taxonID	type	description	language	source
9C848621A46657E1B4BEE464EAF328BE.taxon	description	Decorated Mahogany Frog Figs 5, 6, 7 A-D, 9 C-D	en	Quah, Evan S. H., Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr., Perry L., Lim, Kelvin K. P., Imbun, Paul Y., Anuar, M. S. Shahrul (2021): An investigation into the taxonomy of Abavorana luctuosa (Peters, 1871) (Anura, Ranidae) and the resurrection of Rana decorata Mocquard, 1890 from Borneo. Vertebrate Zoology 71: 75-99, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e60921, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e60921
9C848621A46657E1B4BEE464EAF328BE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. In addition to its phylogenetic placement (Fig. 1), Rana decorata is reassigned as a member of the genus Abavorana based on the combination of having a robust, medium-sized body; no vocal sacs in males; length of 1 st finger greater than 2 nd finger; disc width to finger width ratios of finger 3 and toe 4 is 1 - 1.5; dorsolateral fold indistinct or absent; the colour of the dorsolateral line being white or yellow; the humeral gland in males is prominent, raised and centrally positioned on the ventral surface of the upper arm; a weak or absent rictal ridge; outer metatarsal tubercle weak or absent; skin of dorsum smooth or finely shagreened; throat, abdomen and flanks smooth; posterior section of venter and back of the thigh rugose; no pale colouration on the margins of the tympanum; flanks dark-brown or black below the dorsal fold grading into a pale venter (Inger 1966; Oliver et al. 2015; Quah et al. 2017). Dorsum reddish-orange to rust-brown, encircled by a white or cream coloured dorsolateral line that encircles the snout, canthus rostralis, outer edge of the upper eyelids, and dorsum along the dorsolateral fold to the vent; lower flanks dark-brown or black below the dorsolateral line grading into a paler venter; dorsal colouration of the limbs light-grey or brown with speckling and prominent dark-brown or black bands. Abavorana decorata can be differentiated from its congeners on the basis of its ventral colour pattern which is reticulated in black and white especially on the lower flanks, underside of the limbs (especially hind-limbs) are boldly banded in black and white, and a prominent white streak under the eye and / or tympanum to the corner of the jaw (Figs 5, 6, 9 C-D). Adult males with SVL 46.21 - 56.0 mm, adult females with SVL 29.66 - 58.42 mm; adult males with SW 9.91 - 10.71 mm, adult females with SW 6.25 - 11.68 mm; adult males with IOD 5.59 - 5.95 mm, adult females with IOD 3.91 - 6.78 mm; adult males with TD 4.54 - 4.60 mm, adult females with TD 2.27 - 5.63 mm; adult males with FL 25.58 - 26.10 mm, adult females with FL 17.19 - 31.34 mm (Table 5). Distribution (Fig. 10). Endemic to Borneo. The species is known from Sabah state, Malaysian Borneo: Mount Kinabalu, Kampung Kiau Taburi, Danum Valley, Tawau Hills Park, Maliau Basin, Tambunan and Penampang (CalPhotos ID: 0000 0000 0912 1159); Sarawak state, Malaysia Borneo: Kubah National Park (Fig. 7 C) and Bario (Fig. 6 A-B); and West Kalimantan, Indonesia: Melawi Regency (Fig. 7 D). The species is expected to be wider ranging on the island.	en	Quah, Evan S. H., Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr., Perry L., Lim, Kelvin K. P., Imbun, Paul Y., Anuar, M. S. Shahrul (2021): An investigation into the taxonomy of Abavorana luctuosa (Peters, 1871) (Anura, Ranidae) and the resurrection of Rana decorata Mocquard, 1890 from Borneo. Vertebrate Zoology 71: 75-99, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e60921, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e60921
F4AB9D33A3825C038F5C4566985CAF35.taxon	description	Common Mahogany Frog Figs 3, 4, 7 E-H, 8 A-F, 9 A-B	en	Quah, Evan S. H., Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr., Perry L., Lim, Kelvin K. P., Imbun, Paul Y., Anuar, M. S. Shahrul (2021): An investigation into the taxonomy of Abavorana luctuosa (Peters, 1871) (Anura, Ranidae) and the resurrection of Rana decorata Mocquard, 1890 from Borneo. Vertebrate Zoology 71: 75-99, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e60921, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e60921
F4AB9D33A3825C038F5C4566985CAF35.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body robust, medium-sized; head moderate; snout short, rounded, canthus rostralis smoothly rounded; interorbital space broader than the upper eyelid; tympanum distinct, not quite two-thirds the size of the eye with no pale colouration on the margins of the tympanum; no vocal sacs in males; vomerine teeth in two small oblique patches on a level with the posterior edge of the choanae; length of 1 st finger greater than 2 nd finger; disc width to finger width ratios of finger 3 and toe 4 is 1 - 1.5; dorsolateral fold indistinct or absent; the humeral gland in males is prominent, raised and centrally positioned on the ventral surface of the upper arm; a weak or absent rictal ridge; outer metatarsal tubercle weak or absent; subarticular tubercles moderate; skin of dorsum smooth or finely shagreened; throat, abdomen, and flanks smooth; posterior section of venter and back of the thigh rugose; dorsum reddish-orange to chocolate-brown, encircled by a white or cream coloured dorsolateral line that encircles the snout, canthus rostralis, outer edge of the upper eyelids, and dorsum along the dorsolateral fold to the vent; lower flanks dark-brown or black below the dorsolateral line grading into a paler venter; dorsal colouration of the limbs same as the flanks with whitish or light-grey speckles or stripes. Abavorana luctuosa can be easily differentiated from its congeners on the basis of its ventral colour pattern which is usually immaculate or with only very faint, sparse, light speckling (Figs 3, 4, 9 A-B). Adult males with SVL 35.05 - 44.27 mm, adult females with SVL 37.05 - 51.06 mm; adult males with SW 7.11 - 8.62 mm, adult females with SW 7.65 - 9.38 mm; adult males with IOD 3.25 - 5.14 mm, adult females with IOD 3.80 - 5.64 mm; adult males with TD 2.50 - 3.83 mm, adult females with TD 2.95 - 4.24 mm; adult males with FL 17.81 - 22.04 mm, adult females with FL 19.13 - 26.37 mm (Table 5).	en	Quah, Evan S. H., Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr., Perry L., Lim, Kelvin K. P., Imbun, Paul Y., Anuar, M. S. Shahrul (2021): An investigation into the taxonomy of Abavorana luctuosa (Peters, 1871) (Anura, Ranidae) and the resurrection of Rana decorata Mocquard, 1890 from Borneo. Vertebrate Zoology 71: 75-99, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e60921, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e60921
F4AB9D33A3825C038F5C4566985CAF35.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Its distribution spans southern Peninsular Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo, and Sumatra (Manthey & Grossmann 1997; Oliver et al. 2015; Quah et al. 2017). Within Borneo it is confirmed from Sabah state: Imbak Canyon and Sipitang; Sarawak state: Bukit Kana, Samarakan and Tubau in Bintulu Division and Kubah National Park where it is sympatric with Abavorana decorata (Fig. 10). The species is expected to range across Borneo.	en	Quah, Evan S. H., Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr., Perry L., Lim, Kelvin K. P., Imbun, Paul Y., Anuar, M. S. Shahrul (2021): An investigation into the taxonomy of Abavorana luctuosa (Peters, 1871) (Anura, Ranidae) and the resurrection of Rana decorata Mocquard, 1890 from Borneo. Vertebrate Zoology 71: 75-99, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e60921, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e60921
3AF536568CCF55129D1A09586C0F23D3.taxon	description	Gunung Jerai Black Stream-Frog Figs 8 G-H, 9 E-F	en	Quah, Evan S. H., Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr., Perry L., Lim, Kelvin K. P., Imbun, Paul Y., Anuar, M. S. Shahrul (2021): An investigation into the taxonomy of Abavorana luctuosa (Peters, 1871) (Anura, Ranidae) and the resurrection of Rana decorata Mocquard, 1890 from Borneo. Vertebrate Zoology 71: 75-99, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e60921, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e60921
3AF536568CCF55129D1A09586C0F23D3.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Abavorana nazgul can be differentiated from its congeners by the following combination of characters: adult males 41.51 - 44.1 mm SVL and single adult female 52.51 mm; adult males with SW 7.98 - 8.70 mm, single adult female SW 9.59 mm; adult males with IOD 3.94 - 4.48 mm, single adult female IOD 4.94 mm; adult males with TD 3.52 - 4.01 mm, single adult female TD 4.10 mm; adult males with FL 22.20 - 23.22 mm, single adult female FL 27.80 mm; nuptial pads absent in males; humeral glands in males small (2.4 - 2.98 mm) (Table 5); dorsolateral stripe continuous, orange to yellow in colour; dorsum between dorsolateral stripes black, with or without faint orange or yellow speckles; flanks black, colouration unstratified; distinct cream-colored spots on flanks, dorsal surfaces of limbs, and upper lip; venter grey-brown with prominent light spots on throat and belly, smaller spots on underside of thigh (Fig. 9 E-F; Quah et al. 2017).	en	Quah, Evan S. H., Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr., Perry L., Lim, Kelvin K. P., Imbun, Paul Y., Anuar, M. S. Shahrul (2021): An investigation into the taxonomy of Abavorana luctuosa (Peters, 1871) (Anura, Ranidae) and the resurrection of Rana decorata Mocquard, 1890 from Borneo. Vertebrate Zoology 71: 75-99, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e60921, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e60921
3AF536568CCF55129D1A09586C0F23D3.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Abavorana nazgul is thus far confirmed from the upper elevations of Gunung Jerai, Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia (Quah et al. 2017). Specimens resembling this species have been photographed at Thale Ban National Park, Satun Province in southern Thailand at approximately 500 - 600 m in elevation around wild boar wallows but are only tentatively identified as A. cf. nazgul pending positive evidence (Fig. 8 H).	en	Quah, Evan S. H., Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr., Perry L., Lim, Kelvin K. P., Imbun, Paul Y., Anuar, M. S. Shahrul (2021): An investigation into the taxonomy of Abavorana luctuosa (Peters, 1871) (Anura, Ranidae) and the resurrection of Rana decorata Mocquard, 1890 from Borneo. Vertebrate Zoology 71: 75-99, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e60921, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e60921
