taxonID	type	description	language	source
191E87DEFF92FF8BD58F892EFB96F9F1.taxon	materials_examined	Occurrence and conservation status: Nat, LC.	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB0FFA9D58F8944FEADF9F4.taxon	materials_examined	New record for the San Carlos River basin; previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to the Tárcoles River basin. New elevational record (29 m. a. s. l.); previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to 100 – 1779 m. a. s. l. Basis of the record: One specimen was captured in the río San Carlos, Santa Rita, Pital, San Carlos, Alajuela (10.70005, - 84.19132), at 29 m. a. s. l., on June 2, 2019, by Oscar Sandoval.	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFBBFFA2D58F8EE0FF4AFBA4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: This species differs from the other species of the family occurring in the freshwaters of the country (Pacific) by the following combination of characters: body very elongate (depth 9.0 – 14.0 % of SL), compressed and eel-like; head small (5.0 – 8.0 % of SL); dorsal fin long, with seven flexible spines and 14 – 15 rays; anal fin rays 15; caudal fin long, pointed and broadly joined to dorsal and anal fins; and coloration pattern (see Robertson & Allen 2015).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFBBFFA2D58F8EE0FF4AFBA4.taxon	materials_examined	Basis of the record: A single specimen was observed and recorded in photo in the Quebrada Bomba Vieja (Barranca River basin), near the mouth of the río Barranca, El Roble, Puntarenas (9.96228, - 84.73493), at 6 m. a. s. l., on January 6, 2021, by Beto Guido Méndez (Bird watcher guide / Naturalist).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFBBFFA2D58F88B1FE2AF938.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: This exotic species differs from other congeners as well as related species of the Hypostominae (Loricariidae) occurring in Middle American freshwaters by the following combination of characters: jaws long, with dentaries approaching a 180 ° angle; teeth villiform and numerous (> 60); hypertrophied odontodes on evertible plates on the cheek absents; dorsal fin elements II, 7; and coloration pattern (greyish blue to greyish brown with several black spots on the body, fins and abdomen). See Matamoros et al. (2016) for a detailed comparative analysis.	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFBBFFA2D58F88B1FE2AF938.taxon	materials_examined	Basis of the record: Several captures have been recently (2013 – 2021) reported by artisanal and sport anglers in the lower and middle portions (0 – 110 m. a. s. l.) of the Lago de Nicaragua, Río Frío, San Juan, San Carlos, Sarapiquí, Tortuguero, Parismina (Atlantic), Nicoya, Tempisque, Bebedero and Barranca (Pacific) River basins.	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFBBFFADD58F8B14FBBBFE74.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: This species differs from the other species of the family occurring in the freshwaters of the country (Atlantic) by the following combination of characters: absence of blue iridescent lines or spots below the eye [vs. present in Lutjanus analis (Cuvier, 1828) and Lutjanus griseus (Linnaeus, 1758)]; absence of a black blotch on lateral line (vs. present in L. analis); lateral line scales 47 – 51 (vs. 43 – 47 in L. griseus); gill rakers on the lower gill arch 14 – 16 [vs. 12 – 14 in the other species); profile of anal fin angulate, with the middle rays prolonged [vs. rounded, without the middle rays prolonged in L. griseus and Lutjanus jocu (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)]; and juveniles with a dark oblique stripe from snout through eye to top corner of operculum (not present in the other species).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFBBFFADD58F8B14FBBBFE74.taxon	materials_examined	Basis of the record: Three specimens were captured in the Matina River basin. Two in the Quebrada Hone Creek / río Carbón, Talamanca, Limón (9.67153, - 82.79047), at 12 m. a. s. l., on October 6, 2007, by Maribel Mafla et al. (UCR 2751 - 001). Another specimen was captured in the río Moín, at the Puerto Fluvial JAPDEVA, Limón (09.99745, - 83.08077), at 7 m. a. s. l., on December 14, 2006, by Karina Rodríguez (UCR 2761 - 003).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB4FFADD58F8DC0FCDDFC58.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: This species differs from other congeneric species of the family occurring in the freshwaters of the country (Atlantic) by the following combination of characters: pectoral fin length 77.0 – 80.0 % of HL (vs. 66.0 – 74.0 % of HL in Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758); vertical scale rows on sides 42 – 45 (vs. 38 – 42 in M. cephalus and 36 – 39 in Mugil curema Valenciennes, 1836); anal fin rays 9 (vs. 8 in M. cephalus); and sides of the body without lines or stripes (vs. 6 – 10 brownish stripes on the sides in M. cephalus).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB4FFADD58F8DC0FCDDFC58.taxon	materials_examined	Basis of the record: Twelve specimens were captured in the Tortuguero and Parismina River basins. Eleven specimens were captured in Barra del Colorado, in a lagoon near the mouth of the river, Pococí, Limón (10.77500, - 83.58879), at 0 m. a. s. l., on January 9, 1967, by William Bussing et al. (UCR 1067 - 010). An additional specimen was captured in the río Pacuare, near the mouth of the river, Siquirres, Limón (10.219424, - 83.284898), at 8 m. a. s. l., on July 22, 2004, by Jorge Picado (UCR 2835 - 005).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB4FFADD58F8FB4FBBBFAD4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: This species differs from other congeneric species of the family occurring in the freshwaters of the country (Atlantic) by the following combination of characters: upper jaw with a single row of small teeth [vs. with a band of small teeth in Oligoplites palometa (Cuvier, 1832) and two distinct rows of small teeth in Oligoplites saurus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801]; lower jaw expanded (vs. not expanded in O. palometa and O. saurus); lower gill rakers 17 – 20 (vs. 11 – 14 in O. palometa and 13 – 16 in O. saurus); and first dorsal fin with four spines (vs. 5 in O. saurus).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB4FFADD58F8FB4FBBBFAD4.taxon	materials_examined	Basis of the record: A single specimen was collected in the Caño Palma, near the Caño Palma Biological Station, Pococí, Limón (10.59387, - 83.52731), at 11 m. a. s. l., on February 22, 2019, by Nathan Lovejoy et al. (UCR 3311 - 001).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB4FFADD58F8920FBC4F938.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: This exotic species differs from the other species of the family occurring in the freshwaters of the country by having three anal spines [vs. four or more in the other species, except Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Andinoacara coeruleopunctatus (Kner, 1863)]. From these, it differs by the following combination of characters: absence of iridiscent light blue-green spots and lines on the head and the anterior portion of the body (vs. present in A. coeruleopunctatus); gill-rakers 18 – 26 (vs. 9 – 12 in A. coeruleopunctatus and 27 – 33 in O. niloticus); dorsal fin spines 15 – 16 (vs. 13 – 14 in A. coeruleopunctatus and 16 – 18 in O. niloticus); absence of dark vertical stripes on the caudal fin (vs. present in O. niloticus).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB4FFADD58F8920FBC4F938.taxon	materials_examined	Basis of the record: A single specimen was collected in the río Pacuar (Térraba River basin), 4 km SE of San Isidro del General, under bridge on road San Isidro-Dominical, San José (09.35264, - 83.72790), at 619 m. a. s. l., on March 25, 2013 by Carlos Garita (UCR 3018 - 001).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB4FFACD58F8B14FB3CFEC4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: This exotic species differs from the native species of the Siluriformes by the following combination of characters: body long, latterly flattened with no scales; head relatively small; two pairs of anterior barbels, the upper shorter than the lower; mouth broad with small sharp teeth on jaw, vornerine and palatal bones; eyes relatively large; gill rakers normally developed; fins dark grey or black; dorsal-fin rays 6; and body color uniformly grey but sometimes with greenish tint and sides silvery (juveniles with a black stripe along lateral line and another long black stripe below lateral line).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB4FFACD58F8B14FB3CFEC4.taxon	materials_examined	Basis of the record: A single specimen was collected near the laguna San Sebastian, Caño Negro, Alajuela (10.86306, - 84.78078), at 41 m. a. s. l., on September 29, 2021, by Bryan Castro and Jader Urbina.	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB5FFACD58F8D50FC9EFCCC.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: This species differs from the other species of the family occurring in the freshwaters of the country (Pacific) by the following combination of characters: pectoral fins very long, exceeding the end of the pelvic fins and reaching the level of the anus [vs. pectoral fins short, not reaching the end of the pelvic fins in Pomadasys empherus Bussing, 1993 and Rhonciscus bayanus (Jordan & Evermann, 1898)]; lateral line scales 41 – 46 [vs. 50 – 54 in Haemulopsis leuciscus (Günther, 1864), 47 – 51 in Pomadasys branickii (Steindachner, 1879) and 50 – 51 in R. bayanus); dorsal fin rays 13 (vs. 14 in H. leuciscus and 11 – 12 in P. branickii, P. empherus and R. bayanus); and second anal spine longer and thicker than the third anal spine (vs. second anal spine shorter and thinner than the third anal spine in H. leuciscus).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB5FFACD58F8D50FC9EFCCC.taxon	materials_examined	Basis of the record: Three specimens were captured in the río Lagarto, Chomes, Puntarenas (10.08320, - 84.92064), at 15 m. a. s. l., on September 1, 1979, by William Bussing et al. (UCR 1268 - 025).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB5FFACD58F8F58FECCFB78.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: This species differs from the other species of the family occurring in the freshwaters of the country by the following combination of characters: body elongated, compressed and fusiform (vs. moderately elongated and compressed in Halichoeres spp.); dorsal fin spines 8 (vs. 9 in Halichoeres spp.); dorsal fin rays 13 (vs. 11 in Halichoeres spp.); lateral line pored scales 26 (vs. 27 in Halichoeres spp.); and coloration pattern (see Robertson & Van Tassell 2019).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB5FFACD58F8F58FECCFB78.taxon	materials_examined	Basis of the record: A single specimen was captured in the quebrada Cocles (Matina River basin), 2.5 km SE of Puerto Viejo, near the bridge on El Tucán-Cocles road, Limón (9.64221, - 82.73588), at 22 m. a. s. l., on August 20, 2020, by Walter Carranza.	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB5FFACD58F88D4FAD6F938.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: This species differs from the other species of the family occurring in freshwaters of the country (Pacific side) by the following combination of characters: absence of interbranchial foramen (vs. present in Achirus spp.); pectoral fin usually absent [vs. usually present in Trinectes fonsecensis (Günther, 1862)]; lateral line scales 90 – 98 (vs. 73 – 76 in T. fonsecensis); caudal vertebrae 21 (vs. 19 – 20 in T. fonsecensis); anal fin rays 43 – 46 [vs. 35 – 38 in Trinectes fimbriatus (Günther, 1862)]; and coloration pattern (see Krupp 1995, Robertson & Allen 2015).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB5FFACD58F88D4FAD6F938.taxon	materials_examined	Basis of the record: Three specimens were captured in the Barranca and Coto River basins. One in the río Lagarto, near Punta Morales, Chomes, Puntarenas (10.08569, - 84.92540), at 28 m. a. s. l., on January 25, 2021, by Arturo Angulo (UCR 3318 - 001). Another specimen was captured in río Sábalo, 2.5 Km E of Playa Zancudo (Coto River basin), on the Sabalos-Playa Zancudo road, Puntarenas (8.49517, - 83.10448), at 15 m. a. s. l., on March 28, 2021. The third specimen was captured in the quebrada Cocal Amarillo (Coto River basin), 5 Km N of Pavones, on the Puerto Pilón-Pavones road, Puntarenas (8.43643, - 83.09660), at 26 m. a. s. l., on March 30, 2021; both by Arturo Angulo, Jorge San Gil, Alejandro Oviedo and Juan Ignacio Abarca.	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB0FFA9D58F8C8CFE9DFE74.taxon	materials_examined	New record for the Matina River basin; previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to the Sixaola River basin. New elevational record (13 m. a. s. l.); previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to 40 – 150 m. a. s. l. Basis of the record: Two specimens were captured in the río Estrella, Valle La Estrella, Limón (9.77552, - 82.93240), at 13 m. a. s. l., on April 6, 2014, by Arturo Angulo. Additional captures have been reported northwest in the Bananito river, Limón (H. van Heusden & J. San Gil 2021, pers. Comm.).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFBAFFA2D58F8B15FDACFF20.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: This species differs from the other species of the family occurring in the freshwaters of the country (Atlantic) by the following combination of characters: gill rakers very numerous, over 100 on lower limb of first gill arch (vs. usually less than 25 in the other species); and maxilla long, with its posterior tip reaching to or slightly beyond the preopercular margin (vs. maxilla short, with its tip not reaching the preopercular margin).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFBAFFA2D58F8B15FDACFF20.taxon	materials_examined	Basis of the record: A single specimen was captured in the río Pacuare, near the mouth of the river, Siquirres, Limón (10.21952, - 83.28254), at 8 m. a. s. l., on November 17, 2004, by Jorge Picado (UCR 2840 - 005).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFBBFFA2D58F8D3CFC7FFD14.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: This exotic species can be easily identified from the species of the order occurring in the freshwaters of the country by the presence of rays in the adipose fin (vs. no rays in the adipose fin in the other Characiformes), body shape (robust and oval, with the predorsal profile strongly rounded to concave), color (usually coppery gold in the upper half, dark black in the lower and posterior half and pinkish or reddish in the lower and anterior half) and size (reaching about 1 m total length).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFBBFFA2D58F8D3CFC7FFD14.taxon	materials_examined	Basis of the record: Several captures have been recently (2017 – 2021) reported by artisanal and sport anglers in the lower and middle portions (1 – 40 m. a. s. l.) of the Tempisque and Bebedero rivers in the north Pacific region of the country. Additional verified records came from the San Carlos River in the north (Atlantic) region of the country.	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB0FFA9D58F8A40FCC0F860.taxon	materials_examined	New record for the Río Frío River basin; previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to the San Carlos and Bebedero River basins. New elevational record (731 m. a. s. l.); previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to 525 – 695 m. a. s. l. Basis of the record: Two specimens were captured in an unnamed stream on the Bijagua-Zapote-El Higuerón road, Bijagua, Upala, Alajuela (10.76306, - 85.06727), at 541 m. a. s. l., on May 1, 2021, by Jorge San Gil, Susana Gutiérrez, Pablo Morales, Derick Herrera and Arturo Angulo; additional specimens were captured on the Parque Nacional Volcán Tenorio (10.71147, - 84.98826, at 674 m. a. s. l, and 10.70378, - 84.99076, at 731 m. a. s. l; one and four, respectively) on the same date and by the same collectors (plus the park ranger Isaac López — SINAC) as above.	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB2FFABD58F8C8CFE19FEBC.taxon	materials_examined	New elevational record (2 m. a. s. l.); previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to 12 – 100 m. a. s. l. Basis of the record: Four specimens were captured in the Quebrada Honda, Pavones, Golfito, Puntarenas (8.42294, - 83.10574), 2 m. a. s. l., on March 30, 2021, by Arturo Angulo, Jorge San Gil, Alejandro Oviedo and Juan Ignacio Abarca.	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB0FFA9D58F8F04FDB5FC10.taxon	materials_examined	New elevational record (1486 m. a. s. l.); previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to 10 – 900 m. a. s. l. Basis of the record: Forty-four specimens were captured in an unnamed pound in the Reserva Biológica Monteverde, Altos de San Luis, Monteverde, Puntarenas (10.31667, - 84.80932), at 1486 m. a. s. l., on July 6, 2019, by Arturo Angulo.	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB0FFA9D58F8FEDFD34FAE8.taxon	materials_examined	New record for the Bebedero River basin; previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to Atlantic drainages. Basis of the record: Eight specimens were captured in the río Corobicí, near Palmira, Cañas, Guanacaste (10.55285, - 85.09607), at 208 m. a. s. l., on May 2, 2021, by Jorge San Gil and Arturo Angulo; an additional specimen was captured in an artificial (irrigation) canal (Canal Oeste) on the Cañas-Upala road, Cañas, Guanacaste (10.47837, - 85.13624), at 60 m. a. s. l., on May 2, 2021, by Pablo Morales, Jorge San Gil, Susana Gutiérrez and Arturo Angulo. Additional records on the region (including the Bebedero and Corobicí Rivers) were confirmed by artisanal and sport anglers.	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB2FFABD58F8AA7FAA9F82F.taxon	materials_examined	New record for the Nicoya, Tempisque, Bebedero and Barranca River basins; previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to the Parismina River basin. New elevational record (0 m. a. s. l.); previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to 20 – 110 m. a. s. l. Basis of the record: A single specimen was captured in the Isla Chira, on the Golfo de Nicoya, Puntarenas Costa Rica (10.10398, - 85.11878), at 0 m. a. s. l., on November 6, 2020, by Jose Matarrita (UTN); this continental island is located in the area of influence of four Pacific drainages (Nicoya, Tempisque, Bebedero and Barranca). Additional records in the region (including the Bebedero and Tempisque rivers) were confirmed by artisanal and sport anglers.	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB2FFABD58F8ECAFEF7FC46.taxon	materials_examined	New record for the Tortuguero River basin; previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to the Martina River basin. Basis of the record: A single specimen was captured in the río Tortuguero, in the Parque Nacional Tortuguero, Limón (10.58527, - 83.52335), at 1 m. a. s. l., on June 6, 1985, by Kirk Winemiller (UCR 1790 - 007).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB3FFAAD58F8C8DFB74FEBC.taxon	materials_examined	New record for the Coto River basin; previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to the Barranca and Térraba River basins. Basis of the record: Three specimens were captured in the río Sábalo, 2.5 Km E of Playa Zancudo, on the Sabalos-Playa Zancudo road, Puntarenas (8.49517, - 83.10448), at 15 m. a. s. l., on March 28, 2021, by Arturo Angulo, Jorge San Gil, Alejandro Oviedo and Juan Ignacio Abarca.	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB2FFABD58F88DFFD08FA4B.taxon	materials_examined	New record for the Nicoya River basin; previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to the Tárcoles, Pirrís and Térraba River basins. Basis of the record: A single specimen was captured in the río Ora, 2 Km E of Puerto Carrillo, on the Puerto Carrillo-Estrada road, Guanacaste (9.87353, - 85.45638), at 8 m. a. s. l., on August 31, 2019, by Jorge San Gil.	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB2FFABD58F89DBFF43F957.taxon	materials_examined	New record for the Sixaola River basin; previous records of the species in Costa Rican (Atlantic) freshwaters were restricted to the Lago de Nicaragua, Río Frío, San Juan, San Carlos and Tortuguero River basins. Basis of the record: Personal communication of William (Bill) McLarney (Association ANAI), based on observations made between 1980 and 1990 in the Sixaola River basin lowlands and data published by Valerio-Vargas & Espinoza (2019).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB3FFAAD58F8F90FD07FB1C.taxon	materials_examined	New record for the Rio Frío and San Juan River basins; previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to the Tortuguero, Parismina, Matina and Sixaola River basins. New elevational record (40 m. a. s. l.); previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to 0 – 5 m. a. s. l. Basis of the record: One specimen was captured in the Laguna Charco Verde, on the Humedal Caño Negro, Los Chiles, Alajuela (10.89350, - 84.77277), at 40 m. a. s. l., on June 20, 2021, by Fausto Árias and Alexandre Tisseaux; a second specimen was captured the río San Juan, at Las Chorreras, Cutris de San Carlos, Alajuela, (10.91566, - 84.30626), at 30 m. a. s. l., on June 24, 2021, by Freylan Mena.	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB2FFABD58F8FD3FE5CFB4E.taxon	materials_examined	New record for the Barranca River basin; previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to the Tárcoles, Pirrís, Térraba and Coto River basins. Basis of the record: A single specimen was captured in the río Lagarto, Chomes, Puntarenas (10.08320, - 84.92064), at 15 m. a. s. l., on September 1, 1979, by William Bussing et al (UCR 1268 - 018).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB3FFAAD58F8D88FBEFFDB8.taxon	materials_examined	New elevational record (731 m. a. s. l.); previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to 0 – 540 m. a. s. l. Basis of the record: Six specimens were captured in the río Buena Vista (Celeste) on the Parque Nacional Volcán Tenorio, Upala, Alajuela (10.70378, - 84.99076), at 731 m. a. s. l, on May 1, 2021, by Isaac López, Jorge San Gil, Susana Gutiérrez, Pablo Morales, Derick Herrera and Arturo Angulo.	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFAFFFB6D58F89FFFAC4F90E.taxon	materials_examined	Pacific Ladyfish, Pacific Machete; Machete del Pacífico Oriental, Pez Torpedo, Macabi, Malacho.	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB2FFABD58F8D88FE36FD70.taxon	materials_examined	New record for the San Carlos, Sarapiquí, Tortuguero and Bebedero River basins; previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to the Tárcoles River basin. New elevational record (1 m. a. s. l.); previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to 112 – 1516 m. a. s. l. Basis of the record: One specimen was captured in the Laguna Jalova, Barra del Parismina, Pococí, Limón (10.34266, - 83.39668), at 1 m. a. s. l., on August 24, 2021, by Jorge Leiva (Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad — ICE); additional specimens have been reported by artisanal anglers in natural pounds and small to large rivers on the San Carlos, Sarapiquí and Bebedero River basins.	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB3FFAAD58F8E94FBEBFC84.taxon	materials_examined	New record for the Coto River basin; previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to the Barranca River basin. Basis of the record: A single specimen was captured in the Quebrada Cocal Amarillo, 5 km N of Pavones, on the Puerto Pilón-Pavones road, Puntarenas (8.43643, - 83.0966), at 26 m. a. s. l., on March 30, 2021, by Arturo Angulo, Jorge San Gil, Alejandro Oviedo and Juan Ignacio Abarca.	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB6FFAFD58F8B14FD15F807.taxon	materials_examined	New record for the Matina River basin; previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to the Tortuguero and Parismina River basins. New elevational record (7 m. a. s. l.); previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to 0 – 3 m. a. s. l. Basis of the record: Three specimens were captured in the río Moín, at the Puerto Fluvial JAPDEVA, Limón (09.99745, - 83.08077), at 7 m. a. s. l., on December 14, 2006, by Karina Rodríguez (UCR 2761 - 003).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFBAFFA3D58F889DFBBBF939.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: This species differs from the other species of the family occurring in the freshwaters of the country by the following combination of characters: teeth pointed, conical, without second cusp on premaxillary and mandibular teeth of the 1 st series; lips thick and large, the lower lip continuous, without a frenum (see Bussing 1998); cheek scale series 4 – 5 (see Říčan et al. 2016); dorsal fin spines 16 – 17; and anal fin spines 6 – 7. Furthermore, A. labiatus differs from the closely related Amphilophus citrinellus (Günther, 1864) by having a larger (37.8 – 39.5 % of Standard Length – SL; vs. 35.0 – 35.6 % of SL) and thinner (Head Depth – HD = 79.9 – 90.9 % of Head Length – HL; vs. HD = 111.5 – 118.9 of HL) head and a larger (42.8 – 43.4 % of HL; vs. 40.4 – 41.9 % of HL) snout. See Stauffer & McKaye (2002) for a detailed comparative analysis.	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFBAFFA3D58F889DFBBBF939.taxon	materials_examined	Basis of the record: A single specimen was captured in the río San Juan, San Carlos, Alajuela (ca 10.89057, - 84.26540), at ca 26 m. a. s. l., in November 2020, by an anonymous angler. Additional specimens, identified as A. labiatus, are deposited at the fish collection of the UCR (0122 - 014, 0240 - 001, 0429 - 002 and 0804 - 005).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB5FFAFD58F8B14FEEAFEC4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: This species can be easily identified from the other species of the family occurring in the freshwaters of the country (Pacific side) by the coloration pattern [eye-side brown, with faint, thin dark crossbars and dots; dorsal and anal fins dark brown; caudal fin light yellow; blind-side light grey-brown (anterior half) to dark grey-brown (posterior half); see Krupp (1995) and Robertson & Allen (2015)].	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB5FFAFD58F8B14FEEAFEC4.taxon	materials_examined	Basis of the record: Thirty-two specimens were captured in the río Tempisque (Tempisque River basin), at Puerto Humo, Guanacaste (10.31653, - 85.35365), at 9 m. a. s. l., on January 25, 1976, by William Bussing et al. (UCR 0970 - 005).	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
191E87DEFFB0FFA9D58F8DC0FC3AFD28.taxon	materials_examined	New record for the Bebedero River basin; previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to Atlantic drainages. New elevational record (43 m. a. s. l.); previous records of the species in Costa Rican freshwaters were restricted to 0 – 12 m. a. s. l. Basis of the record: One specimen was captured in the río Bebedero, near Paso Real, Cañas, Guanacaste (10.43318, - 85.15697), at 32 m. a. s. l., on August 7, 2021, by Luis Bolivar Montero-Chacón. Additional specimens (3) were captured in Buena Vista, Guatuso, Alajuela (10.76171, - 84.78497), at 43 m. a. s. l., on June 20, 2020, by Arturo Angulo et al.	en	Angulo, Arturo (2021): New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist. Zootaxa 5083 (1): 1-72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1
