identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
9F520897B456592CA44B287F19839409.text	9F520897B456592CA44B287F19839409.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mionandra argentea Griseb. (Grisebach 1874	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Mionandra argentea Griseb. (Grisebach 1874: 101)</p>
            <p>Fig. 3</p>
            <p> Cryptolappa argentea (Griseb.) Kuntze (Kuntze 1898: 27) - Type: same as for  Mionandra argentea . </p>
            <p> Aspicarpa argentea (Griseb.) Nied. (Niedenzu 1912: 58), nom. illeg. - Type: same as for  Mionandra argentea . </p>
            <p> Cordobia argentea (Griseb.) Nied. (Niedenzu 1913: 41) - Type: same as for  Mionandra argentea . </p>
            <p> Gaudichaudia argentea (Griseb.) Chodat (Chodat and Vischer 1917: 204) - Type: same as for  Mionandra argentea . </p>
            <p> Janusia argentea Griseb., nom. not validly publ. </p>
            <p> Peixotoa cordobensis Kuntze (Kuntze 1898: 28) - Type: ARGENTINA -  Córdoba • 1891; fl., fr.; Kuntze s.n.; holotype: NY; isotypes: F, NY. </p>
            <p>Type.</p>
            <p>  ARGENTINA -  Córdoba • in fruticetis  
Sierra de 
Cordoba , prope La Higuera; 1872; fl.; Lorentz s.n.; holotype: GOET; isotypes: CORD [CORD00005912], K [K000427020]  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9F520897B456592CA44B287F19839409	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	de Almeida, Rafael F.;de Morais, Isa L.;Pellegrini, Marco O. O.;van den Berg, Cassio	de Almeida, Rafael F., de Morais, Isa L., Pellegrini, Marco O. O., van den Berg, Cassio (2023): Molecular phylogeny and character-mapping support the synonymy of Cordobia and Gallardoa in Mionandra (Malpighiaceae). Plant Ecology and Evolution 156 (3): 352-364, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.101657, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.101657
B61C03CAB02A549F9520D640E1C9860E.text	B61C03CAB02A549F9520D640E1C9860E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mionandra camareoides Griseb. (Grisebach 1874	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Mionandra camareoides Griseb. (Grisebach 1874: 102)</p>
            <p>Fig. 4</p>
            <p> Mionandra camareoides Griseb. (Grisebach 1874: 102)  Mionandra camareoides var. camareoides - Type: same as for  Mionandra camareoides . </p>
            <p> Brittonella pilosa Rusby (Rusby 1893: 430) - Type: BOLIVIA - Cochabamba •  Córdoba , vic. Cochabamba; 1891; fl., fr.; Bang 935; lectotype (designated here): NY [NY00055190]; isolectotypes: GH [GH00045035], MICH [MICH1102068], MO [MO-3222744], PH [PH00008594], US [US00108637, US00603963]. </p>
            <p> Mionandra camareoides f. prostrata Nied. (Niedenzu 1928: 232) - Type: ARGENTINA -  Córdoba • prop.  Córdoba ; 20 Apr. 1902; fl.; Stuckert 11404; holotype: G [G00352816]. </p>
            <p> Mionandra prostrata Stuck. ex Nied. (Niedenzu 1928: 232), pro. syn. - Type: same as for  Mionandra camareoides f. prostrata . </p>
            <p>Type.</p>
            <p>  ARGENTINA -  Córdoba • en el campo acerca de  Córdoba ; Dec. 1870; fl.; Lorentz 407b; lectotype (designated here): GOET [GOET007649]; isolectotype: CORD [CORD00005913]  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B61C03CAB02A549F9520D640E1C9860E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	de Almeida, Rafael F.;de Morais, Isa L.;Pellegrini, Marco O. O.;van den Berg, Cassio	de Almeida, Rafael F., de Morais, Isa L., Pellegrini, Marco O. O., van den Berg, Cassio (2023): Molecular phylogeny and character-mapping support the synonymy of Cordobia and Gallardoa in Mionandra (Malpighiaceae). Plant Ecology and Evolution 156 (3): 352-364, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.101657, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.101657
C167E7F74401530A9DF9B2D7BC6AE2B1.text	C167E7F74401530A9DF9B2D7BC6AE2B1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mionandra fischeri (de Almeida & de Morais & Pellegrini & van den Berg 2023) R. F. Almeida 2023	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Mionandra fischeri (Hicken) R.F.Almeida comb. nov.</p>
            <p>Fig. 5</p>
            <p> Gallardoa fischeri Hicken, Physis: Revista de la Sociedad Argentina de Ciencias Naturales, Buenos Aires 2: 101. 1916. (Hicken 1916) </p>
            <p> Cordobia fischeri (Hicken) Nied. (Niedenzu 1928: 532) </p>
            <p>Type.</p>
            <p>  ARGENTINA - Rio Negro • vicinity of  General Roca ; Dec. 1913; fl. fr.; Fischer 10; lectotype (designated here): SI [SI002629]; isolectotypes: BKL [BKL00000970], CM [CM1185], GH [GH00872231, GH00872232], K [K000427018, K000427019], SI [SI002630, SI002631, SI002632, SI002633, SI002634]  , US [US 00108538, US 00108539]. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C167E7F74401530A9DF9B2D7BC6AE2B1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	de Almeida, Rafael F.;de Morais, Isa L.;Pellegrini, Marco O. O.;van den Berg, Cassio	de Almeida, Rafael F., de Morais, Isa L., Pellegrini, Marco O. O., van den Berg, Cassio (2023): Molecular phylogeny and character-mapping support the synonymy of Cordobia and Gallardoa in Mionandra (Malpighiaceae). Plant Ecology and Evolution 156 (3): 352-364, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.101657, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.101657
02A43FE7DD1B5FE1BDB5AE8D5610D4D1.text	02A43FE7DD1B5FE1BDB5AE8D5610D4D1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mionandra Griseb. (Grisebach 1874	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Mionandra Griseb. (Grisebach 1874: 101)</p>
            <p>Figs 2, 3, 4, 5</p>
            <p> Brittonella Rusby (Rusby 1893: 429) - Type species:  Brittonella pilosa Rusby [=  M. camareoides Griseb.] </p>
            <p> Cordobia Nied. (Niedenzu 1912: 41), syn. nov. - Type species:  Cordobia argentea (Griseb.) Nied. [=  M. argentea Griseb.] </p>
            <p> Gallardoa Hicken (Hicken 1916: 102), syn. nov. - Type species:  Gallardoa fischeri Hicken [=  M. fischeri (Hicken) R.F.Almeida] </p>
            <p>Type species.</p>
            <p> Mionandra camareoides Griseb. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p> Distinguished from  Peixotoa by its stipules connate at the base or up to the middle (i.e. bifid), leaves short-petiolate, hirsute-sericeous; umbels 1-flowered, peduncles absent; sepals free, chartaceous, completely revolute or involute along margins; petals narrowly elliptic, margin glandular-fimbriate; fertile stamens 5, staminodes 3-5, antherodes filiform, minute; style apex truncate to slightly expanded; mericarps with wings reduced, rarely dorsal wing well-developed (Table 1). </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Erect or scandent to prostrate subshrubs; xylopodium present; indumentum throughout the plant ranging from sericeous to glabrescent; stipules expanded, connate at base or up to the middle (i.e. bifid), triangular, interpetiolar, persistent or deciduous. Leaves opposite, never reduced in the inflorescences; petioles cylindric, short-petiolate (up to 2 mm long), eglandular; blade narrowly elliptic, elliptic, lanceolate to ovate, base cuneate to obtuse, margin entire, apex acute to acuminate, abaxially 0-2-glandular near the base. Umbels solitary, terminal; cincinni 1-flowered; bracts absent; peduncles absent; bracteoles absent. Flowers bisexual, zygomorphic, chasmogamous; pedicels short to elongate; sepals concealing petals during enlargement of bud, completely revolute or involute along margins at anthesis, lateral sepals abaxially 2-glandular, the anterior usually eglandular; petals clawed, yellow, sometimes turning orange at age, both sides glabrous, limb narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate or obovate to widely obovate, base cuneate, margin glandular-fimbriate, apex round, claw plane, posterior petal erect, glandular along margins, lateral petals patent to erect. Androecium 8-10, fertile stamens 5, staminodes 3-5; filaments connate at base, straight, rarely curved, stamen filaments longer than staminode filaments, glabrous or pubescent; connective minute, inconspicuous; fertile anthers monomorphic or dimorphic, erect at apex, glabrous; antherodes absent to present, filiform, reduced to a glandular tissue, glabrous. Gynoecium with carpels connate their whole length in flower, separating during fruit development, styles thick, cylindric, erect, equal, divergent, apex of styles truncate to slightly expanded, stigma terminal to lateral, crateriform or discoid. Schizocarp breaking apart into 3 winged mericarps, separating from a short torus; mericarps with dorsal wing reduced, sometimes well-developed; lateral wings always reduced, free or fused; wings coriaceous, margin sinuate; nut ridged near areole; areole ovate to elliptic. Seeds smooth or rugose; embryos ovoid, cotyledons bent, equal or unequal.</p>
            <p>Distribution, habitat, and ecology.</p>
            <p> Mionandra s.l. comprises four species confined to dry forests (Chaco), savannas, and temperate steppes (Patagonian steppes) from Argentina, southern Bolivia, and western Paraguay in South America (Fig. 2). </p>
            <p>Notes.</p>
            <p> A comprehensive treatment for the genera comprising  Mionandra s.l. (including  Cordobia and  Gallardoa ) and three of their four species are presented by Aliscioni and Torretta (2017) within the Flora of Argentina project, with  M. paraguariensis (which does not occur in Argentina) not included in the treatment. Thus, we provide an updated key to all species of  Mionandra s.l., plus comments on the recognition of  M. paraguariensis . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/02A43FE7DD1B5FE1BDB5AE8D5610D4D1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	de Almeida, Rafael F.;de Morais, Isa L.;Pellegrini, Marco O. O.;van den Berg, Cassio	de Almeida, Rafael F., de Morais, Isa L., Pellegrini, Marco O. O., van den Berg, Cassio (2023): Molecular phylogeny and character-mapping support the synonymy of Cordobia and Gallardoa in Mionandra (Malpighiaceae). Plant Ecology and Evolution 156 (3): 352-364, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.101657, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.101657
E060AD13FAC7531A9A40A2B8CE37B1AD.text	E060AD13FAC7531A9A40A2B8CE37B1AD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mionandra paraguariensis Chodat (Chodat and Vischer 1917: 165) 1917	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Mionandra paraguariensis Chodat (Chodat and Vischer 1917: 165)</p>
            <p> Mionandra camareoides var. paraguariensis (Chodat) Nied. (Niedenzu 1928: 232) </p>
            <p>Type.</p>
            <p>  PARAGUAY - Cordillera • between the municipalities of  Caacupé and Tobati; s.d.; Chodat &amp; Vischer 238; holotype: G [G 208718]  . </p>
            <p>Notes.</p>
            <p> After revisiting the original description of Chodat and Vischer (1917) and analysing the type specimen, we disagree with  Niedenzu’s (1928) treatment of  M. paraguariensis as a variety of  M. camareoides . Aside from the difference in leaf indumentum,  M. paraguariensis differs from  M. camareoides due to its larger flowers, differently shaped petals, stamens with pubescent filaments, and 5 staminodes the same length as the filaments. Thus, we unambiguously recognise it as a distinct species. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E060AD13FAC7531A9A40A2B8CE37B1AD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	de Almeida, Rafael F.;de Morais, Isa L.;Pellegrini, Marco O. O.;van den Berg, Cassio	de Almeida, Rafael F., de Morais, Isa L., Pellegrini, Marco O. O., van den Berg, Cassio (2023): Molecular phylogeny and character-mapping support the synonymy of Cordobia and Gallardoa in Mionandra (Malpighiaceae). Plant Ecology and Evolution 156 (3): 352-364, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.101657, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.101657
A6EC640E34F851389AD9881B8C0E62D4.text	A6EC640E34F851389AD9881B8C0E62D4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mionandra Peixotoid clade	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Mionandra Peixotoid clade</p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>Distinguished from the remaining genera of the Stigmaphylloid clade by its stipules connate, cincinni sessile and 1-flowered, and sepals completely distally revolute or involute along margins.</p>
            <p>Notes.</p>
            <p> The Peixotoid clade currently comprises two monophyletic and morphologically well-circumscribed genera divided into a total of 32 species.  Peixotoa is the largest genus of the two, currently with 29 species (Anderson 1982, 2001), with  Mionandra comprising only four species (this study). As aforementioned, both genera share some peculiar morphological characters but can be easily differentiated based on both vegetative and reproductive characters (see Table 1 and the key). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A6EC640E34F851389AD9881B8C0E62D4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	de Almeida, Rafael F.;de Morais, Isa L.;Pellegrini, Marco O. O.;van den Berg, Cassio	de Almeida, Rafael F., de Morais, Isa L., Pellegrini, Marco O. O., van den Berg, Cassio (2023): Molecular phylogeny and character-mapping support the synonymy of Cordobia and Gallardoa in Mionandra (Malpighiaceae). Plant Ecology and Evolution 156 (3): 352-364, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.101657, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.101657
46DBCBA643E55BCD8BD1201DAAE4B911.text	46DBCBA643E55BCD8BD1201DAAE4B911.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Peixotoa A. Juss. (Jussieu 1833	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Peixotoa A.Juss. (Jussieu 1833: 59)</p>
            <p>Figs 2, 6</p>
            <p>Type species.</p>
            <p> Peixotoa glabra A.Juss. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p> Distinguished from  Mionandra s.l. by its stipules completely connate, leaves long-petiolate, never hirsute-sericeous; umbels 4-flowered; sepals connate at base, coriaceous, revolute only at apex; petals orbicular, margin dentate; fertile stamens 5, staminodes 5, antherodes globose, conspicuous; style apex capitate; mericarps with wings well-developed, dorsal wing dominant. </p>
            <p>Distribution, habitat, and ecology.</p>
            <p> Peixotoa comprises 29 species occurring in dry forests, rainforests, and savannas in Brazil, eastern Bolivia, and eastern Paraguay in South America (Fig. 2). </p>
            <p>Notes.</p>
            <p> Peixotoa has a contemporary taxonomic revision available for 28 of its species (Anderson 1982) and the taxonomic treatment for a new species endemic to Paraguay (Anderson 2001). Nonetheless, misguided morphological interpretations drawn by this author from the inflorescence architecture have made the identification keys provided in these studies challenging to use by the general public and even for  Malpighiaceae specialists (pers. obs.). Since C. Anderson published more than two-thirds of the species diversity of  Peixotoa , only species with conspicuous morphological traits (e.g. glabrous leaves -  Peixotoa glabra A.Juss.) or specific geographical distributions (e.g.  Peixotoa catarinensis C.E.Anderson and  P. hispidula A.Juss.) are correctly identified in Brazilian herbaria (pers. obs.). For a preliminary revisionary study of  Peixotoa in Brazil, see Almeida et al. (2020). A revised monograph for this genus is urgently needed to enable the correct application of names in  Peixotoa (pers. obs.). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/46DBCBA643E55BCD8BD1201DAAE4B911	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	de Almeida, Rafael F.;de Morais, Isa L.;Pellegrini, Marco O. O.;van den Berg, Cassio	de Almeida, Rafael F., de Morais, Isa L., Pellegrini, Marco O. O., van den Berg, Cassio (2023): Molecular phylogeny and character-mapping support the synonymy of Cordobia and Gallardoa in Mionandra (Malpighiaceae). Plant Ecology and Evolution 156 (3): 352-364, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.101657, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.101657
