja California, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacan, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi and Sonora (Fig. 18 B). It has also been reported from the Mexico City and the states of Colima, Guanajuato, Morelos, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Sinaloa, Tlaxcala and Veracruz (Villasenor 2016), but no specimens from these states were found. Agrostis hyemalis grows in open areas of temperate forests, with Abies, Juniperus, Pinus or Quercus, cloud forests, rocky areas of grasslands and stream edges, between 14 - 2710 m a. s. l. (Fig. 9 K). The Texan populations of this species grow in lower elevations than the Mexican ones.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
5300DB20A08C5F46ABBBD91C856B98D5.taxon	materials_examined	Representative specimens examined. Mexico. Aguascalientes: Municipio Calvillo, margen Presa Los Adobes, 21.805 ° N, 102.6886111 ° W, 1960 m alt., 29 Mar 2010, F. Macias 5 (FCME, IEB, INEGI, MEXU [*], UAMIZ). Baja California: Municipio Ensenada, Los Llanitos, [30.96666667 ° N, 115.4333333 ° W], 2550 m alt., 17 Aug 1967, R. Moran and R. F. Thorne 14267 (MEXU). Baja California Sur: Municipio La Paz, Sierra de la Laguna, arroyo la Boquilla, [23.53333 ° N, 109.9 ° W], 1850 m alt., 2 Jun 1995, M. Dominguez 1009 (SD [*]). Chihuahua: Municipio Chihuahua, rancho El Penasco, km 150 carretera Chihuahua-Ciudad Juarez, [29.875 ° N, 106.375 ° W], 750 m alt., 9 Aug 1979, M. E. Siqueiros 340 (MEXU [*]). Municipio Chinipas, rancho Byerly, Sierra Charuco, [27.581389 ° N, 108.696111 ° W], 1767 m, Apr 1948, H. S. Gentry 8027 (MEXU, US). Coahuila: Municipio Ocampo, Madera del Carmen, 0.5 mi from Campo Uno, up the road towards the summit, 28.99611111 ° N, 102.6113889 ° W, 2355 m alt., 22 Sep 2007, P. M. Peterson et al. 21016 (CAN, MEXU [*, **], US); Durango: Municipio Durango, predio Las Bayas (UJED), arroyo San Rafael, 23.44416667 ° N, 105.8775 ° W, 2710 m alt., 8 Aug 1990, A. Garcia and M. Gonzalez 610 (CIIDIR). Municipio Suchil, arroyo El Toboso, potrero Jacales, San Juan de Michis, [23.432778 ° N, 104.132778 ° W], 2220 m alt., 3 Jan 1986, J. Alvarado 711 (CIIDIR, IBUG, IEB, MEXU [*], UAMIZ). Hidalgo: Municipio Huasca de Ocampo, 0.5 km al W de Bermudez, sobre el camino de terraceria que conduce de Bermudez a Huasca de Ocampo, [20.1975 ° N, 98.58861111 ° W], 2230 m alt., 21 Jul 1994, M. Osorio 27 (MEXU). Jalisco: Municipio Gudalajara, periferico de Guadalajara, cercano al auditorio Benito Juarez, [20.72784467 ° N, 103.3330636 ° W], 1540 m alt., 13 Nov 1975, C. Garcia 238 (IBUG). Mexico: Municipio Cuautitlan, alrededores de Cuautitlan, [19.65834784 ° N, 99.22657358 ° W], 2250 m alt., 5 Jun 1982, J. Rzedowski 37841 (CIIDIR, IEB, INEGI, MEXU [*], XAL). Municipio San Simon de Guerrero: 3 km sobre la desviacion a San Simon de Guerrero, por la carretera Temascaltepec-Tejupilco, [19.01841341 ° N, 100.0282873 ° W], 1974 m alt., 15 Mar 1983, E. Manrique et al. 207 (MEXU [*]). Michoacan: Municipio Charo: cerca de Pontezuela, 25 km al E de Morelia, sobre la carretera a Mil Cumbres, [19.65730833 ° N, 100.9891889 ° W], 2200 m alt., 29 Jan 1987, J. Rzedowski 42417 (CHAPA, CIIDIR, ENCB, FCME, IBUG, IEB, MEXU); El Salto de Agua, 2300 m alt., 1 Feb 1994, J. A. Torres 34 (MEXU [*, **]). Puebla: Municipio Honey, 1 km al E de Ocahuales, carretera a Pahuatlan, [20.28333333 ° N, 98.2 ° W], 1880 m alt., 4 May 1989, P. Tenorio 15742 (IEB, MEXU, NY, TEX). Queretaro: Municipio Landa, 5 km al S de El Lobo, sobre el camino a Agua Zarca, [21.26118889 ° N, 99.11667778 ° W], 1500 m alt., 21 Feb 1987, J. Rzedowski 42572 (IEB). San Luis Potosi: Municipio San Luis Potosi, Canada de Lobos, Sierra de San Miguelito, 5 km al S de la ciudad de San Luis Potosi, [22.09433995 ° N, 100.9645498 ° W], 1900 m alt., 1968, F. Takaki 2170 (MEXU). Sonora: without municipality, Sonora, 24 Jun 1855, A. Schott s. n. (F). Zacatecas: Municipio Guadalupe, ladera N del cerro de la Virgen, 215 m, 10 Aug 1988, J. Balleza 1580 (CHAPA). USA. Arizona: Pima County, Forest Cabin, Baboquivari Mountains, [31.7897 ° N, 111.586 ° W], 2091 m alt., 14 May 1941, C. Goodding 105 - 41 (ASU). Texas: Hidalgo County, ca. 1.3 airmiles SW of junction of Hidalgo, Kennedy and Willacy Counties, Hunke Ranc, La Sal Vieja Quadrangle, 26.59958 ° N, 97.97172 ° W, 14 m alt., 16 Mar 2004, W. R. Carr and M. Pons 22785 (TEX). Jeff Davis County, NW flank of Mount Livermore, ca. 0.3 mi ESE of Madrea Tank, ca. 0.7 mi, NNW of summit of Baldy Peak, 30.64722 ° N, 104.17833 ° W, 1890 m alt., 11 Aug 2000, W. R. Carr 19093 (TEX [*]). See Suppl. materials 2, 3 for additional examined specimens.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
8094F473833558A886386950C47041A8.taxon	description	Fig. 20	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
8094F473833558A886386950C47041A8.taxon	materials_examined	Type. USA. Idaho: Nez Perce County, Forest, 1160 m alt., 1 Jul 1896, A. A. Heller and E. G. Heller 3431 (holotype: NY (NY 00327633 [image!]); isotypes: BAA (BAA 00001339 [image!]), CAS (CAS 0000194 [image!]), DAO (DAO 000465362 [image!]), ID (ID 00157714 [image!]), JE (JE 00020223 [image!]), K (K 000838198 [image!]), LE (LE 00009307 [image!]), MO (MO- 123094 [image!]), MIN (MIN 1000077 [image!]), MSC (MSC 0129856 [image!]), NDG (NDG 07456 [image!]), NY (NY 00327634 [image!]), P (P 00740552 [image!], P 00740553 [image!]), S (SG- 259 [image!]), US (US 00131762 [image!]).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
8094F473833558A886386950C47041A8.taxon	description	Description. Plants perennial, caespitose. Tillers extravaginal, with cataphylls. Culms 8 - 40 cm long, erect, nodes 2 - 5, glabrous, internodes glabrous. Leaves mostly basal; sheaths 5 - 11 cm long, the lower ones usually shorter larger than the internodes, glabrous or scaberulous; ligules (0.7 -) 1 - 2 (- 4) mm long, longer than wide, dorsally scaberulous, apices rounded to truncate, erose to lacerate; blades 1 - 7 cm long, 0.5 - 2 mm wide, linear, flat, often becoming involute when dry, scaberulous on both surfaces. Panicles 3 - 13 cm long, 1 - 6 (- 8) cm wide, open, lax, lanceolate to ovate, exserted from the upper sheaths; branches ascending, sometimes spreading, rebranching about or slightly above mid-length, scaberulous, without spikelets near their base, inferior branches 1 - 4 cm long; pedicels 0.5 - 6.5 mm long, ascending to spreading, scaberulous. Spikelets 1.5 - 2.5 mm long, purplish; glumes subequal, lanceolate, apices acute to shortly acuminate, 1 - veined, scaberulous on the keel, lower glume 1.5 - 2.5 mm long, upper glume 1.4 - 2.4 mm long, sometimes glabrous; callus puberulous; lemmas 1.2 - 2.2 mm long, elliptic, apices entire, acute to obtuse, 5 - nerved, veins inconspicuous, unawned; paleas absent or up to 0.2 mm long, veinless, glabrous; anthers 3, 0.3 - 0.6 mm long. Caryopsis 1 - 1.3 mm long, elliptic; endosperm soft. 2 n = 28 (Harvey 2007).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
8094F473833558A886386950C47041A8.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Agrostis idahoensis is distributed from Alaska to California and New Mexico (Harvey 2007). It is also present in Chile and Argentina (Rugolo and Molina 1997). In the study zone, this species has been collected in southern Arizona and California (Fig. 18 C). It grows in stream edges of temperate forests, with Abies, Arctostaphylos, Picea or Pinus, between 3084 - 3121 m a. s. l. (Fig. 9 L). There are more records of this species in the study zone, on databases (GBIF 2023 b), but not all of them have images, and thus we were unable to confirm their identity.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
8094F473833558A886386950C47041A8.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens examined. USA. Arizona: Graham County, High Peak Cienega, Pinaleno Mountains, 32.693861 ° N, 109.867556 ° W, 3121 m alt., 9 Aug 2014, M. Licher 4524 (ASC). California: San Bernardino County, San Bernardino National Forest, San Gorgonio Wilderness area, High Meadow Springs in the upper watershed of Mill Creek, approximately 0.75 air miles west northwest of Dollar Lake, 34.12471 ° N, 116.86665 ° W, 3084 m alt., 21 Jul 2016, D. S. Bell and A. Chambers 9968 (RSA).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
F6522B12AEEF5BDBB388C30FFF4A3C72.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Agrostis canina L. (lectotype designated by Widen (1971: 13), see also Philipson (1937), Jarvis (1992) and commentary below).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
F6522B12AEEF5BDBB388C30FFF4A3C72.taxon	description	Description. Plants herbaceous, annuals or perennials, up to 1.2 m, caespitose, rhizomatous or stoloniferous, sometimes developing pseudoestolons. Tillers extravaginal and / or intravaginal. Culms decumbent to erect, usually slender, unbranched, internodes hollow. Leaves basal or cauline; sheaths open; auricles absent; ligules membranous, entire to lacerate, usually scabridulous dorsally; blades filiform to linear, flat, conduplicate, convolute, or involute. Synflorescence a panicle, usually terminal, contracted to open; branches usually in whorls. Spikelets up to 4.5 mm long, 1 - flowered, pedicellate, laterally compressed; rachilla not prolonged beyond the base of the floret; disarticulation above the glumes; glumes as long as the spikelet, equal to unequal, keeled, membranous, usually 1 - nerved, rarely awned; floret bisexual, shorter than the glumes, usually 1 / 3 - 3 / 4 the length of the glumes, rarely longer; callus rounded, glabrous to pubescent; lemmas rounded dorsally, apices entire, erose or toothed, membranous, (3) 5 - nerved, veins inconspicuous or prominent, unawned or awned dorsally, awn straight to geniculate; paleas often absent or diminute, sometimes well-developed and reaching (1 / 5 -) 1 / 3 - 3 / 4 of the lemma length; lodicules 2; anthers (1) 3; ovary glabrous, styles 2, free to the base. Fruit a caryopsis; endosperm liquid, soft or solid. x = 7.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
B98EFC92F89A591DA1D8E1D9D7C57F94.taxon	description	Figs 4 I, 5 I, 21	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
B98EFC92F89A591DA1D8E1D9D7C57F94.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Guatemala. San Marcos: dense Abies - Cupressus forest, along road between San Marcos and Serchil, 2700 - 3150 m alt., 30 Jan 1941, P. C. Standley 85379 (holotype: US (US 00131078); isotypes: F (V 0046566 F [image!]), US (US 00131079 )).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
B98EFC92F89A591DA1D8E1D9D7C57F94.taxon	description	Description. Plants perennial, caespitose. Tillers extravaginal, with cataphylls. Culms 25 - 85 cm long, decumbent to erect, nodes 2 - 6, glabrous, internodes glabrous. Leaves basal and cauline; sheaths 4 - 15 cm, shorter than the internodes, scaberulous; ligules 2.5 - 6 mm long, longer than wide, dorsally scaberulous, apices acute, often lacerate; blades 4 - 15 (- 25) cm long, 1 - 4 mm wide, lax, flat, scaberulous on both surfaces. Panicles 7 - 18 cm long, 2 - 9 cm wide, open, lax, lanceolate to ovate, sometimes partially included in the upper sheaths; branches ascending to spreading, rebranching about or above mid-length, scaberulous, without spikelets near their base, inferior branches 2 - 7 cm long; pedicels 1.5 - 6 mm long, ascending to spreading, scaberulous. Spikelets 1.7 - 3 mm long, greenish; glumes subequal, lanceolate, apices acute to shortly acuminate, 1 - veined, scaberulous on the keel, lower glume 1.7 - 3 mm long, upper glume 1.5 - 2.8 mm long; callus pubescent, with two bunches of trichomes; lemmas 1.3 - 2.2 mm long, elliptic, apices irregularly toothed, 5 - nerved, veins inconspicuous, awned from near the base, awn 3 - 4 mm long, geniculate; paleas absent or up to 0.4 mm long, veinless, glabrous; anthers 3, 0.7 - 1 mm long. Caryopsis not seen. 2 n = unknown.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
B98EFC92F89A591DA1D8E1D9D7C57F94.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Endemic. Agrostis laxissima is distributed from Southern Mexico to Guatemala (Pohl and Davidse 1994). It has also been reported in Honduras (Soreng and Peterson 2003). This species has been collected from the Mexican state of Chiapas, and the departments of Quezaltenango, Sacatepequez, San Marcos and Solola in Guatemala (Fig. 18 D). Agrostis laxissima grows in temperate forests, with Abies, Pinus, or Quercus, in cloud forests and grasslands, between 2250 - 3200 m a. s. l. (Fig. 9 M).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
B98EFC92F89A591DA1D8E1D9D7C57F94.taxon	materials_examined	Representative specimens examined. Guatemala. Quezaltenango: Municipio San Juan Ostuncalco, barranco Buena Vista, cuesta El Caracol, Sierra Madre Mountains, about 5 km. northwest of San Juan Ostuncalco, [14.90886385 ° N, 91.66847343 ° W], 2800 - 2900 m alt., 11 Dec 1962, O. Williams et al. 22792 (F, US). Municipio San Martin Sacatepequez, cumbre de Tuilacan, SW of San Martin Chile Verde, [14.80612 ° N, 91.66872 ° W], 2400 m alt., 8 Mar 1939, P. C. Standley 67819 (F). Sacatepequez: Municipio Alotenango, Volcan de Acatenango, [14.499453 ° N, 90.87175 ° W], 3200 m alt., 11 Sep 1993, I. Arias and M. Veliz 933265 a (MEXU [*]), 18 Aug 2000, M. Veliz et al. 10263 (MEXU [*, **]). Mexico: Chiapas: Municipio Motozintla, NW slope of cerro Mozotlan, below the microwave tower along the road from Huixtla to El Porvenir and Siltepec, [15.42605394 ° N, 92.34362676 ° W], 3000 m alt., 30 Dec 1972, D. E. Breedlove 31163 (MEXU [*, **]); 27 km al NO de Motozintla, camino a Coadesmech, torre de microondas, [15.43104735 ° N, 92.42724341 ° W], 3030 m alt., 21 Oct 1985, P. Davila et al. 181 (MEXU [*]). See the Suppl. material 2 for additional examined specimens.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
55C6AA58C2D750FD8B19C8A517CFCE9A.taxon	description	Figs 4 J, 5 J, 23	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
55C6AA58C2D750FD8B19C8A517CFCE9A.taxon	materials_examined	Type. America septentrionalis, D. Douglas s. n. (not located).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
55C6AA58C2D750FD8B19C8A517CFCE9A.taxon	description	Description. Plants annual, caespitose. Tillers absent. Culms 4 - 25 cm long, erect, nodes 1 - 3, glabrous, internodes glabrous. Leaves usually mostly cauline; sheaths 1.5 - 8 cm long, longer or shorter than the internodes, glabrous; ligules 1 - 5 mm long, longer than wide, dorsally scaberulous, apices acute to truncate, erose, often lacerate; blades 1 - 8 cm long, 0.5 - 2.5 mm wide, flat, scaberulous on both surfaces. Panicles 1 - 9 cm long, 0.5 - 1.4 cm wide, contracted, dense, spiciform, linear to lanceolate, sometimes interrupted at the base, sometimes partially included in the upper sheaths; branches appressed, rebranching from below mid-length, scaberulous, with spikelets almost to the base, inferior branches 0.6 - 2.5 cm long; pedicels 0.3 - 2.5 mm long, appressed, scaberulous. Spikelets 3 - 4.5 mm long, greenish to stramineous; glumes unequal, lanceolate, apices long acuminate or awned, 1 - veined, scaberulous on the keel, sometimes also on the body, lower glume 3 - 4.5 mm long including the awn, upper glume 2.5 - 4 mm long; callus pubescent, with two bunches of trichomes; lemmas 1.5 - 2 mm long, elliptic, apices 2 (- 4) toothed, 5 - nerved, veins inconspicuous or prominent distally, awned about mid-length, awn 3.5 - 6 mm long, inserted 0.8 - 1 mm above the base, geniculate; paleas absent or up to 0.2 mm long, veinless, glabrous; anthers 3, 0.4 - 0.5 mm long. Caryopsis 1 - 1.5 mm long, elliptic; endosperm soft. 2 n = 56 (Harvey 2007).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
55C6AA58C2D750FD8B19C8A517CFCE9A.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Agrostis microphylla is distributed from British Columbia, Canada, to the northern peninsula of Baja California, Mexico (Harvey 2007). In the study zone, this species has been collected in the Mexican state of Baja California (Fig. 18 E), where it grows in stream edges and vernal pools, between 37 - 315 m a. s. l. (Fig. 9 N). It has also been reported from the state of Baja California Sur, but the database record linked to this report has no images (GBIF 2023 c), and thus we were unable to confirm its identity.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
55C6AA58C2D750FD8B19C8A517CFCE9A.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens examined. Mexico. Baja California: Municipio Ensenada, 5 km SSO of Johnson Ranch, N of Cabo Colonet, [31.05833 ° N, 116.29167 ° W], 37 m alt., 31 May 1980, R. Moran 28447 (SD), 28643 (MEXU [*, **], SD); Guadeloupe [Guadalupe] ranch, [32.0754 ° N, 116.6217 ° W, 315 m alt.], 6 Apr 1886, C. R. Orcutt s. n. (US); arroyo Agua Caliente, [32.11163081 ° N, 116.4650486 ° W], 300 m alt., 25 June 1980, R. Rosinol 10 (MEXU [*, **]).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
9905255EFE665EF18248CB79C264A622.taxon	description	Figs 4 K, 5 K, 24	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
9905255EFE665EF18248CB79C264A622.taxon	materials_examined	Type. America borealis, J. D. Hooker 243 (holotype: LE-TRIN (LE-TRIN- 1634.01); isotype: US [fragm. ex LE-TRIN] (US 00156470 [image!] )).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
9905255EFE665EF18248CB79C264A622.taxon	description	Description. Plants perennial, rhizomatous. Tillers extravaginal, with cataphylls. Rhizomes up to 10 cm long. Culms 10 - 70 cm long, erect or decumbent at the base, nodes 2 - 7, glabrous, sometimes rooting at the lower nodes, internodes glabrous. Leaves mostly cauline; sheaths 2.5 - 13 cm long, longer or shorter than the internodes, glabrous or scaberulous; ligules 1 - 5 mm long, longer than wide, dorsally scaberulous, apices acute, lacerate; blades 2.5 - 14 cm long, 1 - 4 mm wide, flat, involute when drying, scaberulous on both surfaces. Panicles (4 -) 5 - 20 cm long, 0.4 - 3 cm wide, contracted to open, dense to lax, lanceolate to narrow ovate, sometimes spiciform, sometimes partially included in the upper sheaths; branches appressed to ascending, rebranching from about mid-length, scaberulous, without spikelets near their base, inferior branches 1.5 - 3 cm long; pedicels 0.5 - 4 mm long, appressed to ascending, scaberulous. Spikelets 2 - 3.5 (- 4) mm long, greenish to stramineous, sometimes tinged with purple; glumes equal to subequal, lanceolate, apices acute, 1 - veined, scaberulous on the keel, sometimes also on the body, lower gluma 2 - 3.5 (- 4) mm long, upper glume 1.8 - 3.5 (- 4) mm long; callus pubescent, with two bunches of trichomes, sometimes short and inconspicuous; lemmas 1.5 - 2.5 mm long, elliptic, apices entire, acute, or toothed, 5 - nerved, veins prominent throughout or only distally, unawned, sometimes awned subapically to about mid-length, awn 0.5 - 1.5 (- 2.5) mm long, straight; paleas absent or up to 0.2 mm, veinless, glabrous; anthers 3, 0.7 - 1.5 mm long. Caryopsis 1 - 1.5 mm long, elliptic; endosperm solid. 2 n = 42, 56 (Harvey 2007).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
9905255EFE665EF18248CB79C264A622.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Agrostis pallens is distributed from British Columbia, Canada, to Baja California, Mexico, and is also present in Montana and Utah (Harvey 2007). In the study zone, this species has been collected in southern California and the Mexican state of Baja California (Fig. 18 F). It grows in coastal sands, stream edges, temperate forests with Pinus or Quercus, and xeric shrublands, between 40 - 1635 m a. s. l. (Fig. 9 O).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
9905255EFE665EF18248CB79C264A622.taxon	materials_examined	Representative specimens examined. Mexico. Baja California: Municipio Ensenada, S bank of arroyo Jatay, 1.5 km from the mouth, [32.01673537 ° N, 116.8665199 ° W], 40 m alt., 11 Jun 1980, R. Moran 28770 (MEXU [*, **], SD). USA. California: Riverside County, at Idyllwild, in San Jacinto Mountains, [33.746537 ° N, 116.715288 ° W], 1635, m alt. 14 Aug 1971, P. C. Baker 7110 (LOB). San Diego County, Cuyamaca Rancho State Park, 0.4 mile NE of intersection of state highway 79 and Stonewall Mine Road, ca. 100 m NE of Los Caballos equestrian campground and 20 m south of Stonewall Mine Road, in north-treading drainage, 32.9745 ° N, 116.571 ° W, 1440 m alt., 26 Jun 2005, L. Hendrickson 1099 (SD [*, **]). See Suppl. materials 2, 3 for additional examined specimens.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
E79B5134C7A6581E8083E4C690E01C49.taxon	description	Figs 4 L, 5 L, 25	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
E79B5134C7A6581E8083E4C690E01C49.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Based on Cornucopiae perennans Walter.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
E79B5134C7A6581E8083E4C690E01C49.taxon	description	Description. Plants perennial, caespitose, sometimes developing short pseudostolons. Tillers extravaginal, with cataphylls. Culms 0.2 - 0.8 (- 1) m long, decumbent to erect, nodes 3 - 7 (- 10), glabrous, internodes glabrous, sometimes scaberulous. Leaves basal and cauline, the basal ones often drying at anthesis in mature individuals; sheaths 2 - 20 cm long, shorter or longer than the internodes, glabrous or scaberulous; ligules (0.5 -) 1.5 - 5 (- 7) mm long, longer than wide, dorsally scaberulous, rarely glabrous, apices acute to truncate, erose to lacerate, often ciliolate; blades 1 - 20 cm long, 1 - 6 mm wide, usually at least some blades larger than 2 mm wide, linear, usually flat, scaberulous on both surfaces. Panicles (3.5 -) 8 - 30 (- 40) cm long, (1 -) 2 - 20 cm wide, slightly contracted to open, dense to lax, lanceolate to ovate, long-exserted from the upper sheaths or partially included; branches ascending to spreading, rebranching slightly above mid-length, scaberulous, without spikelets near their base, inferior branches 4 - 12 cm long; pedicels 1 - 10 mm long, ascending to spreading, scaberulous. Spikelets (1.5 -) 1.8 - 3.2 mm long, greenish to purplish; glumes subequal to unequal, lanceolate, apices acute to shortly acuminate, 1 - veined, scaberulous on the keel, lower glume (1.5 -) 1.8 - 3.2 mm long, upper glume 1.5 - 3.2 mm long; callus pubescent, with 2 bunches of trichomes; lemmas 1.3 - 2.2 mm long, elliptic, apices acute, entire to irregularly toothed, 5 - nerved, veins inconspicuous to prominent, unawned, rarely awned from above mid-length, awn up to 1.5 (- 2) mm long, inserted above mid-length, straight or weakly geniculate; paleas absent or up to 0.2 (- 0.5) mm long, veinless, glabrous; anthers 3, 0.4 - 1 mm long. Caryopsis 1 - 1.9 mm long, elliptic: endosperm liquid to soft. 2 n = 42 (Harvey 2007).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
E79B5134C7A6581E8083E4C690E01C49.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Agrostis perennans sensu lato is distributed from Alaska to Patagonia, in Argentina and Chile, and also in the West Indies (Sylvester et al. 2020 a). In the study zone, this species has been collected in Mexico City and the Mexican states of Chiapas, Chihuahua, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacan, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, and Zacatecas; in the Guatemalan departments of Alta Verapaz, Baja Verapaz, Huehuetenango, Quetzaltenango, Quiche and San Marcos; in the Honduran state of Ocotepeque (Fig. 26 A). It has also been reported from the Mexican states of Coahuila and San Luis Potosi (Davila et al. 2018; Sanchez-Ken 2019), but no specimen from these states have been found. Records from the southern USA, in California, Arizona, New Mexico and Texas, appear to be misidentified specimens of A. scabra (Harvey 2007). This species grows in open areas of temperate forests, with conifers and Quercus, in cloud forests, stream edges, roadsides, and often in marshy places, between 622 - 3847 m a. s. l. (Fig. 27 A).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
E79B5134C7A6581E8083E4C690E01C49.taxon	materials_examined	Representative specimens examined. Mexico. Guatemala. Alta Verapaz: Municipio Coban, Chicu'sha, 8 km al SO de Coban, [15.43333333 ° N, 90.45 ° W], 1400 m alt., 22 Jul 1988, P. Tenorio 14646 (CIIDIR, MEXU [*]). Baja Verapaz: Municipio Salama, 6 km al SO de Chilasco, [15.13333333 ° N, 90.11666667 ° W], 1700 m alt., 24 Jul 1988, P. Tenorio 14842 (CIIDIR, MEXU [*], US). Honduras. Ocotepeque: Municipio Belen de Gualcho, cordillera de Celaque, Cruz Alta, 3 mi N of Belen Gualcho long road to Cucuyagua [14.50722222 ° N, 88.785 ° W], 1890 m alt., 23 Jun 1994, G. Davidse et al. 35319 (MEXU). Mexico. Chiapas: Municipio Amatenango del Valle, NE slope of Zontehuitz near summit, [16.49659 ° N, 92.45225 ° W], 2130 m alt., Jan 1965, D. E. Breedlove and P. H. Raven 8119 (US). Municipio Union Juarez, Volcan Tacana, 500 m al E de Talquian, [15.09306218 ° N, 92.08369755 ° W], 1700 m alt., 26 Apr 1987, E. Martinez and A. Reyes 20291 (MEXU [*]). Chihuahua: Municipio Casas Grandes, near Colonia Garcia in the Sierra Madres, [29.97622543 ° N, 108.3352935 ° W], 2286 m alt., 22 Aug 1899, C. H. T. Townsend and C. M. Barber 276 (US). Durango: Municipio Durango, 5 mi W of Llano Grande along Durango-Mazatlan highway, [23.86 ° N, 105.25 ° W], 2500 m alt., 9 Sep 1967, J. R. Reeder and C. G. Reeder 4908 (MEXU, US). Guanajuato: Municipio San Felipe, club campestre El Vergel de la Sierra, [21.38504722 ° N, 101.6354389 ° W], 2627 m alt., 14 Jul 1997, J. Macias 898 a (MEXU). Guerrero: Municipio General Heliodoro Castillo, cerro Teotepec, [17.46666667 ° N, 100.2166667 ° W], 3350 m alt., 5 Dec 1963, J. Rzedowski 18168 (ENCB). Hidalgo: Municipio Omitlan de Juarez, Santa Elena, km 15 de la carretera federal 105 Pachuca-Huejutla, [20.15722222 ° N, 98.65833333 ° W], 2640 m alt., 14 Jul 1994, J. P. Perez 141 (MEXU [*]). Municipio Tepeapulco, cerro Santa Ana, [19.764 ° N, 98.5293 ° W], 2850 m alt., 8 Sep 1976, A. Ventura 2082 (FCME [**], MEXU, UAMIZ, XAL). Jalisco: Municipio San Gabriel, NW slopes of Nevado de Colima, above Jazmin, barranca near upper end of water-line 2 - 3 km above settlement of El Isote, [19.65 ° N, 103.7 ° W], 2600 - 2800 m alt., 26 Mar 1949, R. McVaugh 10048 (MEXU, US). Mexico: Municipio Amecameca, km 18 de la carretera Amecameca-Tlamacas, [19.0917039 ° N, 98.67702965 ° W], 3400 m alt., 14 Jan 1982, R. Sanchez 81 (CIIDIR, IEB, MEXU). Municipio Ocuilan, carretera Santa Martha-Zempoala, km 2 - 14, [19.05 ° N, 99.33333333 ° W], 2900 m alt., 1 Aug 1987, J. Castaneda 280 (MEXU [*]). Mexico City: Alcaldia Magdalena Contreras, Eslava, [19.291667 ° N, 99.246389 ° W, 2530 m alt.], 19 Sep 1938, E. Lyonnet 2532 (CHAPA, MEXU, US). Los Dinamos, 2800 m alt., 27 Aug 1979, A. Ventura 3506 (FCME [*], MEXU, UAMIZ, XAL). Alcaldia Tlalpan, top of cerro Ajusco, [19.2069 ° N, 99.2597 ° W], 3937 m alt., 12 Jul 1959, J. H. Beaman 2794 (US). Michoacan: Municipio Erongaricuaro, 1 km al SE de Zinciro, sobre el camino a Eronguaricaro, [19.66463889 ° N, 101.7333194 ° W], 2400 m alt., 2 Nov 1989, J. Rzedowski 49202 (CHAPA, CIIDIR, MEXU). Municipio Salvador Escalante: alrededores de San Gregorio, [19.39238889 ° N, 101.5304389 ° W], 2650 m alt., 14 Sep 1988, E. Perez-Calix 205 (CHAPA, CIIDIR, IBUG, IEB, MEXU [*, **], TEX). Morelos: Municipio Tlalnepantla, 2 km al S de CICITEC, Tlalnepantla, [19.06036734 ° N, 98.96226062 ° W], 2750 m alt., 26 Mar 1981, G. Ayala 19 (MEXU [*]); carretera Milpa Alta-Oaxtepec, camino viejo al CICITEC, [19.064835 ° N, 98.927786 ° W], 2770 m alt., 21 Oct 1993, A. Miranda et al. 881 (MEXU); Oaxaca: Municipio San Juan Yaee, Santa Maria Lachichina, [17.43962564 ° N, 96.285451 ° W], 2700 m alt., 15 Apr. 2003, A. Flores s. n. (CHAPA, MEXU [*]). Municipio San Miguel Suchixtepec, campamento Rio de Molino, 4 km al SO de San Miguel Suchixtepec, [16.07677493 ° N, 96.47030551 ° W], 2250 m alt., 21 Sep 1965, J. Rzedowski 21046 (CHAPA, IBUG, MEXU). Puebla: Municipio Hueytamalco, El Popual, [20.027434 ° N, 97.274122 ° W], 1450 m alt., 3 Jun 1970, F. Ventura 1211 (IBUG, MEXU). Municipio Tlatlauquitepec, Xucayucan, [19.89833333 ° N, 97.47833333 ° W], 1600 m alt., 5 Oct 1998, J. L. Contreras 5886 (MEXU [*, **]). Queretaro: Municipio Colon, parte mas alta del cerro Zamorano, [20.93305556 ° N, 100.1797222 ° W], 3200 - 3270 m alt., 13 Nov 1971, J. Rzedowski and R. McVaugh 459 (US). Tlaxcala: Municipio Huamantla, ladera N del cerro de La Malinche, [19.23705301 ° N, 98.01935192 ° W], 3800 m alt., 12 Oct 1986, L. Aragon et al. 46 (MEXU). Veracruz: Municipio Jilotepec, El Rincon, 19.60694444 ° N, 96.94444444 ° W, 1100 m alt., 19 Jun 1993, M. J. Lizama 26 (CHAPA, CIB, MEXU [*], XAL); comunidad Jilotepec, camino La Cuesta-Zacatal, 19.61527778 ° N, 96.95138889 ° W, 1500 m alt., 12 Oct 1993, M. J. Lizama 81 (CHAPA, CIB, MEXU [*, **], XAL); comunidad El Pueblito, camino a La Concepcion, 19.59722222 ° N, 96.925 ° W, 622 m alt., 17 Jan 1996, M. J. Lizama 622 (CIB). Zacatecas, Municipio Monte Escobedo, limite entre los estados de Zacatecas y Jalisco, por la terraceria a Mezquitic, [22.31821648 ° N, 103.5748305 ° W], 2190 m alt., 21 Sep 1989, J. Balleza 2266 b (CHAPA). See Suppl. materials 2, 3 for additional examined specimens.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
474A8E34CD405409A26F232066089089.taxon	description	Figs 4 M, 29, 30 A	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
474A8E34CD405409A26F232066089089.taxon	materials_examined	Type. America borealis, Anonymous s. n. (lectotype, designated by Vigosa-Mercado (2022 a: 3): B-W (BW 01732020 [image!]); isolectotype: B-W (BW 01732010 [image!] )).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
474A8E34CD405409A26F232066089089.taxon	description	Description. Plants perennial, caespitose. Tillers extravaginal, with cataphylls. Culms 15 - 90 cm long, erect, nodes usually 1 - 2 (- 3), sometimes more, glabrous, internodes glabrous. Leaves mostly basal, sometimes cauline leaves well developed; sheaths 1.5 - 13 cm long, the lower ones usually longer than the internodes, the upper ones shorter, glabrous or scaberulous; ligules 0.5 - 5 mm long, usually longer than wide, dorsally scaberulous, apices rounded to truncate, sometimes acute, erose to lacerate; blades 3 - 14 cm long, (0.3 -) 0.5 - 2 (- 3) mm wide, the lower ones usually filiform and involute, the upper ones linear and flat, scaberulous on both surfaces. Panicles (4 -) 8 - 30 cm long, (2.2 -) 4 - 20 (- 26) cm wide, open, lax, ovate, lax, usually long-exserted from the upper sheaths; branches spreading, sometimes ascending, rebranching in the upper third, scaberulous, without spikelets near their base, spikelets usually clustered at the tips, inferior branches 1.5 - 13 cm long; pedicels (0.5 -) 1 - 7 (- 10) mm long, appressed, scaberulous. Spikelets 2 - 3 (- 3.4) mm long, greenish to purplish; glumes subequal to unequal, lanceolate, apices shortly acuminate, 1 - veined, scaberulous on the keel, lower glume 1.8 - 2.8 (- 3.2) mm long, upper glume 2 - 3 (- 3.2) mm long; callus pubescent, with 2 bunches of trichomes; lemmas 1.3 - 2 mm long, elliptic, apices entire, obtuse, sometimes toothed, 5 - nerved, veins prominent distally, unawned, rarely awned from above mid-length, awn up to 2 mm long, inserted 0.8 - 1.5 mm above the base, straight; paleas absent or up to 0.2 mm long, veinless, glabrous; anthers 3, 0.5 - 1.4 mm long. Caryopsis 0.8 - 1.5 mm long, elliptic; endosperm liquid to soft. 2 n = 42 (Harvey 2007).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
474A8E34CD405409A26F232066089089.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Agrostis scabra is native from Alaska to Guatemala. It has been introduced in Argentina and Chile (Rugolo and Molina 1997), Venezuela, the West Indies and Europe (Dorr 2014). In the study zone, this species has been collected in the USA states of Arizona, California, New Mexico and Texas; in the Mexican states of Baja California, Baja California Sur, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacan, Morelos, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Veracruz and Zacatecas; in the Guatemalan state of Huehuetenango (Fig. 26 B). It has also been reported from Mexico City, and the Mexican states of Aguascalientes, Hidalgo, and Tlaxcala (Davila et al. 2018; Sanchez-Ken 2019), but no specimens from these states were found. Agrostis scabra grows in open areas of temperate forests, with conifers and Quercus, also in cloud forests, alpine grasslands, stream edges and shrublands, between 630 - 3500 m a. s. l. (Fig. 27 B).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
474A8E34CD405409A26F232066089089.taxon	materials_examined	Representative specimens examined. Guatemala. Huehuetenango: Municipio Chiantla, Chancol, 15.4999 ° N, 91.34986 ° W, 3300 m alt., 28 Aug 2000, M. Veliz et al. 10046 (MEXU [*]). La Capellania, 15.42111111 ° N, 91.44027778 ° W, 3150 m alt., 20 Jul 2004, M. Veliz 15309 (MEXU [*]). Mexico. Baja California: Municipio Ensenada, Sierra San Pedro Martir, moist stream banks, La Vibora, arroyo La Grulla, 4 km SW of La Grulla, [30.86667 ° N, 115.50833 ° W], 1900 m alt., 9 Aug 1977, R. Moran 24402 (MEXU [*], SD). Baja California Sur: Municipio La Paz, arroyo Encinos Blancos, Sierra la Laguna, [23.38333333 ° N, 109.9833333 ° W], 1870 m alt., 13 Aug 1987, J. L. Leon de la Luz 2722 (MEXU). Chiapas: Municipio Jitotol, 5 km SE of Jitotol, along road to Bochil, [17.03092769 ° N, 92.8499077 ° W], 1600 m alt., 24 Feb 1982, D. E. Breedlove 58514 (MEXU, TEX). Municipio Venustiano Carranza, ejido Laja Tendida, km 17 carretera Venustiano Carranza-Tuxtla Gutierrez, 2 km a Flores Magon, [16.342325 ° N, 92.669313 ° W], 630 m alt., 5 Sep 1997, A. Miranda 1275 (MEXU [*]). Chihuahua: Municipio Ocampo, Parque Nacional de la Cascada de Basaseachic, [28.16666667 ° N, 108.2083333 ° W], 1600 m alt., 25 Apr 1987, R. Spellenberg et al. 8428 (MEXU [*, **]); Municipio Temosachic, Nabogame, [28.49543744 ° N, 108.4808032 ° W], 1800 m alt., 25 Mar 1988, J. E. Laferriere 1419 (MEXU, TEX). Coahuila: Municipio Arteaga, El Morro, Sierra de Arteaga, limites con Nuevo Leon, [25.21307327 ° N, 100.2847136 ° W], 2900 m alt., 25 Sep 1991, J. A. Villareal and M. A. Carranza 6300 (CIIDIR, MEXU, XAL). Durango: Municipio Pueblo Nuevo, ejido El Brillante, lago de Puentecillas, 23.6725 ° N, 105.4563889 ° W, 2744 m alt., 28 Oct 2011, S. Heynes et al. 264 (CIIDIR, MEXU [*, **], UAMIZ). Municipio Santiago Papasquiaro, Bajio de Vacas (Hacienditas), [25.040833 ° N, 105.407778 ° W], 2659 m alt., 5 Oct 1990, A. Benitez 2633 (CHAPA, CIIDIR, MEXU [*], UAMIZ). Guanajuato: Municipio Guanajuato, Bufas de Guanajuato, [21.02596283 ° N, 101.2580131 ° W], 2140 m alt., 12 May 1981, R. Santillan and A. Mora, 28 - R (MEXU). Jalisco: Municipio Ojuelos, Canon de Bacieros, 14 km SO de Ojuelos, [21.81239946 ° N, 101.6801703 ° W], 2350 m alt., 4 Jun 1983, M. Alcocer s. n. (CHAPA, MEXU [*]). Mexico: Municipio Temascaltepec, 11 km sobre la desviacion a Tequesquipan, carretera Toluca-Temascaltepec, [19.06454704 ° N, 99.94451928 ° W], 2350 m alt., 15 Feb 1983, E. Manrique 161 (MEXU). Michoacan: Municipio Patzcuaro, La Laguna, cerca de San Gregorio, [19.41886944 ° N, 101.4982472 ° W], 2700 m alt., 26 Oct 1985, J. S. Martinez 1013 (IEB). Morelos: Municipio Huitzilac, shore of Laguna Zempoala, 20 km NW of Cuernavaca, [19.04991306 ° N, 99.31567672 ° W], 2800 m alt., 8 Dec 1950, N. C. Fassett 28453 (F, US). Nuevo Leon: Municipio Galeana, cima del cerro Potosi, [24.87220276 ° N, 100.232885 ° W], 3500 m alt., 16 Aug 1989, A. Garcia and S. Gonzalez 196 (CIIDIR, IBUG, IEB, MEXU, UAMIZ). Oaxaca: Municipio San Miguel El Grande, 36 km de Tlaxiaco rumbo a Chalcatongo, [17.08138782 ° N, 97.61677573 ° W], 2559 m alt., 25 Jun 1980, A. A. Beetle M- 4760 (CHAPA, IBUG, MEXU). Puebla: Municipio Huachinango, near Huachinango, [20.11 ° N, 98.03 ° W], 1890 m alt., 12 Apr 1962, A. A. Beetle M- 567 (UTC). Queretaro: Municipio Pinal de Amoles: Puerto de los Velazquez, [21.12092778 ° N, 99.67360833 ° W], 2650 m alt., 17 Sep 1993, V. Jaramillo et al. 813 (IEB, MEXU). San Luis Potosi: Municipio Villa de Arriaga, near the village of San Francisco in the Sierra de San Miguelito ca 25 km SW of San Luis Potosi., [22 N, 101.14 W], 2200 - 2400 m alt., 5 Sep 1954, E. R. Sohns 1070 (US). Sinaloa: Municipio Concordia, El Palmito, en el parteaguas, 8 km al O del poblado, [23.55579174 ° N, 105.8468406 ° W], 2350 m alt., 18 Nov 1984, R. Vega 1385 (MEXU). Sonora: Municipio Yecora, arroyo El Otro Lado, 3.9 Km E of Yecora on Mex 16, 28.375 ° N, 108.898333 ° W, 1560 m alt., 25 May 1998, T. R. Van Devender et al. 98 - 640 (ASU, MEXU, NY, TEX). Veracruz: Municipio Las Vigas de Ramirez, Toxtlacoaya, 19.63333333 ° N, 97.06111111 ° W, 2320 m alt., 15 Sep 91, H. Sandoval 97 (CHAPA, CIB, MEXU [*]). Zacatecas: Municipio Jerez, Sierra Los Cardos, 10.5 mi NW of Jerez, W of El Cargadero, on road towards Monte de los Garcia, 22.7099 ° N, 103.131 ° W, 2570 m alt., 19 Oct 2007, P. M. Peterson et al. 21406 (CAN, US). USA. Arizona: Cochise County, Coronado National Forest, ca. 6.6 miles E on Pinery Canyon road from fork to Chiricahua National Monument, [32.00439 ° N, 109.243154 ° W], 1676 m alt., 12 Jun 1987, L. R. Landrum and S. S. Landrum 5500 (ASC, ASU). Pima County, Rose Canyon Lake, E end, ca. 3 km S of Mount Bigelow, [32.3833 ° N, 110.708 ° W], 2113, 17 Sep 1992, M. A. Baker 10209 (ASU [*]). California: San Diego County, SW of Combs Peak, canyon off of Chihuahua-Lost Valley Road just NW of Sky Oaks Field Station, on Bureau of Land Management lands, 33.38207 ° N, 116.62718 ° W, 1405 m alt., 15 Aug 2010, J. P. Rebman 20319 (SD [*]). New Mexico: Hidalgo County, Peloncillo Mountains, Cloverdale Creek, just inside National Forest boundary, 31.40937429 ° N, 108.9147098 ° W, 1585 m alt., 1 May 1991, K. W. Allred 5232 (IBUG). Texas: Jeff Davis County, Madera Canyon, roadside park in canyon along highway 118, 30.7 ° N, 104.1 ° W, 1768 m alt., 29 Jun 1979, R. D. Worthington 4691 (COLO, UTEP). See Suppl. materials 2, 3 for additional examined specimens.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
F04ABA301B335C1C8962D6E1EEDF7117.taxon	description	Figs 4 N, 30 B, 33	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
F04ABA301B335C1C8962D6E1EEDF7117.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Herb. A. van Royen s. n. (lectotype, designated by Widen (1971: 77): L (L 0059234 [image!] )).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
F04ABA301B335C1C8962D6E1EEDF7117.taxon	description	Description. Plants perennial, stoloniferous. Tillers extravaginal, with cataphylls. Stolons up to 1 (- 2) m long. Culms (8 -) 15 - 60 cm long, erect, decumbent at the base, nodes (2 -) 3 - 7, glabrous, lower nodes rooting, internodes glabrous. Leaves mostly cauline; sheaths 2.5 - 8 cm long, usually shorter than the internodes, glabrous or scaberulous; ligules 1 - 7 mm long, longer than wide, dorsally scaberulous, apices rounded to truncate, erose to lacerate; blades (1 -) 2 - 10 cm long, (1 -) 2 - 6 mm wide, linear, flat, becoming convolute when dry scaberulous on both surfaces. Panicles (3 -) 4 - 20 cm long, 0.5 - 3 cm wide, open at anthesis, becoming contracted, dense, lanceolate, sometimes spiciform; branches appressed to ascending, branching from below mid-length, scaberulous, inferior branches 2 - 6 cm long, lateral branches often with spikelets near their base; pedicels 0.5 - 3.3 mm long, appressed to ascending, scaberulous. Spikelets 1.6 - 2 (- 3) mm long, greenish, often tinged with purple; glumes subequal to unequal, lanceolate, apices acute to shortly acuminate, 1 - veined, scaberulous on the keel, lower glume 1.6 - 2 (- 3) mm long, upper glume 1.4 - 2 (1.6 - 2 (- 3) mm long; callus puberulous, with 2 bunches of short trichomes, sometimes inconspicuous; lemmas 1.4 - 2 mm long, elliptic to oblong, apices entire, acute to obtuse, sometimes toothed, 3 (5) - veined, veins inconspicuous or prominent distally, unawned, rarely awned from above mid-length, awn up to 1.5 mm long, inserted 0.8 - 1.5 mm above the base, straight or weakly geniculate; paleas present, 0.7 - 1.4 mm long, 2 - veined, glabrous; anthers 3, 0.9 - 1.5 mm long. Caryopsis 0.9 - 1.3, elliptic; endosperm solid. 2 n = 28, 35, 42 (Harvey 2007).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
F04ABA301B335C1C8962D6E1EEDF7117.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Introduced. Agrostis stolonifera is native to Eurasia and northern North America (Harvey 2007). In the study zone, this taxon has been collected from the Mexican states of Baja California and Veracruz (Fig. 26 C). Agrostis has also been reported from the southern United States and Mexico City, also from the states of Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacan, Nuevo Leon, Puebla, and Tlaxcala (Davila et al. 2018; Sanchez-Ken 2019), but no specimens from these states have been seen. This taxon has been collected on stream edges and open areas of pine forests, between 1800 - 2100 m a. s. l. (Fig. 27 C). There are more records of this species in the study zone, on databases (GBIF 2023 d), but not all of them have images, and thus we were unable to confirm their identity.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
F04ABA301B335C1C8962D6E1EEDF7117.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens examined. Mexico. Baja California: Municipio Ensenada, Sierra San Pedro Martir, La Grulla, [30.88916 ° N, 115.46223 ° W], 2100 m alt., 21 Aug 1967, R. Moran and R. F. Thorne 14466 (SD). Veracruz: Municipio Tatatila, camino Las Vigas-Tatatila, 1 km antes de La Mancuerna, 19.675 ° N, 97.125 ° W, 1800 m alt., 7 Jun 1996, H. R. Sandoval and B. V. Hernandez 370 (CIB), 380 (CIB, MEXU [*, **], XAL).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
E90CA428F83D57D4BCED354355691E63.taxon	description	Figs 4 O, 30 C, 34	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
E90CA428F83D57D4BCED354355691E63.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Costa Rica. Cerro de la Muerte, 3100 m alt., Jan 1897, H. Pittier 10470 (holotype: US (US 00131113); isotype: G (G 00192032 [image!] )).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
E90CA428F83D57D4BCED354355691E63.taxon	description	Description. Plants perennial, caespitose. Tillers extravaginal, with cataphylls. Culms up to 30 cm long, erect, decumbent at the base, nodes 1 - 2, glabrous, internodes glabrous. Leaves mostly basal; sheaths 1 - 6 cm long, longer or shorter than the internodes, glabrous or scaberulous; ligules 2 - 3 (5) mm long, longer than wide, dorsally scaberulous, apices acute, often lacerate; blades 2.2 - 10 (15) cm long, 0.4 - 0.8 mm wide, filiform, conduplicate to convolute, sometimes flat at the base, scaberulous on both surfaces. Panicles 5 - 11.5 cm long, 0.5 - 4 cm wide, contracted to open, somewhat lax, linear to lanceolate, exserted from the upper sheaths; branches appressed to ascending, rebranching about mid-length or below, scaberulous, without spikelets near their base, inferior branches up to 2.8 cm long cm long; pedicels 2 - 7 mm long, usually longer than the spikelets, appressed to ascending, scaberulous. Spikelets 2.1 - 3 mm long, purplish; glumes subequal to unequal, lanceolate, apices acute to shortly acuminate, 1 - veined, scaberulous on the keel, lower glume 2.1 - 3 mm long, upper glume 1.9 - 2.8 mm long; callus pubescent, with 2 bunches of trichomes; lemmas 1.3 - 2.2 mm long, elliptic, apices toothed, 5 - veined, veins prominent distally, awned near the base, awn 3 - 3.5 mm long, weakly geniculate, reaching the lemma apices; paleas absent; anthers 3, 0.9 - 1.5 mm long. Caryopsis 0.8 - 1.5 mm long, elliptic; endosperm solid. 2 n = 28 (Pohl and Davidse 1971).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
E90CA428F83D57D4BCED354355691E63.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Agrostis subpatens is distributed from Chiapas, Mexico to Costa Rica (Pohl and Davidse 1994). It has also been reported from Venezuela (Luteyn 1999). In the study zone, it has been collected in the Mexican state of Chiapas and in the Guatemalan departments of Chimaltenango and Huehuetenango (Fig. 26 D). This species has also been reported from Mexico City and the Mexican states of Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacan, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Tlaxcala and Veracruz (Villasenor 2016; Davila et al. 2018; Sanchez-Ken 2019; Vigosa-Mercado and Ruiz-Sanchez, 2020), but these records correspond to misidentified specimens of A. tolucensis and A. turrialbae. Agrostis subpatens grows in open areas of temperate forests with Pinus and Juniperus, and in alpine grasslands, between 2900 - 3790 m a. s. l. (Fig. 27 D).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
E90CA428F83D57D4BCED354355691E63.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens examined. Guatemala. Chimaltenango: Municipio Acatenango, slopes of Volcan de Acatenango, above Las Calderas, [14.52463248 ° N, 90.87729338 ° W], 2900 m alt., 3 Jun 1939, P. C. Standley 61878 (F). Huehuetenango: Municipio Chiantla, Llano de Tsajuala, 3170 m alt., 26 Aug 1976, D. N. Smith 383 (F); cerca del cementerio, aldea San Nicolas, [15.43172006 ° N, 91.43878244 ° W], 3090 m alt., 3 Sep 1976, D. N. Smith 430 (F). Municipio Todos Santos Cuchumatan, Cerro Alto entre Llano de San Miguel y Todos Santos Cuchumatan, [15.54382199 ° N, 91.57855143 ° W], 3790 m alt., 29 Aug 1976, D. N. Smith 411 (F); near Tojquia, summit of Sierra de los Cuchumatanes, [15.54360741 ° N, 91.56627528 ° W], 3700 m alt., 7 Aug 1942, J. A. Steyermark 50230 (F, US). Mexico. Chiapas: Municipio Siltepec, on the N and W slope of cerro Mozotal below the microwave tower along the road from Huixtla to El Porvenir and Siltepec, [15.4275 ° N, 92.341944 ° W], 3000 m alt., 19 Sep 1976, D. E. Breedlove 40355 (DS, MEXU [*, **]).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
948A2A637B9E5E8E800D50278004588E.taxon	description	Figs 4 P, 30 D, 35	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
948A2A637B9E5E8E800D50278004588E.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Based on Agrostis hyemalis (Walter) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. var. Agrostis hyemalis subrepens Hitchc.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
948A2A637B9E5E8E800D50278004588E.taxon	description	Description. Plants perennial, rhizomatous or developing pseudostolons. Tillers extravaginal, with cataphylls. Rhizomes and pseudostolons up to 5 cm long. Culms 0.6 - 1 m long, erect, decumbent at the base, nodes 2 - 4, glabrous, internodes glabrous. Leaves mostly cauline; sheaths 3.5 - 7 cm long, usually shorter than the internodes, glabrous; ligules 1 - 2 mm long, longer than wide, dorsally scaberulous, apices truncate, erose; blades 3 - 5 cm long, 1 - 1.5 mm wide, linear, flat or involute, scaberulous on both surfaces. Panicles 9 - 22 cm long, 5 - 10 cm wide, open, lax, pyramidal, long-exserted from the upper sheaths; branches spreading, rebranching about mid-length, scaberulous, without spikelets near their base, inferior branches 2 - 8 cm long; pedicels 1 - 3 mm long, ascending to spreading, scaberulous. Spikelets 1.8 - 2.8 mm long, purplish; glumes subequal, lanceolate, apices acute, 1 - veined, scaberulous on the keel, lower glume 1.8 - 2.8 mm long, upper glume 1.7 - 2.7 mm long; callus glabrous or with a few trichomes, Inconspicuous; lemmas 1.3 - 2 mm long, elliptic, apices entire, acute, 5 - veined, veins prominent, unawned; paleas absent; anthers 3, 1 - 1.3 mm long. Caryopsis ca. 1.2 mm long, elliptic; endosperm solid. 2 n = unknown.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
948A2A637B9E5E8E800D50278004588E.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Agrostis subrepens was described from the Sierra Madre Occidental, in Chihuahua, Mexico (Fig. 26 E). It has also been reported from South America, in Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia, Paraguay, Peru and Venezuela (Soreng and Peterson 2003; Idarraga-Piedrahita et al. 2011), but the specimens from these countries were not seen, and could represent misidentifications of other species. In the study zone, A. subrepens grows in wet areas, in forests with Pinus and Quercus, between 2000 - 2168 m in elevation (Fig. 27 E).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
948A2A637B9E5E8E800D50278004588E.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens examined. Mexico. Chihuahua: Municipio Casas Grandes, Sierra Madre Occidental, W of Casas Grandes, just S of Hernandez [30.04186415 ° N, 108.2901759 ° W], 2000 m alt., 18 Sep 1960, J. Reeder et al. 3535 (MEXU [*, **], US). Municipio Madera, Chuhuichupa, [29.60543842 ° N, 108.3736947 ° W, 2168 m alt.], Aug-Sep 1936, H. LeSueur 87 (US), 198 (US), near Colonia Garcia, in the Sierra Madre, [29.9833 ° N, 108.333 ° W, 2149 m alt.], 1 Aug 1899, E. W. Nelson 6195 (US).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
435EF88460DE538794D0DDE29B78E1F4.taxon	description	Figs 4 Q, 30 E, 36	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
435EF88460DE538794D0DDE29B78E1F4.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Mexico. State of Mexico: crescit in apricis, aridis regni Mexicani, prope urbem Toluca et Islahuaca [Ixtlahuaca], 1380 hexap. alt., A. Humboldt and A. Bonpland s. n. (holotype: P (P 00669394 [image!]); isotypes: P (P 00136913 [image!]), P 00136914 [image!], P 00136915 [image!], P 00740426! [image!]), US [fragm. ex P] (US 00156505 [image!]).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
435EF88460DE538794D0DDE29B78E1F4.taxon	description	Description. Plants perennial, caespitose, or shortly rhizomatous. Tillers extravaginal and intravaginal, with cataphylls. Rhizomes if present, up to 1 cm, ascendent. Culms 5 - 30 (- 60) cm long, erect, nodes 1 - 3, glabrous, internodes glabrous. Leaves mostly basal or basal and cauline; sheaths 1 - 10 cm long, the lower ones longer than the internodes, the upper ones shorter, glabrous or scaberulous; ligules 2 - 5 (- 6) mm long, longer than wide, dorsally scaberulous, apices acute to truncate, erose or lacerate; blades 3 - 10 (- 19) cm long, 0.5 - 3 (- 4) mm wide, filiform to linear, conduplicate to involute, sometimes flat, scaberulous on both surfaces. Panicles (3 -) 5 - 12 cm long, (0.3 -) 0.5 - 1 cm wide, contracted, dense, spiciform, linear to lanceolate, often interrupted at the base, often partially included in the upper foliage sheats; branches appressed, rebranching below mid-length, scaberulous, with spikelets near their base, inferior branches up to 3 cm long; pedicels 0.5 - 3 mm long, appressed, scaberulous. Spikelets 2 - 3 (- 3.6) mm long, greenish to purplish; glumes subequal to unequal, lanceolate, apices acute to shortly acuminate, 1 - veined, scaberulous on the keel, lower glume 2 - 3 (- 3.6) mm long, upper glume 1.8 - 2.8 (- 3.4) mm long; callus pubescent, with 2 bunches of trichomes; lemmas 1.2 - 2 mm long, elliptic, apices toothed, 5 - veined, veins prominent, awned near the base, sometimes above mid-length, rarely awnless, awn 1.5 - 3.5 mm long, geniculate, reaching the lemma apices; paleas absent or up to 0.2 mm long; anthers 3, 0.5 - 1 mm long. Caryopsis 0.7 - 1.5 mm long, elliptic; endosperm soft to solid. 2 n = 28 (Pohl and Davidse 1971). Leaf anatom y. Leaf blades involute to v-shaped in transversal section; adaxial furrows deep, narrow; adaxial ribs rounded to triangular; keel absent; first order bundles circular in outline, sheath not interrupted, abaxial and adaxial sclerenchyma in strands; second order bundles circular in outline, sheath not interrupted, abaxial and adaxial sclerenchyma; intercostal sclerenchyma present, abaxial; leaf margins with well-developed sclerenchyma caps, rounded; colorless cells absent (Fig. 37 A, B). Lemmas with transversal thickenings irregular to oblong, wider than the unthickened portion of the wall; prickle hairs abundant (32 E).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
435EF88460DE538794D0DDE29B78E1F4.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Agrostis tolucensis is distributed from northern Mexico to Chile. In the study zone, it has been collected in Mexico City, and the Mexican states of Chiapas, Durango, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacan, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla, Tlaxcala, and Veracruz; in the Guatemalan departments of Sacatepequez and San Marcos (Fig. 26 F). It has also been reported from the Mexican states of Colima, Guanajuato, and San Luis Potosi (Villasenor 2016; Sanchez-Ken 2019), but no specimens from these states were found. Agrostis tolucensis grows in open areas of temperate forests with Abies, Pinus, and Quercus, and alpine grasslands, between 1330 - 4520 m a. s. l. (Fig. 27 F).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
435EF88460DE538794D0DDE29B78E1F4.taxon	materials_examined	Representative specimens examined. Guatemala. San Marcos: Municipio Sibinal, Volcan Tacana, 500 m al E de Talquian, 15.13055556 ° N, 92.10694444 ° W, 4028 m alt., 24 May 2000, N. Gallardo et al. 8851 (MEXU). Mexico. Chiapas: Municipio Union Juarez, SE side of the summit of Volcan Tacana, [15.09306218 ° N, 92.08369755 ° W], 3600 m alt., 10 Nov 1972, D. E. Breedlove 29340 (MEXU [*], MO); crater del Volcan Tacana, [15.09306218 ° N, 92.08369755 ° W], 4000 m alt., 9 Oct 1987, E. Martinez 20869 (MEXU [*]). Durango: Municipio San Dimas, 3 mi S of Guachichiles, upper slopes of cerro Huehento, 24.0786 ° N, 105.743 ° W, 3078 - 3249 m alt., 30 Sep 2008, P. M. Peterson and J. M. Saarela 22445 (CAN, US). Guerrero: Municipio General Heliodoro Castillo, cerro Teotepec, [17.46666667 ° N, 100.2166667 ° W], 3200 m alt., 17 Oct 1999, E. Dominguez 1200 (FCME [*]), 5 Dec 1993, M. Gonzalez and C. Catalan 564 (CHAPA, MEXU). Hidalgo: without municipality, pasando desviacion a Pachuca, autopista a Mexico, 19 Jul 1976, J. J. Soto s. n. (IBUG). Jalisco: Municipio Ciudad Guzman, 2 km antes de llegar a La Casita, camino El Refugio-Nevado de Colima, 2860 m alt., 3 Feb 1994, J. Reynoso 1735 (CIIDIR, IBUG). Municipio San Gabriel, N slopes of Nevado de Colima, [19.60110761 ° N, 103.5808018 ° W, 3000 m alt.], 19 Sep 1980, A. A. Beetle and R. Guzman M- 5380 (IBUG, MEXU [*]). Mexico: Municipio Amecameca, La Joya de Alcalican, pies de Iztaccihuatl, [19.141667 ° N, 98.675 ° W], 3950 m alt., 23 Nov 1975, L. Alonso 66 (CHAPA, IBUG, MEXU); SW del Volcan Iztaccihuatl, 1.5 km al SE de La Joyita, 19.13291667 ° N, 98.64144444 ° W, 3997 m alt., 15 Nov 2012, R. Hernandez-Cardenas and L. Arredondo-Amezcua 867 (MEXU [*]); km 20 carretera Amecameca-Tlamacas, [19.0917039 ° N, 98.67702965 ° W, 3402 m alt.], 2 Oct 1992, A. Miranda and G. Villegas 650 (MEXU [*]); La Joya de Alcalican, extremo SW del Iztaccihuatl, [19.152778 ° N, 98.673333 ° W], 3900 m alt, 26 Nov 1978, H. J. Soriano 116 (ASU, CIIDIR, MEXU [*], XAL). Municipio Zinacantepec, camino al Nevado, [19.1225 ° N, 99.77888889 ° W], 3200 m alt., 1 Oct 1992, A. Miranda et al. 598 (MEXU [*, **]). Mexico City, Alcaldia Tlalpan, volcan Pelado, [19.151 ° N, 99.2171 ° W], 3100 m alt., 1 Jul 1985, A. Miranda et al. 25 (MEXU). Michoacan: Municipio Angangeueo, alrededores del Llano de las Papas, [19.65618889 N, 100.2717278], 3200 m alt., 9 Oct 1988, J. Rzedowski 47403 (CHAPA, CIIDIR, IBUG, IEB, MEXU [**], XAL). Morelos: Municipio Huitzilac, Zempoala, [19.05034984 ° N, 99.31696647 ° W, 2812 m alt.], 1938, E. Lyonnet 2497 (MEXU, US). Municipio Oaxtepec, Oaxtepec, [18.90219847 ° N, 98.96287658 ° W], 1333 m alt., Aug 1952, F. Gallegos 438 (MEXU). Oaxaca: Municipio San Miguel Amatlan, 8.3 mi N of San Cualimojoyas on road towards Santa Maria Yavesia, 17.1819 ° N, 96.4445 ° W, 2794 m alt., 20 Sep 2008, P. M. Peterson and J. M. Saarela 22308 (US). Puebla: Municipio Atzitzintla, Sierra Negra, SW of Pico de Orizaba, summit of mountain, [18.98528 ° N, 97.310745 ° W], 4520 m alt., 10 Sep 1958, J. H. Beaman 2506 (MEXU, US). Municipio San Nicolas de los Ranchos, 6 km al SE de Paso de Cortes, brecha a Xalitzintla, [20.18 ° N, 98.44 ° W], 3400 m alt., 14 Sep 1988, P. Tenorio 15092 (MEXU, TEX); Buenavista, 5 km al E de Xalitzintla, [19.1 ° N, 98.55 ° W], 3300 m alt., 15 Feb 1988, P. Tenorio 15099 (MEXU [**]). Tlaxcala: Municipio Huamantla, volcan La Malinche, 4200 m alt., 4 Nov 1988, R. Acosta 2556 (CIB, MEXU [*]); parte alta de La Malinche, [19.25666667 ° N, 98.02833333 ° W], 3500 m alt., 7 Oct 1993, R. Hernandez 96 (CIIDIR, MEXU). Veracruz: Municipio Perote, Cofre de Perote, 500 m al NO de la estacion de television, [19.496389 ° N, 97.151389 ° W], 4030 m alt., 10 Sep 1992, B. V. Hernandez 66 (MEXU [*], CHAPA, CIB, XAL). See Suppl. material 2 for the full list of examined specimens.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
1F94286215D453C39B64BCE9C9965372.taxon	description	Figs 4 R, 30 F, 38	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
1F94286215D453C39B64BCE9C9965372.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Costa Rica. Cartago: plateau au field W du Turrialba, 2600 m alt., 27 Jan 1884, H. Pittier 855 (holotype: B; isotypes: US (US 00131127, US 04023770 [image!] )).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
1F94286215D453C39B64BCE9C9965372.taxon	description	Description. Plants perennial, caespitose. Tillers extravaginal, with cataphylls. Culms 13 - 32 cm long, erect, nodes 1 - 2, glabrous, internodes glabrous. Leaves mostly basal; sheaths 0.8 - 6.5 (- 10) cm long, usually longer than the internodes, glabrous or scaberulous; ligules 0.5 - 1.6 mm long, longer than wide, dorsally scaberulous, apices acute to rounded, erose or lacerate; blades 1 - 9 cm long, 0.2 - 0.5 mm wide, filiform, conduplicate to involute, rarely flat in the upper leaves, scaberulous on both surfaces. Panicles 3.8 - 10 cm long, 1.7 - 5 (- 8) cm wide, open, lax, ovate, exserted from the upper sheaths; branches ascending to spreading, rebranching about or slightly above mid-length, scaberulous, without spikelets near their base, inferior branches 0.7 - 2.5 cm long; pedicels 0.7 - 4 mm long, ascending to spreading, scaberulous. Spikelets 1.5 - 2.4 mm long, purplish; glumes subequal to unequal, lanceolate, apices acute, 1 - veined, scaberulous on the keel, lower glume 1.5 - 2.4 mm long, upper glume 1.4 - 2.3 mm long; callus pubescent, with 2 bunches of trichomes; lemmas 1.3 - 1.8 mm long, elliptic, apices entire, acute, sometimes irregularly toothed, 5 - veined, veins prominent, unawned, rarely awned near the apices, awn ca. 0.2 mm long, straight; paleas absent or up to 0.2 mm long, veinless, glabrous; anthers 3, ca. 0.7 mm long. Caryopsis 1.5 - 2.2 mm elliptic; endosperm solid. 2 n = unknown.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
1F94286215D453C39B64BCE9C9965372.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Agrostis turrialbae is distributed from central Mexico to Costa Rica. It has also been reported from Colombia and Venezuela (Luteyn 1999; Soreng and Peterson 2003). In the study zone, this species has been collected in the Mexican states of Chiapas, Mexico, Queretaro, Tlaxcala, and Veracruz, and the Guatemalan departments of Huehuetenango and San Marcos (Fig. 39 A). It has also been reported from Hidalgo (Sanchez-Ken 2019), but no specimens from this state were seen. Agrostis turrialbae grows in open areas of temperate forests, with Pinus and Quercus, and alpine grasslands, between 1600 - 4240 m a. s. l. (Fig. 27 G).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
1F94286215D453C39B64BCE9C9965372.taxon	materials_examined	Representative specimens examined. Guatemala. Huehuetenango: Municipio Santa Eulalia, top of cerro Chemalito, Sierra de los Cuchumatanes, 3.5 mi W of Santa Eulalia, [15.7822223 ° N, 91.5111111 ° W], 3100 - 3150 m alt., 2 Aug 1942, J. A. Steyermark 49905 (F, US). San Marcos: Municipio San Marcos, between San Sebastian and summit of Volcan Tajumulco, [15.04824546 ° N, 91.86726456 ° W, 3353 m alt.], 13 Feb 1940, J. A. Steyermark 35477 (F). Mexico. Chiapas: Municipio Motozintla, near summit of cerro Mozotal., [15.419722 ° N, 92.336667 ° W], 2750 m alt., 24 Nov 1981, D. E. Breedlove and B. M. Bartholomew 55845 (MO). Mexico: Municipio Amecameca: ladera SW del volcan Iztaccihuatl, rumbo al primer Portillo, 19.13697222 ° N, 98.64898611 ° W, 4050 m alt., 8 Nov 2014, R. Hernandez and S. Villalobos 2057 (IEB, MEXU [**]). Queretaro: Municipio Colon, antena El Zamorano, [20.93305556 ° N, 100.1797222 ° W], 3355 m alt., 24 Nov 1981, A. Mora and J. Ramirez 401 - AMB (MEXU [*, **]). Municipio Landa, Lobo, [21.29275 ° N, 99.11930833 ° W], 1600 m alt., 24 Aug 1982, R. Guzman 5959 (MEXU [*, **]). Tlaxcala: Municipio Huamantla, ladera N del Volcan La Malinche, 19.23486111 ° N, 98.03338889 ° W, 4190 m alt., 29 Jun 2013, R. Hernandez-Cardenas and L. Arredondo-Amezcua 1123 (IEB), 1929 (IEB). Veracruz: Municipio Calcahualco, La Cuchilla, camino al Pico de Orizaba, por Coscomatepec, [19.06728503 ° N, 97.19152382 ° W], 3160 m alt., 22 Jul 1982, R. Guzman 5847 (MEXU). See Suppl. material 2 for the full list of examined specimens.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
D216FC37FDB554FCBE59527D16F512E3.taxon	description	Fig. 4 S, 30 G, 40	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
D216FC37FDB554FCBE59527D16F512E3.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Based on Agrostis varians Trin.	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
D216FC37FDB554FCBE59527D16F512E3.taxon	description	Description. Plants perennial, slender, usually caespitose, rarely rhizomatous. Tillers extravaginal, with cataphylls. Rhizomes if present, up to 2 cm long. Culms 10 - 45 cm long, erect, nodes 1 - 2, glabrous, internodes glabrous. Leaves mostly basal; sheaths 0.8 - 6 (- 10) cm long, the lower ones longer than the internodes, the upper ones shorter, scaberulous; ligules 1 - 2.2 mm long, longer than wide, dorsally scaberulous, apices acute, erose to lacerate; blades 1 - 7 cm long, 0.5 - 1 mm wide, filiform, conduplicate to convolute, scaberulous on both surfaces. Panicles 1.5 - 13 cm long, 0.2 - 0.7 cm wide, contracted, dense, spiciform, linear, sometimes interrupted at the base, sometimes partially included in the upper sheaths; branches appressed, rebranching from below mid-length, scaberulous, with spikelets near their base, inferior branches up to 1 cm long; pedicels 0.3 - 2.2 mm long, appressed, scaberulous. Spikelets 1.4 - 2 mm long, greenish to stramineous, often tinged with purpure; glumes subequal, lanceolate, apices acute, 1 - veined, scaberulous on the keel, lower glume 1.4 - 2 mm long, upper glume 1.3 - 1.9 mm long; callus glabrous; lemmas 1 - 1.4 mm long, elliptic, apices entire, acute, 5 - veined, veins prominent distally, usually unawned, rarely awned above mid-length, awn up to 1 mm long, straight, not reaching the lemma apices; paleas absent; anthers 3, 0.3 - 0.6 mm long. Caryopsis 0.9 - 1.2 mm long, elliptic; endosperm solid. 2 n = 28 (Harvey 2007). Anatomy. Leaf blades convolute to v-shaped in transversal section; adaxial furrows medium-sized to deep, narrow; adaxial ribs rounded to triangular: keel absent; first order bundles circular in outline, sheath interrupted abaxially, abaxial sclerenchyma in strands or girders, narrowing towards the bundle, adaxial sclerenchyma in strands; second order bundles circular in outline, sheath interrupted abaxially, abaxial and adaxial sclerenchyma in strands; intercostal sclerenchyma absent; leaf margins with well-developed sclerenchyma caps, rounded; colorless cells absent (Fig. 37 E, F). Lemmas with transversal thickenings irregular to oblong, wider than the unthickened portion of the wall; prickle hairs present, scarce (32 G).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
D216FC37FDB554FCBE59527D16F512E3.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Agrostis variabilis is distributed from Alaska to the northern peninsula of Baja California, Mexico. In the study zone, it has been collected in the USA state of California, and the Mexican state of Baja California (Fig. 39 B). This species has also been reported from Chihuahua (Sanchez-Ken 2019), but no specimens from this state were seen. Agrostis variabilis grows in open areas of temperate forests with Pinus, between 2400 - 2639 m a. s. l. (Fig. 27 H).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
D216FC37FDB554FCBE59527D16F512E3.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens examined. Mexico. Baja California: Municipio Ensenada, Sierra San Pedro Martir, fairly common in dry meadow W of Vallecitos, 31.01089 ° N, 115.49504 ° W, 2450 m alt., 23 Aug 1968, R. Moran 15395 (SD [*, **], UC); common on gravelly arroyo bank, Tasajera, ca. 3 km NW of Los Llanitos, 30.98333 ° N, 115.44167 ° W, 2500 m alt., 3 Sep 1979, R. Moran 28010 (SD); Sierra San Pedro Martir, fairly common in arroyo, Jeffrey Pine forest, Yerba Buena, 31.01292 ° N, 115.48002 ° W, 2475 m alt., 16 Aug 1967, R. Moran and R. F. Thorne 14157 (SD). Sierra San Pedro Martir, 25 Sep 1982, A. Preciado 299 (MEXU [*, **]); Sierra San Pedro Martir, campground and main gate area, 31 N, 115.557 W, 2461 m alt., 14 Jul 2013, S. Ratay et al. 235 (SD). USA. California: Riverside County, Mt. San Jacinto State Park, N side of Hidden Lake, 33.80022 ° N, 116.64119 ° W, 2639 m alt., 12 Jul 1999, L. Hendrickson 10430 (BSCA).	en	Vigosa-Mercado, J. Luis, Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso, Alvarado Cardenas, Leonardo O., Eguiarte, Luis E. (2023): Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico. PhytoKeys 230: 157-256, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878
