taxonID	type	description	language	source
D42E725C2520FD2BBA5FF9E6FAB4FB79.taxon	description	Considering that plant GT-specific metabolites and clerodane diterpenoids have been frequently shown to serve as defensive chemicals against herbivores, the antifeedant effects of neo - clerodane compounds 1, 3 – 8 and 11 – 12 against cotton bollworms (Helicoverpa armigera) were tested (Table 3). Consequently, compounds 3 and 8 were found to exhibit obvious antifeedant effects, with EC 50 values of 15.2 ± 1.65 and 16.8 ± 1.87 μg / cm 2, respectively (neem oil: EC 50 = 6.9 ± 0.29 μg / cm 2). Thus, it was suggested that compound 3 in the peltate GTs and diastereomers 8 a / 8 b might help the plant defend against insect herbivores. A preliminary structure-activity relationship analysis indicated a free hydroxy group at C- 6 might be important to maintain the antifeedant activity of this class of compounds. In addition, selected diterpenoids (1, 3 – 7, 11, 13 – 14) were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities. As shown in Table 4, abietane diterpenoid 14 showed significant inhibitory activity on the secretion of interleukin- 2 (IL- 2), with an IC 50 value of 8.9 μM, and interestingly displayed no obvious cytotoxicity on the proliferation of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) / phorbol 12 - myristate- 13 - acetate (PMA) - induced Jurkat cells. However, all tested compounds were inactive on the TNF-α and MCP- 1 production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) - induced RAW 264.7 cells at 40 μM. In addition, compound 14 showed obvious cytotoxicity against three cancer cell lines, NCI-H 1975, HepG 2 and MCF- 7, with IC 50 values of 15.1, 12.4, and 12.9 μM, respectively (cis - platinum: IC 50 = 18.5, 7.5 and 11.5 μM, respectively). It appeared that reduction of the Δ 15,16 double bond of the furan functionality would increase its anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity.	en	Wang, Ying, Liu, Yan-Chun, Li, Wen-Yuan, Guo, Kai, Liu, Yan, Li, Sheng-Hong (2021): Antifeedant, cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory neo-clerodane diterpenoids in the peltate glandular trichomes and fresh leaves of Ajuga forrestii. Phytochemistry (112731) 186: 1-9, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112731, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112731
