taxonID	type	description	language	source
432F63559D7BE273FF05FF0573782CB7.taxon	description		en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D7BE273FF05FF0573782CB7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Differs from other species in the genus by basidiocarps with rose, purplish pink to pale violet colour, viscid pileus, stipe surface and lamellar edges, gelatinized subhymenium, absence of clamp connections and ellipsoid to ovoid basidiospores.	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D7BE273FF05FF0573782CB7.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — rosa (Latin) = rose, referring to the colour of the basidiocarps.	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D7BE273FF05FF0573782CB7.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — PANAMA. Chiriquí Province: near Alto Boquete, Sendero Culebra, N 08 ° 50 ‘ 33.9 ‘‘ W 82 ° 28 ‘ 52.1 ‘‘, 1680 m a. s. l., montane forest dominated by Quercus spp., 17 July 2016, H. Lotz-Winter, O. Koukol, P. Zehnalek PAN 612 (holotype UCH 11755, isotype M- 0312079)! Description: — Basidiocarps mycenoid to omphalinoid. Pileus 1.0 – 2.5 cm diam., broadly convex to convex umbilicate, with straight and crenate margin, central disk rose (13 A 5) to purplish pink (14 A 3 – 4), sometimes pale violet (15 A 3) to light lilac (15 A 4 – 5), paler towards margin, pileal surface viscid, translucently striate at the margin up to 2 / 3 the radius, hygrophanous reaction not recorded. Lamellae decurrent, arcuate, distant, relatively thick, white to greyish white, with intervenose ridges and hyaline, viscid edge. Stipe 2.8 – 5.5 × 0.15 – 0.3 cm, cylindrical, cartilaginous, hollow, greyish magenta (13 B 4 – 5) to purplish red (13 B 6), sometimes lilac (15 B 3 – 5), at the apex, pinkish white (13 A 2) and paler towards base, often yellowish white, pale yellow to light yellow (3 A 2 – 4) at the base, with strongly viscid surface, longitudinally striate when moist, at least at the upper third of the stipe. Basal mycelium indistinct. Odour indistinct, taste not tested. Basidiospores 5.0 – 5.6 – 6.5 (– 7.5) × 3.5 – 3.9 – 4.5 µm, Q = 1.30 – 1.43 – 1.60 (n = 60 spores of 2 specimens), broadly ellipsoid to somewhat ovoid, smooth, hyaline, thin-walled. Basidia (18.5 –) 20 – 26 (– 29) × 4.5 – 6.0 µm, clavate, hyaline, 4 - spored, with up to 12 (– 20) µm long sterigmata. Lamellar edge sterile and gelatinized, formed by cylindrical-flexuous, hyaline, thin-walled ixocheilocystidia, 15 – 45 × 1.5 – 2.0 (– 2.5) µm, sometimes with a few basidia in between. Lamellar trama subregular, formed by inflated cells, (25 –) 30 – 75 × (6 –) 10 – 20 (– 30) µm, hyaline, thin-walled. Subhymenium strongly gelatinized. Pileipellis an ixotrichoderm composed of narrow, cylindrical cells, 15 – 70 × 1.0 – 2.0 µm, hyaline, thin-walled, in gelatinous matrix. Pileitrama formed by inflated cells, 35 – 75 × 12.5 – 30 µm, hyaline, thin-walled. Stipe surface an ixotrichoderm, similar to the pileipellis. Pigment not located. Sometimes with oleiferous hyphae in lamellar trama. Clamp connections absent from all parts of the basidiocarp. Habitat: — Basidiocarps found in small groups on soil and on rotten wood on the forest floor in Quercus - dominated montane forests between 1700 and 2300 m a. s. l. in Chiriquí, Panama. Notes: — Gliophorus roseus belongs to the section Glutinosae (Kühner 1926: 53) Lodge & Padamsee in Lodge et al. (2013: 45). It is related to G. laetus (Persoon 1799: 48: Fries 1821: 102) Herink (1959: 84), with a p-distance of 7.9, 8.1, and 8.7 % in the ITS (FM 208890, KaiR 1035, and FM 208887, respectively, compared to KaiR 619). This species was described by Persoon (1799) without notes on the collection localities and original material is not preserved. Persoon worked and collected in Göttingen, Central Germany. A strict concept of G. laetus is used here based on own observations in Germany and Austria, as well as the description given by Boertmann (2010). Molecularly, this concept is in agreement to the concept used by Babos et al. (2011) based on material from eastern Europe. Sequences annotated as G. laetus (‚ Hygrocybe laeta ‘) are located at different positions in our phylogenetic analysis and have p-distances of 4.7, 6.0, 6.6, and 8.3 % (HQ 604792, HM 020692, HM 240529, FJ 627027) compared to G. roseus (KaiR 619). Apparently, this name is used for several species in North America. Lodge et al. (2013) mentioned that many of their material of Hygrophoraceae from North America identified with names of taxa described from Europe did not match material and sequences derived from such from Europe. Their sequences annotated as G. laetus formed three clades. Michal Kuo (http: // www. mushroomexpert. com / gliophorus _ laetus. html, accessed 14 November 2021) presents under the name G. laetus basidiocarps with umbilicate pileus, which is pale yellowish-greyish, with dark orange centre. However, a note is included that G. laetus in its current use possibly represents a species group. Gliophorus laetus s. str. differs from G. roseus by a different habitat in moss-rich grassland, dunes and heaths, in average larger, brownish orange basidiocarps, toruloid clamp connections in the hymenium and the pileipellis, and a rubber-like smell. The yellow variety H. laeta var. flava Boertmann (1995: 86) similarly differs from G. roseus. In addition, it is mainly known from alpine and arctic habitats (Boertmann 2010). Gliophorus glutinosus K. Das, D. Chakr. & Vizzini in Chakraborty et al. (2018: 128), described from India, differs by orange basidiocarps. Clamp connections are absent from the pileipellis of this species, but present in the hymenium and subhymenium. Hygrocybe noelokelani Desjardin & Hemmes (1997: 621), not combined to Gliophorus so far, forms basidiocarps with pink pileus, never with violet tones, and a yellow stipe. Two varieties were described for this species: var. noelokelani differs from G. roseus in addition to the somewhat different colours of the basidiocarps by the presence of clamp connections and larger basidiospores. Hygrocybe noelokelani var. defibulata Desjardin & Hemmes (1997: 623) lacks clamp connections, but differs from the type variety as well as G. roseus by ellipsoid basidiospores with higher Q-values of 1.30 – 1.55 – 1.90 (Desjardin & Hemmes 1997). Lodge et al. (2013) stressed the presence of toruloid clamp connections at basidia as one of the characters of species in the sect. Glutinosae, which distinguish them from species in sect. Gliophorus, with regular clamp connections. By the addition of the new species to sect. Glutinosae, but also with regard to Hygrocybe noelokelani var. defibulata, the concept of this section has to be changed to include also species without clamp connections. Nested within the complex of G. laetus, G. roseus and related, unresolved species is a sequence of another specimen collected in Panama (KaiR 549). However, the material of this putatively further new species of Gliophorus is insufficient for description. Additional specimen examined: — PANAMA. Chiriquí Province: near Cerro Punta, Entre Ríos, Montaña Azul, montane forest dominated by Quercus spp., 2300 m a. s. l., N 08 ° 53 ’ 42.8 ’’ W 82 ° 34 ’ 58.7 ’’, 21 June 2017, K. Reschke KaiR 619 (UCH 9222, M- 0312080)! Specimen examined of Gliophorus laetus: — GERMANY. Rheinland-Pfalz: near Tiefenbach, Landwiesen, nitrogen-poor grassland, 560 m a. s. l., 27 Oct. 2017, E. Wandelt KaiR 1035 (M- 0312092)!	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D7DE270FF05F96973FD2853.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Differs from other species of Humidicutis by the combination of conical, rose red basidiocarps, basidia with long sterigmata and ellipsoid to ovoid basidiospores.	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D7DE270FF05F96973FD2853.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — rosa (Latin) = rose, ruber (Latin) = red, referring to the colour of the basidiocarps.	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D7DE270FF05F96973FD2853.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — PANAMA. Chiriquí Province: near Cerro Punta, Entre Ríos, Montaña Azul, montane forest dominated by Quercus spp., 2300 m a. s. l., N 08 ° 53 ’ 42.8 ’’ W 82 ° 34 ’ 58.7 ’’, 21 June 2017, J. Rodríguez KaiR 621 (holotype UCH 9223, isotype M- 0312081)! Basidiocarps mycenoid. Pileus 2.2 – 4.8 cm diam., conical to convex with acute umbo or pronounced papilla, margin straight and uneven, red (10 B 7, 11 A 6 – 7, 11 B 7 – 8), rose (11 A 5) to greyish rose (12 B 5 – 6), pileal surface glabrous, but innately fibrillose and with fine, protruding fibrils if seen through a lens, translucently striate up to 1 / 3 of the radius, hygrophanous reaction not recorded. Lamellae adnate to emarginate, often with inconspicuous decurrent tooth, ventricose, medium spaced, white, with rather even and concolourous edge. Stipe 6.5 – 12.0 × 0.3 – 0.4 cm, cylindrical, flexuous, cartilagineous, hollow, rose (11 A 3, 12 A 3 – 4) at the tip, pinkish white (11 A 2), pale red (9 A 3, 10 A 3), pastel red (7 A 5, 8 A 4 – 5), orange red (8 A 6), reddish orange (7 A 5) to light orange (6 A 5) towards the base, glabrous, polished. Basal mycelium white, rather inconspicuous to distinctly tomentose, with numerous short rhizomorphs. Odour indistinct, taste not tested. Basidiospores 6.5 – 7.5 – 8.5 × 4.5 – 5.0 – 5.5 µm, Q = 1.35 – 1.52 – 1.70 (n = 81 of 2 specimens), ellipsoid, ovoid to somewhat subcylindrical, sometimes slightly constricted, smooth, hyaline, thin-walled, inamyloid. Basidia (33 –) 36 – 45 × 5.0 – 7.5 µm, clavate, hyaline, thin-walled, 4 - spored, with a toruloid clamp connection at the base, sterigmata mostly up to 11.0 µm long, rarely up to 17.5 µm. Hymenial cystidia absent. Lamellar trama subregular, formed by inflated to fusiform cells, (23 –) 30 – 150 × 10.0 – 25 µm. Pileipellis a slightly gelatinized cutis composed of somewhat interwoven hyphae, consisting of cylindrical cells, 35 – 100 × 2.5 – 9.5 µm. Subpellis not developed. Pileitrama composed of wide inflated to fusiform cells, 25 – 95 × (6.5 –) 10.0 – 30 (– 34) µm. Stipe surface composed of narrow, cylindrical cells, 100 – 260 × 3.0 – 4.0 µm. Pigment not located. Clamp connections present in the hymenium, absent elsewhere. Habitat: — Basidiocarps found solitary or scattered in a small group on soil in a Quercus - dominated montane forest at about 2300 m a. s. l. in Chiriquí, Panama. Notes: — Humidicutis roseorubra is relatively close to H. brunneovinacea R. Garibay-Orijel in Yuan et al. (2020: s. p.), with a p-distance of 6 % in the ITS. This species differs from H. roseorubra by darker pilei with brownish tones, somewhat broader ellipsoid basidiospores, and rare presence of clamp connections at the base of basidia. Humidicutis dictiocephala A. Barili et al. in Crous et al. (2017: 333), described from Ecuador, lacks pinkish tones in the pileus and has pale orange lamellae. Further, probably similar species exist (Cantrell et al. 2001; Lodge et al. 2013), however, they have not yet been described. Additional specimen examined: — PANAMA. Chiriquí Province: near Cerro Punta, Entre Ríos, Montaña Azul, montane forest dominated by Quercus spp., 2300 m a. s. l., N 08 ° 53 ’ 42.8 ‘‘ W 82 ° 34 ‘ 58.7 ‘‘, 21 June 2017, K. Reschke, M. Cuevas, T. Hofmann, B. Wergen, C. Fischer, E. Heinemann, J. Rodríguez KaiR 622 (M- 0312082)!	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D7EE27DFF05FD0D746B281B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Differs from other species in the genus by the combination of growth on soil, white to orange white, dorsiventrally organized basidiocarps with smooth stipe, 4 − 8 - spored basidia and oblong to allantoid basidiospores.	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D7EE27DFF05FD0D746B281B.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — caput (Latin) = head, serpens (Latin) = snake; referring to the shape of the basidiocarps.	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D7EE27DFF05FD0D746B281B.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — PANAMA. Chiriquí Province: Sendero Los Quetzales, between Cerro Punta and Bajo Boquete, N 08 ° 50 ’ 47.7 ’’ W 82 ° 32 ’ 07.8 ’’, 2350 m a. s. l., upper montane cloud forest, on soil, 01 July 2018, K. Reschke, T. Hofmann (KaiR 699) (holotype UCH 9257, isotype M- 0312083)!	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D7EE27DFF05FD0D746B281B.taxon	description	Description: — Thallus terricolous, covering an area of about 1.5 m ², thin, but visible as a green layer. Basidiocarps clavarioid, 5.0 − 7.0 mm high, emerging from the thallus, gregarious, scattered, predominantly separate, rarely two basidiocarps combined, entire, incised to fringed at the apex, or forked with 2 – 3 branches starting from half of the height, solid, delicate but waxy-tough to cartilaginous. Fertile part 2.0 − 5.5 × 0.3 − 0.5 mm, dorsiventrally applanate with a concave outline, with a tendency to furl along the length-axis when dry, with acute, straight or hooked, rarely obtuse apices, white to orange white (5 A 1 − 2). Stipe 0.5 − 1.5 × 0.3 − 0.7 mm, cylindrical to somewhat flattened, smooth, whitish. Dorsal side of the fertile part sterile, hymenium on ventral side of the fertile part and partly on apices, sometimes on both sides of the apex. Basidiospores 6.0 − 7.3 − 8.5 × 2.0 − 3.7 − 3.5 µm, Q = 2.10 − 2.79 − 3.35 (n = 50), oblong to slightly allantoid, often somewhat centrally constricted, hyaline, smooth, thin-walled, inamyloid, with oil drop, frequently forming aggregates of 4 − 8 spores. Basidia 25 − 35 × 5.0 − 7.0 µm, initially ovoid to clavate, suburniform at maturity, thin-walled, hyaline, 4 − 8 - spored, with up to 6.0 µm long sterigmata, clamped, easily collapsing after spore-shedding. Hyphal system monomitic. Hyphae generally thin-walled, septate, with clamp connections. Subhymenium composed of densely arranged, branched and intertwining hyphae. Trama hyphae parallel, sparsely branched, tightly packed and rarely intertwining, composed of cylindrical cells, approx. 50 × 1.0 − 2.0 µm. Some hyphae with refractive content present. Thallus consisting of a network of fungal hyphae, wrapping green algae, thus forming bulbils with a close contact of myco- and photobiont. Algal cells 8.0 – 9.0 × 6.0 − 7.0 µm, broadly ellipsoid, each surrounded by fungal hyphae of 1.0 − 2.0 µm diameter. Algae frequently forming ellipsoid autospores, 4.0 − 6.0 × 3.0 − 5.0 µm. Hyphae between bulbils narrow, about 1.0 µm wide. Habitat: — Terricolous on loamy, stony soil, on a moist steep enbankment along a mountain path in montane cloud forest at 2350 m a. s. l. on the north slopes of Volcán Barú in Chiriquí, Panama. Notes: — In the phylogeny (Fig. 8), Multiclavula caput-serpentis forms a clade with M. ichthyiformis Nelsen et al. in Nelsen et al. (2007: 1290), which also has dorsiventral basidiocarps. Multiclavula ichthyiformis, however, differs from M. caput-serpentis by basidiocarps with a strigose stipe and a thin, translucent fertile part, as well as by globose basidiospores and a p-distance of 12 % in the ITS sequence data. Multiclavula hastula (Corner 1950: 370) Petersen (1967: 214), described from Malaysia, is similar to M. caput-serpentis by small, pale flesh coloured basidiocarps of similar shape. It was, however, described and illustrated by Corner (1950) as associated with cyanobacteria and having thin, soft flesh, hyphae with ampulliform swellings, and 4 - to 6 - spored basidia. The basidiospores of M. hastula are ellipsoid to narrowly ovoid and 5.0 – 7.0 × 2.0 – 3.0 µm in size (Petersen 1967), while those of M. caput-serpentis are oblong to slightly allantoid and longer, 6.0 − 8.5 × 2.0 − 3.5 µm. The holotype of M. hastula has been studied by Corner (1950) and Petersen (1967), it is stored in formaline and thus not suitable for molecular analysis. Further collections of M. hastula have not been reported, but are necessary to reveal its phylogenetic affinities. Multiclavula petricola Masumoto & Degawa (2020: 157), described from Japan, differs from M. caput-serpentis by its occurrence on stone, somewhat longer basidiospores and a more pronounced globular thallus. A dorsiventral organisation of its basidiocarps was not reported (Masumoto & Degawa 2020). A further specimen of Multiclavula (PAN 625), with affinity to M. mucida (Persoon 1797: 55: Fr.) R. H. Petersen (Fig. 8), was collected in Panama. However, the material of this putatively further new species is insufficient for description.	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D73E27AFF05FD4576B228C3.taxon	description		en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D73E27AFF05FD4576B228C3.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Differs from other species in the genus by the combination of cantharelloid basidiocarps, chrome yellow staining with KOH, as well as rugose-verrucose basidiospores of 9 – 11 × 5 – 6 µm.	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D73E27AFF05FD4576B228C3.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — salmoneus (Latin) = salmon-coloured, referring to the colour of the basidiocarps.	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D73E27AFF05FD4576B228C3.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — PANAMA. Chiriquí Province: near Santa Rita, road to Chorro Blanco, upon embankment between road and disturbed montane forest, close to Alnus acuminata, 1050 m a. s. l., N 08 ° 41 ’ 36.1 ’’ W 82 ° 33 ’ 13.9 ’’, 13 June 2017, M. Cuevas, C. Fischer, T. Hofmann, K. Reschke TH 0817 (holotype UCH 9367, isotype M- 0312093)!	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D73E27AFF05FD4576B228C3.taxon	description	Description: — Basidiocarps cantharelloid. Pileus 7.5 – 9.0 cm diam., initially convex, becoming plane, margin incurved and uneven, pale orange (6 A 3), light orange (6 A 4 – 5), orange (6 A 6), pastel red (7 A 4 – 5, 8 A 4 – 5), reddish orange (7 A 6 – 8), pale red (8 A 3) to orange red (8 A 6) when young, later decolouring to greyish yellow (2 B 5 – 6, 3 B 5 – 6), pileal surface rough, not translucently striate, not hygrophanous, staining grey to dark brown with violet tinge after damage and chrome yellow with 30 % KOH. Veins decurrent, close, forking and with some anastomoses, up to 2.0 mm broad, cream in immature fruiting bodies, brownish upon maturity, staining brown after damage and chrome yellow with 30 % KOH. Stipe 4.3 – 6.0 × 1.5 – 1.7 cm, tapering towards the base, solid, concolourous to the pileus, paler towards the base, rough, staining dark brown after damage, not tested with KOH. Basal mycelium white, with few, inconspicuous, short rhizomorphs. Trama creme, staining pinkish grey after damage. Odour slightly acidic, taste not tested. Basidiospores 9.0 – 9.7 – 11.0 × 5.0 – 5.7 – 6.0 µm, Q = 1.50 – 1.70 – 1.90 (n = 71), ellipsoid to oblong, often somewhat amygdaloid, brownish in KOH, with approx. 0.5 µm thick walls, cyanophilous, with rugose-verrucose ornamentation. Basidia 50 – 70 × 6.0 – 10.0 µm, slenderly clavate, often somewhat flexuous and with 1 – 2 constrictions when mature, hyaline, thin-walled, 4 - spored, with up to 7.5 µm long sterigmata. Hymenophoral edge heterogeneous, gloeocystidia abundant at all sides of the vein, 80 – 140 × 5.5 – 10.0 µm, slenderly subfusiform, flexuous, thin-walled, often with a 5 – 20 µm long rostrum. Hymenophoral trama irregular to somewhat subregular, formed by interwoven, hyaline, thin-walled hyphae, 2.0 – 5.0 µm wide. Pileipellis a cutis with trichodermal parts, composed of strongly interwoven, narrow, thinwalled, 1.5 – 4.5 µm wide hyphae. Stipitipellis similar to pileipellis. Gloeoplerous hyphae abundant in all parts, 4.0 – 6.0 µm wide, flexuous-cylindrical, thin-walled. Pigment intracellular in gloeoplerous hyphae and in upper pileipellis and stipitipellis, yellowish to slightly orange in H 2 O, paler in pileipellis and stipitipellis and brighter yellowish, but without orange tones in gloeoplerous hyphae in KOH. Clamp connections present in all parts of the basidiocarp. Habitat: — Basidiocarps found in a small group on soil, close to Alnus acuminata at about 1050 m a. s. l. in Chiriquí, Panama. Notes: — Gloeocantharellus salmonicolor forms a well supported clade together with G. okapaensis (Corner 1966: 123) Corner (1969: 803), G. persicinus T. H. Li et al. in Deng & Li (2008: 450), G. purpurascens (Hesler in Smith & Hesler 1943: 248) Singer (1945: 140) and an undescribed species collected in Brazil (Fig. 11). This clade is consistent with phylogenetic analyses of Linhares et al. (2016), based on ITS and mitochondrial atp 6. Gloeocantharellus salmonicolor appears relatively close to G. purpurascens, described from North Carolina, USA, with a p-distance of 17 % in the ITS. Morphologically, G. purpurascens differs from G. salmonicolor by an appressed fibrillose pileus surface and smaller basidiospores (Petersen 1971). Gloeocantharellus persicinus, described from Guangdong, China, forms basidiocarps with lamellate hymenophore and does not stain upon bruising (Deng & Li 2008). Basidiocarps of G. okapaensis have an often concave to widely infundibuliform pileus, and stain red with KOH (Corner 1969). Gloeocantharellus lateritius (Petch 1917: 202) Corner, known from Sri Lanka and India, is similar to the species in the clade including G. salmonicolor. It differs from G. salmonicolor by smaller, less robust, ‘ paxilloid’ basidiocarps, and larger basidiospores, 9.5 – 12 × 4.5 – 7.0 µm, with larger Q-values: Q = 1.57 – 2.22 (Joseph & Manimohan 1998). DNA sequences are not available for this species. New records for Panama	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D74E267FF05FCBE72312BC7.taxon	description	Description: — Basidiocarps collybioid, fasciculate, arising from a dense mycelial layer adhering to the host. Pileus 0.5 – 1.0 cm diam., convex, conico-campanulate to plane with inrolled margin, when mature sometimes slightly concave, surface finely whitish fibrillose when young, sometimes with few yellowish spots (3 A 4 – 4 A 4), when mature with reddish brown (8 D 5) or greyish brown (7 D 3) tinges. Trama white to reddish brown. Lamellae adnate to decurrent, up to 2.0 mm broad, distant, thick, fleshy at base, often somewhat irregular to deformed, anastomosing, initially white, later reddish brown (8 E 4) or greyish brown (7 E 4), with smooth, waxy, blunt and even margin, in old basidiocarps minutely floccose. Stipe 0.4 – 3.0 × 0.2 – 0.4 cm, central, subcylindrical, slightly attenuated upwards, often curved, sometimes distorted, fibrous, hollow in mature specimens, surface finely whitish fibrillose, subtomentose to felty towards the base, with few yellowish spots when young (3 A 4 – 4 A 4) and greyish brown tinges (7 D 3, 7 E 3) when mature. Basal mycelium cottony, white. Odour indistinct to strongly farinaceous, taste not tested. Basidiospores 4.0 – 6.0 × 2.5 – 4.0 µm (n = 10 spores of 3 specimens), broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid, hyaline, thinwalled, inamyloid. Hymenium not well developed, basidia present only near and at lamellar edge in young basidiocarps. Basidia 15 – 35 × 5.0 – 6.0 µm, clavate to subclavate, mostly 4 -, some 1 - or 2 - spored. Lamellar trama composed of narrow, parallel hyphae of 3.0 – 5.0 µm diam., gelatinized. Chlamydospores formed within the lamellar trama, mostly at hyphal ends, few intercalary, 22 – 25 – 29 × 9.5 – 9.9 – 11.0 µm, Q = 2.15 – 2.49 – 2.95 (n = 21), amygdaloid to fusiform, smooth, blunt, brownish ochraceous, with hyaline tip, thick-walled, with 0.5 µm thick outer wall and 6.0 – 10.0 µm thick inner wall. Pileipellis a cutis composed of slightly interwoven, slightly thick-walled, smooth hyphae, some with brown, intracellular pigment. Stipe surface composed of parallel hyphae, 5 – 30 µm diam., hyaline, undulating, smooth, constricted at septa, and with slightly thickened wall, gelatinized, sometimes with intracellular pigment. Clamp connections abundant in all parts of the basidiocarp and the mycelium. Habitat: — Parasitic and fruiting on basidiocarps of species of Russulaceae. In montane forests with Alnus acuminata and Quercus spp. in Chiriquí Province, Panama. Notes: — Asterophora parasitica is widely distributed in the northern hemisphere (Singer 1986). In the southern hemisphere it was reported from New Guinea (Horak 1980). Its occurrence is already known from Colombia (Guzmán & Varela 1978) and Costa Rica (Halling & Mueller 2002), the neighbouring countries of Panama. Parasitising obligate ectomycorrhizal species, it is restricted to habitats with ectomycorrhizal host plants. In Panama, A. parasitica was found in montane Quercus - dominated forest in elevations between 1800 and 2500 m a. s. l. The ITS sequences of the specimens from Panama have p-distances of 0.5 to 1.6 % compared to sequences of A. parasitica specimens in GenBank, increasing with geographic distance. A study with wider scope might reveal distinct populations. However, no morphological differences were observed between specimens from Panama and Germany. Specimens examined: — GERMANY. Baden-Württemberg: Hornberg, Storenwald, mixed coniferous and deciduous forest, on rotting basidiocarps of Russula sp., sect. Compactae, 415 m a. s. l., N 4 8 ° 12 ’ 30.0 ’’ E 8 ° 13 ’ 43.3 ’’, 17 Oct 2013, H. Lotz-Winter HLW 3601 (M- 0312073)!; PANAMA. Chiriquí Province: Volcán, near Paso Ancho, PNVB, mountain path to the summit, montane cloud forest dominated by Quercus spp. and Alnus acuminata, on rotting basidiocarps of Russula sp., sect. Compactae, 2200 m a. s. l., N 08 ° 48 ’ 55.9 ’’ W 82 ° 34 ’ 17.5 ’’, 04 July 2015, H. Lotz-Winter, T. Hofmann, O. Koukol, P. Zehnalek PAN 180 (UCH 9076, M- 0312070)!; Cerro Punta, Bajo Grande, PNVB, Sendero Los Quetzales close to Mirador Alto Respingo, on rotting mushroom basidiocarps, 2500 m a. s. l., N 8 ° 50 ’ 46.5 ” W 82 ° 31 ’ 49.1 ’’, 20 July 2015, H. Lotz-Winter, R. V. Villareal, S. Cáceres, J. Rodríguez PAN 346 (UCH 8975, M- 0312071)!; Volcán, near Paso Ancho, PNVB, mountain path to the summit, montane forest with abundant Quercus spp. and Comarostaphylis arbutoides, on rotting basidiocarps of Russula sp., sect. Compactae, 2000 m a. s. l., N 08 ° 48 ’ 56.0 ’’ W 82 ° 34 ’ 44.5 ’’, 28 June 2017, K. Reschke, T. Hofmann KaiR 694 (UCH 9246, M- 0312072)!.	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D69E267FF05FDB174C72C9B.taxon	description	Description: — Basidiocarps cyphelloid-crepidotoid, dorsally attached to substrate. Pileus 1.0 – 9.0 cm diam., spathulate, flabelliform or spoon shaped, sometimes lobed, with inrolled to decurved margin, surface moist, radially fibrillose and / or streaked, initially yellowish white to pale yellow (4 A 2 – 3), later decolouring brownish orange to light brown (5 C 4, 6 C 4, 7 C 4 – D 4), margin and area below attachment point sometimes remaining yellowish white, hygrophanous. Lamellae extending radially from attachment point within pseudostipe, arcuate, 1.0 – 2.0 mm broad, thin, very crowded, sometimes forked, white to yellowish white (4 A 1 – 2). Pseudostipe 0.3 – 3.0 cm long, excentric to lateral, emerging from the upper side of the pileus, hollow, concolourous with the pileus, discolouring to blackish-ochre. Trama white, 1.0 – 4.0 mm thick, fleshy. Odour indistinct, taste not tested. Basidiospores 4.0 – 4.1 – 5.0 × 2.0 – 2.2 – 2.5 µm, Q = 1.40 – 1.90 – 2.50 (n = 22 spores of 2 specimens), cylindricalellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, thin-walled, inamyloid. Basidia 15 – 17 × 4.0 – 5.0 µm, narrowly clavate to clavate, 4 - spored. Lamellar edge sterile. Cheilocystidia abundant, 20 – 30 × 5.0 – 9.0 µm, subcylindrical, clavate to lageniform often somewhat irregular, hyaline, thin-walled. Pleurocystidia scattered between basidia, 18 – 20 × 2.0 – 3.0 µm, subcylindrical to lageniform. Pileipellis a cutis, with pale brown, intracellular pigment. Hyphae with refractive content present in all parts of the basidiocarp. Clamp connections frequently present in all parts of the basidiocarp. Habitat: — In groups on dead wood of broad-leaved trees in montane forests in in elevations around 2000 m a. s. l. in Chiriquí Province, Panama. Notes: — Campanophyllum proboscideum was described by Fries (1851) as Lentinus proboscideus from Costa Rica. Cifuentes et al. (2003) combined it into the monotypic genus Campanophyllum Cifuentes & R. H. Petersen and designated a neotype for this species. Campanophyllum proboscideum is known from montane forests in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, and Mexico (Cifuentes et al. 2003). Its known distribution range is here extended to include also montane Quercus - dominated forests in Panama. Campanophyllum proboscideum was proposed and is currently assessed to be included in the IUCN red list as endangered, because of a presumably small population and strong habitat decline (http: // iucn. ekoo. se / iucn / species _ view / 488791 /). Specimens examined: — PANAMA. Chiriquí Province: Cerro Punta, Las Nubes, Sendero Retoño, montane Quercus - dominated cloud forest, on dead wood of broad-leaved tree, 2200 m a. s. l., N 8 ° 53 ’ 36.8 ” W 82 ° 37 ’ 4.2 ’’, 28 May 2014, H. Lotz-Winter, S. Cáceres, S. Rudolph, R. V. Villareal PAN 46 (UCH 9135, M- 0312077)!; Cerro Punta, Sendero Los Quetzales close to Mirador Alto Respingo, montane cloud forest, on trunk of standing broad-leaved tree, 2500 m a. s. l., N 8 ° 50 ’ 46.5 ” W 82 ° 31 ’ 49.1 ’’, 20 July 2015, H. Lotz-Winter, S. Cáceres, J. Rodríguez, R. V. Villareal PAN 327 (UCH 8970, M- 0312075)!; Alto Boquete, Alto Chiquero, Sendero Los Quetzales, montane cloud forest, on dead wood of broad-leaved tree, 1860 m a. s. l., N 8 ° 50 ’ 53.5 ” W 82 ° 29 ’ 35.5 ’’, 23 July 2015, H. Lotz-Winter, J. Rodríguez PAN 373 (UCH 8996, M- 0312076)!; ibid., on trunk of standing broad-leaved tree, 1830 m a. s. l., N 8 ° 51 ’ 01.5 ” W 82 ° 29 ’ 35.7 ’’, 07 June 2017, K. Reschke, M. Cuevas KaiR 434 (UCH 11752, M- 0312074)!.	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D69E266FF05F8C5746A2FBA.taxon	description	Description: — Basidiocarps collybioid. Pileus 4.0 – 15.0 cm diam., campanulate to convex-umbonate when young, broadly convex or almost plane with a low, broad umbo when older, margin initially slightly incurved, becoming straight and sometimes uplifted, even to wavy, surface initially somewhat fibrillose, later glabrous, centre greyish orange (6 B 4 – 6) to brownish orange (6 C 5 – 8, 7 C 5) in young basidiocarps, fading to brownish orange (6 C 5), hygrophanous. Lamellae free, extremely crowded, white to pale yellow (4 A 3), with minutely fimbriate edges and minutely pruinose sides. Stipe 7.0 – 15.0 × 0.8 – 1.0 cm, cylindrical to slightly broadening towards the base, sometimes tapering at the very base to slightly rooting, stuffed to hollow, tough, often slightly contorted, white, sometimes with brown spots (7 E 7), surface fibrillose and somewhat longitudinally ridged. Basal mycelium white, sometimes with rather thick and long rhizomorphs. Spore print yellowish white (4 A 2). Odour indistinct to pleasant, taste not tested. Basidiospores 5.0 – 5.6 – 6.5 × 3.5 – 3.8 – 4.0 µm, Q = 1.33 – 1.50 – 1.75 (n = 44 spores of 2 specimens), broadly ellipsoid to obovoid, smooth, hyaline, predominantly thin-walled and inamyloid, some thick-walled and dextrinoid. Basidia 22 – 30 × 5.0 – 10.0 µm, clavate to subclavate, 4 - spored. Lamellar edge sterile. Cheilocystidia 20 – 35 × 5.0 – 8.0 µm, clavate, fusiform, utriform to cylindrical, thin-walled. Pleurocystidia abundant in young, scarce in old basidiocarps, 30 – 75 × 8.0 – 15.0 µm, broadly cylindrical to slightly capitate, with several constrictions or a short blunt rostrum, very thin-walled, easily collapsing. Pileipellis a cutis composed of slightly interwoven and gelatinized hyphae, with erect and / or flexous terminal cells and cylindrical or narrowly utriform outgrowths, with incrusting pigment. Stipe surface composed of parallel hyphae with incrusting pigment. Caulocystidia scattered to fasciculate, abundant in young specimens, 20 – 65 × 4.0 – 10.0 µm, cylindrical, clavate to subclavate, often furcate or diverticulate. Hyphae with refractive content present in the pileipellis and trama. Clamp connections abundant in all parts of the basidiocarp. Habitat: — Gregarious on soil in leaf litter of Alnus acuminata and Quercus spp. in montane forests in Chiriquí Province, Panama. Notes: — Rhodocollybia tablensis was described by Mata et al. (2004) from two specimens from a montane Quercus - dominated forest at approx. 1700 m a. s. l. in the Talamanca Mountain range of Costa Rica. Four specimens were collected in Panama in similar habitats at 1700 to 2400 m a. s. l., approx. 15 – 30 km from the type location. The ITS sequences derived from these specimens have a p-distance of approx. 0.5 % to the sequence of the paratype specimen of R. tablensis (Acc. AF 505755). While the specimens from Panama were generally rather similar to the original description, some characters were deviating from it. Mature, expanded basidiocarps of the specimen KaiR 438 reached a pileus size of 15 cm diam., whereas those of the type specimens where rather small, with pileus sizes of 0.6 – 3.2 cm diam. A spore print, which could be obtained for PAN 238, was yellowish white in contrast to the white spore print reported in the original description. In addition, some basidiospores of the specimens from Panama are thick-walled and dextrinoid. This is remarkable, because R. tablensis was supposed to be one of two neotropical species, which do not present this typical characteristic of the genus Rhodocollybia according to observations published by Mata et al. (2004). In addition to these deviations, the caulocystidia of the specimens from Panama were more variable in shape than reported in the original description. Specimens examined: — PANAMA. Chiriquí Province: near Cerro Punta, Las Nubes, Sendero Cascada, montane cloud forest dominated by Alnus acuminata, on soil, 2240 m a. s. l., N 08 ° 53 ’ 40.2 ’’ W 82 ° 37 ’ 0.8 ’’, 12 July 2015, H. Lotz-Winter, T. Hofmann, O. Koukol, P. Zehnalek PAN 238 (M- 0312089)!; ibid., 2190 m a. s. l., N 08 ° 53 ’ 39.8 ’’ W 82 ° 36 ’ 57.6 ’’, 11 June 2017, K. Reschke & J. Rodríguez KaiR 483 (UCH 11753, M- 0312087)!; ibid., 2230 m a. s. l., N 08 ° 53 ’ 48.0 ’’ W 82 ° 37 ’ 05.7 ’’, 11 June 2017, K. Reschke & J. Rodríguez KaiR 484 (UCH 11754, M- 0312088)!; near Alto Boquete, Pipeline Trail, montane forest in a ravine, on soil, 1750 m a. s. l., N 08 ° 49 ’ 42.9 ” W 82 ° 29 ’ 30.09 ”, 2 June 2017, K. Reschke, M. Cuevas KaiR 343 (UCH 11750, M- 0312086)!.	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D68E265FF05F9A5736C288B.taxon	description	Description: — Basidiocarp clitocyboid. Pileus 6.0 cm diam., convex-hemispherical with inrolled margin, surface dry, finely velutinous, yellowish brown (5 F 4) with a slightly paler pruina at the centre. Lamellae adnate to somewhat decurrent, close, up to 4.0 – 6.0 mm broad, yellowish white (42 A), edge concolourous, margin wavy, entire, frequently forked. Stipe 6.0 × 1.0 – 1.6 cm, tapering towards the base, stuffed, dull, orange grey (5 B 2), areolate with yellowish brown (5 E 4) zones at the apex and in upper half, areolate with darker yellowish brown (5 F 4) zones in lower half, slightly costate at the apex, surface velutinous to pruinose towards the base. Trama white. Odour and taste not recorded. Basidiospores 7.5 – 8.6 – 9.5 × 6.0 – 6.1 – 6.5 µm, Q = 1.25 – 1.40 – 1.65 (n = 22), ellipsoid, sometimes obovoid, smooth, hyaline, thin-walled, inamyloid. Basidia 40 – 45 × 10 µm, clavate, 4 - spored, often with oily content, often with clamp connection at the base. Lamellar edge heterogeneous. Cheilocystidia abundant, 25 – 35 × 4.0 – 6.0 µm, clavate, rarely subcylindrical, diverticulate, sometimes capitate, with 1 – 3 sterigma-like diverticulae, 4.0 – 15.0 µm long, with frequently swollen or capitate apex covered by refractive exudates. Pileipellis an irregular trichoderm composed of somewhat interwoven hyphae, terminal cells 50 – 90 × 8.0 – 10.0 µm, cylindrical, clavate to lageniform, with pale brown, intracellular pigment. Stipe surface in the upper third of the stipe with caulocystidia similar to the cheilocystidia, intermixed with few fertile basidia, lower stipe surface with terminal cells similar to those of the pileipellis, 20 – 35 × 10 µm, many with yellow-brown oily content, and scattered caulocystidia. Clamp connections frequently present in all parts of the basidiocarp. Habitat: — Basidiocarp found solitary in a lowland forest close to a river in humus mixed with leaf litter in Chiriquí Province, Panama.	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D68E265FF05F9A5736C288B.taxon	discussion	Notes: — Cantharocybe brunneovelutina was described from a specimen found in humus at a dead palm tree in lowland Belize (Ovrebo et al. 2011). The specimen of C. brunneovelutina from Panama was found in humus close to a river in a gallery forest in a botanical garden at an elevation of 35 m a. s. l. The ITS sequence of the specimen of Panama differs with a p-distance of 0.6 % from the sequence of the type specimen of C. brunneovelutina (Acc. NR _ 160458). There are no further reports of collections of C. brunneovelutina known to us in scientific literature. However, two observations from lowland habitats in Puerto Rico and Bolivia assigned to C. brunneovelutina are presented at the internet portal Mushroom Observer (https: // mushroomobserver. org / 366752, https: // mushroomobserver. org / 54253? q = 1 aTxs).	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D68E265FF05F9A5736C288B.taxon	materials_examined	Specimen examined: — PANAMA. Chiriquí Province: David, Botanical Garden of the Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí (UNACHI), in humus close to the river Quebrada San Cristobal, 35 m a. s. l., N 08 ° 25 ’ 57.2 ” W 82 ° 27 ’ 7.0 ”, 14 July 2015, H. Lotz-Winter, T. Hofmann, O. Koukol, P. Zehnalek PAN 260 (M- 0312078)!.	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D6BE265FF05FC9976162D7F.taxon	description	Description: — Basidiocarps pluteoid. Pileus 5.5 – 6.0 cm diam., convex to almost plane, with a low, broad umbo, and a straight and even margin, surface smooth, innately fibrillose, slightly viscid when moist, yellowish brown to light brown (5 E 45, 6 D 5), centre darker, whitish to somewhat translucent at the margin. Lamellae free, ventricose, crowded, initially white, later pink. Stipe 7.0 – 7.5 × 0.6 – 0.8 cm, subcylindrical, somewhat broadening towards the base, greyish white, sometimes with yellow tints, somewhat to distinctly fibrillose-flocculose. Smell raphanoid, taste not tested. Basidiospores 5.5 – 6.9 – 8.0 × 4.5 – 5.2 – 6.5 µm, Q = 1.10 – 1.33 – 1.65 (n = 30 spores of 1 specimen), ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, thin-walled. Basidia 17.5 – 36 × 5.0 – 11.0 µm, clavate, hyaline, 4 - spored. Lamellar edge sterile. Cheilocystidia 55 – 76 × 16 – 21 µm, narrowly clavate, sometimes slightly constricted, hyaline, thinwalled. Pleurocystidia abundant, 69 – 85 × 19 – 27 µm, metuloid, narrowly utriform, with 2 – 4 apical, predominantly bifid, sometimes entire hooks. Pileipellis partly a cutis or an ixocutis with cylindrical or tapering terminal elements, with brown, intracellular pigment. Stipe surface composed of cylindrical hyphae, sometimes with brown, intracellular pigment. Clamp connections absent.	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D6BE265FF05FC9976162D7F.taxon	biology_ecology	Habitat: — Basidiocarps solitary or in a group of two basidiocarps on dead angiosperm wood in montane Quercus - dominated forests in Chiriquí Province, Panama.	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D6BE265FF05FC9976162D7F.taxon	discussion	Notes: — Pluteus hongoi was described by Singer (1989) from Japan, a more recent revision, supported by DNA sequences, is provided by Justo et al. (2014). Pluteus hongoi has a wide, Holarctic distribution in warm temperate to transitional boreal / temperate forests. The southernmost known occurrences are from Louisiana and Florida, USA (Justo et al. 2014). The specimens from Panama distinctly extend the known distribution area southwards. The ITS sequence of the specimen PAN 413 from Panama has a p-distance of 1.8 % compared to the sequence of the holotype of P. hongoi (Acc. KJ 009564). However, only three differences between these sequences are at sites without ambiguities or other quality problems. Morphologically, the specimens from Panama fit well into the concept of P. hongoi, especially by their bifid pleurocystidia, the most remarkable characteristic of this species.	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D6BE265FF05FC9976162D7F.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens examined: — PANAMA. Chiriquí Province: near Cerro Punta, Entre Rios, Montaña Azul, montane forest, 2330 m a. s. l., N 08 ° 53 ’ 49 ’’ W 82 ° 35 ’ 03.2 ’’, 28 July 2015, H. Lotz-Winter, S. Cáceres, J. de León, J. Rodríguez PAN 413 (M- 0312085)!; near Volcán, Paso Ancho, montane forest with abundant Quercus spp. and Comarostaphylis arbutoides, 2020 m a. s. l., N 08 ° 48 ’ 55.4 ’’ W 82 ° 34 ’ 41.7 ’’, 03 June 2017, K. Reschke, J. Rodríguez KaiR 372 (M- 0312084)!.	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
432F63559D6BE264FF05F8A072BA29DF.taxon	description	Description: — Basidiocarps marasmioid. Pileus 0.8 – 1.2 cm diam., convex to plane, umbilicate, with rather straight margin, greyish yellow to olive yellow (2 C 3 – 5, 2 D 5 – 6) at central disk, paler, white with greyish-yellowish tinge towards the margin, surface covered by fine powdery, white flocks, sulcate-striate up to the centre. Lamellae broadly adnate to decurrent, medium spaced to rather distant, whitish, with somewhat uneven, concolorous edges, and intervenose ridges. Stipe 1.0 – 1.3 × 0.1 cm, cylindrical, straight, white, pale grey (21 B 1) to light grey (21 C 1) in immature basidiocarps, later dark grey, blackish (21 F 1 and darker) to bluish grey (21 F 2), paler bluish grey, medium grey to light grey (21 D 1 – 2, 21 E 1 – 2) towards the tip, covered by white, powdery flocks. Base of the stipe often emerging from a dark, bluish grey mycelial disk. Odour indistinct, taste not tested. Basidiospores 7.5 – 9.0 – 10.5 × 5.5 – 6.7 – 8.0 µm, Q = 1.10 – 1.35 – 1.70 (n = 30 spores of 1 specimen), tetrahedral, hyaline, thin-walled. Basidia 4 - spored, clavate, hyaline, immature basidia often fusiform. Lamellar edge sterile. Cheilocystidia 30 – 42 (– 54) × 3.0 – 5.0 µm, diverticulate, sometimes septate, with knob-like apex. Pileipellis a ramealesstructure with strongly diverticulate end cells. Clamp connections abundant in all parts of the basidiocarp. Habitat: — Basidiocarps solitary or in small, dense groups on woody litter, found on woody roots on a path in secondary vegetation in lowlands of Chiriquí Province, Panama. Notes: — Tetrapyrgos atrocyanea is the type species of the genus Tetrapyrgos Horak. It was described from Madagascar by Métrod (1949) and an epitype was recently designated by Desjardin et al. (2017), together with a detailed description and molecular sequences. Tetrapyrgos atrocyanea has a wide distribution, in addition to Madagascar it is known from Benin (Piepenbring et al. 2020), Bolivia, Brazil (Komura et al. 2020), Costa Rica, and Puerto Rico (Desjardin et al. 2017; Honan et al. 2015). Often, Tetrapyrgos specimens in the tropics and subtropics were referred to as Tetrapyrgos nigripes (Fries 1838: 383) E. Horak (Horak 1983; Piepenbring et al. 2018; Redhead 1989; Singer 1973). This species was described from North Carolina, USA, and has a white pileus, and in average shorter cheilocystidia than T. atrocyanea (Honan et al. 2015). ITS sequences corresponding to authentic specimens of T. nigripes from North Carolina and Tennessee, USA, have no matches with tropical or subtropical material (Honan et al. 2015; Komura et al. 2020). Also, further, unpublished sequences of Tetrapyrgos specimens from Benin and Panama do not match those of authentic T. nigripes specimens. Specimens examined: — PANAMA. Chiriquí Province: Los Algarrobos, trail to Río Majagua, 120 m a. s. l., border of the trail, 1 June 2017, K. Reschke KaiR 331 (M- 0312090)!; ibid., 5 June 2017, K. Reschke KaiR 395 (M- 0312091)!.	en	Reschke, Kai, Lotz-Winter, Hermine, Fischer, Christian W., Hofmann, Tina A., Piepenbring, Meike (2021): New and interesting species of Agaricomycetes from Panama. Phytotaxa 529 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.1
