identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
577087E1432EFFAD0998240DFE0DFCA4.text	577087E1432EFFAD0998240DFE0DFCA4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pyropterus Mulsant 1838	<div><p>The Pyropterus clade</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Dictyopterini was recently analyzed (Kazantsev 2004; Motyka et al. in press) and close relationships were recovered for a group of four genera: Pyropterus, Helcophorus, Benibotarus, and Gomezzuritus gen. nov., described here. Additionally, based on morphology, Greenarus Kazantsev, 1995 is added to this clade. The pyropterine genera are characterized by the wide pronotal areola that differs from the basally constricted areolae of other dictyopterine genera. Additionally, the antennomeres are subequal in length. None of these characters is clearly defined in all taxa and all specimens. The shape of the pronotal costae is particularly often variable, as net-winged beetles are soft-bodied. Therefore, we propose to use an informal designation, ‘the Pyropterus clade’. We also avoid the description of a subtribe as Dictyopterini is a relatively small group and we are still unsure about the relationships of some dictyopterine taxa. An eventual reclassification would have to consider the entire global diversity.</p> <p>Genera included in the pyropterine clade</p> <p>Pyropterus, Gomezzuritus gen. nov., Helcophorus, Greenarus, and Benibotarus.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>The pyropterine clade is distributed in the Palaearctic, Nearctic, and Oriental (northern part only, i.e., northern Thailand and Laos) realms (Masek et al. 2018; Kazantsev, 2020). Fossil taxa of these groups have been recorded from Baltic and Rovno amber (Kazantsev &amp; Perkovsky 2022).</p> <p>Identification key to the genera of the Pyropterus clade</p> <p>1. Each elytron with four longitudinal costae, no secondary costae present in the middle part of elytron, at most vestiges present in humeri.................................................................................................... 2</p> <p>– Each elytron with three longitudinal costae in the whole length, secondary costae present in the whole elytron (Fig. 1B, D–E)........................................................................................................... 3</p> <p>2. Elytral cells strongly transverse................................................................ Pyropterus Mulsant, 1838</p> <p>– Elytral cells quadrate or only slightly transverse................................ Helcophorus Fairmaire, 1891</p> <p>3. Male antennomeres 3–11 with decumbent pubescence, the apex of phallus simple........................ 4</p> <p>– Male antennomeres 3–11 with erect pubescence, the apex of phallus preapically toothed (Fig. 2I– K).................................................................................................................. Gomezzuritus gen. nov.</p> <p>4. Parameres of aedeagus complete............................................................... Benibotarus Kôno, 1932</p> <p>– Parameres of aedeagus ventrally greatly incised................................... Greenarus Kazantsev, 1995</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/577087E1432EFFAD0998240DFE0DFCA4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kazantsev, Sergey V.;Motyka, Michal;Bocak, Ladislav	Kazantsev, Sergey V., Motyka, Michal, Bocak, Ladislav (2023): European net-winged beetles of the Pyropterus clade, with the description of Gomezzuritus gen. nov. (Coleoptera: Lycidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 888: 159-174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.888.2239, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.888.2239
577087E1432FFFAA098F2310FE5EF9D8.text	577087E1432FFFAA098F2310FE5EF9D8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gomezzuritus Kazantsev Michal Motyka & Bocak 2023	<div><p>Gomezzuritus gen. nov.</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 5D12D1EC-7B41-4216-8A7A-6717D92EF390</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Dictyopterus alternatus Fairmaire, 1856.</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>The adults of Benibotarus, Greenarus, and Gomezzuritus gen. nov. share three primary costae in each elytron and developed secondary costae. The new genus may be distinguished from Benibotarus and Greenarus by the general appearance (the elytra of Gomezzuritus are apparently more slender), erect pubescence on male antennomeres 3–11 (distinctly decumbent in Benibotarus and Greenarus), and noticeably more oval median pronotal areola (Figs 1B, 2G). More diamond-shaped/rhomboidal areolae are known in Benibotarus and Greenarus. Pyropterus has similarly wide roundish areola, but four primary costae in elytra. Additionally, Gomezzuritus differs from the other two genera in the preapically toothed median lobe of the aedeagus (Fig. 2I–K; Bocak &amp; Bocakova 1987; Kazantsev 1995, 2004).</p> <p>The larva of Gomezzuritus gen. nov., being quite similar to Pyropterus, can be distinguished by the noticeably less transverse tergite 9 (only ca 1.3 × as wide as long), the location of abdominal spiracles at a distance from the dorsal edge of the epipleurite, and the larger size of the spiracle of abdominal segment 1 compared to the spiracles of segments 2–7. In contrast, Pyropterus has the tergite 9 conspicuously transverse (ca. twice wider than long), its abdominal spiracles are located at the dorsal edge of the epipleurite, and the spiracle of the abdominal segment 1 does not noticeably surpass in size those on segments 2–7 (Bocak &amp; Matsuda 2003; Kazantsev &amp; Nikitsky 2011). The larvae are known for two species of Gomezzuritus as G. longicornis comb. nov. whose larva was recently reported (Kazantsev &amp; Zaitsev 2021) is transferred to this genus. As a result, the larva of Benibotarus remains unknown.</p> <p>Larvae of several more distant Dictyopterini genera have been described. The larva of Gomezzuritus is easily distinguishable from that of Dictyoptera by the divided tergite 9 (Kazantsev &amp; Nikitsky 2011; Motyka et al. 2022). The other known larva of Dictyopterini is Punicealis medvedevi Kazantsev, 1990. The larva was earlier reported as unidentified Dictyopterini by Levkanicova &amp; Bocak (2009). Now, with a much denser sampling of Dictyopterini, the adult was associated with earlier sequenced larva (Fig. 1A; vouchers ZL2013 and MK1061). The larva of P. medvedevi differs from Gomezzuritus and Pyropterus in a relatively slender and simply rounded pygidium, entire tergites with an incomplete fracture in the middle of the longitudinal midline, and almost straight posterior margin of the ventral cranial plate (see Levkanicova &amp; Bocak 2009).</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>The new genus is named in honour of the Spanish entomologist Jesus Gomez-Zurita Frau (Barcelona, Spain), who is a well-known molecular ecologist and specialist in leaf beetles. Gender masculine.</p> <p>Description of adult and larva</p> <p>See Description of Gomezzuritus alternatus.</p> <p>Included species</p> <p>Gomezzuritus alternatus comb. nov., G. longicornis comb. nov., and G. rubripennis comb. nov.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/577087E1432FFFAA098F2310FE5EF9D8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kazantsev, Sergey V.;Motyka, Michal;Bocak, Ladislav	Kazantsev, Sergey V., Motyka, Michal, Bocak, Ladislav (2023): European net-winged beetles of the Pyropterus clade, with the description of Gomezzuritus gen. nov. (Coleoptera: Lycidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 888: 159-174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.888.2239, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.888.2239
577087E14328FFA60AD726F5FA0FF995.text	577087E14328FFA60AD726F5FA0FF995.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gomezzuritus alternatus (Fairmaire 1856) Kazantsev Michal Motyka & Bocak 2023	<div><p>Gomezzuritus alternatus (Fairmaire, 1856) comb. nov.</p> <p>Figs 1A–B, 2–3, 4A–E</p> <p>Dictyopterus alternatus – Fairmaire 1856: 531.</p> <p>Dictyoptera alternata – Kleine 1942: 48.</p> <p>Dictyopterus decipiens – Marseul 1875: 62.</p> <p>Benibotarus alternatus – Bocak &amp; Bocakova 1987: 114.</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>The larva of Gomezzuritus alternatus is similar to that of G. longicornis reported by Kazantsev &amp; Zaitsev (2021). It differs in the darker coloration, noticeably larger alveoles of the cuticle, and more distinct, light median membrane on abdominal tergite 9 (Fig. 3).</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>SPAIN • 14 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀; Asturias, Las Agüeras, 35 km SW of Oviedo; 28 May 2022; D. Kusy, M. Motyka and L. Bocak leg.; LMBC • 4 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀, 6 larvae (various instars); Asturias, 25 km SW of Oviedo, Caranga de Abajo; 30 May 2022; D. Kusy, M. Motyka and L. Bocak leg.; LMBC • 3 ♂♂; Galicia, A Fonsagrada; 10 May 2019; A. Ocampo leg.; LMBC • 1 ♂; Cádiz, Grazalema; 10–17 May 1979; J. Jelinek leg.; NMPC • 1 spec.; Northern Spain, Curenco; Korb leg.; ZMBC (no exact data).</p> <p>PORTUGAL • 2 specs; Coimbra, Serra do Buçaco; 1924; F. Hanus leg.; NMPC • 1 spec.; Algarve, Serra de Monchique; 24 Mar. 1967; R. Constantin leg.; RCSL.</p> <p>Redescription</p> <p>Adult (male)</p> <p>BODY. Elongated, dorso-ventrally flattened (Fig 1B–C).</p> <p>HEAD. Transverse, slightly exposed from pronotum. Eyes moderately large, spherical. Labial palps short, their ultimate palpomere widened; maxillary palps slender, their ultimate palpomere elongate, almost parallel-sided, flattened distally.</p> <p>ANTENNA. 11-segmented, relatively long, slender, antennomeres only slightly flattened; pedicel (antennomere 2) subequal in length to antennomere 3 and noticeably shorter than antennomere 4 subequal and subsequent antennomeres; pubescence on antennomeres 3–11 short and erect (Figs 1B–C; 2G).</p> <p>PRONOTUM. Transverse, triangularly produced anteriorly, almost straight at sides, with complete oval median areole and solid transverse lateral carinae; posterior angles small, acute (Figs 1B–C; 2A–B).</p> <p>SCUTELLUM. Elongate, almost parallel-sided, triangularly emarginate at apex (Fig. 1B).</p> <p>WINGS. Elytra elongate, flattened, with three distinct costae on the dorsal surface, with double rows of cells in their interstices; elytral pubescence relatively short and decumbent (Figs 1B; 2D). Metathoracic wings fully developed.</p> <p>LEGS. Slender; hind trochanters relatively short, acute at posterior angles, femora and tibiae straight, subequal in length, slightly widening distally; tarsomeres 1–4 slightly widened; claws simple (Fig. 2C).</p> <p>ABDOMEN. With triangularly incised penultimate ventrite.</p> <p>Female</p> <p>Similar to male, but pubescence on antennomeres 3–11 decumbent.</p> <p>Larva (3 rd instar)</p> <p>MEASUREMENTS. Length: 12.5 mm; width (at dorsum): 2.2 mm.</p> <p>BODY. Elongate, sub-cylindrical, slightly tapering anteriorly and posteriorly. Sclerites light to dark brown, membranes yellowish white. Cuticle alveolate, with relatively large uniform alveoles (Fig. 3A–K).</p> <p>HEAD. Strongly transverse, dorsally with semi-circular anterior margin; head capsule open ventrally; lateral sclerites not fused to cranium, but approximate anteriorly, with two anterior setae; dorsal cranial plate with pair of broadly separated setae at anterior margin, pair of large setae at disk and pair of setae at fronto-lateral corners; ventral plate broad, heart-shaped, with two anterior setae near lateral margin. Stemmata absent.</p> <p>ANTENNA. Located fronto-laterally, relatively small, retractable, antennomere 1 (alternatively can be designated as an antennifer) short, circular sclerite; terminal antennomere elongate, ca 1.5 × as long as wide, with relatively large apical membranous bilobed slit and two short distal setae (Fig. 3D–F). Mandibles short, with approximate bases, relatively robust (Fig. 3B, D–F). Galea elongate, almost attaining apex of palpomere 2, basally fused with palpiger, located, with respect to palps, intero-dorsally, with several setae. Maxillary palps three-segmented; palpiger well developed, transverse, ca 1.5 × as wide as long, subequal in length to palpomeres 1 and 2 taken together, with numerous small apical and lateral setae; palpomeres 1 and 2 of approximately equal length, but palpomere 1 noticeably wider than palpomere 2; palpomere 3 conspicuously narrower than palpomere 2 and subequal in length to palpomeres 1 and 2. Labial palps minute; prementum narrow, not divided by median suture; palps twosegmented; ligula absent (Fig. 3B, D–F).</p> <p>THORAX. Thoracic terga similar to abdominal ones, with transverse sclerites divided medially into two parts by narrow membrane (Fig. 3I). Thoracic pleura consisting of two roundish sclerites, anterior epipleurite and posterior hypopleurite; in prothorax epipleurite absent, hypopleurite semi-fused to tergum. Mesothoracic epipleurite with relatively large, annular-biforous functional spiracle; metathoracic epipleurite with minute non-functional spiracle (Fig. 3A, C). Sternal sclerites small, heart-shaped, with two relatively short discal setae (Fig. 3A, C). Coxa about as long as wide; trochanter prominent, about as long and half as wide as femur. Coxa, trochanter, and femur with two relatively long setae each; tibia with numerous short setae. Claws elongate, shorter than tibiae (Fig. 3A, J).</p> <p>ABDOMEN. Abdominal terga 1–8 transverse, sub-rectangular, with rounded corners, divided medially into two parts by membrane. Tergite 9 moderately transverse, ca 1.3 × as wides as long, narrowed and rounded posteriorly, with median notch, divided medially by conspicuous light membrane, with six setae at posterior edge, two dorsally and four ventrally. Abdominal pleura consisting of two elongate sub-rectangular sclerites, larger epipleurite (more dorsal) and smaller sternopleurite (more ventral). Abdominal spiracles, present in segments 1–8, functional, annular-biforous, located in middle of dorsal half, far from dorsal edge of epipleurite; abdominal spiracle of segment 1 relatively large, like mesothoracic spiracle (Fig. 3A, C). Sternites transverse, sub-rectangular, with slightly rounded corners and pair of setae at posterior margin (Fig. 3H). Abdominal segment 10 tubular, located at ca 35° to axis of segment 9 (Fig. 3A, C, H).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>Portugal, NW Spain, and the Pyrenees (France and Spain).</p> <p>Biology</p> <p>The species is poorly represented in major European museum collections, but it is quite common in the mountain forests of Portugal (the whole country) and western and northern Spain (Galicia, Cantabria, Asturias, Basque Country, and the Pyrenees; only a few reports are known from Castile and Leon and from Madrid province; Fig. 1F; www.inaturalist.org [accessed 25 Jun. 2022]). Adults occur from late March to mid-June, commonly sitting on herb and fern leaves, flying in late afternoon or early evening hours or when disturbed (Fig. 4D). We collected most specimens in old pine forests in lower mountain elevations in the Asturias province (Fig. 4F). The larvae were collected from moist red-rotten pine wood in the place where adults were common (Fig. 4C–D). Red-rotten wood (Fig. 4C, E) was repeatedly found to be a preferred substrate, as for the larvae of the closely related Pyropterus nigroruber. Larvae of different ages aggregating in a group were found as has been observed in other lycids (Bocak &amp; Matsuda 2003).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/577087E14328FFA60AD726F5FA0FF995	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kazantsev, Sergey V.;Motyka, Michal;Bocak, Ladislav	Kazantsev, Sergey V., Motyka, Michal, Bocak, Ladislav (2023): European net-winged beetles of the Pyropterus clade, with the description of Gomezzuritus gen. nov. (Coleoptera: Lycidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 888: 159-174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.888.2239, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.888.2239
577087E14324FFA70ADC2620FE22FD7F.text	577087E14324FFA70ADC2620FE22FD7F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gomezzuritus longicornis (Reiche 1878) Kazantsev Michal Motyka & Bocak 2023	<div><p>Gomezzuritus longicornis (Reiche, 1878) comb. nov.</p> <p>Fig. 1D</p> <p>Eros longicornis – Reiche 1878: XXVII.</p> <p>Dictyopterus longicornis – Bourgeois 1882: 73.</p> <p>Dictyoptera longicornis – Kleine1942: 49.</p> <p>Pyropterus schelkovnikovi – Barovskij 1930: 615.</p> <p>Benibotarus schelkovnikovi – Bocak &amp; Bocakova 1987: 115.</p> <p>Benibotarus longicornis – Bocak &amp; Bocakova 1987: 115. — Kazantsev 1995: 38. — Kazantsev 2012a: 389.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>GEORGIA • ♂ (holotype of E. longicornis); Adjaria, Batumi (no further data); MNHP • 1 ♂ (‘ Pyropterus schelkovnikovi typ. un.’ [Barovskij’s manuscript label: “Holotype of P. schelkovnikovi ”]); Caucasus, Distr. Gori, Bakuriani; alt. 2000 m; 20 Jul. 1912; M. Kozlovskij leg.; ZIN • 1 ♂; Abkhasia, Sukhumi, Mt. Bograt, park Vira; 3 Dec. 1931; B. Rohdendorf leg.; ICM.</p> <p>RUSSIA • 3 larvae; NW Caucasus, Adygeya, Guzeripl, env. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=40.1695&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.9981" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 40.1695/lat 43.9981)">Mt Filimonova</a>; alt. 1200 m; 43.9981° N, 40.1695° E; 15 Jun. 2007; А. Zaitsev leg.; under the bark of a dead tree; ICM.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>The species is closely related to G. alternatus and transferred to Gomezzuritus. The earlier described larva of this species (Kazantsev &amp; Zaitsev 2021) was collected in Northwestern Caucasus, where no other dictyopterine taxa occur. Its similarity with G. alternatus confirms the relationships of these species.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/577087E14324FFA70ADC2620FE22FD7F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kazantsev, Sergey V.;Motyka, Michal;Bocak, Ladislav	Kazantsev, Sergey V., Motyka, Michal, Bocak, Ladislav (2023): European net-winged beetles of the Pyropterus clade, with the description of Gomezzuritus gen. nov. (Coleoptera: Lycidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 888: 159-174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.888.2239, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.888.2239
577087E14326FFA409042152F8A3FD46.text	577087E14326FFA409042152F8A3FD46.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gomezzuritus rubripes (Pic 1897) Kazantsev Michal Motyka & Bocak 2023	<div><p>Gomezzuritus rubripes (Pic, 1897) comb. nov.</p> <p>Fig. 1E</p> <p>Eros (Pyropterus) rubripes – Pic 1897: 220.</p> <p>Pyropterus rubripes Pic – Kleine 1933: 38.</p> <p>Remark</p> <p>Pyropterus rubripes is transferred from Pyropterus to Gomezzuritus based on morphological similarity.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>ALGERIA • 1 ♀ (lectotype of E. rubripes); Forêt des Beni Ghorbi; Jun. 1897; MNHP.</p> <p>MOROCCO • 1 ♂; Rif Mts, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-4.6001&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.933" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -4.6001/lat 34.933)">Bab-Berret–Ketama road</a>; alt. 1600 m; 34.933° N, 04.6001° W; 1 May 2002; J. Kalab leg.; Cedrus forest; first record from Morocco; ICM.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/577087E14326FFA409042152F8A3FD46	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kazantsev, Sergey V.;Motyka, Michal;Bocak, Ladislav	Kazantsev, Sergey V., Motyka, Michal, Bocak, Ladislav (2023): European net-winged beetles of the Pyropterus clade, with the description of Gomezzuritus gen. nov. (Coleoptera: Lycidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 888: 159-174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.888.2239, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.888.2239
