identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
421C87A6C552A264DEF6FDDBFD67FB9C.text	421C87A6C552A264DEF6FDDBFD67FB9C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Salvia dugesiana Epling 1939	<div><p>Salvia dugesiana Epling (1939: 343)</p><p>Type:—   MEXICO. Guanajuato. Montagnes pierreuses, 1894, A.  Dugès 226 (lectotype GH (barcode 00001614); here designated)  .</p><p>Perennial herb to subshrub, 0.6–1.5 m tall; stem densely pilose and covered with light amber glandular dots, also with some glandular-capitate hairs along young branches. Leaves with petiole (1.4–) 2.5–5 cm long, pubescent as the stems; leaf blade ovate to ovate-lanceolate, (4.4–)8–14 × (2.1–) 4–8.3 cm, apex acute, base short cuneate to oblique, margin crenate to serrate, sparsely pilose above, moderately pilose beneath with the hairs mainly along the veins, and with translucent amber glandular dots. Inflorescence in racemes 7.8–17(–27) cm long, with 3–8(–10) floral nodes, each one (4–)6–12(–18)-flowered, the lowermost 2.2–2.7 cm apart from each other; flora axis densely covered with pilose and glandular-capitate hairs, puberulent and with light amber glandular dots. Floral bracts deciduous, usually red, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 3.7–10 × 1.7–6 mm, apex caudate, base truncate, margin entire, outer surface pilose and covered with light amber glandular dots; occasionally the lowermost floral bracts seem to be reduced leaves, reaching 13–22 × (6.2–) 9–12 mm, and with serrate margin in the lower half portion. Flowers with pedicel 6.2–10 mm long, hirtellous with glandular-capitate hairs. Calyx red, hirtellous with glandular-capitate hairs and covered with amber glandular dots, internally short hispidulous with antrorse hairs, 10–16 × 3.8–5.2(–7) mm, lips acuminate and then long caudate, upper one 7-veined and entire. Corolla red, short pilose and with some tiny glandular-capitate hairs in the lips, tube 20–26 × 6.3–8.7 mm, slightly ventricose, not invaginated near the base and internally epapillate; upper lip 7–10.3 mm long; lower lip 6–11 × 5–8 mm, incurve-concave. Stamens included; filament 3–5 mm long; connective 17–22 mm long, ornated with a ventral cleft with short acute teeth at its extremes; theca 3.2–3.5 mm long; staminodes filiform, 0.9–1 mm long, placed above and behind filament insertion in corolla basal third. Gynobasic horn 1.3–2.6 mm long; style 24–36(–40) mm long, scarcely short pilose, upper stigmatic branch arcuate and longer, the lower one acute at the apex. Immature mericarp ovoid, 3–4 × 1.8–2 mm, mature ones not seen.</p><p>Phenology:— The plant was found in full bloom in mid-August and with immature fruits, so it is very probable that blooming extends from late June to at least late November; and fruits should be maturing from late August to November as well.</p><p>Distribution, habitat and ecology:—  Salvia dugesiana is known exclusively from the locality near Cueva de Santa Regina in Huanímaro, southwestern Guanajuato, very close to the boundaries with Michoacan state (Fig. 1). It inhabits in shady ravines with tropical deciduous forest with the trees  Agonandra racemosa (de Candolle 1825: 41) Standley (1920: 506) and  Heliocarpus terebenthinaceus (de Candolle 1813: 114) Hochreutiner (1914: 125) as dominant, and  Euphorbia tanquahuete Sessé &amp; Mociño (1894: 122) and  Ipomoea murucoides Roemer &amp; Schultes (1819: 248) at the upper edges of the ravine. It shares habitat also with the herbs and shrubs  Dioscorea Linnaeus (1753: 1032) sp.,  Euphorbia graminea Jacquin (1763: 151),  Jaltomata procumbens (Cavanilles 1791: 53) Gentry (1973: 287),  Justicia candicans (Nees 1847: 396) Benson in Benson &amp; Darrow (1981: 218),  J. caudata Gray (1886: 405) and  Schizocarpum parviflorum Robinson &amp; Greenman (1894: 386) .</p><p>Etymology:— The species was name in honor of its first collector, Alfred Dugès. The prolific field work done by Dugès is recognized by a total of 55 species dedicated to him, including fungi, plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates (Ríos-Muñoz et al. 2018). There are still 10 flowering plants species retaining the epithets dugesii or  dugesiana in their accepted names, and the monotypic genus  Dugesia Gray (1882: 215) of the  Asteraceae .</p><p>Additional specimens examined:—  MEXICO. Guanajuato. Guanajuato, 1880, A. Dugès s.n. (GH!);   mpio. Huanímaro, Cueva de Santa Regina, cañada junto a la vereda de ascenso, 1.7–1.8 km al N de <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-101.50367&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.383167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -101.50367/lat 20.383167)">Huanímaro</a>, 20º22.99’N 101º30.22’W, 1830 m, 30 August 2023, J. G. González-Gallegos, B. Y. Bedolla-García, L. Ruacho-González, J. Noriega-Villa, M. H. Sandoval-Ortega &amp; S. Ruiz 2926 (CIIDIR!, IBUG!, IEB!, MEXU!, XAL!)  .</p><p>Discussion:—  Salvia dugesiana was originally placed in  Salvia sect. Secundae (Bentham 1848: 331) Epling (1939: 342), a group made up of South American species (except  S. dugesiana). Epling (1939) pointed out that the assignment was provisional until more material with mature corollas could be observed, and indeed, the current examination of floral characters reveals a better match with sect. Holwaya Ramamoorthy (1984: 323), equivalent partially to the Mexican species recognized by Epling as part of sect.  Nobiles (Bentham 1848: 328) Epling (1939: 280).  Salvia sect. Holwaya was coined to embrace the Mexican species previously placed in sect.  Cardinales Epling (1939: 295) but left out of this when Ramamoorthy (1984) synonymized the type species,  S. cardinalis Kunth (1817: 301), with  S. fulgens Cavanilles (1791: 15), which is the type of sect. Fulgentes Epling (1939: 273); hence, merging both sections into one, but leaving the former species of sect.  Cardinales, not morphologically cohesive with  S. cardinalis, out. The new section suffered an additional arrangement due to the transfer of the Mexican species formerly in sect.  Nobiles by dos Santos (1991), who justified it supported on morphological evidence to circumscribe the section only to South American species.</p><p>According to the current delimitation of the section and based on the combination of characters of the former section  Cardinales and Mexican species of  Nobiles,  Salvia sect. Holwaya includes herbs and suffrutescent herbs, with simple or branched hairs, ovate leaves, acuminate at apex, mostly rounded to cordate/subcordate at base, floral axis with many flowers, bracts early deciduous, large, 5 or 7-veined upper calyx lip, brightly red, pink to magenta colored, showy red corolla, tube papillate or epapillate near the base, frequently invaginate and ventricose, stamens included, connective ornated with a tooth, and pilose style (Epling 1939, Ramamoorthy 1984, González-Gallegos &amp; Aguilar-Santelises, Bedolla-García &amp; Zamudio 2017). It is currently made up of 10 species:  S. adenophora Fernald (1900: 538),  S. disjuncta Fernald (1900: 533),  S. gesneriiflora Lindley &amp; Paxton (1853: 49),  S. guevarae Bedolla &amp; Zamudio (2017: 6),  S. holwayi Blake (1920: 113),  S. karwinskii Bentham (1833: 725),  S. involucrata Cavanilles (1793: 3),  S. stolonifera Bentham (1840: 70),  S. wagneriana Polakowski (1875: 591),  S. tilantongensis González-Gallegos &amp; Aguilar-Santelises (2014: 13) . However, it is necessary to wait for the progress of phylogenetic studies to definitively locate the species; now, most of the sequenced species of the Holwaya section are nested in the Fulgentes clade (Fragoso et al. 2018). This clade groups members of the sections Fulgentes, Holwaya, and Flocculosae (Epling 1935: 77) Epling (1939:153); in the near future, it is possible that it will be recognized as a monophyletic group.</p><p>Among the species of sect. Holwaya,  Salvia dugesiana is morphologically most similar to  S. karwinskii, particularly with regard to the appearance of the leaves, inflorescence size, number of the flowers per floral node, presence of glandular-capitate hairs along floral axis and calyx, upper lip acuminate and then long caudate, and corolla tube slightly ventricose.  Salvia dugesiana differs by having stems and leaves moderately pilose with simple hairs (vs. tomentose with dendritic hairs), lacking bracteoles additional to floral bracts, corolla tube not invaginated (vs. invaginated) and internally epapillate (vs. papillate) (see Table 1 and Fig. 2 for more details; Epling 1939, Klitgaard 2012, Martínez-Gordillo et al. 2019). Furthermore, if  S. karwinskii is discarded due to its indumentum with branched hairs,  S. dugesiana groups with a set of three Mexican shrubby  Salvia surpassing 80 cm tall, having petioles and leaf blades longer than 10 mm and 25 mm, respectively, calyces longer than 11 mm, 5 or 7-veined upper calyx lip, corolla tube ventricose, 20 mm long or longer, epapillate inside, and included stamens:  S. guevarae,  S. gesneriiflora and  S. tilantongensis; all in fact, members of sect. Holwaya. Considering these three species,  S. dugesiana is most similar to  S. guevarae due to the corolla tube shorter than 3 cm long, and relatively small corolla lips (upper 7–10.3 mm long, lower 6–12 mm long, vs. 16–25 mm long and 12–27 mm long).  Salvia dugesiana can be set apart from  S. guevarae by means of the cuneate to oblique leaf base (vs. slightly truncate, rounded to cordate), caudate calyx lobes (vs. short acuminate), narrower corolla tube (6.3–8.7 mm vs. 9–13 mm long) and filiform staminodes (vs. claviform) (Fig. 2). Besides,  S. guevarae grows in temperate forest rather than in tropical, including pine-oak and cloud montane forests and has not been recorded in Guanajuato but in Hidalgo, Querétaro and San Luis Potosí.</p><p>Alfred Dugès contributed greatly to documenting the Mexican biodiversity thanks to his extensive collections, mainly in the central area of the country, a territory known as El Bajío Region. Unfortunately, most of his samples lack a precise description of the locality or even a simple reference to a town or geographical accident that could be located. The above makes difficult to trace and have an idea of his exploration itineraries, and that is why there was no clue about where to look for  S. dugesiana, what in turn promoted taxonomic turmoil that made botanists to hesitate on the recognition of this species. Proof of the later is that the species was overlooked in floristic inventories in Guanajuato (Carranza-González 2005, Zamudio &amp; Galván-Villanueva 2011), or even in a global checklist of vascular plants in Mexico (Villaseñor 2014). However, the rediscovery of a population of the species makes clear that this deserve to be recognized, being a distinctive species within salvias with red corollas, a taxon that should be added to the list of those taxa restricted to the biogeographical province of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (Rzedowski 2020). It is worth noting that  S. dugesiana is not the only reported case of a species described based on Dugès specimens and lost for over 100 years;  Pachyphytum brevifolium Rose in Britton &amp; Rose (1905: 12) represents an additional example, a plant rediscovered a couple decades ago by Pérez-Calix &amp; Glass (1999) in surrounding areas to the capital city of the state, Guanajuato.</p><p>The rediscovery of  S. dugesiana was possible only to the fortunate event that the iNaturalist (known as Naturalista in Mexico) user betootero (Roberto Otero Zaragoza) uploaded and observation of the plant, which triggered our attention in its possible identity as this long-forgotten species. This is especially true considering the lack of information commented before, as well as the morphological characters of  S. dugesiana and similarity with species of cloud montane, pine-oak and oak forests, what suggested that the species should be found also in that kind of vegetation and not in tropical dry forests. However, there are no elements to ensure that the population in Huanímaro corresponds to the type locality of the species. In the literature and different sources consulted in search of additional information that could clarify some of the localities visited by Dugès, the direct mentions to any geographical name are scarce (Bean 1892, Biodiversity Heritage Library 2023a, 2023 b, Harvard University &amp; Libraries 2023, IBdata v· 2023, SEINet 2023, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History 2023). The only localities extracted from that sources and which undoubtedly were visited by Dugès in El Bajío Region and adjacent areas are: Guadalajara in Jalisco state; Cuitzeo, Morelia, Tangancícuaro and Tengüecho in Michoacán state; Campo Santo de [graveyard of] San Sebastián (most probably the one in the city León), Hacienda de Tupátaro, Moroleón, Pénjamo, Santa Rosa mountains, Silao, Tarandacuao and Yuriria lake in Guanajuato state, as well as the capital city with the same name (referring a couple of specific points in the surroundings of the city, or between this and Santa Rosa, Presa de la Olla and San Nicolás Mountain). Of all the listed localities the closest one to Huanímaro is Pénjamo, about 24 km straight line distance (Fig. 2), and being historically a bigger settlement than Huanímaro at the foot of a more massive mountain, it is highly probable that Dugès collected the original material in that mountains. Hence, future botanical exploration in that range might result in additional populations of  S. dugesiana .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/421C87A6C552A264DEF6FDDBFD67FB9C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	González-Gallegos, Jesús Guadalupe;Bedolla-García, Brenda Y.	González-Gallegos, Jesús Guadalupe, Bedolla-García, Brenda Y. (2023): Rediscovery of Salvia dugesiana (Lamiaceae) in Guanajuato, Mexico, after 129 years. Phytotaxa 629 (1): 1-12, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.629.1.1, URL: https://phytotaxa.mapress.com/pt/article/download/phytotaxa.629.1.1/51325
421C87A6C556A26ADEF6FB83FA2BFAB1.text	421C87A6C556A26ADEF6FB83FA2BFAB1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Salvia Linnaeus 1753	<div><p>Identification key to Mexican species of  Salvia with red or ocher orange corollas</p><p>1. Basal leaves often pinnately 3–5-foliolate; stamens bearing two fertile thecae at the connective extremes, though the posterior ones sometimes reduced, posterior connective branches of both stamens free ..........................................................................................2</p><p>1. Basal leaves simple; stamens bearing only one fertile theca at connective anterior point, posterior connective branches connate between both stamens.........................................................................................................................................................................3</p><p>2. Calyx lobes bearded; corolla straight and parallel to calyx longitudinal axis, lower corolla lip shorter than the upper ......  S. henryi</p><p>2. Calyx lobes glabrous; corolla arcuate upwards in respect to calyx longitudinal axis, lower corolla lip subequal or longer than the upper..............................................................................................................................................................................  S. roemeriana</p><p>3. Calyces inflated such as the dorsal and ventral margins are rounded ................................................................................................4</p><p>3. Calyces not inflated, with both dorsal and ventral lines straight and almost parallel or divergent....................................................6</p><p>4. Shrub, 0.8–1.6 m tall; leaves mostly deltoid or deltoid-ovate; mericarp 4.5–5.7 mm long. Plants from desert shrub or arid oak and pine-oak forests, usually above 2000 m elevation...................................................................................................................  S. regla</p><p>4. Arborescent shrub, (1.5–)2–4(–6.5) m tall; leaves ovate, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate; mericarp 2.8–3.5 mm long. Plants infrequent in desert shrub, but mostly in tropical deciduous forests or subtropical shrub, as well as in oak and pine-oak forest, usually below 2000 elevation .............................................................................................................................................................5</p><p>5. Calyx constricted around its base; style glabrous............................................................................................................  S. pubescens</p><p>5. Calyx rounded from the base with no constriction; style short pilose near the apex .............................................................  S. sessei</p><p>6. Upper calyx lip 3-veined ....................................................................................................................................................................7</p><p>6. Upper calyx lip 5 or 7-veined...........................................................................................................................................................13</p><p>7. Corolla tube ventricose.......................................................................................................................................................................8</p><p>7. Corolla tube tubular and widened towards the throat.........................................................................................................................9</p><p>8. Leaf blade ovate, subcordate at base; calyx (5.7–) 6.5–7.9 mm long; corolla tube (16.2–) 17–20.4 mm long, upper corolla lip subequal to the lower....................................................................................................................................................  S. durangensis</p><p>8. Leaf base elliptic to elliptic lanceolate, attenuate at base; calyx 8.5–10 mm long; corolla tube 21–26 mm long, upper corolla lip shorter than the lower ..........................................................................................................................................................  S. miniata</p><p>9. Leaf base truncate to rounded and abruptly short cuneate; stamens included in the corolla ...........................................................10</p><p>9. Leaf base cordate to rounded; stamens exserted from the corolla....................................................................................................12</p><p>10. Leaf blade serrate-erose at margin, glabrescent; calyx red; corolla lips subequal in length, the lower reflexed but not folded backwards around the tube ..............................................................................................................................................  S. subrubens</p><p>10. Leaf blade dentate to serrate at margin, pubescent to tomentose; calyx green, and sometimes with a shade of purple to the lips; lower corolla lip patently shorter than the upper, and strongly reflexed and folded backwards around the tube ............................11</p><p>11. Floral node 2–4(–6)-flowered; calyx lips acuminate and apiculate at apex; corolla 38–45 mm long; upper corolla lip 8–15 mm long......................................................................................................................................................................................  S. nervata</p><p>11. Floral nodes 10–20-flowered; calyx lips acute and caudate at apex; corolla 22–36 mm long; upper corolla lip 4–8 mm long.......... .............................................................................................................................................................................................  S. tubifera</p><p>12. Calyx 18.5–19.6 mm long, lips long caudate-aristate; corolla tube 27–35 mm long, internally epapillate towards the base, upper corolla lip longer than the lower; style short pilose near the apex ...................................................................................  S. longistyla</p><p>12. Calyx 9–15 mm long, lips acuminate and short aristate; corolla tube 18–28 mm long, internally ornate with a couple papillae towards the base, upper corolla lip shorter than the lower; style glabrous..........................................................................  S. palealis</p><p>13. Stamens exserted from the corolla ...................................................................................................................................................14</p><p>13. Stamens included in the corolla........................................................................................................................................................21</p><p>14. Indument of branched hairs throughout the different plant structures (stem, petiole, both leaf surfaces, floral axis and bract, and calyx); corolla ocher orange; mericarp short pilose at apex..............................................................................................  S. lasiantha</p><p>14. Indument without branched hairs; corolla red to reddish orange; mericarp glabrous......................................................................15</p><p>15. Stems densely covered by hirsute glandular-capitate hairs; leaves long lanceolate, three or more times longer than wide; corolla ventricose. Plants from Guerrero ......................................................................................................................................................16</p><p>15. Stems with simple hairs, or if glandular present, then tiny or sparse; leaves ovate, ovate lanceolate to elliptic, mostly less than two times longer than wide; corolla tubular and/or widened towards the throat. Plants not restricted to Guerrero ...............................17</p><p>16. Calyx violet to violet red with the veins slightly inconspicuous, 12–14.8 mm long, arcuate from the base, upper lip longer than the lower..................................................................................................................................................................................  S. perlonga</p><p>16. Calyx yellow-green with elevated veins, 15.6–18 mm long, dorsal and ventral lines divergent from the base, upper lip as long as the lower ...........................................................................................................................................................................  S. praestans</p><p>17. Corolla tube with a couple papillae inside towards the base............................................................................................................18</p><p>17. Corolla tube internally epapillate towards the base..........................................................................................................................19</p><p>18. Leaf blade ovate to elliptic lanceolate, smooth above, usually violet beneath; floral bract ovate, 2.5–3.3 mm long; corolla straight, internal basal papillae 1–1.4 mm long, lower corolla lip reflexed; connective entire at midportion; style glabrous; mericarps bright black ................................................................................................................................................................................  S. iodophylla</p><p>18. Leaf blade deltoid to ovate-deltoid, bullate above, green beneath; floral bract rhomboid-elliptic to lanceolate 3.9–6.1 mm long; corolla slightly sigmoid, internal basal papillae 3.7–4.7 mm long, lower corolla lip incurved-concave; connective with a tiny tooth at midportion; style sparsely pilose near midportion; mericarps brownish gray and irregularly punctate with a darker tone ............ ...........................................................................................................................................................................................  S. patriciae</p><p>19. Stems hirsute; lower corolla lip wide, 6–14 mm wide. Plants usually from secondary vegetation and tropical deciduous forests, growing mainly below 1600 m elevation ..........................................................................................................................  S. coccinea</p><p>19. Stems short pilose to pilose; lower corolla lip narrow, 2.2–6 mm wide. Plants growing mostly in temperate forest (oak, pine-oak, and cloud montane forests), regularly above 1800 m elevation.......................................................................................................20</p><p>20. Leaf base mostly cordate to subcordate, less frequently rounded; upper calyx lip long caudate, with an arcuate cauda at least twice as long as the apiculi of the two lobes of the lower lip; stamens long exserted...........................................................  S. cinnabarina</p><p>20. Leaf base rounded; upper calyx lip usually apiculate, the apiculus straight usually shorter than 2 mm, or if longer, then as long as the apiculi of the two lobes of the lower lip; stamens short exserted, usually only the thecae and small portion of the filament surpassing upper corolla lip.................................................................................................................................................  S. elegans</p><p>21. Flowers solitary in the axils of uppermost portion of the branches ..................................................................................  S. disjuncta</p><p>21. Flowers arranged in racemes............................................................................................................................................................22</p><p>22. Stems with branched hairs................................................................................................................................................................23</p><p>22. Stems with simple or glandular hairs ...............................................................................................................................................24</p><p>23. Leaf ovate to elliptic, 3–12.5 cm long, sparsely yellowish tomentose beneath; floral nodes with 4–12 flowers; upper calyx entire and long caudate; corolla tube internally ornate with a couple papillae towards the base..............................................  S. karwinskii</p><p>23. Leaf ovate-deltoid, 0.8–3 cm long, densely white tomentose beneath; floral nodes with 2 flowers; upper calyx lip trimucronate and acuminate; corolla tube epapillate inside towards the base..............................................................................................  S. oaxacana</p><p>24. Corolla tube internally ornate with a couple folds or papillae towards the base..............................................................................25</p><p>24. Corolla tube internally epapillate and with no folds towards the base.............................................................................................35</p><p>25. Leaves smooth above, glabrous on both surfaces except by the short pilose midvein, margin long ciliated with simple hairs (1.8–2 mm long); flowers 2 on each floral node; corolla internally ornate with a couple folds towards the base.............  S. blepharophylla</p><p>25. Leaves rugose to bullate above, usually sparsely to moderately pubescent on both surfaces, margin not ciliated, if bordered by hairs, these flexible and less than 1 mm long; flowers more than two at each floral node; corolla internally ornate with clear papillae towards the base ...............................................................................................................................................................................26</p><p>26. Ventral and dorsal lines of the corolla tube markedly and equally arcuate (dorsoventrally inflated); corolla lips subequal in length, not surpassing 10 mm in length. Plants from Chiapas and Central America ...................................................................................27</p><p>26. Dorsal line of the corolla not arcuate or if so, much less than the ventricose ventral line; corolla lips clearly unequal in length, or if subequal, both surpassing 10 mm long. Plants not restricted to Chiapas and Central America ...................................................28</p><p>27. Leaf smooth above; racemes with 4–18 floral nodes; both corolla lips less than 6 mm long.............................................  S. holwayi</p><p>27. Leaf bullate above; racemes with a single floral node (rarely 2); upper corolla lip 7–9 mm long, and the lower one (5.4–) 7–10 mm long............................................................................................................................................................................  S. univerticillata</p><p>28. Perennial herb, decumbent, mostly subscapose with the leaves concentrated in the lower third or quarter of its length; connective with a retrorse tooth near ventral midpoint at the anterior end of a constricted portion in width, short pilose in the border opposite to the tooth and in the dorsal midpoint; papillae inside corolla tube and near the base bent forwards by 4–5 mm .......  S. stolonifera</p><p>28. Perennial herbs, subshrubs to shrubs, mostly erect and with the leaves distributed almost equally along their length; connective with a retrorse tooth near ventral midpoint, with no constriction, glabrous or puberulent; papillae inside corolla tube erect, or if bent forwards, no more than 2 mm ...................................................................................................................................................29</p><p>29. Corolla tube 2.2–3.9(–4.4) cm long or longer, upper corolla lip 1.2–1.9(–2.1) cm long .................................................................30</p><p>29. Corolla tube 1.2–2.1 cm long, upper corolla lip 0.6–1.1 mm long ..................................................................................................32</p><p>30. Floral bract longer than 1.8 cm; corolla tube straight at the base.........................................................................................  S. fulgens</p><p>30. Floral bract less than 1.1 cm; corolla tube invaginate at the base ....................................................................................................31</p><p>31. Leaves with glandular capitate hairs only beneath; connective 18–19 mm long; plants from southern Mexico (Oaxaca and Puebla) ..................................................................................................................................................................................  S. lineata</p><p>31. Leaves covered with glandular-capitate hairs above and beneath; connective 20–23 mm long; plants from northeastern Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí and Zacatecas) ................................................................................................  S. schaffneri</p><p>32. Leaves (2.5–) 7–14 cm long, the uppermost sessile; floral bract 15–20 mm long.............................................................  S. pulchella</p><p>32. Leaves 1–3.3(–4) cm long, the uppermost petiolate; floral bract 2.8–8.4 mm long ........................................................................33</p><p>33. Margin of the floral bract denticulate; papillae at the inside of basal corolla tube bidentate at apex; upper corolla lip longer than the lower.............................................................................................................................................................................  S. gavilanensis</p><p>33. Margin of the floral bract entire; papillae at the inside of basal corolla tube entire at apex; upper corolla lip shorter than the lower ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................34</p><p>34. Perennial herb to shrub, (30–) 40–120 cm tall; leaf short pilose to hispidulous (rarely glabrous), base truncate to subcordate; floral bract 3–8.4 mm long, acuminate at apex......................................................................................................................  S. microphylla</p><p>34. Perennial herb, 24–40 cm tall; leaf glabrous above and beneath, base cuneate to attenuate; floral bract 2.8–3.5 mm long, caudate at apex...................................................................................................................................................................................  S. modica</p><p>35. Corolla tube with the same width all along, with no ventricose portion; usually the thecae and small portion of the filament exserted from the upper corolla lip ....................................................................................................................................................  S. elegans</p><p>35. Corolla tube ventricose; stamens included below the upper corolla lip...........................................................................................36</p><p>36. Plants up to 60 cm tall; leaves with petioles (0.7–) 2–5 mm long or sessile, leaf blade (0.5–)1–2.5 × 0.2–0.3 cm; plants mostly from desert shrub and  Juniperus forest.........................................................................................................................................  S. greggii</p><p>36. Plants mostly taller than 80 cm; leaves with petioles longer than 10 mm, leaf blade 2.5 cm long or longer, and wider than 1.4 cm; plants mostly from temperate (pine, pine-oak and cloud montane) or tropical (tropical deciduous) forests...................................37</p><p>37. Calyx less than 11 mm long, upper lip 5-veined; corolla tube less than 18 mm long......................................................................38</p><p>37. Calyx 11 mm long or longer, upper lip 5 or 7-veined; corolla tube 20 mm long or longer .............................................................39</p><p>38. Floral bract deciduous, 3–5 mm long; corolla tube 15–17 mm long............................................................................  S. adenophora</p><p>38. Floral bract persistent, 6.3–15.9 mm long; corolla tube 9.9–12.3...........................................................................  S. ozolotepecensis</p><p>39. Subscandent perennial herb or subshrub with pendulous branches; upper stigmatic branch shorter than the lower......  S. carranzae</p><p>39. Erect perennial herbs to shrubs; upper stigmatic branch longer than the lower...............................................................................40</p><p>40. Corolla tube shorter than 3 cm long, upper lip 7–10.3 mm long, lower lip 6–12 mm long.............................................................41</p><p>40. Corolla tube longer than 3.1 cm long, upper lip 16–25 mm long, lower lip 12–27 mm long..........................................................42</p><p>41. Leaf base cuneate to oblique; calyx lobes triangular and caudate at apex; corolla tube 6.3–8.7 mm wide; staminodes filiform. Plants from tropical deciduous forest in Guanajuato .................................................................................................................  S. dugesiana</p><p>41. Leaf base slightly truncate, rounded to cordate; calyx lobes ovate and short acuminate at apex; corolla tube 9–13 mm wide; staminodes claviform. Plants from cloud montane and pine-oak forests in Hidalgo, Querétaro and San Luis Potosí .....  S. guevarae</p><p>42. Stem with exfoliating bark; petiole directly attached to the stem; floral bract (0.6–)0.7–2(–2.4) cm long; calyx lobes not aristate; middle lobe of the lower corolla lip reflexed ..............................................................................................................  S. gesneriiflora</p><p>42. Stem without exfoliating bark; petiole articulated to a widened basal portion; floral bracts 0.2–0.5(–0.8) cm long; calyx lobes aristate with an extension of 3–4.5 mm; middle lobe of the lower corolla lip incurve concave...............................  S. tilantongensis</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/421C87A6C556A26ADEF6FB83FA2BFAB1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	González-Gallegos, Jesús Guadalupe;Bedolla-García, Brenda Y.	González-Gallegos, Jesús Guadalupe, Bedolla-García, Brenda Y. (2023): Rediscovery of Salvia dugesiana (Lamiaceae) in Guanajuato, Mexico, after 129 years. Phytotaxa 629 (1): 1-12, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.629.1.1, URL: https://phytotaxa.mapress.com/pt/article/download/phytotaxa.629.1.1/51325
