identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
039C35131819FFC218997B8BFECCD600.text	039C35131819FFC218997B8BFECCD600.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Volvariella clavocystidiata Kapitonov & E. F. Malysheva 2022	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Volvariella clavocystidiata Kapitonov &amp; E.F. Malysheva ,  sp. nov. (Fig. 1) </p>
            <p>MycoBank MB 841252</p>
            <p> Diagnosis: —The swamp habitat, silky fibrillose whitish pileus, clavate cheilo- and pleurocystidia, and basidiospores on average 6.6 × 4.8 µm, as well as exclusive the nrITS and nrLSU sequence data, are the key characters for separating  V. clavocystidiata from other species of the genus. </p>
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                 Type: —   RUSSIA. Tyumen Region, Vagayskiy District, vicinity of  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 70.29086/lat 57.16051)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=70.29086&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=57.16051">Rjabovo village</a>
                 , N57,16051°, E70,29086°, lowland swamp, 23 July 2020, V  .   Kapitonov 313639 (holotype LE!, GenBank OK256901 - ITS and OK256955 - LSU)  . 
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            <p>Etymology: —The name refers to the shape of hymenial cystidia.</p>
            <p>Basidiocarps small. Pileus 15–22 mm diam., at first hemispherical, then convex to plano-convex or plano-umbonate with low broad umbo, with serrate-sulcate margin, non-hygrophanous, surface not viscid, silky fibrillose, whitish or silvery-white, with yellowish or cream centre. Lamellae subcrowded, free, slightly ventricose, initially whitish then pink, edge even, entire concolorous. Stipe 25–35 × 1.5–5.0 mm, cylindrical, somewhat broadening towards base, smooth or slightly pruinose, whitish. Context in pileus and stipe white. Volva well developed, not voluminous (up to 7 mm high), saccate, lobate, felt-membranous, white or cream. Smell and taste indistinct.</p>
            <p>Basidiospores 6.0–6.9(8.2) × (4.1)4.4–5.4 µm, av. = 6.6 × 4.8 µm, Q = (1.17)1.26–1.49(1.60), Q av = 1.37 (n=120), ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid or ovoid, smooth, thick-walled. Basidia 24.0–41.0 × 7.0–11.3 µm, av. = 30.6 × 8.8 µm (n = 60), (2-) 4-spored, narrowly to broadly clavate, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia (30.6)34.7–52.3(63.6) × (11.3)14.0– 23.5(33.3) µm, av. = 44.1 × 18.6 µm (n = 60), numerous, narrowly to broadly clavate or broadly utriform, slightly thick-walled. Pleurocystidia (40.0)44.0–65.0(73.7) × (14.0)15.6–38.2(41.7) µm, av. = 53.0 × 25.3 µm (n = 60), rather numerous, similar to cheilocystidia in shape. Pileipellis a cutis, consisting of septate and elongate, non-gelatinous, slightly thick-walled hyphae 8–15 μm wide, with terminal cylindrical elements up to 23 μm wide. Stipitipellis a cutis, composed of long, cylindrical, hyaline hyphae, 10–16 µm wide. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp connections absent in all tissues examined.</p>
            <p> Habitat and known distribution: —Growing solitary in waterlogged soil among green mosses and decaying remains of herbaceous plants, in lowland bog (with  Carex and  Equisetum ). So far known only from type locality. </p>
            <p> The basidiocarps were found in a rather unusual ecotope for the  Volvariella , viz. a lowland minerotrophic sedgehorsetail-moss bog with  Equisetum fluviatile L. and  Carex rostrata Stokes dominating in the grass layer. The moss cover is dominated by  Drepanocladus aduncus (Hedw.) Warnst. and  Plagiomnium ellipticum (Brid.) T. Kop. The sparse tree-shrub layer is formed by individual trees of  Betula pubescens Ehrh. and  Salix pentandra L., as well as shrub willows (  Salix cinerea L.). </p>
            <p>Specimen examined: — Holotype.</p>
            <p> Notes: —  Volvariella clavocystidiata is characterized by its small basidiocarps with silvery-white, silky fibrillose pileus, whitish volva, predominantly clavate hymenial cystidia, and swamp habitat.  Volvariella hypopithys (Fr.) Shaffer (1957: 572) differs in the generally larger basidiocarps, entirely pubescent stipe, fibrillose-hairy pileus and slightly narrower basidiospores (3.5–5.0 µm following Boekhout 1990). The new species also resembles  Volvariella pusilla (Pers.) Singer (1951: 401) based on macroscopic characters but the latter differs in longer (45–85 µm) fusiformlageniform hymenial cystidia (Boekhout 1990). Another morphologically similar species,  Volvariella paludosa Kapitonov &amp; E.F. Malysheva (2020: 455) , can be distinguished by its larger basidiocarps with pileus 40–70 mm, larger basidiospores (7.6–9.7 × 4.9–6.7 μm) and lageniform cheilocystidia (Crous et al. 2020). </p>
            <p> Two North American species,  V. alachuana (Murrill 1942: 145) Shaffer (1957: 568) and  V. smithii (Shaffer 1957: 568) , are also characterized by silky fibrillose whitish pileus and white or pale-coloured volva. However, they differ in their ecological preferences (both occur in woods),  V. alachuana has variable hymenial cystidia (lanceoloid, dumbbellshaped), and  V. smithii has smaller spores (4.7–7.0 × 3.1–3.9 μm) and fusoid pleurocystidia with acute apex (Shaffer 1957). </p>
            <p> In the phylogenetic tree based on nrITS and nrLSU sequences (Fig.2), the phylogenetic position of  V.clavocystidiata was clearly separated from other known species of  Volvariella ; it clustered with the sequence of  Volvariella sp. KR349630 from India but without any statistical support. In addition, the latter collection is likely to represent a different species due to large molecular differences between them (with percentage of genetic divergence in their nrITS sequences&gt;15 %). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039C35131819FFC218997B8BFECCD600	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Malysheva, Ekaterina;Kapitonov, Vladimir;Malysheva, Vera	Malysheva, Ekaterina, Kapitonov, Vladimir, Malysheva, Vera (2022): A new species of Volvariella (Pluteaceae, Basidiomycota) from Western Siberia, Russia. Phytotaxa 538 (2): 141-148, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.538.2.6
