identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
038C87B8FFF6FFBD28CD04821FBFF9BA.text	038C87B8FFF6FFBD28CD04821FBFF9BA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Peliosanthes annamensis N. Tanaka, Aver., V. C. Nguyen & K. S. Nguyen 2023	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Peliosanthes annamensis N.Tanaka, Aver., V.C.Nguyen &amp; K.S.Nguyen ,  sp. nov. (Fig. 1) </p>
            <p> Diagnosis: —Most similar to  P. crassicoronata , but differs mainly by its smaller leaves (blades 18–32 vs. 33–41 cm long) with fewer longitudinal veins (14–21 vs. 35–49) per blade, shorter peduncle (1.5–3.5 vs. 3.5–7.5 cm), bracts nearly as long as (vs. shorter than) open flowers, broadly obconic (vs. broadly crateriform) perianth tube, ovate or triangular ovate (vs. broadly ovate to subcircular) perianth segments, less convex purple-speckled dull (grayish) white (vs. purple-violet) staminal corona, and half-inferior (vs. superior) ovary. </p>
            <p> Type: —   VIETNAM. Dak Lak Province: M’Drak District, Chu Mu Mountain, evergreen forest at elevation about 500 m a.s.l., 10 February 2023, V. C.  Nguyen s.n., type herbarium specimen prepared from cultivated plant, 18 February 2023, V. C. Nguyen, L. Averyanov, AL 2038. Holotype LE: LE01170310 (https://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&amp;id=166012). Photos of the cultivated plant used for preparing the type specimen – LE: LE01123813 (https://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&amp;id=165102). </p>
            <p>Etymology: —The specific epithet refers to the former name of central Vietnam (Annam), from which the new species was discovered.</p>
            <p>Description:—Herb terrestrial, rhizomatous, acaulescent, evergreen perennial. Rhizome plagiotropic, horizontal to ascending, simple or few branching, 1–2(2.5) cm long, (4.5)5–6(7) mm in diameter, covered with few remnants of papyraceous whitish bracts, producing many rigid fleshy brownish roots. Stem ascending or erect, 1.5–2 cm high, covered with few remnants of herbaceous lanceolate pale brownish bracts to 5 cm long. Leaves much exceeding flowering stem; petiole erect, straight or slightly arcuate, (12)15–30(35) cm long, rigid, stout; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to elliptic, (18)20–30(32) cm long, (4)5–7(8) cm wide, leathery, glabrous, glossy, grass green above, light green below, acute to shortly acuminate, with many longitudinal veins (14–21 veins including marginal ones in middle part); secondary transverse veinlets numerous, distinct, oblique to perpendicular to longitudinal veins. Flowering stem (peduncle and inflorescence) (12)14–16(18) cm long; peduncle erect, (1.5)2–3(3.5) cm long, 2–2.5 mm in diameter, dull olive green to dull violet, stout; sterile bracts on peduncle 2–3(4), narrowly triangular ovate, 1.5–2.5 cm long, (4)5–6(7) mm wide at base, acute or acuminate, papyraceous, dark purple; inflorescence a raceme, rachis (10)12–14(16) cm long. Floral bracts 2 (outer bract 1 and inner bracteole 1) at base of pedicel, narrowly triangular to lanceolate, with tapering to acute apex, light green to pale violet, herbaceous; bract (4)5–10(12) mm long, (1.6)1.8– 3(3.2) mm wide, descending to horizontal, nearly as long as open flower; bracteole borne often at right angle to bract, shorter than half of bract. Flowers sparser toward apex of rachis, blooming acropetally, solitary in axils of bracts, cernuous, campanulate, not widely opening, (5)5.5–6(6.5) mm high, (6.5)7–7.5(8) mm wide. Pedicel cylindric, curved downward, purplish, 2.4–3 mm long. Perianth distally 6-cleft, fleshy, abaxially dark purple-violet or brownish purple, glossy, adaxially dark purple-violet; tube broadly obconic (or funnelform), 1.2–1.6 mm high, (5.6)6–6.8(7.2) mm in diameter at apex; segments 6 in 2 whorls of 3, triangular ovate or ovate, (3.8)4–5(5.2) mm long, (3.4)3.6–3.8(4) mm wide, adaxial basal portion whitish, subacute or obtuse at apex, only slightly imbricate proximally. Corona slightly convex, dull (grayish) white, speckled with violet especially around apical orifice, 0.5–1 mm high, (4.8)5–5.5(5.2) mm in diameter, orbicular at base; apical opening almost circular, entire, 1.4–1.6 mm in diameter. Anthers 6, sessile, introrse, ovoid, 0.4–0.5 mm long, about 0.4 mm wide, pale beige; pollen cream-white. Pistil half-inferior (in ovary part), distal free part conoid, 1.8–2 mm high, 2.8–3 mm across at base, hexagonal at base, white speckled with purple, distal portion including stigma dark purple; ovary internally incompletely 3-septate, each locule containing 3–5 ovules on basal central placentae; stigma 3-dissected, lobes narrowly obovate, 0.2–0.3 mm long, radially spreading, finely papillose, dark purple. Fruits unknown.</p>
            <p>Ecology and phenology: —Occurs in primary or old secondary lowland evergreen broad-leaved forests on granite at the elevation of about 500 m a.s.l. Flowering in January–March.</p>
            <p> Conservation status: —  Only a few mature individuals were found in the type locality. With no detailed information on the occurrence, the conservation status of the new species is estimated as “Data Deficient” (DD), following the guidelines in IUCN (2022) . </p>
            <p>Distribution: — Vietnam, Dak Lak Province (M’Drak District). Known only from a single location in the Chu Mu Mountains.</p>
            <p> Taxonomic relationships: —In sharing comparatively large leaves (up to ca. 70 vs. 97 cm long), a short peduncle relative to the inflorescence rachis, drooping purple-violet flowers, which become sparser toward the apex of the rachis, and a conoid pistil,  Peliosanthes annamensis appears closest to  P. crassicoronata K.S.Nguyen, Aver. &amp; N.Tanaka in Nguyen et al. (2020: 41). It is, however, clearly distinguishable mainly by its shorter petiole (12–36 vs. 47–56 cm), smaller leaf blades (18–32 × 4–8 vs. 33–41 × 7.5–10.5 cm) with fewer longitudinal veins (14–21 vs. 35–49), shorter peduncle (1.5–3.5 vs. 3.5–7.5 cm), bracts nearly as long as (vs. shorter than) open flowers, broadly obconic (vs. broadly crateriform) perianth tube, ovate or triangular ovate (vs. broadly ovate to nearly circular) perianth segments, slightly convex (vs. broadly hemispheric) purple-speckled dull (grayish) white (vs. purple-violet) staminal corona, half-inferior (vs. superior) pistil, and smaller anthers (0.4–0.5 vs. 0.9–1 mm long) with pale creamy white (vs. yellow) pollen.  Peliosanthes annamensis occurs in Dak Lak Province, while  P. crassicoronata is distributed in Gia Lai Province. The former is more southerly distributed, and about 200 km distant from the latter. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038C87B8FFF6FFBD28CD04821FBFF9BA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Averyanov, Leonid V.;Nguyen, Van Canh;Tanaka, Noriyuki;Nguyen, Khang Sinh;Maisak, Tatiana V.	Averyanov, Leonid V., Nguyen, Van Canh, Tanaka, Noriyuki, Nguyen, Khang Sinh, Maisak, Tatiana V. (2023): Three new taxa and two noteworthy species of Peliosanthes (Asparagaceae, Convallarioideae) from Laos and Vietnam. Phytotaxa 609 (3): 209-221, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.609.3.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.609.3.4
038C87B8FFF4FFB828CD07DC1E01FEC6.text	038C87B8FFF4FFB828CD07DC1E01FEC6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Peliosanthes divaricatanthera Tanaka 2004	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Peliosanthes divaricatanthera Tanaka (2004: 157) (Fig. 2) </p>
            <p> Type: —   VIETNAM. Annam: Tourane [presently Da Nang City],  Mt. Bana , 10–22 August 1927. J &amp; M. S. Clements s.n. (holotype in UC: UC-340165!)  . </p>
            <p>Description:— Herb terrestrial, rhizomatous, acaulescent, evergreen perennial. Rhizome plagiotropic, horizontal or ascending, simple or poorly branching, 1–2.5(3) cm long, (3.5)4–5(5.5) mm in diameter, covered with few remnants of papyraceous pale yellowish-brown bracts, bearing wiry rigid pale brownish roots. Stem ascending or erect, (1)1.5(2) cm high, covered with few sheathing bracts; sheathing bracts, papyraceous white to yellowish, linear or lanceolate, up to 4 cm long, (3)3.5–4(5) mm wide (when flattened). Leaves (18)20–28(30) cm long; petiole rigid, stout, erect, straight, sometimes arcuate, (7.5)9–14(16) cm long; leaf blade (narrowly) elliptic, (9)10–14(16) cm long, (2.8)3–3.8(4.2) cm wide, acute to shortly acuminate, leathery, glabrous, adaxially grass green, abaxially pale green, with (7)8–11(13) longitudinal veins; secondary transverse veinlets numerous, closely spaced, more or less parallel, perpendicular to slightly oblique to longitudinal veins. Flowering stem (including peduncle and inflorescence rachis) bearing a lax reduced thyrse of many small flowers, (22)25–30(32) cm long, shorter than leaves; peduncle dark dirty green to violet, erect, slender, often curved or somewhat flexuose, (16)18–22(24) cm long, (1.8)2(2.2) mm in diameter, bearing 3–8 sparsely arranged bracts that are narrowly triangular, long acuminate, pale green, (5)6–8(10) mm long, 1.5–2 mm wide; basal portion of peduncle with 2–3(4) sheathing bracts that are linear to lanceolate, whitish, papyraceous, (1.5)2–2.5(3) cm long, (2.5)3–4(4.5) mm wide at the base; rachis (8)10–12(14) cm long, with somewhat sparsely arranged fascicled flowers. Floral bracts 2 (outer bract and inner bracteole), light green, herbaceous, narrowly triangular lanceolate or subulate, antrorse, proximal bracts (5)6–8(9) mm long, (0.7)0.9–1.6(1.8) mm wide; bracteole three times smaller; both bracts and bracteoles becoming smaller toward apex of rachis, and those in distal portion of rachis almost rudimental and less than 0.5 mm long. Flowers blooming acropetally, 1–2(3) in axils of primary bracts, ascending, campanulate, (1.6)1.7–1.8(2) mm high, (3.6)3.8–4(4.2) (when flattened 4.4–5.2) mm in diameter. Pedicel ascending, terete, (0.8)1–1.8(2) mm long, dull green or pale violet. Perianth distally 6 - cleft, dull (whitish or grayish) blue-green; tube crateriform, (0.5)0.6(0.7) mm high, (1)1.2–1.4(1.5) mm in diameter; segments 6 in 2 whorls of 3, ovate, (1.7)1.8–1.9(2) mm long, (1.3)1.4–1.5(1.6) mm wide, obtuse, laterally revolute (segments hence look triangular), fleshy. Corona annular, orbicular or obtusely hexagonal in outline, (0.5)0.6(0.7) mm high, (1.9)2–2.1(2.2) mm in diameter, dull blue-green, fleshy, externally convexly slightly incurved toward apex, narrowly ledged near apex of internal corona wall, apex nearly entire, opening nearly orbicular, (1.3)1.4–1.5(1.6) mm in diameter. Anthers 6, sessile, on narrow ledge near apex of corona, thecae horizontally divaricate with ventral sides facing upside (floral front), each theca (sub)circular when viewed from floral front, dull pale beige, (0.9)1–1.2(1.3) mm wide; pollen cream-white. Pistil half-inferior, free part broadly conoid, 0.7–0.8 mm high, (1.3)1.4(1.5) mm across at base, with slight longitudinal ridges radially decurrent from stigmas, slightly 3-sulcate, dull (dark) blue, 3-radially striped with pale dull green; ovary internally incompletely 3-septate, each locule containing 1–2 ovules on central basal placentae; stigma 3-dissected, lobes narrowly obovate, ca. 0.15 mm long. Young seeds narrowly obovoid, green, glossy.</p>
            <p> Specimens examined: —   CHINA. Yunnan Province: Env.de Yunnan-fu, June 1908, native collector7210, in  Herbier de Ch. d’Alleizette (paratype in L: L0068854 https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/ L %20%200068854)  .   VIETNAM. Dak Lak Province: Lak District, secondary bamboo forest at elevation of 500–600 m a.s.l., March 2022, V. C.  Nguyen s.n., herbarium specimen prepared from cultivated plants, 18 February 2023, V. C. Nguyen, L. Averyanov, AL 2039 — LE: LE01170445 (https://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&amp;id=167888)  .   Photos of the cultivated plants used for preparing the voucher herbarium specimen— LE: LE01123814 (https://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&amp;id=165103)  . </p>
            <p>  Holotype of  Peliosanthes tonkinensis examined for comparison: — VIETNAM. Tonkin: Forêts au nord  d’Ouonbi [Uông Bí City, Quang Ninh Province], Novembre 1885, B.  Balansa 280 (K: K000099379 http://apps.kew. org/herbcat/getImage.do?imageBarcode= K000099379). </p>
            <p> Ecology and phenology: —Present material occurs in secondary bamboo forest at elevation of 500–600 m a.s.l. Flowering in January–March. Flowering specimens from Yunnan in China and Da Nang City (  Mt. Bana ) in Vietnam were collected in  June and  August respectively. </p>
            <p>Conservation status: —Only a few mature individuals were found in the type locality. With no detailed information on the occurrence, the conservation status of the new species is estimated as “Data Deficient” (DD), following the guidelines in IUCN (2022).</p>
            <p>Distribution: — Vietnam, Dak Lak Province (Lak District), Da Nang City. China, Yunnan Province.</p>
            <p> Notes: —In having such traits as leaf blades with nearly parallel, closely spaced transverse veinlets and a lax thyrsoid of small ascending fascicled flowers,  Peliosanthes divaricatanthera appears closest to  P. tonkinensis Wang &amp; Tang (1936: 83) described from northern Vietnam.  P. divaricatanthera differs from  P. tonkinensis mainly by the anthers situated on a narrow inward ledge near the apex (vs. apical inside) of the corona, thecae horizontally divaricate with their ventral sides facing upside (floral front) (vs. thecae axially collateral with their ventral sides turned more or less inward), and broadly (or depressed) conic pistil (vs. pistil distally concavely tapering into a distinct style). </p>
            <p> Peliosanthes tonkinensis agrees in many respects with  P. teta Andrews (1810 : t. 605) and was treated as a synonym of the latter by Jessop (1976) and Wang &amp; Tang (1978).  P. tonkinensis is, however, readily distinguishable from  P. teta by its smaller flowers, and hence provisionally treated here as a distinct entity. We need to further study the relationship between the two species based on more materials. </p>
            <p> Since the horizontally divaricate thecae are apparently apomorphic(vs.axially collateral thecae),  P.divaricatanthera with this character state is viewed as an advanced species diverged from the ancestor of  P. tonkinensis or of a similar small flowered form of  P. teta . </p>
            <p> The previous collections of  P. divaricatanthera from Vietnam (holotype) and China (paratype) were made in 1927 and 1908, respectively. Namely, Van Canh Nguyen’s rediscovery of the plant in Vietnam (in 2022) was made after 95 years from the second collection (1927). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038C87B8FFF4FFB828CD07DC1E01FEC6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Averyanov, Leonid V.;Nguyen, Van Canh;Tanaka, Noriyuki;Nguyen, Khang Sinh;Maisak, Tatiana V.	Averyanov, Leonid V., Nguyen, Van Canh, Tanaka, Noriyuki, Nguyen, Khang Sinh, Maisak, Tatiana V. (2023): Three new taxa and two noteworthy species of Peliosanthes (Asparagaceae, Convallarioideae) from Laos and Vietnam. Phytotaxa 609 (3): 209-221, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.609.3.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.609.3.4
038C87B8FFF1FFB828CD00581CA2F92F.text	038C87B8FFF1FFB828CD00581CA2F92F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Peliosanthes micrantha Averyanov & Tanaka 2013	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Peliosanthes micrantha Averyanov &amp; Tanaka (2013: 5) (Fig. 3) </p>
            <p> Type:—   VIETNAM.  Southern Vietnam , exported originally from  southern Vietnam to  Main Botanical Garden (Moscow), pressed from plants cultivated at Komarov Botanical Institute Garden grown from immature specimen imported from southern Vietnam by unknown collector without exact locality and collecting number, collected from cultivated specimen on 24 April 2012 by L.  Averyanov . Holotype LE: LE01049429 (http://re.herbariumle.ru/01049429).  Photos of the cultivated plant used for preparing the holotype — LE: LE01122702 (http://re.herbariumle.ru/01122702).   Epitypes : LE: LE01049025 (http://re.herbariumle.ru/01049025) &amp; LE01049065 (http://re.herbariumle.ru/01049065). </p>
            <p> Specimens examined:—   LAOS. Precise locality unknown, 2017,  Averyanov L  .  et al., s.n., herbarium specimen prepared from cultivated plant on 13 April 2023 by L .   Averyanov AL2212, LE: LE01170558 (http://re.herbariumle.ru/01170558).  Photographs of the cultivated plant used for preparing the voucher herbarium specimen: LE: LE01124108 (http:// re.herbariumle.ru/01124108)  .   VIETNAM. Thua Thien Hue Province: Nam Dong District,  Thuong Quang Commune , 19 January 2019, H. L  .   Tuan Anh et al., LTA 920 LE: LE01050259 (http://re.herbariumle.ru/01050259). Dak Lak Province: wild collected plant cultivated in V. C  .   Nguyen’s private garden, 22 October 2017, V. C  .   Nguyen , L  .   Averyanov , T  .   Maisak , AL 389 LE: LE01049907 (http://re.herbariumle.ru/01049907). Dak Lak Province: wild collected plant cultivated in V. C  .   Nguyen’s private garden, 22 October 2017, V. C  .   Nguyen , L  .   Averyanov , T  .   Maisak s.n., specimen prepared from cultivated plant, 1 April 2021, L  .  Averyanov AL 389  garden number 17547 LE: LE01077032 (http:// re.herbariumle.ru/01077032). Dak Nong Province: Krong No District, Nam Nung Commune,  Nam Nung Natural Conservation Area , 600–800 m, 26 April 2017, H. P  .   Nguyen, AL 397 (Herbarium of the  National Institute of Medicinal Materials , NIMM)  .   Specimen prepared from cultivated plant, 1 April 2021, L  .  Averyanov AL 397 garden number 17546 LE: LE01077031 (http://re.herbariumle.ru/01077031) . </p>
            <p>Distribution: — Laos (sine loco, new record) and Vietnam (Thua Thien Hue, Dak Lak, and Dak Nong Provinces).</p>
            <p> Notes: —Here we report  Peliosanthes micrantha , so far known from central (Thua Thien Hue Province) and southern (Dak Lak and Dak Nong Provinces) Vietnam, as a new addition to the flora of Laos. This species is distinct with such traits as small spherical flowers, prominently verruculose perianth, a sub-spherically incurved corona wall thinning toward both the base and the apex, a bottle-shaped, nearly superior pistil, and ovules not more than two in each locule. Compared with plants from Vietnam, the plant from Laos had broadly (somewhat triangular) ovoid (vs. spherical) floral buds and flowers, and triangular ovate (vs. oblong-elliptic), distally acute (vs. obtuse) outer perianth segments. </p>
            <p> It is noteworthy that the flowers of  P. micrantha tend to scarcely or only narrowly open, and most of them drop without setting fruits (seeds) at least under cultivation, implying that their pollination is achieved only by very specific pollinators. </p>
            <p> Interestingly,  P. inaperta Aver. &amp; N.Tanaka in Averyanov et al. (2016: 209) described from Khammouane Province in central Laos also exhibits a similar mode of flowering, though its flowers remain more tightly closed during anthesis.  Peliosanthes micrantha and  P. inaperta differ in many respects. For example, compared with  P. inaperta ,  P. micrantha has more ovoid-ellipsoid (vs. spherical) flowers, less thickened, laterally less strongly involute perianth segments (especially inner segments), and a nearly superior (vs. typical half-inferior) pistil. The perianths of both species are, however, similar in being prominently incurved and verruculose, though the latter character state is less distinct in  P. inaperta . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038C87B8FFF1FFB828CD00581CA2F92F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Averyanov, Leonid V.;Nguyen, Van Canh;Tanaka, Noriyuki;Nguyen, Khang Sinh;Maisak, Tatiana V.	Averyanov, Leonid V., Nguyen, Van Canh, Tanaka, Noriyuki, Nguyen, Khang Sinh, Maisak, Tatiana V. (2023): Three new taxa and two noteworthy species of Peliosanthes (Asparagaceae, Convallarioideae) from Laos and Vietnam. Phytotaxa 609 (3): 209-221, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.609.3.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.609.3.4
038C87B8FFF1FFB628CD06601D92F87B.text	038C87B8FFF1FFB628CD06601D92F87B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Peliosanthes nivea var. acutiloba N. Tanaka & Aver. 2023	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Peliosanthes nivea Averyanov &amp; Tanaka (2012: 157) var. acutiloba N.Tanaka &amp; Aver. ,  var. nov.</p>
            <p>(Fig. 5 in Averyanov et al. 2017; LE: LE 01122836 https://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&amp;id=99443)</p>
            <p> Diagnosis: —Similar to  P. nivea var. nivea , but distinguishable mainly by the somewhat basipetal (vs. acropetal) blooming, often shorter (2–4.5 vs. 3–8 mm) floral bracts, longer pedicels (1.4–2.4 vs. 1–1.5 mm), narrower (1.8–2.1 vs. 5–5.5 mm wide) triangular ovate (vs. broadly ovate or broadly triangular ovate) perianth segments slightly imbricate only basally (vs. largely imbricate in the lower half), more slender conoid pistil without distinct intercarpellary wings (vs. with prominent intercarpellary wings in the distal half of pistil). </p>
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                 Type:—   LAOS. Type herbarium specimen prepared on 15 April 2017 by L. Averyanov from flowering cultivated plants grown from seeds collected in Khammouane Province,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 105.94787/lat 17.4439)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=105.94787&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=17.4439">Thakhek District</a>
                 , near  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 105.94787/lat 17.4439)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=105.94787&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=17.4439">Thamnangene Cave</a>
                 , around point 17°26.634N 105°56.872E, on vertical limestone cliff, at an elevation of 157 m a.s.l. on 3 November 2013, E. Konstantinov K 249. Holotype LE01049913 (https:// en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&amp;id=2672). Photos of the cultivated plants— LE01122836 (https://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&amp;id=99443). 
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            <p>Etymology:—The varietal epithet refers to the acute perianth segments.</p>
            <p>Description (the description below is based on 3-year-old plants grown from seed, hence the sizes of various portions, especially vegetative ones such as leaves, are likely to be smaller than those in adult plants in the wild):— Herb lithophytic, rhizomatous, acaulescent, evergreen perennial. Rhizome plagiotropic, horizontal or ascending, simple to few branching, 0.8–1.2(1.6) cm long, (2.5)3–4(4.5) mm in diameter, covered with few remnants of papyraceous dull yellowish bracts. Roots wiry, rigid, somewhat fleshy, dirty gray. Stem ascending or erect, (0.8)1–1.2(1.4) cm high, covered with few linear or lanceolate papyraceous whitish bracts to 3 cm long, (1.2)2(2.5) mm wide (when flattened). Leaves (6)8–12(14) cm long; petiole rigid, stout, usually curved, (2.5)3–3.5(4) cm long; leaf blade elliptic, (4.5)5–8(9) cm long, (1.8)2–3(3.4) cm wide, leathery, glabrous, somewhat rugose, adaxially grass green, glossy, abaxially light green, acute or shortly acuminate, with (5)6–9(11) main longitudinal veins; secondary transverse veinlets distinct, numerous, closely spaced, nearly parallel to each other and perpendicular to longitudinal veins. Flowering stem (peduncle and inflorescence rachis) (3)3.5–4.5(5) cm long, pale green, shorter than leaves; peduncle erect, stout and straight, (1)1.2–1.6(1.8) cm long, (1)1.2(1.4) mm in diameter, ebracteate or at middle with 1–2 lanceolate sterile bracts 3–4 mm long, at the base with few small, light brownish, papyraceous bracts; rachis (1.6)1.8–3.5(4) cm long. Floral bracts 2 (outer bract and inner bracteole), smaller above, light green to white, scarious, lanceolate or (narrowly) triangular lanceolate, acute; bract descending, (2)2.5–4(4.5) mm long, (0.7)0.8–1.2(1.3) mm wide; bracteole borne crosswise to bract and perpendicular to rachis, twice smaller. Flowers (4)5–12(14) flowers per rachis, somewhat basipetally blooming, drooping, solitary in bract axils, campanulate, not widely opening, (3.5)4–4.5(5) mm high, (6)6.5–7.5(8) mm (when flattened 11–12 mm) wide in diameter. Pedicel cylindric, down-curved, light greenish, (1.4)1.6–2.2(2.4) mm long. Perianth distally 6-cleft, fleshy; tube broadly obconic, (2.8)3–3.2(3.4) mm in diameter, (0.9)1(1.1) mm high; segments 6 in 2 whorls of 3, subsimilar in shape and size, abaxial side white to pale green with purplish margins, adaxial side dark dull violet, narrowly triangular ovate, acute to subacute with obtuse tip, (3)3.2–3.8(4) mm long, (1.8)1.9–2(2.1) mm wide. Corona somewhat depressed (conoid) hemispheric, dark purple-violet, 0.5–0.7 mm high, obscurely hexagonal at base, (4.2)4.4–5(5.2) mm in diameter, apical margin 6-subdentate, apical opening obscurely hexagonal to almost rounded, (1.3)1.4–1.5(1.6) mm in diameter. Anthers 6, sessile, introrse, (broadly) ellipsoid, about 0.4 mm long and wide, pale dull yellowish green. Pistil half-inferior, distal exposed portion narrowly conoid, 1.5–1.6 mm high, 0.9–1 mm across at base, with 3 longitudinal ridges decurrent from stigmatic lobes, without distinct intercarpellary wings at least in distal half, dark purple-violet; ovary internally incompletely 3-septate, each locule adaxially open, containing 2–3(4) ovules on central basal placentae; stigma sessile, 3-dissected, lobes elliptic, ca. 0.5–0.6 mm long. Seed broadly ellipsoid to almost globular, 11–13 mm long and wide, dark blue, glossy.</p>
            <p>Ecology and phenology:—Lithophytic herb on shady vertical rocky cliffs in primary or secondary lowland evergreen broad-leaved forests on limestone at the elevation of 100–200 m a.s.l. Flowers in April.</p>
            <p>Conservation status:—Only a few mature individuals were found in the type locality. The natural environment, including the habitat, had been largely altered by the local development for promoting tourism. For lack of sufficient data on the occurrence, the conservation status of this new variety is estimated as “Data Deficient” (DD), according to the criteria proposed by IUCN (2022).</p>
            <p>Distribution:— Laos, Khammouane Province (Thakhek District, Thamnangene Cave). Known only from the type locality.</p>
            <p> Notes: —The type specimen of  Peliosanthes nivea var. acutiloba is the same as the material used previously for recording  P. nivea in Laos (Averyanov et al. 2017). </p>
            <p> Peliosanthes nivea var. acutiloba is similar to  P. nivea var. nivea and also to  P. virescens (described in this paper),  P. argenteostriata Averyanov &amp; Tanaka (2012: 153) and  P. convallarioides Aver., N.Tanaka &amp; K.S.Nguyen in Averyanov et al. (2021), as discussed below. </p>
            <p> In contrast to acropetal blooming in  P. nivea var. nivea and the three related species, the new  variety blooms somewhat basipetally. The basipetal blooming is also known in  P. ashihoana D.K.Roy, N.Odyuo &amp; N.Tanaka (Roy et al. 2020: 493) from east India. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038C87B8FFF1FFB628CD06601D92F87B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Averyanov, Leonid V.;Nguyen, Van Canh;Tanaka, Noriyuki;Nguyen, Khang Sinh;Maisak, Tatiana V.	Averyanov, Leonid V., Nguyen, Van Canh, Tanaka, Noriyuki, Nguyen, Khang Sinh, Maisak, Tatiana V. (2023): Three new taxa and two noteworthy species of Peliosanthes (Asparagaceae, Convallarioideae) from Laos and Vietnam. Phytotaxa 609 (3): 209-221, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.609.3.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.609.3.4
038C87B8FFFEFFB728CD01E819E8F7CE.text	038C87B8FFFEFFB728CD01E819E8F7CE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Peliosanthes virescens Aver., V. C. Nguyen, N. Tanaka & K. S. Nguyen 2023	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Peliosanthes virescens Aver., V.C.Nguyen, N.Tanaka &amp; K.S.Nguyen ,  sp. nov. (Fig. 4) </p>
            <p> Diagnosis: —Most similar to  P. argenteostriata , but differs mainly by the rhizome with subterranean stolons, non-striated leaf blades, narrowly open spherical flowers, incurved, apically rounded, largely imbricate greenish white perianth segments, a nearly flat pale green staminal corona, and a broadly conic, three-ridged, greenish white pistil. </p>
            <p> Type: —   VIETNAM. Dak Lak Province: Ea’Hleo District, Ea’Hiao Village, evergreen forest at an elevation of about 900 m a.s.l., 1 February 2023, V. C.  Nguyen s.n., type herbarium specimens prepared from cultivated plants, 18 February 2023, V. C. Nguyen, L. Averyanov, AL 2037. Holotype LE: LE01170311 (https://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&amp;id=166030). Isotype LE: LE01170312 (https:// en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&amp;id=166038). Photos of the cultivated plants used for preparing the type specimen— LE: LE01123812 (https://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&amp;id=165101). </p>
            <p>Etymology: —The specific epithet refers to the greenish flowers.</p>
            <p>Description:—Herb terrestrial, rhizomatous, acaulescent, evergreen perennial. Rhizome clumpy or tuberous, 0.5– 1(1.5) cm long, (4)5–6(7) mm in diameter, covered with few remnants of papyraceous, whitish bracts, producing whitish subterranean stolons becoming over 10 cm long. Roots several, rigid, fleshy, orange brown. Stem ascending or erect, 1–1.5 cm high, covered with few remnants of whitish herbaceous bracts. Leaves distinctly petiolate; petiole rigid, usually suberect or slightly curved, (8)10–14(16) cm long; leaf blade narrowly ovate to elliptic, (7)8–12(13) cm long, (2)2.5–4.5(5) cm wide, somewhat rugose, leathery, glabrous, glossy, dark green above, light green beneath, shortly acuminate, with many longitudinal veins; secondary transverse veinlets numerous, indistinct, nearly perpendicular to longitudinal veins. Flowering stem (peduncle and inflorescence rachis) erect, much shorter than leaves, (5.5)6–7(7.5) cm long; peduncle (2.6)2.8–3.8(4) cm long, 1.8–2.2 mm in diameter, stout, light green, bracteate; sterile bracts on peduncle (1)2–3(4), broadly triangular, acuminate, clasping, papyraceous-membranous, whitish, (7)8–1.2(1.4) cm long, (4)6–8(10) mm wide; rachis (1)1.5–2.5(3) cm long, bearing (4)6–8(10) flowers in raceme. Floral bracts 2 (outer bract and inner bracteole) at base of pedicel, whitish, papyraceous-membranous, narrowly triangular, tapering to acute apex; bract borne below flower, (4)5–7(8) mm long, (1.2)1.4–2(2.2) mm wide; bracteole borne crosswise to bract, twice smaller. Pedicel ascending, cylindric, 1.6–2.2 mm long, light green. Flowers blooming acropetally, solitary in axils of bracts, subsessile, nearly horizontal, spherical, narrowly open, (5)5.5–6(6.5) mm high, (6.5)7.5–8(8.5) mm wide, light greenish. Perianth distally 6-cleft; tube broadly bowl-shaped, 1–1.2 mm high, 4.5–5 mm in diameter; segments 6 in 2 whorls of 3, imbricate except distal portion, incurved, broadly ovate or almost circular, with rounded and scarcely recurved apex, abaxially convex, hyaline along margins, fleshy; outer 3 segments 5.5–6 mm long, 4.5–5 mm wide; inner ones 4.5–5 mm long, 4–4.2 mm wide. Corona nearly flat to slightly raised centrally (distally), less than 0.5 mm high, hexagonal at base, (4.4)4.6–5(5.2) mm in diameter, inside below each anther obtusely thickened longitudinally, apical opening almost circular, 2–2.2 mm in diameter. Anthers 6, sessile, introrse, nearly circular, 0.5–0.6 mm long and wide, light beige; pollen cream white. Pistil half-inferior, distal free part broadly conic, 1.4–1.6 mm high, 2.8–3 mm across at base, with 3 low longitudinal ridges decurrent from stigmatic lobes, pale greenish white; ovary hexagonal or stellate at base, internally incompletely 3-septate, each locule containing 4(6) ovules on central basal placentae; stigma 3-dissected, lobes narrowly obovate, tri-radially spreading, 0.2–0.3 mm long. Fruits unknown.</p>
            <p>Ecology and phenology: —Occurs in primary or aged secondary submontane evergreen broad-leaved forests at an elevation of about 900 m a.s.l. Flowers in February–March.</p>
            <p> Conservation status: —  Only a few mature individuals of this species were found in the type locality. For lack of sufficient data on the occurrence, we estimate the conservation status of the new species as “Data Deficient” (DD), following the guidelines of IUCN (2022) . </p>
            <p>Distribution: — Vietnam, Dak Lak Province (Ea’Hleo District). Currently known only from the type locality.</p>
            <p> Taxonomic relationships: —In having comparatively small habit, small leathery glossy somewhat rugose leaf blades (6–13 × 2–5 cm) and a short inflorescence (rachis 1–3 cm long) with subsessile flowers (pedicels up to 2.2 mm long),  Peliosanthes virescens is morphologically close to  P. argenteostriata ,  P. convallarioides and  P. nivea . These four species are confined in distribution to central Vietnam and Laos. Unlike  P. virescens ,  P. argenteostriata and  P. convallarioides ,  Peliosanthes nivea is unique within these four species in having different coloration of adaxial (dark purple) and abaxial (white to greenish white) sides of perianth segments. Then,  P. virescens is closer to  P. argenteostriata than to  P. convallarioides in having apically rounded segments, since the latter has more acute outer perianth segments. In addition,  P. virescens is distinguishable from these three species by having subterranean stolons, narrowly open spherical greenish white flowers, incurved, apically rounded perianth segments, a nearly flat (or only slightly convex) greenish white staminal corona, and a broadly conic (or trihedral) three-ridged greenish white pistil. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038C87B8FFFEFFB728CD01E819E8F7CE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Averyanov, Leonid V.;Nguyen, Van Canh;Tanaka, Noriyuki;Nguyen, Khang Sinh;Maisak, Tatiana V.	Averyanov, Leonid V., Nguyen, Van Canh, Tanaka, Noriyuki, Nguyen, Khang Sinh, Maisak, Tatiana V. (2023): Three new taxa and two noteworthy species of Peliosanthes (Asparagaceae, Convallarioideae) from Laos and Vietnam. Phytotaxa 609 (3): 209-221, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.609.3.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.609.3.4
