identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
D63CF03CC36CFFF88CFDFAF60C02F864.text	D63CF03CC36CFFF88CFDFAF60C02F864.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lepetella sp.	<div><p>Lepetella sp.</p> <p>Fig. 3H</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p><a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.833834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.480167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.833834/lat 42.480167)">GALICIA BANK</a> • 1 sh; 42°28.81′ N, 11°50.03′ W; 1410 m; 8 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 DR15; MNCN • 50 spm; 43°00.12′ N, 11°57.67′ W; 1706 m; 29 Jul. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V2; MNCN • 3 sh; 42°56.77′ N, 11°58.53′ W; 1631 m; 2 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V5; MNCN • 10 spm, 40 sh; 42°41.87′ N, 11°26.71′ W; 1720 m; 8 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V10; MNCN.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Numerous living specimens from 0.4 to 1.7 mm of a Lepetella species were found at depths of 1706 m (V2) and 1720 m (V10), attached to the external surface of empty tubes of the onuphid polychaete Hyalinoecia tubicola (Müller, 1776), which is common on deepest (1470‒1809 m) sedimentary bottoms of the GB (Serrano et al. 2017a). Dantart &amp; Luque (1994), Lima et al. (2015) and Hoffman et al. (2019b) have described some new species of Lepetella in different areas of the Atlantic, and the latter authors mention the possible presence of the dubious taxon L. ionica Nordsieck, 1973 in the GB. Nevertheless, a comparative anatomical and molecular study of these deep-water specimens and specimens of N Atlantic shallower water species of Lepetella is necessary to ascertain if they belong to a different and perhaps undescribed species.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC36CFFF88CFDFAF60C02F864	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC36AFFFE8C42FEF60D46FE55.text	D63CF03CC36AFFFE8C42FEF60D46FE55.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Addisonia Dall 1882	<div><p>Genus Addisonia Dall, 1882</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Addisonia paradoxa Dall, 1882, by original designation.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC36AFFFE8C42FEF60D46FE55	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC36AFFFE8C02FDB70D67FA40.text	D63CF03CC36AFFFE8C02FDB70D67FA40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Addisonia excentrica (Tiberi 1855)	<div><p>Addisonia cf. excentrica (Tiberi, 1855)</p> <p>Fig. 3I</p> <p>Gadinia excentrica Tiberi, 1855: 13, pl. 2 figs 5–6.</p> <p>Addisonia excentrica – Watson 1886: 32. — Locard 1898: 93.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p><a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.883333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.883333/lat 42.85)">GALICIA BANK</a> • 1 sh; 42°51′ N, 11°53′ W; 1110‒1125 m; 19 Oct. 1987; SEAMOUNT 1 DW108; MNHN • 5 spm; 42°58.50′ N, 11°59.24′ W; 1683 m; 7 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 GOC9; MNCN.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Three living specimens (3.5, 3.4 and 2.0 mm) were found on the inside surface of an empty egg-capsule of the smalleyed rabbitfish, Hydrolagus affinis (de Brito Capello, 1868) (Holochephali, Chimaeridae). Two specimens (3.5 and 2.0 mm) were attached close to small oval thinner areas or holes on the wall of the egg-capsule (Fig. 3I) caused by limpet rasping during feeding (Dantart &amp; Luque 1994). The shell and the external morphology of the living specimens resemble those of A. excentrica from shallower depths, but given their small size, further anatomical and molecular study is needed to identify them with certainty. As far as we know, this is the deepest record (1683 m) for living specimens of any Addisonia species. Living specimens of Addisonia excentrica were found down to 330‒426 m in the Mediterranean (Dantart &amp; Luque 1994). The NW Atlantic Addisonia paradoxa (Dall, 1882), synonymized with A. excentrica by Dantart &amp; Luque (1994), was found alive by Dall (1882) from 110 to 293 m, and McLean (1985) recorded it from 119 to 1170 m, deepest records being probably shells. Addisonia enodis Simone, 1996, described from Brazil, was recorded alive down to 184 m (Simone 1996; Lima et al. 2016) and the NE Pacific A. brophyi McLean, 1985 from 155 to 174 m depth. Besides, this is the first record of an Addisonia species living inside a holocephalan egg-capsule. In addition to two empty eggcapsules (only one of them with Addisonia), three specimens (2 females and one male) of Hydrolagus affinis were caught in the same sample (Bañón et al. 2016).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC36AFFFE8C02FDB70D67FA40	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC36BFFFF8C7BFA860A77FA47.text	D63CF03CC36BFFFF8C7BFA860A77FA47.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Emarginula Lamarck 1801	<div><p>Genus Emarginula Lamarck, 1801</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Emarginula conica Lamarck, 1801 = E. fissura (Linnaeus, 1758), by monotypy.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC36BFFFF8C7BFA860A77FA47	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC36BFFFD8C70FA510DDCFC9A.text	D63CF03CC36BFFFD8C70FA510DDCFC9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Emarginula christiaensi Piani 1985	<div><p>Emarginula christiaensi Piani, 1985</p> <p>Fig. 4I–J</p> <p>Emarginula elata Locard, 1898: 82‒83, pl. 4 figs 16‒18 (junior homonym of Emarginula elata Libassi, 1859) [figures erroneously called as pl. 4 figs 13‒15 in text and in plate caption].</p> <p>Emarginula christiaensi Piani, 1985: 217‒219, figs 65‒67 (replacement name).</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p><a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.7" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.8/lat 42.7)">GALICIA BANK</a> • 1 sh; 42°42′ N, 11°48′ W; 765 m; 18 Oct. 1987; SEAMOUNT 1 DW106; MNHN • 2 sh; 42°40′ N, 11°36′ W; 675‒685 m; 19 Oct. 1987; SEAMOUNT 1 DW111; MNHN • 1 sh; 42°52′ N, 11°51′ W; 985‒1000 m; 20 Oct. 1987; SEAMOUNT 1 DW116; MNHN • 1 sh; 42°39.95′ N, 11°36.42′ W; 615 m; 23 Jul. 2009; ECOMARG 0709 R2; MNCN.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>This species was never formally compared with Emarginula crassa Sowerby, 1813, described as a Pliocene fossil in the Crag of Ipswich (England) and reported in the Recent fauna of the British Isles and Scandinavia (Forbes &amp; Hanley 1850: 481) and off NW Spain in 748‒1262 m (Dautzenberg &amp; Fischer 1897: 179). The latter species is differentiated by having a lower profile, with the apex more central and less curved backwards, and in having a more attenuated sculpture. In our experience, it has never been possible to differentiate the two species in the same locality, therefore they could represent at most geographical variants or subspecies of the same taxon. In the fossil record, Marquet (1995) separated subspecies Emarginula crassa crassa from E. crassa crassalta Wood, 1874, which is very similar, if not identical, to E. christiaensi. However, both forms did not coincide in the same geological formation. More recently, Hoffman &amp; Freiwald (2018) cited many empty shells of Emarginula christiaensi and two shells of E. crassa on the continental slope of Mauritania as if both were two different species, but they did not compare them and their figures do not show any differential character. The resolution of this taxonomic problem is beyond the scope of this work, but the name Emarginula crassalta Wood, 1874, would have priority if it were the same as Emarginula christiaensi.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC36BFFFD8C70FA510DDCFC9A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC369FFFD8C6FFCFF0CE1FC4C.text	D63CF03CC369FFFD8C6FFCFF0CE1FC4C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Puncturella Lowe 1827	<div><p>Genus Puncturella Lowe, 1827</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Patella noachina Linnaeus, 1771, by monotypy.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC369FFFD8C6FFCFF0CE1FC4C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC369FFC18C68FC4E0B37FC87.text	D63CF03CC369FFC18C68FC4E0B37FC87.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Puncturella agger Watson 1883	<div><p>Puncturella agger Watson, 1883</p> <p>Fig. 5A‒N</p> <p>Puncturella agger Watson, 1883: 32.</p> <p>Puncturella agger – Watson 1886: 40, pl. 4 fig. 6.</p> <p>Puncturella profundi (Jeffreys, 1877) – Rolán Mosquera &amp; Pérez-Gándaras 1981: 6, pl. 1 fig. 4. — Rolán Mosquera 1983: 68.</p> <p>Rimula granulata Seguenza, 1863 – Beck et al. 2006: 41. — Hoffman et al. 2011a: 90, pl. 108 figs 39‒44.</p> <p>Cranopsis sp. – Corral Prado 2006: 27‒30.</p> <p>Cranopsis agger (Watson, 1883) – Barrio González 2015: 109‒123, figs 32‒34.</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>Syntype</p> <p>VIRGIN ISLANDS • 1 sh (Fig. 5J–L); off <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-65.09167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.641666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -65.09167/lat 18.641666)">St. Thomas</a>, north of Culebra Island; 18°38′30″ N, 65°5′30″ W; 390 fathoms; 25 Mar. 1863; Challenger expedition, Station 24, coral-mud; NHMUK 1887.2.9.130.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p><a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.85&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.866665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.85/lat 42.866665)">GALICIA BANK</a> • 2 sh; 42°52′ N, 11°51′ W; 985‒1000 m; 20 Oct. 1987; SEAMOUNT 1 DW116; MNHN • 3 spm; 42°49.13′ N, 11°46.59′ W; 903 m; 4 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 GOC6; MNCN • 1 sh; 42°41.94′ N, 11°40.58′ W; 744 m; 31 Jul. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V4; MNCN • 1 sh; Galicia Bank (no more details); 590‒900 m; 1980‒1981; G. Pérez-Gándaras, Instituto de Investigaciones Pesqueras de Vigo-CSIC leg.; CER-MHNS.</p> <p>Description (based on material examined from GB)</p> <p>Shell small (length 4.0 mm, width 2.9 mm, height 3.9 mm), with an oval outline in apertural view, in lateral view with a conical profile, the apex located in the posterior ¼ and in the upper ⅓ of the shell, curved towards the ventral side. Protoconch of one whorl, rounded, skewed to the right side, with a diameter ca 245 μm (Fig. 5E). Selenizone small but well marked, narrower than the foramen, bordered by a smooth and slightly raised rim. Foramen elongate, narrowing anteriorly to a sharp point, located dorsally in the highest part of the shell, bordered on each side by a flange that continues that of the selenizone; width of the foramen 9% of the width of the shell; length 30% of the length of the shell. In front of the foramen, there is a double rib along which the two halves of the shell meet. Sculpture almost absent in the initial coiled part, then mainly constituted by small pustules, aligned along a median thread to form radial cords (Fig. 5F). The width of the interspaces between radial cords is equivalent to or somewhat greater than the thickness of the pustules, and the interval between pustules along a cord is less than the diameter of the pustules. In the abapical half of the shell, appear additional radial cords that grow rapidly in thickness until the primary cords are matched. There are around 80‒90 radial cords reaching the growth edge of the shell, of which one-third was added in the abapical half. The pustules are also connected by fine, irregular commarginal lamellae. Aperture oval, contained in a plane, with its edge denticulated by the termination of the cords. Inner surface smooth, shiny, with a groove running from the foramen to the anterior edge. Large internal septum (one third of the total length of the shell), with sharp and almost straight anterior edge, concealing more than half of the foramen in apertural view.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>The type locality of Puncturella agger is Challenger station 24, off north of Culebra Island, Puerto Rico. It was subsequently recorded from Florida, Cuba and Mexico by Pérez Farfante (1947). Living specimens and shells are known from NW Galicia and Galicia Bank, shells only from Meteor, Hyères, Irving, Plato, Atlantis and Josephine seamounts (Corral Prado 2006, as Cranopsis sp.; Barrio González 2015, as Cranopsis agger (Watson, 1883)), and shells recorded as Rimula granulata Seguenza, 1863, from Ampère, Seine and Sedlo seamounts (Beck et al. 2006) and Rockall Bank (Hoffman et al. 2011a), see under remarks. The species has therefore an amphiatlantic distribution.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>This species has been reported from different locations in the northeast Atlantic with names which we consider wrong. Rolán Mosquera &amp; Pérez-Gándaras (1981: 6, pl. 1 fig. 4) and Rolán Mosquera (1983: 68) recorded and illustrated for the first time one specimen from the Galicia Bank, misidentified as Puncturella profundi Jeffreys, 1877, which is a different species currently named Profundisepta profundi (Jeffreys, 1877), (see Fig. 6E–G herein). The specimen figured in the aforementioned papers is illustrated again here (Fig. 5M–N).</p> <p>The shell figured by Micali &amp; Villari (1989: figs 1‒4) as Rimula granulata Seguenza, 1863, from the Pleistocene of Salice (Sicily) is somewhat similar to P. agger, but clearly differs in having an extremely inflated profile, with an apex much more anterior and much more curved towards the ventral edge so as to be situated near the half of the total height of the shell (in the upper third in Puncturella agger). The sculpture of this fossil species is also different, with the radial rows of tubercles all of similar size and thicker than the spaces between rows. An old shell, possibly subfossil, collected from the Galicia Bank (Fig. 4K‒L) could represent the real Puncturella granulata, since it agrees in profile and sculpture with the original description and illustration of Rimula granulata by Seguenza (1863: 88, figs 6, 6a). Watson (1883: 31) reported and described a specimen of “ Puncturella (Cranopsis) granulata, Seg. [tuberculata n. sp.]”, also collected in the type locality of Puncturella agger (Challenger Sta. 24). However, it is not clear whether this identification is correct since Watson’s (1886: 46, pl. 4 fig. 5) illustration is a copy of Seguenza’s (1863: fig. 6) and he described his specimen as “peculiarly long and narrow” which does not fit the original description. This identification was nevertheless assumed by Pérez Farfante (1947: 125‒126, pl. 54 figs 4‒7) who also considered that Puncturella watsoni Dall, 1889 was the same as P. (C.) granulata sensu Watson (1883, 1886). Puncturella watsoni is also very close to the Western Atlantic Puncturella larva Dall, 1927 (see Pérez Farfante 1947).</p> <p>Further specimens of Puncturella agger from SEAMOUNT 1 DW116 were recorded in Eva Corral’s unpublished undergraduate project (Corral Prado 2006) as Cranopsis sp. Later, Lucia Barrio in her PhD Thesis (Barrio González 2015) described and illustrated as Cranopsis agger (Watson, 1883) a large amount of material (32 specimens and 362 shells) collected in several cruises from different localities of NW Galicia and several NE Atlantic seamounts (see under distribution).</p> <p>Puncturella fornicata Locard, 1898, a valid species never reported since its original description from off Western Sahara, 782 m (Locard 1898: 78‒79, pl. 5 figs 1‒3), is somewhat similar to P. granulata in profile but with definite radial ribs as in P. asturiana and P. noachina.</p> <p>None of the eight western Atlantic species of Cranopsis described and illustrated by Simone &amp; Cunha (2014) is identical to Puncturella agger. Cranopsis canopa Simone &amp; Cunha, 2014 is somewhat similar in profile and in having a relatively small septum, but it differs from P. agger in having fewer and broader axial ribs (46 versus up to 90 in P. agger), uniform axial ribs (P. agger usually has larger and smaller ribs intercalated), and the ventro-anterior edge of the septum concave, while in P. agger it is convex.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC369FFC18C68FC4E0B37FC87	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC355FFC18C61FCD20B64F931.text	D63CF03CC355FFC18C61FCD20B64F931.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anatoma Woodward 1859	<div><p>Genus Anatoma Woodward, 1859</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Scissurella crispata Fleming, 1828, by monotypy.</p> <p>Key to the species of Anatoma found in the GB (see also Geiger 2012)</p> <p>1. Last whorl very broad, about 40% of diameter in apical view; suture of last whorl along selenizone or just below it............................ Anatoma richardi (Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896) (Fig. 7A–I)</p> <p>– Last whorl less than 35% of diameter in apical view, suture definitely situated at a distance beneath selenizone......................................................................................................................................... 2</p> <p>2. Umbilicus wide and deep, its diameter more than 10% of the shell diameter, adapical surface nearly smooth except for growth lines........................... Anatoma umbilicata (Jeffreys, 1883) (Fig. 9A–E)</p> <p>– Umbilicus less than 10% of the shell diameter, surface of shell with distinct sculpture of axial riblets and spiral threads.............................................................................................................................. 3</p> <p>3. Selenizone situated high on the profile, making it stepped; adapical part of the whorl above it forming a shoulder and abapical part below it very convex... Anatoma eximia (Seguenza, 1880) (Fig. 8D–I)</p> <p>– Selenizone situated near the middle of the last whorl, not as above................................................ 4</p> <p>4. Sculpture of conspicuous axial riblets, profile between suture and selenizone distinctly convex.......................................................................................... Anatoma aspera (Philippi, 1844) (Fig. 8A‒C)</p> <p>– Sculpture of tenuous ribs, profile between suture and selenizone rather flat....................................................................................................... Anatoma corralae Gofas &amp; Luque sp. nov. (Fig. 10A–H)</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC355FFC18C61FCD20B64F931	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC355FFC58FD2F9650CE3FE0C.text	D63CF03CC355FFC58FD2F9650CE3FE0C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anatoma richardi (Dautzenberg & H. Fischer 1896) NOR	<div><p>Anatoma richardi (Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896)</p> <p>Fig. 7A–I</p> <p>Scissurella richardi Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896: 487; pl. 21 figs 2–3.</p> <p>Anatoma richardi – Geiger 2012: 1108. — Ortega &amp; Gofas 2019: 518–519.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p><a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.85&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.866665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.85/lat 42.866665)">GALICIA BANK</a> • 1 spm, 32 sh; 42°52′ N, 11°51′ W; 985–1000 m; 20 Oct. 1987; SEAMOUNT 1 DW116; MNHN • 3 spm; 42°49.13′ N, 11°46.59′ W; 903 m; 4 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 GOC6; MNCN.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Ortega &amp; Gofas (2019) used this name for the Anatoma species which is common at depths less than 1000 meters in the Canary Islands, and concluded that the synonymy with Scissurella tenuis Jeffreys, 1877 proposed by Geiger (2012) was not warranted. The latter, with an abyssal type locality in the northwest Atlantic, differs by the configuration of the early whorls and the habitat. Anatoma richardi, originally described from off the Azores Islands in 1360 m, is also found on GB. In A. richardi, the suture of the body whorl may be more or less detached from the selenizone of the previous whorl (the “sutsel” in Geiger 2012), whereas in A. tenuis the suture is reported as always adjusted to it. Anatoma tenuisculpta (Seguenza, 1880), described from the Pleistocene of southern Italy and recorded as living in the Alboran Sea and Ibero-Moroccan Gulf and in several localities off NW Europe (Høisaeter &amp; Geiger 2011; Geiger 2012), also belongs to this species group but is distinguished by having a higher profile with the last whorl even more clearly separated from the selenizone. We have never seen any locality with A. richardi and A. tenuisculpta sympatric and separable, and the possibility that they represent morphological variation in a single species should be investigated. Some specimens from GB (Fig. 7G–I), here reported as A. cf. richardi, are rather stunted with a rather wide sutsel, but could not be convincingly delimited from typical A. richardi.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC355FFC58FD2F9650CE3FE0C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC351FFC88C2CFE090B64FAB3.text	D63CF03CC351FFC88C2CFE090B64FAB3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anatoma corralae Gofas & Luque & Oliver & Templado & Serrano 2021	<div><p>Anatoma corralae Gofas &amp; Luque sp. nov.</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 990DA613-088E-477A-97C1-45B6207C044B</p> <p>Fig. 10</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>The specific name honours Eva Corral Prado, in recognition of her valuable contribution to malacology of this area.</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>Holotype GALICIA BANK • 1 sh (Fig. 10 D ‒ F, 4.0 mm in diameter); 42°41.87′ N, 11°26.71′ W; 1720 m; 8 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V10; MNCN 15.05 /200138H.</p> <p>Paratypes GALICIA BANK • 12 spm and 19 sh; same collection data as for holotype; MNCN 15.05 /200138P.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p><a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.961166&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.002" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.961166/lat 43.002)">GALICIA BANK</a> • 6 spm, 14 sh; 43°00.12′ N, 11°57.67′ W; 1706 m; 29 Jul. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V2; MNCN • 3 sh; 42°56.77′ N, 11°58.53′ W; 1631 m; 2 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V5; MNCN.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Shell up to 3.3 mm high and 4.1 mm maximum diameter, with low conical spire, angulate periphery, moderately inflated base and a small umbilicus. Protoconch of ¾ whorl, about 240 µm in maximum diameter, terminated by a slightly flaring edge; protoconch sculpture of irregular granules which tend to form spiral lines towards the periphery. Teleoconch I (until the beginning of the selenizone) about 1.1 whorl, with about 45‒50 faint axial riblets, more indistinct in their adapical part, and with a distinct spiral thread abutting on the beginning of the selenizone. Teleoconch II with 2 to 2.5 whorls, separated by a deep suture, and the space between suture and selenizone (the “sutsel” according to Geiger 2012) somewhat wider than the latter. Marked peripheral keel, accentuated by the abapical edge of selenizone, which is more prominent than the adapical edge. Selenizone delimited by two narrow lamellae, inside with weakly marked growth stages. Adapical surface of whorls with axial riblets and very thin spiral threads; the riblets arched, much narrower than the interspaces, uneven and very irregularly spaced, attenuated upon reaching the selenizone, about 70 on the first whorl of teleoconch II, about 110‒120 on the last whorl; spiral threads, about 20 in the last half-whorl, attenuated in the part that borders the selenizone. Base regularly convex, with sculpture of axial riblets and spiral threads similar in density and appearance to those of the adapical part; the ribs are somewhat flexuous and prolonged inside the umbilicus; the spiral cords, about 35‒40, are somewhat weaker towards the periphery. Umbilicus small, without apparent funiculus. Aperture rounded, interrupted by an incision which extends on about ¼ of the last whorl and narrows at the edge. Colour white.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>So far only known from deep-water off the GB.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Anatoma corralae sp. nov. is most similar to A. schiottei Høisaeter &amp; Geiger, 2011, described from the Norwegian Sea, and was mistaken for it in the preliminary report of INDEMARES BANGAL (Gofas et al. 2014b). It differs in being larger (4 mm, compared to 2.25 mm in A. schiottei), having a longer teleoconch I (more than one whorl vs 0.75 whorl) with much more numerous axial riblets (50 vs 15), and in lacking a funiculus in the umbilicus (conspicuous in A. schiottei, see Høisaeter &amp; Geiger 2011: fig. 48). Nevertheless, both species share the same angular outline, the microsculpture of the protoconch with granules tending to be aligned along spiral lines, and the shape of the edge of the protoconch, which is only slightly flaring and has no secondary thickening. The protoconch microsculpture, unusual in the genus, suggests that they may be related.</p> <p>Among the species locally present, Anatoma umbilicata, which is found together in the same hauls, differs clearly by its broad umbilicus and in being practically smooth. Anatoma tenuisculpta is quite similar to Anatoma corralae sp. nov. in size and outline, but differs in having a much coarser axial sculpture forming a regular lattice with small nodules at the intersections of riblets and spiral threads; it also has a much shorter teleoconch I, hardly over half a whorl. Anatoma richardi, which is found on GB but not in the same depth interval, also has such coarser sculpture, and its last whorl is more ample and its suture is not so far below the selenizone.</p> <p>“Skeneimorph” species</p> <p>This informal group includes the members of the family Skeneidae W. Clark, 1851 but also members of other Vetigastropod families including several genera of uncertain phylogenetic affinity (Hoffman et al. 2020c) which have been shown by Kano et al. (2009) to be related to the superfamily Seguenzioidea or to other non-vetigastropod clades, like neomphalids or heterobranchs (Haszprunar et al. 2011, 2016).</p> <p>Key to the “skeneimorph” species found in the GB</p> <p>1. Shell smooth and glossy, with reduced or filled umbilicus............................................................... 2</p> <p>– Shell smooth, but not glossy, or sculptured, with definite umbilicus............................................... 3</p> <p>2. Shell nearly as high as broad.............. Cirsonella romettensis (Granata-Grillo, 1877) (Fig. 14A–C)</p> <p>– Shell definitely broader than high (h/w less than 0.7)................................................................................................................... Seamountiella azorica (Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896) (Fig. 14D–F)</p> <p>3. Axial sculpture obvious.................................................................................................................... 4</p> <p>– No axial sculpture.............................................................................................................................. 5</p> <p>4. Axial sculpture of narrow, widely spaced ribs.................................................................................................................................................. Vetulonia paucivaricosa (Dautzenberg, 1889) (Fig. 13F–H)</p> <p>– Axial sculpture of tightly packed wrinkles....................................................................................................................................... “ Skenea ” ponsonbyi (Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896) (Fig. 15E–F)</p> <p>5. Surface, at least around the umbilicus, with a distinct sculpture...................................................... 6</p> <p>– No conspicuous sculpture, or only subsutural and/or periumbilical keel....................................... 13</p> <p>6. Sculpture essentially spiral............................................................................................................... 7</p> <p>– Sculpture different............................................................................................................................ 9</p> <p>7. Spiral sculpture only surrounding the umbilical area, sometimes a subsutural cord at least on the early whorls..................................................................................... Moelleriopsis sp. (Fig. 15C–D)</p> <p>– Spiral sculpture all over the shell...................................................................................................... 8</p> <p>8. Shell yellowish, sculpture of small but definite spiral ridges.......................................................................................................................................... Rugulina fragilis (G.O. Sars, 1878) (Fig. 14G–H)</p> <p>– Shell whitish, sculpture of minute spiral threads....................................................................................................................................................... Anekes spiralis Gofas &amp; Luque sp. nov. (Fig. 17A–H)</p> <p>9. Sculpture of oblique threads, which form a mesh......................................................................... 10</p> <p>– Sculpture of minute granules all over the shell (may be very tenuous).......................................... 12</p> <p>10. Sculpture forming an oblique mesh all over the shell.....................................................................11</p> <p>– Sculpture tenuous, restricted to apical and umbilical areas................................................................................................................................................. Anekes paucistriata Warén, 1992 (Fig. 16F–K)</p> <p>11. Shell conical, aperture height about half of total height......................................................................................................................................................... Anekes affinis (Jeffreys, 1883) (Fig. 16A–E)</p> <p>– Shell globose, aperture height about two thirds of total height.............................................................................................................................................. Granigyra inflata (Warén, 1992) (Fig. 17I–L)</p> <p>12. Aperture very broad, more than half the shell diameter.................................................................................................................................................. Granigyra pruinosa (Jeffreys, 1883) (Fig. 15G–J)</p> <p>– Aperture diameter less than half the shell diameter............................................................................................................................................................ Granigyra tenera (Jeffreys, 1883) (Fig. 15K–L)</p> <p>13. Spiral keel present at least on the first teleoconch whorl................................................................ 14</p> <p>– Whorls convex, with no spiral keel even around umbilicus............................................................................................................................................. Akritogyra similis (Jeffreys, 1883) (Fig. 15A–B)</p> <p>14. Abapical keel sharp and distant from the umbilicus...... Trenchia biangulata Rubio &amp; Rolán, 2013</p> <p>– Abapical keel blunt and situated within the umbilicus, or at its edge............................................ 15</p> <p>15. Shell higher than broad, subsutural keel on most whorls............................................................................................................................................................. Mikro scalaroides (Rubio &amp; Rolán, 2013)</p> <p>– Shell wider than high, subsutural keel fading on last whorls.......................................................................................................................................... Mikro minimus (Seguenza G., 1876) (Fig. 14I–L)</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC351FFC88C2CFE090B64FAB3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC35CFFC88C69FA2E0D86F994.text	D63CF03CC35CFFC88C69FA2E0D86F994.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Moelleriopsis Bush 1897	<div><p>Genus Moelleriopsis Bush, 1897</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Moelleriopsis abyssicola Bush, 1897, by original designation.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC35CFFC88C69FA2E0D86F994	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC359FFCD8C03FA140DEDF9B3.text	D63CF03CC359FFCD8C03FA140DEDF9B3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anekes Bouchet & Waren 1979	<div><p>Genus Anekes Bouchet &amp; Warén, 1979</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Anekes undulisculpta Bouchet &amp; Warén, 1979, by original designation.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC359FFCD8C03FA140DEDF9B3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC359FFCD8C5BFE6D0D80FDDB.text	D63CF03CC359FFCD8C5BFE6D0D80FDDB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Skenea Fleming 1825	<div><p>Genus Skenea Fleming, 1825</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Helix serpuloides Montagu, 1808, by subsequent designation.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC359FFCD8C5BFE6D0D80FDDB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC359FFCD8FE1FD3C0A4FFA00.text	D63CF03CC359FFCD8FE1FD3C0A4FFA00.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Skenea ponsonbyi (Dautzenberg & H. Fischer 1896)	<div><p>“Skenea ” ponsonbyi (Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896)</p> <p>Fig. 15E‒F</p> <p>Cyclostrema ponsonbyi Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1897: 176, pl. 4 figs 12–14.</p> <p>Skenea ponsonbyi ‒ Hoffman et al. 2020c: 71–73.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p><a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.961166&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.002" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.961166/lat 43.002)">GALICIA BANK</a> • 4 sh; 43°00.12′ N, 11°57.67′ W; 1706 m; 29 Jul. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V2; MNCN • 5 sh; 42°56.77′ N, 11°58.53′ W; 1631 m; 2 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V5; MNCN • 2 sh; 42°59.61′ N, 11°58.41′ W; 1671 m; 7 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V9; MNCN.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>This is, to our knowledge, the first time that this species is reported outside the Azores (Dautzenberg &amp; Fischer 1896) and the South Azorean Seamount Chain (Hoffman et al. 2020c). The external sculpture recalls that of Moelleria costulata (Møller, 1842), a boreal Atlantic species which belongs to the family Colloniidae Cossmann, 1917 and has a calcareous operculum fitting exactly the aperture; the flexuous contour of the aperture in the present species suggests that the operculum was flexible and that this similarity does not indicate reationship. For the time being, with no data on the living animal, there is no straightforward generic placement. Cyclostrema Marryat, 1819, a member of the family Liotiidae Gray, 1850 with also a calcareous operculum, is obviously inadequate and we conservatively use the catchall genus “ Skenea ”, in a broad sense meaning a skeneimorph species, following in that WoRMS Editorial Board (2021).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC359FFCD8FE1FD3C0A4FFA00	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC359FFD08C1EF9E40C59FA5C.text	D63CF03CC359FFD08C1EF9E40C59FA5C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anekes spiralis Gofas & Luque & Oliver & Templado & Serrano 2021	<div><p>Anekes spiralis Gofas &amp; Luque sp. nov.</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: CBA7FA0B-5656-47A2-ADE8-DEFE58E98B81</p> <p>Fig. 17A‒H</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>The specific name refers to the characteristic spiral sculpture.</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>Holotype GALICIA BANK • 1 sh (Fig. 17 A ‒ G, 1.7 mm in diameter); 42°56.77′ N, 11°58.53′ W; 1631 m; 2 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V5; MNCN 15.05 /200139H.</p> <p>Paratypes GALICIA BANK • 1 spm and 7 sh; same collection data as for holotype; MNCN 15.05 /200139P.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p><a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.961166&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.002" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.961166/lat 43.002)">GALICIA BANK</a> • 1 sh; 43°00.12′ N, 11°57.67′ W; 1706 m; 29 Jul. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V2; MNCN.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Shell minute, very fragile and translucent, up to 2.1 mm height and maximum diameter, trochiform, with a moderately low, slightly cyrtoconoid spire, a rounded periphery and body whorl, and a small but definite umbilicus. Protoconch of ¾ whorl, about 260 µm in maximum diameter, terminated by a simple, curved edge; protoconch sculpture of minute, irregularly spaced granules. Teleoconch with up to 3 convex whorls. First whorls sculptured by minute spiral threads, irregular in size and spacing, about half the size of interspaces; occasionally these threads are interrupted or anastomosing. The spiral threads become inconspicuous on the later whorls, persisting in the subsutural zone and within the umbilical area, but lacking in the median part of the body whorl, where only growth lines can be seen. Umbilicus narrow and deep, not delimited from the rest the whorl. Aperture evenly rounded except for a slight angle at the termination of the suture; outer lip very thin, slightly flexuous, slightly prosocline. Colour slightly yellowish on fresh shells, otherwise whitish.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Species of Anekes are mostly characterized by a peculiar “ Anekes sculpture” which consists of minute raised lines, anastomosing in a criss-cross pattern. In Anekes affinis (Jeffreys, 1883) this sculpture is spread over the entire surface and quite noticeable. Anekes sculpturata Warén, 1992 is similar but smaller (hardly exceeds 1 mm) and the microsculpture has a preferential orientation in the spiral direction, while in A. affinis it forms a non-directional network. In Anekes paucistriata Warén, 1992 the sculpture is evident only on the first whorl and may also occur in the umbilicus, but it is almost completely missing in intermediate surface and an attentive examination is required, under strong magnification and preferably under SEM, to detect it. This kind of sculpture is not exclusive of the genus Anekes, and it is also present on Granigyra inflata (Warén, 1992), originally described in Anekes but later (Warén 1996) found to have radular characters closer to Granigyra Dall, 1889.</p> <p>Anekes spiralis sp. nov. differs from the other species of Anekes in that the microsculpture is definitely spiral, not just with a preferential orientation like in A. sculpturata or in A. undulisculpta, but a limited anastomosing pattern occurs on some (especially the very early) parts of the shell of A. spiralis sp. nov., supporting the generic placement.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC359FFD08C1EF9E40C59FA5C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC344FFD18E8DF9D70B64F807.text	D63CF03CC344FFD18E8DF9D70B64F807.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eulimidae Philippi 1853	<div><p>Key to the species of Eulimidae found in the GB</p> <p>Adapted from Bouchet &amp; Warén (1986), to whom we refer for a detailed account of identification criteria and for descriptive terminology. Caution must be taken as more species are likely to occur on GB, so that the identification through the key should be carefully checked against the illustrations; Bouchet &amp; Warén (1986) should anyway be consulted regarding this group. The supraspecific classification in this group still needs elaboration, and “ Eulima ” with quotes is used (e.g., Bouchet &amp; Warén 1986) as a catchall for nondescript species for which a generic assignment is not straightforward.</p> <p>1. Apex and/or whole shell brownish or yellowish, or with a pattern with such colours..................... 2</p> <p>– Apex and rest of shell colourless....................................................................................................... 4</p> <p>2. Teleoconch with a blurry yellowish band............................................................................................................................................. “ Eulima ” leptozona Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896 (Fig. 19H‒I)</p> <p>– Teleoconch colourless or uniformly yellowish................................................................................. 3</p> <p>3. Last whorl about half of the total height............................................................................................................................................................. Fuscapex cabiochi Bouchet &amp; Warén, 1986 (Fig. 20C–D)</p> <p>– Last whorl about 40% or less of the total height................................................................................................................................................... Batheulima fuscoapicata (Jeffreys, 1884) (Fig. 20A–B)</p> <p>4. Shell with a thin columella and an umbilical chink, without any scars of growth stages................ 5</p> <p>– Shell with thickened columella, imperforate, with scars marking former growth stages (may need careful examination under strong illumination reflected on the glossy surface).............................. 7</p> <p>5. Shell rather large (may be&gt; 10 mm), with distinct prosocline ribs........................................................................................................................................ Costaclis mizon (Watson, 1881) (Fig. 20O–P)</p> <p>– Shell small, smooth or with axial growth lines................................................................................. 6</p> <p>6. Last whorl nearly half of the total height............................................................................................................................................................... Hemiaclis obtusa Bouchet &amp; Warén, 1986 (Fig. 20K–L)</p> <p>– Last whorl hardly more than one-third of total height..... Aclis walleri Jeffreys, 1867 (Fig. 20M–N)</p> <p>7. Shell axis straight, shell regularly coiled.......................................................................................... 8</p> <p>– Shell axis bent or twisted................................................................................................................ 12</p> <p>8. Whorls distinctly convex.................................................................................................................. 9</p> <p>– Whorls flat...................................................................................................................................... 10</p> <p>9. Shell tall, last whorl less than half the total height................................................................................................................................... Melanella cf. myriotrochi Bouchet &amp; Warén, 1986 (Fig. 19F‒G)</p> <p>– Shell relatively short, last whorl about 60% of total height........................................................................................................ Bathycrinicola talaena (Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896) (Fig. 20G–H)</p> <p>10. Larval shell with more than two whorls, apex pointed...................................................................................................................................... “ Eulima ” anonyma Bouchet &amp; Warén, 1986 (Fig. 19J–K)</p> <p>– Larval shell with less than 2 whorls, apex globose.........................................................................11</p> <p>11. Shell about 2 mm, cylindrical, with flaring outer lip............................................................................................................................................ Fusceulima digitalis Hoffman &amp; Engl, 2021 (Fig. 20I–J)</p> <p>– Shell reaching more than 2 mm, high-conical, outer lip not flaring.................................................................................................................................... Melanella jeffreysi (Tryon, 1886) (Fig. 19D‒E)</p> <p>12. Shell small (&lt;3 mm) and curved only in one plane, parietal edge continuous with columella................................................................... Eulitoma obtusiuscula Bouchet &amp; Warén, 1986 (Fig. 19L–O)</p> <p>– Shell large (&gt; 5 mm), distorted, parietal edge and columella differentiated................................... 13</p> <p>13. Shell very slender (h/w&gt; 3.6)....................................................................................................................................... Campylorhaphion machaeropsis (Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896) (Fig. 20E–F)</p> <p>– Shell moderately slender (h/w about 3)............................................................................................................................................ Melanella spiridioni (Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896) (Fig. 19A–C)</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC344FFD18E8DF9D70B64F807	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC340FFD48C61FBA90DA4FB1C.text	D63CF03CC340FFD48C61FBA90DA4FB1C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Fusceulima Laseron 1955	<div><p>Genus Fusceulima Laseron, 1955</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Fusceulima jacksonensis Laseron, 1955, by original designation.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC340FFD48C61FBA90DA4FB1C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC340FFD48C66FEB40D00FE12.text	D63CF03CC340FFD48C66FEB40D00FE12.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanella Bowdich 1822	<div><p>Genus Melanella Bowdich, 1822</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Melanella dufresnei Bowdich, 1822, by monotypy.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC340FFD48C66FEB40D00FE12	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC340FFD48FDEFE070FAFFC6D.text	D63CF03CC340FFD48FDEFE070FAFFC6D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanella myriotrochi Bouchet & Waren 1986	<div><p>Melanella cf. myriotrochi Bouchet &amp; Warén, 1986</p> <p>Fig. 19F–G</p> <p>Melanella? myriotrochi Bouchet &amp; Warén, 1986: 383, figs 906–907.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p><a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.961166&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.002" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.961166/lat 43.002)">GALICIA BANK</a> • 1 spm; 43°00.12′ N, 11°57.67′ W; 1706 m; 29 Jul. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V2; MNCN • 1 spm; 42°41.87′ N, 11°26.71′ W; 1720 m; 8 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V10; MNCN.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>This species was described on a single specimen, probably immature judging from the very thin, brittle aperture. The specimen illustrated here is larger and definitely adult, but has, like the holotype, a small mucronate protoconch, teleoconch whorls unusually convex for a eulimid, and a projecting profile of the outer lip, making this the closest match we could find among the species described from the area. This identification remains tentative, especially taking into account that the host holothurian species was not found in our material.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC340FFD48FDEFE070FAFFC6D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC340FFDF8E8DF8800F4DFC1F.text	D63CF03CC340FFDF8E8DF8800F4DFC1F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Buccinidae	<div><p>Key to species of Buccinidae and Colidae found in the GB (see also Bouchet &amp; Warén 1985)</p> <p>1. Sculpture conspicuous, with definite spiral ridges........................................................................... 2</p> <p>– Sculpture attenuated, consisting only of fine spiral grooves............................................................ 3</p> <p>2. Sculpture mostly spiral, shell commonly&gt; 5 cm.......................................................................................................................................................... Troschelia berniciensis (King, 1846) (Fig. 23J–K)</p> <p>– Sculpture with conspicuous knobs along the periphery....................................................................................................................................................... Kryptos koehleri (Locard, 1896) (Fig. 23L–M)</p> <p>3. Protoconch of little more than 1 whorl, with a large nucleus................................................................................................................................................. Colus gracilis (da Costa, 1778) (Fig. 24A–G)</p> <p>– Protoconch of more than 2 whorls, with a small nucleus............................................................................................................................................. Colus jeffreysianus (P. Fischer, 1868) (Fig. 24H–K)</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>There are two species of Colus Röding, 1798 to be found on GB (Fig. 24), and their correct identification is crucial since they are an important component of the benthic community and food chain. Both have extremely similar shells and their accurate identification relies essentially on the diagnostic character of the protoconch. Colus gracilis is found on the summit platform and the adult is somewhat larger and more solid, whereas C. jeffreysianus has a broad distribution on the deeper part of the slope. Colus aurariae Fraussen, Rosado, Afonso &amp; Monteiro, 2009, described from off Portugal in 200–500 m depth, differs from C. gracilis in having both early whorls and siphonal canal more stretched out; it was not found on GB.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC340FFDF8E8DF8800F4DFC1F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC340FFD48C23FB790D68F952.text	D63CF03CC340FFD48C23FB790D68F952.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Fusceulima digitalis Hoffman & Engl 2021	<div><p>Fusceulima digitalis Hoffman &amp; Engl, 2021</p> <p>Fig. 20I‒J</p> <p>Balcis sp. – Rolán Mosquera 1983: 199.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p><a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.676333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.699" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.676333/lat 42.699)">GALICIA BANK</a> • 1 sh; 42°41.94′ N, 11°40.58′ W; 744 m; 31 Jul. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V4; MNCN • 3 sh; 42°28.81′ N, 11°50.03′ W; 1410 m; 8 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 DR15; MNCN.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>This recently described species is very different from any known eulimid in European waters. It is tentatively included in the genus Fusceulima Laseron, 1955, due to its small shell, with few, almost flat whorls, short aperture and curved outer lip (see diagnosis of Fusceulima in Bouchet &amp; Warén 1986, Souza &amp; Pimenta 2014 and Engl et al. 2021). It was described and illustrated for the first time as Balcis sp. by Rolán Mosquera (1983: 199), from the Galicia Bank.</p> <p>Families Buccinidae Rafinesque, 1815 and Colidae Gray, 1857</p> <p>Key to species of Buccinidae and Colidae found in the GB (see also Bouchet &amp; Warén 1985)</p> <p>1. Sculpture conspicuous, with definite spiral ridges........................................................................... 2</p> <p>– Sculpture attenuated, consisting only of fine spiral grooves............................................................ 3</p> <p>2. Sculpture mostly spiral, shell commonly&gt; 5 cm.......................................................................................................................................................... Troschelia berniciensis (King, 1846) (Fig. 23J–K)</p> <p>– Sculpture with conspicuous knobs along the periphery....................................................................................................................................................... Kryptos koehleri (Locard, 1896) (Fig. 23L–M)</p> <p>3. Protoconch of little more than 1 whorl, with a large nucleus................................................................................................................................................. Colus gracilis (da Costa, 1778) (Fig. 24A–G)</p> <p>– Protoconch of more than 2 whorls, with a small nucleus............................................................................................................................................. Colus jeffreysianus (P. Fischer, 1868) (Fig. 24H–K)</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>There are two species of Colus Röding, 1798 to be found on GB (Fig. 24), and their correct identification is crucial since they are an important component of the benthic community and food chain. Both have extremely similar shells and their accurate identification relies essentially on the diagnostic character of the protoconch. Colus gracilis is found on the summit platform and the adult is somewhat larger and more solid, whereas C. jeffreysianus has a broad distribution on the deeper part of the slope. Colus aurariae Fraussen, Rosado, Afonso &amp; Monteiro, 2009, described from off Portugal in 200–500 m depth, differs from C. gracilis in having both early whorls and siphonal canal more stretched out; it was not found on GB.</p> <p>Family Cancellariidae Forbes &amp; Hanley, 1851</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC340FFD48C23FB790D68F952	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC34BFFDF8C0FFBBA0D17FB10.text	D63CF03CC34BFFDF8C0FFBBA0D17FB10.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brocchinia Jousseaume 1887	<div><p>Genus Brocchinia Jousseaume, 1887</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Voluta mitraeformis Brocchi, 1814, by monotypy.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC34BFFDF8C0FFBBA0D17FB10	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC34BFFDD8C60FB050DB0F9D5.text	D63CF03CC34BFFDD8C60FB050DB0F9D5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brocchinia clenchi Petit 1986	<div><p>Brocchinia cf. clenchi Petit, 1986</p> <p>Fig. 25A–E</p> <p>Brocchinia clenchi Petit, 1986: 23–26.</p> <p>Brocchinia clenchi – Verhecken 2007: 311–313.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p><a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.961166&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.002" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.961166/lat 43.002)">GALICIA BANK</a> • 5 spm and 7 sh; 43°00.12′ N, 11°57.67′ W; 1706 m; 29 Jul. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V2; MNCN • 5 sh; 42°56.77′ N, 11°58.53′ W; 1631 m; 2 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V5; MNCN • 1 spm (Fig. 25A‒B, 10.8 mm high); 42°59.61′ N, 11°58.41′ W; 1671 m; 7 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V9; MNCN • 1 spm, 6 sh; 42°41.87′ N, 11°26.71′ W; 1720 m; 8 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V10; MNCN • 5 sh; 42°28.81′ N, 11°50.03′ W; 1410 m; 8 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 DR15; MNCN.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Shell rather solid, creamy white, conical and elongated, up to 10.8 mm in height, 5.4 mm width. Protoconch paucispiral, globose, of 1½ whorl, 330 µm in nucleus diameter and about 650 µm in maximum diameter, smooth, with a clear thickened edge marking the transition to teleoconch. Teleoconch with up to 5 convex whorls, first whorl with 2 initially smooth and then slightly nodulose spiral cords, with third cord appearing at the end of this whorl. Spiral sculpture formed by 3 nodulose spiral cords on last 2 whorls, and 3‒4 more basal cords almost smooth on body whorl; uppermost basal cord meeting a level close to the suture at the posterior end of aperture. Axial sculpture formed by nodulose ribs, crossed by the three equally spaced upper spiral cords. Shell entirely marked by strong axial growth lines. Suture incised, with suprasutural furrow. Base conical, with 2 smooth spiral cords that emerge from the interior of the aperture. Aperture elliptical, outer lip thin, prosocline, smooth inside. Inner lip strongly reflected, with a thin and shiny vitreous callus on the parietal area. Columella somewhat inclined to right, with 2 strong folds, posterior larger, columellar end somewhat angled at its end and forming a weak siphonal canal when it meets the outer lip.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Specimens and shells of this species were only found in the deepest BANGAL samples (1631‒1720 m), together with shells of Brocchinia azorica (Bouchet &amp; Warén, 1985) in samples V2 and V5.</p> <p>Brocchinia clenchi Petit, 1986 was originally described from the Josephine Bank at 610‒770 m depth (Petit 1986); the holotype being faintly sculptured and measuring 4.5 mm. The species was later found deeper (1350‒1360 m) in the same locality; shells and specimens were recorded from the Canary Islands (65‒1520 m), Selvagem Grande (830 m), Azores (15‒1250 m) and off Western Sahara (1000‒1100 m) (Verhecken 2002, 2007). Both extremes of the bathymetric range (15‒1520 m) are based on live collected specimens (Verhecken 2007).</p> <p>Verhecken (2007: fig. 29c‒d) illustrated as B. clenchi two larger and more sculptured shells in a lot of six collected in PORCUPINE stn 28 (S of Sagres, 548 m, BMNH 1885.11.5.2607–12), which are closely similar to those from GB and were identified by Jeffreys (1885: 49) as ‘ Cancellaria mitraeformis, Brocchi’. Verhecken (2007) noted that shells of B. clenchi of similar size coming from shallow or deep waters of the Canary Islands may be faintly or strongly sculptured, whereas shells from deeper water were larger (up to 8.5 mm). He nevertheless preferred to consider one species awaiting for more material from different localities. In disagreement with this view, Rolán &amp; Hernández (2009) described Brocchinia canariensis as different from B. clenchi. These authors also concluded that the paratype of B. clenchi (a shell of 6 mm, BMNH 1855.4.4.202, from the Canary Islands) illustrated by Petit (1986), as “possibly the type of Cancellaria pusilla H. Adams, 1869 ” (a junior primary homonym of Cancellaria pusilla G.B. Sowerby I, 1832) was different from both B. clenchi and B. canariensis, therefore their choice to describe a new species from the Canaries rather than propose a replacement name for C. pusilla.</p> <p>Other N Atlantic species, as Brocchinia azorica (Bouchet &amp; Warén, 1985) (see Fig. 25F–I), B. pustulosa Verhecken, 1991, and B. nodosa (Verrill &amp; S. Smith, 1885) have the inside of the outer lip smooth, but are larger and have a more solid and conical shell with stronger nodulose sculpture; B. azorica and B. nodosa also have multispiral protoconchs. The S Atlantic B. decapensis (Barnard, 1960) is the largest Atlantic species (up to 27.3 mm), and has also a more solid and conical shell. Finally, the NE Brazilian species Brocchinia verheckeni Barros &amp; Lima, 2007 and B. harasewychi Barros &amp; Lima, 2007, have a paucispiral protoconch, but they are smaller (up to 4.4 and 6.3 mm, respectively), less elongated than the species from GB, and have a stronger nodulose sculpture; B. verheckeni has lyrae inside the outer lip, whereas B. harasewychi lacks them (see Barros &amp; Lima 2007).</p> <p>Superfamily Conoidea Fleming, 1822</p> <p>This species-rich superfamily is represented on Galicia Bank by members of the families Cochlespiridae Powell, 1942 (Aforia Dall, 1889), Borsoniidae Bellardi, 1875 (Drilliola Locard, 1897, Retidrillia J.H. McLean, 2000), Mangeliidae P.Fischer, 1883 (Kurtziella Dall, 1918),and mostly Raphitomidae Bellardi, 1875 (Pleurotomella Verrill, 1872, Gymnobela Verrill, 1884, Austrobela Criscione, Hallan, Puillandre &amp; Fedosov, 2020, Teretia Norman, 1888, Neopleurotomoides Shuto, 1971). The separation of Pleurotomella species is very difficult, Bouchet &amp; Warén (1980) should be consulted for identification in this genus.</p> <p>Key to the species of Conoidea found in the GB</p> <p>1. Sculpture formed by clearly predominant spiral cords or keels....................................................... 2</p> <p>– Sculpture of axial ribs and spiral cords............................................................................................. 6</p> <p>2. Shell up to 35 mm high, with two keels and finer spiral threads................................................................................................................... Aforia serranoi Gofas, Kantor &amp; Luque, 2014 (Fig. 26A–C)</p> <p>– Shell usually less than 10 mm, not keeled or with only one subsutural keel................................... 3</p> <p>3. Last whorl hardly more than half of total height, protoconch ribbed............................................................................................................................ Drilliola loprestiana (Calcara, 1841) (Fig. 26F–G)</p> <p>– Last whorl nearly two-thirds of total height, protoconch not ribbed............................................... 4</p> <p>4. Subsutural keel present; sometimes a very faint ribbing............................................................................................................. Gymnobela subaraneosa (Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896) (Fig. 27I–J)</p> <p>– No subsutural keel............................................................................................................................ 5</p> <p>5. Spiral cords coarse, protoconch small &lt;0.5 mm................... Teretia teres (Reeve, 1844) (Fig. 26N)</p> <p>– Spiral cords fine, protoconch large&gt; 0.7 mm............................................................................................................................... Teretia megalembryon (Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896) (Fig. 26L–M)</p> <p>6. Spiral sculpture comprising spiral cords, and finer spiral threads in the interspaces of the main cords............................................................................... Kurtziella serga (Dall, 1881) (Fig. 27A–B)</p> <p>– Spiral cords or threads maybe unequal, but not as above................................................................. 7</p> <p>7. Protoconch whitish, with a marked peripheral keel and axial riblets............................................................................ Neopleurotomoides callembryon (Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896) (Fig. 27E–F)</p> <p>– Protoconch generally brownish, with a cris-cross microsculpture of oblique riblets....................... 8</p> <p>8. Protoconch globose with a blunt apex.............................................................................................. 9</p> <p>– Protoconch conical with a pointed apex......................................................................................... 10</p> <p>9. Whorls with a sharp keel bearing fine knobs......... Retidrillia pruina (Watson, 1881) (Fig. 26D–E)</p> <p>– Whorls bluntly angular, with definite flexuose ribs..................................................................................................................................................... Pleurotomella packardii Verrill, 1872 (Fig. 27C–D)</p> <p>10. Shell robust, distinctly shouldered, with fine spiral cordlets and broader axial folds.....................11</p> <p>– Shell thin, not distinctly shouldered, with spiral cords and axial ribs............................................ 12</p> <p>11. Shell stout (diameter more than half the height), ribs few........................................................................................................................................... Gymnobela abyssorum (Locard, 1897) (Fig. 26H–I)</p> <p>– Shell slender (diameter less than half the height), ribs numerous.......................................................................................... Austrobela pyrrhogramma (Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896) (Fig. 26J–K)</p> <p>12. Shell rather solid, brownish with faint spiral banding.................................................................................................................................. Pleurotomella gibbera Bouchet &amp; Warén, 1980 (Fig. 27G–H)</p> <p>– Shell white or vitreous except for brown protoconch..................................................................... 13</p> <p>13. Ribs thin and flexuous, much narrower than interspaces; spiral cords delicate and also widely spaced....................... Pleurotomella coelorhaphe (Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896) (Fig. 27K–L)</p> <p>– Ribs rather robust, may be oblique but not definitely flexuous...................................................... 14</p> <p>14. Ribs and cords forming a definite lattice, with interspaces about twice as broad as those; ribs ca 12 on last whorl............ Pleurotomella eurybrocha (Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896) (Fig. 27M–N)</p> <p>– Ribs and cords with interspaces only slightly broader than them, ribs ca, 20 on last whorl........................................................ Pleurotomella demosia (Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896) (Fig. 27O–P)</p> <p>Subclass Heterobranchia</p> <p>Family Pyramidellidae Gray, 1840</p> <p>Members of the family Pyramidellidae, all of which are ectoparasites on other invertebrates (mostly annelids and molluscs), are unusually rare on GB, totalizing only 3 specimens and 8 shells.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC34BFFDD8C60FB050DB0F9D5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC349FFA38C0CF9C60B64FE0C.text	D63CF03CC349FFA38C0CF9C60B64FE0C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Conoidea Fleming 1822	<div><p>Superfamily Conoidea Fleming, 1822</p> <p>This species-rich superfamily is represented on Galicia Bank by members of the families Cochlespiridae Powell, 1942 (Aforia Dall, 1889), Borsoniidae Bellardi, 1875 (Drilliola Locard, 1897, Retidrillia J.H. McLean, 2000), Mangeliidae P.Fischer, 1883 (Kurtziella Dall, 1918),and mostly Raphitomidae Bellardi, 1875 (Pleurotomella Verrill, 1872, Gymnobela Verrill, 1884, Austrobela Criscione, Hallan, Puillandre &amp; Fedosov, 2020, Teretia Norman, 1888, Neopleurotomoides Shuto, 1971). The separation of Pleurotomella species is very difficult, Bouchet &amp; Warén (1980) should be consulted for identification in this genus.</p> <p>Key to the species of Conoidea found in the GB</p> <p>1. Sculpture formed by clearly predominant spiral cords or keels....................................................... 2</p> <p>– Sculpture of axial ribs and spiral cords............................................................................................. 6</p> <p>2. Shell up to 35 mm high, with two keels and finer spiral threads................................................................................................................... Aforia serranoi Gofas, Kantor &amp; Luque, 2014 (Fig. 26A–C)</p> <p>– Shell usually less than 10 mm, not keeled or with only one subsutural keel................................... 3</p> <p>3. Last whorl hardly more than half of total height, protoconch ribbed............................................................................................................................ Drilliola loprestiana (Calcara, 1841) (Fig. 26F–G)</p> <p>– Last whorl nearly two-thirds of total height, protoconch not ribbed............................................... 4</p> <p>4. Subsutural keel present; sometimes a very faint ribbing............................................................................................................. Gymnobela subaraneosa (Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896) (Fig. 27I–J)</p> <p>– No subsutural keel............................................................................................................................ 5</p> <p>5. Spiral cords coarse, protoconch small &lt;0.5 mm................... Teretia teres (Reeve, 1844) (Fig. 26N)</p> <p>– Spiral cords fine, protoconch large&gt; 0.7 mm............................................................................................................................... Teretia megalembryon (Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896) (Fig. 26L–M)</p> <p>6. Spiral sculpture comprising spiral cords, and finer spiral threads in the interspaces of the main cords............................................................................... Kurtziella serga (Dall, 1881) (Fig. 27A–B)</p> <p>– Spiral cords or threads maybe unequal, but not as above................................................................. 7</p> <p>7. Protoconch whitish, with a marked peripheral keel and axial riblets............................................................................ Neopleurotomoides callembryon (Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896) (Fig. 27E–F)</p> <p>– Protoconch generally brownish, with a cris-cross microsculpture of oblique riblets....................... 8</p> <p>8. Protoconch globose with a blunt apex.............................................................................................. 9</p> <p>– Protoconch conical with a pointed apex......................................................................................... 10</p> <p>9. Whorls with a sharp keel bearing fine knobs......... Retidrillia pruina (Watson, 1881) (Fig. 26D–E)</p> <p>– Whorls bluntly angular, with definite flexuose ribs..................................................................................................................................................... Pleurotomella packardii Verrill, 1872 (Fig. 27C–D)</p> <p>10. Shell robust, distinctly shouldered, with fine spiral cordlets and broader axial folds.....................11</p> <p>– Shell thin, not distinctly shouldered, with spiral cords and axial ribs............................................ 12</p> <p>11. Shell stout (diameter more than half the height), ribs few........................................................................................................................................... Gymnobela abyssorum (Locard, 1897) (Fig. 26H–I)</p> <p>– Shell slender (diameter less than half the height), ribs numerous.......................................................................................... Austrobela pyrrhogramma (Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896) (Fig. 26J–K)</p> <p>12. Shell rather solid, brownish with faint spiral banding.................................................................................................................................. Pleurotomella gibbera Bouchet &amp; Warén, 1980 (Fig. 27G–H)</p> <p>– Shell white or vitreous except for brown protoconch..................................................................... 13</p> <p>13. Ribs thin and flexuous, much narrower than interspaces; spiral cords delicate and also widely spaced....................... Pleurotomella coelorhaphe (Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896) (Fig. 27K–L)</p> <p>– Ribs rather robust, may be oblique but not definitely flexuous...................................................... 14</p> <p>14. Ribs and cords forming a definite lattice, with interspaces about twice as broad as those; ribs ca 12 on last whorl............ Pleurotomella eurybrocha (Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896) (Fig. 27M–N)</p> <p>– Ribs and cords with interspaces only slightly broader than them, ribs ca, 20 on last whorl........................................................ Pleurotomella demosia (Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896) (Fig. 27O–P)</p> <p>Subclass Heterobranchia</p> <p>Family Pyramidellidae Gray, 1840</p> <p>Members of the family Pyramidellidae, all of which are ectoparasites on other invertebrates (mostly annelids and molluscs), are unusually rare on GB, totalizing only 3 specimens and 8 shells.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC349FFA38C0CF9C60B64FE0C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC337FFA38C7FFE6D0AFBFDC6.text	D63CF03CC337FFA38C7FFE6D0AFBFDC6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pyramidellidae Gray 1840	<div><p>Family Pyramidellidae Gray, 1840</p> <p>Members of the family Pyramidellidae, all of which are ectoparasites on other invertebrates (mostly annelids and molluscs), are unusually rare on GB, totalizing only 3 specimens and 8 shells.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC337FFA38C7FFE6D0AFBFDC6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC337FFA38C5FFDDA0DEDFD68.text	D63CF03CC337FFA38C5FFDDA0DEDFD68.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tiberia Jeffreys 1884	<div><p>Genus Tiberia Jeffreys, 1884</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Pyramidella minuscula Monterosato, 1880, by subsequent designation.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC337FFA38C5FFDDA0DEDFD68	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC337FFA38CE9FCB50AE3F9B8.text	D63CF03CC337FFA38CE9FCB50AE3F9B8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tiberia sp.	<div><p>Tiberia sp.</p> <p>Fig. 28D‒F</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p>GALICIA BANK • 1 spm, 2 sh; 42°41.87′ N, 11°26.71′ W; 1720 m; 8 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V10; MNCN.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>The genus Tiberia is diagnosed by being umbilicate and having a straight columella with three folds, of which the two abapical ones are inconspicuous. The type species Pyramidella minuscula Monterosato, 1880 has a rather thick shell with brown spiral bands, one below the suture and another one above it, prolonged on the middle part of the last whorl. One specimen collected in 1720 m deep on GB (Fig. 28D‒F) is definitely a Tiberia but differs from T. minuscula in being colourless, and in having a very thin shell with a markedly keeled last whorl.</p> <p>Pyramidella curtissima Locard, 1897, described from deep water (Travailleur 1881, stn 3, 3307 m; stn 30, 1203 m; Travailleur 1882, stn 13, 2030 m) off Portugal, is much stouter than the specimen illustrated here. The figured syntype could not be traced in the “Travailleur” and “Talisman” collection of MNHN, Paris; one shell with no indication of station number, labelled “ Portugal ” (Fig. 28G) is in poor condition, and four other shells from “Travailleur” 1881 stn 31 (not mentioned in Locard 1897) are the rissoid Benthonella tenella.</p> <p>Without additional material at hand, the observed differences are not sufficient to demonstrate that our specimen is specifically distinct from T. minuscula and it is therefore reported as Tiberia sp.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC337FFA38CE9FCB50AE3F9B8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC337FFA38C57F9DD0D98F96B.text	D63CF03CC337FFA38C57F9DD0D98F96B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Turbonilla Risso 1826	<div><p>Genus Turbonilla Risso, 1826</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Turbonilla costulata Risso, 1826, by subsequent designation.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC337FFA38C57F9DD0D98F96B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC337FFA78C2BF8AC0F73FD83.text	D63CF03CC337FFA78C2BF8AC0F73FD83.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Turbonilla paucistriata (Jeffreys 1884) Tibersyrnola	<div><p>Turbonilla cf. paucistriata (Jeffreys, 1884)</p> <p>Fig. 28H</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p><a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.9755&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.946167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.9755/lat 42.946167)">GALICIA BANK</a> • 1 spm, 1 sh; 42°56.77′ N, 11°58.53′ W; 1631 m; 2 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V5; MNCN • 2 sh; 42°41.87′ N, 11°26.71′ W; 1720 m; 8 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V10; MNCN.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>The single specimen and three shells resemble Turbonilla paucistriata (Jeffreys, 1884), originally described from much shallower depth of the Mediterranean (in the Sicily Channel), but differ in being more slender and having a more distinctly protruding protoconch, also of van Aartsen’s (1987) “ type B” i.e., with coiling axis making an angle of ca 100° with teleoconch axis. Turbonilla amoena (Monterosato, 1878) is also similar but broader. Not much more can be said without additional material from the area.</p> <p>Family Ringiculidae Philippi, 1853</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC337FFA78C2BF8AC0F73FD83	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC333FFA78C65FDD70A5BFD75.text	D63CF03CC333FFA78C65FDD70A5BFD75.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ringicula Deshayes 1838	<div><p>Genus Ringicula Deshayes, 1838</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Marginella auriculata Ménard de la Groye, 1811, by subsequent designation.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC333FFA78C65FDD70A5BFD75	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC333FFA78C5AFCA60C23F96F.text	D63CF03CC333FFA78C5AFCA60C23F96F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ringicula nitida Verrill 1872	<div><p>Ringicula nitida Verrill, 1872</p> <p>Fig. 29F‒G</p> <p>Ringicula nitida Verrill, 1872: 16.</p> <p>Ringicula nitida – Bouchet 1975: 329–331.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p><a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.961166&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.002" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.961166/lat 43.002)">GALICIA BANK</a> • 20 sh; 43°00.12′ N, 11°57.67′ W; 1706 m; 29 Jul. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V2; MNCN • 1 sh; 42°56.77′ N, 11°58.53′ W; 1631 m; 2 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V5; MNCN • 1 sh; 42°59.61′ N, 11°58.41′ W; 1671 m; 7 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V9; MNCN.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Bouchet (1975) considered several deep-sea species of Ringicula as synonyms of R. nitida and, based on this, cited that species from several localities off the northwestern Iberian Peninsula, including GB. However, Mariottini et al. (2000) considered R. nitida as restricted to the Western Atlantic and referred the records by Bouchet (1975) to R. gianninii Nordsieck, 1974, which differs by having a higher spire, more convex whorls, and by forming a parietal tooth (“columellar tooth” in Mariottini et al. 2000) which R. nitida does not have. However, the specimens collected on GB have a low spire with slightly convex whorls and lack a parietal tooth, therefore being so similar to the lectotype of the American species (Mariottini et al. 2000: fig. 7) that, except for the geographic distance, we see no reason for their specific separation with the material at hand. The only difference observed is the number of spiral striae, which are around 30 in GB shells, less conspicuous in the abapical part of the whorls, while they are about 14 in the lectotype of R. nitida. Bearing in mind that most of the other heterobranchs present in the area such as Acteon monterosatoi Dautzenberg, 1889, Crenilabium exile (Jeffreys, 1870), Pyrunculus ovatus (Jeffreys, 1871) and Scaphander punctostriatus (Mighels &amp; C.B. Adams, 1842) are considered amphiatlantic, we find more prudent to assign these specimens, tentatively, to R. nitida rather than describe them as a new species.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC333FFA78C5AFCA60C23F96F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC333FFA48C3CF8A80DD9FAB0.text	D63CF03CC333FFA48C3CF8A80DD9FAB0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ringicula crassidens Gofas & Luque & Oliver & Templado & Serrano 2021	<div><p>Ringicula crassidens Gofas &amp; Luque sp. nov.</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 8E4FB886-47AD-479C-9B49-238DD01F4F27</p> <p>Fig. 29H‒K</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>The specific name refers to the characteristic columellar folds (‘ crassidens ’, thick teeth).</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>Holotype GALICIA BANK • 1 sh (Fig. 29 H ‒ I, 2.2 mm high); 42°28.81′ N, 11°50.03′ W; 1410 m; 8 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 DR15; MNCN 15.05 /200140H.</p> <p>Paratypes GALICIA BANK • 3 sh; same collection data as for holotype; MNCN 15.05 /200140P.</p> <p>Other material examined</p> <p><a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.676333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.699" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.676333/lat 42.699)">GALICIA BANK</a> • 20 sh; 42°41.94′ N, 11°40.58′ W; 744 m; 31 Jul. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V4; MNCN.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Shell small (holotype height 2.2 mm), semi-transparent, not very solid, globose, with a well defined suture and moderately elevated spire. Protoconch of a little more than half a whorl, smooth, without microsculpture even at high magnification. Teleoconch formed by 2½ whorls, the first one almost smooth, the last with about 38‒40 well marked, irregularly spaced spiral grooves which, under high magnification, appear as continuous series of square pits, and also with very fine growth lines; in the holotype there is also a growth stage in the last half whorl. Aperture slightly more than ⅔ of the total height, with two very marked columellar folds, the abapical one slightly larger, and with a very blunt and thick tooth in the middle of the parietal edge. Outer lip only slightly thickened, with a rounded edge. Very short siphonal canal. Colour uniformly white.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>This tiny species resembles Ringicula blanchardi Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896, described from the bathyal of the Azores, with which it shares the considerable development of the parietal tooth and the very clear spiral sculpture. It differs from it, however, because of its smaller size and more globose shape and lower spire with almost one whorl less. The great development of the parietal tooth, absent even in adults of R. nitida, indicates that, despite the scarce thickening of the outer lip, these are adult shells. The specimen from the GB reported by Rolán Mosquera (1983: 280) as Ringicula blanchardi Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1896 is in such a bad state that it cannot be recognized.</p> <p>Family uncertain</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC333FFA48C3CF8A80DD9FAB0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC330FFA48C58FA270D2AF9A5.text	D63CF03CC330FFA48C58FA270D2AF9A5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cylichnium Dall 1908	<div><p>Genus Cylichnium Dall, 1908</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Utriculus domitus Dall, 1889, by original designation.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC330FFA48C58FA270D2AF9A5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC330FFAA8C03F9F60D50FC9A.text	D63CF03CC330FFAA8C03F9F60D50FC9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cylichnium oliviforme (Watson 1883)	<div><p>Cylichnium oliviforme (Watson, 1883)</p> <p>Fig. 30H‒J</p> <p>Utriculus oliviformis Watson, 1883: 332.</p> <p>Utriculus sp. – Watson 1886: 648, pl. 48 fig. 6.</p> <p>Utriculus oliviformis – Dautzenberg &amp; Fischer 1896: 400.</p> <p>Cylichnium oliviforme (Watson, 1883) – Fechter 1979: 37–38.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p><a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.9755&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.946167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.9755/lat 42.946167)">GALICIA BANK</a> • 7 sh; 42°56.77′ N, 11°58.53′ W; 1631 m; 2 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V5; MNCN • 6 sh; 42°41.87′ N, 11°26.71′ W; 1720 m; 8 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V10; MNCN.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>This species was described tentatively by Watson (1883) and later retracted by Watson (1886) on the grounds of poor condition of the material examined, originating from off the Azores in 1000 fathoms (1850 m). The species was again found off the Azores by Dautzenberg &amp; Fischer (1896) and confirmed as valid. It was later reported from off the NW Iberian Peninsula by Fechter (1979) and transferred to the genus Cylichnium Dall, 1908. The size given 0.32 inches (8.1 mm) and the depth of the type locality are in good agreement with our material. Bouchet (1975) reported Cylichnium africanum (Locard, 1897) from R/V “ Thalassa ” stn X 336 in southern Bay of Biscay (44°11′ N, 05°10′ W, 1850‒2050 m). He considered it distinct from Cylichnium oliviforme because, in his words, the latter is more distinctly flattened below the suture and has a finely reticulated sculpture in the upper part of the last whorl. Nevertheless, according to these characters we consider the shell figured by Bouchet (1975: pl. 4, c) as conspecific with our material. Conversely Locard (1897: pl. 2 figs 15‒19) illustrated, to represent his Aceras africana, a shell in which the last whorl almost completely covers the spire whereas both the type of C. oliviforme and our specimens have a descending last whorl. Therefore, we follow Fechter (1979) in using the name C. oliviforme for the Iberian species.</p> <p>Family Tornatinidae P. Fischer, 1883</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC330FFAA8C03F9F60D50FC9A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC33EFFAA8C40FC390D26FB8C.text	D63CF03CC33EFFAA8C40FC390D26FB8C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acteocina Gray 1847	<div><p>Genus Acteocina Gray, 1847</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Acteon wetherellii Lea, 1833, by original designation.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC33EFFAA8C40FC390D26FB8C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC33EFFA88C35FB880C7FFDA3.text	D63CF03CC33EFFA88C35FB880C7FFDA3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acteocina interrogens Gofas & Luque 2021	<div><p>Acteocina interrogens Gofas &amp; Luque sp. nov.</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 7B1EE4AD-8C25-4465-B07C-7E65B8F5F5C5</p> <p>Fig. 30K‒L</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>The specific name refers to shape of the protoconch resembling a question mark.</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>Holotype GALICIA BANK • 1 sh (Fig. 30 K ‒ L, 2.4 mm high); 42°41.94′ N, 11°40.58′ W; 744 m; 31 Jul. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V4; MNCN 15.05 /200141H.</p> <p>Paratype GALICIA BANK • 1 sh; same collection data as for holotype; MNCN 15.05 /200141P.</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Shell small (holotype height 2.4 mm, diameter 1.2 mm), opaque white, cylindrical with a protruding spire. Protoconch of about 1.5 rounded whorls, with a diameter of ca 300 μm, sinistral with a very low spire, its coiling axis forming an angle of ca 100° with coiling axis of teleoconch, markedly protruding and distinctly demarcated from the teleoconch. The holotype has 2.5 teleoconch whorls, slightly convex, only ornamented with faint growth lines; last whorl being about 80% of total height in apertural view, and covering most of the previous teleoconch whorl, adapically with a sharp keel situated at a short distance from the suture and delimiting a flat subsutural shoulder. Aperture occupying two thirds of the total height, broadly rounded abapically and gradually narrowing adapically. Columella curved, continuous with the parietal wall, delimited by a very narrow callus. There is no umbilicus. External lip thin and cutting, straight in its median part, markedly curved at both ends.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>This species is so distinctive that we describe it despite the very scanty material. Acteocina knockeri (E.A. Smith, 1872), described from shallow water of Benin, West Africa, is twice as large, with a proportionally tiny hyperstrophic protoconch, and the adapical part of the whorls has two keels and bears axial folds which project, crown-like, on the subsutural flat. Acteocina protracta (Dautzenberg, 1889), described from deep water off the Azores, also has a much smaller protoconch and the last whorl accounts for 90% of total height in apertural view. We do not know of any Atlantic species approaching this GB species in shell morphology.</p> <p>Class Bivalvia Linnaeus, 1758</p> <p>Subclass Protobranchia Pelseneer, 1889</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC33EFFA88C35FB880C7FFDA3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC33CFFA88E8DFD220B64F844.text	D63CF03CC33CFFA88E8DFD220B64F844.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Protobranchia Pelseneer 1889	<div><p>Key to genera and species of Protobranchia found on GB</p> <p>See also Killeen &amp; Turner (2009) for identification of many North Atlantic Yoldiella Verrill &amp; Bush, 1897 and Ledella Verrill &amp; Bush, 1897 species not found in the present material.</p> <p>1. Hinge plate narrowing but not interrupted under the umbo, with teeth forming a continuous series........................................................................................................................................................... 2</p> <p>– Hinge plate interrupted beneath the umbo by a ligamental pit......................................................... 3</p> <p>2. Outline regularly oval, longer than high................... Tindaria sericea (Jeffreys, 1876) (Fig. 31G‒I)</p> <p>– Outline rounded anteriorly and tapering posteriorly........................................................................................................................................ Pseudoneilonella latior (Jeffreys, 1876) [not found on GB]</p> <p>3. Outline triangular with rounded ends; inside of shell nacreous....................................................... 4</p> <p>– Outline rounded, oval, or with anterior end rounded and posterior end tapering; inside of shell not nacreous........................................................................................................................................... 6</p> <p>4. Ventral margin smooth................................. Ennucula corbuloide s (Seguenza, 1877) (Fig. 31E‒F)</p> <p>‒ Ventral margin crenulated by the termination of internal rods......................................................... 5</p> <p>5. Shell plump, externally with fine radial microsculpture..................................................................................................................................................... Nucula atacellana Schenck, 1939 (Fig. 31C‒D)</p> <p>– Shell rather compressed, sculpture mostly commarginal........................................................................................................................................................ Nucula tumidula Malm, 1861 (Fig. 31A‒B)</p> <p>6. Posterior end acute or more or less angular...................................................................................... 7</p> <p>– Posterior end rounded, even if somewhat tapering........................................................................... 8</p> <p>7. Posterior end acute, umbo anterior to vertical midline.................................................................................................................................................. Ledella messanensis (Jeffreys, 1870) (Fig. 32A‒B)</p> <p>– Posterior end bluntly angular, umbo posterior to vertical midline........................................................................................................................................... Ledella cf. orixa (Dall, 1927) (Fig. 32C‒D)</p> <p>8. Shell less than 2 mm, white, rounded in outline........................................................................................................................................................... Pristigloma minima (Seguenza, 1877) (Fig. 31J‒K)</p> <p>– Shell larger, definitely longer than high............................................................................................ 9</p> <p>9. Shell inflated, posteriorly tapering.................... Yoldiella semistriata (Jeffreys, 1879) (Fig. 32G‒H)</p> <p>– Shell very compressed, posterior part broadly rounded............................................................................................................................... Yoldiella valorousae Killeen &amp; J. A. Turner, 2009 (Fig. 32I‒J)</p> <p>Family Nuculanidae H. &amp; A. Adams, 1858</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC33CFFA88E8DFD220B64F844	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC33DFFA98C5BFE460F90FB34.text	D63CF03CC33DFFA98C5BFE460F90FB34.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ledella orixa (Dall 1927)	<div><p>Ledella cf. orixa (Dall, 1927)</p> <p>Fig. 32C‒D</p> <p>Leda orixa Dall, 1927: 8‒9.</p> <p>Ledella oxira [sic] (Dall, 1927) ‒ Allen &amp; Hannah 1989: 148.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p><a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.824333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.6295" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.824333/lat 42.6295)">GALICIA BANK</a> • 1 sh; 42°37.77′ N, 11°49.46′ W; 818 m; 30 Jul. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V3; MNCN • 1 sh, 45 v; 42°41.94′ N, 11°40.58′ W; 744 m; 31 Jul. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V4; MNCN • 1 v; 42°56.77′ N, 11°58.53′ W; 1631 m; 2 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V5; MNCN.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>This minute species is represented both in shallow and deep samples from INDEMARES BANGAL. The illustrated syntype (Fig. 32E‒F), deemed to be a holotype in Allen &amp; Hannah (1989), is larger, with more robust teeth, but otherwise shares with our specimens the unusual inequilateral outline with the pointed posterior part shorter than the anterior. Sizes (3.12 and 1.74 mm) reported by Allen &amp; Hannah (1989) for additional specimens are in the same range. Although this may be an undescribed species similar to L. orixa, we prefer to use tentatively this name and await the availability of live-taken material for further study.</p> <p>Family Yoldiidae Dall, 1908</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC33DFFA98C5BFE460F90FB34	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC33DFFA98C75FEF60A46FE55.text	D63CF03CC33DFFA98C75FEF60A46FE55.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ledella Verrill & Bush 1897	<div><p>Genus Ledella Verrill &amp; Bush, 1897</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Ledella bushae Warén, 1978, by subsequent designation, ICZN Opinion 1306.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC33DFFA98C75FEF60A46FE55	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC33DFFA98C0EFAA30D0AFA29.text	D63CF03CC33DFFA98C0EFAA30D0AFA29.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Yoldiella Verrill & Bush 1897	<div><p>Genus Yoldiella Verrill &amp; Bush, 1897</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Yoldia lucida Lovén, 1846, by original designation.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC33DFFA98C0EFAA30D0AFA29	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC33DFFAF8FC8FA720B4BFD98.text	D63CF03CC33DFFAF8FC8FA720B4BFD98.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Yoldiella valorousae Killeen & J. A. Turner 2009	<div><p>Yoldiella valorousae Killeen &amp; J.A. Turner, 2009</p> <p>Fig. 32I‒J</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p><a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.961166&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.002" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.961166/lat 43.002)">GALICIA BANK</a> • 2 spm, 2 sh; 43°00.12′ N, 11°57.67′ W; 1706 m; 29 Jul. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V2; MNCN • 2 sh, 1 v; 42°56.77′ N, 11°58.53′ W; 1631 m; 2 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V5; MNCN • 1 v; 42°41.87′ N, 11°26.71′ W; 1720 m; 8 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V10; MNCN • 1 v; 42°32.16′ N, 12°03.79′ W; 1585 m; 5 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 DR12; MNCN.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>There is a complicated nomenclatural and taxonomic history for the small Yoldiella species originally described by Jeffreys (1876) as Leda lata, from abyssal depths of the North Atlantic. The name is a secondary homonym of Nucula lata Hinds, 1843, for which reason it was renamed Leda jeffreysi Hidalgo, 1877. Allen et al. (1995) considered that Jeffreys’ type material comprised two different species; they used the preoccupied name Yoldiella lata for one of them and the replacement name Yoldiella jeffreysi for the other one, disregarding the nomenclatural rule (ICZN Art. 72.7) which makes them objective synonyms. The nomenclatural flaw was fixed by Killeen &amp; Turner (2009), who endorsed the specific distinction, based Yoldiella jeffreysi on the lectotype of Y. lata (USNM 199696, from “Valorous” stn 16, west of Rockall Plateau, 1785 fms [3265 m]) designated by Allen &amp; Hannah (1989) for their concept of Yoldiella jeffreysi, and named Yoldiella valorousae the second species (treated as “ Yoldiella lata ” in Allen &amp; Hannah 1989), based on a shell (USNM 199695) from “Valorous” stn 9, off S Greenland, 1750 fms [3200 m]. Allen &amp; Hannah (1989) and Killeen &amp; Turner (2009) reported both species as widespread in the North Atlantic. Both species are similar in outline but Y. valorousae differs from Y. jeffreysi in being more compressed.</p> <p>Family Pristiglomidae Sanders &amp; Allen, 1973</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC33DFFAF8FC8FA720B4BFD98	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC33BFFAF8C30F9C90A2EF977.text	D63CF03CC33BFFAF8C30F9C90A2EF977.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Policordia Dall, Bartsch & Rehder 1938	<div><p>Genus Policordia Dall, Bartsch &amp; Rehder, 1938</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Policordia diomedea Dall, Bartsch &amp; Rehder, 1938, by original designation.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC33BFFAF8C30F9C90A2EF977	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC33BFFAF8C59FDCE0D6BFD77.text	D63CF03CC33BFFAF8C59FDCE0D6BFD77.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pristigloma Dall 1900	<div><p>Genus Pristigloma Dall, 1900</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Glomus nitens Jeffreys, 1876, retained from replaced name.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC33BFFAF8C59FDCE0D6BFD77	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC33BFFAF8C07FCA80CF3FA55.text	D63CF03CC33BFFAF8C07FCA80CF3FA55.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pristigloma minima (Seguenza 1877)	<div><p>Pristigloma minima (Seguenza, 1877)</p> <p>Fig. 31J‒K</p> <p>Yoldia minima Seguenza, 1877a: 96.</p> <p>Yoldia minima – Seguenza 1877b: 1178, pl. 5 figs 27, 27a–c.</p> <p>Pristigloma minima (Seguenza, 1877) ‒ Hoffman &amp; Freiwald 2017: 69.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p><a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.6&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.666668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.6/lat 42.666668)">GALICIA BANK</a> • 1 sh; 42°40′ N, 11°36′ W; 675‒685 m; 19 Oct. 1987; SEAMOUNT 1 DW111; MNHN • 1 v; 43°00.12′ N, 11°57.67′ W; 1706 m; 29 Jul. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V2; MNCN • 2 v; 42°41.94′ N, 11°40.58′ W; 744 m; 31 Jul. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V4; MNCN.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>This minute species, originally described from the Pleistocene of Sicily (see Di Geronimo &amp; La Perna 1997), has been reported from the Canaries (Ortega &amp; Gofas 2019) and from several North Atlantic seamounts including GB (Hoffman &amp; Freiwald 2017). Pseudoglomus pompholyx (Dall, 1890) from the Western Atlantic is superficially very similar, but larger (4 mm) and differs in that the ligament is set in a pit dorsally to the hinge line which remains unaffected (see Ockelmann &amp; Warén 1998 for a good figure), whereas the present species has a resilifer interrupting the hinge. The generic placement could only be ascertained with live-taken specimens.</p> <p>Subclass Autobranchia Grobben, 1894 Superorder Anomalodesmata</p> <p>Family Lyonsiellidae Dall, 1895</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC33BFFAF8C07FCA80CF3FA55	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC33BFFB78C64F8AB0CF1FDCA.text	D63CF03CC33BFFB78C64F8AB0CF1FDCA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Policordia gemma (Verrill 1880)	<div><p>Policordia gemma (Verrill, 1880)</p> <p>Fig. 39E‒F</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p><a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.961166&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.002" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.961166/lat 43.002)">GALICIA BANK</a> • 6 v; 43°00.12′ N, 11°57.67′ W; 1706 m; 29 Jul. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V2; MNCN • 2 v; 42°56.77′ N, 11°58.53′ W; 1631 m; 2 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V5; MNCN • 2 spm; 42°38.48′ N, 11°29.68′ W; 1565 m; 6 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V8; MNCN • 3 spm, 6 v; 42°41.87′ N, 11°26.71′ W; 1720 m; 8 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V10; MNCN.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>Most of the specimens collected during BANGAL 0711 were assigned to Policordia gemma as represented on Fig. 39E‒F. Nevertheless, a second species, represented by only three specimens and one shell, was present in sample V10 (1720 m) together with P. gemma and was tentatively identified in the preliminary INDEMARES BANGAL 0711 report (Gofas et al. 2014b) and in Gofas et al. (2017) as Policordia atlantica Allen &amp; J.F. Turner, 1974.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC33BFFB78C64F8AB0CF1FDCA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC323FFB48E8DFB5F0B64FD8B.text	D63CF03CC323FFB48E8DFB5F0B64FD8B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cuspidarioidea Dall 1886	<div><p>Key to genera and species of the superfamily Cuspidarioidea found on GB</p> <p>1. Sculpture with definite radial ribs..................................................................................................... 2</p> <p>– Sculpture only commarginal (may include faint ridges from umbo to posterior part), or surface of shell smooth.................................................................................................................................. 3</p> <p>2. Two strong radial ribs on posterior half, anterior with commarginal undulations................................................................................................................ Myonera paucistriata Dall, 1886 (Fig. 41A‒C)</p> <p>– Numerous fine radial ribs on posterior half...... Cardiomya cadiziana M. Huber, 2010 (Fig. 41G‒I)</p> <p>3. Posterior rostrum short and stout...................................................................................................... 4</p> <p>– Posterior rostrum tapering................................................................................................................ 6</p> <p>4. Shell inflated, smooth and glossy................. Jeffreysomya truncata (Jeffreys, 1882) (Fig. 41D‒F)</p> <p>– Shell compressed, with marked growth lines and wrinkles on posterior part.................................. 5</p> <p>5. An anterior lateral tooth on the right valve.................................................................................................................................................... Protocuspidaria verityi Allen &amp; Morgan, 1981 (Fig. 43 D‒G)</p> <p>– No teeth on either valve.................. Protocuspidaria simplis Allen &amp; Morgan, 1981 (Fig. 43 H‒K)</p> <p>6. Hinge of right valve with a small knob-like cardinal and no lateral teeth; posterior rostrum pointed, not definitely distinct from rest of the shell.... Halonympha depressa (Jeffreys, 1882) (Fig. 43 A‒C)</p> <p>– Hinge of right valve with at least one (posterior) lateral tooth............................................................7</p> <p>7. Hinge of right valve with anterior and posterior lateral teeth (genus Rhinoclama)......................... 8</p> <p>– Hinge of right valve with only a posterior lateral tooth............................................................................................................................................. Cuspidaria cf. rostrata (Spengler, 1793) (Fig. 42G‒I)</p> <p>8. Posterior part of shell (excluding rostrum) with widely spaced commarginal cordlets; anterior lateral long and lamellar...................................... Rhinoclama semistrigosa (Jeffreys, 1882) (Fig. 42D‒F)</p> <p>– Posterior part of shell (excluding rostrum) with growth lines only; anterior lateral short and bulging................................................................... Rhinoclama teres (Jeffreys, 1882) (Fig. 42A‒C)</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC323FFB48E8DFB5F0B64FD8B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC320FFB48C51FD940A9CFD2A.text	D63CF03CC320FFB48C51FD940A9CFD2A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cuspidaria Nardo 1840	<div><p>Genus Cuspidaria Nardo, 1840</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Cuspidaria typus Nardo, 1840 = Cuspidaria cuspidata (Olivi, 1792), by monotypy.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC320FFB48C51FD940A9CFD2A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC320FFB48C1CFD740B15FB0B.text	D63CF03CC320FFB48C1CFD740B15FB0B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cuspidaria rostrata (Spengler 1793)	<div><p>Cuspidaria cf. rostrata (Spengler, 1793)</p> <p>Fig. 42G‒I</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p><a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.824333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.6295" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.824333/lat 42.6295)">GALICIA BANK</a> • 3 v; 42°37.77′ N, 11°49.46′ W; 818 m; 30 Jul. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V3; MNCN • 4 v; 42°41.94′ N, 11°40.58′ W; 744 m; 31 Jul. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V4; MNCN.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>A specimen of this species from GB was figured by Rolán et al. (1990) as Cuspidaria capensis (E.A. Smith, 1885). Specimens from GB have a posterior rostrum shorter than usually seen in Cuspidaria rostrata, and are smaller, resembling in those features Cuspidaria meteoris Krylova, 2006, described from the mid-Atlantic seamount group. However, they do not show the sloping postero-ventral margin characteristic of the latter, and are therefore conservatively identified to the mainland species.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC320FFB48C1CFD740B15FB0B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC320FFB48C14FB0C0D76FABB.text	D63CF03CC320FFB48C14FB0C0D76FABB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myonera Dall & E. A. Smith 1886	<div><p>Genus Myonera Dall &amp; E.A. Smith, 1886</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Myonera paucistriata Dall, 1886, by original designation.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC320FFB48C14FB0C0D76FABB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC320FFB48C66FADC0AC9F83F.text	D63CF03CC320FFB48C66FADC0AC9F83F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myonera paucistriata Dall 1886	<div><p>Myonera paucistriata Dall, 1886</p> <p>Fig. 41A‒C</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p><a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.445167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.697834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.445167/lat 42.697834)">GALICIA BANK</a> • 4 spm, 16 v; 42°41.87′ N, 11°26.71′ W; 1720 m; 8 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V10; MNCN.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>This species was mistaken in the preliminary INDEMARES BANGAL 0711 report (Gofas et al. 2014b), for the similar M. angularis (Jeffreys, 1876) which has been reported from off Portugal (type locality) and off northwestern Morocco (Salas 1996: fig. 127) but not in Spain. The latter differs in having only one sharp keel delimiting the smooth posterior area and in having more numerous and finer commarginal ridges on the anterior and median part of the shell. Myonera acutecarinata (Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1906), described from off the Cape Verde Islands, is also very similar but more tapering posteriorly. Myonera bicarinata E.A. Smith, 1896 and Myonera dispar (Dall, Bartsch &amp; Rehder, 1938) have been synonymized by Allen &amp; Morgan (1981) but cautiously retained as separate species by Huber (2010), taking into account their type localities in the Indian Ocean and off Hawaii, respectively.</p> <p>Family Protocuspidariidae Scarlato &amp; Starobogatov, 1983</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC320FFB48C66FADC0AC9F83F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC32BFFBF8C37FEF60D80FE56.text	D63CF03CC32BFFBF8C37FEF60D80FE56.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Protocuspidaria Allen & Morgan 1981	<div><p>Genus Protocuspidaria Allen &amp; Morgan, 1981</p> <p>Type species</p> <p>Protocuspidaria verityi Allen &amp; Morgan, 1981, by monotypy.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC32BFFBF8C37FEF60D80FE56	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
D63CF03CC32BFFBC8C37FE400B7DFA4A.text	D63CF03CC32BFFBC8C37FE400B7DFA4A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Protocuspidaria verityi Allen & Morgan 1981	<div><p>Protocuspidaria verityi Allen &amp; Morgan, 1981</p> <p>Fig. 43D–G</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p><a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-11.961166&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.002" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -11.961166/lat 43.002)">GALICIA BANK</a> • 2 spm, 2 sh, 6 v; 43°00.12′ N, 11°57.67′ W; 1706 m; 29 Jul. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V2; MNCN • 3 v; 42°37.77′ N, 11°49.46′ W; 818 m; 30 Jul. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V3; MNCN • 1 v; 42°59.61′ N, 11°58.41′ W; 1671 m; 7 Aug. 2011; BANGAL 0711 V9; MNCN.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p>This species was misidentified as Protocuspidaria colpodes (Dautzenberg &amp; H. Fischer, 1897) in Salas (1996), in the preliminary INDEMARES BANGAL report (Gofas et al. 2014b) and in Gofas et al. (2017), on the grounds that could be an older name, but Krylova (1995) convincingly recognized these as separate species and the GB specimens would then go to P. verityi.</p> <p>Bathymetric distribution of the species</p> <p>There is a clearcut separation between mollusc communities on the shallower summit platform of GB and the deeper samples collected below the Mediterranean outflow (i.e., below 1200 m). This is highly supported when involving the beam-trawl catches only (Fig. 45B) by the Bray-Curtis similarity index and a R ANOSIM value of 0.7 (both on quantitative and on presence/absence data). The grouping of the deep samples is also retrieved when taking into account all samples (Fig. 45A), even though the sampled surfaces and the meshed are unequal between dredge, beam trawl and otter trawl. Table 3 shows the contribution of the species to the similarity between samples, calculated on the quantitative data for beam trawls only.</p> <p>Trophic groups</p> <p>Filter feeders, mostly the bivalves, account for more than half of the individuals collected (Fig. 46). Among these, Limopsis Sasso, 1827 represent roughly half of the specimens of the “filter feeders” group (but different species on the plateau and in the deeper samples), while the presence of the many ectoparasitic species (mostly, in the family Eulimidae) is testimonial from a quantitative point of view.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D63CF03CC32BFFBC8C37FE400B7DFA4A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gofas, Serge;Luque, Ángel A.;Oliver, Joan Daniel;Templado, José;Serrano, Alberto	Gofas, Serge, Luque, Ángel A., Oliver, Joan Daniel, Templado, José, Serrano, Alberto (2021): The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean). European Journal of Taxonomy 785 (1): 1-114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.785.1605
