identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03C69578FFCDFFBAFDFDFCCFFBA70132.text	03C69578FFCDFFBAFDFDFCCFFBA70132.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ampharete oculicirrata Parapar & Moreira & Barnich 2019	<div><p>Ampharete oculicirrata sp. nov.</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: BE4BEBF8-5 E 0B-4 E 75-9 B 7E-1 EA 9380 B 199 B</p> <p>Figs 1–7; Table 1</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>MEASUREMENTS. Small-sized species of up to 10 mm in length and 1.0 mm in width.</p> <p>PROSTOMIUM AND PYGIDIUM. Provided each with a pair of dark eyes.</p> <p>BRANCHIAE. Arranged in two groups separated by a short gap.</p> <p>PALEAE. Thin and slender with filiform tips, 5–7 on each side; slightly longer and wider than regular thoracic notochaetae.</p> <p>THORAX AND ABDOMEN. Twelve thoracic uncinigers and 11 abdominal uncinigers without dorsal neuropodial cirrus (first two of thoracic shape).</p> <p>PYGIDIUM. Lobulated with two long lateral cirri.</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>The epithet oculicirrata from the Latin ‘ oculi ’, meaning ‘eyes’, and ‘ cirrata ’, meaning ‘in cirrus’ refers to the conspicuously pigmented eyespots laterally on the long pygidial cirri.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>Holotype</p> <p>SCOTLAND • holotype; West Shetland shelf, west of the <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-5.92&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=59.4" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -5.92/lat 59.4)">Orkneys</a>; station number 1517 S WSS 13 S 103; 59.40° N, 5.92° W; 130 m depth; 2 Nov. 2017; EtOH preserved; NMS. Z. 2019.8.1.</p> <p>Paratypes</p> <p>SCOTLAND • Eighty-one specimens; same area as for holotype but from different sampling localities; either preserved in EtOH, in the same way as the holotype, or prepared for SEM (MNCN 16.01 /18482) • 2 ♀♀ with oocytes; collection data of each sampling station and museum registration numbers for each group of paratypes are detailed in Table 1; MNCN 16.01 /18475, MNCN 16.01 /18481.</p> <p>Description of holotype (SEM images from paratypes MNCN 16.01/18482)</p> <p>MEASUREMENTS. Complete specimen of 7.5 mm length and 0.5 mm width in thorax.</p> <p>PROSTOMIUM. Trilobed; rather narrow and protruding median lobe delimited by deep lateral grooves; a pair of nuchal organs as circular ciliated spots located at the base of the median prostomial lobe; prostomial glandular ridges absent (Figs 1C, 2A, 4 A–B).</p> <p>EYES. Two small black, circular eyespots located posteriorly on median prostomial lobe next to the lateral grooves (Fig. 1A, C).</p> <p>PERISTOMIUM. Forming a well-developed buccal lip (Figs 1B, 5B, 7A).</p> <p>BUCCAL TENTACLES. Without groove, with two ventrolateral rows of long and slender pinnae (longer than tentacle diameter); tips of pinnae covered by cilia (Fig. 7B).</p> <p>BRANCHIAE. Four pairs located in fused segments II+III and arranged in two groups with a short median gap, about one branchia wide (Figs 1A, C, 4B); branchiophores fused at base (Figs 1C, 2 A–B); branchiae of same width throughout, but slightly tapering at distal end, about 3 times as long as the prostomium and 3⁄5 as long as the thorax (Figs 1A, 4 A–B), reaching about TC6 and provided with parallel ciliated rings from base to distal end (Fig. 4B). Anterior three pairs of branchiae arranged in transverse row, fourth pair posterior to anterior row, between second outermost and innermost branchiae (Fig. 1A, C). Fused segments II+III (SG2+3) provided with 5–6 long, thin and slender chaetae (paleae), slightly longer than following regular notochaetae (Figs 1 A–C, 2A–B, 4A–B).</p> <p>THORAX. Longer and wider than abdomen (Fig. 1A). Fourteen thoracic segments with notopodia and capillary chaetae (SG4 to SG17); last 12 segments also with neuropodial tori bearing single row of uncini. Nephridial papillae not observed. Thoracic notopodia as simple lobes from SG4 and up to three times longer than wide; first notopodium somewhat reduced (Figs 1 A–C, 2A–B). Notochaetae as simple spinulose capillaries, tapering to slender tips; arranged in two rows, capillaries from anterior row much thinner and shorter than those of posterior row (Fig. 2C). Thoracic neuropodia from SG6; anterior ones usually oval-shaped, about three times higher than wide (Figs 1B, 2A, D); gradually decreasing in size, becoming more rounded in posterior part of thorax (Fig. 3B). Cirri and papillae in thoracic parapodia absent. Thoracic uncini with about ten teeth in two vertical rows above rostrum (Fig. 2D). Well-developed ventral shields present to TU10, weakly developed in TU11 and absent in TU12 (Fig. 5A). Elevated or modified notopodia absent.</p> <p>ABDOMEN. Shorter and thinner than thorax. Eleven uncinigers, anterior two (AU1–2) with neuropodia of thoracic type (‘intermediate uncinigers’) (Figs 1A, 3 C–D, 5A); remaining nine abdominal uncinigers (AU3–11) with enlarged neuropodial ‘pinnules’, without dorsal neuropodial cirrus (Figs 1A, 3E, F, 5A, 7 C–D). Glandular pads above pinnules not observed in intermediate or abdominal uncinigers. Abdominal uncini of AU1–2 similar to thoracic ones (Fig. 3 B–D); following ones of typical abdominal shape, with about eight teeth in two vertical rows above rostrum (Fig. 6).</p> <p>PYGIDIUM. Crenulated due to the presence of low pygidial papillae; with a pair of long lateral cirri (Figs 1D, F, 3F, 7D), each with a pygidial eye located in the proximal third of the cirrus; eyes consisting of two dark pigmented spots (Fig. 1D, F). Fixed specimens creamy white in colour.</p> <p>STAINING. Head (prostomial tip especially) and ventral thoracic shields dyed by methyl blue.</p> <p>TUBE. Unknown.</p> <p>Variations</p> <p>Complete specimens measure 4.0–10.0 mm in length and 0.5–1.0 mm in width, although most complete specimens are about 4.0–5.0 mm long. One specimen (MNCN 16.01/18482) observed with the ventral pharyngeal organ protruded (Fig. 7A). The buccal lip may appear smooth or rough depending on the state of contraction of the buccal opening (Figs 5B vs 7A). The gap between groups of branchiae is difficult to see in many specimens, but it is obvious in the holotype (Fig. 1C) and several paratypes. Some paratypes have pygidial eyes consisting only of a single pigmented spot (Fig. 1F). Two females (MNCN 16.01/18475, 7 mm long and MNCN 16.01/18481, 10 mm long) bear oocytes in the coelomic cavity.</p> <p>Distribution and ecology</p> <p>Ampharete oculicirrata sp. nov. was found in many localities on the West Shetland shelf in offshore sand and gravel habitats at depths of between 113 and 138 m (see also Table 1).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C69578FFCDFFBAFDFDFCCFFBA70132	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Parapar, Julio;Moreira, Juan;Barnich, Ruth	Parapar, Julio, Moreira, Juan, Barnich, Ruth (2019): A new species of Ampharete (Annelida: Ampharetidae) from the West Shetland shelf (NE Atlantic Ocean), with two updated keys to the species of the genus in North Atlantic waters. European Journal of Taxonomy 531: 1-16, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2019.531
03C69578FFC4FFBCFF1CFE6CFAF407AE.text	03C69578FFC4FFBCFF1CFE6CFAF407AE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ampharete Malmgren 1866	<div><p>Key to North Atlantic species of Ampharete</p> <p>Two keys are presented below as an update to those proposed by Parapar et al. (2012) for the North Atlantic species of Ampharete sensu Jirkov (2001) and Imajima et al. (2012). The keys now consider the two morphotypes of A. lindstroemi sensu Holthe (1986) and sensu Parapar et al. (2012), and include species described recently, namely A. undecima Alvestad, Kongsrud &amp; Kongshavn, 2014; A. santillani Parapar, Kongsrud, Kongshavn, Alvestad, Aneiros &amp; Moreira, 2018 as well as the new species described herein, Ampharete oculicirrata sp. nov. Both keys complement each other and reflect the traditional (Key 1) and a more recent way of constructing Ampharete keys (Key 2). Thus, Key 1 (following Day 1967; Holthe 1986; Hartmann-Schröder 1996) relies on meristic characters such as the number of thoracic and abdominal uncinigers, the number of papillae in pygidium and the length of paleae; whereas Key 2, (following Jirkov 2001; Jirkov &amp; Leontovich 2013) emphasises other features, such as the shape of paleae, the shape of the rudimental notopodia of first two anterior abdominal uncinigers, and branchial arrangement. A synoptic table, summarising the diagnostic characters of all NE Atlantic species known prior to the new species described herein, is given in Parapar et al. (2018).</p> <p>Key 1</p> <p>1. Eleven thoracic uncinigers (TU). Small paleae present.................................................................... 2 – Twelve TU. Paleae present or absent................................................................................................ 3</p> <p>2. Twelve abdominal uncinigers (AU)......................................................... A. borealis (M. Sars, 1856) – Fifteen to eighteen AU........................................................................ A. octocirrata (M. Sars, 1835)</p> <p>3. Paleae absent............................................................................................. A. petersenae Jirkov, 1997 – Paleae present................................................................................................................................... 4</p> <p>4. Sixteen or more AU.......................................................................................................................... 5 – Fewer than sixteen AU...................................................................................................................... 6</p> <p>5. Sixteen to eighteen AU............................................................................ A. goesi (Malmgren, 1866) – Twenty-four to twenty-eight AU...................................................................... A. vega (Wirén, 1883)</p> <p>6. Thirteen AU...................................................................................... A. finmarchica (M. Sars, 1865) – Fewer than thirteen AU..................................................................................................................... 7</p> <p>7. Eleven AU......................................................................................................................................... 8 – Twelve AU........................................................................................................................................ 9</p> <p>8. Pygidium with two long cirri and several small, low papillae. Prostomium and pygidial cirri with eyes.................................................................................................. Ampharete oculicirrata sp. nov.</p> <p>– Pygidium with two short lateral cirri and several small, rounded papillae. No prostomial or pygidial eyes.............................................................. A. undecima Alvestad, Kongsrud &amp; Kongshavn, 2014</p> <p>9. Paleae shorter than distance between the two groups of branchiae............. A. falcata Eliason, 1955 – Paleae longer than distance between the two groups of branchiae................................................. 10</p> <p>10. Paleae stout and gradually but quickly tapering terminally...................................................................................................................................... A. villenai Parapar, Helgason, Jirkov &amp; Moreira, 2012</p> <p>– Paleae slender and evenly tapering..................................................................................................11</p> <p>11. Abdominal neuropodia with long dorsal cirrus..................................... A. acutifrons (Grube, 1860) – Abdominal neuropodia with short dorsal cirrus............................................................................. 12</p> <p>12. Pygidium with two long cirri and several long papillae............................... A. baltica Eliason, 1955 – Pygidium with two long cirri and several small papillae............................................................... 13</p> <p>13. Paleae long, widely surpassing the prostomium................................................................................................................................ A. lindstroemi Malmgren in Hessle, 1917 sensu Parapar et al. (2012)</p> <p>– Paleae short, not surpassing the prostomium.................................................................................. 14</p> <p>14. Pygidial cirri with eyes; without dorsal neuropodial cirrus in posterior abdominal segments.......................................................... A. lindstroemi Malmgren in Hessle, 1917 sensu Holthe (1986)</p> <p>– Pygidial cirri without eyes; with a short dorsal neuropodial cirrus in posterior abdominal segments......................................................................................... A. santillani Parapar et al., 2018</p> <p>Key 2</p> <p>1. Paleae stout....................................................................................................................................... 2 – Paleae absent or if present, slender and evenly tapering to long filiform tips.................................. 4</p> <p>2. Paleae gradually but quickly tapering to comparatively long filiform tips (rarely missing)........................................................ A. villenai Parapar, Helgason, Jirkov &amp; Moreira, 2012</p> <p>– Paleae abruptly tapering to very short filiform tips (usually missing).............................................. 3</p> <p>3. Thirteen abdominal uncinigers (AU)................................................ A. finmarchica (M. Sars, 1865) – Sixteen to eighteen AU............................................................................ A. goesi (Malmgren, 1866)</p> <p>4. Rudimental notopodia of first two AU enlarged............................................................................... 5 – All rudimental notopodia of similar size.......................................................................................... 6</p> <p>5. Gap between branchial groups as wide as width of group, 12 AU.............. A. falcata Eliason, 1955 – Gap between branchial groups narrow or absent. 24–28 AU.......................... A. vega (Wirén, 1883)</p> <p>6. Paleae at least twice as long or wide as the most developed notochaetae........................................ 7 – Paleae delicate, only slightly longer than the following notochaetae or absent..............................11</p> <p>7. AU with long cirrus............................................................................... A. acutifrons (Grube, 1860) – AU cirrus (if present) short............................................................................................................... 8</p> <p>8. Pygidium with two long cirri and several short papillae.................................................................. 9 – Pygidium with two long cirri and several long papillae............................... A. baltica Eliason, 1955</p> <p>9. Pygidial cirri with a pair of eyes..... A. lindstroemi Malmgren in Hessle, 1917 sensu Holthe (1986) – Pygidial cirri without eyes................................................................................................................ 0</p> <p>10. Paleae short and stout, not surpassing anterior margin of prostomium...................................................................................................................................................... A. santillani Parapar et al., 2018</p> <p>– Paleae long and slender, clearly surpassing prostomium................................................................................................................... A. lindstroemi Malmgren in Hessle, 1917 sensu Parapar et al. (2012)</p> <p>11. Paleae absent; 12 thoracic uncinigers (TU).............................................. A. petersenae Jirkov, 1997 – Paleae delicate, only slightly longer than the following notochaetae............................................. 12</p> <p>12. Eleven TU....................................................................................................................................... 13 – Twelve TU...................................................................................................................................... 14</p> <p>13. Prostomium and pygidial cirri with eyes......................................... Ampharete oculicirrata sp. nov. – No prostomial or pygidial eyes.................... A. undecima Alvestad, Kongsrud &amp; Kongshavn, 2014</p> <p>14. Three branchiae in each group arranged in line and fourth branchia posterior to this row........................................................................................................... A. borealis (M. Sars, 1856)</p> <p>– All four branchiae in each group arranged in line.............................. A. octocirrata (M. Sars, 1835)</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C69578FFC4FFBCFF1CFE6CFAF407AE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Parapar, Julio;Moreira, Juan;Barnich, Ruth	Parapar, Julio, Moreira, Juan, Barnich, Ruth (2019): A new species of Ampharete (Annelida: Ampharetidae) from the West Shetland shelf (NE Atlantic Ocean), with two updated keys to the species of the genus in North Atlantic waters. European Journal of Taxonomy 531: 1-16, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2019.531
