identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03FE87E2FF9AFFC5B2E5FCCAFA7CBCD9.text	03FE87E2FF9AFFC5B2E5FCCAFA7CBCD9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laminiceps Costa 1863	<div><p>Redescription of Laminiceps Costa, 1863</p> <p>Body shape. Body robust, medium to large, nearly oval, never parallel-sided. Head. Subquadrate; tylus extending beyond antenniferous tubercles by half length; juga visible from above, not extending past antenniferous tubercles, not expanded laterally; eyes large and hemispheric; postocular tubercle not protuberant, nearly with contour of eye, indistinct; ocellar tubercles large, raised; interocellar distance longer than distance between ocelli and eye; antenniferous tubercles unarmed; antennal segments I and II subequal, III the shortest, IV the longest, little longer than II and III together; segments I and II robust, stout or I relatively robust and II slender; segment III robust, weakly clavate or uniformly elongate, slender; segment IV fusiform; buccula roundly, truncate, reaching mideye; rostrum reaching posterior margin of mesosoternum or just anterior border of metasternum; rostral segment II the longest, IV the shortest and I and III subequal; rostral segment I not extending past head. Thorax. Pronotum. Trapeziform; collar distinct; callar region flattened, eventually slightly raised; anterior border slightly concave; anterior angles truncated, not expanded; anterolateral margins not emarginate; anterolateral and posterolateral margins smooth or crenulate; posterior margins straight, smooth; humeri not expanded; humeral angles obtuse, rounded or slightly subacute with or without short obtuse spiny projection; Scutellum. Triangular, flattened, wider that long or equilateral; apex subacute. Hemelytra. Macropterous, reaching the apex of last abdominal segment; eventually beyond them. Thoracic pleura. Metathoracic peritreme with two auricles, the anterior reniform the posterior acute; males with large supracoxal spines on metapleuron; females unarmed. Thoracic sternum. Pro-, meso-, and metasternum not sulcate. Legs. All femora ventrally armed with one row of spines; dorsally without tubercles or spines; hind femora incrassate in males, not in females; hind tibiae not expanded; inner face of tibiae strongly spined in males. Abdomen. Body widest through abdominal sterna IV–V, and varying from relatively narrow to much wider than folded hemelytra; connexival segments III–VII not spined posteroapically; abdominal spiracle IV–VII closer to base of each segment than to apex, farther from lateral edge. Male. Genital capsule. Posteroventral border almost straight to slightly convex, with lateral angles exposed (Figs. 80–88). Paramere. Elongate, relatively slender, apically short, with stout hook, directed outward (Figs: 89–104). Female genitalia. Abdominal sternite VII with plica and fissure; plica transversally rectangular, narrow, just reaching anterior margin of sternite VII; valvulae VIII broad, enlarged dorsoventrally; laterotergite VIII short, triangular, with spiracle visible; laterotergite IX squarish, larger than laterotergite VIII. Integument. Head, pronotum, scutellum, clavus and corium with minute erect and decumbent silvey hairs; antennal segments I–III densely pubescent with decumbent hair-like setae; IV with tiny decumbent hairs; pro-, meso- and metasternum with short erect hair-like setae; pro-, meso- and metapleuron glabrous; abdominal sterna almost glabrous with short hair-like setae along middle third. Head impunctate; pronotum, clavus and corium densely punctate, each puncture small; scutellum striate with few punctures.</p> <p>Discussion. Differential diagnosis. The genus Laminiceps Costa, 1863, is characterized by a body robust, nearly oval, never parallel-sided; hind tibiae cylindrical not expanded; rostrum never extending to abdomen with segment II the longest, IV the shortest, and I subequal to III; scutellum wider than long; humeral angles obtuse, rounded or slightly subacute with or whitout short obtuse spiny projection; and metathoracic peritreme with two auricles. The related genus Salapia Stål, 1865 is similar to Laminiceps except for the elongate body; the scutellum, longer than wide, humeri expanded, and humeral angles subacute (Brailovsky and Barrera, 2023).</p> <p>Key to the known species of Laminiceps</p> <p>1. Antennal segment IV bicolorous, yellow with apical third or apical half black; pronotal disk with the anterolateral margins usually crenulate in males.............................................................................. 2. Antennal segment IV entirely black; pronotal disk with the anterolateral margins usually smooth in males............... 8 <p>2. Pro-, meso- and metapleuron yellowish white (Figs. 37, 76, 85, 97–98)................. L. ledezmae Brailovsky &amp; Barrera. Pro-, meso- and metapleuron black or chestnut brown or reddish brown, with or without shiny red or reddish orange spot at acetabulae........................................................................................... 3</p> <p>3. Abdominal sterna III – VII, pleural abdominal margins III – VII and female genital plates pale yellowish orange; acetabulae without shiny red or reddish orange spot; posterolateral margins of pronotal disk and humeri black (Figs. 35, 74)................................................................................. L. peruviensis Brailovsky &amp; Barrera</p> <p>. Abdominal sterna III – VII black to reddish brown; female genital plates black to reddish brown with laterotergites VIII –IX reddish orange; pleural abdominal margins III – VII reddish orange or bicolorous; humeri and posterolateral margins of pronotal disk reddish orange.................................................................................... 4</p> <p>4. Acetabulae without shiny red to reddish orange spot; antennal segment II stout, III stout, nearly clavate (Figs. 38, 70)........................................................................................... L. curiosus sp. nov.</p> <p>. Acetabulae with shiny red to reddish orange spot; antennal segments II– III robust or slender.......................... 5</p> <p>5. Femora bicolorous black to dark castaneous brown with apical third yellow; antennal segments II– III relatively robust; connexival segments III – VI black with upper margin shiny red (Figs. 36, 75)............. L. incultus Brailovsky &amp; Barrera</p> <p>. Femora entirely black; antennal segments II– III slender, elongate; connexival segments III – VI with another color combination......................................................................................... 6</p> <p>6 Connexival segments III – VII and pleural abdominal margins III – VII shiny reddish orange; humeral angles expanded, apically acute with the spine directed backward; pronotal disk with complete shiny red longitudinal stripe, running across the middle from callus to posterior border; antennal segments II– III elongate, slender (Figs. 39, 77).............. L. genuinus sp. nov.</p> <p>. Connexival segments III – VII and pleural abdominal margins III – VII bicolorous, black with posterior third yellow; humeral angles obtuse or slightly exposed......................................................................... 7</p> <p>7. Apex of scutellum shiny red; pronotal disk with an incomplete shiny red longitudinal stripe running across middle third; dorsal abdominal segments black; humeral angles obtuse and rounded; anterolateral margins of pronotal disk weakly crenulate; pubescence of pronotal disk dense and minute; antennal segments II– III elongate, slender (Figs. 33–34, 72–73)........................................................................................... L. megaera (Burmeister)</p> <p>. Apex of scutellum black; pronotal disk without shiny red longitudinal stripe; dorsal abdominal segments black and laterally shiny reddish orange; humeral angles exposed; anterolateral margins of pronotal disk densely crenulate; pubescence of pronotal disk dense, with erect and stout silvery hairs; antennal segments II– III stout, robust (Figs. 32, 71)................................................................................................. L. bicolor Brailovsky &amp; Barrera</p> <p>8. Yellowish transverse fascia on corium always present, complete and straight...................................... 9</p> <p>. Yellowish transverse fascia on corium irregular (zig–zag) or fascia absent....................................... 17</p> <p>9. Scutellum entirely yellowish orange (Figs. 1–2, 40–41)...................................... L. sumptuosus Distant</p> <p>. Scutellum mostly black, with or without bluish green reflections and never entirely yellowish orange.................. 10</p> <p>10. Scutellum yellowish orange with two broad, black longitudinal stripes running at each side of midline................. 11</p> <p>. Scutellum entirely black or with narrow yellowish orange longitudinal stripe across midline......................... 12</p> <p>11. Connexival segments III – VII and pleural abdominal margins III – VII black with anterior border yellow (Figs. 4, 78)................................................................................. L. conjunctus Brailovsky (in part)</p> <p>. Connexival segments III – VII and pleural abdominal margins III – VII entirely yellowish orange (Figs. 3, 42)... L. ducalis (Stål)</p> <p>12. Scutellum black with narrow, yellowish orange, longitudinal stripe across midline................................. 13</p> <p>. Scutellum entirely black............................................................................... 15</p> <p>13. Posterolateral margins and posterior margin of pronotal disk black; propleuron entirely yellow; meso- and metapleuron yellow, each with reddish brown spot close to posterior margin (Figs. 12, 69, 86, 99–100)..................... L. navus sp. nov.</p> <p>. Posterolateral margins and posterior margin of pronotal disk yellow; pro-, meso- and metapleuron yellow with brown reddish brown quadrate spot.................................................................................. 14</p> <p>14. Clavus black with anterior angle and border of claval commissure yellow; corium mostly black, with wide yellow transverse fascia; connexival segments III – VII and pleural abdominal margins III – VII yellow; rim of abdominal spiracle yellow (Figs. 5, 43, 83, 93–94)........................................................................... L. festivus Distant</p> <p>. Clavus pale yellowish orange with black elongate spot close to posterior third; corium mostly pale yellowish orange; connexival segments III – VII and pleural abdominal margins III – VII black with anterior border yellow; rim of abdominal spiracle dark brown (Figs. 4, 78).......................................................... L. conjunctus Brailovsky (in part) 15. Trochanters black to reddish brown; meso- and metapleuron entirely yellowish orange (Figs. 10, 50).... L. proximus Breddin <p>. Trochanters yellow; meso- and metapleuron yellow to yellowish orange with wide black to reddish brown spot.......... 16</p></p> <p>16. Posterolateral margins and posterior margin of pronotal disk yellow to yellowish orange; propleuron yellow with small black discoidal spot at acetabulae; connexival segments III – VII yellow to yellowish orange (Figs. 9, 49).... L. herrerai Brailovsky</p> <p>. Posterolateral margins and posterior margin of pronotal disk black; propleuron entirely yellow; connexival segments III –IV yellow to yellowish orange and V – VII black (Figs. 6–7, 46–48, 80–81, 89–90)..................... L. fasciatus (Dallas)</p> <p>17. Yellowish transverse fascia on corium irregular (zig–zag) (Figs. 13, 53)............................. L. lentus sp. nov.</p> <p>- Yellowish transverse fascia on corium absent.............................................................. 18</p> <p>18. Scutellum pale reddish orange or yellow with tip, or basal angles or broad elongate spot running lateral to midline black.. 19</p> <p>. Scutellum black with or without bluish green reflections and tip black or yellow.................................. 22</p> <p>19. Scutellum entirely pale reddish orange; pronotal disk and thorax pale reddish orange (Figs. 8, 79)............................................................................................... L. vergarae Brailovsky &amp; Barrera</p> <p>. Scutellum mostly yellow; pronotal disk and thorax black with or without yellow or pale orange marks................. 20</p> <p>20. Middle third of pronotal disk with broad, complete, arcuate, pale yellowish transverse fascia; collar and callar area black; apical margin of corium black; scutellum yellow, tip black; clavus yellow with posterior third black; abdominal sterna III – VII black (Figs. 21, 52)......................................................................... L. infrequens sp. nov.</p> <p>. Middle third of pronotal disk without pale yellow arcuate, transverse fascia; apical margin of corium pale yellow or black with large orange discoidal spot close to middle third; scutellum yellow, basal angles black or yellow, with broad elongate black marks running laterally until middle third; clavus black with basal angle yellow to orange........................... 21</p> <p>21. Scutellum yellow with basal angles black; apical margin of corium black with large orange discoidal spot close to middle third; abdominal sterna III – VII black, midline symmetrically with yellow transverse paired of spots at each side and near to posterior border of each sternite; pleural abdominal margins bicolorous, yellowish orange with anterior third black; pronotal disk with T-shaped yellowish orange mark near to midline; collar orange; callar region black; femora black with apical third yellow, tip black; gonocoxae I black; laterotergites VIII –IX yellowish orange (Figs. 22, 54).................... L. factiosus sp. nov.</p> <p>. Scutellum yellow with broad, longitudinal, elongate black mark running laterally, until middle third; apical margin of corium yellow without orange discoidal spot; abdominal sternite III – VII yellowish orange with rim of abdominal spiracles reddish brown; pleural abdominal margins yellowish orange; collar and callar region yellow; femora black; genital plates yellowish orange (Figs. 11, 51).................................................................... L. fundatus sp. nov.</p> <p>22. Callar region yellow.................................................................................. 23</p> <p>. Callar region black or dark brown or brownish castaneous with or without bluish green reflections.................... 28</p> <p>23. Hemelytral membrane with wide semidiscoidal transluscent window (Figs. 23–25, 64–66, 82, 91–92)........................................................................................... L. fenestratus (Burmeister) (in part). Hemelytral membrane dark brown without transluscent window............................................... 24 <p>24. Thorax black; abdominal sterna III – VII black (Figs. 19–20, 44–45, 88, 103–104)............... L. viduus Breddin (in part)</p> <p>. Thorax mostly yellowish orange; abdominal sterna III – VII yellowish orange or black.............................. 25</p> <p>25. Head ventrally yellow; fore and mid femora bicolorous, anterior half yellow, posterior half black; hind femora yellow, tip black; abdominal sterna III – VII yellowish orange (Figs. 29, 56, 87, 101–102)........................... L. eustoliana sp. nov.</p> <p>. Head ventrally black with wide yellow longitudinal stripe close to eyes; fore and mid femora black; hind femora black or bicolorous.......................................................................................... 26</p> <p>26. Coxae yellow; trochanters yellow with pale brown spot (Figs. 14–15, 58–59, 85, 97–98)........... L. lutescens Brailovsky</p> <p>. Coxae and trochanters black to reddish brown.............................................................. 27</p> <p>27. Abdominal sterna III – VII black; scutellar tip yellow (Figs. 16, 60)............................... L. excelsus sp. nov.</p> <p>. Abdominal sterna III – VII yellow; scutellar tip black (Figs. 17, 57)................................ L. halatus sp. nov.</p> <p>28. Hemelytral membrane dark brown with wide, transluscent window (Figs. 23–25, 64–66, 91–92)............................................................................................... L. fenestratus (Burmeister) (in part)</p> <p>. Hemelytral membrane dark brown without transluscent window............................................... 29</p> <p>29. Propleuron yellow; meso- and metapleuron yellow with brownish black spot near posterior margin; fore and mid femora brownish black; hind femora bicolorous, brownish black with anterior third yellow; abdominal sterna III – VII yellow; connexival segments III – VII and pleural abdominal margins III – VII black; pronotal disk, scutellar disk, clavus and corium with densely bluish green reflections (Figs. 28, 55, 84, 95–96).............................................. L. gelidus sp. nov.</p> <p>. Pro-, meso- and metapleuron black; abdominal sterna III – VII mostly black to reddish brown; connexival segments III – VII and pleural abdominal margins III – VII yellowish orange; pronotal disk, scutellar disk, clavus and corium without dense bluish green reflections..................................................................................... 30</p> <p>30. Pro-, meso- and meta-acetabulae with yellowish orange discoidal spot; tylus yellow to shiny orange; middle third of pronotal disk with orange longitudinal, irregular stripe interrupted near middle third or irregular across the total disk............. 31</p> <p>. Pro-, meso- and meta-acetabulae black to brownish black without orange spot; tylus black; middle third of pronotal disk without orange longitudinal stripe....................................................................... 32</p> <p>31. Femora bicolorous, black with posterior third orange, tip black; connexival segments III – VII and pleural abdominal margins III – VII yellowsish orange (Figs. 18, 61)................................................... L. aburtonia sp. nov.</p> <p>. Femora black; connexival segments III – VII and pleural abdominal margins III – VII bicolorous, black with posterior third yellow (Figs. 30–31, 62–63).................................................. L. obscurior Brailovsky &amp; Barrera</p> <p>32. Femora bicolorous, black with posterior third orange, tip black; anterolateral margins of pronotal disk finely crenulate; scutellar tip yellowish orange; humeri black with apical margin yellow (Figs. 19–20, 44–45, 88, 103–104)... L. viduus Breddin (in part)</p> <p>. Femora black to dark reddish castaneous; anterolateral margins of.. pronotal disk conspicuously crenulate with stout, obtuse spines; scutellar tip black; humeri widely shiny orange (Figs. 26–27, 67–68)....................... L. superbus Breddin</p></p> </p> <p>2. Pro-, meso- and metapleuron yellowish white (Figs. 37, 76, 85, 97–98)................. L. ledezmae Brailovsky &amp; Barrera. Pro-, meso- and metapleuron black or chestnut brown or reddish brown, with or without shiny red or reddish orange spot at acetabulae........................................................................................... 3</p> <p>3. Abdominal sterna III – VII, pleural abdominal margins III – VII and female genital plates pale yellowish orange; acetabulae without shiny red or reddish orange spot; posterolateral margins of pronotal disk and humeri black (Figs. 35, 74)................................................................................. L. peruviensis Brailovsky &amp; Barrera</p> <p>. Abdominal sterna III – VII black to reddish brown; female genital plates black to reddish brown with laterotergites VIII –IX reddish orange; pleural abdominal margins III – VII reddish orange or bicolorous; humeri and posterolateral margins of pronotal disk reddish orange.................................................................................... 4</p> <p>4. Acetabulae without shiny red to reddish orange spot; antennal segment II stout, III stout, nearly clavate (Figs. 38, 70)........................................................................................... L. curiosus sp. nov.</p> <p>. Acetabulae with shiny red to reddish orange spot; antennal segments II– III robust or slender.......................... 5</p> <p>5. Femora bicolorous black to dark castaneous brown with apical third yellow; antennal segments II– III relatively robust; connexival segments III – VI black with upper margin shiny red (Figs. 36, 75)............. L. incultus Brailovsky &amp; Barrera</p> <p>. Femora entirely black; antennal segments II– III slender, elongate; connexival segments III – VI with another color combination......................................................................................... 6</p> <p>6 Connexival segments III – VII and pleural abdominal margins III – VII shiny reddish orange; humeral angles expanded, apically acute with the spine directed backward; pronotal disk with complete shiny red longitudinal stripe, running across the middle from callus to posterior border; antennal segments II– III elongate, slender (Figs. 39, 77).............. L. genuinus sp. nov.</p> <p>. Connexival segments III – VII and pleural abdominal margins III – VII bicolorous, black with posterior third yellow; humeral angles obtuse or slightly exposed......................................................................... 7</p> <p>7. Apex of scutellum shiny red; pronotal disk with an incomplete shiny red longitudinal stripe running across middle third; dorsal abdominal segments black; humeral angles obtuse and rounded; anterolateral margins of pronotal disk weakly crenulate; pubescence of pronotal disk dense and minute; antennal segments II– III elongate, slender (Figs. 33–34, 72–73)........................................................................................... L. megaera (Burmeister)</p> <p>. Apex of scutellum black; pronotal disk without shiny red longitudinal stripe; dorsal abdominal segments black and laterally shiny reddish orange; humeral angles exposed; anterolateral margins of pronotal disk densely crenulate; pubescence of pronotal disk dense, with erect and stout silvery hairs; antennal segments II– III stout, robust (Figs. 32, 71)................................................................................................. L. bicolor Brailovsky &amp; Barrera</p> <p>8. Yellowish transverse fascia on corium always present, complete and straight...................................... 9</p> <p>. Yellowish transverse fascia on corium irregular (zig–zag) or fascia absent....................................... 17</p> <p>9. Scutellum entirely yellowish orange (Figs. 1–2, 40–41)...................................... L. sumptuosus Distant</p> <p>. Scutellum mostly black, with or without bluish green reflections and never entirely yellowish orange.................. 10</p> <p>10. Scutellum yellowish orange with two broad, black longitudinal stripes running at each side of midline................. 11</p> <p>. Scutellum entirely black or with narrow yellowish orange longitudinal stripe across midline......................... 12</p> <p>11. Connexival segments III – VII and pleural abdominal margins III – VII black with anterior border yellow (Figs. 4, 78)................................................................................. L. conjunctus Brailovsky (in part)</p> <p>. Connexival segments III – VII and pleural abdominal margins III – VII entirely yellowish orange (Figs. 3, 42)... L. ducalis (Stål)</p> <p>12. Scutellum black with narrow, yellowish orange, longitudinal stripe across midline................................. 13</p> <p>. Scutellum entirely black............................................................................... 15</p> <p>13. Posterolateral margins and posterior margin of pronotal disk black; propleuron entirely yellow; meso- and metapleuron yellow, each with reddish brown spot close to posterior margin (Figs. 12, 69, 86, 99–100)..................... L. navus sp. nov.</p> <p>. Posterolateral margins and posterior margin of pronotal disk yellow; pro-, meso- and metapleuron yellow with brown reddish brown quadrate spot.................................................................................. 14</p> <p>14. Clavus black with anterior angle and border of claval commissure yellow; corium mostly black, with wide yellow transverse fascia; connexival segments III – VII and pleural abdominal margins III – VII yellow; rim of abdominal spiracle yellow (Figs. 5, 43, 83, 93–94)........................................................................... L. festivus Distant</p> <p>. Clavus pale yellowish orange with black elongate spot close to posterior third; corium mostly pale yellowish orange; connexival segments III – VII and pleural abdominal margins III – VII black with anterior border yellow; rim of abdominal spiracle dark brown (Figs. 4, 78).......................................................... L. conjunctus Brailovsky (in part) 15. Trochanters black to reddish brown; meso- and metapleuron entirely yellowish orange (Figs. 10, 50).... L. proximus Breddin <p>. Trochanters yellow; meso- and metapleuron yellow to yellowish orange with wide black to reddish brown spot.......... 16</p></p> <p>. Trochanters yellow; meso- and metapleuron yellow to yellowish orange with wide black to reddish brown spot.......... 16</p> <p>16. Posterolateral margins and posterior margin of pronotal disk yellow to yellowish orange; propleuron yellow with small black discoidal spot at acetabulae; connexival segments III – VII yellow to yellowish orange (Figs. 9, 49).... L. herrerai Brailovsky</p> <p>. Posterolateral margins and posterior margin of pronotal disk black; propleuron entirely yellow; connexival segments III –IV yellow to yellowish orange and V – VII black (Figs. 6–7, 46–48, 80–81, 89–90)..................... L. fasciatus (Dallas)</p> <p>17. Yellowish transverse fascia on corium irregular (zig–zag) (Figs. 13, 53)............................. L. lentus sp. nov.</p> <p>- Yellowish transverse fascia on corium absent.............................................................. 18</p> <p>18. Scutellum pale reddish orange or yellow with tip, or basal angles or broad elongate spot running lateral to midline black.. 19</p> <p>. Scutellum black with or without bluish green reflections and tip black or yellow.................................. 22</p> <p>19. Scutellum entirely pale reddish orange; pronotal disk and thorax pale reddish orange (Figs. 8, 79)............................................................................................... L. vergarae Brailovsky &amp; Barrera</p> <p>. Scutellum mostly yellow; pronotal disk and thorax black with or without yellow or pale orange marks................. 20</p> <p>20. Middle third of pronotal disk with broad, complete, arcuate, pale yellowish transverse fascia; collar and callar area black; apical margin of corium black; scutellum yellow, tip black; clavus yellow with posterior third black; abdominal sterna III – VII black (Figs. 21, 52)......................................................................... L. infrequens sp. nov.</p> <p>. Middle third of pronotal disk without pale yellow arcuate, transverse fascia; apical margin of corium pale yellow or black with large orange discoidal spot close to middle third; scutellum yellow, basal angles black or yellow, with broad elongate black marks running laterally until middle third; clavus black with basal angle yellow to orange........................... 21</p> <p>21. Scutellum yellow with basal angles black; apical margin of corium black with large orange discoidal spot close to middle third; abdominal sterna III – VII black, midline symmetrically with yellow transverse paired of spots at each side and near to posterior border of each sternite; pleural abdominal margins bicolorous, yellowish orange with anterior third black; pronotal disk with T-shaped yellowish orange mark near to midline; collar orange; callar region black; femora black with apical third yellow, tip black; gonocoxae I black; laterotergites VIII –IX yellowish orange (Figs. 22, 54).................... L. factiosus sp. nov.</p> <p>. Scutellum yellow with broad, longitudinal, elongate black mark running laterally, until middle third; apical margin of corium yellow without orange discoidal spot; abdominal sternite III – VII yellowish orange with rim of abdominal spiracles reddish brown; pleural abdominal margins yellowish orange; collar and callar region yellow; femora black; genital plates yellowish orange (Figs. 11, 51).................................................................... L. fundatus sp. nov.</p> <p>22. Callar region yellow.................................................................................. 23</p> <p>. Callar region black or dark brown or brownish castaneous with or without bluish green reflections.................... 28</p> <p>23. Hemelytral membrane with wide semidiscoidal transluscent window (Figs. 23–25, 64–66, 82, 91–92)........................................................................................... L. fenestratus (Burmeister) (in part). Hemelytral membrane dark brown without transluscent window............................................... 24 <p>24. Thorax black; abdominal sterna III – VII black (Figs. 19–20, 44–45, 88, 103–104)............... L. viduus Breddin (in part)</p> <p>. Thorax mostly yellowish orange; abdominal sterna III – VII yellowish orange or black.............................. 25</p> <p>25. Head ventrally yellow; fore and mid femora bicolorous, anterior half yellow, posterior half black; hind femora yellow, tip black; abdominal sterna III – VII yellowish orange (Figs. 29, 56, 87, 101–102)........................... L. eustoliana sp. nov.</p> <p>. Head ventrally black with wide yellow longitudinal stripe close to eyes; fore and mid femora black; hind femora black or bicolorous.......................................................................................... 26</p> <p>26. Coxae yellow; trochanters yellow with pale brown spot (Figs. 14–15, 58–59, 85, 97–98)........... L. lutescens Brailovsky</p> <p>. Coxae and trochanters black to reddish brown.............................................................. 27</p> <p>27. Abdominal sterna III – VII black; scutellar tip yellow (Figs. 16, 60)............................... L. excelsus sp. nov.</p> <p>. Abdominal sterna III – VII yellow; scutellar tip black (Figs. 17, 57)................................ L. halatus sp. nov.</p> <p>28. Hemelytral membrane dark brown with wide, transluscent window (Figs. 23–25, 64–66, 91–92)............................................................................................... L. fenestratus (Burmeister) (in part)</p> <p>. Hemelytral membrane dark brown without transluscent window............................................... 29</p> <p>29. Propleuron yellow; meso- and metapleuron yellow with brownish black spot near posterior margin; fore and mid femora brownish black; hind femora bicolorous, brownish black with anterior third yellow; abdominal sterna III – VII yellow; connexival segments III – VII and pleural abdominal margins III – VII black; pronotal disk, scutellar disk, clavus and corium with densely bluish green reflections (Figs. 28, 55, 84, 95–96).............................................. L. gelidus sp. nov.</p> <p>. Pro-, meso- and metapleuron black; abdominal sterna III – VII mostly black to reddish brown; connexival segments III – VII and pleural abdominal margins III – VII yellowish orange; pronotal disk, scutellar disk, clavus and corium without dense bluish green reflections..................................................................................... 30</p> <p>30. Pro-, meso- and meta-acetabulae with yellowish orange discoidal spot; tylus yellow to shiny orange; middle third of pronotal disk with orange longitudinal, irregular stripe interrupted near middle third or irregular across the total disk............. 31</p> <p>. Pro-, meso- and meta-acetabulae black to brownish black without orange spot; tylus black; middle third of pronotal disk without orange longitudinal stripe....................................................................... 32</p> <p>31. Femora bicolorous, black with posterior third orange, tip black; connexival segments III – VII and pleural abdominal margins III – VII yellowsish orange (Figs. 18, 61)................................................... L. aburtonia sp. nov.</p> <p>. Femora black; connexival segments III – VII and pleural abdominal margins III – VII bicolorous, black with posterior third yellow (Figs. 30–31, 62–63).................................................. L. obscurior Brailovsky &amp; Barrera</p> <p>32. Femora bicolorous, black with posterior third orange, tip black; anterolateral margins of pronotal disk finely crenulate; scutellar tip yellowish orange; humeri black with apical margin yellow (Figs. 19–20, 44–45, 88, 103–104)... L. viduus Breddin (in part)</p> <p>. Femora black to dark reddish castaneous; anterolateral margins of.. pronotal disk conspicuously crenulate with stout, obtuse spines; scutellar tip black; humeri widely shiny orange (Figs. 26–27, 67–68)....................... L. superbus Breddin</p></p> <p>24. Thorax black; abdominal sterna III – VII black (Figs. 19–20, 44–45, 88, 103–104)............... L. viduus Breddin (in part)</p> <p>. Thorax mostly yellowish orange; abdominal sterna III – VII yellowish orange or black.............................. 25</p> <p>25. Head ventrally yellow; fore and mid femora bicolorous, anterior half yellow, posterior half black; hind femora yellow, tip black; abdominal sterna III – VII yellowish orange (Figs. 29, 56, 87, 101–102)........................... L. eustoliana sp. nov.</p> <p>. Head ventrally black with wide yellow longitudinal stripe close to eyes; fore and mid femora black; hind femora black or bicolorous.......................................................................................... 26</p> <p>26. Coxae yellow; trochanters yellow with pale brown spot (Figs. 14–15, 58–59, 85, 97–98)........... L. lutescens Brailovsky</p> <p>. Coxae and trochanters black to reddish brown.............................................................. 27</p> <p>27. Abdominal sterna III – VII black; scutellar tip yellow (Figs. 16, 60)............................... L. excelsus sp. nov.</p> <p>. Abdominal sterna III – VII yellow; scutellar tip black (Figs. 17, 57)................................ L. halatus sp. nov.</p> <p>28. Hemelytral membrane dark brown with wide, transluscent window (Figs. 23–25, 64–66, 91–92)............................................................................................... L. fenestratus (Burmeister) (in part)</p> <p>. Hemelytral membrane dark brown without transluscent window............................................... 29</p> <p>29. Propleuron yellow; meso- and metapleuron yellow with brownish black spot near posterior margin; fore and mid femora brownish black; hind femora bicolorous, brownish black with anterior third yellow; abdominal sterna III – VII yellow; connexival segments III – VII and pleural abdominal margins III – VII black; pronotal disk, scutellar disk, clavus and corium with densely bluish green reflections (Figs. 28, 55, 84, 95–96).............................................. L. gelidus sp. nov.</p> <p>. Pro-, meso- and metapleuron black; abdominal sterna III – VII mostly black to reddish brown; connexival segments III – VII and pleural abdominal margins III – VII yellowish orange; pronotal disk, scutellar disk, clavus and corium without dense bluish green reflections..................................................................................... 30</p> <p>30. Pro-, meso- and meta-acetabulae with yellowish orange discoidal spot; tylus yellow to shiny orange; middle third of pronotal disk with orange longitudinal, irregular stripe interrupted near middle third or irregular across the total disk............. 31</p> <p>. Pro-, meso- and meta-acetabulae black to brownish black without orange spot; tylus black; middle third of pronotal disk without orange longitudinal stripe....................................................................... 32</p> <p>31. Femora bicolorous, black with posterior third orange, tip black; connexival segments III – VII and pleural abdominal margins III – VII yellowsish orange (Figs. 18, 61)................................................... L. aburtonia sp. nov.</p> <p>. Femora black; connexival segments III – VII and pleural abdominal margins III – VII bicolorous, black with posterior third yellow (Figs. 30–31, 62–63).................................................. L. obscurior Brailovsky &amp; Barrera</p> <p>32. Femora bicolorous, black with posterior third orange, tip black; anterolateral margins of pronotal disk finely crenulate; scutellar tip yellowish orange; humeri black with apical margin yellow (Figs. 19–20, 44–45, 88, 103–104)... L. viduus Breddin (in part)</p> <p>. Femora black to dark reddish castaneous; anterolateral margins of.. pronotal disk conspicuously crenulate with stout, obtuse spines; scutellar tip black; humeri widely shiny orange (Figs. 26–27, 67–68)....................... L. superbus Breddin</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87E2FF9AFFC5B2E5FCCAFA7CBCD9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brailovsky, Harry;Barrera, Ernesto	Brailovsky, Harry, Barrera, Ernesto (2023): Illustrated key to the species in the genus Laminiceps Costa, 1863 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae: Acanthocephalini), with descriptions of twelve new species. Zootaxa 5352 (2): 177-202, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2
03FE87E2FF96FFC8B2E5FB19FE9AB958.text	03FE87E2FF96FFC8B2E5FB19FE9AB958.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laminiceps aburtonia Brailovsky & Barrera 2023	<div><p>Laminiceps aburtonia sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs. 18, 61)</p> <p>Type locality. Brazil, Corumba (Matto Grosso).</p> <p>Description. Holotype female. Dorsal coloration. Head and antennal segments I–IV black; tylus yellowish orange; pronotum including collar, callar region, and anterior and posterior margins dark brown; anterolateral and posterolateral margins yellow; middle third of pronotal disk with irregular yellowish orange longitudinal stripe running from inner border of calli until posterior border; scutellum black, apex yellowish orange; clavus black; corium almost entirely black; costal margin with anterior half yellow and posterior half black; hemelytral membrane dark brown; connexival segments III–VII yellow, VIII with anterior half black and posterior half yellow and IX black; dorsal abdominal segments III–IX black. Ventral coloration. Head dark brown with yellow longitudinal stripe close to eyes; buccula dark brown; pro-, and metasternum dark brown; mesosternum dark brown and at each side a yellow longitudinal stripe; propleuron shiny brown with upper margin yellow; meso- and metapleuron shiny brown; anterior and posterior lobe of metathoracic peritreme dark brown; pro-, meso- and meta-acetabulae brown with yellowish orange discoidal spot; coxae, trochanters, tibiae and tarsi shiny brown; femora shiny brown, posterior third yellowish orange, with the apex shiny brown; abdominal sterna III– VII and genital plates shiny reddish brown; pleural abdominal margins III–VII yellow. Structure. Head. Antennal segment III uniformly elongate, slender; rostrum reaching posterior margin of mesosternum. Thorax. Pronotum. Trapeziform; anterolateral and posterolateral margins almost smooth; posterior border straight; humeral angles subacute, not exposed.</p> <p>Measurements. Female. Body length 18.80; head length 1.98; head width across eyes 3.03; interocular distance 1.05; interocellar distance 0.51; preocular distance 0.99; length antennal segments I 3.41, II 2.85, III 1.86, IV 6.38; length rostral segments I 1.48, II 1.61, III 1.36, IV 1.11; pronotum total length 3.84; maximum width across humeral angles 6.75; scutellum length 2.29, width 2.72.</p> <p>Male. Unknown.</p> <p>Type material. HOLOTYPE female: BRAZIL: Corumba, Matto Grosso, whithout date (H. G. Barber, colln. 1950) (USNM).</p> <p>Etymology. Named for Alvaro Aburto Juarez, grandson of the second author.</p> <p>Discussion. Differential diagnosis. Related to L. viduus Breddin (Figs. 18–20, 61, 67–68) by having the femora bicolorous, shiny brown to black with posterior third yellowish orange except the apex shiny brown to black; anterolateral and posterolateral margins of pronotal disk yellow; connexival margins III–VII yellow; dorsal abdominal segments III–VII black and pleural abdominal margins III–VII yellow. In L. viduus described from Ecuador, the acetabulae are black, the pronotal disk lacks a yellowish longitudinal stripe at midline, and the postocular area is yellow and the callar region yellow to brown. In L. aburtonia sp. nov., (Figs. 18, 61), described from Brazil the acetabulae has a yellowish orange discoidal spot, the midline of pronotal disk has an irregular yellowish orange longitudinal stripe running from inner border of calli until the posterior border, and the postocular area is black and callar region brown.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87E2FF96FFC8B2E5FB19FE9AB958	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brailovsky, Harry;Barrera, Ernesto	Brailovsky, Harry, Barrera, Ernesto (2023): Illustrated key to the species in the genus Laminiceps Costa, 1863 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae: Acanthocephalini), with descriptions of twelve new species. Zootaxa 5352 (2): 177-202, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2
03FE87E2FF95FFD6B2E5FD3BFD61BE4A.text	03FE87E2FF95FFD6B2E5FD3BFD61BE4A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laminiceps eustoliana Brailovsky & Barrera 2023	<div><p>Laminiceps eustoliana sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs. 29, 56, 87, 101–102)</p> <p>Type locality. Paraguay.</p> <p>Description. Holotype male. Dorsal coloration. Head black with bluish green reflections; tylus and longitudinal stripe close to eyes yellow; antennal segments I–IV black; pronotum including humeri black with bluish green reflections; collar, callar region, and anterolateral margins yellow; scutellum black with bluish green reflections, and apex yellow; clavus and corium black with bluish green reflections; hemelytral membrane dark brown; connexival segments III–VII black with yellow oval transverse stripe near midline; dorsal abdominal segments III–VII black. Ventral coloration. Head yellow with the area behind eyes black; buccula yellow; rostral segment I yellow, II–IV brown; thorax yellow; supracoxal spine black with bluish green reflection, and short and slender pale brown mark near inner margin of mesopleura; coxae and trochanter yellow; fore and midlle femora yellow with apical third including the spines brown to black with dark castaneous reflections; hind femur and most of the spines yellow, with apical border and apical spine dark brown; tibiae and tarsi black; abdominal sterna III–VII yellow; pleural abdominal margin III yellow, IV–VII yellow with apical border dark brown, except the yellow posterior margin; genital capsule black with bluish green reflections. Structure. Head. Antennal segment III uniformly elongate, slender; rostrum reaching posterior margin of mesosternum. Thorax. Pronotum. Trapeziform; anterolateral and posterolateral margins almost smooth; posterior border straight; humeral angles subacute, not exposed. Genital capsule. Posteroventral border almost straight, to slightly sinuate (Fig. 87). Parameres. Figs. (101–102).</p> <p>Measurements. Male. Body length 21.27; head length 2.04; head width across eyes 3.10; interocular distance 1.24; interocellar distance 0.67; preocular distance 1.19; length antennal segments I 4.37, II 4.40, III 2.85, IV 6.38; length of rostral segments I 1.30, II 1.79, III, 1.55, IV 1.17; pronotum total length 4.40; maximum width across humeral angles 7.50; scutellum length 2.41, width 2.79.</p> <p>Female. Unknown.</p> <p>Type material. HOLOTYPE male: PARAGUAY: without data, Fiebrig, S. V. (ZMUH).</p> <p>Etymology. Named for Eustolia Vargas Juarez, mother of the second author.</p> <p>Discussion. Differential diagnosis. This new species is related to L. fasciatus (Dallas) (Figs. 6–7, 46–48) by having the tylus, buccula, and abdominal sterna III–VII yellow; hind femora yellow with apical border black; and thorax yellow with supracoxal spine and small sector of meta-acetabulae black with bluish green reflections. Laminiceps fasciatus is distinguished by having a broad yellow transverse fascia at corium; fore femora yellow with short brown stripe at posterior half, and middle femora yellow with apical border black. In L. eustoliana sp. nov. (Figs. 29, 56) the corium is entirely black with bluish green reflections and without yellow transverse fascia, and fore and middle femora entirely black with bluish green reflections.</p> <p>87, L. eustoliana sp. nov. 88, L. viduus Breddin.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87E2FF95FFD6B2E5FD3BFD61BE4A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brailovsky, Harry;Barrera, Ernesto	Brailovsky, Harry, Barrera, Ernesto (2023): Illustrated key to the species in the genus Laminiceps Costa, 1863 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae: Acanthocephalini), with descriptions of twelve new species. Zootaxa 5352 (2): 177-202, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2
03FE87E2FF8BFFD7B2E5FA61FE46B8B9.text	03FE87E2FF8BFFD7B2E5FA61FE46B8B9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laminiceps gelidus Brailovsky & Barrera 2023	<div><p>Laminiceps gelidus sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs. 28, 55, 84, 95–96)</p> <p>Type locality. Brazil, Corumba (Matto Grosso).</p> <p>Description. Holotype male. Dorsal coloration. Head black with bluish green reflections; tylus yellow; antennal segments I–IV black; pronotum dark brown with bluish green reflections; collar and anterior half of the anterolateral borders yellow; scutellum black with bluish green reflections, apex yellow; clavus and corium black with bluish green reflections; hemelytral membrane dark brown; connexival segments and dorsal abdominal segments black. Ventral coloration. Head yellow with the area behind eyes brown; buccula yellow; rostral segments I–IV brown; thorax yellow; supracoxal spine, meta-acetabulae and broad mark near inner margin of mesopleura black with bluish green reflections; coxae and trochanters yellow; fore and middle femora black with bluish green reflections; hind femora with anterior half yellow and posterior half including the spines black with bluish green reflections; tibiae and tarsi dark brown; abdominal sterna III–VII yellow; pleural margins of abdominal sterna III–VII and genital capsule black with bluish green reflections. Structure. Head. Antennal segment III uniformly elongate, relatively robust; rostrum reaching posterior border of mesosternum. Thorax. Pronotum. Trapeziform; anterolateral and posterolateral margins almost smooth; posterior border straight; humeral angles subacute, not exposed. Genital capsule. Posteroventral border slightly convex (Fig. 84). Parameres. Figs. (95–96).</p> <p>Measurements. Male. Body length 17.65; head length 1.73; head width across eyes 2.74; interocular distance 1.17; interocellar distance 0.49; preocular distance 0.95; length antennal segments I 3.72, II 3.22, III 1.98, IV 6.07; length rostral segments, I 1.33, II 1.57, III 1.24, IV 1.05; pronotum total length 3.90; maximum width across humeral angles 6.38; scutellum length 2.94, width 1.75.</p> <p>Female. Unknown.</p> <p>Type material. HOLOTYPE male: BRAZIL: Corumba, Matto Grosso, whithout date (H. G. Barber, colln. 1950) (USNM).</p> <p>Etymology. From the Latin “ gelidus ” meaning cold, frosty, icy.</p> <p>Discussion. Differential diagnosis. Like L. eustoliana (Figs. 29, 56), here described with scutellum black with bluish green reflections, and apex yellow; clavus and corium black with bluish green reflections; tylus and buccula yellow; antennal segments I–IV black; supracoxal spine black to dark brown with bluish green reflections; abdominal sterna III–VII yellow; male genital capsule black with bluish green reflections; and antennal segment III uniformly elongate. In L. eustoliana, the hind femora are yellow with apical border and spines black; pronotum black with bluish green reflections, with collar, callar region, most of anterior pronotal disk, and anterolateral borders yellow (humeri black with bluish green reflections); pleural margin of abdominal sterna III yellow, and IV–VII yellow with apical border dark brown. In L. gelidus sp. nov., (Figs. 28, 55), the hind femora have the anterior half yellow, and posterior half including the spines black; pronotum black with bluish green reflections and only collar and anterior half of anterior border yellow; and pleural margins of abdominal sterna III–VII black with bluish green reflections.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87E2FF8BFFD7B2E5FA61FE46B8B9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brailovsky, Harry;Barrera, Ernesto	Brailovsky, Harry, Barrera, Ernesto (2023): Illustrated key to the species in the genus Laminiceps Costa, 1863 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae: Acanthocephalini), with descriptions of twelve new species. Zootaxa 5352 (2): 177-202, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2
03FE87E2FF8AFFD4B2E5FC5AFED8BAB1.text	03FE87E2FF8AFFD4B2E5FC5AFED8BAB1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laminiceps lentus Brailovsky & Barrera 2023	<div><p>Laminiceps lentus sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs. 13, 53)</p> <p>Type locality. Venezuela, Territorio Federal, Amazonas.</p> <p>Description. Holotype female. Dorsal coloration. Head and antennal segments I–IV black; pronotum black with bluish green reflections; collar, callar region, and anterolateral and posterolateral margins yellowish orange; scutellum including the apex and clavus black with bluish green reflections; claval commissure yellow; corium black with bluish green reflections; posterior third with complete and irregular (zig-zag) dirty yellow transverse fascia, and posterior margin and inner third of endocorium close to posterior margin yellowish white; costal margin yellowish orange; hemelytral membrane dark brown; connexival segments and dorsal abdominal segments yellowish orange. Ventral coloration. Head black with buccula and longitudinal fascia near eyes yellow; rostral segments I–IV black; pro-, meso- and metasternon yellowish orange; pro-, meso- and metapleuron yellowish orange with wide black central elongate or quadrate spot covered great portion of the area; legs black; abdominal sterna, pleural margins of abdominal sterna and genital plates yellowish orange. Structure. Head. Antennal segment III uniformly elongate, slender; rostrum reaching posterior margin of mesosternum. Thorax. Pronotum. Trapeziform; anterolateral and posterolateral borders smooth; posterior border straight; humeral angles obtuse, with short rounded expansion.</p> <p>Measurements. female. Body length 19.10; head length 1.86; head width across eyes 2.66; interocular distance 1.17; interocellar distance 0.50; preocular distance 0.88; length antennal segments I 3.59, II 2.79, III 1.92, IV 6.51; length rostral segments I 1.30, II 1.53, III 1.26, IV 1.11; pronotum total length 3.72; maximum width across humeral angles 7.13; scutellum length 2.35, width 2.54.</p> <p>Male. Unknown.</p> <p>Type material. HOLOTYPE female: VENEZUELA: Territorio Federal, Amazonas, Parque Nacional Duida, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-65.916664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.55" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -65.916664/lat 30.55)">Marahuaka</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-65.916664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.55" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -65.916664/lat 30.55)">Culebra</a>, 250 m, 30°33´N- 65°55´W, 9–13–iii–1985, Exp. Marahuaka, Fund. Terramar (UCVM).</p> <p>Etymology. From the Latin “ lentus ” meaning flexible, slow, viscous.</p> <p>Discussion. Differential diagnosis. Like in L. ducalis (Stål) (Figs. 3, 42), L. fasciatus (Dallas) (Figs. 6–7, 48–49), L. proximus (Figs. 10, 50) and the new species here described, L. navus (Figs. 12, 69), the corium has a completely yellow to yellowish orange transverse fascia. In L. lentus s p. nov., (Fig. 13, 53), the yellow transverse fascia is narrow in zig-zag while on the other species are wider. The hind femora of L. fasciatus are entirely yellow, while on L. ducalis, L. proximus and L. navus the dorsal surface is black with bluish green reflections and ventrally yellow to yellowish orange, and in L. lentus entirely black. In L. fasciatus, L. proximus, and L. navus, the propleuron is entirely yellow to yellowish orange, while on L. ducalis and L. lentus yellow to yellowish orange with wide quadrate or elongate black spot. In L. ducalis the scutellum is yellow with a broad black basal spot at each side of midline, the pronotal disk has a slender yellowish longitudinal stripe across midline, and fore and middle femora are dorsally black and ventrally mostly yellow. In L. lentus the scutellum including the apex are black with bluish green reflections, the pronotal disk without yellow longitudinal stripe across midline, and fore and middle femora entirely black.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87E2FF8AFFD4B2E5FC5AFED8BAB1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brailovsky, Harry;Barrera, Ernesto	Brailovsky, Harry, Barrera, Ernesto (2023): Illustrated key to the species in the genus Laminiceps Costa, 1863 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae: Acanthocephalini), with descriptions of twelve new species. Zootaxa 5352 (2): 177-202, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2
03FE87E2FF89FFD4B2E5FE52FCB4BC49.text	03FE87E2FF89FFD4B2E5FE52FCB4BC49.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laminiceps navus Brailovsky & Barrera 2023	<div><p>Laminiceps navus sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs. 12, 69, 86, 99–100)</p> <p>Type locality. Bolivia, Departamento Santa Cruz, Buenavista, Tohito.</p> <p>Description. Holotype male. Dorsal coloration. Head black; tylus yellow; antennal segments I–IV black; pronotum black with bluish green reflections, with collar, callar region, anterolateral margins and a slender longitudinal stripe across midline yellow; scutellum black with bluish green reflections and a yellow slender longitudinal stripe across midline; clavus black with bluish green reflections; corium black with bluish green reflections and complete wide yellow transverse fascia near midline; hemelytral membrane dark brown with basal angle yellow; connexival segment III yellow, IV with anterior half yellow and posterior half black, V–VI black, and VII black with posterior third yellow. Ventral coloration. Head including the buccula yellow; juga black with bluish green reflections; rostral segments I–IV black; thorax yellow; posterior margin of meso- and metapleuron with large black bluish green reflections spot; fore leg with coxae and trochanters yellow, femora black with bluish green reflections with a yellow irregular spot near to the apex of ventral surface; tibiae and tarsi black with bluish green reflections; middle and hind leg with coxae and trochanters yellow, femora bicolored, dorsally black with bluish green reflections with the apex yellow and ventrally yellow, included the spines; tibiae and tarsi black with bluish green reflections; abdominal sterna III–VII and genital capsule yellow; pleural margins of abdominal sternite III yellow, IV black with anterior angle yellow, V–VI black with bluish green reflections and VII yellow mixed with pale brown marks. Structure. Head. Antennal segment III uniformly elongate, slender; rostrum reaching posterior margin of mesosternum. Thorax. Pronotum. Trapeziform; anterolateral and posterolateral margins smooth; posterior border straight; humeral angles almost rounded. Genital capsule. Posteroventral border slightly straight to quadrate (Fig. 86). Parameres. Figs. (99–100).</p> <p>Measurements. Male. Body length 18.15; head length 1.75; head width across eyes 2.79; interocular distance 1.19; interocellar distance 0.52; preocular distance 0.90; length antennal segments I 3.53, II 3.03, III 2.23, IV 5.82; length rostral segments I 1.55, II 1.61, III 1.55, IV 1.11; pronotum total length 3.96; maximum width across humeral angles 6.44; scutellum length 2.23, width 2.41.</p> <p>Female. Unknown.</p> <p>Type material. HOLOTYPE female: BOLIVIA: Departamento Santa Cruz, Buenavista, Tohito, 400 m, 1956 (without date), Franz Steinbach (J. C. Lutz colln., 1961) (USNM).</p> <p>Etymology. From the Latin “ navus ” meaning busy, active.</p> <p>Discussion. Differential diagnosis. Related to L. fasciatus (Dallas) and L. proximus Breddin by having a wide complete yellow transverse fascia on corium, the pronotal disk black with bluish green reflections with collar, callar region, anterior lobe of pronotal disk and anterolateral margins yellow (humeri black with bluish green reflections), and antennal segment III uniformly elongate and slender. In L. navus sp. nov., pronotal and scutellar disk has a yellow slender stripe across midline, while on the other species it is absent; middle femora bicolored, dorsal surface black with bluish green reflections and ventrally included the spines yellow, while the middle femora of L. fasciatus are yellow with posterior border black and entirely black with bluish green reflections in L. proximus. The trochanters are yellow in L. fasciatus and L. navus, and brown in L. proximus. The hind femora in both, L. navus and L. proximus are bicolorous, dorsally black with bluish green reflections and ventrally yellow, in contrast with L. fasciatus, where are yellow with only the apical border brown.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87E2FF89FFD4B2E5FE52FCB4BC49	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brailovsky, Harry;Barrera, Ernesto	Brailovsky, Harry, Barrera, Ernesto (2023): Illustrated key to the species in the genus Laminiceps Costa, 1863 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae: Acanthocephalini), with descriptions of twelve new species. Zootaxa 5352 (2): 177-202, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2
03FE87E2FF8FFFD2B2E5FCF0FB03BC9F.text	03FE87E2FF8FFFD2B2E5FCF0FB03BC9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laminiceps infrequens Brailovsky & Barrera 2023	<div><p>Laminiceps infrequens sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs. 21, 52)</p> <p>Type locality. BRAZIL, Rio.</p> <p>Description. Holotype female. Dorsal coloration. Head, tylus and antennal segments I–III black, IV missing; pronotum black with wide complete yellow transverse fascia across midline; collar, callar region, posterolateral margins, and posterior lobe black; humeri and posterior third of anterolateral margins yellow; scutellum yellow with black apex; anterior half of clavus yellow, posterior half black; corium black with basal angles and anterior half of costal margin yellow; hemelytral membrane dark brown; connexival segments III–IX yellow; dorsal abdominal segments III–VII black with lateral margins yellowish orange, and VIII-IX yellowish orange. Ventral coloration. Head black with longitudinal stripe close to eyes and outer border of buccula yellow; rostral segments I–IV black; thorax including the anterior and posterior lobe of metathoracic peritreme black; upper border of propleuron with anterior half black and posterior half yellow; legs reddish brown to black; abdominal sterna III–VII black; genital plates yellowish orange; pleural abdominal sterna III–VII yellow. Structure. Head. Antennal segment III uniformly elongate, slender; rostrum reaching posterior margin of mesosternum. Thorax. Pronotum. Trapeziform; anterolateral and posterolateral margins almost smooth; posterior border straight; humeral angles subacute, not exposed.</p> <p>Measurements. Female. Body length 19.12; head length 1.86; head width across eyes 2.96; interocular distance 1.17; interocellar distance 0.55; preocular distance 1.05; length antennal segments I 3.92, II 3.28, III 2.72, IV missing; length rostral segments I 1.61, II 1.63, III 1.55, IV 1.03; pronotum total length 4.40; maximum width across humeral angles 7.13; scutellum length 2.23, width 2.72.</p> <p>Male. Unknown.</p> <p>Type material. HOLOTYPE female: BRAZIL, Rio, 1153 (ZMHU).</p> <p>Etymology. From the Latin “ infrequens ”, meaning seldon, rare.</p> <p>Discussion. Differential diagnosis. Laminiceps infrequens sp. nov., and L. fasciatus (Dallas) are closely related by having a wide complete yellow transverse fascia running across anterior lobe of pronotal disk (Figs. 6–7, 21). In L. infrequens the collar and callar region are dull black color; scutellum yellow with apex black; corium without yellow transverse fascia; head black except the longitudinal stripe close to eyes and outer border of buccula yellow; femora black; and abdominal sterna III–VII black with pleural abdominal sterna yellow. In L. fasciatus the anterior lobe of pronotal disk including collar and callar region are yellow; scutellum black; corium with wide yellow complete transverse fascia; and head ventrally, tylus, femora and abdominal sterna III–VII yellow.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87E2FF8FFFD2B2E5FCF0FB03BC9F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brailovsky, Harry;Barrera, Ernesto	Brailovsky, Harry, Barrera, Ernesto (2023): Illustrated key to the species in the genus Laminiceps Costa, 1863 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae: Acanthocephalini), with descriptions of twelve new species. Zootaxa 5352 (2): 177-202, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2
03FE87E2FF8EFFD3B2E5FF1EFD15BE6D.text	03FE87E2FF8EFFD3B2E5FF1EFD15BE6D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laminiceps factiosus Brailovsky & Barrera 2023	<div><p>Laminiceps factiosus sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs. 22, 54)</p> <p>Type locality. Brazil, Rio.</p> <p>Description. Holotype female. Dorsal coloration. Head, tylus and antennal segments I–III black, IV missing; pronotum black with collar, anterolateral and posterolateral borders, humeral angles, and T-shaped yellowish orange mark near to midline of pronotal disk; scutellum yellow with basal angles black; clavus black with orange basal stripe at inner margin; basal angles of corium black, anterior half of costal margin and large discoidal spot close to middle third of apical margin orange; hemelytral membrane dark brown; connexival segments III and VII yellowish orange, IV–VI bicolorous, anterior third black and posterior third yellowish orange; dorsal abdominal segments III–VI and VIII–IX orange, VII black; intersegments between III–VI black. Ventral coloration. Head and rostral segments I–IV black; buccula black with upper margin yellow; pro-, meso- and metasternum black; propleuron black with upper margin and posterior margin orange; meso-, and metapleuron black; pro-, meso- and meta-acetabulae black with orange spot; coxae, trochanter, tibiae and tarsi black; femora black with posterior third orange and tip black; abdominal sterna black, midline symmetrically with a yellow transverse paired spot near posterior border of each sternite; pleural abdominal margins III and VII yellowish orange with small black spot near to the anterior angle, and IV–VI bicolorus, anterior half black and posterior half yellowish orange; gonocoxae I black; laterotergites VIII–IX yellowish orange. Structure. Head. Antennal segment III uniformly elongate, slender; rostrum reaching posterior margin of mesosternum. Thorax. Pronotum. Trapeziform; anterolateral and posterolateral margins almost smooth; posterior border straight; humeral angles subacute, not exposed.</p> <p>Measurements. Female. Body length 20.34; head length 2.09; head width across eyes 2.85; interocular distance 1.27; interocellar distance 0.55; preocular distance 1.05; length antennal segments I 4.09, II 3.22, III 2.66, IV missing; length rostral segments I 1.61, II 1.55, III 1.30, IV 1.05; pronotum total length 4.34; maximum width across humeral angles 7.25; scutellum length 2.66, width 3.10.</p> <p>Male. Unknown.</p> <p>Type material. HOLOTYPE female: BRAZIL, Rio, 1149 (ZMHU).</p> <p>Etymology. From the Latin “ factiosus ”, meaning powerful, eager for power.</p> <p>Discussion. Differential diagnosis. Laminiceps infrequens here described and L. factiosus sp. nov., are the only known species with the scutellum almost entirely yellow (Figs. 21–22). In L. infrequens the apex of scutellum is black and basal angles yellow; corium without yellowish orange discoidal spot near middle third of apical margin; femora and acetabulae black; and pronotal disk with wide complete yellow transverse fascia absent in L. factiosus, on which the apex of scutelllum is yellow and basal angles black; corium with large orange discoidal spot near middle third of apical margin; femora clearly bicolorous; acetabulae with orange irregular spot; and pronotal disk with yellowish orange T-shaped mark near to midline.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87E2FF8EFFD3B2E5FF1EFD15BE6D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brailovsky, Harry;Barrera, Ernesto	Brailovsky, Harry, Barrera, Ernesto (2023): Illustrated key to the species in the genus Laminiceps Costa, 1863 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae: Acanthocephalini), with descriptions of twelve new species. Zootaxa 5352 (2): 177-202, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2
03FE87E2FF8EFFD0B2E5FA2EFC21B990.text	03FE87E2FF8EFFD0B2E5FA2EFC21B990.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laminiceps excelsus Brailovsky & Barrera 2023	<div><p>Laminiceps excelsus sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs. 16, 60)</p> <p>Type locality. Peru, Tingo Maria.</p> <p>Description. Holotype Female. Dorsal coloration. Head, tylus and antennal segments I–IV black; pronotum black with collar, callar region, anterolateral and posterolateral margins, humeri and small dot at middle third of posterior margin yellow; scutellum black, apex yellow; clavus black with basal joint near inner margin yellow; corium black with costal margin (except black posterior third) and basal angle yellow; hemelytral membrane dark brown; connexival segments III–IX yellow; dorsal abdominal segment III yellow, IV–VI black, and VII–IX yellow. Ventral coloration. Head black with yellow longitudinal stripe near eyes; rostral segments I–IV black to reddish brown; thorax yellow; anterior and posterior lobe of metathoracic peritreme reddish brown; legs black; abdominal sternite III reddish brown with yellow irregular spot at midline and laterally; sterna IV–VI reddish brown, VII reddish brown with posterior margin yellow; pleural abdominal margins yellow with reddish brown rim at each abdominal spiracle; genital plates yellow. Structure. Head. Antennal segment III uniformly elongate, slender; rostrum reaching anterior border of metasternum. Thorax. Pronotum. Trapeziform; anterolateral and posterolateral margins smooth; posterior border straight; humeral angles rounded.</p> <p>Measurements. Female. Body length 18.90; head length 1.92; head width across eyes 2.91; interocular distance 1.24; interocellar distance 0.62; preocular distance 0.95; length antennal segments I 3.41, II 2.72, III 2.04, IV 5.98; length rostral segments I 1.48, II 1.67, III 1.48, IV 1.17; pronotum total length 4.15; maximum width across humeral angles 6.82; scutellum length 2.48, width 2.66.</p> <p>Male. Unknown.</p> <p>Type material. HOLOTYPE female: PERU: Tingo Maria, 6–x–1996, J. Nina (UNALM).</p> <p>Etymology. From the Latin “ excelsus ”, meaning high, lofty, distinguished.</p> <p>Discussion. Differential diagnosis. Related to L. lutescens Brailovsky (Figs. 14–16) by the similitude of antennal segment III (elongate and slender), humeral angles rounded, not exposed, antennal segment IV black, and color pattern of pronotal disk, scutellum, clavus and corium. Both species have the thorax entirely yellowish orange. In L. lutescens (Figs. 58–59) the coxae and trochanters, anterior and posterior lobe of metathoracic peritreme, abdominal sterna III–VII and genital plates are yellowish orange. In L. excelsus sp. nov., (Fig. 60) the coxae and trochanters are black; the middle third of abdominal sterna III–VI and anterior margin of VII shiny reddish brown with posterior margin of VII sternite and pleural abdominal margins of sterna III–VII and genital plates yellow; the anterior and posterior lobe of metathoracic peritreme are reddish brown.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87E2FF8EFFD0B2E5FA2EFC21B990	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brailovsky, Harry;Barrera, Ernesto	Brailovsky, Harry, Barrera, Ernesto (2023): Illustrated key to the species in the genus Laminiceps Costa, 1863 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae: Acanthocephalini), with descriptions of twelve new species. Zootaxa 5352 (2): 177-202, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2
03FE87E2FF8DFFD0B2E5FD73FC5ABDD9.text	03FE87E2FF8DFFD0B2E5FD73FC5ABDD9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laminiceps halatus Brailovsky & Barrera 2023	<div><p>Laminiceps halatus sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs. 17, 57)</p> <p>Type locality. Brazil, Sao Pulo.</p> <p>Description. Holotype female. Dorsal coloration. Head and antennal segments I–II black, III–IV missing; pronotum black with collar, callar region, anterolateral and posterolateral margins, and humeri yellowish orange; scutellum entirely black; clavus black with basal joint near inner margin yellow; corium black with basal angle and costal margin (except black posterior third) yellowish orange; hemelytral membrane dark brown; connexival segments III–IX yellow; dorsal abdominal segments III–IV and VII–IX yellow, VI–VII yellow and mixed with black irregular stripes. Ventral coloration. Head black with yellow longitudinal stripe near eyes; rostral segments I–IV black to reddish brown; thorax included anterior and posterior lobe of metathoracic peritreme yellowish orange; fore and mid legs black (hing leg mising); abdominal sterna, pleural abdominal margins, genital plates, and rim of abdominal spiracles yellowish orange. Structure. Head. Antennal segment III uniformly elongate, slender; rostrum reaching anterior border of metasternum. Thorax. Pronotum. Trapeziform; anterolateral and posterolateral margins smooth; posterior border straight; humeral angles rounded with tiny spiny expansion.</p> <p>Measurements. Female. Body length 19.23; head length 1.86; head width across eyes 2.97; interocular distance 1.11; interocellar distance 0.45; preocular distance 0.94; length antennal segments I 3.41, II 2.66, III–IV missing; length rostral segments I, 1.55, II 1.73, III 1.48, IV 1.05; pronotum total length 3.84; maximum width across humeral angles 6.82; scutellum lenghth 2.41, width 2.66.</p> <p>Male. Unknown.</p> <p>Type material. HOLOTYPE female: BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, (without data) (HNHN).</p> <p>Etymology. From the Latin “ halatus ”, meaning odor, fragance, perfume.</p> <p>Discussion. Differential diagnosis. Related to L. excelsus here described from Peru (Figs. 17, 57). This species is caracterized by having the humeral angles rounded, the apex of scutellum yellow, the anterior and posterior lobe of metathoracic peritreme dark brown and abdominal sterna III–VI included the rim of abdominal spiracle reddish brown. In L. halatus sp. nov., (Figs. 17, 57), described from Brazil the humeral angles are rounded with tiny spiny projection, the apex of scutellum black, the anterior and posterior lobe of metathoracic peritreme, and abdominal sterna III–VI included the rim of abdominal spiracles yellowish orange.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87E2FF8DFFD0B2E5FD73FC5ABDD9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brailovsky, Harry;Barrera, Ernesto	Brailovsky, Harry, Barrera, Ernesto (2023): Illustrated key to the species in the genus Laminiceps Costa, 1863 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae: Acanthocephalini), with descriptions of twelve new species. Zootaxa 5352 (2): 177-202, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2
03FE87E2FF8DFFD1B2E5F8BBFBDDBE08.text	03FE87E2FF8DFFD1B2E5F8BBFBDDBE08.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laminiceps curiosus Brailovsky & Barrera 2023	<div><p>Laminiceps curiosus sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs. 38, 70)</p> <p>Type locality. French Guiana, Point de Vue du Belvedere. Description. Holotype female. Dorsal coloration. Head black; antennal segments I– III black, IV bicolorous, basal half yellow, apical half black; pronotum black with collar, anterolateral and posterolateral margins and humeral angles shiny red; pronotal disk with bluish reflections; scutellum black with irregular bluish reflections; clavus black with anterior half of outer border shiny red and posterior half black; inner and outer borders of claval commissure dark castaneous; corium black with costal margin shiny red except the posterior border black; hemelytral membrane dark brown; punctures of pronotum, scutellum, clavus and corium with bluish reflections; connexival segments III – IX shiny red; dorsal abdominal segments III –IX black. Ventral coloration. Head black with short dark castaneous orange longitudinal stripe close to inner border of eyes; buccula black with upper margin yellow; rostral segments I– IV reddish brown; pro-, meso- and metasternum shiny black; propleuron shiny black with upper margin shiny red; meso- and metapleuron shiny black; legs entirely shiny black; abdominal sterna III – VII shiny black; pleural abdominal margins III – VII shiny red; gonocoxae black; laterotergites VIII –IX shiny red. Structure. Head. Antennal segment III robust, clavate; rostrum reaching posterior third of mesosternum. Thorax. Pronotum. Trapeziform; anterolateral margins crenulate; humeral angles expanded into a medium-sized spine, directed laterally with short obtuse projections; posterolateral margins finely crenulate; posterior border straight, entire.</p> <p>Description. Holotype female. Dorsal coloration. Head black; antennal segments I– III black, IV bicolorous, basal half yellow, apical half black; pronotum black with collar, anterolateral and posterolateral margins and humeral angles shiny red; pronotal disk with bluish reflections; scutellum black with irregular bluish reflections; clavus black with anterior half of outer border shiny red and posterior half black; inner and outer borders of claval commissure dark castaneous; corium black with costal margin shiny red except the posterior border black; hemelytral membrane dark brown; punctures of pronotum, scutellum, clavus and corium with bluish reflections; connexival segments III – IX shiny red; dorsal abdominal segments III –IX black. Ventral coloration. Head black with short dark castaneous orange longitudinal stripe close to inner border of eyes; buccula black with upper margin yellow; rostral segments I– IV reddish brown; pro-, meso- and metasternum shiny black; propleuron shiny black with upper margin shiny red; meso- and metapleuron shiny black; legs entirely shiny black; abdominal sterna III – VII shiny black; pleural abdominal margins III – VII shiny red; gonocoxae black; laterotergites VIII –IX shiny red. Structure. Head. Antennal segment III robust, clavate; rostrum reaching posterior third of mesosternum. Thorax. Pronotum. Trapeziform; anterolateral margins crenulate; humeral angles expanded into a medium-sized spine, directed laterally with short obtuse projections; posterolateral margins finely crenulate; posterior border straight, entire.</p> <p>Measurements. Female. Body length 21.80; head length 2.17; head width across eyes 3.22; interocular distance 1.24; interocellar distance 0.57; preocular distance 1.11; length antennal segments I 3.84, II 2.79, III 2.17, IV 7.62; length rostral segments I 1.73, II 1.57, III 1.36, IV 1.24; pronotum total length 4.96; maximum width across humeral angles 8.24; scutellum length 2.54, width 2.79.</p> <p>Male. Unknown.</p> <p>Type material. HOLOTYPE female: FRENCH GUIANA: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-53.209446&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=3.622778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -53.209446/lat 3.622778)">Point de Vue du Belvedere de Saül</a>, 250 m, 03°37´22´´N- 53°12´34´´W, 10–xii–2021, S. Brüle &amp; P. H. Dalens (MHNP).</p> <p>Etymology. From the Latin “ curiosus ” meaning inquisitive, odd, strange.</p> <p>Discussion. Differential diagnosis. This species resembling L. bicolor Brailovsky &amp; Barrera (Fig32, 71) in having the antennal segments I–III black and IV bicolorous; abdominal sterna black to reddish brown; anterolateral and posterolateral margins of pronotum, and humeral angles shiny red; pronotal disk trapeziform with humeral angles expanded into a medium-sized spine directed laterally; apex of scutellum black and pronotal disk without shiny red longitudinal stripe. In L. bicolor the pro-, meso- and metapleuron are black to reddish brown with shiny red discoidal spot at each acetabulae; connexival segments III–VII and pleural abdominal segments clearly bicolorous with anterior half black and posterior half yellow; dorsal abdominal segments black and laterally dark red; and the spine of humeral angles acute. In L. curiosus sp. nov., (Figs. 38, 70), pro-, meso- and metapleuron are entirely black to reddish brown; connexival segments III–VII and pleural abdominal margins entirely shiny red; dorsal abdominal segments entirely black; and the spine of humeral angles obtuse. In L. megaera (Burmeister) (Figs. 33–34, 72–73), each acetabulae has a red discoidal spot; apex of scutellum shiny red; pronotal disk has a completely shiny red longitudinal stripe across middle third; and humeral angles are obtuse and rounded.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87E2FF8DFFD1B2E5F8BBFBDDBE08	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brailovsky, Harry;Barrera, Ernesto	Brailovsky, Harry, Barrera, Ernesto (2023): Illustrated key to the species in the genus Laminiceps Costa, 1863 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae: Acanthocephalini), with descriptions of twelve new species. Zootaxa 5352 (2): 177-202, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2
03FE87E2FF8CFFDEB2E5FA0BFCAFB9F5.text	03FE87E2FF8CFFDEB2E5FA0BFCAFB9F5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laminiceps fundatus Brailovsky & Barrera 2023	<div><p>Laminiceps fundatus sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs. 11, 51)</p> <p>Type locality. Trinidad, Port of Spain.</p> <p>Description. Holotype female. Dorsal coloration. Head, juga and antennal segments I–III black, IV missing; tylus yellow; pronotum black with collar, callar area, anterolateral margins, humeral angles and slender longitudinal stripe across midline of pronotal disk from callar region to posterior border yellowish orange; scutellum black with slender yellowish orange longitudinal stripe across midline until apex; clavus black with basal angles, inner margin near scutellum and claval commissure yellowish orange; corium black with basal angle, anterior half of costal margin and apical margin yellow to yellowish orange; hemelytral membrane dark brown; connexival segments III–IX and dorsal abdominal segments III–IX orange. Ventral coloration. Head and buccula yellow; midline of head black; rostral segments I–IV black; pro-, meso- and metasternum yellowish orange; propleuron included the acetabulae yellowish orange with shiny black mark; mesopleuron shiny black with acetabulae and posterior border yellowish orange; metapleuron and acetabulae yellowish orange with shiny black oval spot at upper border; anterior and posterior lobe of metathoracic peritreme yellowish orange; fore and mid legs black to reddish brown (hind leg broken); abdominal sterna III–VII, genital plates and pleural abdominal margins III–VII yellowish orange; rim of abdominal spiracle black. Structure. Head. Antennal segment III uniformly elongate, slender; rostrum reaching posterior margin of mesosternum. Thorax. Pronotum. Trapeziform; anterolateral and posterolateral margins almost smooth; posterior border straight; humeral angles subacute, not exposed.</p> <p>Measurements. Female. Body length 18.16; head length 1.86; head width across eyes 2.68; interocular distance 1.24; interocellar distance 0.49; preocular distance 0.93; length antennal segments I 3.28, II 2.35, III 1.98, IV missing; length rostral segments I 1.42, II 1.55, III 1.30, IV 1.05; pronotum total length 3.96; maximum width across humeral angles 6.38; scutellum length 2.23, width 2.41.</p> <p>Male. Unknown.</p> <p>Type material. HOLOTYPE male: TRINIDAD: Port of Spain, 1–i–1898, Prof. O Bürger (ZIZM).</p> <p>Etymology. From the Latin “fundatus ” meaning firm, grounded.</p> <p>Discussion. Differential diagnosis. Like L. ducalis Stål (Figs. 3, 42) and L. navus here described (Figs. 12, 69) are the only known species with yellow to yellowish orange slender longitudinal stripe across midline of pronotal disk until apex of scutellar disk (in L. navus not reach the apex of scutellar disk that keep black color). In L. ducalis and L. navus the corium have a completely yellow to yellowish transverse fascia absent in L. fundatus sp.nov. (Figs. 11, 51). The fore and mid leg of L. ducalis are bicolorous while on the other species it is entirely black. In L. navus the propleuron, coxae and trochanters are yellow while on L. fundatus the propleuron is yellowish orange with shiny black mark and coxae and trochanters black to reddish brown.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87E2FF8CFFDEB2E5FA0BFCAFB9F5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brailovsky, Harry;Barrera, Ernesto	Brailovsky, Harry, Barrera, Ernesto (2023): Illustrated key to the species in the genus Laminiceps Costa, 1863 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae: Acanthocephalini), with descriptions of twelve new species. Zootaxa 5352 (2): 177-202, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2
03FE87E2FF83FFDEB2E5FC9EFA64BCC1.text	03FE87E2FF83FFDEB2E5FC9EFA64BCC1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laminiceps genuinus Brailovsky & Barrera 2023	<div><p>Laminiceps genuinus sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs. 39, 77)</p> <p>Type locality. Peru, Cusco.</p> <p>Description. Holotype female. Dorsal coloration. Head black with the area near eyes and behind each ocelli dark castaneous orange; antennal segments I–III black, IV bicolorous, yellow with posterior third black; pronotum black with anterolateral and posterolateral margins, humeral angles and slender longitudinal stripe running across midline from inner margin of callus to mid third of posterior border red; scutellum, clavus and corium black; hemelytral membrane dark brown; connexival segments III–IX and dorsal abdominal segments III–IX shiny red. Ventral coloration. Head black with the area near eyes dark castaneous orange; buccula black; rostral segments I–IV reddish brown; pro-, meso- and metasternum reddish brown; propleuron reddish brown with upper margin and two discoidal spots reddish brown, one on the acetabulae, the second near middle third of posterior margin; meso- and metapleuron reddish brown with red discoidal spot on acetabulae; abdominal sterna III–VII reddish brown with dark yellow discoidal spot on each side of midline; pleural abdominal margins III–VII shiny red; gonocoxae I shiny red with outer margin black; laterotergites VIII–IX shiny red. Structure. Head. Antennal segment III uniformly elongate, slender; rostrum reaching anterior border of metasternum. Thorax. Pronotum. Trapeziform; anterolateral margins crenulate; posterolateral margins conspicuously crenulate, each projection broad; posterior border straight; humeral angles conspicuously expanded with the spine apically obtuse.</p> <p>Measurements. Female. Body length 19.46; head length 1.98; head width across eyes 2.60; interocular distance 1.17; interocellar distance 0.49; preocular distance 1.14; length antennal segments I 3.78, II 2.91, III 2.35, IV 6.75; length rostral segments I 1.55, II 1.86, III 1.45, IV 0.93; pronotum total length 4.03; maximum width across humeral angles 7.56; scutellum length 1.98, width 2.41.</p> <p>Male. Unknown.</p> <p>Type material. HOLOTYPE male: PERU: Cusco, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.39935&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-12.894554" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.39935/lat -12.894554)">Estación Biológica Villa Carmen</a>, 522 m, 12.894554° S-71.39935 °W, i–2014, E. Rodriguez (UNAM).</p> <p>Etymology. From the Latin “ genuinus ” meaning natural, native, authentic.</p> <p>Discussion. Differential diagnosis. Resembling L. peruviensis Brailovsky &amp; Barrera (2006) (Figs. 35, 74), by having the antennal segment III slender, antennal segment IV bicolorous, clavus and corium entirely black to reddish brown, pro-, meso- and metapleuron black to reddish brown, and connexival segments III–IX and pleural abdominal margins III–VII entirely shiny red or yellowish orange. In L. geniunus sp. nov., (Figs. 39, 77), the pro-, meso-, and metapleuron has a red discoidal spot above each acetabulae; the abdominal sterna III–VII reddish brown with dark yellow discoidal spot at each side of midline; pronotum black with anterolateral and posterolateral margins, humeral angles, and slender longitudinal stripe across midline reddish; and humeral angles exposed with the spine apically obtuse, while on L. peruviensis the pro-, meso- and metapleuron including the acetabulae are entirely black, abdominal sterna III–VII yellowish orange, pronotum entirely black and humeral angles rounded.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87E2FF83FFDEB2E5FC9EFA64BCC1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Brailovsky, Harry;Barrera, Ernesto	Brailovsky, Harry, Barrera, Ernesto (2023): Illustrated key to the species in the genus Laminiceps Costa, 1863 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae: Acanthocephalini), with descriptions of twelve new species. Zootaxa 5352 (2): 177-202, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.2
