identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03AE8512FFD6FFC858CBFDCF2421F973.text	03AE8512FFD6FFC858CBFDCF2421F973.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hanabira Lau & Stokvis & Imahara & Reimer 2019	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Genus  Hanabira ,  gen. nov.</p>
            <p>  Clavulariinae gen. Okinawa Churashima Foundation and  Biological Institute on Kuroshio , 2016  . </p>
            <p> Type species.  Hanabira yukibana ,  sp. nov. , by original designation and monotypy. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis. Colony with anthocodiae that retract into cylindrical to barrel-shaped calyces, which do not retract into the stolons. Tentacles with pinnules arranged adjacent to one another along either side of the tentacle rachis and are fused together (pseudopinnules). Sclerites of anthocodiae are platelets with a distinct median waist and small smooth rods, with the tentacles having only the platelet type. Sclerites of calyces are small spindles, which are larger than the anthocodial rods and are prickly and warty. Sclerites of stolon are a tubular network of fused sclerites. Zooxanthellate.</p>
            <p>Etymology. From the Japanese language ‘hanabira’ (AE"), meaning ‘petal’. After the flower petal-like shape of the polyp tentacles. Gender: feminine.</p>
            <p> Remarks. The main morphological differences with closest sister taxa, genera  Clavularia and  Knopia : the tentacle rachis of  Clavularia contains smooth to warty rods and long, narrow spindles (~1.0 mm), which are prickly or complexly warted, and sometimes branched. The calyces of genus  Clavularia contain similar spindles, but can be twice as long (Fabricius &amp; Alderslade, 2001). The anthocodiae of  Hanabira do not contain warty rods and large, prickly or warted spindles are completely lacking. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE8512FFD6FFC858CBFDCF2421F973	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Lau, Yee Wah;Stokvis, Frank R.;Imahara, Yukimitsu;Reimer, James D.	Lau, Yee Wah, Stokvis, Frank R., Imahara, Yukimitsu, Reimer, James D. (2019): The stoloniferous octocoral, Hanabira yukibana, gen. nov., sp. nov., of the southern Ryukyus has morphological and symbiont variation. Contributions to Zoology 88 (1): 54-77, DOI: 10.1163/18759866-20191355, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-20191355
03AE8512FFD6FFCA5AEFFC942538FED0.text	03AE8512FFD6FFCA5AEFFC942538FED0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hanabira yukibana Lau & Stokvis & Imahara & Reimer 2019	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hanabira yukibana ,  sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs. 2, 3</p>
            <p> Clavulariidae gen. sp. Imahara et al., 2017. </p>
            <p>
                 Material examined.   Holotype: NSMT-Co 1626,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 123.73829/lat 24.32701)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=123.73829&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.32701">Takosaki</a>
                 , Iriomote Island (24.327010, 123.738290), 11 m depth, coll. YWL, 25 July 2017. 
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            <p>
                  Paratypes from  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 123.73829/lat 24.32701)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=123.73829&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.32701">Takosaki</a>
                 , Taketomi Town, Iriomote Island (24.327010, 123.738290)  : Paratype 1: NSMT-Co 1625, 11 m depth, coll. YWL, 25 July 2017. Paratype 2: NSMT-Co 1627, 11 m depth, coll. YWL, 25 July 2017. Paratype 3: NSMT-Co 1628, 11 m depth, coll. YWL, 25 July 2017. Paratype 4: NSMT-Co 1629, 10 m depth, coll. YWL, 25 July 2017. Paratype 5: NSMT-Co 1630, 10 m depth, coll. YWL, 25 July 2017. Paratype 6: NSMT-Co 1631, 12.7 m depth, coll. S Kunihiro, 25 July 2017. Paratype 7: NSMT-Co 1632, 14 m depth, coll. YWL, 25 July 2017. Paratype 8: NSMT-Co 1633, 12 m depth, coll. YWL, 25 July 2017. Paratype 9: NSMT-Co 1634, 13 m depth, coll. YWL, 25 July 2017. Paratype 10:NSMT-Co 1635, 11 m depth, coll. YWL, 25 July 2017. Paratype 11: NSMT-Co 1636, 13 m depth, coll. YWL, 25 July 2017. 
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                  Paratype 12: NSMT-Co 1637, Iriomote N,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 123.8542/lat 24.407804)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=123.8542&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.407804">Taketomi Town</a>
                 , Iriomote Island (24.407805, 123.854199), 31 m depth, coll. YWL, 25 July 2017  . 
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                  Paratypes from Okinawa  Island :   Paratype 13:NS- MT-Co 1638,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 128.07951/lat 26.537756)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=128.07951&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.537756">Abu</a>
                 , Oura Bay, Nago City (26.537756, 128.079521), 14 m depth, coll.YWL, 04 Jun 2017  .   Paratype 14: NSMT-Co 1639,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 127.8466/lat 26.50466)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=127.8466&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.50466">Hoshu</a>
                 , Manza, Onna Village (26.504659, 127.846604), 13 m depth, coll. YWL, 24 Jun 2017  .   Paratype 15: NSMT-Co 1640,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 127.8466/lat 26.50466)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=127.8466&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.50466">Hoshu</a>
                 , Manza, Onna Village (26.504659, 127.846604), 14 m depth, coll. YWL, 24 Jun 2017  .   Paratype 16: NSMT-Co 1641, Zanpa, Cape Zanpa,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 127.71142/lat 26.441517)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=127.71142&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.441517">Yomitan Village</a>
                 (26.441517, 127.711417), 21 m depth, coll. YWL, 24 Jun 2017  .   Paratype 17: NSMT-Co 1642, Hedo Dome, Cape Hedo,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 128.25044/lat 26.85209)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=128.25044&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.85209">Kunigami Village</a>
                 (26.852091, 128.250450), 34 m depth, coll. YWL, 11 Jul 2017  .   Paratype 18: NSMT-Co 1643,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 127.84191/lat 26.502956)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=127.84191&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.502956">Manza Beach</a>
                 , Manza, Onna Village (26.502957, 127.841909), 17 m depth, coll. YWL, 16 Jul 2017  .   Paratype 19: NSMT-Co 1644,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 127.84191/lat 26.502956)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=127.84191&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.502956">Manza Beach</a>
                 , Manza, Onna Village (26.502957, 127.841909), 17 m depth, coll. YWL, 16 Jul 2017  .   Paratype 20: NSMT-Co 1645,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 127.84375/lat 26.504522)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=127.84375&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.504522">Manza Rock</a>
                 , Manza, Onna Village (26.504522, 127.843748), 16 m depth, coll. YWL, 12 Sep 2017  .   Paratype 21: NSMT-Co 1646,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 127.84375/lat 26.504522)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=127.84375&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.504522">Manza Rock</a>
                 , Manza, Onna Village (26.504522, 127.843748), 11 m depth, coll. YWL, 12 Sep 2017  .   Paratype 22: NSMT-Co 1647,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 127.8466/lat 26.50466)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=127.8466&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.50466">Hoshu</a>
                 , Manza, Onna Village (26.504659, 127.846604), 33 m depth, coll. JDR, 13 Nov 2017  .   Paratype 23: NSMT-Co 1648,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 127.881454/lat 26.508734)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=127.881454&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.508734">Crossline</a>
                 , Seragaki, Onna Village (26.508734, 127.881453), 32 m depth, coll. JDR, 14 Nov 2017  .   Paratype 24: NSMT-  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 127.854004/lat 26.509832)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=127.854004&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.509832">Co</a>
                 1649,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 127.854004/lat 26.509832)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=127.854004&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.509832">Mini Dream Hole</a>
                 , Manza, Onna Village (26.509833, 127.854006), 29 m depth, coll. JDR, 14 Nov 2017  .   Paratype 25: NSMT-Co 1650,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 127.82528/lat 26.262777)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=127.82528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.262777">Nakagusuku Bay</a>
                 , Nakagusuku Town (26.2627778, 127.825278), 17 m depth, coll. Y Kushida, 04 Aug 2018  .   Paratype 26: NSMT-Co 1651, Oura SW, near Cape Henoko, Futami,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 128.04744/lat 26.529373)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=128.04744&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.529373">Oura Bay</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 128.04744/lat 26.529373)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=128.04744&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.529373">Nago City</a>
                 (26.529373, 128.047446), ca. 10m depth, coll. M Obuchi &amp; T Fujii, 4 Mar 2011  .   Paratype 27: NSMT-Co 1652,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 127.87922/lat 26.67939)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=127.87922&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.67939">Motobu</a>
                 , off Yamakawa, Motobu Town (26.679389, 127.879222), 15 m depth, coll. Y Imahara, 27 Oct 2011  .   Paratype 28: NSMT-Co 1653,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 127.87922/lat 26.67939)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=127.87922&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.67939">Motobu</a>
                 , off Yamakawa, Motobu Town (26.679389, 127.879222), 15 m depth, coll. Y Imahara, 27 Oct 2011  . 
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            <p>Description. The holotype colony is attached to a sponge, which was fragmented into three pieces during sampling, although, this species is not always an epibiont and can be attached to other hard substrates. Small groups of polyps are attached by stolons to the sponge tissue (total ~10 polyps). Polyps are approximately 2–3 mm in diameter expanded and are spaced apart irregularly (from ~ 0.5 mm up to ~ 2 cm) and connected through flat and ribbon-like stolons that are 1 mm at the widest and 0.2 mm at the narrowest point. Anthocodiae can retract fully into cylindrical to barrel-shaped calyces, which are 1.5–2.5 mm in height and up to 1 mm in width; calyces do not retract into the stolon. Tentacles have pseudopinnules arranged adjacent to one another along either side of the tentacle rachis (~18 pseudo-pairs); when stained with methylene blue, the outline of the tentacles can be observed. A structure that seems to be the pinnule axis can be seen, although notches, which can distinguish the adjacent pinnules, are not observed in the contour of the tentacle (fig. 2e). In life the tentacles are elliptical to petal-shaped and the polyps have a pale, green-gold and white sheen. This could be caused by refraction on the minute sclerites, as described in Alderslade &amp; McFadden (2007) (fig. 2a). Sclerites of anthocodiae are platelets with a distinct median waist (0.01–0.02 mm) and small smooth rods (0.1– 0.2 mm), with the tentacles only having the type of platelets as seen in the anthocodiae (fig. 3b, c). Sclerites of calyces are rods, which are larger than the anthocodial rods, that are prickly and warty (0.2–0.3 mm) (fig. 3a). Sclerites of the stolon are a tubular network of fused sclerites (fig. 3d, e). The polyps are zooxanthellate.</p>
            <p> Morphological variation. Polyp density in  H. yukibana is variable, as is also the broadness of the stolons (0.1–1.1 mm). Tentacles are not all elliptical in life; some specimens have a more pointed shape at the distal part of the tentacle. The number of pseudopinnules ‘paired’ alongside the tentacle rachis varies within a range of 15–31 ‘pairs’. The colour of the polyps is also very variable; in exception of paratypes 15, 16 and 25, all specimens have a clear recognisable sheen. The sheen is thought to be caused by refraction from the platelet sclerites in the tentacles (Alderslade &amp; McFadden, 2007); usually green-gold and/or white. Paratypes 15, 16 and 25 do not lack the minute platelet sclerites but instead have a lower platelet density in the tentacles and only have this typical sheen (white) at the far distal part of their tentacles. Live specimens were overall brown in colour. </p>
            <p>Etymology. From the Japanese language ‘yukibana’ (ḜAE), meaning ‘snow flower’; denoting the resemblance of the sheen of the polyps (including tentacles) to the shimmer of snowflakes or snow crystals.</p>
            <p>Habitat. Colonies encrust hard substrates with their stolons. Common substrates are rock, sponges, coral rubble and shells.</p>
            <p>Distribution. Southwestern Japan, southern Ryukyu Islands, around Okinawa Island and the north and west coasts of Iriomote Island in the East China Sea. Specimens were collected from depths of 10– 35 m.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE8512FFD6FFCA5AEFFC942538FED0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Lau, Yee Wah;Stokvis, Frank R.;Imahara, Yukimitsu;Reimer, James D.	Lau, Yee Wah, Stokvis, Frank R., Imahara, Yukimitsu, Reimer, James D. (2019): The stoloniferous octocoral, Hanabira yukibana, gen. nov., sp. nov., of the southern Ryukyus has morphological and symbiont variation. Contributions to Zoology 88 (1): 54-77, DOI: 10.1163/18759866-20191355, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-20191355
