identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
C54F7001185B5D11AAE3F4C4918B1839.text	C54F7001185B5D11AAE3F4C4918B1839.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zorotypus komatsui Matsumura, Maruyama, Ntonifor & Beutel 2023	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Zorotypus komatsui Matsumura, Maruyama, Ntonifor &amp; Beutel sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 1, 2, 3, 4</p>
            <p> Zorotypus sp. 1 cameroon YK2: Matsumura et al. 2020: 352. </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype. Cameroon: apterous male, South-west region, Nyasoso, Mt Kupe, 4°50'12.5"N, 9°41'21.7"E, 16.v.2015, coll. Takashi Komatsu (depository number/ SEHU48817-48818, parts of antennae mounted on another glass slide). The male was found under a rock which is unusual for  Zoraptera (see Remarks for detail). </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>Males can be easily distinguished from those of other zorapteran species from Africa by the prominently developed projections on Tx and Txi and two pairs of sensilla basiconica on Tx. The following features should be added to the diagnosis: (1) eye spots absent in apterous males; (2) antennomere ii shorter than antennomere iii; (3) posterior metafemural surface covered with seven stout spiniform bristles, two of which are distantly located on middle region and longer, and the rest arranged evenly on the proximal portion; and (4) metatibia with three stout spiniform bristles, two of them inserted apically.</p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Apterous male.</p>
            <p>Measurements. N = 1. Total body length: 2.42 mm, head width 0.50 mm, head length 0.47 mm, antennal length 1.26 mm, pronotal length 0.38 mm, metafemural length 0.68 mm, metatibial length 0.79 mm, abdominal maximum width 0.49 mm, length of cerci 0.11 mm.</p>
            <p>Color. Coloration light brown except for membranous regions and less pigmented cerci, antennae, and legs (Fig. 1). The holotype was processed with Proteinase K (Qiagen, Tokyo, Japan) and the body consequently less pigmented than in a natural condition.</p>
            <p>Head (Figs 1, 2A). Head subtriangular, without black eye spots (Figs 1, 2A); ocelli absent; cephalic chaetotaxy as in Fig. 2A; relatively long sinuate setae densely arranged on vertex, referred to as fontanelle (e.g., Delamare-Deboutteville 1951; van Ryn-Tournel 1971) (Fig. 2A). Antennae 9-segmented; antennomere i slightly curved outward, longer than wide; antennomere ii short, about 1/3 as long as antennomere i, longer than antennomere iii (Fig. 1B); antennomeres iv-ix cylindrical and longer than wide, about 2.2 times as long as antennomere ii. Labial palps three-segmented.</p>
            <p>Thorax (Figs 1, 2B). Pronotum trapezoid. Mesonotum trapezoid, as long as pronotum. Metanotum trapezoid, distinctly wider than long, shorter than mesonotum. Thoracic setation as in Fig. 2B. Legs covered with short and moderately long setae; tarsi 2-segmented and covered with moderately long setae, with small unguitractor plate apically and pair of claws; posterior and ventral profemoral surfaces with moderately long setae; protibia with moderately long setae, and bristles arranged as comb on distal two-thirds along ventral surface; anterior and ventral mesofemural surfaces with moderately long setae; mesotibia with vestiture of moderately long setae and two apical spurs; metafemur broader than profemur, wider proximally than distally; ventral metafemural surface covered with moderately long setae; posterior surfaces with seven stout spiniform bristles, two on middle region, rest evenly distributed distally and longer than central ones (Fig. 1C); metatibia with moderately long setae and three stout spiniform bristles, two of them inserted apically (Fig. 1C).</p>
            <p>Abdomen (Figs 1, 2C, 3, 4). Chaetotaxy of abdominal tergites and sternites as in Fig. 2C. Abdominal tergum 1 (Ti) with single transverse row of short setae; Tii-vi with two transverse rows of short setae and additional setae of moderate length; Tvii with three transverse rows of moderately long setae; posterior two-thirds of Tviii covered with moderately long setae and several long setae along posterior edge; Tix trapezoidal, posteriorly narrow, with row of long setae along posterior edge; Tx with two pairs of sensilla basiconica (Fig. 2C), medially heavily sclerotized and continuing as bifurcated projection (Fig. 3); Txi partially sclerotized but partially semimembranous, with sclerotized median projection originating from left side (Fig. 3D-E '). Projections on Tx and Txi very large, superficially resembling asymmetric male genitalia; projection on Tx bifurcated, fork-like; projection on Txi triangular, with horn on dorsal side (Fig. 3E asterisk). Cerci unsegmented, conical with numerous short setae and several long and fine setae. Si scarcely sclerotized; Sii laterally weakly sclerotized; Siii with transverse row of short setae along posterior margin; Siv with two transverse rows of short setae and additionally setae of moderate length; Sv-vii with three transverse rows of short setae and setae of moderate length; Sviii wider than long, with moderately long setae evenly distributed except for anterior and middle regions; posterior margin bifurcated, tips bent dorsad (Fig. 3C, C '). Genitalia with six inconspicuous sclerites (Fig. 4, the largest sclerite with microstructures [Fig. 4, black arrowhead] and pointed protuberance [Fig. 4, white arrowheads]), one globular less sclerotized structure (Fig. 4, white arrows) and two membranous projections (Fig. 4, asterisks); highly reduced, almost vestigial (Fig. 4).</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Cameroon, South-west region, Nyasoso, Mt Kupe.</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p>The habitat of the individual we obtained was unusual for a zorapteran species. The male was found under a rock ca 30 cm long and half embedded in soil. Furthermore, the rock was located in an open relatively dry area. The collector of the specimen T. Komatsu and one of the authors (MM) tried intensively to find zorapterans in rain forests nearby, but no additional individual was found.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C54F7001185B5D11AAE3F4C4918B1839	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Matsumura, Yoko;Maruyama, Munetoshi;Ntonifor, Nelson N.;Beutel, Rolf G.	Matsumura, Yoko, Maruyama, Munetoshi, Ntonifor, Nelson N., Beutel, Rolf G. (2023): A new species of Zoraptera, Zorotypus komatsui sp. nov. from Cameroon and a redescription of Zorotypus vinsoni Paulian, 1951 (Polyneoptera, Zoraptera). ZooKeys 1178: 39-59, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1178.108276, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1178.108276
96C2CAD0D7E655B381FE6E3396D9253D.text	96C2CAD0D7E655B381FE6E3396D9253D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zorotypus vinsoni Paulian 1951	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Zorotypus vinsoni Paulian, 1951</p>
            <p>Figs 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10</p>
            <p> Zorotypus vinsoni : Paulian 1951: 34. </p>
            <p> Zorotypus vinsoni : Hubbard 1990: 57. </p>
            <p> Zorotypus vinsoni :  Kočárek et al. 2020: 51. </p>
            <p>Type locality.</p>
            <p>Types were not explicitly designated by Paulian (1951), but the author described the species based on specimens collected from Maccabean forest (alt. 600 m) on Mauritius island.</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>  Madagascar: three apterous males, three apterous females, one alata female, near  Aventure trail, Andasibe NP., 18°93'60"S, 48°41'90"E, 920 m., 5.iv.2019, coll. P.  Jałoszyński (depository number of slide-mounted specimens/ SEHU48819-48822)  . </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p> According to Paulian (1951), this species can be distinguished from  Z. delamarei only by male genitalic morphology which is characterized as follows: (1) asymmetrical; (2) left valve strongly sclerotized, abruptly bent at nearly right angle, with bifurcated apex (left branch anterolaterally expanded and shorter than right one); (3) right valve composed of two sclerites (i and ii); (4) sclerite ii less stout and bifurcated (left branch twisted apically and with basal blade-like projection, right branch curved and pointed); (5) sclerite i located close to curved and pointed branch of sclerite ii. The following features should also be added to the diagnosis: (6) eye spots absent in apterous males; (7) antennomere ii as long as antennomere iii; (8) posterior metafemural surface covered with eight to nine stout spiniform bristles, first and second long and inserted on proximal to middle region, other bristles shorter and evenly distributed on proximal area; and (9) metatibia with three to four stout spiniform bristles, two of them inserted in middle region. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Apterous male.</p>
            <p>Measurements. N = 2. Total body length: 2.58-3.25 mm, head width 0.53-0.54 mm, head length 0.43-0.46 mm, antennal length 1.36-1.53 mm, pronotal length 0.45-0.47 mm, metafemoral length 0.75 mm, metatibial length 0.77 mm, abdominal maximum width 0.62-0.66 mm, length of cerci 0.13 mm.</p>
            <p>Color. Coloration light brown except for whitish membranous regions and less pigmented cerci, antennae, and legs (Fig. 5).</p>
            <p>Head (Figs 5, 6A). Head subtriangular, slightly wider than pronotum, without black eye spots (Fig. 5D); ocelli absent; cephalic chaetotaxy as in Fig. 6A; short setae arranged in dense, oval group on vertex, referred to as fontanelle (e.g. Delamare-Deboutteville 1951; van Ryn-Tournel 1971) (Figs 5D, 6A), with pore between them (possibly gland opening). Antennae 9-segmented, with distal three or four antennomeres less pigmented than others (Fig. 5F); antennomere i slightly curved outward, longer than wide; antennomere ii short, about half as long as antennomere i, equal to antennomere iii; antennomere iv slightly longer than antennomeres ii and iii, antennomeres v-ix longer than wide (Fig. 5F). Left mandible with five apical teeth and well-developed molar region and prostheca on ventral surface (black arrow in Fig. 5I); right mandible with four apical teeth and well-developed molar region but without prostheca. Maxillae with distinctly separated lacinia and galea, both with densely arranged setae on distal part; maxillary palps five-segmented (Fig. 5G). Labial palps three-segmented (Fig. 5C).</p>
            <p>Thorax (Figs 5, 6B). Pronotum trapezoid, slightly narrowed posteriorly; pro-sternum with peg-like anterolateral protuberances (Fig. 5C). Mesonotum trapezoid, slightly shorter than pronotum. Metanotum trapezoid, distinctly wider than long, shorter than mesonotum. Thoracic setation as in Fig. 6B. Legs covered with short and moderately long setae; tarsi 2-segmented with small unguitractor plate and hooked claws; ventral and posterior profemoral surfaces covered with short setae; protibia with short setae and bristles arranged as antenna cleaning organ on proximal two-thirds along ventral surface; mesotibia with vestiture of moderately long setae and two apical spurs; metafemur broader than pro- and mesofemora, wider proximally than distally; ventral surface evenly covered with moderately long setae; posterior surface with eight to nine stout spiniform bristles (Fig. 5H), first and second long and inserted on proximal to middle region, other bristles shorter and evenly distributed on distal area; metatibia with moderately long setae and three to four stout spiniform bristles.</p>
            <p>Abdomen (Figs 5, 6C, 7). Abdominal tergite 1 (Ti) with single transverse row of short setae, and few small setae laterally (Fig. 6C); Tii-vii with two transverse rows of short setae and additionally setae of moderate length, and pair of long erect setae inserted at posterior corner; Tviii medially sclerotized, with posterior projection and two transverse rows of short setae and setae of moderate length (Fig. 6C, E); Tix short and medially sclerotized, with transverse row of short setae and setae of moderate length; Tx + xi not visible externally, medially sclerotized, with anterior curved projection; with transverse row of setae of moderate length and with lateral ends enclosing cerci (Fig. 6C, E). Cerci unsegmented, conical, with one subapical long seta, few relatively long subapical setae, and numerous short and fine setae. Si scarcely sclerotized; Sii evenly sclerotized and with pair of setae; Siii with transverse row of short setae along posterior margin; Siv-v with two transverse rows of short setae and setae of moderate length; Svi with three transverse rows of short setae and setae of moderate length; posterior two-thirds of Svii with evenly distributed short and moderately long setae; Sviii semicircular with slightly asymmetric posterior margin, often folded and invisible (Fig. 6D), posterior margin with densely arranged longer setae. Genitalia asymmetrical (Figs 5J-L, 7); left valve strongly sclerotized, abruptly bent at nearly right angle, with bifurcated apex (left branch anterolaterally expanded and shorter than right one); right valve composed of two sclerites (i and ii in Fig. 7), sclerite ii less stout and bifurcated (left branch twisted apically and with basal blade-like projection, right branch curved and pointed); sclerite i located close to curved and pointed branch of sclerite ii.</p>
            <p>Apterous female (Figs 8, 9).</p>
            <p>Measurements. N = 2. Total body length: 2.82-3.00 mm, head width 0.57-0.60 mm, head length 0.38-0.55, antenna length 1.62-1.65 mm, pronotal length 0.44-0.51 mm, metafemoral length 0.76-0.80 mm, metatibial length 0.70-0.76, abdominal maximum width 0.67-0.79 mm, length of cerci 0.12-0.15 mm.</p>
            <p>Morphology. Similar to apterous male. Oval group of setae on vertex with pore between them absent (Figs 8A, 9A). Setae on abdominal tergites generally longer and lateral tergal regions setose; Tviii uniformly sclerotized, with transverse row of long setae (Fig. 9C); Tix only posteriorly sclerotized, with setae of moderate length (Fig. 9C); Tx uniformly sclerotized (Fig. 9C). Si only slightly sclerotized; Sii with short setae laterally; posterior margin of Sviii membranous, with more or less evenly distributed moderately short setae.</p>
            <p>Alata female (Fig. 8E, G).</p>
            <p>Morphology. Similar to apterous female. Darker brown in coloration. Compound eyes and three black ocelli present. Scuto-scutellar suture distinctly visible on mesonotum and metanotum (Fig. 8G).</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Andasibe on Madagascar (newly found record here), Maccabean forest (alt. 600 m) in Mauritius island. Under bark.</p>
            <p>Variation</p>
            <p>(Figs 5H, 7J, 10). In two cases with one or two additional slender spiniform bristles on metatibia.</p>
            <p>Validity of the species identification.</p>
            <p> Until we obtained specimens of  Z. vinsoni from Madagascar, the presence of  Z. vinsoni was reported only from Mauritius island (Paulian 1951). In contrast,  Z. delamarei Paulian, 1949 was known from Madagascar (Paulian 1949;  Kočárek et al. 2020). According to Paulian (1951),  Z. delamarei and  Z. vinsoni are only distinguishable by male genitalic morphology. Our observations clearly suggest that the genitalic morphology of our study samples from Madagascar matches the documentation of the male genitalia in  Z. vinsoni in Paulian (1951, fig. 3). Therefore, we consider that our identification should be justified, although we have not been able to get access to original research materials used by Paulian (1949, 1951). </p>
            <p> The collection site of our study samples of  Z. vinsoni is about 85 km west of the third locality of specimens of  Z. delamarei used in Paulian (1949). The three locations in the northern half of Madagascar where his samples were collected are listed below: </p>
            <p>10 km S.E. Ambanja, in bast fibres, on the road of Haut-Sambirano.</p>
            <p>Forest of Ambohitantely, 140 km. N.NW. of Tananarive, in small, slightly degraded grove of trees.</p>
            <p>Forest of la Mandraka, 80 km. W. of Tananarive, in degraded forest.</p>
            <p> The samples of  Z. delamareii used in  Kočárek et al. (2020) were collected nearby (less than 50 km from our sample collection site) from the following localities (P.  Kočárek , pers. comm.): </p>
            <p> Central Madagascar Andasibe-Mantadia NP., Mantadia, circuit  „Eulophia“ , 22-23.i.2017, 18°48'16"S, 48°25'43"E, 958 m, coll. P.  Baňař (collected with an interceptor trap). </p>
            <p> Central Madagascar Andasibe-Mantadia NP., Mantadia, end of circuit  „Eulophia“ , 22.i.2017, 18°79'87"S, 48°42'78"E, 970 m, coll. P.  Janšta (collected from dead trunk over a stream). </p>
            <p> Central Madagascar Andasibe-Mantadia NP., Mantadia circuit  „Eulophia“ , 22.i.2017, 970 m, 18°80'37"S-18°79'87"S, 48°42'92"E-48°42'78"E, coll. P.  Janšta . </p>
            <p>Considering the hitherto known localities, these two closely related species could occur either parapatrically or sympatrically in Madagascar.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/96C2CAD0D7E655B381FE6E3396D9253D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Matsumura, Yoko;Maruyama, Munetoshi;Ntonifor, Nelson N.;Beutel, Rolf G.	Matsumura, Yoko, Maruyama, Munetoshi, Ntonifor, Nelson N., Beutel, Rolf G. (2023): A new species of Zoraptera, Zorotypus komatsui sp. nov. from Cameroon and a redescription of Zorotypus vinsoni Paulian, 1951 (Polyneoptera, Zoraptera). ZooKeys 1178: 39-59, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1178.108276, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1178.108276
