identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03D88786FFA88B7EFF12FEDCFA36F260.text	03D88786FFA88B7EFF12FEDCFA36F260.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stasimopus Simon 1892	<div><p>Genus Stasimopus Simon 1892</p> <p>Simon 1892: 82; Pocock 1897: 726–728; Hewitt 1915b: 75–85; Roewer 1942: 159; Raven 1985: 143–144; Dippenaar-Schoeman 2002: 31–38; Engelbrecht and Prendini 2012: 8.</p> <p>Type species: Stasimopus caffrus (Koch 1842).</p> <p>Diagnosis: The family Stasimopidae is monogeneric (Opatova et al. 2020. The characters for distinguishing this genus thus applies to the family. The family differs from other Ctenizid-like taxa based on the following suite of characteristics based on Raven (1985): The tibia of leg III lacking a saddle-like excavation, the ocelli is twice as wide as it is long and the anterior lobe of the maxillae is anteriorly produced (Engelbrecht &amp; Prendini 2012; Opatova et al. 2020).</p> <p>Description:</p> <p>General: Medium to large bodied spiders (22–42 mm) (Dippenaar-Schoeman 2002).</p> <p>Carapace: Cephalic region dome shaped with procurved fovea (Dippenaar-Schoeman 2002). In S. filmeri, the fovea forms into horn-like protrusion (Engelbrecht &amp; Prendini 2012).</p> <p>Ocelli: The eyes occur in single cluster on forefront of cephalic region and eyes arranged in two transverse rows (Dippenaar-Schoeman 2002; Pocock 1897). Posterior row wider than anterior row (Dippenaar-Schoeman 2002; Raven 1985).</p> <p>Chelicerae: Distinct rastellum with thick spines, as well as cheliceral furrow with two rows of teeth (Dippenaar-Schoeman 2002).</p> <p>Sternum, labium and maxillae: The sternum has single pair of sigilla present. Sigilla are situated opposite III coxa (Dippenaar-Schoeman 2002; Pocock 1897). In some male species sigilla are fused at anterior end, forming an arrow-like shape. Labium cuspules present in females and bare in males (Dippenaar-Schoeman 2002). Maxilla has longer process only at distal end forming a long cone (Pocock 1897; Raven 1985). Maxilla has few basal teeth present (Pocock 1897).</p> <p>Abdomen: Varies in colour. Four spinnerets. Posterior spinnerets have domed apical segments (Dippenaar-Schoeman 2002).</p> <p>Pedipalps: Male bulb is simple pyriform (Dippenaar-Schoeman 2002).</p> <p>Legs: Female legs are short and stocky. Three tarsal claws present, the paired claw with one large tooth and two smaller teeth below, third claw is untoothed (Dippenaar-Schoeman 2002). Distal segments of leg I and II densely spined (Dippenaar-Schoeman 2002). Males have long slender legs.</p> <p>Spermathecae: Multilobular (Dippenaar-Schoeman 2002).</p> <p>Distribution: The genus is currently recorded from Lesotho and South Africa, in all provinces except Limpopo. It is an endemic to the Afrotropical region.</p> <p>Included taxa: In this paper, nine new species are described and a description of a S. maraisi male. This increases the number of species in the genus to 56, with 23 of them found in the Karoo region.</p> <p>Key to adult females of five Stasimopus species in the Karoo region</p> <p>1. Tuft of spines present ventrally on metatarsus III (Fig 20E).................................................... 2</p> <p>- Tuft of spines not present ventrally on metatarsus III......................................................... 3</p> <p>2. Patch of spinules on metatarsus I extends ½ the segment length (Fig 20A)........................ S. hamartia sp. nov.</p> <p>- Patch of spinules on metatarsus I extends ¼ the segment length (Fig 38A).................... S. venterstadensis sp. nov.</p> <p>3. Chelicera with extremely dense denticles (&gt;45) (Fig 34C)........................................ S. theaei sp. nov.</p> <p>- Chelicera with few denticles (&lt;15) (Fig 23C)............................................................... 4</p> <p>4. Metatarsus III with&gt;26 spines in each row dorsally (Fig 24C)...................................... S. ignis sp. nov.</p> <p>- Metatarsus III with &lt;21 spines in each row dorsally (Fig 31E)...................................... S. teras sp. nov.</p> <p>Key to adult males of six Stasimopus species in the Karoo region*</p> <p>* S. hamartia not included due to damaged state.</p> <p>1. The largest eye is the AME (Fig 11D)..................................................................... 2</p> <p>- The largest eye is the ALE (Fig 11B)...................................................................... 3</p> <p>2. Embolus extends posteriorly in relation to pedipalp tibia (Fig 29B)............................ S. malesociatus sp. nov.</p> <p>- Embolus extends perpendicularly in relation to pedipalp tibia (Fig 27A).......................... S. karooensis sp. nov.</p> <p>3. Pedipalp reaches &lt;1/5 of tibia I length..................................................................... 4</p> <p>- Pedipalp reaches&gt;1/3 of tibia I length..................................................................... 5</p> <p>4. The carapace is smooth in texture (Fig 7D)................................................... S. maraisi sp. nov.</p> <p>- The carapace is rugose in texture (Fig 5B)...................................................... S. finni sp. nov.</p> <p>5. Embolus extends almost parallel in relation to pedipalp tibia (Fig 10B).............................. S. dylani sp. nov.</p> <p>- Embolus extends distally in relation to pedipalp tibia (Fig 25B)..................................... S. ignis sp. nov.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D88786FFA88B7EFF12FEDCFA36F260	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brandt, Shannon;Sole, Catherine;Lyle, Robin	Brandt, Shannon, Sole, Catherine, Lyle, Robin (2023): An integrative taxonomy of the genus Stasimopus Simon 1892 (Araneae: Mygalomorphae) of the Karoo with the description of nine new species and a Stasimopus maraisi Hewitt 1914 male. Zootaxa 5341 (1): 1-60, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5341.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5341.1.1
03D88786FFB48B7BFF12FD75FE59F266.text	03D88786FFB48B7BFF12FD75FE59F266.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stasimopus dylani Brandt & Sole & Lyle 2023	<div><p>Stasimopus dylani sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 3B, 5A; 8, 9, 10, 11A)</p> <p>Type material: Holotype Ô SOUTH AFRICA: Western Cape Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.731&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-31.8884" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.731/lat -31.8884)">Murraysburg</a> (-31.8884, 23.7310), 21.v.2018, S. Brandt, C. Sole, E. Engelbrecht and E. Brand, (NCA 2019/663). Paratypes. Same data, 21.v.2018, 1Ô (NCA 2019/664); Eastern cape Province: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.1958&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.0423" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.1958/lat -33.0423)">Jansenville</a> (-32.8772, 24.4952), 17.vii.2015, I. Engelbrecht and D. Kambas, 4ÔÔ (NCA 2019/697, NCA 2019/698, NCA 2019/699, NCA 2019/702), Willowmore (-33.0423, 23.1958), 15.v.2018, S. Brandt, C. Sole, E. Engelbrecht and E. Brand, 1♀ juv. (NCA 2019/676).</p> <p>Etymology: This species is a patronym in recognition of Dylan Cecil Brandt, for his unending support and encouragement of the first author during her postgraduate studies.</p> <p>Diagnosis: The males of S. dylani sp. nov. are distinguishable from other members of the genus occurring in the Karoo based on the following combination of characters. Differentiated from S. astutus, S. erythrognathus, S. malesociatus sp. nov., S. patersonae, S. steynsbergensis, S. karooensis sp. nov. and S. mandelai based on the pedipalp not extending beyond the tarsus of leg I. It is distinguished from S. palpiger by the pedipalp that is longer than leg I, which is not the case with S. dylani sp. nov. The species can be distinguished from S. schrieneri, S. ignis sp. nov., S. finni sp. nov. and S. maraisi based on the largest eye, which in these species is the ALE, whereas in S. dylani sp. nov. it is the AME.</p> <p>Description: Based on the holotype Ô (NCA 2019/663) and paratypes 5Ô (NCA 2019/664, NCA 2019/697, NCA 2019/698, NCA 2019/699, NCA 2019/702).</p> <p>Remarks: ♀: Known only from males.</p> <p>General: Ô: (Fig 5A) Medium bodied spiders, ranging between 10.68–13.03 (13.03) total length.</p> <p>Carapace: Ô: Carapace length 4.78–6.28 (6.28); width 4.42–5.74 (5.74). Black colouration, thoracic region with rugose texture. The fovea strongly procurved, between 1.00–1.38 (1.11) in length.</p> <p>Ocelli: Ô: (Fig 11A, Fig 3B) AME diameter 0.26–0.28 (0.28), PME diameter 0.16–0.20 (0.19), MOQ anterior width 1.30–1.67 (1.67), MOQ posterior width 1.72–2.09 (2.05); AME-AME 0.25, AME-ALE 0.15, ALE-ALE 1.08, PME-PME 1.02, PME-PLE 0.16, PLE-PLE 1.62. AER arrangement slightly recurved, PER recurved.</p> <p>Chelicerae: Ô: (Fig 8B) Two teeth rows present, 4 teeth in proventral row, 5 teeth in retroventral row; 12 cuspules in between.</p> <p>Sternum, labium and maxillae: Ô: (Fig 8A) Sternum length 2.27–3.48 (3.48); sternum width 2.47–3.05 (3.05). Sternum shape has distinct impressions of where the coxa are situated. Sigilla in the shape of a fused arrow, distal end fused, proximal end 1.06–1.45 (1.12) apart; cuspules absent on labium and maxilla.</p> <p>Abdomen: Ô: (Fig 5A) Abdomen length 5.56–6.75 (6.75); width 3.45–4.63 (4.63). Colour, do - dark grey, v - and laterally beige.</p> <p>Pedipalps: Ô: (Fig 10A, B) Total length 19.01; Segment lengths 1.77, 6.41, 4.82, -,6.02. Spination: spines absent. Bulb compact, embolus elongated, tapering into sharp point, extending downwards, almost parallel to tibia.</p> <p>Legs: Ô: Length order: I, IV, II, III. I Total length 22.94; Segment lengths 7.07, 3.23, 4.86, 5.62, 2.16; Spination: spines absent on femur and patella, with sparse setae. Tibia v - 19 large spines (extending pl &amp; rl), covering only distal half. Metatarsus (Fig 10C) pl - 19 large spines extending v, 21 large spines rl (slightly v). Tarsus (Fig 10C) pl - 4 spines, rl - 4 spines, v - scopulate. II Total length 20.88; Segment lengths 6.42, 2.86, 4.32, 5.21, 2.07; Spination: spines absent on femur and patella, with sparse setae. Tibia v - 5–7 spines distally. Metatarsus pl - 12–13 large spines extending v, rl - 10–11 large spines extending v. Tarsus pl - 4 spines, rl- 3–4 spines, v - scopulate. III Total length 16.45; Segment lengths 4.64, 2.26, 2.55, 4.35, 2.66; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella, do (slightly pl)- 7 small spines. Tibia (Fig 10F), do - Distally dense patch of spines (approx. 25), extend to metatarsus. Metatarsus (Fig 10D), pl - 11 spines, do - small patch of spines proximally (approx. 15) connecting to tibia, rl - 3 spines, v - 5 spines. Tarsus (Fig 10D) pl - 8 spines, rl - 7 spines. IV Total length 22.85; Segment lengths 5.32, 2.65, 4.50, 7.42, 2.96; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella (Fig 10G), do - short red spines proximally, less dense distally, interspersed with black setae. Tibia short black setae. Metatarsus (Fig 10E) pl - 5 spines, rl - 6 spines. Tarsus (Fig 10E) pl - 10 spines, rl - 9 spines.</p> <p>Distribution and environment notes:</p> <p>The species is found in the localities indicated in Figure 9. The species appears to have a broader distribution in the Western and Eastern Cape provinces of South Africa. The areas typically had sandy soils. The juvenile female was collected from a flat pan. All the males were collected while they were crossing quite roads. The SUOJ locality had no rain on the day collected, but a slight drizzle did occur after collection, whereas the males from FRE were collected after very heavy rain.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D88786FFB48B7BFF12FD75FE59F266	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brandt, Shannon;Sole, Catherine;Lyle, Robin	Brandt, Shannon, Sole, Catherine, Lyle, Robin (2023): An integrative taxonomy of the genus Stasimopus Simon 1892 (Araneae: Mygalomorphae) of the Karoo with the description of nine new species and a Stasimopus maraisi Hewitt 1914 male. Zootaxa 5341 (1): 1-60, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5341.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5341.1.1
03D88786FFB18B76FF12FD7AFA2AF457.text	03D88786FFB18B76FF12FD7AFA2AF457.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stasimopus finni Brandt & Sole & Lyle 2023	<div><p>Stasimopus finni sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 5B, 11B, 13A, 14, 15)</p> <p>Type material: Holotype Ô SOUTH AFRICA: Eastern Cape Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=25.6612&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.9386" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 25.6612/lat -32.9386)">Somerset East</a> (-32.9386, 25.6612), 14.v.2018, S. Brandt, C. Sole, E. Engelbrecht and E. Brand, (NCA 2019/605).</p> <p>Etymology: The specific epithet is patronym in honour of Finn Robert Pirk the son of the third author, who loves all creepy crawlies.</p> <p>Diagnosis: The males of S. finni sp. nov. are distinguishable from other members of the genus occurring in the Karoo based on the following combination of characters. It is differentiated from S. astutus, S. erythrognathus, S. malesociatus sp. nov., S. patersonae, S. steynsbergensis, S. karooensis sp. nov. and S. mandelai based on the pedipalp not reaching the tarsus of leg I. Distinguished from S. palpiger as the pedipalp is longer than leg I, which S. finni sp. nov. is not. The species has denser cheliceral denticles (&gt;11) than S. schrieneri (&lt;5), S. ignis sp. nov. (&lt;5) and S. maraisi (&lt;10). Stasimopus finni sp. nov. is in general more spinose on the legs than S. dylani sp. nov. (Tibia of leg I and IV).</p> <p>Description: Based on the holotype Ô (NCA 2019/605).</p> <p>Remarks: Ô: The left AME is reduced in size, making some eye measurements unreliable. ♀: Known only from the type male.</p> <p>General: Ô: (Fig 5B) Medium bodied spider, 10.84 total length.</p> <p>Carapace: Ô: Carapace length 4.76; width 4.05. Deep red-brown colouration, thoracic region with rugose texture. Fovea procurved, 0.81 in length.</p> <p>Ocelli: Ô: (Fig 11B) AME diameter 0.14, PME diameter 0.19, MOQ anterior width 1.22 (may not be accurate due to deformity), MOQ posterior width 1.71; AME-AME 0.31 (may not be accurate due to deformity)., AME-ALE 0.10, ALE-ALE 0.65, PME-PME 0.79, PME-PLE 0.16, PLE-PLE 1.14. AER procurved, PER recurved.</p> <p>Chelicerae: Ô: (Fig 13A) Two teeth rows present, 4 teeth proventral row, 4 in retroventral row; 11–13 cuspules between rows.</p> <p>Sternum, labium and maxillae: Ô: (Fig 14C) Sternum length 2.66; sternum width 2.19. Sternum shape has distinct impressions of where the coxa are situated. Sigilla in the shape of a fused arrow, distal end fused, proximal end 0.69 apart; cuspules on labium absent; maxilla absent.</p> <p>Abdomen: Ô: (Fig 5B) Abdomen length 6.08; width 4.30. Pale beige colouration with dark grey banding, smaller band near carapace, followed by broader and wider band, then a narrower band, lastly two shorter bands next to one another.</p> <p>Pedipalps: Ô: (Fig 14A, B) Total length 16.03; Segment lengths 1.57, 5.42, 4.15, -, 4.88. Spines absent. Bulb oval, embolus elongated, tapering retrolaterally into sharp point.</p> <p>Legs: Ô: Length order: I, IV, II, III. I Total length 17.40; Segment lengths 5.54, 2.36, 4.22, 3.93, 1.35; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella v - 2–3 spines distally. Tibia (Fig 14D) v - 16–18 large spines extend pl &amp; rl, denser distally. Metatarsus (Fig 14D) v - 15–16 large spines extend pl &amp; rl. Tarsus (Fig 14D) pl &amp; rl - 1–2 small spines, v - scopulate. II Total length 15.53; Segment lengths 4.77, 2.23, 3.63, 3.57, 1.33; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella v - 2–3 spines distally. Tibia v - 16 large spines extend pl &amp; rl, denser distally. Metatarsus v - 14–16 large spines, 1 distinctly large spine distally on pl and rl aspects. Tarsus pl &amp; rl - 2–3 small spines, v - scopulate. III Total length 11.75; Segment lengths 3.01, 1.54, 1.38, 3.68, 2.14; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella do - 11 small spines. Tibia pl - 1 spine, almost v, do - 2 unorganised rows of red spinules (11 pl / do; 8–9 rl / do). Metatarsus do - 8 spines in two 2, v (Fig 14E)—18 spines, 3 are large and distal. Tarsus v (Fig 14E)—7 small spines, extend pl &amp; rl, dense setae covering spines. IV Total length 17.38; Segment lengths 4.27, 2.31, 3.66, 4.85, 2.29; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella do - short dense red spines proximally, less dense distally; interspersed with fine black setae. Tibia pl / v - 2–3 small spines. Metatarsus pl - 8 spines, v (Fig 14F)—I5 spines (4 large spines distally), spines extend pl. Tarsus (Fig 14F) pl - 11–14 spines, extend v, v - 7 small spines.</p> <p>Distribution and environment notes:</p> <p>The species is found in the localities indicated in Figure 15. The species is only known from the type locality near Somerset East in the Eastern Cape province. The location was a flat between small hills. The vegetation was dominated by low shrubs and aloe plants. The soil was very hard, chalky and pale. The specimen was found in a short burrow (Approx. 10cm deep).</p> <p>FIGURE 15. Map of the locality where the Stasimopus finni sp. nov. specimen was collected. Numbers match the site numbers in Figure 1. Map created in QGIS version 3.4.8-Madeira (2019), available at: http://qgis.osgeo.org.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D88786FFB18B76FF12FD7AFA2AF457	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brandt, Shannon;Sole, Catherine;Lyle, Robin	Brandt, Shannon, Sole, Catherine, Lyle, Robin (2023): An integrative taxonomy of the genus Stasimopus Simon 1892 (Araneae: Mygalomorphae) of the Karoo with the description of nine new species and a Stasimopus maraisi Hewitt 1914 male. Zootaxa 5341 (1): 1-60, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5341.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5341.1.1
03D88786FFBC8B70FF12FBA6FCC8F1F6.text	03D88786FFBC8B70FF12FBA6FCC8F1F6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stasimopus hamartia Brandt & Sole & Lyle 2023	<div><p>Stasimopus hamartia sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 2C, 5C&amp;D, 16, 17A, 19, 20, 21, 22A&amp;B)</p> <p>Type material: Holotype ♀ SOUTH AFRICA: Western Cape Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.9042&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-31.9265" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.9042/lat -31.9265)">Beaufort West</a> (-31.9265, 22.9042), 20.iv.2017, S. Brandt, C. Sole, E. Engelbrecht and T. Majelantle, (NCA 2017/1852). Allotype Ô Eastern Cape Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.5935&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.5015" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.5935/lat -32.5015)">Willowmore</a> (-32.5015, 23.5935), 14.iv.2017, S. Brandt, C. Sole, E. Engelbrecht and T. Majelantle, (NCA 2017/1891). Paratypes. Western Cape Province, Beaufort West (-32.2535,23.0939), 20.iv.2017, S. Brandt, C. Sole, E. Engelbrecht and T. Majelantle, (1♀ NCA 2017/1849, 1♀ juv. NCA 2017/1850); same data, 20.iv.2017, 1♀ juv. (NCA 2017/1854); same data, 14.iv.2017, 2♀♀ (NCA 2017/1888, NCA 2017/1889), 2♀♀ juv. (NCA 2017/1890, NCA 2017/1892); Western Cape Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.6914&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.6422" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.6914/lat -32.6422)">Farm Tulpleegte</a> (-32.6422, 22.6914), 15.v.2018, S. Brandt, C. Sole, E. Engelbrecht and E. Brand, 1♀ (NCA 2019/660), 1♀ juv. (NCA 2019/661).</p> <p>Etymology: The specific epithet is a Greek noun ‘hamartia’ meaning fatal error or flaw. It is so because the allotype specimen when collected was being eaten by an Idiopidae species found in her burrow.</p> <p>Diagnosis: The females of S. hamartia sp. nov. are distinguishable from other members of the genus occurring in the Karoo based on the following combination of characters. It is differentiated from S. astutus, S. leipoldti, S. maraisi, S. patersonae, S. schrieneri, S. theaei sp. nov., S. ignis sp. nov. and S. teras sp. nov. by the presence of an apical tuft being present on metatarsus III. Further differentiation can be made based on the extent of the spination present on the dorsal surface of metatarsus I. Only S. hamartia sp. nov., S. erythrognathus and S. unispinosus have spines extending half or more of the segment. This species can then be differentiated from S. erythrognathus and S. unispinosus as these species have less than 15 cheliceral denticles, whereas S. hamartia sp. nov. has over 20 denticles present. The male of this species is difficult to diagnose due to the state of the allotype, which was found half-eaten by a female idiopid.</p> <p>Description: Based on the holotype ♀ (NCA 2017/1852) and paratypes 4♀ (NCA 2017/1849, NCA 2017/1888, NCA 2017/1889, NCA 2019/660) and the allotype Ô (NCA 2017/1891).</p> <p>Remarks: Ô: The allotype is in poor condition as it was found half-eaten in a female idiopid burrow (Fig 5D). For this reason, many measurements and characters could not be determined.</p> <p>General: ♀: (Fig 5C) Large bodied spiders, ranging between 20.10–31.30 (27.30) total length. Ô: (Fig 5D) Length could not be determined.</p> <p>Carapace: ♀: Carapace length 8.62–14.01 (12.07); width 7.45–12.06 (10.88). Reddish orange colouration. Smooth texture, with some pleats in thoracic region. Fovea strongly procurved, between 1.36–2.82 (2.09) in length. Ô: Length and width undetermined. Reddish orange colouration, thoracic region with rugose texture. Fovea length undetermined.</p> <p>Ocelli: ♀: (Fig 2C, 17A) AME diameter 0.25–0.36 (0.30), PME diameter 0.27–0.30 (0.28), MOQ anterior width 1.81–2.92 (2.62), MOQ posterior width 3.05–4.80 (4.16); AME-AME 0.72, AME-ALE 0.51, ALE-ALE 2.39, PME-PME 2.51, PME-PLE 0.39, PLE-PLE 3.83. AER slightly procurved, PER almost straight. Ô: Eye measurements could not be taken.</p> <p>Chelicerae: ♀: (Fig 19C) Two teeth rows present, 3–4 teeth in proventral row, 4 teeth in retroventral row; 16 cuspules in between.</p> <p>Sternum, labium and maxillae: ♀: (Fig 19A) Sternum length 5.20–7.74 (6.78); sternum width 4.25–6.99 (6.20). Longitudinally elongated sigilla, distal end 0.47–0.95 (0.70) apart, proximal end 1.75–3.14 (2.27) apart; labium with 6–11 cuspules present (Fig 19B); maxillae with 8–14 cuspules present. Ô: (Fig 21C) Sternum length 2.73; sternum width undetermined. Sternum shape has shallow impressions of where the coxa are situated. Longitudinally elongated sigilla, distal end 0.43 apart, proximal end 0.93 apart; cuspules on labium absent; maxilla absent.</p> <p>Abdomen: ♀: Abdomen length 11.48–17.29 (15.13); width 7.62–12.18 (11.56). Grey colour, two black spots posteriorly situated, closer towards spinnerets, some specimens with larger darker patch connecting the two dots and extending further towards the spinnerets. Ô: Length and width are undetermined. Dark brown in colour.</p> <p>Pedipalps: ♀: Total length 16.79; Segment lengths 5.78, 3.75, 3.49, -,3.79. Spination: spines absent in femur and patella, with sparse setae. Tibia pl - 2 tibial spurs, 1 proximal, 1 distal, do- small patch of spinules distally extend onto the tarsus. Rl - 20–21 spinules along the segment. Tarsus pl - 5 large spines on the distal end, do - patch of 15–17 spinules, less dense distally, extend ¼–⅕ of segment, rl - covered in dense spines (20–24). Ô: (Fig 21A, B) Total length not determined; Segment lengths damaged, 6.38, 4.83, -,5.89. Spines absent. Bulb compact, embolus elongated tapering into sharp point, perpendicular to tibia.</p> <p>Legs: ♀: Length order: IV, I, III, II. I Total length 24.43; Segment lengths 7.58, 4.75, 4.68, 5.56, 1.86; Spination: spines absent on femur and patella, with sparse setae. Tibia pl &amp; rl —dense spines extend entire segment, less dense proximally, do (Fig 20A)- patch of dense spines distally, extend onto metatarsus, reaches ⅛ of segment. Metatarsus pl &amp; rl - dense spines extend entire segment, do (Fig 20A)—patch of dense spines extending ½ segment from proximal end, v - highly scopulate. Tarsus pl &amp; rl - dense spines extend entire segment, v - highly scopulate. II Total length 21.30; Segment lengths 6.58, 4.49, 3.77, 4.89, 1.58; Spination: spines absent on femur and patella, with sparse setae. Tibia pl - dense spines extend ⅙ of segment from distal end, 2–3 spines proximally, do (Fig 20B)- patch of dense spines distally reaching ⅛ of segment length. Rl - dense spines extend entire segment, less dense proximally. Metatarsus and tarsus same as in I (Fig 20B). III Total length 22.63; Segment lengths 6.36, 6.02, 2.09, 5.17, 3.03; Spination: spines absent on femur with sparse setae. Patella do / rl with 2–3 short spines. Tibia do (Fig 20C)—stout red spines dense patch distally, hidden by long setae. Metatarsus do (Fig 20C)- 2 rows of stout red spines (14–18 in each), between smaller red spinules, v - Terminally 8–9 long spines present (Fig 20E). Tarsus pl - dense patch of red spines on the distal ⅓ of the segment. IV Total length 28.04; Segment lengths 7.14, 5.73, 5.42, 6.87, 2.88; Spination: spines absent on femur with sparse setae. Patella do - short dense red spines proximally, less dense distally, interspersed with short black setae. Tibia (Fig 20D) pl - 12–13 spines along segment, do - dense setae. Metatarsus (Fig 20D) pl - 9–10 spines along segment, denser distally, v - 5–6 randomly scattered spinules, six spines in a transverse row in the preening comb (Fig 20F). Tarsus pl - dense patch of red spines extending distally. Ô: Length order undetermined. I Total length undetermined; Segment lengths -, -, -, 4.63, 1.96; Spination: Metatarsus v (Fig 21D)—25 spines segment. Tarsus v - scopulate. II Total length 14.41; Segment lengths 4.35, 2.18, 3.54, 2.9, 1.45; Spination: spines absent on femur. Patella v - 4 small thickened setae distally. Tibia v - 11 long spines along segment, 2 most distal are thicker. Metatarsus v - 23 spines along segment. Tarsus do - dense patch of spinules (7–8) distally, v - scopulate. III Total length 12.21; Segment lengths 3.41, 2.05, 1.37, 3.36, 2.02; Spination: spines absent on femur. Patella pl - 2–3 spines distally. Tibia do - dense patch of spinules (9–10 each) on distal end more pl &amp; rl. Metatarsus pl - 1 spine, do - 9–10 spines along segment, v - 4 spines scattered. Tarsus pl - 1 spine distally, v - scopulate. IV Length order undetermined. I Total length undetermined; Segment lengths -, 2.14, 3.46, 5.01, 2.6; Spination: Patella do - dense red spines proximally (extends rl). Tibia pl - 1 small spine. Metatarsus v (Fig 21E)- 5 spines, distal 3 are larger. Tarsus pl &amp; rl - 12 small spines along surface, denser distally, v - scopulate.</p> <p>Spermathecae: (Fig 22A, B) Entire, with inflated terminus, similar to a giraffe’s ossicones.</p> <p>Distribution and environment notes:</p> <p>The species is found in the localities indicated in Figure 16. The species occurs on the border of the Western and Eastern Cape provinces of South Africa. All the sample locations were flat pans near drainage lines, with typical low to medium height Karoo shrubs. All the soil was hard and compact, except for at site 21 where the soil was softer (this was the most specimen rich site). The burrow trapdoor lids were visible on the surface only at sites 6 and 7. At site 39 several empty Stasimopus burrows were excavated, and a pompilid wasp was found in one. One burrow which had a live female specimen in was deep (Approx. 30cm).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D88786FFBC8B70FF12FBA6FCC8F1F6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brandt, Shannon;Sole, Catherine;Lyle, Robin	Brandt, Shannon, Sole, Catherine, Lyle, Robin (2023): An integrative taxonomy of the genus Stasimopus Simon 1892 (Araneae: Mygalomorphae) of the Karoo with the description of nine new species and a Stasimopus maraisi Hewitt 1914 male. Zootaxa 5341 (1): 1-60, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5341.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5341.1.1
03D88786FFBA8B4FFF12FB11FE06F626.text	03D88786FFBA8B4FFF12FB11FE06F626.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stasimopus ignis Brandt & Sole & Lyle 2023	<div><p>Stasimopus ignis sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 2D, 3D, 6A&amp;B, 11C, 17B, 22C&amp;D, 23, 24, 25, 26)</p> <p>Type material: Holotype Ô SOUTH AFRICA: Northern Cape Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.9851&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-31.4412" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.9851/lat -31.4412)">Richmond</a> (-31.4412, 23.9851), 22.v.2018, S. Brandt, C. Sole, E. Engelbrecht and E. Brand, (NCA 2019/642). Allotype ♀. Hanover (-31.0439, 24.4689), 24.v.2018, S. Brandt, C. Sole, E. Engelbrecht and E. Brand, (NCA 2019/653).</p> <p>Etymology: The specific epithet is a Latin noun ‘ignis’ taken in apposition meaning fire/flame. This is in reference to both the colouration of the female of the species, as well as an allusion to the increasing fire frequency (historically rare) in the Nama Karoo which is likely due to climate change.</p> <p>Diagnosis: The males of S. ignis sp. nov. are distinguishable from other members of the genus occurring in the Karoo based on the following combination of characters. It is differentiated from S. astutus, S. erythrognathus, S. malesociatus sp. nov., S. patersonae, S. steynsbergensis, S. karooensis sp. nov. and S. mandelai based on the pedipalp not reaching the tarsus of leg I. It is further distinguished from S. palpiger by the pedipalp which is longer than leg I, that is not the case with S. ignis sp. nov. The species can be differentiated from the rest of the species (S. schrieneri, S. dylani sp. nov., S. finni sp. nov. and S. maraisi) as S. ignis sp. nov. only has 3 cheliceral teeth in the inner cheliceral row whereas the other species have 4 or more.</p> <p>The females of S. ignis sp. nov. are distinguishable from other members of the genus occurring in the Karoo based on the following combination of characters. The preening comb on metatarsus IV has 8 or more spines in a transverse row, only shared or exceeded by S. artifex, S. theaei sp. nov. and S. teras sp. nov. The species can be differentiated from S. artifex (&lt;⅒ segment) and S. theaei sp. nov. (&gt; ½ segment) by the extent of spination on metatarsus I, extending less than ⅙ the segment. Can be separated from S. teras sp. nov. by the extent of spination on the tarsus of the pedipalp (S. teras sp. nov. is less spinose).</p> <p>Description: Based on the holotype ♀ (NCA 2019/642) and the allotype Ô (NCA 2019/653).</p> <p>Remarks: Ô: male specimen abdomen is severely dehydrated, making abdomen and total length measurements challenging.</p> <p>General: Ô: (Fig 6B) Medium bodied spiders, 8.29 total length. ♀: (Fig 6A) total length 22.54.</p> <p>Carapace: Ô: Carapace length 4.73; width 4.30. Reddish brown colouration, thoracic region with rugose texture. Fovea strongly procurved, 0.88 in length. ♀: Carapace length 9.98; width 9.55. Reddish orange colouration, smooth texture, with some pleats in thoracic region. Fovea procurved, 1.99 in length.</p> <p>Ocelli: Ô: (Fig 3D, 11C) AME diameter 0.20, PME diameter 0.13, MOQ anterior width 1.21, MOQ posterior width 1.80; AME-AME 0.20, AME-ALE 0.19, ALE-ALE 0.98, PME-PME 1.02, PME-PLE 0.19, PLE-PLE 1.62. AER and PER slightly recurved. ♀: (Fig 2D, 17B). AME diameter 0.31, PME diameter 0.26, MOQ anterior width 2.79, MOQ posterior width 4.27; AME-AME 0.62, AME-ALE 0.61, ALE-ALE 2.29, PME-PME 2.55, PME-PLE 0.42, PLE-PLE 3.66. AER slightly procurved, PER strongly recurved.</p> <p>Chelicerae: Ô: (Fig 25D) Two teeth rows present, 3–4 teeth in proventral row, 3 in retroventral row; no cuspules in between. ♀: (Fig 23C) Two teeth rows present, 4 teeth in proventral row and 4 in retroventral row; 10–11 cuspules in between.</p> <p>Sternum, labium and maxillae: Ô: (Fig 25E) Sternum length 2.22; sternum width 2.17. Sternum shape has no impressions of where the coxa are situated. Sigilla in the shape of a fused arrow, distal end fused, proximal end 0.89 apart. Cuspules on labium absent; cuspules on maxilla absent. ♀: (Fig 23A) Sternum length 6.02; sternum width 5.68. Longitudinally elongated sigilla, distal end 0.71 apart, proximal end 1.82 apart. Labium with 5 cuspules present (Fig 25B), maxillae with 13–16 cuspules present.</p> <p>Abdomen: Ô: Abdomen length 3.56; width 3.18. Mottled grey colouration. ♀: Abdomen length 12.56; width 11.28. Grey/brown colouration, with one large dark spot near the carapace followed by a smaller one, two small black markings terminally.</p> <p>Pedipalps: Ô: (Fig 25A–C) Total length 16.22; Segment lengths, 4.55, 1.48, 5.16, -,5.05. Spines absent. Bulb small, embolus with broad base, tapering distally away from tibia. ♀: Total length 12.65; Segment lengths 4.25, 2.44, 2.76, -,3.20. Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella pl - 3–4 long thin spines. Tibia pl - 2–3 tibial spurs, 1 proximal and 1 distal, do - small patch of spinules distally extends onto tarsus (7–9 spinules), rl - 23 spinules along segment. Tarsus pl - 12–13 large spines distally, do - patch of 15–17 spinules, less dense distally, extend ¼–⅕ segment, rl - covered in dense spines (&gt;30).</p> <p>Legs: Ô: Length order: I, IV, II, III. I Total length 17.18; Segment lengths 4.88, 2.40, 3.98, 3.82, 2.10; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella v - 2 long spines distally. Tibia (Fig 25F) v - 8–10 large spines. Metatarsus (Fig 25F) v - 18–19 large spines, extending pl &amp; rl. Tarsus (Fig 25F) v - highly scopulate. II Total length 14.57; Segment lengths 3.92, 2.12, 3.42, 3.32, 1.79; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella v - 2 small thickened setae distally. Tibia v - 12 long spines along segment. Metatarsus v- 18 spines along segment, extend pl &amp; rl. Tarsus pl - 1 small spine, rl - 3 small red spines, v - scopulate. III Total length 11.82; Segment lengths 3.10, 1.99, 1.41, 3.30, 2.03; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella pl - 17 spines, 9 distally situated, do - 8 spines, extend rl. Tibia do - dense patch of spinules (12) distally. Metatarsus do - 8 spines along segment (4 distal), rl - 2 spines, v (Fig 25G)- 4 spines scattered. Tarsus rl - 4–5 small spines, v (Fig 25G)—scopulate, 7 spines more distally situated. IV Total length 16.87; Segment lengths 4.70, 2.20, 3.19, 4.61, 2.18; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella do - dense red spines proximally, interspersed with black setae. Tibia pl - 2 small spines. Metatarsus pl - 3 spines (one large distally), rl - 1 large spine distally, v (Fig 25H)- 7 spines. Tarsus v - 12 spines scattered, almost pl, v - Scopulate. ♀: Length order: IV, III, I, II. I Total length 18.05; Segment lengths 5.93, 2.88, 3.61, 3.91, 1.72; Spination: spines absent on femur and patella, with sparse setae. Tibia pl - small spines extend ½ distally along segment, do (Fig 24A)- patch of dense spines distally, extend approx. ⅙ segment, rl - small spines extend entire segment, less dense proximally. Metatarsus pl &amp; rl - dense spines extend entire segment, do (Fig 24A)- patch of dense spines extend ¼ segment length from the proximal end, v - highly scopulate. Tarsus pl &amp; rl - dense spines extend entire segment, v - highly scopulate. II Total length 17.58; Segment lengths 5.33, 3.12, 3.66, 3.69, 1.79; Spination, follows that of leg I (Fig 24B). III Total length 19.00; Segment lengths 5.10, 4.18, 2.87, 4.16, 2.71; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella pl - 8–9 red spinules with rows of black setae. Tibia do (Fig 24C)- dense patch of stout red spines distally situated, hidden by long setae. Metatarsus do (Fig 24C)- 2 rows of stout red spines (26–30 in each), between smaller red spinules. Tarsus pl -&gt;15 spines along surface, dense distally (covered in setae). IV Total length 21.20; Segment lengths 5.12, 3.76, 4.40, 5.25, 2.39; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella pl - 3–4 long spines. Tibia pl (Fig 24D)- 4–8 spines along segment, do - dense setae. Metatarsus pl (Fig 24D)- 22 spines along segment, v - 5–6 spines in transverse row in the preening comb (Fig 24E). Tarsus pl (Fig 24D)- dense patch of red spines extending distally (&gt;25 spines), covered in setae.</p> <p>Spermathecae: (Fig 22C&amp;D) Entire, with terminus as broad as base.</p> <p>Distribution and environment notes:</p> <p>The species is found in the localities indicated in Figure 26. The species is only known from two localities in the Northern Cape province. Female found on a gentle slope in loamy soil which had a hard subsoil layer. The vegetation was dominated by typical Karoo low shrubs and grasses. The male was found under a door mat at the Toonbothasfontein farm.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D88786FFBA8B4FFF12FB11FE06F626	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brandt, Shannon;Sole, Catherine;Lyle, Robin	Brandt, Shannon, Sole, Catherine, Lyle, Robin (2023): An integrative taxonomy of the genus Stasimopus Simon 1892 (Araneae: Mygalomorphae) of the Karoo with the description of nine new species and a Stasimopus maraisi Hewitt 1914 male. Zootaxa 5341 (1): 1-60, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5341.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5341.1.1
03D88786FF858B44FF12F934FDE3F2AA.text	03D88786FF858B44FF12F934FDE3F2AA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stasimopus karooensis Brandt & Sole & Lyle 2023	<div><p>Stasimopus karooensis sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs 3E, 6C, 11D, 13B, 27, 28)</p> <p>Type material: Holotype Ô SOUTH AFRICA: Eastern Cape Province, Pearston, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=25.2378&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.5339" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 25.2378/lat -32.5339)">Camdeboo Game Reserve</a> (- 32.5339, 25.2378), 09.iv.2010 – 26.vi.2010, S. van Noort, (SAM-ENW-C007293). Paratypes. Same data, 1Ô (SAM-ENW-C007746). Jansenville (-32.8772, 24.4952), 17.vii.2015, I. Engelbrecht and D. Kambas, 1Ô (NCA 2019/616).</p> <p>FIGURE 26. Map of the localities where Stasimopus ignis sp. nov. specimens were collected. Numbers match the site numbers in Figure 1. Map created in QGIS version 3.4.8-Madeira (2019), available at: http://qgis.osgeo.org.</p> <p>Etymology: The specific species name refers to the large distribution of the species within the Karoo. It is an acknowledgement to the Karoo BioGaps project, which provided some funding and the sampling organisation for this project.</p> <p>Diagnosis: The males of S. karooensis sp. nov. are distinguishable from other members of the genus occurring in the Karoo based on the following combination of characters. It is differentiated from S. schrieneri, S. dylani sp. nov., S. ignis sp. nov., S. finni sp. nov., S. maraisi and S. palpiger by the pedipalp being shorter in relation to leg I (only reaching metatarsus I). It is distinguished from S. astutus, S. erythrognathus, S. malesociatus sp. nov. and S. patersonae as the pedipalp is longer in relation to leg I (extending past the tibia). Lastly, it is differentiated from S. mandelai and S. steynsbergensis by being more spinose on tarsus IV.</p> <p>Description: Based on the holotype Ô (SAM-ENW-C007293) and paratypes 2Ô (SAM-ENW-C007746, NCA 2019/616).</p> <p>Remarks: ♀: Known only from males.</p> <p>General: Ô: (Fig 6C) Medium bodied spiders, ranging between 8.34–9.29 (8.34) total length.</p> <p>Carapace: Ô: Carapace length 3.99–4.98 (3.99); width 3.62–4.35 (3.62). Dark red colouration, thoracic region with rugose texture. Fovea procurved, between 0.78–0.94 (0.78) in length.</p> <p>Ocelli: Ô: (Fig 3E, 11D) AME diameter 0.20–0.22 (0.20), PME diameter 0.12–0.15 (0.15), MOQ anterior width 1.08–1.23 (1.08), MOQ posterior width 1.29–1.69 (1.29); AME-AME 0.18, AME-ALE 0.10, ALE-ALE 0.84, PME-PME 0.15, PME-PLE 0.78, PLE-PLE 1.20; AER almost straight, PER slightly recurved.</p> <p>Chelicerae: Ô: (Fig 13B) Two teeth rows present, 4 teeth in proventral row, 4 in retroventral row. Number of cuspules could not be determined as the fangs could not be opened without damaging an old specimen.</p> <p>Sternum, labium and maxillae: Ô: (Fig 27C) Sternum length 2.56–2.76 (2.73); sternum width 2.12–2.54 (2.12). Sternum shape has distinct impressions of where the coxa are situated. Sigilla in the shape of a fused arrow, distal end fused, proximal ends 0.68–1.14 (0.68) apart; cuspules on labium absent; maxilla absent.</p> <p>Abdomen: Ô: Abdomen length 4.31–4.36 (4.36); width 2.78–3.07 (2.78). Mottled grey colouration.</p> <p>Pedipalps: Ô: (Fig 27A, B) Total length 16.60; Segment lengths 4.64, 4.68, 3.14, -, 4.14. Spination: spines absent. Bulb compact and flattened. Embolus elongated tapering to sharp point, extending perpendicular from tibia.</p> <p>Legs: Ô: Length order: I, IV, II, III. I Total length 19.32; Segment lengths 5.83, 2.66, 4.21, 4.61, 2.02; Spination: spines absent on femur and patella, with sparse setae. Tibia v - 13 large spines extending pl &amp; rl. Metatarsus v (Fig 27D)- 10–12 large spines. Tarsus v - scopulate. II Total length 16.82; Segment lengths 5.16, 2.30, 3.70, 3.87, 1.81; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella pl - 1 large spine. Tibia v - 13–14 large spines extend pl &amp; rl. Metatarsus v - 14–15 large spines. Tarsus v - scopulate. III Total length 12.12; Segment lengths 3.25, 1.75, 1.45, 3.52, 2.16; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella do - 4 red spines. Tibia pl &amp; rl - dense patches of short spines distally (9–10 in each patch). Metatarsus (Fig 27E) pl &amp; rl - dense spines along each surface (15–17 in each patch), extend do &amp; v. Tarsus pl &amp; rl - small spines along each surface (10–11 in each patch), denser distally, v - scopulate. IV Total length 18.85; Segment lengths 4.50, 2.39, 3.67, 5.34, 2.96; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella do - short dense red spines proximally, less dense distally, interspersed with fine black setae. Tibia pl - 5 spines. Metatarsus pl - 10 spines, v (Fig 27F)- 1 spine. Tarsus pl &amp; rl - 15–16 spines along each surface, denser distally, v (Fig 27F)- scopulate.</p> <p>Distribution and environment notes:</p> <p>The species is found in the localities indicated in Figure 28. The species is only known from two localities in the Eastern Cape province. These two localities are a great distance apart. The SAMC specimens were collected in Camdeboo Escarpment Thicket vegetation in yellow pan traps. The ELK specimens were all collected while crossing a quite road after heavy rains.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D88786FF858B44FF12F934FDE3F2AA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brandt, Shannon;Sole, Catherine;Lyle, Robin	Brandt, Shannon, Sole, Catherine, Lyle, Robin (2023): An integrative taxonomy of the genus Stasimopus Simon 1892 (Araneae: Mygalomorphae) of the Karoo with the description of nine new species and a Stasimopus maraisi Hewitt 1914 male. Zootaxa 5341 (1): 1-60, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5341.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5341.1.1
03D88786FF8E8B47FF12F964FE9DF242.text	03D88786FF8E8B47FF12F964FE9DF242.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stasimopus maraisi Hewitt 1927	<div><p>Stasimopus maraisi Hewitt, 1927: 424 (Dm)</p> <p>(Figures 6D, 12A, 13C, 29, 30)</p> <p>Type material: Holotype Ô SOUTH AFRICA: Northern Cape Province, Victoria West, no collection date, H. James, (AMGS-5367).</p> <p>Etymology: The specific epithet is a Latin adjective ‘malè sociatus’ taken in apposition meaning mismatched. This is in reference to this specimen being incorrectly assigned as the allotype to the previously described species Stasimopus maraisi.</p> <p>Diagnosis: The males of S. malesociatus sp. nov. are distinguishable from other members of the genus occurring in the Karoo based on the following combination of characters. It is differentiated from S. astutus, S. erythrognathus, S. schrieneri, S. finni sp. nov. and S. maraisi by the AME being the largest eye. It is distinguished from S. ignis as PLE is the smallest eye. The species is distinguished from S. patersonae, S. karooensis sp. nov., S. dylani sp. nov. and S. palpiger as S. malesociatus sp. nov. only has 3 cheliceral teeth in the inner row, whereas the others have 4. The metatarsus of legs I and II are less spinous than S. steynsbergensis.</p> <p>Description: Ô: Originally described in Hewitt 1927 pg. 425–426. Additional description is given below.</p> <p>Remarks: The specimen is in poor condition with various limbs severed or damaged. The spination patterns may be inaccurate due to the removal of a hard clay-like substance.</p> <p>General: Ô: (Fig 6D) Medium bodied spider, 9.09 total length.</p> <p>Carapace: Ô: Carapace length 4.93; width 4.61. Reddish orange colouration, thoracic region with rugose texture. Fovea procurved, 0.77 in length.</p> <p>Ocelli: Ô: (Fig 12A) AME diameter 0.23, PME diameter 0.13, MOQ anterior width 1.21, MOQ posterior width 1.68; AME-AME 0.20, AME-ALE 0.12, ALE-ALE 0.87, PME-PME 0.77, PME-PLE 0.16, PLE-PLE 1.29; AER slightly recurved, PER recurved.</p> <p>Chelicerae: Ô: (Fig 13C) Two teeth rows present, 3 teeth in proventral row, 4 in retroventral row; 4–5 cuspules in between.</p> <p>Sternum, labium and maxillae: Ô: (Fig 29D) Sternum length 2.77; sternum width 2.65. Sternum shape has distinct impressions of where the coxa are situated. Sigilla in the shape of a fused arrow, distal end fused, proximal ends 1.0 apart; cuspules on labium absent; maxilla absent.</p> <p>Abdomen: Ô: Abdomen length 4.16; width 3.48. Mottled brownish red colouration.</p> <p>Pedipalps: Ô: (Figs 29A–C) Total length 13.48; Segment lengths 1.39, 4.37, 3.18, -, 4.54. Spination: spines absent. Bulb elliptical, embolus with broad base, tapering into sharp point, curving distally.</p> <p>Legs: Ô: Length order: undetermined. I Total length undetermined; Segment lengths -, -, -, 4.78, 1.98; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Metatarsus v (Fig 29E)- 13 large spines. Tarsus v - scopulate. II Total length 18.31; Segment lengths 5.63, 2.55, 3.96, 4.15, 2.02; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella v - 1 large spine. Tibia v - 12–14 large spines. Metatarsus v - 8 spines. Tarsus v - scopulate. III Total length undetermined; Segment lengths 3.81, 2.00, 1.78, -, -; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella do - damaged, 8 red spines, extend pl, v - 1 spine. Tibia pl &amp; rl - dense patches of short red spines distally (7–9 in each patch), v - 3 thin spines. IV Total length 20.68; Segment lengths 5.06, 2.69, 4.26, 5.81, 2.87; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella do - short dense red spines proximally (approx. 50–60), less dense distally, interspersed with fine black setae. Tibia pl / v (Fig 29F)- 5 spines. Metatarsus v (Fig 29F)- 9 spines. Tarsus pl (Fig 29F)- 11 spines along surface.</p> <p>Distribution and environment notes:</p> <p>The species is found in the locality indicated in Figure 30. The species is only known from the type locality near Victoria West in the Northern Cape province. The original description does not describe the area where the specimen was collected.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D88786FF8E8B47FF12F964FE9DF242	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brandt, Shannon;Sole, Catherine;Lyle, Robin	Brandt, Shannon, Sole, Catherine, Lyle, Robin (2023): An integrative taxonomy of the genus Stasimopus Simon 1892 (Araneae: Mygalomorphae) of the Karoo with the description of nine new species and a Stasimopus maraisi Hewitt 1914 male. Zootaxa 5341 (1): 1-60, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5341.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5341.1.1
03D88786FF8D8B42FF12FD90FAF4F242.text	03D88786FF8D8B42FF12FD90FAF4F242.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stasimopus teras Brandt & Sole & Lyle 2023	<div><p>Stasimopus teras sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs 7A, 17C, 22I, 31, 32, 33)</p> <p>Type material: Holotype ♀ SOUTH AFRICA: Northern Cape Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.5597&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-31.4965" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.5597/lat -31.4965)">Victoria West</a> (-31.4965, 23.5597), 22.v.2018, S. Brandt, C. Sole, E. Engelbrecht and E. Brand, (NCA 2019/643).</p> <p>Etymology: The specific epithet is a Greek noun ‘teras’ taken in apposition meaning monster or marvel. This is in reference to the extreme eye deformity of the type specimen. It is also a homage to the field of teratology which is the “study of marvels and monstrosities”.</p> <p>Diagnosis: The authors acknowledge that the type specimen being used to describe the species is deformed, but despite this we believe this to be a valid species. The other characters and the genetic evidence (clear genetic distance from all other species) are overwhelming to support this deduction. The females of S. teras sp. nov. are distinguishable from other members of the genus occurring in the Karoo based on the following combination of characters. The preening comb on metatarsus IV has 8 or more spines in a transverse row, only shared or exceeded by S. artifex, S. theaei sp. nov. and S. ignis sp. nov. The species can be differentiated from S. artifex (&lt;1/10 segment) and S. theaei sp. nov. (&gt;1/2 segment) by the extent of spination on metatarsus I, extending less than 1/6 the segment. Can be separated from S. ignis sp. nov. by the extent of spination on the tarsus of the pedipalp (S. teras sp. nov. is less spinose).</p> <p>Description: Based on the holotype ♀ (NCA 2019/643).</p> <p>Remarks: ♀: Severe eye deformity present, thus many eye measurements were not taken. For more information, please see Mitchell et al. (2020). Ô: Known only from the type female.</p> <p>General: ♀: (Fig 7A) Medium bodied spider, 23.20 total length.</p> <p>Carapace: ♀: Carapace length 9.16; width 9.27. Reddish orange colouration, smooth texture, with pleats in thoracic region. Fovea strongly procurved, 2.29 in length.</p> <p>Ocelli: ♀: (Fig 17C) AME diameter 0.29, PME diameter 0.42; AME-AME 0.55, AME-ALE 0.52, ALE-ALE 2.11, PME-PME 2.19, PME-PLE 0.40, PLE-PLE 3.59. AER procurved, PER strongly recurved.</p> <p>Chelicerae: ♀: (Fig 31C) Two teeth rows present, 4 teeth in proventral row, 5 teeth in retroventral row; 11–12 cuspules in between which vary in sizes.</p> <p>Sternum, labium and maxillae: ♀: (Fig 31A) Sternum length 5.70; sternum width 5.44. Sigilla indistinct. Labium (Fig 31B) with 5 cuspules present, maxillae with 12–15 cuspules present.</p> <p>Abdomen: ♀: Abdomen length 14.04; width 9.57. Greyish brown colouration, with long vertical band marking along the ventral surface, less apparent towards the spinnerets.</p> <p>Pedipalps: ♀: Total length 12.38; Segment lengths 4.10, 2.67, 2.68, -, 2.94. Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella pl - 2–3 long thin spines. Tibia pl - 3 tibial spurs, do - small patch of spinules distally extend onto tarsus with 3–4 spines, rl - 8–10 spinules along segment. Tarsus pl - 10–11 long spines, do - patch of 12–13 spinules, less dense distally, extend ¼–⅕ of segment, rl - covered in dense spines (22–25), difficult to see distally due to dense setae.</p> <p>Legs: ♀: Length order: IV, I, II, III. I Total length 16.67; Segment lengths 4.74, 3.39, 3.39, 3.62, 1.52; Spination: spines absent on femur and patella, with sparse setae. Tibia pl &amp; rl - spinules extend entire segment, less dense proximally, do (Fig 31D)- distal dense patch of spines, reach ⅕ of segment length, continued on metatarsus. Metatarsus pl &amp; rl - dense spinules along entire segment, do (Fig 31D)- patch of dense spines proximally, covering approx. ⅙ of segment, v - scopulate. Tarsus pl &amp; rl - dense spinules along entire segment, v - scopulate. II Total length 16.07; Segment lengths 4.98, 3.24, 2.96, 3.45, 1.44; Spination: spines absent on femur and patella, with sparse setae. Tibia pl &amp; rl - spinules extend entire segment, less dense proximally, do - distally dense patch of spines, reach ¼ of segment, continues on metatarsus. Metatarsus and tarsus have same spination as leg I. III Total length 15.99; Segment lengths 4.52, 3.89, 1.39, 4.07, 2.12; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella pl - 8 spinules interspersed with thick setae, do - 5 spinules. Tibia do (Fig 31E)- stout red spines dense distally, covered in long setae (extending pl &amp; rl), rl - 3 spinules proximally. Metatarsus do (Fig 31E)- 2 rows of stout red spines, 17–21 in each, with small red spinules between. Tarsus pl - 11–12 large red spines extend from distal tip to half segment. IV Total length 19.54; Segment lengths 5.05, 3.79, 3.82, 4.88, 1.99; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella do - short dense red spines proximally, less dense distally, interspersed with stout black setae. Tibia pl - many spines extending under the dorsal setae, do - very dense setae cover randomly scattered spinules. Metatarsus pl (Fig 32A)- 9–13 spines denser distally, v - 9–10 spines in a transverse row (preening comb) (Fig 32B). Tarsus pl (Fig 32A)- 15 short spines, denser distally, rl - 4–5 spines distally.</p> <p>Spermathecae: (Fig 22I) Entire, with terminus gradually curving inwards, spermathecae equal width entire length.</p> <p>Distribution and environment notes:</p> <p>The species is found in the localities indicated in Figure 33. The species is only known from the type locality near Victoria West in the Northern Cape province. The site where the specimen was found was under powerlines on a flat plain. The vegetation was dominated by typical Karoo low to medium shrubs with some grass patches. The soil was grey with a russet-coloured surface layer which was slightly cracked. The burrow lid was clearly visible.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D88786FF8D8B42FF12FD90FAF4F242	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brandt, Shannon;Sole, Catherine;Lyle, Robin	Brandt, Shannon, Sole, Catherine, Lyle, Robin (2023): An integrative taxonomy of the genus Stasimopus Simon 1892 (Araneae: Mygalomorphae) of the Karoo with the description of nine new species and a Stasimopus maraisi Hewitt 1914 male. Zootaxa 5341 (1): 1-60, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5341.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5341.1.1
03D88786FF888B5DFF12FD90FA2AF33D.text	03D88786FF888B5DFF12FD90FA2AF33D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stasimopus theaei Brandt & Sole & Lyle 2023	<div><p>Stasimopus theaei sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 2H, 7B, 17D, 22E &amp; F, 34, 35, 36)</p> <p>Type material: Holotype ♀ SOUTH AFRICA: Eastern Cape Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=25.6612&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.9386" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 25.6612/lat -32.9386)">Somerset East</a> (-32.9386, 25.6612), 14.v.2018, S. Brandt, C. Sole, E. Engelbrecht and E. Brand, (NCA 2019/606).</p> <p>Etymology: The specific epithet is a patronym in homage to Thea Lyle Subramoney the daughter of the second author.</p> <p>Diagnosis: The females of S. theaei sp. nov. are distinguishable from other members of the genus occurring in the Karoo based on the following combination of characters. Easily distinguished by the highly dense denticles on the chelicera (&gt;50), all other species but S. spinosus have less than 30. Distinguishable from S. spinosus by the extent of spines on metatarsus 1 extending more than half the segment (only matched or exceeded by S. unispinosus, S. hamartia sp. nov. and S. erythrognathus).</p> <p>Description: Based on the holotype ♀ (NCA 2019/606).</p> <p>Remarks: Ô: Known only from the type female.</p> <p>General: ♀: (Fig 7B) Medium bodied spider, 21.66 total length.</p> <p>Carapace: ♀: Carapace length 10.29; width 9.61. Reddish colour, smooth texture, with some pleats in the thoracic region. The fovea strongly procurved, 2.20 in length.</p> <p>Ocelli: ♀: (Fig 2H, 17D) AME diameter 0.25, PME diameter 0.26, MOQ anterior width 2.57, MOQ posterior width 3.89; AME-AME 0.58, AME-ALE 0.34, ALE-ALE 1.83, PME-PME 1.86, PME-PLE 0.48, PLE-PLE 3.10. AER fairly straight, PER slightly recurved.</p> <p>Chelicerae: ♀: (Fig 34C) Two teeth rows present, 4 teeth in proventral row, 5 in retroventral row; 48–50 cuspules in between which vary in sizes.</p> <p>Sternum, labium and maxillae: ♀: (Fig 34A) Sternum length 5.51; sternum width 5.75. Longitudinally elongated sigilla, distal end 0.72 apart, proximal end 1.66 apart. Labium (Fig 34B) 14 cuspules present, maxillae 13–14 cuspules present.</p> <p>Abdomen: ♀: Abdomen length 11.37; width 8.41. Greyish yellow colouration, end of abdomen towards the spinnerets darker grey than the rest of abdomen.</p> <p>Pedipalps: ♀: Total length 11.49; Segment lengths 3.58, 2.41, 2.62, -, 2.89. Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella pl - 2–3 long thin spines. Tibia pl - 2 tibial spurs, 1 proximal and 1 distal, do - small patch of spinules distally extend onto tarsus. rl - 22 spinules along segment. Tarsus pl - 12–14 large spines, do - patch of 17–19 spinules, less dense distally, extend ⅓–¼ of segment, rl - covered in dense spines (25–30).</p> <p>Legs: ♀: Length order: IV, III, I, II. I Total length 17.76; Segment lengths 5.97, 3.56, 3.81, 3.98, 1.40; Spination: spines absent on femur and patella, with sparse setae. Tibia pl - small spines extending ½–⅓ from the distal end, do (Fig 35A)- distally dense patch of spines, extend to ⅐ of segment, continues on metatarsus, rl - spinules extend entire segment less dense proximally. Metatarsus pl &amp; rl - very dense spinules along the entire segment, do (Fig 35A)- patch of dense spines proximally, cover approx. ⅔ of segment, v - scopulate. Tarsus pl &amp; rl - dense spinules along entire segment, v - scopulate. II Total length 15.38; Segment lengths 4.59, 3.05, 2.95, 3.53, 1.26; Spination: spines absent on femur and patella, with sparse setae. Tibia pl - small spines extending ½ of section from distal end, do (Fig 35B)- distally dense patch of spines, extend ⅕ of segment, continues on metatarsus, rl - spinules extend entire segment, less dense proximally. Metatarsus pl &amp; rl - dense spinules along the entire segment, do (Fig 35B)- patch of dense spines proximally, covering approx. ⅓ of segment, v - scopulate. Tarsus pl &amp; rl - dense spinules along the entire segment, v - scopulate. III Total length 17.85; segment lengths 4.80, 4.21, 2.10, 4.12, 2.62; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella pl - 12 red spinules, has rows of black setae. Tibia do (Fig 35C)- stout red spines very dense distally, covered in long setae. Metatarsus do (Fig 35C)- 2 rows of stout red spines (18–22 in each), between small red spinules. Tarsus pl - dense patch of red spines extend distally and covered in dense setae, pl &amp; rl - 3–5 stout black spines along both surfaces, denser distally, v - scopulate. IV Total length 20.93; Segment lengths 5.05, 4.52, 4.17, 5.03, 2.17; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella do - short dense red spines proximally, less dense distally, interspersed with stout black setae. Tibia pl (Fig 35D)- many spines extending under the dorsal setae, do - dense setae covering randomly scattered spinules. Metatarsus pl (Fig 35D)- 17–20 spines extending ventrally, v - 7–8 spines in a transverse row (preening comb) (Fig 35E). Tarsus pl (Fig 35D)- very dense setae covering randomly scattered spinules.</p> <p>Spermathecae: (Fig 22E, F) Entire, with short inflated terminus, one appears 2/3 length of other spermathecae.</p> <p>Distribution and environment notes:</p> <p>The species known from the type locality indicated in Figure 36. It has been collected near Somerset East in the Eastern Cape province. The location was a flat between small hills. The vegetation was dominated by low shrubs and aloe plants. The soil was very hard, chalky and pale. The specimen was found in a deep vertical burrow (approx. 30 cm deep), which angled slightly near the bottom.</p> <p>FIGURE 36. Map of the locality where the Stasimopus theaei sp. nov. specimen was collected. Numbers match the site numbers in Figure 1. Map created in QGIS version 3.4.8-Madeira (2019), available at: http://qgis.osgeo.org.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D88786FF888B5DFF12FD90FA2AF33D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brandt, Shannon;Sole, Catherine;Lyle, Robin	Brandt, Shannon, Sole, Catherine, Lyle, Robin (2023): An integrative taxonomy of the genus Stasimopus Simon 1892 (Araneae: Mygalomorphae) of the Karoo with the description of nine new species and a Stasimopus maraisi Hewitt 1914 male. Zootaxa 5341 (1): 1-60, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5341.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5341.1.1
03D88786FF978B58FF12FC4CFD45F146.text	03D88786FF978B58FF12FC4CFD45F146.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stasimopus venterstadensis Brandt & Sole & Lyle 2023	<div><p>Stasimopus venterstadensis sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figures 2J, 7C, 18, 22G &amp; H, 37, 38, 39)</p> <p>Type material: Holotype ♀ SOUTH AFRICA: Eastern Cape Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=25.7738&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-30.9077" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 25.7738/lat -30.9077)">Venterstad</a> (-30.9077, 25.7738), 12.v.2018, S. Brandt, C. Sole, E. Engelbrecht and E. Brand, (NCA 2019/610). Paratypes: Same data, 12.v.2018, 2♀♀ (NCA 2019/608, NCA 2019/609).</p> <p>Etymology: The species is named after the type locality, Venterstad, on the Eastern Cape province in South Africa.</p> <p>Diagnosis: The females of S. venterstadensis sp. nov. are distinguishable from other members of the genus occurring in the Karoo based on the following combination of characters. It is differentiated from S. astutus, S. leipoldti, S. maraisi, S. patersonae, S. schrieneri, S. theaei sp. nov., S. ignis sp. nov. and S. teras sp. nov. by the presence of an apical tuft being present on metatarsus III. This species is distinguishable from the other species based on the number of spines in the preening comb on metatarsus IV, S. unispinosus having less than 3, whereas, S. schonlandi, S. artifex and S. spinosus all have more than 6.</p> <p>Description: Based on the holotype ♀ (NCA 2019/610) and the paratypes 2♀ (NCA 2019/608, NCA 2019/609).</p> <p>Remarks: Ô: Known only from females. General: ♀: (Fig 7C) Large bodied spiders, ranging between 18.48– 25.32 (18.48) total length.</p> <p>Carapace: ♀: Carapace length 8.98–11.12 (8.98); width 7.52–10.40 (7.52). Dark reddish orange colouration. Smooth texture, with pleats in thoracic region. Fovea strongly procurved, between 1.63–1.94 (1.63) in length.</p> <p>Ocelli: ♀: (Fig 2J, 18) AME diameter 0.28–0.34 (0.28), PME diameter 0.30–0.38 (0.30), MOQ anterior width 2.04–2.64 (2.04), MOQ posterior width 3.26–4.17 (3.26);AME-AME 0.56, AME-ALE 0.30, ALE-ALE 1.81, PME-PME 1.83, PME-PLE 0.38, PLE-PLE 3.19. AER and PER almost straight.</p> <p>Chelicerae: ♀: (Fig 37C) Two teeth rows present, 6 teeth in proventral row, 6 teeth in retroventral row; 29–31 cuspules in between.</p> <p>Sternum, labium and maxillae: ♀: (Fig 37A) Sternum length 5.00–5.88 (5.00); sternum width 4.47–6.14 (4.47). Longitudinally elongated sigilla, distal end 0.64–0.72 (0.67) apart, proximal end 1.61–1.87 (1.80) apart; labium (Fig 37B) 12–16 cuspules present; maxillae 5–7 cuspules present.</p> <p>Abdomen: ♀: Abdomen length 9.50–14.20 (9.50); width 7.02–10.12 (7.02). Grey colour, with one large dark spot near the carapace followed by a smaller one towards the spinnerets.</p> <p>Pedipalps: ♀: Total length 13.08; Segment lengths 4.45, 2.90, 2.69, -,3.05. Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella pl - 2–3 long thin spines. Tibia pl - 2 tibial spurs, 1 proximal and 1 distal, do - small patch spinules distally extending onto the tarsus, rl - 15–16 spinules along segment. Tarsus pl - 8–10 large spines, do - a patch of 16–18 spinules, less dense distally, extend - of segment, rl - covered in dense spines (24–27).</p> <p>Legs: ♀: Length order: IV, III, I, II. I Total length 18.72; Segment lengths 5.97, 3.56, 3.81, 3.98, 1.40; Spination: spines absent on femur and patella, with sparse setae. Tibia pl - small spines extending - segment from distal end, do (Fig 38A)- distally dense patch of spines, extending segment, and continued on metatarsus, rl - spinules extending entire segment, less dense proximally. Metatarsus pl &amp; rl - very dense spinules along entire segment, do (Fig 38A)- patch of dense spines proximally, extending approx. segment, v - scopulate. Tarsus pl &amp; rl - very dense spinules along entire segment, v - scopulate. II Total length 16.52; Segment lengths 5.20, 3.22, 2.98, 3.61, 1.51; Spination follows that of leg I (Fig 38B). III Total length 19.35; Segment lengths 4.89, 4.52, 3.12, 4.12, 2.71; Spination: spines absent on femur and patella, with sparse setae. Tibia do (Fig 38C)- stout red spines dense distally, hidden by long setae. Metatarsus do (Fig 38C)- 2 rows of stout red spines (22–27 in each), between smaller red spinules, V - 8 spines distally (Fig 38E). Tarsus pl &amp; rl - 10–15 stout black spines along both surfaces, denser distally, v - scopulate. IV Total length 23.03; Segment lengths 6.00, 4.66, 4.31, 5.41, 2.66; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella do - covered in red dense spinules. Tibia do - dense setae covering randomly scattered spinules. Metatarsus pl (Fig 38D)- 22 spines, v - 8 spines in a transverse row (preening comb) (Fig 38F). Tarsus pl (Fig 38D)- dense setae covering randomly scattered spinules.</p> <p>Spermathecae: (Fig 22G, H) Entire, with inflated terminus directed inwards.</p> <p>Distribution and environment notes: The species is found in the localities indicated in Figure 39. The species is only known from one locality near Venterstad in the Eastern Cape province. Specimen collected from a flat plain with sandy soil. The vegetation was dominated by typical Karoo shrubs and buffalo grass.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D88786FF978B58FF12FC4CFD45F146	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brandt, Shannon;Sole, Catherine;Lyle, Robin	Brandt, Shannon, Sole, Catherine, Lyle, Robin (2023): An integrative taxonomy of the genus Stasimopus Simon 1892 (Araneae: Mygalomorphae) of the Karoo with the description of nine new species and a Stasimopus maraisi Hewitt 1914 male. Zootaxa 5341 (1): 1-60, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5341.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5341.1.1
03D88786FF928B5BFF12FB1DFE93F0EA.text	03D88786FF928B5BFF12FB1DFE93F0EA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stasimopus maraisi Hewitt 1927	<div><p>Stasimopus maraisi male description</p> <p>(Figs 3G, 7D, 12B, 13D, 40, 41)</p> <p>Material examined: Ô SOUTH AFRICA: Northern Cape Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.7857&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-31.7863" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.7857/lat -31.7863)">Williston</a> (-31.7863, 20.7857), 19.v.2018, S. Brandt, C. Sole, E. Engelbrecht and E. Brand, (NCA 2019/630).</p> <p>Diagnosis: The males of S. maraisi are distinguishable from other members of the genus occurring in the Karoo based on the following combination of characters. The main distinguishing feature is that S. maraisi has a carapace which is smooth in texture, whereas other species are more rugose. Further differentiation can be made from S. astutus, S. erythrognathus, S. malesociatus sp. nov., S. patersonae, S. steynsbergensis, S. karooensis sp. nov. and S. mandelai based on the pedipalp not reaching the tarsus of leg I. Distinguished from S. palpiger as the pedipalp is longer than leg I, which S. maraisi is not.</p> <p>Description: ♀: The female description is available in Hewitt 1914. Based on a Ô (NCA 2019/630).</p> <p>Remarks: Ô: The original male described in Hewitt 1927 pg. 425–426 was found to not be a genetic match for the characters describing the female holotype for the species. For this reason, the male that does match genetically is described here.</p> <p>General: Ô: (Fig 7D) Medium bodied spider, 8.46 total length.</p> <p>Carapace: Ô: Carapace length 3.86; width 3.46. Orange yellow colouration, smooth in texture. Fovea procurved, 0.85 in length.</p> <p>Ocelli: Ô: (Fig 3G, 12B) AME diameter 0.18, PME diameter 0.13, MOQ anterior width 1.11, MOQ posterior width 1.34; AME-AME 0.16, AME-ALE 0.10, ALE-ALE 0.69, PME-PME 0.73, PME-PLE 0.11, PLE-PLE 1.15 AER strongly recurved, PER also recurved.</p> <p>Chelicerae: Ô: (Fig 13D) Two teeth rows present, 3 teeth in proventral row, 4 in retroventral row. 5–6 cuspules between rows.</p> <p>Sternum, labium and maxillae: Ô: (Fig 40C) Sternum length 2.21; sternum width 1.93. Sternum shape has shallow impressions of where the coxa are situated. Sigilla in the shape of fused arrow, distal end fused, proximal end 0.93 apart. Cuspules on labium absent; maxilla cuspules absent.</p> <p>Abdomen: Ô: Abdomen length 4.61; width 3.10. Light grey colouration with dark bands. Large dark patch proximally covering 1/3 total abdomen dorsally, followed by 4 smaller dark bands which are lighter in the middle.</p> <p>Pedipalps: Ô: (Fig 40A, B) Total length 15.32; Segment lengths 1.34, 5.15, 4.22, -, 4.61. Spination: spines absent. Bulb oval, embolus elongated tapering into sharp point, curving posteriorly.</p> <p>Legs: Ô: Length order: I, IV, II, III. I Total length 17.76; Segment lengths 5.31, 2.29, 4.40, 3.97, 1.79; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella do - 1 small spine, v - 4 spines distally (slightly rl). Tibia v (Fig 40D)- 12 large spines extending rl, only on distal half. Metatarsus v (Fig 40D)- 17 large spines extending pl &amp; rl. Tarsus v (Fig 40D)- scopulate. II Total length 15.10; Segment lengths 4.52, 2.02, 3.59, 3.24, 1.73; Spination: Femur 4 randomly scattered spines. Spines absent on patella. Tibia v - 11 large spines extending rl. Metatarsus v - 18 large spines, extending pl &amp; rl. Tarsus v - scopulate. III Total length 11.56; Segment lengths 3.10, 1.63, 1.37, 3.31, 2.16; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella do - 8 small spines along surface, rl - 6 spines. Tibia pl - 1 spine, do - 6–8 spines distally, v - 2 spines. Metatarsus pl - 3 red spines, v (Fig 40E)- 4 spines, rl - 2 spines. Tarsus pl &amp; rl - 2–3 spines on either edge, v (Fig 40E)- 7 small spines, dense setae covering spines. IV Total length 16.63; Segment lengths 4.39, 1.87, 3.43, 4.40, 2.55; Spination: spines absent on femur, with sparse setae. Patella do - short dense red spines proximally (approx. 30), less dense distally, interspersed with fine black setae. Tibia v (Fig 40F)- 1 small spine. Metatarsus pl - 5–6 spines, v (Fig 40F)- 8 spines, rl - 1 spine distally. Tarsus pl - 4–5 spines, v (Fig 40F)- 9 spines (extend pl), rl - 1 spine distally.</p> <p>Distribution and environment notes:</p> <p>This species is widely distributed across the Karoo region, mostly in the Western and Northern Cape provinces of South Africa as seen in Figure 41. The species occurs in a range of soil and vegetation types. The soil types include clay, loam, sand and occasionally silt, but the specimens were most often found in clay or loam soils. All the specimens were collected on open plains near to drainage lines. In these areas the vegetation was mostly low shrubs, with grasses present at few sites.</p> <p>4. Discussion</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D88786FF928B5BFF12FB1DFE93F0EA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brandt, Shannon;Sole, Catherine;Lyle, Robin	Brandt, Shannon, Sole, Catherine, Lyle, Robin (2023): An integrative taxonomy of the genus Stasimopus Simon 1892 (Araneae: Mygalomorphae) of the Karoo with the description of nine new species and a Stasimopus maraisi Hewitt 1914 male. Zootaxa 5341 (1): 1-60, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5341.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5341.1.1
