taxonID	type	description	language	source
038387ADFFA4DF35B3B17D3AFD50FDEE.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Eucosmocydia oedipus Diakonoff, 1988 is the type species of Eucosmocydia. Although we have not examined the holotype, its identity is unambiguous from the original description. According to Diakonoff (1988), E. oedipus is a broad-winged species superficially resembling species of the genus Grapholita Treitschke. The “ forewing is purplish-fuscous, closely and finely striated with pale cinerous (tip of scales). ” Wingspan 10 mm. “ Hind tibia glossy dark grey, a thick pencil of hair-scales dark grey-bronze, posterior tarsus glossy golden. ” “ Hind wing dorsal lobe grey, black-tipped. ” The male genitalia (Diakonoff 1988: fig. 17) are typical of several species of Eucosmocydia, differing from those of the species treated in the present contribution by an even higher tegumen. The valva is slender with a long cucullus, similar to that of E. kirimiriana (Fig. 27). Although Razowski and Trematerra (2008) reported E. oedipus from Mozambique, their illustration of the male genitalia does not agree with Diakonoff ’ s (1988) figure. The cucullus of the valva in the specimen from Mozambique (Razowski and Trematerra 2008, fig. III, 10) is subrectangular, whereas the shape of the valva in the holotype of E. oedipus is more rounded and apically tapered. Presently, E. oedipus is known only from the holotype from Madagascar. DNAbarcode sequences and the life history are unknown.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA4DF35B3B17D3AFD50FDEE.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Holotype ♂, Central Madagascar, massif de l’Andringitra, plateau Soaindrana, 2070 m, 15 Jan 1958, P. Griveaud, genitalia slide 8461 (MNHN).	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA5DF37B3B17979FB50FDDD.taxon	description	Fig. 2, 3, 20, 28, 36, 37 “ Grapholitini sp. 6 ”: Brown et al. 2014: 350.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA5DF37B3B17979FB50FDDD.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Eucosmocydia pappeana is the largest species of the genus (forewing length 6.0 – 7.0 mm), and males are the most easily distinguished superficially. The basal half of the forewing is much darker than in relatives, with black patches frosted with white scales. The hindwing has conspicuous linear white patches in the costal, discal, and subanal regions. Also, there is a tuft of specialized black scales laterally from the first abdominal segment. In the male genitalia the ventro-basal margin of the cucullus is more angled than in related species, where it is usually more rounded; the phallus is bent medially, rather than subterminally; and the dorsoposterior edge of the basal cavity of the valva is extended dorsally. In the female genitalia sternite 7 is distinctly elongate, and the cupshaped anterior part of the sterigma is short.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA5DF37B3B17979FB50FDDD.taxon	description	Description. Male. Head. Scales of vertex and frons dark gray mixed with pale gray; labial palpus weakly upturned, length ca. 1.2 times diameter of compound eye, third segment exposed, scales of labial palpus and basal flagellomeres of antenna concolorous with vertex. Thorax. Nota and tegula mostly black with four ill-defined, small patches of ochreous scales. Forewing length 6.0 – 7.0 mm (n = 2); forewing (Fig. 2) slightly expanding terminad; costa weakly arched throughout; termen shallowly concave beneath apex, broadly convex in remainder; upperside ground color whitish, mixed with orange in posterior half of wing; pattern slightly two-toned, with dark basal 0.5 and paler distal 0.5; with large subsquare blotch from hind margin approximately 0.2 – 0.4 distance from base to tornus, representing dorsal part of median fascia, with a pair of short white lines at its outer margin, a few scattered, irregular, similarly colored blotches between blotch and costa; distal 0.5 of forewing with ground color pale brown with scattered black and gray scales; tornal blotch ill-defined; costal strigulae white, divisions brown; speculum near mid-termen dirty orange, with slender cream crescent-shaped mark with three or four black inner dots. Fringe pale brown. Hindwing dark brown with costa and subcosta white, an ill-defined white streak near middle of wing, and an elongate, slightly teardrop-shaped, white patch in subanal region. Fringe cream with brown basal line. Abdomen. Segment 7 (Fig. 28) with expanded sclerite at mid-venter of anterior margin, coneshaped anteriorly, slightly rounded posteriorly. Genitalia (Fig. 20) with tegumen fairly broad; proximal part of valva and ventral edge of sacculus straight; dorsoposterior edge of basal cavity extending above costa; ventral lobe of cucullus distinct, rounded, dorsal lobe slender; phallus slender, bent, with small ventroterminal thorn; caulis from a distinct convexity. Female. Head and thorax. Essentially as described for male, except forewing upperside darker with pattern less defined (i. e., less contrast between basal and distal halves) with ill-defined dorsal lines and paler brown blotch, fewer white scales (Fig. 3); and hindwing with indistinct traces of pale fasciae replacing white streaks in male. Abdomen. Lacking bands of white scales at posterior margin of segments. Venter of segment 7 with weakly sclerotized trapezoidal region. Genitalia (Fig. 36, 37) with postvaginal sterigma formed by two weak dentate lateral plates; triangular region surrounding ostium short, stout, with small rounded expansion at anterior end, giving rise to frail ductus bursae; colliculum distinct; ductus bursae slender in posterior 0.3, gradually broadening anteriorly, more abruptly at origin of ductus seminalis; ductus bursae approximately as long as corpus bursae; corpus bursae rounded, finely punctate, with a pair of curved, thornlike signa about equal in size. DNA barcodes. There are nine sequences of this species (from Kenya) in BOLD (BIN: ABW 2608), with an average distance of 0.59 % among samples, and 3.69 % distance to its nearest neighbor. Two barcoded specimens from South Africa are 99.69 % similar to those from Kenya. Barcodes suggest that E. pappeana may be the sister to E. mixographa. Types. Holotype ♂, Kenya, Coast Province, Ronge-Nyika, mixed shrub and grassland, − 3.41022, 38.42447, 943 m, 8 Jul 2012, r. f. Pappea capensis, CHIESA 240, R. Copeland. Paratypes (8 ♂, 6 ♀). Kenya: Coast Province: Ronge-Nyika, mixed shrub and grassland, − 3.41022, 38.42447, 943 m, 6 Jul 2012 (1 ♂, 1 ♀), r. f. Pappea capensis, CHIESA 240, R. Copeland. Kitale-Marich Pass road, 01 ° 23.870 ′ N, 35 ° 29.477 ′ E, 1510 m, 17 Dec 2005 (1 ♂, 3 ♀), r. f. Pappea capensis, A & M # 3160, R. Copeland. Naro Moru Lodge, 0 ° 09 ′ N, 37 ° 01 ′ E, 1980 m, 4 Sep 2003 (1 ♂, 1 ♀), r. f. Pappea capensis, A & M # 2552, R. Copeland. South Africa: Gauteng: Pretoria East, 25 ° 48 ′ S, 28 ° 22 ′ E, 1000 m, 9 Nov 2004 (1 ♀), J. & W. DePrins (RMCA). Roodeplaat Ag. Res. Ctr., − 25.6051, 28.3550, 2 Feb 2015 (5 ♂), J. Brown & T. Gilligan (USNM).	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA5DF37B3B17979FB50FDDD.taxon	distribution	Distribution and biology. Eucosmocydia pappeana is known from South Africa and Kenya. The Kenyan specimens were all reared from Pappea capensis Eckl. & Zeyh. (Sapindaceae) (n = 9).	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA5DF37B3B17979FB50FDDD.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the genus of the host plant, Pappea Eckl. & Zeyh.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA5DF37B3B17979FB50FDDD.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Specimens from South Africa have a considerably smaller forewing length than those from Kenya, and the forewing pattern of males is less contrasting. However, the genitalia of both sexes and male secondary features are identical between the two groups of specimens (i. e., those from Kenya and South Africa), and the barcodes from South African specimens (n = 2) are 99.69 % similar to those from Kenya (n = 9).	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA7DF30B3B1790BFBAEFEFA.taxon	description	Fig. 5, 38	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA7DF30B3B1790BFBAEFEFA.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species has a slightly more two-toned forewing than most species in the genus, with a densely checkered orange basal half and a darker distal half, with the halves conspicuously separated by a slightly arched, black median fascia extending from the costa to the hind margin. In facies, E. mixographa is most similar to E. deinbolliana, but in E. mixographa the basal half of the forewing is yellow-orange followed by blackish maculation, whereas in E. deinbolliana the basal half of the forewing is mostly brownish.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA7DF30B3B1790BFBAEFEFA.taxon	description	Redescription. Male. Not examined. Female. Head. Vertex and frons pale yellow-orange; labial palpus pale yellow-orange; antenna with narrow ring of pale-yellow scales on each flagellomere. Thorax. Nota covered with orange-tipped brown scales; tegula long, with flat orange-tipped brown scales. Forewing (Fig. 5) length 4.5 – 4.8 mm (n = 2); forewing expanding terminad; distal half of costa bent; termen with shallow subapical notch, convex beneath notch; upperside ground color yellow-brown, tinged rust to middle; costal strigulae white, well developed beyond middle; speculum brown with orange marks, followed by whitish, convex line; basal area limited by concave brown line edged with white posteriorly; black-brown markings across wing followed by yellow-rust subtornal area; tornal area brown. Fringe brownish gray with some orange adjacent to speculum, darker brown towards tornus. Hindwing dark brown, fringe grey-brown. Abdomen. Genitalia (Fig. 38) with papillae anales slender, slightly expanded posteriorly; apophyses as described for genus; sterigma mostly membranous, with a pair of somewhat faint, weakly scobinate, oblong patches in post-ostial area, anterior margin of sterigma narrow crescent-shaped; ductus bursae long, slender; corpus bursae ovoid with a pair of thorn-shaped signa. DNA barcode. There are two identical sequences of this species (BIN: AAU 2217) in BOLD, both from Nigeria. In the ML tree (Fig. 1), E. mixographa is sister to E. pappeana. Types. Lectotype ♀, Eala, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Mar 1936, Ghesquière; genital prep. 98060 L. Aarvik (RMCA). Paralectotype: Same data as holotype (1 ♂) (BMNH). Additional specimens examined: Nigeria: Oyo State, Ibadan, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, 7.5008 ° N, 3.9065 ° E, 240 m, 16 Jun 2006 (1 ♀), 30 Jun 2006 (1 ♀), G. M. Miller & T. M. Kuklenski, USNM slide 143,434 (USNM).	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA7DF30B3B1790BFBAEFEFA.taxon	distribution	Distribution and biology. This species is known from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Nigeria. Ghesquière (1940) reported “ Caterpillars in immature pods of Piptadenia africana [H. f. (Fabaceae)] and fruits of Mallotus oppositifolius [Muell. - Arg. (Euphorbiaceae)] together with Carposina impavida ” (Carposinidae). These observations suggest that E. mixographa may be a generalist scavenger in dead or decaying fruit tissues, and not a specialist, as its congeners appear to be.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA7DF30B3B1790BFBAEFEFA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species was described from two specimens, both from the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The lectotype was selected by Aarvik in 1998 but was not published until 2010 when Razowski et al. (2010) provisionally assigned the species to Eucosmocydia based on similarities of the genitalia with other African species of that genus. The genitalia of the two females from Nigeria appear to closely match those of the lectotype, even though the forewing pattern of those two specimens differs slightly from that of the lectotype.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA0DF30B3B17A6EFBBFF9AF.taxon	description	Fig. 10, 11, 19, 25, 33, 43 “ Grapholitini sp. 22 ”: Brown et al. 2014: 351.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA0DF30B3B17A6EFBBFF9AF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. In E. pancoviana both the forewing and hindwing are darker than in most other members of the genus, with more extensive leaden gray scaling in the distal half of the forewing. In the hindwing of the male, the costa is white and there is a narrow cream streak in the subanal region, which serve to distinguish it from other members of the group. The male genitalia are most similar to those of E. kirimiriana with the basal 0.5 of the valva narrower than the distal, upcurved 0.5 (cucullus).	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA0DF30B3B17A6EFBBFF9AF.taxon	description	Description. Male. Head. Scales of vertex and frons grayish brown; labial palpus weakly upturned, length approximately 1.2 times diameter of compound eye, third segment exposed, scales of labial palpus and basal flagellomeres of antenna concolorous with vertex. Thorax. Nota and tegula brown, frosted with cream-tipped scales. Forewing (Fig. 10) length 4.5 – 5.0 mm (n = 5); forewing with costa weakly curved throughout, termen with shallow notch immediately below apex, rounded convex in remainder; upperside ground color dark brown, basal 0.33 with faint, irregular streaks of striae of cream scales; an irregular, dark brown, oblique line from basal 0.33 of hind margin bordering inner region; distal 0.66 of forewing with more complex pattern of irregular brown and leaden gray blotches, and orange striae; costal strigulae cream and gray, divisions black or brown, in some forming blackish dashes; speculum near mid-termen with extremely narrow, pale orange, crescent-shaped mark bordering wider leaden crescent, with three distinct black dots. Fringe pale brown. Hindwing dark brown, paler in costa and subcostal regions. Fringe pale cream with brown basal line. Abdomen. Brown with narrow cream band at distal margin of each segment. Segment 7 (Fig. 33) with expanded sclerite at mid-venter, rounded at anterior margin, with weakly subtriangular, median pointed process posteriorly. Male genitalia (Fig. 25) with tegumen broad, rounded, with sparse fine setae in dorso-posterior 0.6 representing fused socii; valva with costa upcurved in distal 0.7, venter with shallow, weakly curved concavity in basal 0.3 creating ill-defined “ neck, ” cucullus representing distal 0.5 of valva, rather broad; caulis long, rodlike, attached to phallus subbasally; phallus downcurved at ca. 0.6 distance from phallobase to apex, then weakly upcurved in distal 0.2. Female. Head and thorax. Essentially as described for male, except hindwing uniformly brown (Fig. 11). Abdomen. Brown with narrow, ill-defined, pale line at distal edge of each segment. Genitalia (Fig. 43) with membranous, cup-shaped part of sterigma short; post-ostial sterigma broad, weakly sclerotized; sclerite of colliculum short, weak; ductus bursae slender to before middle where ductus seminalis originates; corpus bursae rounded, a pair of small, thorn-shaped signa. DNA barcodes. There are two identical sequences of this species in BOLD (BIN: ACH 7952), and E. pancoviana appears to be sister to E. deinbolliana. Types. Holotype ♂, Kenya, Coast Province, Kasigau Forest, - 3.82039, 38.66122, 1283 m, CHIESA 334, r. f. Pancovia golungensis, 14 Oct 2012, R. Copeland. Paratypes (11 ♂, 15 ♀). Kenya: Same data as holotype.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA0DF30B3B17A6EFBBFF9AF.taxon	distribution	Distribution and biology. This species is known from a long series of specimens from Kasigau Forest, Kenya, where it was reared from Pancovia golungensis (Hiern) Exell & Mendonça (Sapindaceae).	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA0DF30B3B17A6EFBBFF9AF.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the genus of the host plant, Pancovia Willd.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA0DF32B3B17D39FAF0FBCB.taxon	description	Fig. 4, 21, 30 “ Grapholitini sp. 3 ”: Brown et al. 2014: 350.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA0DF32B3B17D39FAF0FBCB.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Eucosmocydia deinbolliana is morphologically most similar to E. pancoviana, with both the forewing and the hindwing mostly dark brown. It can be distinguished from the latter by the orange rather than leaden gray scales in the distal half of the forewing, and by the more expanded patch of pale scales on the undersurface of the hindwing. Males are easily distinguished by the shape of the sclerite of segment 7 (Fig. 30).	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA0DF32B3B17D39FAF0FBCB.taxon	description	Description. Male. Head. Scales of vertex and frons grayish brown; labial palpus weakly upturned, length approximately 1.2 times diameter of compound eye, third segment exposed, scales of labial palpus and basal flagellomeres of antenna concolorous with vertex. Thorax. Nota and tegula brown, frosted with cream-tipped scales. Forewing (Fig. 4) length 4.5 mm (n = 1); forewing with costa weakly curved throughout, termen with shallow notch immediately below apex, rounded convex in remainder; upperside ground color dark brown, basal 0.33 with faint, irregular streaks of striae of cream scales; an irregular, dark brown, oblique line from basal 0.33 of hind margin bordering inner region; distal 0.66 of forewing with more complex pattern of irregular brown and leaden gray blotches, and orange striae; costal strigulae cream and gray, divisions black or brown, some in forming blackish dashes; speculum near mid-termen with extremely narrow, pale orange, crescent-shaped mark bordering wider leaden crescent, with three distinct black dots. Fringe pale brown. Hindwing dark brown, paler in costa and subcostal regions. Fringe pale cream with brown basal line. Abdomen. Brown with narrow cream band at distal margin of each segment. Segment 7 (Fig. 30) with small subquadrate sclerite at mid-venter. Male genitalia (Fig. 21) with tegumen broad, rounded, with sparse fine setae in dorso-posterior 0.6 representing fused socii; valva with costa upcurved in distal 0.7, venter with shallow, weakly curved concavity in basal 0.3 creating ill-defined “ neck, ” cucullus representing distal 0.5 of valva, rather broad; caulis long, rodlike, attached to phallus subbasally; phallus downcurved at ca 0.6 distance from phallobase to apex, then weakly upcurved in distal 0.2. Female. Unknown. DNA barcodes. There is one sequence of this species in BOLD (BIN: ABW 2619), and it suggests that E. deinbolliana is sister to E. mixographa.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA0DF32B3B17D39FAF0FBCB.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Holotype ♂, Kenya, Arabuko-Sokoke Forest, ca. 3 ° 18.1 ′ S. 39 ° 59.14 ′ E, 9 Jan 2000, A & M # 418, R. Copeland, ICIPE / USAID, r. f. Deinbollia borbonica, USNM slide 153,700.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA0DF32B3B17D39FAF0FBCB.taxon	distribution	Distribution and biology. This species is described from the Arabuko-Sokoke Forest in Kenya. The holotype and only known specimen was reared from the fruit of Deinbollia borbonica Scheff. (Sapindaceae).	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA0DF32B3B17D39FAF0FBCB.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the genus of the host plant, Deinbollia Schumach. & Thonn.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA2DF2CB3B17F1DFC34FD8B.taxon	description	Fig. 18, 22, 29	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA2DF2CB3B17F1DFC34FD8B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This is a dark species with a forewing pattern as in E. pancoviana and the hindwing most similar to that of E. deinbolliana. It differs from these two species by the shape of the large, light patch extending to the dorsal margin in the anal area of the hindwing. The sclerite of segment 7 in the male differs from that of E. deinbolliana by its more subtriangular shape and rounded anterior margin (the margin is straight in E. deinbolliana).	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA2DF2CB3B17F1DFC34FD8B.taxon	description	Description. Male. Head. Frons whitish, vertex ocherous; labial palpus upturned, length approximately 1.2 times diameter of compound eye, third segment exposed, labial palpus and scape of antenna concolorous with vertex; antenna ringed brown and ocherous. Thorax. Nota and tegula with brown, yellow-tipped scales. Forewing (Fig. 18) length 4.0 – 4.5 mm (n = 6); forewing costa weakly curved throughout, termen with shallow notch immediately below apex, rounded convex in remainder; upperside ground color dark brown, basal third mottled with paler scales; an irregular, dark brown, oblique line from basal 0.33 of hind margin bordering inner region; distal 0.66 of forewing with more complex pattern of irregular brown and leaden gray blotches, and orange striae; costal strigulae yellow and gray, divisions black or brown, some forming blackish dashes; speculum near mid-termen, with three distinct black dots, terminally bordered with leaden gray, ocherous line between this and terminal line; terminal line leaden gray. Fringe gray with yellow basal line which is interrupted in tornal area. Hindwing upperside mainly covered with brownish black scales; anal area with pale brownish gray scales from basal third to dorsal margin; line of black scales borders anal margin. Fringe whitish at anal corner becoming more grayish towards apex; cilia line brownish grey. Underside of fore- and hindwing pale brownish gray, with deep black scaling forming longitudinal patches. Anal lobe on upperside white with narrow, black proximal line; underside white, with black patch in distal half and black proximal margin. Hind tibia with pencil of pale brownish gray hair-scales. Abdomen. Black with pale brownish gray band at distal margin of each segment. Segment 7 (Fig. 29) with rounded subtriangular sclerite at mid-venter. Male genitalia (Fig. 22) with tegumen broad, rounded, laterally with sparse fine setae; valva with costa nearly straight in basal three fifths, distally upcurved; venter with curved concavity – depth of concavity depending on position under the cover glass; cucullus representing distal half of valva, rather broad, becoming slightly narrower distally, dorsal margin broad, unspined; caulis long, rodlike, attached to phallus subbasally; phallus with slight subdistal constriction, distally tapered, with pointed apex. Female. Unknown.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA2DF2CB3B17F1DFC34FD8B.taxon	materials_examined	DNA barcodes. No sequence data are available for this species. Types. Holotype ♂, Uganda, Kasese District: Kibale Nat. Park, [UTM] 36 N TF 0582 6208, 1500 m, 19 – 24 Oct 2014, L. Aarvik & K. Larsen, genitalia slide NHMO 3762 (NHMO). Paratypes (5 ♂). Uganda: Same data as holotype, one with genitalia on slide NHMO 3761 (NHMO).	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA2DF2CB3B17F1DFC34FD8B.taxon	distribution	Distribution and biology. This species is known only from Kibale Forest in western Uganda. The specimens were attracted to light. Nothing is known about the species’ early stages.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFA2DF2CB3B17F1DFC34FD8B.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the country of the type locality.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFBCDF2EB3B179DCFE51FBD5.taxon	description	Fig. 6, 7, 23, 31, 42 “ Grapholitini sp. 5 ”: Brown et al. 2014: 350.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFBCDF2EB3B179DCFE51FBD5.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Like several congeners, the forewing of E. lecaniodiscana has a slightly two-toned aspect, with the basal half paler, checkered brown and cream, and the distal half darker, with a complex pattern of striae, short dashes, and small patches of black, leaden gray, and orange-brown (Fig. 6, 7). In facies, E. lecaniodiscana most resembles the South African E. trigonoptila (Meyrick) and the Nigerian E. nigeriana. It differs from E. trigonoptila in having a perpendicular tornal line edging the speculum, and it is nearly indistinguishable from E. nigeriana, with rows of black scales on the hindwing (in the lower anal region and along some veins) of the male (Fig. 6). The male genitalia of E. lecaniodiscana (Fig. 23) are most similar to those of E. nigeriana (Fig. 24) with the caulis long and rodlike, and the cucullus considerably more rounded than in other congeners. However, the ventral margin of the cucullus of E. lecaniodiscana is slightly longer and slightly less rounded than that of E. nigeriana. In E. lecaniodiscana the sclerite of abdominal segment 7 (Fig. 31) is slightly more trapezoidal than the somewhat flattened-crescent-shaped sclerite of E. nigeriana (Fig. 32) and that of E. lecaniodiscana lacks the tiny, posteriorly-directed, median triangular process of E. nigeriana. In the female genitalia of E. lecaniodiscana (Fig. 42), the pocket of the sterigma is not as wide as in other congeners, and is more rounded and funnel-shaped anteriorly.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFBCDF2EB3B179DCFE51FBD5.taxon	description	Description. Male. Head. Scales of vertex and frons pale gray mixed with cream; labial palpus weakly upturned, length approximately 1.2 times diameter of compound eye, third segment exposed, scales of labial palpus and basal flagellomeres of antenna concolorous with vertex. Thorax. Nota and tegula pale brown speckled with cream. Forewing (Fig. 6) length 5.0 – 5.5 mm (n = 5); forewing with costa gently arched throughout, termen weakly concave beneath apex, broadly convex in remainder; pattern slightly two-toned, with slender, ill-defined, brown, median line dividing basal 0.5 from distal 0.5, terminating before costa; upperside ground color in basal 0.5 yellowish cream, speckled with greyish brown; distal 0.5 with pattern more complex including small irregular patches of pale orange and brown, a larger leaden gray patch in tornus; brown median fascia from before middorsum to subcostal area accompanied by a delicate parallel line from tornus followed by broad brown diffuse patch reaching speculum; speculum near mid-termen with slender, pinkish cream crescent-shaped mark and two black dots; costal strigulae cream, slender, divisions brownish, latter with two inner spots limited by whitish terminal line. Fringe orange-yellow with brown basal line. Forewing underside tan with alternating rows of black and cream scales in basal 0.75, except in costal region, vein at lower edge of discal cell and hind margin cream. Hindwing brown, paler in basal region, with scattered black scales in male. Fringe cream with brown basal line. Abdomen. Segment 7 (Fig. 31) with rounded-trapezoidal sclerite at mid-venter of anterior margin. Genitalia (Fig. 23) with tegumen slender, tapering terminad, pointed, with sparse fine setae in dorso-posterior 0.5 representing fused socii; valva narrowest in basal 0.5, ventral margin abruptly broadened and rounded at base of cucullus, costa and ventral margins of cucullus somewhat parallel-sided, rounded; caulis long, rodlike, from distinct convexity; phallus long, bent, curved terminally, with small terminal thorn, distinctly expanded at junction with caulis. Female. Head and thorax. Essentially as described for male, but hindwing uniformly dark brown (Fig. 7). Abdomen. Venter of segment 7 with broad, subsquare area of faint sclerotization. Female genitalia (Fig. 42) with a pair of bristly pads at posterior margin of segment 7; area surrounding ostium a broadly triangular pocket with irregularly rounded, slight expansion at anterior end, giving rise to frail part of ductus bursae; ductus bursae slender in posterior 0.5 broader in anterior 0.5 beginning at origin of ductus seminalis; corpus round with two thorn-shaped signa of similar size. DNA barcodes. There are seven sequences of this species in BOLD (BIN: ABW 2609) (three of which are outside the BIN with short sequences of 307 bp, and were not included in analyses), with an average distance of 0.88 % among samples, and a distance of 4.17 % to the nearest neighbor, E. nigeriana. Types. Holotype ♂, Kenya, Ungoye, 0 ° 36.807 ′ S, 34 ° 05.371 ′ E, 1159 m, 10 Apr 2005, r. f. Blighia unijugata, A & M # 3102, R. Copeland, USNM slide 142,071 (USNM). Paratypes (6 ♂, 10 ♀). Kenya: Coast: Gede Forest, 3 ° 18.57 ′ S, 40 ° 01.084 ′ E, 5 Jun 1999 (5 ♂, 7 ♀), r. f. Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius, KIP- 14, R. Copeland. Gede Forest, 3 ° 18.47 ′ S, 40 ° 01.05 ′ E, 23 May 2000 (1 ♀), r. f. Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius, KIP- 571, R. Copeland. Mtwapa, 3 ° 56.67 ′ S, 39 ° 46.35 E, 7 Jan 2000 (1 ♀), r. f., Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius, KIP- 310. Ungoye, 0 ° 36.807 ′ S, 34 ° 05.371 E, 1159 m, 10 Apr 2005 (1 ♀), r. f. Blighia unijugata, A & M # 3102, R. Copeland. Gongoni Forest, 4 ° 24.23 ′ S, 39 ° 28.21 E, 15 Feb 2002 (1 ♂), r. f. Haplocoelopsis africana, ICIPE / USAID # 1752, R. Copeland. Additional specimens examined. Kenya: Gede Forest, 3 ° 18.57 ′ S, 40 ° 01.084 ′ E, 5 Jun 1999 (5 specimens) r. f. Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius, KIP- 14, R. Copeland. Gede Forest, 3 ° 18.47 ′ S, 40 ° 01.05 ′ E, 23 May 2000 (1 ♂), r. f. Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius, KIP- 571, R. Copeland. Ungoye, 0 ° 36.807 ′ S, 34 ° 05.371 E, 1159 m, 10 Apr 2005 (1 no abd.), r. f. Blighia unijugata, A & M # 3102, R. Copeland.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFBCDF2EB3B179DCFE51FBD5.taxon	distribution	Distribution and biology. Eucosmocydia lecaniodiscana is known only from Kenya, where it was reared from Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius Baker (n = 20), Blighia unijugata Baker (n = 3), and Haplocoelopsis africana F. G. Davies (n = 1) (all Sapindaceae).	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFBCDF2EB3B179DCFE51FBD5.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the genus of the most commonly recorded host plant, Lecaniodiscus Planch. ex Benth.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFBEDF28B3B17F33FC34FCC2.taxon	description	Fig. 8, 9, 24, 32, 39	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFBEDF28B3B17F33FC34FCC2.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Eucosmocydia nigeriana is nearly indistinguishable from E. lecaniodiscana in facies, male secondary features, and genitalia. However, in the female genitalia of E. nigeriana, the somewhat parallel-sided anteriormost portion of the pocket of the sterigma is slightly shorter than that of E. lecaniodiscana. Also, the sclerite of abdominal segment 7 of the male (Fig. 32) has a small, median, triangular point, rather than rounded as in E. lecaniodiscana (Fig. 31). These slight differences in morphology are corroborated by differences in barcodes (see below).	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFBEDF28B3B17F33FC34FCC2.taxon	description	Description. Male. Head. Scales of vertex and frons pale gray mixed with cream; labial palpus weakly upturned, length approximately 1.2 times diameter of compound eye, third segment exposed, scales of labial palpus and basal flagellomeres of antenna concolorous with vertex. Thorax. Nota and tegula pale brown speckled with cream. Forewing (Fig. 8) length 5.0 – 5.5 mm (n = 2); forewing with costa gently arched throughout, termen weakly concave beneath apex, broadly convex in remainder; pattern slightly two-toned, with slender, ill-defined, brown, median line dividing basal 0.5 from distal 0.5, terminating before costa; upperside ground color in basal 0.5 orange yellow, speckled with greyish brown; distal 0.5 with pattern more complex including small irregular patches of pale orange and brown, a larger leaden gray patch in tornus; costal strigulae cream, slender, divisions brownish; speculum near mid-termen with slender, pinkish cream crescent-shaped mark and two black dots. Forewing underside tan with alternating rows of black and cream scales in basal 0.75, except in costal region, hind margin cream. Fringe orange-yellow with brown basal line. Hindwing brown, paler in basal region, with scattered black scales in male. Fringe cream with brown basal line. Abdomen. Segment 7 (Fig. 32) with rounded-trapezoidal sclerite at mid-venter of anterior margin, with a small, median, triangular point on posterior margin. Genitalia (Fig. 24) with tegumen broad, ovoid, with sparse fine setae in dorso-posterior 0.5 representing fused socii valva narrowest in basal 0.5, ventral margin abruptly broadened and rounded at base of cucullus, costa and ventral margins of cucullus somewhat parallel-sided, rounded; caulis long, rodlike; phallus somewhat evenly curved throughout, distinctly expanded at junction with caulis. Female. Head and thorax. Essentially as described for male, but hindwing uniformly dark brown (Fig. 9). Abdomen. Venter of segment 7 with broad, subsquare area of faint sclerotization. Female genitalia (Fig. 39) with pair of ill-defined, bristly pads at posterior margin of segment 7; pocket of ostium triangular with irregularly rounded, slight expansion at anterior end, giving rise to frail part of ductus bursae; ductus bursae slender in posterior 0.5 broader in anterior 0.5 starting at origin of ductus seminalis; corpus round with two thorn-shaped signa of similar size. DNA barcodes. There are three sequences of this species in BOLD (BIN: AAU 2218), with an average distance of 0.1 % among them, and a 4.01 % distance to the nearest neighbor, E. lecaniodiscana. Types. Holotype ♂, Nigeria, Oyo State, Ibadan, International Institute for Tropical Agriculture, 7.5008 ° N, 3.9065 ° E, 240 m, 19 Jun 2006, G. M. Miller & T. M. Kuklenski (USNM). Paratypes (1 ♂, 1 ♀). Nigeria: Oyo State, Ibadan, International Institute for Tropical Agriculture, 7.5008 ° N, 3.9065 ° E, 240 m, 14 – 31 Mar 2006 (1 ♀), S. E. Miller & T. M. Kuklenski, 18 Jun 2006 (1 ♂), T. M. Kuklenski & T. Olorode (USNM).	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFBEDF28B3B17F33FC34FCC2.taxon	distribution	Distribution and biology. Eucosmocydia nigeriana is known only from Nigeria, where it was collected from ultraviolet light. Nothing is known of the early stages.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFBEDF28B3B17F33FC34FCC2.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the country of the type locality.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFB8DF2AB3B17806FBEAFDFE.taxon	description	Fig. 14, 15, 27, 35, 44 “ Grapholitini sp. 7 ”: Brown et al. 2014: 350.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFB8DF2AB3B17806FBEAFDFE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Eucosmocydia kirimiriana shares a small ocherous patch at the apex of the forewing with E. chlorobathra. However, in E. kirimiriana the forewing is more uniformly patterned throughout with dark brown and orange, except for a small, pale gray-ocherous patch at the base of the forewing costa in both sexes (Fig. 14, 15), the latter of which serves to distinguish this species from its relatives. In the male genitalia, the cucullus is slightly longer with a less defined inner margin (more weakly and evenly rounded), and the phallus is slightly shorter than in related species.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFB8DF2AB3B17806FBEAFDFE.taxon	description	Description. Male. Head. Scales of vertex and frons pale ocherous; labial palpus weakly upturned, length approximately 1.2 times diameter of compound eye, third segment exposed, scales of labial palpus and basal flagellomeres of antenna concolorous with vertex. Thorax. Nota mostly pale brown, tegula brownish ocherous. Forewing (Fig. 14) length 4.0 – 5.0 mm (n = 10); forewing with costa nearly straight, termen weakly concave beneath apex, convex in remainder; forewing pattern mottled throughout without distinct basal and distal halves; upperside ground color dark brown, with small patches and streaks of orange and dark gray scattered throughout, an ill-defined subbasal fascia formed by three or four dark brown to black spots, bordered by orange, angled slightly obliquely outward from hind margin ca. 0.3 distance from base to tornus, approaching a longer concolorous dash from costa near upper margin of discal cell; costal strigulae cream and gray, divisions black or brown, some in form of long blackish dashes; speculum near mid-termen with slender pale orange, crescent-shaped mark with two black dots. Fringe pale brown. Hindwing dark brown, paler in costa and subcostal regions. Fringe pale cream with brown basal line. Abdomen. Segment 7 (Fig. 35) with narrow, small, slightly curved sclerite at mid-venter of anterior margin. Genitalia (Fig. 27) with tegumen broad, ovoid, with sparse fine setae in dorso-posterior 0.6 representing fused socii; valva slender, with shallow, weakly curved concavity in basal 0.3 creating “ neck, ” cucullus representing distal 0.65 of valva; caulis short, broad; phallus evenly curved in distal 0.65, distinctly expanded at junction with caulis. Female. Head and thorax. Essentially as described for male, except hindwing more uniformly brown, slightly paler in discal area, lacking secondary sex scales (Fig. 15). Abdomen. Dark brown. Genitalia (Fig. 44) with a pair of faint punctate regions at posterior margin of sternite 7; area surrounding ostium a shallow cup-shaped pocket; ductus bursae slender in posterior 0.5 (missing in preparation) broader in anterior 0.5 beginning at origin of ductus seminalis; corpus pear-shaped with two thorn-shaped signa of similar size. DNA barcodes. There are six sequences of this species in BOLD (BIN: ABW 2613), with an average distance of 0.14 % among them and a 6.10 % distance to its nearest neighbor, E. chlorobathra. Types. Holotype ♂, Kenya, Eastern Province, Kirimiri Forest, 1710 m, 0 ° 25.62 ′ S, 37 ° 32.83 ′ E, 21 Jan 2003, r. f. Allophylus ferrugineus, A & M # 2393, R. S. Copeland. Paratypes (11 ♂, 4 ♀). Kenya: Eastern Province, Kirimiri Forest, 1710 m, 0 ° 25.62 ′ S, 37 ° 32.83 ′ E, 8 Nov 2001 (1 ♀), A & M # 1536, 17 Dec 2002 (1 ♂), A & M # 2316, 21 Jan 2003 (10 ♂, 3 ♀), A & M # 2393, r. f. Allophylus ferrugineus, R. S. Copeland.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFB8DF2AB3B17806FBEAFDFE.taxon	distribution	Distribution and biology. Eucosmocydia kirimiriana is known only from the Kirimiri Forest of Kenya where it was reared from Allophylus ferrugineus (Sapindaceae).	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFB8DF2AB3B17806FBEAFDFE.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the type locality of the Kirimiri Forest.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFBADF2BB3B17969FE59FCD8.taxon	description	Fig. 12, 13, 26, 34, 40, 41	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFBADF2BB3B17969FE59FCD8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The forewing of the female of E. chlorobathra is dark and somewhat mottled throughout as in E. kirimiriana, but it lacks the small ocherous patch at the base of the forewing characteristic of the latter. In the male genitalia of E. chlorobathra (Fig. 26), the valvae are considerably broader than in other species of the genus, and the distal 0.2 of the phallus is slightly upturned.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFBADF2BB3B17969FE59FCD8.taxon	description	Redescription. Male. Head. Scales of vertex and frons pale reddish ocherous; labial palpus weakly upturned, length approximately 1.2 times diameter of compound eye, third segment exposed, scales of labial palpus and basal flagellomeres of antenna concolorous with vertex. Thorax. Nota mostly brown, tegula slightly paler. Forewing length 4.0 mm (n = 3); forewing with costa weakly curved throughout, termen weakly concave beneath apex, convex in remainder; forewing pattern mottled throughout without, but distinctly paler in distal 0.5; upperside ground color dark brown, with small patches and streaks of gray scattered throughout, more dense in basal 0.33; costal strigulae cream and gray, divisions black or brown, some in forming blackish dashes; speculum near mid-termen with slender pale orange, crescent-shaped mark with one black dot. Forewing underside tan with alternating rows of black and cream scales in basal 0.75, except three larger, patches of black scales, one irregular patch near base of wing at costal edge of discal cell, one elongate subrectangular patch arising near base of wing extending along CuP, and one irregular patch just beyond terminal of latter patch. Fringe pale brown. Hindwing dark brown, paler in costa and subcostal regions. Fringe pale cream with brown basal line. Hind tibia with pencil of whitish hair-scales. Abdomen. Sternite 7 with narrow crescent-shaped sclerite at mid-venter of anterior margin (Fig. 34). Genitalia (Fig. 26) with tegumen broad, rounded, with sparse fine setae in dorso-posterior 0.6 representing fused socii; valva with costa upcurved n distal 0.7, venter with shallow, weakly curved concavity in basal 0.3 creating ill-defined “ neck, ” cucullus representing distal 0.5 of valva, rather broad; caulis long, rodlike, attached to phallus subbasally; phallus downcurved at ca 0.6 distance from phallobase to apex, then weakly upcurved in distal 0.2. Female. Head and thorax. Essentially as described for male, except lacking black scales on upperside of hindwing and underside of forewing (Fig. 13). Abdomen. Genitalia (Fig. 40, 41) lacking paired setose patches at posterior margin of sternite 7; area posterad of ostium with wide, V-shaped pocket, vertex of pocket with antrum undifferentiated, more or less confluent with ductus bursae; ductus bursae slender in posterior 0.6 abruptly broadening in anterior 0.4 at origin of ductus seminalis; posterior 0.2 of ductus bursae angled twice, then relatively straight; corpus bursae round, finely punctate throughout, with two thorn-shaped signa of similar size.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFBADF2BB3B17969FE59FCD8.taxon	materials_examined	DNA barcodes. There are six sequences of this species, four from Kenya, and two from South Africa, in BOLD (BIN: ACI 4940), with an average distance of 0.27 % among them, and a 5.78 % distance to their nearest neighbor, E. kirimiriana. Types. Holotype ♀, Aldabra, Seychelles, 1908 J. C. F. Fryer (BMNH). Additional specimens examined (8 ♂, 10 ♀). Kenya: Coast Province, Arabuko-Sokoke Forest, ca. 3 ° 15.56 ′ S, 39 ° 58.50, 25 Aug 1999 (1 ♂, 1 ♀), r. f. Allophylus rubifolius, KIP # 135, R. S. Copeland; same locality, 8 Jul 2001 (1 ♀), r. f. Allophylus pervillei, A & M # 1348; Shimba Hills, 4 ° 16.03 ′ S, 39 ° 23.66 ′ E, 2 May 2001 (1 ♀), r. f. Allophylus pervillei, A & M # 1260, R. Copeland; same locality, 23 Jul 1999 (1 ♂), r. f. Allophylus rubifolius, A & M # 192, R. S. Copeland. Arabuko-Sokoke Forest, 3 ° 18.78 ′ S, 39 ° 58.88 ′ E, 12 Jun 1999 (1 ♂, no abd.), r. f. Allophylus rubifolius, KIP- 30, R. Copeland. Rift Valley Province: Masai Lodge, [UTM] 37 M BU 5679 4682, 1670 m, 25 Nov – 8 Dec 2010 (1 ♂), L. Aarvik & D. Agassiz (NHMO). Malawi: Southern Region, Mulanje District: Lujeri Tea Estate, Guest House, 700 m., 10 Feb 2004 (1 ♀), L. Aarvik (NHMO). Seychelles: Aldabra, Casuarina Grove near Middle Island Camp, 21 Mar 1968 (2 ♀), J. C. Shaffer (USNM). Rift Valley Province: Masai Lodge, [UTM] 37 M BU 5679 4682, 1670 m, 25 Nov – 8 Dec 2010 (1 ♂), L. Aarvik & D. Agassiz (NHMO). South Africa: Mpumalanga Region: Waterval-Boven, St. 11, 28 – 29 Oct 2002 (1 ♂, 1 ♀), H. W. v. d. Wolf (NHMO). Tanzania: Morogoro District and Town, 550 – 600 m, Feb – 23 Apr 1993 (5 ♂, 2 ♀), L. Aarvik, genital prep. L. Aarvik ♂ 2521, ♀ 2700 (NHMO); Morogoro District & Town: Kigurunyembe 700 – 900 m, 7 Mar 1993 (1 ♀), L. Aarvik, genital prep. L. Aarvik 2522 (NHMO); Arumeru District: Usa River, 1170 m, 19 Sep 1991 (1 ♀), L. Aarvik (NHMO).	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFBADF2BB3B17969FE59FCD8.taxon	distribution	Distribution and biology. Eucosmocydia chlorobathra is known from the Seychelles, Kenya, Malawi, Tanzania, and South Africa. In Kenya it was reared from Allophylus pervillei and A. rubifolius (Sapindaceae). In addition to the material listed above, sequence data from two specimens in BOLD (SAFRA 3874 - 18 from Mpumalanga, Kruger National Park, Marula South, Skukuza, 24 Nov 2017 and KMPOU 121 - 19 from Limpopo, Kruger National Park, Nxantseni North, Sangoni, 21 Feb 2019) place them in the same BIN (ACI 4940) as those from Kenya. However, the latter two specimens were not examined; they were collected in Malaise traps, and there are no images of them in BOLD.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFBBDF2BB3B1780FFB7FF8F2.taxon	description	Fig. 16, 45	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFBBDF2BB3B1780FFB7FF8F2.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Eucosmocydia macabensis is superficially similar to other congeners, but the basal half of the forewing is darker than that of most other species, with less orange overscaling, and the apical-most costal strigula is more slender and whiter than in other congeners. Eucosmocydia macabensis also can be distinguished by the presence of a slightly darker and broader (although ill defined), short median fascia extending obliquely from the basal 0.33 of the hind margin of the forewing. The female genitalia of E. macabensis are distinguished by the very small triangular pocket of the sterigma with a conspicuous pair of rugose patches in the lamella postvaginalis.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFBBDF2BB3B1780FFB7FF8F2.taxon	description	Description. Male. Unknown. Female. Head. Vertex and frons, labial palpus, and scales of antenna mostly pale grayish brown. Thorax. Nota brownish grey with a few small patches of darker brown. Forewing length 5.0 mm (n = 3); forewing (Fig. 16) slightly broadened apically; costa weakly convex throughout; termen only weakly concave beneath apex, weakly convex at middle. Upperside ground color pale ocherous densely strigulated and reticulated with brown and a few orange scales; costal strigulae mostly concolorous with ground color, subapical one distinct, white, divisions dark brown; speculum paler than costal strigulae with similar lines and a series of inner spots; markings dark brown in form of dorso-submedian fascia and tornal blotch. Fringe pale brown, darker brown at tornus. Hindwing dark brown, paler basally. Fringe brownish grey. Abdomen. Genitalia (Fig. 45) with papillae anales and apophyses unmodified, as described for the genus; pocket of sterigma short, crescent-shaped, a pair of subrectangular, rugose patches subventrally in post-ostial area; ductus bursae slender, membranous, with slightly bulbous enlargement just beyond ostium, gradually broadened to junction with corpus bursae; corpus bursae rounded, finely punctate throughout, with a pair of thorn-shaped signa, one conspicuously longer than other. DNA barcodes. No sequence data are available for this species. Types. Holotype ♀, Mauritius Islands, Plaines Wilhems District, Macabe Forest, lot 21, 13 Feb 1963, E. D. Cashatt (USNM). Paratypes (2 ♀). Mauritius: Same locality as holotype, lot 18, 28 Jan 1963 (1 ♀), lot 21, 13 Feb 1963 (1 ♀), E. D. Cashatt (USNM).	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFBBDF2BB3B1780FFB7FF8F2.taxon	distribution	Distribution and biology. Eucosmocydia macabensis is known only from the Mauritius Island. The early stages are unknown.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFBBDF2BB3B1780FFB7FF8F2.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the type locality of the Macabe Forest, Mauritius.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFB4DF24B3B17B81FD65FBC7.taxon	description	Fig. 17, 46	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFB4DF24B3B17B81FD65FBC7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. In facies, E. hymenosa is similar to E. lecaniodiscana with the forewing rather cream and pale brown in the basal half and darker brown in distal half (Fig. 17). Because E. hymenosa is known only from the female, male secondary features, which are usually diagnostic for members of this group, are unknown. Nonetheless, E. hymenosa can be distinguished by the presence of a pair of weak patches posterad of the sterigma, and a much narrower and shallower pocket of the sterigma.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFB4DF24B3B17B81FD65FBC7.taxon	description	Redescription. Male. Unknown. Female. Head. Vertex and frons pale orange-yellow, sprinkled with brownish gray [now lacking, details from Razowski 2013]. Thorax. Nota pale orange yellow, sprinkled with brownish grey. Forewing (Fig. 17) length 7.0 mm (n = 1); forewing broad, expanding to middle; costa convex; termen weakly concave beneath apex, broadly convex otherwise; upperside ground color orange yellow, sprinkled and strigulated greyish brown; some longitudinal strigulae at middle of wing; costal strigulae cream, slender, subapical strigula broad, paler, divisions brownish; dorsal patch slightly paler than remainder of wing, with brownish lines; tornal area brown; small blotch at mid-termen; speculum orange-yellow with three brown strigulae. Fringe brownish, orange-yellow at apex. Hindwing uniformly brown. Fringe white-cream with brown basal line. Abdomen. Genitalia (Fig. 46) with papillae anales and apophyses as described for genus; sterigma membranous with a pair of weakly spined patches in posterior part, comprised of thick membrane, antrum of similar composition; ductus bursae long, slender; corpus bursae ovoid with a pair of thorn-shaped signa. DNA barcodes. There are no sequence data available for this species.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFB4DF24B3B17B81FD65FBC7.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Holotype ♀, Nigeria, [Oyo State], Ibadan, [International Institute of Tropical Agriculture], Golf Course Lake, 6 – 10 Feb 1978, D. & M. Davis, USNM slide 143,024 (USNM).	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFB4DF24B3B17B81FD65FBC7.taxon	distribution	Distribution and biology. The life history is unknown, but based on related species, it is likely that the larvae of E. hymenosa feed in the fruit of Sapindaceae.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFB4DF25B3B17F01FED5FA0D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. In facies, E. trigonoptila is similar to several congeners (see Razowski and Kr ü ger 2007: 136, fig. 149), but perhaps most similar to E. mixographa and E. hymenosa, with the forewing rather paler and poorly marked in the basal half and darker with a complex pattern in the distal half. Although the type is missing the abdomen, the comparatively dark hindwing with blackish scales arranged in longitudinal rows separate this species from its closest relatives.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFB4DF25B3B17F01FED5FA0D.taxon	description	Redescription. Male. Head. Vertex and labial palpi pale orange-yellow. Thorax. Nota concolorous with head. Posterior tibia with large, triangular, expanded tuft of pale gray-ocherous scales extending nearly to end of segment. Forewing length approximately 7.0 mm (n = 1); forewing costa gently arched throughout, termen with weak concavity immediately below apex, remainder convex; upperside ground color orange-fuscous irrorated with pale ocherous scales, costal strigulae gray, brown, and cream; four oblique leaden-gray striae from costa between pairs of strigulae, one extending to termen beneath apex; median and pretornal fasciae ill-defined, comprised of dark indigo suffusion extending from near hind margin approximately 0.66 across wing, basal fascia edged anteriorly by a slightly curved dark fuscous line, with some fulvous-ocherous dots; a patch of fulvous-ocherous mottling connecting patches in discal cell, a narrow stripe extending to speculum, latter consisting of a leaden mark, a narrow cream crescent, and three black dots. Fringe violet-gray Hindwing with blackish scales arranged in longitudinal rows, narrowly separated by grayish white. Fringe grayish white, with dark brown basal line. Abdomen. Black, with pale gray anal tuft [abdomen lost; details from Meyrick (1921)]. Female. Unknown. DNA barcodes. There are no sequence data available for this species.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFB4DF25B3B17F01FED5FA0D.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Holotype ♂, Portuguese East Africa [Mozambique], Magude, Sep 1918, C. J. Swierstra, Meyr. type no. 2606 (DMP).	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFB4DF25B3B17F01FED5FA0D.taxon	distribution	Distribution and biology. This species is known only from Mozambique. Nothing is known of its life history, but based on related species, it is likely that the larvae feed in the fruit of Sapindaceae. Summary of Host Use Larval hosts are known for seven of the 13 species of the oedipus species group of Eucosmocydia. Six were reared only from the fruits of Sapindaceae in Kenya, and on numerous occasions (Brown et al. 2014), suggesting that members of the genus are specialists on the fruit of this plant family. However, one species not recorded from Kenya (i. e., E. mixographa) was reported to feed on Fabaceae and Euphorbiaceae in the Democratic Republic of the Congo by Ghesquière (1940). Although it is possible that Ghesquière’s (1940) records are erroneous, he was the collector of the lectotype and paralectotype of G. mixographa, so we assume that these records are indeed correct. Although only distantly related, Sapindaceae and Euphorbiaceae are noted for the production of latex (Agrawal and Konno 2009; Chase et al. 2016), a feature that typically discourages herbivory. Hence, although there appears to be a definite preference for Sapindaceae, the oedipus species group is not restricted to this plant family. Similar variation in host use is found in a species group of Grapholita that includes G. chytranthusi Razowski, G. taocosma (Meyrick), and two apparently undescribed species from Kenya (Grapholitini sp. 24 and Grapholita nr. mesosocia [in part], sensu Brown et al. 2014), which together feed on Chytranthus obliquinervis Radlk. (Sapindaceae) (Copeland and Razowski 2019), Dichapetalum madagascariense Poir. (Dichapatelaceae) (Brown et al. 2014), Ochna ovata F. Hoffm. (Ochnaceae) (Brown et al. 2014), and Ochna natalitia (Meisn.) Walp. (Hermann Staude foodplant database, personal communication). One or more species in many genera of Grapholitini are recorded from the fruit of Sapindaceae, including Andrioplecta Obraztsov, Cryptophlebia Walsingham, Grapholita Treitschke, Gymnandrosoma Dyar, Notocydia Komai and Horak, Parapammene Obraztsov, and Thaumatotibia Zacher. However, none of these genera contains a preponderance of Sapindaceae-feeders. In many of the species, Sapindaceae is only one of many plant families used as larval hosts. For example, Thaumatotibia leucotreta has been recorded from 70 different plant species in 37 plant families, and Cryptophlebia illepida (Butler, 1882) is primarily a Fabaceae feeding species that has been recorded several times on Sapindaceae.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFB4DF25B3B17F01FED5FA0D.taxon	discussion	Comments on the terreirana Species Group Although we did not extensively review the species of the terreirana species group, we provide a few comments, including two new combinations. Based on the ML analysis (Fig. 1 a), the two sequenced species of the terreirana species group (i. e., E. salticola and E. terreirana) form a monophyletic lineage that is not sister to the oedipus species group. However, as previously mentioned, single-gene trees are not always compelling indicators of phylogenetic relationship. Hence, we continue to treat the terreirana species group as part of Eucosmocydia. Within this group, we discovered two species formerly assigned elsewhere that almost certainly belong in Eucosmocydia and these are briefly discussed below.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFB5DF26B3B17D64FD26FE30.taxon	description	One of us (LA) has dissected specimens from South Africa, Malawi, Kenya, and Uganda that superficially resemble the type specimen of E. salticola figured by Razowski and Krüger (2007: fig. 147), and the genitalia of those specimens are nearly indistinguishable from those illustrated by Razowski and Krüger (2007, female) and Razowski and Wojtusiak (2012, male). Although the adult of E. prolixa has a slightly different forewing color, the pattern is essentially the same as that of E. salticola, and the female genitalia of E. salticola strongly resemble those of E. prolixa (see Agassiz and Aarvik 2014: fig. 33).	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFB6DF26B3B17957FB4CFC57.taxon	discussion	Eucosma catamochla was described from five reared specimens from “ Java, teak-forest, ” Indonesia, without mention of the host. Clarke (1958: 352) designated a male lectotype (NHML) and illustrated the adult and its genitalia. He also mentioned that two of the five specimens were missing. Brown (2005) transferred the species to “ Grapholitini Unplaced ” based on the recommendation of Furumi Komai, who contributed the section on Grapholitini to the world catalogue of Tortricidae (Brown 2005). In the male genitalia of Eucosma catamochla, the long, slender, parallel-sided valva and the tall, narrow, tegumen, to which the socii are fused, are very similar to those features in the male genitalia of Eucosmocydia terreirana (Razowski and Wojtusiak 2014: fig. 5). On the basis of these similarities, we provisionally transfer Eucosma catamochla to Eucosmocydia. This new combination broadens considerably the geographic distribution of Eucosmocydia from that of a strictly Afrotropical genus to now include southeast Asia.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
038387ADFFB6DF26B3B178B1FE82FB1C.taxon	discussion	Eucosmocydia terreirana was described from a male holotype from Príncipe Island and a female paratype from São Tomé. Our DNA analysis shows that “ Grapholitini sp. 23 ” from Kenya (Brown et al. 2014) is likely conspecific with a specimen of E. terreirana from Gabon; i. e., the barcodes are 98.3 % similar. Brown et al. (2014) reported the host of “ Grapholitini sp. 23 ” as Carissa edulis Vahl (Apocynaceae), which represents the first host record for E. terreirana.	en	Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E., Copeland, Robert S. (2022): New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Insecta Mundi 2022 (927): 1-27, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533434
