identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03D0116E4639932C7C95B419BB57FE65.text	03D0116E4639932C7C95B419BB57FE65.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa Janse 1951	<div><p>Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951</p> <p>Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951: 199.</p> <p>Type species: Gelechia heliopa Lower, 1900: 417.</p> <p>Ilseopsis Povolný, 1965: 481.</p> <p>Type species: Ilseopsis peterseni Povolný, 1965. Synonymized by Sattler 1988: 231.</p> <p>Ergasiola Povolný, 1967: 232.</p> <p>Type species: Phthorimaea ergasima Meyrick, 1916. Synonymized by Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2010: 57.</p> <p>Euscrobipalpa Povolný, 1967: 212.</p> <p>Type species: Scrobipalpa grossa Povolný, 1966. Synonymized by Park &amp; Ponomarenko 2007: 59.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Species of Scrobipalpa are rather variable and cannot be confidently diagnosed by external characters alone. Most of species have a forewing pattern similar to that of many other Gnorimoschemini, with three dark spots in cell and light costal and tornal spots at 2/3–3/4. However, a wing pattern with white fasciae, dark markings along costal margin and in the fold, or with contrasting veins, is also common among a rather large number of uniformly coloured species. In the Palaearctic region, species of Scrobipalpa may be confused externally with Gnorimoschema Busck, 1900, Caryocolum Gregor &amp; Povolný, 1964, Ephysteris Meyrick, 1908 and Vladimirea Povolný, 1967. However, males of Scrobipalpa usually can be separated from related genera by the characteristic dorsoventrally flattened last segment of the abdomen. In Ephysteris and Vladimirea, sternum VIII is usually more or less gutter-shaped, and tergum VIII is represented by a narrow flap. Males of Gnorimoschema have similarly flattened segment VIII with the tergum and sternum of about same shape, but Gnorimoschema can be separated by apically pointed uncus and distinctly inflated and inward-turned tips of valvae that are usually weakly protruded and can be observed without dissection. Moreover, most of Gnorimoschema species have a narrower and more elongate forewing. Scrobipalpa species can be distinguished by the following suite of male genitalia characters: an elongated uncus, usually apically unmodified; distal sclerite of gnathos short, weakly curved; culcitula well developed; tegumen elongated; valva long, slender; sacculus short; vincular processes short; and phallus inflated at the base with an apical hook. The female genitalia are characterised by the following: unmodified or “foam sculptured” subgenital plates separated by usually foamed or covered with microspines ventromedial depression; straight apophyses anteriores; a membranous ductus bursae with a short colliculum; and the corpus bursae with a distally hook-shaped signum. Turcopalpa Povolný, 1973 and Gobipalpa Povolný, 1973 are most closely related to Scrobipalpa among Palaearctic Gnorimoschemini. Both genera can be separated from Scrobipalpa by short, slender uncus and very broad vinculum in the male genitalia of the latter. The Australian genus Australiopalpa Povolný, 1974 undoubtedly constitutes a branch related to Scrobipalpa, Gobipalpa and Turcopalpa, and it can be distinguished by the presence of an additional lobe on the posterior margin of the vinculum in male genitalia. The taxonomic rank of these three genera will be revised in a separate paper (Bidzilya in prep.). The predominantly Neotropical Scrobipalpopsis Povolný, 1967 is similar to Scrobipalpa in the male genitalia, but differs considerably in the female genitalia. Some members of the genus Scrobipalpomima Povolný, 1985, e.g., S. neuquenensis Povolný, 1985 (type species of the genus) and S. karsholti Povolný, 1985, are undoubtedly more closely related to Scrobipalpa, based on male genitalia, than to any other genera of Neotropical Gnorimoschemini. The main differences between the two genera are the shape of the uncus (convex and with tends of forming medial tip), the more apically obtuse gnathos, and the phallus with subterminal modifications in Scrobipalpomima (Povolný 1985: 5). The female genitalia of Scrobipalpomima are very similar to those of Scrobipalpa as well, but differ in usually sclerotized posterior part of the ductus bursae and the presence of a sclerotized lobe arising from the anterior margin of sternum VIII. A recent phylogenetic study (Corro Chang 2021) supports previously established relationships of Palaearctic Scrobipalpa (based on S. indignella (Staudinger, 1879), a member of the genus Euscrobipalpa sensu Povolný), with Gobipalpa and Turcopalpa (Povolný &amp; Šustek 1988), whereas the Australian S. aptatella (member of the genus Scrobipalpa sensu Povolný) is clustered in a separate branch with Australiopalpa. The latter contradicts the current concept of the genus Scrobipalpa (Bidzilya &amp; Li 2010; Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2010). These results indicate the need for further research using more representative material to clarify the generic concept of Scrobipalpa.</p> <p>Description. Sexual dimorphism slight; in some species (e.g., S. murinella (Duponchel, 1843) females are slightly smaller and have a more pointed hindwing. Head: Smooth-scaled, frons convex, without modifications, but weakly expanded in S. usingeri Povolný, 1969 or possess irregular frontal process in S. peterseni (Sattler 1988: 225), typically concolourous with thorax and tegulae, frons often lighter; labial palpus upcurved, palpomere 2 1.5–3.0 times as broad and 1/2–3/4 length of palpomere 3, outer surface with basal and medial dark belt in most of species, lower surface simple or with bristle of raised scales and more or less distinct medial groove, inner and upper surfaces usually lighter than outer surface, palpomere 3 as palpomere 2 acute, but dark belts usually more diffuse; antennae filiform, scape usually uniformly coloured or dark mixed with light-tipped scales, without pecten, flagellomeres as scape but light ringed as usual.</p> <p>Thorax: Dorsum and tegulae more or less unicolourous in most species, sometimes with a well-developed contrasting medial line on thorax; wingspan 7–25 mm, forewing moderately elongate to broadly lanceolate, weakly brachypterous in S. peterseni, usually with weakly pointed apex, costal margin gradually convex and weakly arched as usual, covered with smooth scales, several species with tufts of raised scales (e.g., S. admirabilis sp. nov.), pattern rather variable, three dark spots in cell, costal and tornal, light spots at 2/3–3/4, dark oblique basal streak and fuscous dash(es) in fold in most of species; pattern often considerably modified by additional markings, e.g., black, light brown, or fuscous dots, dark irroration along veins, dark patches along costal margin, black suffusion along margins, ochreous irroration and black dash(es) in fold, white subapical fascia, black spots along wing apex, etc.; often more or less unicolourous with reduced markings; rarely with contrasting white fasciae on black ground colour (S. feralella (Zeller, 1872); S. argenteonigra Povolný, 1972) or with longitudinal black lines (S. perinii (Klimesch, 1951); S. picta Povolný, 1969; S. munita sp. nov.); cilia usually concolorous with ground colour of forewing, darktipped, with or without terminal line; hindwing light grey to dark grey or dark brown, usually with concolorous cilia. Frenulum with a single acanthus in male and three acanthae in female.</p> <p>Abdomen. Female segment VII as abdominal segments III–VI, but slightly longer, male tergum VIII more or less rounded, sternum VIII elongated, tongue-shaped or subtriangular, with anteromedial emargination, with or without paired coremata; sternum II with distinct venulae and well-developed apodeme. Male genitalia with uncus subrectangular, longer than broad, usually weakly narrowed apically, posterior margin straight or weakly rounded, in some species medially invaginated or pointed, in some species bearing a few short setae; distal sclerite of gnathos moderately elongated, weakly curved or short, axe-shaped, tongue-shaped in S. phagnalella (Constant, 1895) and S. munita sp. nov.; culcitula small to large; tegumen elongated, gradually narrowed distally, usually with indistinct transition to uncus, anterior margin with triangular or broadly rounded medial emargination extending 1/4–1/2 length of tegumen, pedunculi distinct; valva slender, elongated, straight or evenly curved, sometimes slightly sigmoid, apex usually moderately inflated, covered with hairs in distal portion; sacculus maximum 1/2 length of valva, usually about as wide as valva, distinctly or slightly narrowed distally, with inward-curved tips, gap to valva varying form very broad to slender, gap to vincular process usually distinct, sometimes very short and narrow; vinculum longer than wide, with supported system consisting of two slender sclerites extending from anterolateral corners to middle of vinculum, posterior margin with V-, U-, lyre-shaped, or rounded emargination variable in width and length, vincular processes varying from short and slender to long and broad; saccus subtriangular, weakly or distinctly tapered, sometimes truncate, subrectangular, broadly rounded or slender, slightly to conspicuously extending beyond top of pedunculus; phallus stout and moderately long, sometimes slender and elongated, with caecum inflated, distal part straight or weakly sigmoid, rarely with group of short spines (i.e., S. parki (Povolný, 1993)), lateral rod(s) along one side ending with triangular tip at apex of phallus, opposite side of apex with perpendicular or down-curved slender beak-, leaf-shaped, or broadly triangular hook, bulbus ejaculatorius sac-shaped, rounded or elongated, ductus ejaculatorius usually with distinct ring- or band-shaped sclerotization (except for S. agassizi sp. nov.). Female genitalia with papillae anales ovate or subtriangular, covered with short setae, membranous; rarely long sensory setae on papillae anales are reduced, replaced with microtrichia (i.e., S. munita sp. nov.); in some species with paired sclerites directed posteriorly from base of papilla analis. Apophyses posteriores slender, usually longer than ductus bursae (except in S. incola and related species), but shorter than combined length of ductus bursae and corpus bursae. Segment VIII subrectangular, tergum unmodified, sternum differentiated into subgenital plates, ventromedial depression, and periostial lobes, subgenital plates 1/4–2/3 with of sternum VIII, narrowed anteriorly in most species, evenly sclerotized and unmodified or partially or entirely covered with foamed sculpture or microspines, wrinkled medially or folded in some species, with distinctly elongated and sclerotized posterolateral corners in S. agassizi sp. nov., posterior margin usually oblique medially, covered with short setae, medial margin straight or weakly undulate, anterior margin straight or convex, sclerotized in some species, with short (S. ethiopica sp. nov. and S. agassizi sp. nov.) or long (S. aptatella, S. kasyi Povolný, 1968) anteromedial extension, ventromedial depression usually covered with microspines, divided anteromedially into two lobes that differ in shape from slender, digitate, and elongated to broadly rounded, not reaching or extending beyond anterior margin of sternum VIII, subostial sclerites, if present, slender, elongated, extending from base of apophyses anteriores towards ostium; apophyses anteriores usually straight, rod-like, often broadened at base, usually longer than segment VIII, but occasionally very short; ductus bursae membranous, varying in length and width, intersection with corpus bursae gradual or distinct, colliculum usually distinct, belt- or ring-shaped; corpus bursae rounded or weakly elongated, membranous, rarely covered with microtrichia, basal plate of signum variable in shape and size from short and slender to large and subtriangular (S. caryocoloides Povolný, 1977), usually situated on right side on short projection of wall of corpus bursae in its posterior part, distal sclerite predominantly hook-shaped, weakly or strongly curved, acute, sometimes with medial expansion or short tooth, often with group of teeth on posterior margin near basal plate, signum rarely absent (i.e., S. ochrostigma Bidzilya &amp; Li, 2010) (needs confirmation).</p> <p>Biology. Host plants are known for about 90 of the 282 Palaearctic species. The larvae of most species are monophagous or oligophagous on Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, and Solanaceae (Sattler 1988: 230; Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya 2006). Records of host plants from other families have been reported for S. salicorniae (Hering, 1889) (Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2010: 21). Seven of 10 Afrotropical Scrobipalpa for which host plants are known feed on Solanaceae. Larvae are usually foliage feeders that live within a shelter, sometimes gregariously (S. obsoletella (Fischer von Röslerstamm, 1841), S. nana caroxyli (Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya, 2006)), among spun leaves or young shoots. Some species feed on flowers, fruits, or buds (S. concreta), others produce stem or twig galls (S. incola, S. ochroxantha sp. nov., S. gallicola Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya, 2003) or inhabits galls of Cecidomyiidae (S. maniaca Povolný, 1969; S. pulchra Povolný, 1967), and still others bore into shoots (S. helmins Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya, 2009), roots (S. sattleri Lvovsky &amp; Piskunov, 1989) or stems (S. clintoni Povolný, 1968). Leaf-mining is common among Scrobipalpa (S. aptatella, S. acuminatella (Sircom, 1850), S. chrysanthemella (E. Hofmann, 1867), S. ceratoides (Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya, 2006), S. concerna uzbeka (Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya, 2006) and others). True external living larvae are rather rare, as most live within a light silken shelter, leaving it to feed (S. ebertiana Povolný, 1967; S. maniaca Povolný, 1969). There are also species whose larvae feed on different parts of the plant during ontogenesis (S. pulchra; S. alterna (Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya, 2006); S. atriplicella (Fischer von Röslerstamm, 1841), S. artemisiella (Treitschke, 1833) and others). Pupation usually occurs outside the mine, in the larval habitats, rarely in a cocoon, in plant debris, or underground (S. nitentella (Fuchs, 1902), S. alia (Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya, 2006), S. helmins).</p> <p>Scrobipalpa species are most diverse in open arid landscapes of the Palaearctic region. They are the dominant gelechiids in halophytic habitats, dry mountains steppes, deserts, and semideserts. For example, among 143 species of Gelechiidae recorded from several localities in the southwestern part of the Kyzyl-Kum desert (Uzbekistan), 55 species belong to Scrobipalpa (Falkovitsh &amp; Bidzilya 2009). The genus is distributed from the sea level (coastal dunes) to about 3400 m in the mountains of Central Asia. In Africa, the majority of species are known from the arid regions of southern Africa and savannas of eastern Africa up to 3000 m in Kenya (Kenya Mt.) and 3100 m in Ethiopia (Simien Mts). Scrobipalpa ocellatella (Boyd, 1858), S. ergasima, S. concreta, and S. aptatella are among regional or worldwide pest of cultivated Amaranthaceae and Solanaceae.</p> <p>Distribution. Holarctic, Afrotropical, Oriental, and Australian regions.</p> <p>Notes. Among Scrobipalpa there are both superficially distinct species that can be identified by wing pattern, and uniformly coloured species for which reliable identification is nearly impossible without examining the genitalia. However, even differences in genitalia are very minor in some cases — some characters are variable within a species (length of saccus, length of apophyses, shape of signum and corpus bursae) and others appear to vary depending on the genitalia preparation and pressure of the cover slip. Additional difficulties may arise from comparing the male genitalia fixed using traditional methods and those made using the “unrolling” technique. Regardless, the presence of well-preserved specimens of both sexes are desirable for confident identification. Recent application of DNA study, COI in particular, for separating cryptic species has resulted in the discovery of many undescribed taxa among Palaearctic Gnorimoschemini (Bidzilya et al. 2019), including European Scrobipalpa (Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2020). An integrative approach based on the analyses of morphological and molecular data appears to be promising both for further study of biodiversity of the genus and for systematic arrangement of the species within genus.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E4639932C7C95B419BB57FE65	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E4635932F7C95B754BBE4FDC6.text	03D0116E4635932F7C95B754BBE4FDC6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa selectoides Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Key to the species based on male genitalia (males of S. selectoides sp. nov. and S. ethiopica sp. nov. are unknown)</p> <p>1. Vincular process longer than sacculus (Figs 149, 150)........................................................ 2</p> <p>- Vincular process equal to or shorter than sacculus........................................................... 3</p> <p>2. Valva strongly curved at base; vincular process broader than sacculus at base; saccus extending slightly beyond the top of pedunculus; apical lobe of phallus short (Fig. 150).................................................... S. ergasima</p> <p>- Valva not curved at base; vincular process as broad as sacculus at base; saccus extending well beyond the top of pedunculus; apical lobe of phallus large (Fig. 149)............................................................. S. aptatella</p> <p>3. Vincular process and sacculus about 1/7 length of valva (Figs 131, 132, 151, 152)................................. 4</p> <p>- Vincular process and sacculus longer than 1/7 length of sacculus............................................... 6</p> <p>4. Valva distinctly bent; saccus very slender (Figs 151, 152)....................................... S. agassizi sp. nov.</p> <p>- Valva weakly bent; saccus broad at base (Figs 131, 132)...................................................... 5</p> <p>5. Uncus parallel-sided, posterior margin straight; vincular process strongly curved outwards (Fig. 132)........... S. nomias</p> <p>- Uncus constricted in middle, posterior margin triangular; vincular process weakly curved outwards (Fig. 131).............................................................................................. S. nigristriana sp. nov.</p> <p>6. Posterior margin of uncus emarginated to 1/4–1/3 length (Figs 147, 148).................................. S. swakopi</p> <p>- Posterior margin of uncus straight or only slightly emarginated................................................. 7</p> <p>7. Valva sigmoidal (Figs 121, 122, 146)..................................................................... 8</p> <p>- Valva weakly curved.................................................................................. 9</p> <p>8. Valva exceeding posterior margin of uncus; sacculus nearly 1/2 length of valva (Fig. 146)............... S. portosanctana</p> <p>- Valva not exceeding posterior margin of uncus; sacculus 1/3 length of valva (Figs 121, 122)........... S. staudei sp. nov.</p> <p>9. Vincular process very short, hump-shaped (Fig. 139)............................................ S. brandbergensis</p> <p>- Vincular process long, from digitate to triangular........................................................... 10</p> <p>10. Vincular process broader than sacculus at base (Figs 91–98).................................................. 11</p> <p>- Vincular process narrower than sacculus at base........................................................... 12</p> <p>11. Saccus short, not extending beyond the top of pedunculus, parallel-sided (Fig. 98).................. S. turiensis sp. nov.</p> <p>- Saccus longer, extending beyond the top of pedunculus, tapered (Figs 91–97).................................... 12</p> <p>12. Valva broader than vincular process at base (Figs 96, 97)....................................... S. wieseri sp. nov.</p> <p>- Valva narrower than vincular process at base (Figs 91–95)................................................... 13</p> <p>13. Phallus as long as valva; saccus apically inflated (Fig. 95).................................. S. ochroxantha sp. nov.</p> <p>- Phallus longer than valva; saccus apically pointed or truncate (Figs 91–94)................................. S. incola</p> <p>14. Vincular process distinctly narrowed apically, apex pointed (Figs 106–110)...................................... 15</p> <p>- Vincular process weakly narrowed apically, apex rounded.................................................... 16</p> <p>15. Saccus tapered apically (Figs 106–108).......................................................... S. subroseata</p> <p>- Saccus truncate apically (Figs 109, 110)........................................................... S. biljurshi</p> <p>16. Valva distinctly curved at 1/3 (Figs 113, 114)................................................ S. wolframi sp. nov.</p> <p>- Valva gradually curved throughout...................................................................... 17</p> <p>17. Culcitula covering uncus ventrally (Figs 133, 134)............................................. S. munita sp. nov.</p> <p>- Culcitula not covering uncus ventrally................................................................... 18</p> <p>18. Valva extending well beyond top of uncus (Figs 115, 116).................................................... 19</p> <p>- Valva not or only slightly extending beyond top of uncus.................................................... 20</p> <p>19. Vincular process 1/2 width of adjacent portion of valva (Fig. 116)............................. S. varivansoni sp. nov.</p> <p>- Vincular process as broad as adjacent portion of valva (Fig. 115)............................... S. natalensis sp. nov.</p> <p>20. Base of uncus 1/2 width of base of tegumen (Figs 140–142).................................................. 21</p> <p>- Base of uncus 1/3 or less width of base of tegumen......................................................... 22</p> <p>21. Saccus weakly constricted before apex, extending slightly beyond top of pedunculus (Figs 141, 142)......... S. traganella</p> <p>- Saccus parallel-sided, not extending beyond top of pedunculus (Fig. 140)........................ S. etoshensis sp. nov.</p> <p>22. Saccus parallel-sided or weakly constricted in middle, broad (Figs 99–105, 145).................................. 23</p> <p>- Saccus broad at base, narrowing apically................................................................. 24</p> <p>23. Outer margin of sacculus distinctly bent; vincular process 2/3–3/4 length of sacculus (Fig. 145)............... S. geomicta</p> <p>- Outer margin of sacculus straight; vincular process as long as sacculus (Figs 99–105)....................... S. concreta</p> <p>24. Vincular process digitate, tapered, extending to top of sacculus (Figs 111, 112)............................. S. diversa</p> <p>- Vincular process a nearly equilateral triangle or an apically narrowed, outwardly curved process, not reaching top of sacculus.................................................................................................. 25</p> <p>25. Posterolateral emargination of vinculum nearly an equilateral triangle (Figs 118–120)................. S. typica sp. nov.</p> <p>- Posterolateral emargination of vinculum V-shaped or rounded (Figs 123–126).................................... 26</p> <p>26. Posterolateral emargination of vinculum rounded; saccus extending well beyond top of pedunculus (Figs 123–125)................................................................................................. S. obsoletella</p> <p>- Posterolateral emargination of vinculum V-shaped (Fig. 126)................................ S. afromontana sp. nov.</p> <p>27. Vincular process a nearly equilateral triangle, extending 2/3 length of sacculus (Fig. 128)........... S. admirabilis sp. nov.</p> <p>- Vincular process digitate, curved outwardly (Figs 117, 127).................................................. 28</p> <p>28. Vincular process parallel-sided, extending to about apex, with outwardly curved tip (Fig. 117)................ S. phelotris</p> <p>- Vincular process gradually curved outwardly (Fig. 127)......................................... S. erexita sp. nov.</p> <p>29. Sacculus extending nearly 1/2 length of valva (Figs 143, 144)................................... S. meridioafricana</p> <p>- Sacculus extending 1/3 or less length of valva (Figs 129, 130, 135–138)........................................ 30</p> <p>30. Sacculus extending 1/3 length of valva; uncus narrowed distally; valva extending to top of uncus (Figs 137, 138)............................................................................................ S. asantesana sp. nov.</p> <p>- Sacculus extending to 1/5–1/4 length of valva; valva not extending to top of uncus (Figs 129, 130, 135, 136)........... 31</p> <p>31. Sacculus strongly curved inwards; valva weakly broadened posteriorly, not extending to top of uncus (Figs 135, 136).......................................................................................... S. ochracea sp. nov.</p> <p>- Sacculus weakly curved inwards; valva distinctly broadened apically, extending to top of uncus (Figs 129, 130)................................................................................................ S. griseata sp. nov.</p> <p>Key to the species based on female genitalia</p> <p>(females of S. natalensis sp. nov., S. varivansoni sp. nov., S. phelotris, S. staudei sp. nov., S. afromontana sp. nov., S. admirabilis sp. nov., S. griseata sp. nov., S. nigristriana sp. nov. and S. ochracea sp. nov. are unknown)</p> <p>1. Subgenital plates wrinkled medially, foam sculpturing indistinct (Figs 153–157)............................. S. incola</p> <p>- Subgenital plate without wrinkles, unmodified or with foam sculpturing......................................... 2</p> <p>2. Anterior margin of sternum VIII distinctly projected anteriorly (Figs 193, 194, 196)................................ 3</p> <p>- Anterior margin of sternum VIII straight or weakly concave................................................... 5</p> <p>3. Apophyses anteriores thick, slightly longer than anteromedial projection of sternum VIII (Fig. 194)........... S. aptatella</p> <p>- Apophyses anteriores slender, distinctly longer than anteromedial projection of sternum VIII (Figs 193, 196)............ 4</p> <p>4. Subgenital plates with pointed posterolateral corners; distal sclerite of signum short, straight; basal plate slender (Fig. 196)....................................................................................... S. agassizi sp. nov.</p> <p>- Subgenital plates with rounded posterolateral corners; distal sclerite of signum long, curved at base; basal plate broad (Fig. 193)................................................................................ S. ethiopica sp. nov.</p> <p>5. Foam-sculptured patches of subgenital plates displaced posteriorly (Fig. 195)............................. S. ergasima</p> <p>- Foam-sculptured patches of subgenital plates, if present, medially or anteriorly.................................... 6</p> <p>6. Papillae anales with microtrichia and inner sclerites (Fig. 181).................................... S. munita sp. nov.</p> <p>- Papillae anales unmodified............................................................................. 7</p> <p>7. Subostial sclerites triangular, distinct; subgenital plate folded anteromedially (Figs 182, 183)........ S. asantesana sp. nov.</p> <p>- Subostial sclerites indistinct or absent; subgenital plate without anteromedial folds................................. 8</p> <p>8. Apophyses anteriores distinctly inflated at base (Fig. 184)....................................... S. brandbergensis</p> <p>- Apophyses anteriores not or only weakly inflated at base..................................................... 9</p> <p>9. Apophyses anteriores 1/3 length of segment VIII (Fig. 188)..................................... S. meridioafricana</p> <p>- Apophyses anteriores more than 1/3 length of segment VIII.................................................. 10</p> <p>10. Ventromedial depression teardrop-shaped anteriorly (Figs 173, 174, 189–191).................................... 11</p> <p>- Ventromedial depression not teardrop-shaped anteriorly..................................................... 13</p> <p>11. Ventromedial depression exceeding anterior margin of segment VIII; distal sclerite of signum inflated at middle (Figs 173, 174)................................................................................ S. wolframi sp. nov.</p> <p>- Ventromedial depression not reaching anterior margin of segment VIII; distal sclerite of signum not inflated at middle (Figs 189–191).......................................................................................... 12</p> <p>12. Ventromedial depression covered with foam sculpturing; signum comparatively thick (Fig. 191).......... S. portosanctana</p> <p>- Ventromedial depression unmodified; signum comparatively slender (Figs 189, 190)....................... S. geomicta</p> <p>13. Ventromedial depression digitate, exceeding anterior margin of segment VIII (Figs 185–187, 192).................... 14</p> <p>- Ventromedial depression rounded, not exceeding anterior margin of segment VIII................................. 17</p> <p>14. Distal sclerite of signum 1/2 width of corpus bursae (Fig. 187)........................................ S. traganella</p> <p>- Distal sclerite of signum less than 1/2 width of corpus bursae (Figs 185, 186, 192)................................ 15</p> <p>15. Ventromedial depression covered with distinct foam sculpturing (Figs 185, 192).................................. 16</p> <p>- Ventromedial depression wrinkled, foam sculpturing indistinct (Fig. 186)........................ S. etoshensis sp. nov.</p> <p>16. Cells of foam sculpturing small; subgenital plates nearly connected posteromedially; base of signum stout (Fig. 185)......................................................................................... S. selectoides sp. nov.</p> <p>- Cells of foam sculpturing large; subgenital plates broadly separated posteromedially; base of signum slender (Fig. 192)................................................................................................. S. swakopi</p> <p>17. Apophyses anteriores twice length of segment VIII (Fig. 158)............................... S. ochroxantha sp. nov.</p> <p>- Apophyses anteriores less than twice length of segment VIII.................................................. 18</p> <p>18. Segment VIII twice as broad as long (Figs 160–172)........................................................ 19</p> <p>- Segment VIII less than twice as broader as long (Figs 159, 175–180)........................................... 23</p> <p>19. Papillae anales pointed posteriorly (Fig. 160)................................................ S. turiensis sp. nov.</p> <p>- Papillae anales not pointed posteriorly (Figs 161–172)...................................................... 20</p> <p>20. Ventromedial depression elongated, length 3x width in the broadest part (Figs 161–167).................... S. concreta</p> <p>- Ventromedial depression subovate or rounded, length less than 3x width in the broadest part (Figs 168–172)........... 21</p> <p>21. Distal sclerite of signum with hump on posterior margin (Figs 170–172)........................................ 22</p> <p>- Distal sclerite of signum without hump on posterior margin (Figs 168, 169)............................. S. subroseata</p> <p>22. Ventromedial depression rounded (Fig. 170)....................................................... S. biljurshi</p> <p>- Ventromedial depression more elongated, subovate (Figs 171, 172)...................................... S. diversa</p> <p>23. Subgenital plates 1/4 width of sternum VIII (Fig. 180)................................................ S. nomias</p> <p>- Subgenital plates 1/3–1/2 width of sternum VIII (Figs 159, 175–179)........................................... 24</p> <p>24. Signum weakly curved (Figs 175–177, 179)............................................................... 25</p> <p>- Signum distinctly curved (Figs 159, 178)................................................................. 26</p> <p>25. Signum slender, long; ventromedial depression narrow (Fig. 179).................................. S. erexita sp. nov.</p> <p>- Signum thicker; ventromedial depression broad (Figs 175–177)................................... S. typica sp. nov.</p> <p>26. Apophyses anteriores weakly broadened at base; margin of signum smooth (Fig. 159)................ S. wieseri sp. nov.</p> <p>- Apophyses anteriores not broadened at base; margin of signum serrate (Fig. 178)........................ S. obsoletella</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E4635932F7C95B754BBE4FDC6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E463793287C95B4B6BA60F9E5.text	03D0116E463793287C95B4B6BA60F9E5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa incola (Meyrick 1912)	<div><p>Scrobipalpa incola (Meyrick, 1912)</p> <p>Figs 1–7, 91–94, 153–157</p> <p>Megacraspedus incola Meyrick, 1912: 60.</p> <p>Apatetris incola (Meyrick, 1912) — Meyrick 1925: 24.</p> <p>Gelechia bletrias Meyrick, 1913: 292. Synonymized by Janse 1958: 136.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa incola (Meyrick, 1912) — Janse 1958: 17, 136, pl. 28h, 36a, 42d, 74e; 1960: 237.</p> <p>Type material examined. Holotype of bletrias ♀, “Middelburg, 20.Oct.1910, A.J.T. Janse ” | “4795” | “ G. bletrias, 4795” | “ Gelechia bletrias M., Type No. 612.” (gen. slide 103/17, O. Bidzilya) (TMSA).</p> <p>Material examined. South Africa: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Pretoria, Transvaal, Nov. 1928 (gen. slide 5498 ♀; 8301 ♂); 1 ♀, Imbazuan, Zululand, x.24, A.S.T.J., Gelechia bletrias 1/1, E. Meyrick det., E. Meyrick Coll.; 1 ♀, Pretoria, 14.xi.’15 (Janse); 2 ♂, 4 ♀, Nylsvlei, Naboomspruit, 4,10,14,18,19. x.1975, C. Scholtz (10307 ♂; 10646 ♀ (gen. slide 280/ 12♀, 112/ 17♂, 113/ 17♀, O. Bidzilya); 2♀, Pretoria, 14.xi.1915 (Janse); 1 ♀, Salisbury, Jack., 26.ii.’15 (Janse); 2 ♂, Cullinan, TP, Nov.1939 (Ghent.) (gen. slide 279/12, 121/17, O. Bidzilya) (all TMSA); 1 ♂, Gauteng, Roodeplaat, 25˚38’S, 28˚23’E, 30.iv.2009 (D. Visser) | Pupa 31.v.2009, moth 27.vii.2009, eggplant gall (cut open) (MFN- 00093) (gen. slide 138/12, O. Bidzilya) (MfN); 2 ♂, 2 ♀, Rietvleidam, Naturreservaat, 2.iv, 25,26. v.1981, ex Datura (Vari) (gen. slide 273/ 12♂, 274/ 12♀, 109/ 17♀, 119/ 17♂, O. Bidzilya) (TMSA). Namibia: 1 ♂, Caudom Game Res., 17–19.xi.2008, 18˚ 30 S/ 20˚ 45 E (Koch) (MfN). Zimbabwe: 2 ex, Makoni, Rhodesia, galls Solanum, ex 14.xi.1910, Jack 201, 1911, 242, 400087 | No. 201 from interesting galls on Solanum sp.; 1 ♂, Makoni, 11.xi.1910 (gen. slide 14226); 1 ♀, Shangani, Rhod., G amberi, 20.ii.’18 (Janse) (all TMSA). Tanzania: 1 ♀, Zanzibar, Ungoja Kisimbani, 20.x.1987 (Feijen) (TMSA); 1 ♀, Tanzania, Arumeru District, Usa River, 1170 m, 13.viii.1991 (Aarvik) (gen. slide 2340, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♂, same data but 3.ix.1991 (gen. slide 288/17, O. Bidzilya) (all NHMO). Kenya: 1 ♀, Muguga, 28.x.1955 (Gardener), ex galls on Solanum trepidans (NHMUK); 1 ♀, Kenya, Rift Valley, Niavasha, 25˚ 45’S, 36˚24’E, 23.iv.2003 (Agassiz) (gen. slide No. DJLA 1426) (DA).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Scrobipalpa incola is a large species (wingspan 16–25 mm) with a yellowish-brown forewing with contrasting, distinct black markings along the longitudinal axis and a brown suffusion along the veins, especially at the apex and termen. Scrobipalpa wieseri sp. nov., S. turiensis sp. nov., and S. ochroxantha sp. nov. are darker and more uniformly coloured. Scrobipalpa concreta is usually smaller (11–16 mm), and the black markings are smaller and less distinct. The male genitalia of S. incola are characterized by a short, broad gnathos; a broad, apically rounded vincular process; and a sacculus with a straight inner portion and strongly narrowed outer margin in the distal part. Scrobipalpa ochroxantha sp. nov. is very similar, but differs in having the saccus distinctly narrowed apically (rather than nearly parallel-sided) and a longer caecum that is more than 1/3 the length of the saccus (1/ 3 in S. incola). The female genitalia are characterized by the anteromedially wrinkled subgenital plates with the outer margin outwardly projected near the base of the apophyses anteriores; a distally inflated antrum; and the signum hook usually bearing a short tooth on the upper surface. Scrobipalpa ochroxantha sp. nov. and S. wieseri sp. nov. differ in having longer apophyses anteriores, foam-sculptured rather than a wrinkled subgenital plate, and a different shape of the signum.</p> <p>Re-description. Adult (Figs 1–7). Wingspan 16–25 mm. Head, thorax and tegulae yellow, tegulae with brown base; labial palpus strongly upcurved, palpomere 2 yellow or yellow mixed with light brown on outer and lower surface, palpomere 3 slightly shorter and 1/2 width of palpomere 3, acute, yellow with a few brown scales before apex; scape yellow to light brown, flagellomeres dark yellow with narrow light brown rings; forewing ground colour yellow to light brown, four black dots edged with brown along longitudinal axis from base to 2/3, blackishbrown patch at base of costal margin, light brown suffusion along veins in costal 1/2 and apical 1/3 mainly, termen spotted with brown, cilia yellow, mixed with brown at wing apex; hindwing white, veins, margins and subapical 1/3 mottled with light brown, cilia white.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Figs 91–94). Uncus elongate, slightly shorter than 1/2 length of tegumen, weakly narrowed apically, conspicuously broadened at base; gnathos stout, distal sclerite broad, with pointed tip; tegumen twice as long as wide, with indistinct transition to uncus, weakly narrowed towards uncus, anteromedial emargination triangular, extending to 1/2–1/3 length of tegumen; valva weakly curved, slightly narrowed in middle, apex weakly inflated, extending to about top of uncus; sacculus about 1/3 length of valva, inner margin straight, outer margin narrowed apically in distal 1/2, separated from valva by deep, broad gap; vincular processes digitate, as long as sacculus but broader, apex rounded, separated from sacculus by deep, narrow gap; vinculum broad, posterior margin with deep, narrow, V-shaped medial incision; saccus broad at base, weakly narrowed towards truncate apex, usually projecting far beyond apex of pedunculus; phallus about as long as tegumen, caecum moderately inflated, about 1/3 length and from 1/4 to 1/2 width of phallus, apex pointed or rounded, with large downward curved hook.</p> <p>Female genitalia (Figs 153–157). Papillae anales elongate, ovate; apophyses posteriores about as long as of corpus bursae and ductus bursae combined; segment VIII slightly longer than wide, subgenital plates 1/3 width of segment VIII, posteromedially distinctly wrinkled along inner margin, outer margin with outwardly directed tooth near base of apophyses anteriores, anteromedial incision slender, subtriangular; apophyses anteriores 1/3 length of segment VIII, weakly broadened at base; ductus bursae long, gradually broadened towards comparatively small, egg-shaped corpus bursae, antrum short, rounded, distinctly inflated, colliculum comparatively long; signum broad at base, distal hook weakly curved with short tooth on upper surface, situated on right side near middle of corpus bursae.</p> <p>Biology. In his original description of M. incola, Meyrick (1912: 60) indicated that the type specimen was bred from “a large ovate woody gall (34 mm x 23 mm) on twig of unnamed shrub”. Among the material examined are specimens bred from galls on eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), Datura spp. and Solanum trepidans C.H. Wright (all Solanaceae). Adults were collected in October–December, February and April in South Africa and Zimbabwe, August–September in Tanzania, and late October in Kenya.</p> <p>Distribution: Kenya (first record), Tanzania (first record), Zimbabwe, Namibia (first record), South Africa.</p> <p>Remarks. Megacraspedus incola was described from a single female collected in “ Cape Colony, Kimberley, in December (Bro. J.H. Powell); one specimen ” (SAM) that lacks the abdomen. Janse (1958) considered Gelechia bletrias a junior synonym of M. incola on the basis their external similarity. Gelechia bletrias was described from a single female from Middelburg. Janse did not dissect the holotype, but provided a description of the genitalia of both sexes based on a series of specimens from others localities externally identical to the holotype. The female genitalia of the holotype of G. bletrias, examined by me, agree with those of S. incola in all details except for slightly shorter and broader apophyses anteriores, confirming the synonymy proposed by Janse.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E463793287C95B4B6BA60F9E5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E463093297C95B029BC62FAC9.text	03D0116E463093297C95B029BC62FAC9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa ochroxantha Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Scrobipalpa ochroxantha sp. nov.</p> <p>Figs 8–10, 95, 158</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♂, S. Africa, nr. Grahamstown, Burnt Kraal, 3317S, 2629E, reared ex. Solanum coccineum, Stem Galls, PEH 44, 29/5/85, coll. PEHulley / AcRH 480 (gen. slide 278/12, O. Bidzilya) (TMSA). Paratype: 1 ♀, same data as holotype, but PEH 41, 8.v.85 (gen. slide 261/12, O. Bidzilya) (TMSA); 1 ♀, S. Africa, nr. Grahamstown, Oatlands North, reared ex. Solanum rigescens, stem galls, 20.viii.1987 (Olckers) | AcRH 481(gen. slide 122/17, O. Bidzilya) (TMSA); 1 ♀, RSA, East Cape, Asante-Sana, 28.ii-5.iii.2014 (Mey) (gen. slide 147/17, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♀, South Africa, E. Cape, Graaff-Reinet District, Sneeuberg, Petersburg, 6–14.xi.2012 (Krüger) (gen. slide 108/17, O. Bidzilya) (TMSA).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Scrobipalpa ochroxantha sp. nov. can be recognized by its large size (17.8–20.0 mm) and nearly unicolorous light ochreous-brown forewing and brown hindwing with contrasting light yellowish-grey cilia. The broad, apically rounded vincular process of the male genitalia are very similar to those of S. incola, but differ in having a narrower saccus and longer caecum. The female genitalia are distinguished by a broadly foam-sculptured area along the inner margin of the subgenital plates, long apophyses anteriores and a signum with a small basal plate lacking a broadened basally distal hook. Scrobipalpa wieseri sp. nov. differs in its shorter, stronger curved and basally broader hook of the signum.</p> <p>Description. Adult (Figs 8–10). Wingspan 17.8–20.0 mm. Head yellowish brown to light brown; labial palpus strongly upcurved, light brown, outer surface dark brown at base, palpomere 2 twice length and twice width of palpomere 3, with moderate groove on underside; scape brown, antennal segments lights brown with whitish rings; thorax, tegulae, cilia and forewing uniformly ochreous; hindwing dark brown, cilia light yellowish grey.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Fig. 95). Uncus elongate, about 1/2 length of tegumen, weakly narrowed apically, slightly longer than broad at base, gnathos stout, distal sclerite broad, subtriangular with pointed tip; tegumen twice as long as wide, with indistinct transition to uncus, subrectangular, anteromedial emargination broad, triangular, extending to 1/3 length of tegument; valva weakly curved, slightly narrowed in middle, apex weakly inflated, reaching top of uncus; sacculus about 1/3 length of valva, triangular, tapered towards pointed tip, separated from valva by deep, broad gap; vincular processes digitate, as long as sacculus but broader, apex rounded, separated from sacculus by deep, narrow gap; vinculum broad, posterior margin with deep, narrow, V-shaped medial incision; saccus broad at base, tapered towards broadened apex, projecting far beyond apex of pedunculus; phallus slightly longer than tegumen, caecum moderately inflated, less than 1/3–1/2 length and 1/2 width of phallus, apex pointed with downwards curved hook.</p> <p>Female genitalia (Fig. 158). Papillae anales elongate, ovate; apophyses posteriores exceeding length from bottom of corpus bursae to posterior edge of segment VIII; segment VIII slightly longer than wide, subgenital plates 1/3 width of segment VIII, with digitate foam-sculptured patches along inner margin, both inner and outer margins straight, outer edge with gradual transition to apophyses anteriores, anteromedial incision slender, subtriangular; apophyses anteriores twice as long as segment VIII, broad at base; ductus bursae long, gradually broadened towards comparatively small, egg-shaped corpus bursae, antrum short, rounded, distinctly inflated, colliculum comparatively long; signum of even width in basal part, curved at an obtuse angle after 1/2 length, basal plate small, situated on right side near middle of corpus bursae.</p> <p>Biology. The larvae produce stem galls on Solanum coccineum Jacq. and S. rigescens Jacq. (Solanaceae). Adults were recorded in late February-early March, May, August and November.</p> <p>Distribution. South Africa.</p> <p>Etymology. The species name is derived from the Greek “ ochre ”—ocher, and “ xanthos ”—yellow, and refers to the yellowish-brown forewings.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E463093297C95B029BC62FAC9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E4631932A7C95B304BF37FB28.text	03D0116E4631932A7C95B304BF37FB28.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa wieseri Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Scrobipalpa wieseri sp. nov.</p> <p>Figs 11–14, 96, 97, 159</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♂, [South Africa] 2610, Bakgalta, Sebele, 28.viii.1969, MV Trap (gen. slide 131/21, O. Bidzilya) (NHMUK). Paratypes: 1 ♂, same data as holotype, but 1.viii.1969, BL Trap (B.M. gen. slide No. 34184 ♂) (NHMUK). Namibia: 1 ♂, 2 ♀, Windhoek, Okambara Lodge, 1600 m, GEO-WG 84, 17.viii.2007, 18°11’2226”E/ -22°34’875”S, leg. Dr. C. Wieser, Kärtner Landesmusem (gen. slide 115/12, O. Bidzilya) (MFN-00087) (LMK); 1 ♂, 4 ♀, same data, but 13.viii.2007 (gen. slide 114/ 12♀, O. Bidzilya) (MFN-00086); 1 ♂, 2 ♀, same data, but 16.viii.2007 (all LMK).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Scrobipalpa wieseri sp. nov. is a large species (wingspan 23–25 mm) with a uniformly coloured greyish-brown forewing with indistinct black markings, and a light brown head. The species resembles S. ochroxantha sp. nov., but the latter is smaller (18–20 mm) and has brighter, light brown rather than greyish-brown forewings and dark yellowish-grey cilia of the hindwings. The male genitalia of new species are defined by a valva that is broadened in the basal 2/ 3 in combination with a narrow, tapered sacculus that extends slightly beyond the top of the pedunculus. They can be distinguished from those of S. incola and S. ochroxantha sp. nov. by the stouter and broader valva and narrower sacculus. The female genitalia are very similar to those of S. ochroxantha sp. nov., but the signum is short and broadened towards the base in S. wieseri sp. nov., whereas it is long and not broadened at base in S. ochroxantha sp. nov. Additionally, the corpus bursae is larger and more elongate in S. wieseri sp. nov.</p> <p>Description. Adult (Figs 11–14). Wingspan 23.0–24.9 mm. Head light brown to pale, rarely mottled with brown-tipped scales; labial palpus upcurved, grey with a few dark scales at base and in middle, palpomere 2 uniformly grey on upper and inner surface, palpomere 3 about 2/3 length and 1/3 width of palpomere 2, acute; scape brown, flagellomeres light brown with dark basal rings; thorax, tegulae and forewing darker than head, with scattered grey brown-tipped scales, paired black dot at base and black dot in corner of cell in some specimens, fold with indistinct brown dash, edged with ochreous, cilia grey, brown-tipped; hindwing dark greyish brown with contrasting dark brown veins and margins, cilia grey.</p> <p>Variation. The ground colour of the forewing varies from grey to light brown, with markings poorly expressed in latter.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Figs 96, 97). Uncus large, comparatively wide, trapezoidal, weakly narrowed posteriorly, weakly rounded apically; gnathos with a short, very broad, axe-shaped distal sclerite with distinct tapered tip; tegumen about 2.5 times longer than wide, anterior margin with deep rounded emargination extending to about 1/3 length of tegumen; valva very wide from base to 2/3, distal 1/2 slightly narrowed, apex rounded, reaching top of uncus; sacculus 1/3 length and 1/3 width of valva, situated close to vincular process, tapered to outwards curved tip; vincular process wide, slightly longer than sacculus, separated by narrow incision; vinculum wide; saccus short, broad at base, narrow in distal portion, pointed to apex, slightly exceeding top of pedunculus; phallus long, slender, caecum weakly inflated, about 1/3 length of phallus, distal portion straight, apical hook curved.</p> <p>Female genitalia (Fig. 159). Papillae anales ovate, sparsely covered with setae; segment VIII subrectangular, longer than wide; apophyses posteriores long and narrow; sternum VIII evenly sclerotized, posterior margin with deep, narrow, medial emargination, subgenital plates 1/3 width of segment VIII, with digitate foam-sculptured patches along inner margin, both inner and outer margins straight, outer edge with gradual transition to apophyses anteriores, anterior margin of segment VIII emarginated posteriorly, ventromedial depression large, ovate, covered with foam-sculpture, not extending beyond anterior margin of sternum VIII; apophyses anteriores longer than segment VIII, broad at base; ductus bursae membranous, widened before entrance of corpus bursae, colliculum moderately long, antrum short, rounded, inflated; corpus bursae large, ovate, with well-defined junction with ductus bursae; hook of signum long, curved in middle, pointed, situated at 1/4 on right side of corpus bursae.</p> <p>Biology. Host plant unknown. Adults fly in August.</p> <p>Distribution. Namibia, South Africa.</p> <p>Etymology. The new species is dedicated to Christian Wieser (LMK), the collector of part of the type series of the new species.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E4631932A7C95B304BF37FB28	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E4632932B7C95B365BB6FFBD9.text	03D0116E4632932B7C95B365BB6FFBD9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa turiensis Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Scrobipalpa turiensis sp. nov.</p> <p>Figs 15, 16, 98, 160</p> <p>Material examined. Holotype ♂, KENYA, Rift Valley, Turi, 8000 ft, 15.v.1999, D.J.L. Agassiz (DJLA slide No. 1519 = gen. slide 281/14, O. Bidzilya) (DA). Paratype ♀, same data as holotype, but 12.xi.1999 (gen. slide 117/17, O. Bidzilya) (DA).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new species is characterised by its large size, its greyish-brown forewing with a diffuse grey oblique basal fascia, an irregular grey spot at 2/3 of costa, and grey markings in the cell. In addition, the yellowish white base of the hindwing contrasting with the grey cilia is also characteristic. Scrobipalpa subroseata is smaller (wingspan 12–17 mm), more contrasting, and lacks the grey oblique fascia and uniform cilia on the hindwing; S. wieseri sp. nov. is larger and darker, and the cilia of the hindwing are unicoloured. A very short (not extending to the top of pedunculus), broad saccus in combination with broad vincular process, broad valva, and phallus with a long (1/2 length of phallus) caecum are characteristic of the male genitalia of S. turiensis. Those of S. incola and S. ochroxantha sp. nov. differ in having a longer saccus, a shorter (less than 1/2 length of phallus) caecum, and a narrower gap between the vincular processes; S. concreta also has broad saccus, but its saccus is longer (extending to or exceeding the top of the pedunculus), and the vincular processes are narrower (not broader at the base than the sacculus). The female genitalia can be distinguished by broad and short segment VIII, elongated foam-sculptured lobes of ventromedial depression, large corpus bursae and comparatively long slender signum. The female genitalia of S. turiensis are most similar to those of S. diversa sp. nov., but they differ in that the foam-sculptured lobes of the ventromedial depression situated closer to the anterior margin of segment VIII in S. diversa.</p> <p>Description. Adult (Figs 15, 16). Wingspan 19.8–21.3 mm. Head light brown, with few scattered brown-tipped scales, frons white; labial palpus strongly upcurved, palpomere 2 light grey, densely mixed with brown except for upper surface, palpomere 3 light grey with brown basal and subapical ring, about 2/3 length and 1/3 width of palpomere 2; scape brown, antennal segments light brown with white rings; thorax and tegulae as in head; forewing covered with grey brown-tipped scales, grey oblique fascia from 1/3 of costa to mid-width, diffuse grey spot at 2/ 3 in mid-width, indistinct brown spot in middle and in 2/3 of costa, termen and costal margin distinctly mottled with brown, two brown dots edged with ochreous in fold and at 1/3 width before mid-length, another one at 2/3 length; cilia grey black-tipped; hindwing dark greyish brown, cilia grey, but yellow to white at base.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Fig. 98). Uncus subtriangular, gradually narrowed posteriorly; gnathos hook short, strongly curved at base, culcitula well developed; tegumen about 2.5 times longer than wide, anterior margin with deep rounded emargination extending nearly to 1/2 length, with gradual transition to uncus; valva broad, nearly uniform in width throughout, apex pointed, reaching top of uncus; sacculus 1/3 length of valva, situated closely to vincular process, moderately broad and tapered apically; vincular processes slightly broader at base and as long as sacculus, rounded apically, separated by broad U-shaped incision; vinculum wide; saccus short, broad at base, apex truncate, not exceeding top of pedunculus; phallus short, caecum weakly inflated, 1/2 length of phallus, distal portion straight, apex pointed, apical hook curved.</p> <p>Female genitalia (Fig. 160). Papillae anales ovate, densely covered with setae, apically pointed; apophyses posteriores about 3 times as long as apophyses anteriores; segment VIII twice as wide as long, posterior and anterior margins weakly emarginated, subgenital plates broad, without modification, lobes of ventromedial depression ovate, densely covered with foam-sculpture, broadly separated; apophyses anteriores as long as segment VIII, rodlike; ductus bursae long, narrow, uniform in width, colliculum broad; corpus bursae large, as long as ductus bursae, ovate, signum stout with long basal plate, distal hook weakly curved, narrowed apically, with pointed tip.</p> <p>Biology. Host plant unknown. Adults have been recorded in May and November at an altitude of about 2450 m.</p> <p>Distribution. Kenya.</p> <p>Etymology. The species name refers to the type locality Turi in the Rift Valley Province of Kenya.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E4632932B7C95B365BB6FFBD9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E463393357C95B2F5BFC6FADD.text	03D0116E463393357C95B2F5BFC6FADD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa concreta (Meyrick 1914)	<div><p>Scrobipalpa concreta (Meyrick, 1914)</p> <p>Figs 17–28, 99–105, 161–167</p> <p>Phthorimaea concreta Meyrick, 1914: 191.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa concreta (Meyrick, 1914) — Janse 1951: 203, Pl. 88, fig. 9, Pl. 91, fig. 7, Pl. 99, fig. 3, fig. 17, Pl. 94, fig. 3. Phthorimaea blapsigona Meyrick, 1916: 569. Syn. nov.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa asiri Povolný, 1980: 246, figs 4, 5, 6, 10. Syn. nov.</p> <p>Type material examined. Lectotype of concreta ♀, [South Africa] “Pretoria, 1.2.’13, A.J.T. Janse ” | “3577” | “ Ph. concreta, 3577” | “ Phthorimaea concreta M, Type No. 595” | “TM Lep. Het., Genitalia slide No. 11018” (TMSA). Paralectotype ♂, Pretoria, Transvaal, 28.iii.1910 (Janse), Phthorimaea concreta 2/3, Meyr., E. Meyrick det., in Meyrick coll., Meyrick coll. B.M. 1938-290, Genitalia slide ♂, B.M. 23715 (NHMUK).</p> <p>Lectotype of blapsigona ♂, “Coimbatore, S. India, TBF., bred, 1.8.15” | “ Phthorimaea blapsigona Meyrick, 6/1, E. Meyrick det., in Meyrick Coll” | “ Phthorimaea blapsigona Meyrick, J.F.G.C. 1948 ” | “ ♂ genitalia on slide J.F.G.C 8311, 5.xi.1948 ” | blapsigona Meyr ” | “ Lectotype ” (NHMUK); ♀, paralectotype of blapsigona “Coimbatore, S. India, TBF., bred, 1.8.15” | “ Phthorimaea blapsigona Meyrick, 6/5, E. Meyrick det., in Meyrick Coll” | “ Paralectotype ” (NHMUK). ♂, India, Coimbatore (gen. slide B.M. 23720) (NHMUK).</p> <p>Holotype of asiri ♂, [Saudi Arabia] “SW-Arabien, Asirgebirge, 2000 m, Wadi Marah, 81 km S Biljurshi, 24.iv.1979, H.G. Amsel ” |“Am. 5775” |“ Scrobipalpa asiri Povolný ” (SMNK). Paratypes: ♂, same data, but 26/ 27. iv.1979 (gen. slide Am. 5777); 2 ♀, same data, but 29.iv–2.v.1979 (gen. slide Am. 5759; gen. slide Am. 5760) (SMNK).</p> <p>Material examined. South Africa: 1 ♀, Pretoria, Transvaal. 13.vi.1917, CJS, Phthorimaea concreta 3/3, Meyr., E. Meyrick det., in Meyrick coll., Genitalia slide ♂, B.M. 23714 (NHMUK); 1 ♀, Pretoria, 29.ii.‘18 (Janse) (5482); 1 ♀, Pret. North, 26.ii.1917 (Swierstra); 1 ♂, New Hanover, Hardenb., viii.‘12 (Janse) (gen. slide 3754); 2 ♀, Umkomaas, 6,19.i.‘14 (Janse); 1 ♀, Umtali, 12.i.18 (Janse); 1 ♀, Prt. St. John, x.1915 (Swinny); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Grahamstown, 33.19S 26.32E, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.32&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.19" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.32/lat -33.19)">Reared</a> ex. Solanum coccineum, fruit, PEH 203, 11.iii.1987, coll. T. Olckers / AcRh 572 (gen. slide 255/ 12♂; 256/ 12♀; 115/ 17♂, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♀, Grahamstown, March 1939 (Omer-Cooper); 1 ♂, Louis Trichardt, 4–8.iv.1955 (Vari) (gen. slide 87/17, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♂, Malta, Ptbg., Feb. 1915 (van Son); 1 ♀, Zoutpan, Pta, 4–10.ii.1929 (van Son); 1 ♀, Van Niekerk Hotel nr. Gawai Bridge, 28–29.iv.1954 (Janse) (gen. slide 124/17, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♀, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=28.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.17" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 28.5/lat -32.17)">Transkei Dwesa Forest</a> Camp, 32.17S — 28.50E | 15.xii.1979; E-Y: 1685, to kerosene lamp (Endrödy-Yonga); 1 ♀, Reeston, C.P., 20.ii.1952 (Dikson); 1 ♀, Port Elizabeth, 17.viii.1949 (Dikson); 1 ♀, Woodbush, 1670 m, 2.i.1925 (Janse); 1 ♂, Barberton, 14–18.x.1951 (Janse); 1 ♂, Cape Prov., Kogelberg, Spinnekopneskloof | SE 34 19 BD, 28.iii.1981 (Kroon) (gen. slide 98/17, O. Bidzilya) (all TMSA); 1 ♂, 2613, Bakgalta, Sebele, RE Roome, 11.xi.1969, Bl Trap (B.M. gen. slide No. 34183); 1 ♂, same data, but 15.viii.1969, BL Trap (NHMUK); Western Cape, 14 km W Gouritsmond, Gourikwa (sea level), 34˚23’28”S, 21˚44’05”E, 1-3.xii.2016 (Aarvik, Larsen, Kingston) (NHMO). Mozambique: 1 ♀, Magude, xii.1910 (Swierstra) (gen. slide 88/ 17♀, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♂, Bela Vista, xi.1916 (Swierstra) (gen. slide 5821) (TMSA). Kenya: 1 ♂, Rift Valley, L. Bogoria, 3000ft., 19.ii.1999 (Agassiz) (DA). 1 ♀, Tanzania: Tanga, Amani, 5˚6’2”S, 38˚39’10”E, 1500ft, 27.iv.2001 (Agassiz) (gen. slide 118/17, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♀, Tanzania, Morogoro distr. &amp; Town: Kihonda 500 m, 16.iv.1993 (Aarvik) (gen. slide 2323, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♀, same data but 26.v.1993; 1 ♂, same data but 550-600 m, 5.iii.1992 (all NHMO). 1 ♂, 2 ♀, Ethiopia: Bahar Dar, xi.1969 (Sckäuffele) (gen. slide 207/ 18♀, 209/ 18♂, 127/ 21♀, O. Bidzilya) (SMNS). Sudan: 1 ♂, Wad. Medani, W Ciwhano, March 1943, bred from buds of eggplant (gen. slide 23708); 1 ♂, Sudan, Ed Damer, Hudeiba, 16.ii.1962 (Remane) (gen. slide 23719); 2 ♀, same data but 15.iii.1962 (gen. slide 23710, 23718). Benin: 1 ♀, Atlantique, Coptonou, Institute for Tropical Agricultural Research, on campus, ex flower bugs of Solanum macrocarpum, viii.2015 (Goergen) (gen. slide MIC 7580) (BOLD:AAZ2298); 3 ♂, same data as for proceeding, ex flower buds of Solanum aethiopicum (all CNC). Mauritius: 1 ♂, 2 ♀, Pte aux Piments, 16.iv.1998, ex Solanum melongena flowers (Ganeshan) (all NHMUK). India: 1 ♂, South India, Coimbatore, boring brinjal, bred, Ranmakrishna 001, 31.vii.1915 (BM. Genitalia slide 34177) (NHMUK).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Scrobipalpa concreta is a medium sized species with a light yellowish-grey forewing mottled with brown and with light brown markings in the cell and fold. The species is rather variable in both wing size and the degree of expression of brown pattern elements. Some specimens with weaker developed brown irroration (including holotype) resemble S. incola, but the latter is usually larger (wingspan to 25 mm). Specimens with distinct brown or light grey suffusion can be confused with specimens of S. subroseata that have reduced grey pattern. The smallest specimens with a wingspan of 12–14 mm are similar to those of S. obsoletella and S. typica sp. nov., but the latter is usually darker with distinct black markings. Specimens with a reduced brown pattern are indistinguishable from S. diversa. The male genitalia are characterized by an elongated sacculus in combination with a straight, digitate, apically-narrowed vincular process, short and broad saccus (not or only slightly extending beyond the top of the pedunculus), and the phallus pointed distally and weakly bent before its apex with a long caecum (1/2 length of phallus). Scrobipalpa subroseata shares with S. concreta most of these characters, except it has a slender and longer saccus and a narrower sacculus. In the female genitalia, the digitate, comparatively narrow, anteriorly broadly separated lobes of the ventromedial depression, in combination with a broad segment VIII, a large corpus bursae, and a long signum, are characteristic. Scrobipalpa diversa differs in having shorter apophyses anteriores that are as long as segment VIII (twice the length of segment VIII in S. concreta). For the differences from S. turiensis sp. nov., see the diagnosis of the latter species.</p> <p>Adult (Figs 17–28). Wingspan 12–18 mm. Head, thorax and tegulae yellow to light brown, some specimens with brown-tipped scales at base of tegulae and in middle of head forming medial line; labial palpus upcurved, maize-yellow, palpomere 2 with light brown basal and indistinct subapical ring, inner and upper surface yellowish white, palpomere 3 about 2/3 length and 1/3–1/2 width of palpomere 2, acute, yellowish brown with narrow basal and subapical rings; scape light brown, weakly darker than head, flagellomeres light brown with yellow rings; forewing ground concolorous with head and thorax, 3–4 light brown spots along longitudinal axis, brown spot confluent with spot in fold, diffuse brown pattern at base of costal margin, subcostal area and veins mottled with brown; some specimens densely suffused with greyish brown, giving a uniformly dark appearance with a weakly developed white tornal and dorsal spot at 3/4, cilia yellowish grey, brown-tipped; hindwing and cilia off-white to light grey.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Figs 99–105). Uncus comparatively wide, subtriangular, narrowed in posterior 1/4–1/3, apex weakly rounded; gnathos short, slender, weakly curved; culcitula well developed; tegumen about 2.5 times longer than wide, anterior margin with triangular emargination extending to about 1/3 length of tegumen, with gradual transition to uncus; valva slender, evenly curved, weakly narrowed in middle, apex rounded, extending to top of uncus; sacculus 1/3 length of valva, with broad gap to valva, situated close to vincular process, broad at base, then narrowed towards pointed and inward-curved tip; vincular process slender, digitate, narrowed apically, as long as or slightly shorter than sacculus, separated by U-shaped incision; vinculum narrow; saccus short and broad, parallel-sided or weakly constricted, apex truncate, extending to or slightly beyond top of pedunculus; phallus as long as valva, caecum weakly inflated, about 1/2 length of phallus, distal portion bent before apex on one side, apex pointed, apical hook distinct, down-curved.</p> <p>Female genitalia (Figs 161–167). Papillae anales ovate, rarely covered with setae, apophyses posteriores twice length of apophyses anteriores; segment VIII twice longer than broad, anterior margin weakly invaginated, subgenital plates large, unmodified; lobes of ventromedial depression digitate, narrow, densely covered with foam sculpture, broadly separated anteriorly and nearly joined posteriorly; apophyses anteriores 1.5 times as long as segment VIII, broadened at base; ductus bursae membranous, uniform in width, colliculum moderately long; corpus bursae large, as long as ductus bursae, egg-shaped, conspicuously differentiated from ductus bursae; hook of signum long, gradually curved, weakly serrated in middle, pointed, situated at 1/4 on right side of corpus bursae.</p> <p>Biology. Based on label data, adults have been reared from the fruit of Solanum coccineum (Solanaceae) in South Africa, buds of egg-plant in Sudan, from flowers of egg-plant in Mauritius and from flower bugs of Solanum macrocarpum and S. aethiopicum in Benin. Specimens from India were bred from “brinjal”— Solanum melongena L. Adults have been record from November to March, June and August in Africa, and late April at an altitude of 2000 m in Saudi Arabia.</p> <p>Distribution. India, Mauritius (first record), Ghana (Duodu 1985; Owusu-Ansah et al. 2001), DR Congo (Meyrick 1938), Saudi Arabia, Ethiopia (first record), Sudan (first record), Kenya (first record), Tanzania (first record), Mozambique (first record), South Africa.</p> <p>Remarks. Phthorimaea concreta was described from three specimens collected in Pretoria and Pinetown (Meyrick 1914: 191). The female from Pretoria was illustrated by Janse (1951, pl. 91, fig. 7) as the “type,” and that action is considered as a valid lectotype designation. Phthorimaea blapsigona was described from four specimens from southern India, Coimbatore. The lectotype was designated by Clarke (1969: 147, figs 2–2b). My examination of type specimens of S. blapsigona indicates their conspecificity with S. concreta based on both external and genitalia characters. Hence, the following synonymy is proposed: Scrobipalpa blapsigona (Meyrick, 1916) syn. nov. of Scrobipalpa concreta (Meyrick, 1914).</p> <p>Scrobipalpa asiri was described from the male holotype and three paratypes (1 male, 2 females) from the Asir Mountain in SW Saudi Arabia (Povolný 1980: 247) (SMNK). These specimens are similar superficially and in genitalia to specimens from Ethiopia, Tanzania and South Africa identified as S. concreta, including the holotype of the latter. Hence, the following synonymy is proposed: Scrobipalpa asiri Povolný, 1980 syn. nov. of Scrobipalpa concreta (Meyrick, 1914).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E463393357C95B2F5BFC6FADD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E462D93367C95B3F1BA61F9C2.text	03D0116E462D93367C95B3F1BA61F9C2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa subroseata (Meyrick 1932)	<div><p>Scrobipalpa subroseata (Meyrick, 1932)</p> <p>Figs 29–32, 106–108, 168, 169</p> <p>Phthorimaea subroseata Meyrick, 1932: 196.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa subroseata (Meyrick, 1932) — Povolný 1966: 131.</p> <p>Type material examined. Holotype of subroseata ♂, “ Uganda, Kampala, 29.xi.1930, H. Hargreaves ” | “17.xi.30, Red worm in Katunkuma, Em. 29.xi.1930 ” | “ Phthorimaea subroseata s p. nov., det. E. Meyrick ” | “Pres. By Imp. Inst. Ent. Brit. Mus. 1931-139” | “ ♂, genitalia on slide 6.xi.1948, J.F.G.C. 8318” | “ Holotype ” (NHMUK).</p> <p>Material examined. Kenya: 1 ♀, Rift Valley, Turi, 8000ft, 27.ii.2000 (Agassiz) (gen. slide 453/14, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♂, same data, but 8.v.1999 (gen. slide 100/17, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♂, same data, but 27.xi.1999 (DJLA Slide No. 1423); 1 ♂, same data, but 21.i.1999 (DJLA Slide No. 1534 = gen. slide 298/14, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♀, same data, but 25.vi.1999 (DJLA Slide No. 1424); 1 ♀, same data, but 24.xii.1998 (DJLA Slide No. 1351); 1 ♂, same data, but 14.xii.1998 (DJLA Slide No. 1462); 1 ♀, same data, but 21.xii.1999 (DJLA Slide No. 1445); 1 ♀, Eastern Lewa, 2000 m, 0˚8’36”N, 37˚27’28”E, 26.xi.2011 (Agassiz) (DJLA Slide No. 1524 = gen. slide 286/14, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♀, Rift Valley, L. Bogoria, 1000 m, 0˚21’N, 36˚04’E, 10.viii.2007 (Agassiz) (DJLA Slide No. 1527 = gen. slide 291/14, O. Bidzilya) (all DA). Tanzania: 3 ♀, Arusha, Ngorongoro, 7500ft, 3˚14’37”S, 35˚30’41”E, 8.v.2001 (Agassiz) (DJLA Slide No. 1515 = gen. slide 206/14, O. Bidzilya) (DA).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Scrobipalpa subroseata is a medium sized (wingspan 12–17 mm) species with a light brown forewing with distinct blackish-brown suffusion along the margins and apex. It is similar to S. concreta, but the latter is usually lighter with less distinct dark irroration, especially at the apex, and has lighter hindwings. Scrobipalpa wolframi sp. nov. is also similar, but the dorsal margin and apex lack the darkened scales typical of S. subroseata. In addition, Scrobipalpa wieseri sp. nov. is much larger (wingspan 23–25 mm) and more uniformly coloured, lacking distinct markings. The male genitalia of S. subroseata are similar to those of S. concreta in all details, but those of the former can be distinguished by a longer and narrower saccus. The comparatively broad, ovate lobes of the ventromedial depression and the signum lacking a short medial dentation are characteristic for the female genitalia of S. subroseata. In S. concreta the lobes of the ventromedial depression are distinctly narrowed posteriorly, and the hook of signum has a short thorn in middle. For differences from S. biljurshi see the diagnosis below for that species.</p> <p>Adult (Figs 29–32). Wingspan 12.0–17.5 mm. Head yellowish brown; labial palpus upcurved, light brown, palpomere 2 mottled with dark brown on outer and lower surface, inner and upper surface yellowish white, segment 3 light brown with dark basal and medial rings; scape brown mixed with dark yellow, flagellomeres light brown with contrasting dark brown rings; thorax and tegulae darker than head, covered with yellowish-brown scales tipped with dark brown; forewing with margins, apex and termen with distinct blackish-brown suffusion, costal margin often with diffuse dark spots at 1/4 and 2/3, central area light brown with ochreous-brown irroration along veins and in fold, diffuse paired black spots in middle and corner of cell, short brown streak in fold, diffuse light fascia at 3/ 4 in some specimens, cilia dark yellow with black tips; hindwing dark greyish brown with grey cilia.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Figs 106–108). Uncus comparatively wide, subrectangular or weakly narrowed from base to 2/3–3/4, distal part subtriangular with rounded posterior margin; gnathos short, slender, weakly curved; culcitula well developed, elongated; tegumen about 2.5 times longer than wide, anterior margin with triangular emargination extending to about 1/3–1/2 length of tegumen, with gradual transition to uncus; valva slender, evenly bent, weakly narrowed in middle, apex rounded, not reaching top of uncus; sacculus 1/3 length of valva, with broad gap to valva, situated close to vincular process, with both margins weakly bent, apex with pointed, and inward-curved tip; vincular process slender, digitate, narrowed apically, as long as or slightly shorter than sacculus, separated by V-shaped incision; vinculum narrow; saccus broad at base, tapered towards apex, extending beyond top of pedunculus; phallus as long as valva, caecum weakly inflated, about 1/2 length of phallus, distal portion weakly narrowed towards pointed or weakly rounded apex, apical hook slender, down-curved.</p> <p>Female genitalia (Figs 168, 169). Papillae anales narrow, subtriangular, covered with setae, apophyses posteriores about 3 times as long as apophyses anteriores; segment VIII twice as long as wide, anterior margin weakly invaginated, subgenital plates unmodified; lobes of ventromedial depression ovate, comparatively broad, densely covered with foam-sculpturing, separated anteriorly by triangular incision, joined posteriorly; apophyses anteriores twice length of segment VIII, broadened at base; ductus bursae membranous, of uniform width, colliculum short; corpus bursae shorter than ductus bursae, egg-shaped, clearly differentiated from ductus bursae; signum with large basal plate, distal hook long, gradually curved, pointed, placed at 1/4 on right side of corpus bursae.</p> <p>Biology. The larvae feed on “katunkuma” — Solanum anguivi Lam. (Solanaceae). Adults are recorded from February to December.</p> <p>Distribution. Uganda, Kenya (first record), Tanzania (first record).</p> <p>Remarks. The photograph of male genitalia of the holotype of Ph. subroseata in Clarke (1969: pl. 82, fig. 3b) does not match the genitalia of the holotype on slide “J.F.G.C. 8318” (Fig. 106).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E462D93367C95B3F1BA61F9C2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E462E93377C95B000BCA7F974.text	03D0116E462E93377C95B000BCA7F974.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa biljurshi Povolny 1980	<div><p>Scrobipalpa biljurshi Povolný, 1980</p> <p>Figs 33–36, 109, 110, 170</p> <p>Scrobipalpa biljurshi Povolný, 1980: 244, figs 1, 3, 9.</p> <p>Type material examined. Holotype of biljurshi ♂, [Saudi Arabia] “SW-Arabien, Asirgebirge, 2000 m, Wadi Marah, 81 km S Biljurshi, 26./ 27.iv.1979, H.G. Amsel ” (gen. slide 177/15, O. Bidzilya) (SMNK). Paratypes: 1 ♂, 3 ♀, same data as holotype (gen. slide Am. 5757 ♀, 5758 ♀, 5781 ♂, D. Povolný; 176/ 15♀, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♀, same data, but 22.iv.1979 (gen. slide Am. 5774, D. Povolný); 1 ♂, 2 ♀, same data, but 29.iv–2.v. 979 (gen. slide Am. 5756 ♀, Am. 5772 ♀, Am. 5776 ♂, D. Povolný); 1 ♂, 2 ♀, same data, but 17–21.iv.1979 (gen. slide Am. 5773 ♀; 182/ 15♀, O. Bidzilya) (all SMNK).</p> <p>Material examined. Ethiopia [„ Äthiopien “]: 1 ♂, Addis-Abeba, 19.vi.1979 | Dr. Angenstein, Mgdbg., DDR, 3799 (gen. slide 190/07, O. Bidzilya) (MfN).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The species is characterized externally by a brown forewing suffused with black, the black markings along the costa and in the cell, and usually with a distinct, light brown, subapical fascia. Scrobipalpa biljurshi is superficially nearly indistinguishable from S. subroseata, but it usually can be differentiated by its darker hindwing. The male genitalia of S. biljurshi are extremely similar to those of S. subroseata but differ in having a parallel-sided, truncate (gradually tapered in S. subroseata) saccus. The female genitalia of S. biljurshi are defined by the comparatively large lobes of the ventromedial depression in combination with the distinctly narrowed distal 1/3 of the signum (weakly narrowed in S. subroseata).</p> <p>Redescription. Adult (Figs 33–36). Wingspan 14–17 mm. Head, thorax and tegulae covered with brown dark tipped scales, frons uniformly brown; labial palpus upcurved, light brown, palpomere 2 with dark, greyish-black basal and medial belt, palpomere 3 mixed with dark brown, acute; scape brown, flagellomeres brown with yellowish-brown rings; forewing covered with light brown scales tipped with brown to black mainly in basal 1/3, along margins, and in apical 1/4, black diffuse spots at base, 1/3, and 2/3, diffuse brown fascia separating darker greyish black apical 1/4, distinct or hidden with grey surroundings, paired black spots in mid-wing and in corner of cell, fold and veins mottled with reddish brown in some specimens, cilia light brown tipped with dark brown; hindwing light grey, shaded with dark grey along margins and at apex, cilia grey.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Figs 109, 110). Uncus comparatively wide, subrectangular to 1/2 length, then gradually narrowed towards weakly rounded apex; gnathos short, slender, weakly curved; culcitula well developed, elongated; tegumen about 2.5 times longer than wide, anterior margin with triangular emargination extending to about 1/3–1/2 length of tegumen, with gradual transition to uncus; valva slender, evenly bent, weakly narrowed in middle, widened in distal 2/3, apex rounded, not extending to top of uncus; sacculus 1/3 length of valva, with broad gap to valva, situated close to vincular process, with both margins weakly bent, apex with pointed and curved inwards tip; vincular process slender, digitate, narrowed apically, as long or slightly shorter than sacculus, separated by V-shaped incision; vinculum narrow; saccus parallel-sided, truncate, extending beyond top of pedunculus; phallus as long as valva, caecum weakly inflated, about 1/2 length of phallus, distal portion weakly narrowed towards pointed or weakly rounded apex, apical hook slender, down-curved.</p> <p>Female genitalia (Fig. 170). Papillae anales ovate, densely covered with setae; apophyses posteriores about 2.5 times as long as apophyses anteriores; segment VIII twice as broad as long, both anterior and posterior margins evenly invaginated, subgenital plates broad, without modification, lobes of ventromedial depression round to ovate, densely covered with foam-sculpturing, extending to anterior margin of segment VIII, separated by triangular anteromedial incision; apophyses anteriores as long as or slightly longer than segment VIII, comparatively broad at base, acute in distal part; ductus bursae 1.5 times as long as corpus bursae, weakly narrowed towards corpus bursae, colliculum distinct, band-shaped; corpus bursae egg-shaped, basal plate of signum stout, situated near entrance of ductus bursae, distal hook long, strongly curved at base, distal 1/3 slender, pointed.</p> <p>Biology. Host plant unknown. Adults have been recorded from late April to early May at altitudes of 2000–2350 m in Saudi Arabia, and in mid-April in Ethiopia.</p> <p>Distribution. Saudi Arabia, Ethiopia (first record).</p> <p>Remarks. Scrobipalpa biljurshi was described from the male holotype and 4 males and 7 females collected in the Asir Mountains in SE Saudi Arabia. I had an opportunity to study the type series deposited in SMNK. The species is very similar both superficially and in genitalia to S. subroseata. I found only minor differences between the two species that allow me to consider S. biljurshi as separate species for the time being. However, the relationship between the two should be investigated using DNA.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E462E93377C95B000BCA7F974	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E462F93307C95B0ACBAB2FA70.text	03D0116E462F93307C95B0ACBAB2FA70.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa diversa (Janse 1950)	<div><p>Scrobipalpa diversa (Janse, 1950)</p> <p>Figs 37–40, 111, 112, 171, 172</p> <p>Aristotelia diversa Janse, 1950: 110, Pl. 65, fig. 1, Pl. 63, fig. 3, Pl. 58, fig. 11, Pl. 54, fig. 4, pl. 62, figs 7, 8.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa diversa (Janse, 1950) — Bidzilya 2007: 101, fig. 44, Pl. 7, fig. 8 (misidentification of S. wolframi sp. nov.).</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♂, [Namibia] “Abachaus, SWA, July 41, G. Hobohm ” | “g. 6052” | “ Aristotelia diversa Janse, ♂, Type No. 3095” (TMSA). Paratypes: 2 ♀, Abachaus, SWA, Feb. 43, G. Hobohm | g. 6051| Aristotelia diversa Janse, ♀, Cotype No. 3096, 3097 (TMSA).</p> <p>Material examined. 1 ♀, [Namibia] Abachaus, S.W.A., July, 44 (Hobohm) (gen. slide 36/13, O. Bidzilya) (TMSA); 1 ♂, Abachaus, S.W.A., May, 43 (Hobohm) (gen. slide g. 8527); 1 ♀, Abachaus, S.W.A., Feb, 44 (Hobohm); 1 ♀, Abachaus, S.W.A., 1.ii.1950 (Hobohm); 1 ♀, Abachaus, S.W.A., April, 43 (Hobohm) (gen. slide 130/21, O. Bidzilya) (all TMSA).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The species is characterized by a light, straw-yellow forewing with brown suffusion and indistinct brown markings. Based on external features alone, it can hardly be separated from specimens of S. concreta which have a reduced brown pattern. For differences from S. wolframi sp. nov. see the diagnosis of that species. The male genitalia of S. diversa resemble those of S. concreta and S. subroseata, though the sacculus is broader and less narrowed apically.</p> <p>Re-description. Adult (Figs 37–40). Wingspan 14–17 mm. Head, thorax and tegulae straw yellow, with diffuse brown-tipped scales in some specimens; labial palpus upcurved, concolorous with head, palpomere 2 mixed with brown on lower and outer surface, palpomere 3 slightly more than 1/2 length and 1/3–1/2 width of segment 2, acute, with brown subapical ring and some brown-tipped scales; scape light brown, flagellomeres light brown with yellow rings; forewing straw yellow, more or less distinctly mixed with light brown along termen, costal margin with indistinct light brown suffusion, very diffuse basal block and indistinct elongated spot at 1/2 and 2/3 of costa, two brown spots in cell, brown dash in fold, cilia yellow brown-tipped; hindwing and cilia light grey.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Figs 111, 112). Uncus longer than broad; gnathos short, slender, weakly curved; culcitula well developed, elongated; tegumen moderately elongated; valva gradually curved and weakly constricted in middle, apex rounded, extending to top of uncus; sacculus about 1/3 length of valva, about as broad as valva at base, subrectangular, weakly tapered apically, separated from valva by wide gap; vincular processes narrow, triangular, nearly as long as sacculus, rounded or weakly tapered apically, gap to sacculus indistinct; vinculum slightly broader than long, medial incision U-shaped; saccus moderately broad, weakly narrowed apically, extending slightly beyond top of pedunculus; phallus straight, caecum rounded, strongly inflated, 1/2–1/3 length of phallus, apex pointed with downwards curved hook.</p> <p>Female genitalia (Figs 171, 172). Papillae anales ovate, densely covered with setae; apophyses posteriores about 2.5 times as long as apophyses anteriores; segment VIII twice as broad as long, both anterior and posterior margins evenly invaginated, subgenital plates broad, without modification, lobes of ventromedial depression ovate or teardrop-shaped, densely covered with foam-sculpturing, slightly edged anteriorly, separated by narrow triangular anteromedial incision, extending to anterior margin of segment VIII; apophyses anteriores as long as or slightly shorter than segment VIII, very slender, rod-like; ductus bursae slightly longer than corpus bursae, of uniform width, colliculum distinct, band-shaped; signum with broad basal plate, distal hook slender, long, posterior edge with short medial tooth, situated on right side before middle of corpus bursae.</p> <p>Biology. Host plant unknown. Adults fly in February, April and July.</p> <p>Distribution. Namibia.</p> <p>Remarks. The species was described from the male holotype and two females collected in Abachaus (Namibia). The records from Brandberg (Bidzilya 2007: 101) should be referred to S. wolframi sp. nov.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E462F93307C95B0ACBAB2FA70	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E462893317C95B39DBA3CF9BD.text	03D0116E462893317C95B39DBA3CF9BD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa wolframi Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Scrobipalpa wolframi sp. nov.</p> <p>Figs 41–43, 113, 114, 173, 174</p> <p>Scrobipalpa diversa (Janse, 1950) — Bidzilya 2007: 101, fig. 44, Pl. 7, fig. 8 (misidentification).</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♀, [Namibia] Nababiep, C.P., 13–14.viii.1961, Vari &amp; van Son (gen. slide 129/21, O. Bidzilya) (TMSA). Paratypes: 4 ♀, Brandberg, Wasserfallfläche, 1940 m, 22.iii.2001, LF (Mey) (gen. slide 128/21, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♂, 3 ♀, Namibia, Brandberg, am Königstein, 21.iii.2001, 2400 m (Mey) (gen. slide 24/06 ♂, W. Mey; 306/07 ♀, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♀, Namibia, Brandberg, Tsisab, 1.iii.2002 (Turm) (Mey) (gen. slide 96/05, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♀, Namibia, Koiimasis, Tiras Berge, 6.iii.2005, LF (Mey) (all MfN). South Africa: 1 ♀, Namibia, Richtersveld, Numees, Helskloof Gate, 9–12.x.2001, LF (Mey) (MfN); 1 ♂, North Cape, Richtersveld Nat. Park, Koerogapvlakte, 62 km NO Alexander Bay, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=17.025833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.2355" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 17.025833/lat -28.2355)">Succulent-Karoo</a> / BIOTA, 18.x.2003, 07.02.1632, 28 14 07.8 S, 17 1 33.0 E, hand light trap, 20–22.ix.2003 (Willers &amp; Deckert) (gen. slide 204/12, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♀, P.K. le Roux Dam, Van der Kloof, C.P., 8–12.iv.1970 (Vari &amp; Snyman) (gen. prep. 126/21, O. Bidzilya) (all TMSA).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Scrobipalpa wolframi sp. nov. is a medium-sized (14–17 mm), light-brown species with distinct black markings at the costal margin; the latter separates this species from S. concreta, S. diversa and small specimens of S. incola. Scrobipalpa subroseata is a variable species and some specimens also have black spots along costa, but the forewing in S. subroseata is distinctly darker, usually mottled with black along the termen and dorsal margins, and with a greyish-brown rather than light-grey hindwing. The male genitalia of S. wolframi sp. nov. are defined by a valva that is strongly curved at 1/3, a sacculus that is strongly directed inwards, a broad uncus, and a short triangular vincular process. Scrobipalpa diversa differs in the longer and narrower vincular process, more weakly curved valva, and narrower uncus. The female genitalia of S. wolframi sp. nov. are well recognizable by the rounded posteromedial corners of segment VIII; the outwardly bulged outer margin of segment VIII; subrectangular rather than ovate lobes of the ventromedial depression; very narrow apophyses anteriores; and the hook of the signum strongly inflated in the middle. This combination of characters is unique among Afrotropical Scrobipalpa.</p> <p>Description. Adult (Figs 41–43). Wingspan 13.7–17.0 mm. Head, thorax and tegulae uniformly light brown to orange brown, except base of tegulae with a few brown-tipped scales; labial palpus upcurved, light brown, outer and upper surface of palpomere 2 mottled with brown scales, especially at base, with brush of scales at lower surface, palpomere 1/3 as long and 1/2 as wide as palpomere 2, with brown basal and subapical belts, acute; scape light brown, flagellomeres light brown with yellowish rings; forewing light brown to fuscous, mottled with ochreous and dark brown, costal margin with three diffuse black spots at base, 1/3 and 3/4, two indistinct black dots in middle of wing, another at 2/3 length, fold mottled with light brown with black dash before mid-length, apical area mottled with grey black-tipped scales; cilia light brown with blackish tip; hindwing grey with light grey cilia.</p> <p>Variation. There is a limited variation in expression of dark markings on costal margin.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Figs 113, 114). Uncus about as long as wide, rounded in distal 1/2, with gradual transition to tegumen; gnathos short, slender, weakly curved; tegumen comparatively broad and short with triangular anteromedial emargination extending to 1/3–1/2 length of tegumen; valva strongly curved at about 1/3, nearly uniform in width, but apex weakly inflated, extending to top of uncus; sacculus about 1/3 length of valva, narrow, tapered apically, separated from valva by wide gap, directed strongly inwards; vincular processes broad, triangular, shorter than sacculus, tapered apically, separated from sacculus by deep, very narrow gap; vinculum slightly broader than long, medial incision V-shaped; saccus moderately broad, parallel-sided, extending slightly beyond top of pedunculus; phallus weakly curved before apex, caecum rounded, 1/2 length of phallus, strongly inflated, apex pointed with downwards curved hook.</p> <p>Female genitalia (Figs 173, 174). Papillae anales ovate, densely covered with setae; apophyses posteriores about 3 times as long as apophyses anteriores; segment VIII as broad as long, outer margin bulged outward, subgenital plates broad, without modification, lobes of ventromedial depression subrectangular, narrowed posteromedially, densely covered with foam-sculpturing, sclerotized anteriorly, separated by narrow anteromedial incision, exceeding to or slightly extending anterior margin of segment VIII; apophyses anteriores slightly shorter than segment VIII, slender, rod-like; ductus bursae slightly longer than corpus bursae, weakly widened before rounded corpus bursae; signum stout with broad basal plate, posterior edge of distal hook nearly straight, anterior edge strongly inflated in middle, apex pointed and weakly curved, situated on right side before middle of corpus bursae.</p> <p>Biology. Host plant unknown. Adults fly in September–October, March–April and in August.</p> <p>Distribution. Namibia, South Africa.</p> <p>Etymology. The species is named in the honour of Wolfram Mey, the collector of part of type series, in the recognition of his outstanding contribution to the study of Afrotropical Lepidoptera.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E462893317C95B39DBA3CF9BD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E462993327C95B0D1BB54FCB1.text	03D0116E462993327C95B0D1BB54FCB1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa natalensis Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Scrobipalpa natalensis sp. nov.</p> <p>Figs 44, 115</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♂, [South Africa] Karkloof, Natal, 21.i.1917, A.J.T. Janse (gen. slide 182/17, O. Bidzilya) (TMSA).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new species is characterized externally by its uniformly greyish-brown forewing and its small size (wingspan 10.5 mm). Superficially, it resembles small individuals of S. typica sp. nov., but differs in the absence of black markings on the forewing. Scrobipalpa ochracea sp. nov. differs in having a lighter forewing with the veins distinctly mottled with ochreous brown. The long valva in combination with the short sacculus are characteristic for the male genitalia. For differences from S. varivansoni sp. nov., see the diagnosis of the latter species.</p> <p>Description. Adult (Fig. 44). Wingspan 10.5 mm. Head, thorax and tegulae covered with brown grey-tipped scales; labial palpus upcurved, outer surface of palpomere 2 brown, rarely mixed with grey, inner and upper surface grey, palpomere 3 brown with medial and apical rings; scape brown, flagellum brown with narrow dirty-white rings; thorax and forewing uniformly greyish brown; hindwing and cilia grey.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Fig. 115). Uncus twice as long as broad, gradually narrowed apically, posterior margin rounded; gnathos short, weakly curved, culcitula well developed, elongated; tegumen elongated, anterior emargination extending to 1/3 length; valva broad at base, then nearly uniform in width, weakly narrowed in middle, gradually curved, extending far beyond top of uncus; sacculus slightly broader than valva in middle, and about 1/7 length of valva, narrowed distally, subrectangular with distinct posterolateral corner, apex with pointed, inward-curved tip, separated from valva by large triangular gap; vincular processes subtriangular, slightly shorter than sacculus, as broad at base as sacculus, distally narrow, outwardly curved, separated from sacculus by broad gap; vinculum slightly broader than long, medial incision deep, triangular; saccus broad at base, then narrowed towards pointed apex, extending slightly beyond top of pedunculus; distal portion of phallus straight, apex rounded with distinct, weakly curved hook, caecum weakly swollen, about 1/3 length of distal portion of phallus.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Unknown.</p> <p>Biology. Host plant unknown. The holotype was collected in January.</p> <p>Distribution. South Africa.</p> <p>Etymology. The species name refers to its type locality in KwaZulu-Natal Province of South Africa.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E462993327C95B0D1BB54FCB1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E462A93337C95B5DDBB37FF38.text	03D0116E462A93337C95B5DDBB37FF38.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa varivansoni Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Scrobipalpa varivansoni sp. nov.</p> <p>Figs 45, 116</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♂, [Namibia], Nababieb, C.P., 13–14.viii.1961, Vari &amp; van Son (gen. slide 173/17, O. Bidzilya) (TMSA).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new species is nearly indistinguishable externally from S. asantesana sp. nov., but it is larger (wingspan 14.0 mm vs to 9.2–11.0 mm) and has a more contrasting creamy-white subcostal pattern. The male genitalia are recognized by a combination of the valva far exceeding the top of uncus and a short sacculus. They are most similar to those of S. natalensis sp. nov., from which they can be distinguished by their shorter tegumen, stronger curved valva, and broader vincular process.</p> <p>Description. Adult (Fig. 45). Wingspan 14.0 mm. Head, thorax and tegulae covered with brown grey-tipped scales, frons light grey; labial palpus upcurved, palpomere 2 light grey to white, mottled with brown on lower surface, palpomere 3 light grey with diffuse medial and subapical rings; scape brown with greyish-white scales distally, flagellum brown, white-ringed; forewing covered with grey brown-tipped scales, diffuse creamy-white narrow longitudinal pattern under costal margin from base to about 2/3–3/4 length, indistinct brown spot at base under costal margin, diffuse black spots on 1/3 and 2/3 on mid-width, folds slightly mixed with light brown; cilia grey, black-tipped; hindwing and cilia light grey.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Fig. 116). Uncus twice as long as broad, gradually narrowed apically, posterior margin rounded; gnathos short, weakly curved, culcitula well developed, elongated; tegumen elongated, anterior emargination extending to 1/4 length; valva broad at base, then nearly uniform in width, weakly narrowed in middle, gradually curved, extending far beyond top of uncus; sacculus slightly broader than valva in middle, about 1/8 length of valva, narrowed distally, subrectangular with distinct posterolateral corner, apex with pointed inward-curved tip, separated from valva by large triangular gap; vincular processes slightly shorter than sacculus, broad at base, distally very narrow, outwardly curved, separated from sacculus by broad gap; vinculum slightly broader than long, medial incision deep, triangular; saccus slender, evenly narrowed towards weakly rounded apex, extending slightly beyond top of pedunculus; distal portion of phallus straight, apex rounded with distinct, weakly curved hook, caecum moderately swollen, about 1/3 length of distal portion of phallus.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Unknown.</p> <p>Biology. Host plant unknown. The holotype was collected in mid-August.</p> <p>Distribution. Namibia.</p> <p>Etymology. The species is named in honor of Lajos Vári and Georg van Son, well-known South African lepidopterologists and former curators of Lepidoptera at the TMSA, who collected the holotype of new species.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E462A93337C95B5DDBB37FF38	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E462B93337C95B755BF86FCC1.text	03D0116E462B93337C95B755BF86FCC1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa phelotris (Meyrick 1909)	<div><p>Scrobipalpa phelotris (Meyrick, 1909)</p> <p>Figs 46, 117</p> <p>Gelechia phelotris Meyrick, 1909: 371.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa phelotris (Meyrick, 1909) — Janse 1960: 237, pl. 28f, pl. 42b.</p> <p>Remarks. The species was described from a single male collected in Kimberly “ Cape colony, Kimberly, in August (Captain Barrett-Hamilton), one specimen ” (Meyrick 1909: 371) (SAM). I was not able to get in contact with curator of Lepidoptera in SAM to study the holotype. However, as far as I can judge from the original description (Meyrick 1909: 371) and redescription of the species in Janse (1960: 237, pl. 28f, pl. 42b), S. phelotris is a large (wingspan 21 mm), narrow-winged, uniformly fuscous-grey species without forewing markings. Based on the photograph of the male genitalia of the holotype (Janse 1960: pl. 42b), S. phelotris may be placed provisionally near S. typica sp. nov. The species is somewhat similar externally to S. wieseri sp. nov. in having a nearly uniformly coloured, elongated forewing forewing.</p> <p>Distribution. South Africa.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E462B93337C95B755BF86FCC1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E462B933C7C95B50CBFF9FAB9.text	03D0116E462B933C7C95B50CBFF9FAB9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa typica Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Scrobipalpa typica sp. nov.</p> <p>Figs 47–50, 118–120, 175–177</p> <p>Scrobipalpa sp. 1 — Bidzilya 2007: 101, figs 39, 41, Pl. 7, fig. 5.</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♂, Namibia, 21.iii.2001, Brandberg, 2400 m, Am Königstein, W. Mey (MFN-00101) (MfN). Paratypes: Namibia: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same data as holotype (gen. prep. 99/05 ♂; 90/05 ♀, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♂, same data as holotype, but 20.iii.2001 (gen. slide 48/06, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♀, 22.iii.2001, Brandberg, 1940 m, Wasserfallfläche, LF (Mey) (gen. prep. in glycerol); 1 ♂, Brandberg, 8.iii. 2002, 1740 m, Mason Shelter (Mey); 2 ♂, Erichsfeld., 21 35 S, 16 56 E, 19-21.iii.2003 (Mey) (gen. slide 488/07, O. Bidzilya) (MFN-00100); 2 ♂, 2 ♀, Karasberge, Goibib Mtn Lodge, 30.i.2012, LF (Mey) (gen. slide 491/14, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♂, Khomas E Windhoek Airport, Gastefarm, 1600 m, 20.xii.2009, 22 26 33,7 S; 017 29 34,8 E (Wieser), Kärtner Landesmusem (gen. prep. in glycerol) (LMK); 1 ♂, Omatako Ranch, 80 km N Okahandja, LF. 6.iii.2003 (Vohland) (gen. slide 141/17, O. Bidzilya) (all MfN). South Africa: 1 ♂, P.K. le Roux Dam, Van der Kloof, C.P., 8–12.iv.1970 (Vari &amp; Snyman) (gen. slide 96/17, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♀, Colesberg, ii.1947 (Omer-Cooper) (gen. slide 95/17, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♀, Pretoria, 8.x.1909 (Janse) (gen. slide 97/17, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♂, Louis Trichardt, 12 m South, 13–17.iii.1954 (Janse) (gen. slide 133/17, O. Bidzilya) (all TMSA); 1 ♂, East. Cape, Asante-Sana, 28.ii–5.iii.2014 (Mey) (MfN).</p> <p>Material not included into type series. Kenya: 1 ♀, Rift Valley, Lake Bogoria, 0˚20’N 36˚51E, 1000 m, 10.xi.2004 (Agassiz) (gen. slide 140/17, O. Bidzilya) (DA).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new species is characterized externally by a light-brown to ochreous forewing with black markings, remotely resembling S. obsoletella, though the latter is paler, without ochreous-brown scales and without a whitish subapical fascia at 3/4, which is usually expressed in S. typica sp. nov. The male genitalia of S. typica sp. nov. can be recognized by the nearly parallel-sided saccus in combination with a posteriorly narrow vincular process, a broad triangular posteromedial emargination of the vinculum, and strongly inflated caecum. Among South African members of the genus Scrobipalpa, the male genitalia of new species are most similar to those of S. obsoletella, but differ in the shorter and broader vincular process and triangular rather than deep, broadly rounded medial emargination of the posterior margin of the vinculum. For differences from S. nigristriana sp. nov. and S. natalensis sp. nov., see the diagnoses of those species. The deeply separated, edged and folded lobes of the ventromedial depression in combination with the posteriorly weakly concave anterior margin of segment VIII are characteristic for the female genitalia.</p> <p>Description. Adult (Figs 47–50). Wingspan 10.0–12.0 mm. Head variable from light grey, nearly white, to brown or ochreous brown; thorax and tegulae ochreous brown, densely mixed with grey-tipped scales; labial palpus upcurved, light grey to light brown, with distinct dark brown basal and medial rings, inner and upper surface of palpomere 2 greyish brown, lower surface with distinct brush of scales, palpomere 3 about 1/2 length and width of palpomere 2, acute; scape brown, mixed with white at apex, flagellum light brown with broad grey rings; forewing light brown, randomly mixed with ochreous, one or two black dots at base, paired black points in middle and in corner of cell, costal margin and apex mottled with black-tipped scales, white subapical fascia at 3/4, cilia grey, brown-tipped. Hindwing light grey.</p> <p>Variation. The number and size of black markings varies. Additional black spots on costal margin or in fold are expressed in some specimens. Subapical fascia often reduced to diffuse costal and tornal spots.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Figs 118–120). Uncus approximately twice as long as wide, gradually narrowed to rounded apex in distal 1/2; gnathos with hook short, slender, weakly curved; tegumen moderately broad, anterior margin with deep, broadly rounded emargination to 1/3; valva extending to top of uncus, slenderest in middle, with distinctly inflated and rounded apex; sacculus about as broad as valva at base and 1/3 of its length, nearly parallel-sided, with distinct pointed, inward-directed tip, separated from valva by deep, narrow, triangular gap; posterior margin of vinculum with broad triangular medial emargination, vincular process shorter than sacculus, wide at base, with outwardly curved pointed tips; saccus wide at base, then narrowed to rounded or weakly inflated apex; phallus almost as long as valva, caecum about 1/2 length of phallus, strongly inflated, distal half straight, comparatively wide, with distinct apical hook.</p> <p>Female genitalia (Figs 175–177). Papillae anales ovate, densely covered with short setae; apophyses posteriores 4 times as long as segment VIII; segment VIII about as long as broad, posterior margin of sternum VIII with broad medial triangular emargination to 1/5 length, anterior margin slightly concave posteriorly; postvaginal plates narrow, evenly sclerotized, except for distinct patch of foam-sculpturing extending posteriorly from base of apophyses anteriores to about 1/2 length of sternum VIII, anteromedial depression about 1/3 width of sternum VIII, densely covered with fine microtrichia, deeply divided by anterior emargination into digitate, edged and laterally folded lobes not reaching anterior margin of sternum VIII; apophyses anteriores straight, 1.5 times as long as segment VIII; ductus bursae gradually broadened anteriorly, with distinct junction with large, rounded corpus bursae; signum basal plate short, distal hook stout, weakly curved.</p> <p>Biology. Host plant unknown. Adults were collected in October and from December to March, up to 2400 m in the mountains (Brandberg Massif in Namibia).</p> <p>Distribution. Namibia, South Africa.</p> <p>Etymology. The species name is from the Latin “ typica ”—typical, and refers to the fact that this species matches precisely the diagnosis of the genus Scrobipalpa.</p> <p>Remarks. An externally similar female from Kenya is not included in type series due to some differences in the genitalia, such as weakly separated lobes of the ventromedial depression, a longer and slenderer signum, and a larger corpus bursae.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E462B933C7C95B50CBFF9FAB9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E4624933D7C95B3D5BE88FCF9.text	03D0116E4624933D7C95B3D5BE88FCF9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa staudei Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Scrobipalpa staudei sp. nov.</p> <p>Figs 51, 121, 122</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♂, LepsocAfrica, 16 HSS148 a, Gelechioidea, reared on Lopholaena coriifolia, Asteraceae, Steenkoppies farm, South Africa, Gauteng, Magaliesburg, 26˚01’25” S, 27˚32’36” E, 1580 m, Grassland / wooded kloof, 12.iii.2017 eclosed, H.S. Staude (gen. slide 3/19, O. Bidzilya) (HSS). Paratypes: 1 ♂, same data as holotype, but 16HSS148b, 27.iii.2017; 1 ♂, same data as holotype, but 16HSS147, pup. 28.ii.2017, em. 17.iii.2017 (gen. slide 184/20, O. Bidzilya) (HSS, ZMKU).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new species is easily be recognized by its light-grey forewing with brown veins mottled with black, and its mostly black palpomere 2 of the labial palpus. This wing pattern is unique among Afrotropical species of Scrobipalpa. Male genitalia characters that separate S. staudei sp. nov. from other species of Afrotropical Scrobipalpa are a broad uncus, a comparatively broad sacculus, and a short vincular process, in combination with a broad saccus and a sigmoidal valva.</p> <p>Description. Adult (Fig. 51). Wingspan 15–16 mm. Head covered with light brown, grey-tipped scales, frons paler, light grey; labial palpus upcurved, palpomere 2 covered with black white-tipped scales on outer and lower surface, inner and upper surface greyish white, underside with moderate row, palpomere 3 approximately 1/2 as long as and as wide as palpomere 2, black white-tipped at basal 1/2 and grey brown-tipped with sparse black scales in distal half, acute, scape black, flagellomeres light brown with dark ring; thorax and tegulae concolourous with head, forewing light grey, veins densely mottled with light brown and mixed with black, cilia greyish brown; hindwing grey with dark veins, cilia grey. Abdomen greyish brown, grey on underside.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Figs 121, 122). Uncus subrectangular, slightly longer than wide, posterior margin weakly rounded; gnathos slender, short, weakly curved; culcitula large, longer than uncus; tegumen weakly narrowed distally, anteromedial emargination broadly rounded, extending to about 1/2 length of tegumen; valva slender, weakly sinuate, apex broadened, extending to top of uncus; sacculus approximately 1.5 times as broad as and 1/4 length of valva, weakly turned inwards, with pointed tip, vinculum twice as long as wide, posterior margin with moderately broad, V-shaped medial emargination, vincular process short, with outwardly curved pointed tip; saccus broad, nearly uniform in width, apex triangular, extending well beyond top of pedunculus; phallus straight, distal portion weakly narrowed, apical hook slender, caecum weakly inflated, 1/2 as long as phallus.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Unknown.</p> <p>Biology. Larvae were observed feeding on Lopholaena coriifolia (Asteraceae) in February, with pupation on 23 February and 4 March. Adults emerged on 12, 17 and 27 March (Staude et al. 2020: 58, as Scrobipalpa sp.).</p> <p>Distribution. South Africa.</p> <p>Etymology. The new species is named in the honor of Hermann Staude, the collector of the type series of new species.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E4624933D7C95B3D5BE88FCF9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E4625933E7C95B515BD20FD8D.text	03D0116E4625933E7C95B515BD20FD8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa obsoletella (Fischer von Roslerstamm 1841)	<div><p>Scrobipalpa obsoletella (Fischer von Röslerstamm, 1841)</p> <p>Figs 52–54, 123–125, 178</p> <p>Lita obsoletella Fischer von Röslerstamm, 1841: 225, pl. 79, figs a-k.</p> <p>Gnorimoschema miscitatella Clarke, 1932: 66, pl. 2, fig. 1, pl. 3, fig. 1.</p> <p>Phthorimaea bipunctella Hartig, 1941: 158, pl. 6, fig. 7.</p> <p>Phthorimaea calaritanella Amsel, 1952:128, fig. 33.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa xylochroa Janse, 1963: 241, pl. 107, pl. 112, pl. 127a, pl. 95c, d. Syn. nov.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa obsoletella hospes Povolný, 1964b: 354, pl. 11, fig. [70], fig. 11. Syn. nov.</p> <p>Type material examined. Holotype of xylochroa ♂, [South Africa] “Port Elizabeth, 7.xii.1950, C.G.C. Dickson” | Scrobipalpa xylochroa, male, HOLOTYPE No: 4320” (TMSA). Paratypes: 1 ♀, same data as holotype, but 10.i.1951 (gen. slide 8493); 1 ♂, same data, but 28.iv.1951, (gen. slide 247/12, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♂, Port Elizabeth, 18.xi.1951 (gen. slide 8492). Holotype of hospes ♂, [South Africa] “Vredendal, 23–30 July ’27, G. v. Son” | “HOLOTYPE” | “gen. slide K. Sattler, 287a” (SMNK).</p> <p>Material examined. South Africa: 6 ♀, Port Elizabeth, 29.xi.1950; 13.ii.1951; 17.i.1953; iv.1950; 1.ii.1951; 10.i.1951 (all TMSA). 1 ♂, West Cape, Rocherpan N.R., 20–21.xi.2008 (Ebert, Mey, Kuhne) (MFN-00097) (gen. slide 137/12, O. Bidzilya) (MfN); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Vredendal, 23–30 July ‘27 (G.v Son); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Cape Prov., Kentonon-Sea [33 26 DA], 22–23 Feb 1978 (Scoble) (gen. slide 275/12, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Vredendal, 23–30 July ‘27 (G.v. Son) (gen. slide 37/ 13♀; 39/ 13♂, O. Bidzilya) (all TMSA). Namibia: 3 ♀, Abachaus, S.W.A., April 43, Feb. 44, July 44 (G. Hobohm) (TMSA); 2 ♂, S.W. Africa, Wlavis Bay, 25–26.i.1972 (B.M. Gen. slide 34187) (NHMUK).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Scrobipalpa obsoletella is a rather variable species, with the forewing ground light brown to light grey with brown spots and dots in the cell and brown suffusion, mainly along the costal margin. Differences from superficially similar S. typica sp. nov. are given in the diagnosis of the latter species. Scrobipalpa ergasima is somewhat similar, but it is darker grey, with black rather than brown markings. The male genitalia of S. obsoletella can be distinguished by the comparatively large (both deep and wide), U- or V- shaped posteromedial emargination of the vinculum in combination with a long saccus. Scrobipalpa afromontana sp. nov. differs in having both the sacculus and vincular process shorter, and a narrower posteromedial emargination of the vinculum. The anteromedially broadly separated, comparatively narrow, unmodified (without foam-sculpturing) lobes of the anteromedial depression, in combination with a stout, basally densely serrated and weakly curved signa are characteristic for the female genitalia. For differences from the somewhat similar S. traganella, S. swakopi and S. etoshensis sp. nov., see the diagnoses for those species.</p> <p>Biology. In the Palaearctic region the larvae feed on Atriplex spp. and Chenopodium spp. (Amaranthaceae) (Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2010: 87). Host plants in the Afrotropical region are unknown. Adults fly from November to February, April and July.</p> <p>Distribution. Broadly distributed in the Palaearctic region from Europe to China (Povolný 2002a; Bidzilya &amp; Li 2010); South Africa, Namibia (first record).</p> <p>Remarks. Scrobipalpa xylochroa was described from three males and seven females collected in Port Elizabeth and Mossel Bay, South Africa. There is no doubt that the members of type series are conspecific. The holotype male is undissected, but the male and female genitalia of paratypes collected at the same place and date as the holotype are undistinguishable from those of S. obsoletella, and the synonymy proposed here is based on that observation.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa obsoletella hospes was described from a single male from Vredendal. Later this species was considered to be introduced to South Africa (Povolný 2002a: 59) and, therefore, its subspecific state is erroneous (Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2010: 88). My study of the holotype of S. obsoletella hospes along with additional male and female from Vredental support their conspecificity with S. obsoletella.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E4625933E7C95B515BD20FD8D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E4626933E7C95B4C1BB0BF8C4.text	03D0116E4626933E7C95B4C1BB0BF8C4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa afromontana Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Scrobipalpa afromontana sp. nov.</p> <p>Figs 55, 126</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♂, KENYA: <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.42028&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.019166667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.42028/lat 0.019166667)">Rutundu Track</a>, 3040 m, 0°1’9”N 37°25’13”E, 1.xi.2013 Agassiz &amp; Larsen (gen. slide DJLA 1419) (DA).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Scrobipalpa afromontana sp. nov. can easily be distinguished externally by its light brown forewing with two oblique black stripes. The male genitalia resemble those of S. obsoletella but differ in the narrower posteromedial emargination of the vinculum, the broader and shorter sacculus and vincular process, and the shorter saccus that extends slightly beyond the top of pedunculus (extending well beyond in S. obsoletella). Scrobipalpa erexita sp. nov. has somewhat similar male genitalia, but is well differentiated externally.</p> <p>Description. Adult (Fig. 55). Wingspan 12.5 mm. Head, thorax and tegulae covered with brown grey-tipped scales; palpomere 2 of labial palpus light grey to off-white on inner surface; scape brown, flagellum brown, narrowly grey-ringed, finely pubescent; forewing light brown mixed with grey, costal margin distinctly mottled with black, black streack in fold from 1/8 to 1/3 length, diffuse black spot at base of costal margin, first black oblique stripe from 1/3 of costa to about 1/2 length and 2/3 width, second stripe from 2/3 of costa to 3/4 of dorsum, diffuse black apical streak from about 1/7–1/8 length to wing apex, subcostal 1/3, fold in its distal half and dorsal margin weakly mottled with greyish white, cilia grey, brown-tipped; hindwing light brown.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Fig. 126). Uncus longer than broad, evenly narrowed apically, dorsolateral corners gradually rounded, hook of gnathos short, slender, weakly curved; tegument about as long as wide at base, anterior margin with broadly rounded emargination extending to 1/3 length; valva not exceeding top of uncus, slender, with slightly inflated apex; sacculus 1/4 length of and slightly broader than valva, inner margin straight, outer margin rounded in distal 1/3, with very short, outwardly curved tip; posterior margin of vinculum with deep V-shaped emargination, vincular process shorter than sacculus, wide at base, with outwardly curved pointed tips; saccus broad at base, gradually narrowed towards rounded apex, extending slightly beyond top of pedunculus; phallus rather stout, caecum about 2/3 length of phallus, weakly inflated, distal 1/2 straight, comparatively wide, with distinct narrow apical hook and pointed apex.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Unknown.</p> <p>Biology. Host plant unknown. The holotype was collected in November at an altitude of 3040 m on the northern side of Mt. Kenya. The area is dominated by Erica arborea L. (Ericaceae), giant Lobelia (Campanulaceae), and other high-altitude plant specialists (Davis Agassiz, pers. comm.).</p> <p>Distribution. Kenya: Northern slope of Mt. Kenya.</p> <p>Etymology. The specific name refers to the distribution of new species in the mountainous areas of Africa.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E4626933E7C95B4C1BB0BF8C4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E4627933F7C95B6E4BC7AF8E9.text	03D0116E4627933F7C95B6E4BC7AF8E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa erexita Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Scrobipalpa erexita sp. nov.</p> <p>Figs 56, 127, 179</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♀, [South Africa] RSA, 50 km NE Bitterfontein, Drai-Hoek, 25.xi.2008, leg. Ebert, Kühne, Mey, LF (gen. slide 154/17, O. Bidzilya) (MfN). Paratype: 1 ♀, same data as holotype (gen. prep. 190/12, O. Bidzilya) (MfN); 1 ♂, Soebatsfontein, 13–14.xi.’33 (G. van Son) (gen. slide g. 5146) (TMSA).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The species is recognizable externally by a light brown forewing with dark brown raised scales in the cell and at the apex. Scrobipalpa admirabilis sp. nov. also has tufts of black raised scales but differs from A. erexita sp. nov. in its white forewing ground colour with black, rather than dark brown, markings. Even though the male genitalia of a new species are available only in the lateral position, they show a clear relationship with those of S. obsoletella and S. afromontana sp. nov. in the shape of saccus and vincular process. Two latter species are quite different in appearance and cannot be confused with S. erexita sp. nov. The superficially most similar species to S. erexita sp. nov. is S. admirabilis sp. nov., but the latter differs in having an apically narrower and shorter vincular process that extends 1/2 the length of the sacculus, rather than nearly to the top of sacculus in S. erexita sp. nov. The female genitalia of S. erexita sp. nov. resemble those of S. selectoides sp. nov. and S. etoshensis sp. nov., but may be distinguished by the absence of foam-sculpturing on the subgenital plates, a short ductus bursae, an extremely elongate corpus bursae and a long, weakly curved signum.</p> <p>Description. Adult (Fig. 56). Wingspan 11.0–11.5 mm. Head white or white with sparse light brown scales; labial palpus weakly upcurved, palpomere 2 white with narrow light brown rings on outer surface, underside with distinct bristly white scales, palpomere 3 about as broad as palpomere 2, white, with two brown rings, 0.4 times as long as palpomere 2, with several raised scales underside and at apex; scape light grey, flagellum white, brownringed; thorax and tegulae white to light brown; forewing covered with brown-tipped, cream scales densely mixed with grey, costal margin with two diffuse black blotches just before and just after mid-length, paired small black spots formed by raised scales and broadly edged with light brown at 2/3 length, more distinct spot of raised whitetipped, black scales at 2/3 length, additional distinctly raised grey-tipped, black scales along apex and tornus, cilia white, black-tipped, consisting of two types of scales: long ones and shorter ones; hindwing and cilia grey.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Fig. 127). Uncus twice as long as broad, posterior margin straight; gnathos short, weakly curved; tegumen elongate with broadly rounded anteromedial emargination extending to about 1/3 length; valva slender, uniform in width, except for weakly inflated apex, extending slightly beyond top of uncus; sacculus slightly broader, about 1/4 length of valva, inner margin straight, outer margin gradually curved with distinct inward-curved tip; vincular process shorter than sacculus, with narrow, pointed outward-curved tip; saccus broad at base, then evenly narrowed, extending beyond top of pedunculus; distal part of phallus straight, with narrow transverse apical hook, top narrow, pointed, caecum strongly inflated, rounded, about 1/2 length of phallus.</p> <p>Female genitalia (Fig. 179). Papillae anales elongate, narrowed apically, covered with short setae; apophyses posteriores as long as ductus bursae and corpus bursae combined; segment VIII almost as broad as long, sternum VIII with broad medial emargination, subgenital plates broad, covered with fine microtrichia in anterior 1/2 along outer margin, posterior margin with broad triangular projection in middle, lobes of ventromedial depression digitate, entirely covered with foam-sculpturing, both inner and outer margin folded, separated by deep, narrow anteromedial emargination, not extending beyond anterior margin of segment VIII, joined posteromedially; apophyses anteriores rodlike, longer than segment VIII, about 0.4 times as long apophyses posteriores; ductus bursae as long as apophyses anteriores, with distinct transition to large, elongate corpus bursae, signum horn-shaped, long, weakly curved, basal plate small, situated at 1/4 from entrance on right side of corpus bursae.</p> <p>Biology. Host plant unknown. Adults fly in November.</p> <p>Distribution. South Africa.</p> <p>Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin “ erexit ”—raised, and refers to the characteristic patch of raised scales on the forewing.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E4627933F7C95B6E4BC7AF8E9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E462793387C95B124BA87FB4D.text	03D0116E462793387C95B124BA87FB4D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa admirabilis Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Scrobipalpa admirabilis sp. nov.</p> <p>Figs 57, 58, 128</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♂, Namibia, Fishriver, Gondwana Canyon Lodge, 17.iv.2008, leg. W. Me, LF (gen. slide 317/20, O. Bidzilya) (MfN). Paratype: Namibia: ♂, Fishriver, Gondwana Canyon Lodge, 13.x.2007 (Mey) | BIOTA observatory Karios 8 (gen. slide 164/12, O. Bidzilya) (MFN-00090) (MfN).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The species is easily recognized superficially by its white forewing with black markings formed by raised scales. It resembles S. erexita sp. nov., but in S. admirabilis sp. nov. the ground colour of the forewing is white rather than light brown, and the black markings are more well defined. The male genitalia differ from those of S. erexita sp. nov. in having a longer sacculus and shorter vincular process (for additional details, see the diagnosis of S. erexita sp. nov.).</p> <p>Description. Adult (Figs 57, 58). Wingspan 9.1–9.4 mm. Head and thorax white, tegulae white with browntipped scales at base; labial palpus white with brown basal and medial rings, inner surface white; scape brown, flagellum brown with broad white rings; forewing white, black spots at base and on 1/3 of costal margin, two small black spots with yellow scales between them at base of wing at mid-width, black diffuse spot formed by weakly raised scales from 1/3 to 1/2 length at mid-width, black dash on 2/3 of costal margin, black patch of irregular shape, suffused with light brown from 2/3 of dorsum to mid-width, subapical area distinctly mottled with black and light brown raised scales, apical black streak narrow, cilia with short and long, black-tipped, white scales; hind wing and cilia white.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Fig. 128). Uncus elongate, weakly tapered in distal half; gnathos hook short, wide, weakly curved; tegumen moderately broad, anterior margin with rounded medial emargination extending to about 1/3 length of tegumen; valva slender, weakly widened apically, extending to apex of uncus; sacculus twice as broad as and about 1/2 length of valva, turned inwards, with pointed, inward-curved tip, separated from vincular process by broadly rounded gap; vinculum moderately broad, with deep triangular medial emargination; vincular process short, subtriangular, with outwardly turned pointed tip; saccus wide at base, abruptly narrowed after 1/3, apex pointed, extending beyond top of pedunculus; distal portion of phallus straight, apex slightly inflated, with distinct transversal apical hook, caecum strongly swollen, slightly shorter than distal portion of phallus.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Unknown.</p> <p>Biology. Host plant unknown. The adults were recorded in October and April in Dwarf Shrub Savanna (Fig. 197).</p> <p>Distribution. Namibia.</p> <p>Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin “ admirabile ”—admirable, wonderful—and alludes to the conspicuous forewing pattern of the species, in comparison to most other species of Scrobipalpa.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E462793387C95B124BA87FB4D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E462093397C95B281BFE3FD21.text	03D0116E462093397C95B281BFE3FD21.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa griseata Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Scrobipalpa griseata sp. nov.</p> <p>Figs 59, 60, 129, 130</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♂, [South Africa] RSA, Eastern Cape, Petersburg, Farm Cottage, 9.xi. 2012, 1016 m, light, O. Bidzilya (gen. slide 15/13, O. Bidzilya) (MfN). Paratypes: 1 ♂, same data as holotype, but Sourkloof, 11.xi. 2012, 1196 m (Bidzilya) (MfN); 1 ♂, same data as holotype, but Waterkloof, 10.xi. 2012, 1313 m (Bidzilya) (gen. slide 123/17, O. Bidzilya) (ZMKU).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Scrobipalpa griseata sp. nov. is a light grey species with weakly defined costal and dorsal margins and indistinct black dots in the cell. It may be confused externally with S. varivansoni sp. nov. and some specimens of S. asantesana sp. nov. that have white irroration under the costal margin, although the latter are darker, more contrasting, greyish black rather than light grey and smaller (9.2–11.0 mm). The male genitalia remotely resemble those of S. nomias, but differ in the narrower gnathos, the broader valva, the larger sacculus, and the shape of the saccus.</p> <p>Description. Adult (Figs 59, 60). Wingspan 11.9–13.0 mm. Head, thorax and tegulae white, sparsely mixed with grey-tipped scales; labial palpus upcurved, off-white with sparse greyish-brown scales on outer surface, inner surface entirely white, palpomere 2 with brush of grey-tipped scales at lower surface, segment 3 mixed with grey before apex, 1/2 as long and four times as narrow as palpomere 2, acute; scape and flagellum light brown with grey annulations; forewing covered with grey-tipped, white scales, except subdorsal and subcostal areas are slightly lighter than central field of the wing, two indistinct dark dots at base of cell and in one in corner, fold indistinctly mottled with light brown, cilia grey black-tipped; hindwing grey.</p> <p>Variation. Both paratypes are uniformly whitish with reduced black markings.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Figs 129, 130). Uncus subrectangular, slightly longer than broad, posterior edge weakly rounded; gnathos narrow, evenly curved, sickle-shaped; tegumen moderately broad with deep rounded anterior emargination to 1/3 length; valva stout, moderately thick, evenly curved, slightly narrowed at 2/3 length, apex weakly inflated, truncate, extending beyond top of uncus; sacculus short, about 1/6 length and as broad as base of valva, nearly parallel-sided, rounded apically with short, pointed inward-turned tip, separated from vincular lobes and valva by nearly equal, moderately broad gaps; vincular lobes distinctly shorter than sacculus, tapered towards outwardly curved apex; vinculum slightly broader than long, posterior margin with moderately broad, V-shaped emargination; saccus stout, broad, weakly narrowed towards rounded apex, extending far beyond pedunculus; distal portion of phallus broad, uniform in width, apex with triangular top and well-developed apical hook, caecum weakly swollen, about as long as distal portion of phallus.</p> <p>Variation. Saccus of the paratype tapered apically.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Unknown.</p> <p>Biology. Host plant unknown. Adults have been observed in November in plains and wooded valleys (Figs 198–201).</p> <p>Distribution. South Africa.</p> <p>Etymology. The species name is derived from the Latin “ griseus ” (= grey), and refers to the predominantly grey colouring of the wings.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E462093397C95B281BFE3FD21	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E462193397C95B56DBCDDF879.text	03D0116E462193397C95B56DBCDDF879.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa nigristriana Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Scrobipalpa nigristriana sp. nov.</p> <p>Figs 61, 131</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♂, Kenya, Rift Valley Province: Gilgil, 37MBV 0668 4636, 22–24.xi.2008, L. Aarvik, D. Agassiz, A. Kingston (Afr Gel 116) (gen. slide NMHO 2322) (NMHO).</p> <p>Diagnosis. This new species is easily recognizable externally by the forewing densely suffused with black along veins in the costal half, along the medial longitudinal axis and to 1/2 the length in fold. For the differences from S. munita sp. nov., see the diagnosis of that species. The male genitalia are distinguished by the medially constricted uncus in combination with a short vincular process, a basally broad saccus, and the characteristic shape of the posteromedial emargination of the vinculum: narrow at base and broad posteriorly. For the differences from S. nomias, see the diagnosis of that species.</p> <p>Description. Adult (Fig. 61). Wingspan 15 mm. Head, thorax and tegulae covered with brown, grey-tipped scales, frons light grey; labial palpus grey mixed with brown, palpomere 2 with brush of scales at lower surface, inner and upper surface dirty white, palpomere 3 with diffuse grey medial and apical rings, acute; scape black, flagellum black, grey-ringed; forewing grey, mixed with black on costal margin, under costa along veins, in basal half of fold, and along medial longitudinal axis, light brown suffusion along subcostal vein to 1/2 length and in fold, cilia grey; hindwing and cilia grey.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Fig. 131). Uncus twice as long as broad at base, constricted in middle, distal half triangular, apex rounded; gnathos long, weakly curved in middle, distal half weakly broadened; tegumen about as long as broad at base, anterior margin with broadly rounded emargination extending to about 1/3 length of tegumen; valva evenly curved, of uniform width, extending to top of uncus, apex rounded, inner margin covered with hairs; width of sacculus about 1/5 length of valva, inner margin straight, outer margin rounded distally, with short inward-curved tip; vinculum broader than long, posteromedial emargination narrow at base, strongly broadened in posterior 1/2, vincular process shorter than sacculus, broad, subtriangular, with short, outwardly curved tip, gap to sacculus moderately small; saccus very broad at base, then strongly narrowed towards rounded apex; phallus straight, with distinct apical hook, caecum slightly inflated, about 1/2 length of phallus.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Unknown.</p> <p>Biology. Host plant unknown. The type locality is a high-altitude grassland with mixed scrubs, predominantly Tarconanthus camphoratus L. (Asteraceae) and some Acacia gerrardii Benth. (Fabaceae) (Aarvik 2010: 98).</p> <p>Distribution. Kenya.</p> <p>Etymology. The specific name is from the Latin “ nigrum ”—black, and “ stria ”—stripe, and refers to the black longitudinal striae characteristic of the species.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E462193397C95B56DBCDDF879	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E4622933A7C95B6E4BF30F845.text	03D0116E4622933A7C95B6E4BF30F845.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa nomias (Meyrick 1921)	<div><p>Scrobipalpa nomias (Meyrick, 1921)</p> <p>Figs 62, 63, 132, 180</p> <p>Phthorimaea nomias Meyrick, 1921: 74.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa nomias (Meyrick, 1921) — Janse 1951: 212, pl. 90, fig. 2, pl. 9, fig. 6, pl. 99, fig. 8, fig. 16, pl. 88, fig. 1.</p> <p>Type material examined. Holotype of nomias ♀ [South Africa] “Eshowe, 6.i.’16, A.J.T Janse ” | “ Phthorimaea nomias M., Type No. 597.” | “2160” | “g. 5485” (TMSA).</p> <p>Material examined. South Africa: 2 ♂, Eshowe, 6.i.‘16 (Janse) (gen. slide 3756; gen. slide 262/12, O. Bidzilya) (all TMSA).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Scrobipalpa nomias is characterized externally by a greyish-black forewing mixed with light brown in the fold and with three indistinct black spots in the cell. The species may be confused with specimens of S. portosanctana and S. asantesana sp. nov. that have a reduced black pattern. Scrobipalpa natalensis sp. nov. is smaller and has no black markings. Scrobipalpa griseata sp. nov. has a somewhat similar wing pattern, but it is much lighter, grey rather than greyish black, and with distinct folding in mid-width along the longitudinal axis. The male genitalia are easily recognizable by a basally broad saccus in combination with a short sacculus and short vincular process. For differences from S. griseata sp. nov., see the diagnosis of that species. Scrobipalpa nigristriana sp. nov. differs in the apically pointed and medially constricted uncus (parallel-sided with straight posterior margin in S. nomias), less outwardly curved vincular process, and the base of the saccus narrower. The female genitalia are easily recognizable by a broad ventromedial depression and comparatively narrow subgenital plate. Both male and female genitalia indicate a relationship of S. nomias to S. acuminatella (Sircom, 1850) and Palaearctic species related to S. acuminatella.</p> <p>Re-description. Adult (Figs 62, 63). Wingspan 13.0–14.5 mm. Head, thorax and tegulae covered with greytipped, brown scales, frons slightly lighter, light brown to grey; labial palpus upcurved, palpomere 2 brown, densely mixed with grey, inner and upper surface light grey to off-white, palpomere 3 about 2/3 length and 1/2 width of palpomere 3, white with some brown scales at base and before apex; scape brown, flagellomeres brown with narrow grey apical rings; forewing greyish black, fold suffused with light brown in basal half, three indistinct black spots in cell, diffuse black patch at base in mid-width, costal area and veins in apical 1/3 weakly mottled with brown, cilia grey; hindwing and cilia grey with light brown shade along margins and at apex.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Fig. 132). Uncus subrectangular, slightly longer than broad, posterior edge weakly rounded; gnathos broad, strongly curved at 3/4, sickle-shaped; tegumen moderately broad with deep rounded anterior emargination to 1/3 length; valva of uniform width, evenly curved, extending to top of uncus; sacculus short, about 1/8 length and as broad as valva, inner margin straight, outer margin evenly curved, with pointed inward-turned tip; vincular lobes short, narrow, with tapered, outwardly curved apex; vinculum slightly broader than long, posterior margin transverse, with V-shaped emargination; saccus extremely broad at base, strongly narrowed to 3/4 length, then nearly of uniform in width, apex rounded, extending far beyond top of pedunculus; distal portion of phallus broad, uniform in width, apex with apical hook, caecum weakly swollen, about 1/2 length of phallus.</p> <p>Female genitalia (Fig. 180). Papillae anales elongate, ovate; apophyses posteriores approximately 3 times as long as segment VIII; segment VIII subquadrate, sternum VIII with anterior margin strongly sclerotized and weakly concave; subgenital plates narrow, strongly sclerotized anteromedially, with patches of foam-sculpturing at base of apophyses anteriores; ventromedial depression very broad, folded laterally, foam-sculpturing weakly developed, lobes of ventromedial depression broad, anteromedial emargination short, shallow, not reaching anterior margin of sternum VIII; apophyses anteriores slightly longer than segment VIII, straight, pointed apically, 1/2 as long as apophyses posteriores; ductus bursae comparatively broad, gradually broadened towards egg-shaped corpus bursae, colliculum narrow, signum on left side at entrance of corpus bursae, distal hook narrow, curved in middle at right angle, distal portion pointed.</p> <p>Biology. Host plant unknown. Adults fly in January.</p> <p>Distribution. South Africa.</p> <p>Remarks. Phthorimaea nomias was described from the unique female holotype collected in Eshowe. My concept of this species is based on the holotype and two superficially similar males collected at the same place and date as the holotype.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E4622933A7C95B6E4BF30F845	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E4623933B7C95B6E4BFBAF831.text	03D0116E4623933B7C95B6E4BFBAF831.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa munita Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Scrobipalpa munita sp. nov.</p> <p>Figs 64, 133, 134, 181</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♂, KENYA: <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=36.366665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.6166667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 36.366665/lat -0.6166667)">Rift Valley</a>, Gilgil 2100 m, 0°37S 36°22’E, 23.xi.2008, D. Agassiz, L. Aarvik &amp; A.J. Kingston (gen. slide DJLA No. 1475) (DA). Paratypes: KENYA: 1 ♀, same data as holotype, but 22.xi.2008 (gen. slide 399/14, O. Bidzilya) (DA). MALAWI: 1 ♂, Nyika Plateau, S of Vitintiza Hill, Sambara River, 1700 m, Brachystegia forest, LF, 15.x.1996 (Mey &amp; Nuss) (gen. slide 46/08, O. Bidzilya) (MFN-00028) (MfN).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Scrobipalpa munita is easily distinguished by its light grey forewing with two prominent narrow longitudinal black stripes. Scrobipalpa munita sp. nov. superficially resembles S. nigristriana sp. nov., but it is easily distinguished by its light grey rather than light brown head, thorax, and ground colour of the forewing; the absence of black markings along the veins; and by its more distinct black stripes. The male genitalia are recognized by the fusion of the culcitula and gnathos with the ventral plate, the comparatively broad subtriangular sacculus, and a very narrow vincular processes. Scrobipalpa nigristriana sp. nov. differs in its broader, medially constricted uncus; unmodified gnathos; basally narrower sacculus; and narrower vincular processes. The new species is related to S. phagnalella (Constant, 1895), from southern Europe and northern Africa, having a somewhat similar wing pattern. The male genitalia of S. munita sp. nov. somewhat resemble those of the latter, having a modified gnathos, but differ in the shorter uncus, elongated rather than rounded gnathos, nearly parallel-sided rather than subtriangular sacculus, and broader vincular projections (see for comparison Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2010: 383, fig. 42). The female genitalia of S. munita sp. nov. are easily recognizable by the papillae anales covered with microtrichia and the presence of paired sclerotized medial patches, a broad segment VIII, and a straight and strongly sclerotized anterior margin of sternum VIII, in combination with a broad ductus bursae.</p> <p>Description. Adult (Fig. 64). Wingspan 13.2–14.1 mm. Head and thorax covered with white scales with light brown subapical annulations, palpomere 2 with dense brown irroration on outer margin, upperside with distinct brush of brown-tipped scales, palpomere 3 acute with broad black apical ring; scape black, densely mottled with grey, flagellum black with indistinct grey rings; tegulae covered with white-tipped, brown scales, distinctly darker than head and thorax; forewing light grey, mottled with black-tipped scales along costal margin and in fold, longitudinal black stripe edged with light brown in fold from base to about 1/3 length of wing, second black stripe medial, mottled with light brown from 1/3 length to apex, cilia grey black-tipped; hindwing and cilia grey.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Fig. 133, 134). Uncus twice as long as wide, weakly tapered apically, apex rounded; distal sclerite of gnathos triangular with short pointed tip, culcitula fused ventrally with gnathos forming ovate plate; tegumen broad basally, evenly narrowed posteriorly, anterior margin with moderately broad, rounded medial emargination to about 1/3 length; valva slender, of uniform width, except for inflated apex, slightly extending beyond apex of uncus; sacculus at base twice as broad as and about four times shorter than valva, inner margin straight, outer margin gradually narrowed towards pointed inward-curved tip; vinculum broad, posteromedial emargination narrow at base and strongly broadened in posterior 1/2, vincular process very short and narrow with pointed outward-curved tip, gap to sacculus large; saccus stout, broad at base, narrowed towards weakly pointed apex, strongly edged, extending beyond top of pedunculus; phallus with moderately swollen caecum, distal portion straight, apex tapered with distinct hook.</p> <p>Female genitalia (Fig. 181). Papillae anales ovate, covered with short setae, with medial sclerotized patch extending from base to about top; papillae anales moderately thick, about 1/2 length of ductus and corpus bursae; segment VIII three times as broad as long, posterior margin with broad, shallow emargination; postvaginal plate about 1/3 width of segment VIII, subquadrangular, edged laterally, with narrow patches of foam-sculpturing extending from base of apophyses anteriores to 2/3 length; anterior margin of sternum VIII straight, strongly sclerotized with small medial opening; lobes of ventromedial depression broad, entirely covered with foam-sculpturing, anteromedial emargination broad, shallow; apophyses anteriores twice as long as segment VIII and 1/2 as long as apophyses posteriores, moderately thick; ductus bursae broad, with indistinct transition to elongated corpus bursae, colliculum narrow, ring-shaped; signum small, distal hook curved at right angle at base, situated on right side near entrance of corpus bursae.</p> <p>Biology. Host plant unknown. Adults fly in October–November up to 2100 m altitude in Kenya.</p> <p>Distribution. Kenya, Malawi.</p> <p>Etymology. The species name is from the Latin “ munitus ”—fortified, and refers to the presence of sclerotized patches on papillae anales.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E4623933B7C95B6E4BFBAF831	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E461C93047C95B6E4BFE1FADD.text	03D0116E461C93047C95B6E4BFE1FADD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa ochracea Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Scrobipalpa ochracea sp. nov.</p> <p>Figs 65, 66, 135, 136</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♂, [South Africa] RSA, Eastern Cape, Graaff Reinet distr., Petersburg, Waterkloof, 10.xi. 2012, 1313 m, light, O. Bidzilya (gen. slide 25/13, O. Bidzilya) (MfN). Paratypes: South Africa: 1 ♂, same data, but Glen Haven, 8.xi.2012 (gen. slide 60/13, O. Bidzilya) (ZMKU); 1 ex. (abdomen missing), East Cape, Asante-Sana, Glen Haven, LF, 3.iii.2014, 1300 m (Mey) (MfN); 1 ♂, Knysna, CP., Sourflats, 22–24.xi.1954 (Vari) (gen. slide 111/17, O. Bidzilya) (TMSA).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Scrobipalpa ochracea sp. nov. is recognizable externally by its greyish-brown forewing distinctly mottled with ochreous-brown scales along the veins. Externally it resembles S. natalensis sp. nov., but the latter is uniformly dark brown without an ochreous pattern. The male genitalia of S. ochracea are easily distinguished by a very short vincular processes; a sacculus that is separated from the valva by a deep, broad gap; and a broad saccus.</p> <p>Description. Adult (Figs 65, 66). Wingspan 10.2–11.0 mm. Head, thorax and tegula light grey with dense brown-tipped scales; labial palpus upcurved, light grey, strongly mottled with brown, inner surface dirty white, palpomere 2 with brush of moderately long scales at lower surface, palpomere 3 pointed, 1/2 as wide and about 1/3 as long as palpomere 2; scape light brown mixed with grey, flagellum brown with narrow grey rings; forewing covered with light grey and black-tipped scales, dense ochreous-brown or dark yellow irroration along veins, in fold, and in posterior area, cilia grey, brown-tipped; hindwing and cilia white.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Figs 135, 136). Uncus slightly longer than broad, subrectangular, with rounded posterior margin; gnathos hook short, narrow, weakly curved; tegumen equilateral triangular with deep rounded anteromedial emargination to 1/3; valva weakly curved, moderately broad in basal 1/2, slightly narrowed in distal portion, apex rounded, extending to top of uncus; sacculus about 1/4 length of valva, inner margin weakly concave, outer margin evenly curved, top distinctly pointed and turned inwards, separated from valva by broad triangular gap; vincular processes narrow, short, with pointed tip, outwardly turned towards top of sacculus, separated from sacculus by short, narrow gap; vinculum moderately broad with rounded medial emargination; saccus broad, weakly or distinctly narrowed towards rounded apex, extending beyond top of pedunculus; distal portion of phallus slender, parallel-sided, apex pointed with distinct hook, caecum elongate, weakly swollen, slightly shorter than 1/2 length of phallus.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Unknown.</p> <p>Biology. Host plant unknown. Adults have been observed in November in plains and wooded valleys (Fig. 202).</p> <p>Distribution. South Africa.</p> <p>Etymology. The species name is derived from the Latin “ ochre ”—ochreous, and refers to the dense ochre suffusion of the forewing.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E461C93047C95B6E4BFE1FADD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E461C93057C95B3F0BF87FA95.text	03D0116E461C93057C95B3F0BF87FA95.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa asantesana Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Scrobipalpa asantesana sp. nov.</p> <p>Figs 67, 68, 137, 138, 182, 183</p> <p>Type material. Holotype [South Africa] 1 ♂, RSA, Eastern Cape, Graaf Reinet distr., Petersburg, Waterkloof, 10.xi. 2012, 1313 m, light, O. Bidzilya (gen. slide 28/13, O. Bidzilya) (MfN). Paratypes: 1 ♂, 3 ♀, same data but Farm Cottage, 13.xi. 2012, 1016 m (Bidzilya); 2 ♀, same data, but Sourkloof, 7.xi.2012 (Bidzilya) (gen. slide 271/12, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same data, but 8–13.xi.2012 (Mey); 6 ♂, 4 ♀, same data, but cottage, 1016 m, aut. light trap, 5–6.xi.2012 (Mey); 1 ♂, same data, but 10.xi.2012, Waterkloof, 1500 m, open slope (Mey) (gen. slide 320/20, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♂, 2 ♀, same data, but 11.xi.2012, light trap (Mey); 3 ♀, same data, but 5–14.xi.2012 (Mey); 1 ♀, same data, but 22–26.i.2012, LF (Mey) (gen. slide 616/14, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♂, same data, but Glen Haven, 3.iii.2014, LF, 1300 m (Mey); 2 ♂, same data, but 22–26.xi.2013 (Mey); ♂, RSA, East Cape, Sneeuberg, Asante- Sana, 2-6.iv.2011 (Mey) (gen. slide 185/12, O. Bidzilya) (all MfN); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Cathedral Peak, Nat. Forestry, 1090, 15.iii.1976 (Endrödy-Yonga) (gen. slide 93/ 17♂; 94/ 17♀, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♀, P.K. le ROUX DAM, van der Kloof, C.P., 8–11.ix.1969 (Potgieter) (gen. slide 325/20, O. Bidzilya) (all TMSA).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Scrobipalpa asantesana sp. nov. is characterized by a uniformly greyish-brown forewing. For the differences from S. griseata sp. nov., see the diagnosis for that species. The male genitalia are unmistakable, characterized by an elongated uncus, long valva (extending well beyond the top of the uncus), and a slender, acute vincular process. The female genitalia are easily distinguished by the short segment VIII with anteriorly folded postgenital plates, distinctly triangular subostial sclerites, and a long, narrow, strongly curved signum.</p> <p>Description. Adult (Figs 67, 68). Wingspan 9.2–11.0 mm. Head, thorax and tegulae covered with brown-tipped scales, frons light grey to white; labial palpus upcurved, brown, densely mottled with light grey, inner and upper surface paler, off-white, palpomere 2 with brush of scales at lower surface, palpomere 3 approximately 1/2 length and 1/2 width of palpomere 2, acute; antennae dark brown with indistinct grey rings; forewing evenly covered with grey, black-tipped scales, diffuse white irroration under costal margin from base to 2/3 length, black diffuse spot in middle of cell, small indistinct black spot in corner of cell, apical 1/4 mottled with white, cilia grey, black-tipped; hindwing light grey.</p> <p>Variation. Some specimens are light grey to nearly white with poorly developed brown pattern, or with diffuse subcostal white irroration.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Figs 137, 138). Uncus twice as long as broad, weakly constricted before middle; gnathos short, weakly curved, culcitula well developed; tegumen elongate with deep rounded anterior emargination extending to 1/3 length; valva slender, almost uniform in width, curved at 1/3 length, extending far beyond top of uncus; sacculus slender, as broad as valva at base and about 1/3 length of valva, narrowed distally, of uniform width, apex with pointed, inward-curved tips, separated from valva by deep, very narrow gap; vincular processes about 1/2 length of sacculus, broad at base, distally very narrow, outwardly curved, separated from sacculus by broad gap; vinculum slightly broader than long, medial incision deep, triangular; saccus nearly uniform in width, truncate, extending slightly beyond top of pedunculus; distal portion of phallus straight, apex with pointed top and distinct, weakly curved hook, caecum moderately swollen, about 1.5 times shorter than distal portion of the phallus.</p> <p>Female genitalia (Figs 182, 183). Papillae anales elongate, weakly tapered apically, covered with setae; apophyses posteriores about as long as ductus and corpus bursae combined; segment VIII twice as broad as long, sternum VIII with broad, shallow, posteromedial emargination, anterior margin strongly sclerotized, two anterior-elongated, medially-narrowed, triangular sclerites from base of apophyses anteriores, two narrow folds extending posteriorly from base of apophyses anteriores to 3/4 width of sternum, subgenital plates rounded, unmodified, with distinctly thickened and folded anterior margins, extending anteriorly to 1/2 width of sternum VIII; ventromedial depression unmodified, except for indistinct, narrow, medial weakly sclerotized patch; apophyses anteriores thick, three times as long as segment VIII, straight, pointed apically, 1/2 length of apophyses posteriores; ductus bursae gradually broadened towards short, rounded corpus bursae, colliculum narrow, signum with long, narrow, distal hook, curved in middle at right angle, distal portion pointed, reaching to mid-width of corpus bursae.</p> <p>Biology. Host plant unknown. Adults fly in January, March, April, September and November. In Asante-Sana adults have been observed in November in plains and wooded valleys (Figs 198–201).</p> <p>Distribution. South Africa.</p> <p>Etymology. The species is named for the Asante-Sana locality in the Graaf Reinet district of South Africa, the type locality of the new species.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E461C93057C95B3F0BF87FA95	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E461D93067C95B3B9BFA8FF39.text	03D0116E461D93067C95B3B9BFA8FF39.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa brandbergensis Bidzilya & Mey 2011	<div><p>Scrobipalpa brandbergensis Bidzilya &amp; Mey, 2011</p> <p>Figs 69, 70, 139, 184</p> <p>Scrobipalpa spec. 4 — Bidzilya 2007: 102, fig. 47; pl. 8, fig. 1.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa brandbergensis Bidzilya &amp; Mey, 2011 in Mey 2011: 211, Pl. 4, fig. 20; pl. 9, fig. 39, pl. 32, fig. 16.</p> <p>Type material examined. Holotype of brandbergensis ♂, Namibia, Swakopmund, Namib Desert, Vogelfederberg, 28.i.2009, LF, leg. W. Mey (gen. slide 12/10, O. Bidzilya) (NMNW). Paratypes: Namibia: 3 ♀, Erongo, Brandberg, 5–7.iii.2000, Mason Shelter, 1740 m (Mey) (gen. slide 89/05; 17/06, O. Bidzilya) (MfN).</p> <p>Material examined. Namibia: 2 ♂, Namib, Vogelfederberg, 28.i.2009, LF (Mey) (MfN).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Scrobipalpa brandbergensis is small (wingspan 9 mm) species with a white forewing bearing indistinct black markings in the cell and at 2/3 near costa, and dense black irroration in apical 1/4, resulting in a forewing pattern that is unique among Scrobipalpa species. The male genitalia of S. brandbergensis are easily recognizable by the combination of a long, slender sacculus and a very short, hump-shaped vincular process. The broad, subrectangular, densely foam-sculptured lobes of the anteromedial depression and the basal half of the apophyses anteriores strongly broadened are characteristic for the female genitalia.</p> <p>Biology. Host plant unknown. Adults fly in January and March.</p> <p>Distribution. Namibia.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E461D93067C95B3B9BFA8FF39	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E461E93067C95B755BFC7F951.text	03D0116E461E93067C95B755BFC7F951.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa selectoides Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Scrobipalpa selectoides sp. nov.</p> <p>Figs 71, 72, 185</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♀, [Namibia] S.W Afr.: C. Namib, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=14.54&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.47" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 14.54/lat -25.47)">Spencerbay Water</a>, 25.47 S – 14.54 E | 14.i.1974, E-Y: 288, mercury vap. Light, leg. Endrödy-Younga (gen. slide 246/12, O. Bidzilya) (TMSA). Paratypes: 1 ♀, [Namibia] S.W. Africa (25), Swakopmund, 26–30.i.1972 (Southern African exp. B.M. 1972-1) (B.M. genitalia slide No. 34185) (NHMUK).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Scrobipalpa selectoides sp. nov. is easily distinguished externally by its bright forewing with welldefined brown markings and a white subapical fascia. Among South African Scrobipalpa it somewhat resembles S. etoshensis sp. nov., but it has broader wings, is lighter, lacks a black pattern, and has distinct brown markings, all of which are absent in the latter species. The comparatively broad palpomere 3 of the labial palpus is an additional character that separates S. selectoides sp. nov. from related species. The female genitalia of S. selectoides sp. nov. resemble those of S. traganella and S. etoshensis sp. nov., but the anteromedial emargination between the lobes of ventromedial depression is narrower, and the signum bursae is stouter.</p> <p>Description. Adult (Figs 71, 72). Wingspan 16.0–16.8 mm. Head covered with white, brown-tipped scales, frons entirely white; labial palpus moderately upcurved, creamy, brown-tipped, with diffuse brown basal and medial ring, palpomere 2 with brush of short scales beneath, palpomere 3 about 1/3 length and slightly narrower than palpomere 3; scape brown, mottled with white distally, flagellum with alternating brown and white-brown rings, entirely white on ventral surface; thorax and tegulae slightly darker than head, light brown; ground colour of forewing light brown, three diffuse dark brown transverse fasciae: at base, at 1/3, and at 2/3; paired dark brown spots at 1/ 3 in cell, single brown spot at corner of cell, white subapical fascia straight or weakly angulated at 3/4 after dark brown costal and tornal spot, indistinct blackish-brown markings at base of costal and dorsal margin, at base, and in basal 1/2 of fold, apical 1/4 distinctly mottled with black, cilia white, black-tipped; hindwing light grey, veins and dorsal margin suffused with brown.</p> <p>Variation. The paratype is darker, more contrasting, with more distinct black markings.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Unknown.</p> <p>Female genitalia (Fig. 185). Papillae anales elongate, narrowed apically, covered with short setae; apophyses posteriores as long as ductus bursae and corpus bursae combined; segment VIII almost as broad as long, sternum VIII with broad, shallow, medial emargination, subgenital plates broad, outer margin with triangular projection at 2/3 length, narrow patches of foam-sculpturing extending posteriorly from base of apophyses anteriores to about 1/3 length of subgenital plate along its anterior and inner margins, lobes of ventromedial depression digitate, entirely covered with foam-sculpturing, separated by deep, narrow, anteromedial emargination, extending slightly beyond anterior edge of segment VIII, joined posteromedially; apophyses anteriores rod-like, shorter than segment VIII, about 1/3 length of apophyses posteriores; ductus bursae short with distinct junction with large, rounded corpus bursae, signum strongly curved, base stout, triangular, distal hook strongly curved at base, narrow and nearly straight, on left side near entrance to corpus bursae.</p> <p>Biology. Host plant unknown. Adults fly in January.</p> <p>Distribution. Namibia.</p> <p>Etymology. The species name refers to the external similarity of new species to the Palaearctic Scrobipalpa selectella (Caradja, 1920).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E461E93067C95B755BFC7F951	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E461E93077C95B170BEB2F9AD.text	03D0116E461E93077C95B170BEB2F9AD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa etoshensis Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Scrobipalpa etoshensis sp. nov.</p> <p>Figs 73, 74, 140, 186</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♀, Namibia / Namib, Etosha - Camp Halali, 1122 m, 10.viii.2007, GEO-WG 84, 16°28’211”E/ -19°02’155”S, leg. Dr. C. Wieser, Kärntner Landesmusem (LMK). Paratypes: 3 ♂, 8 ♀, same data as holotype; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same data as holotype, but 11.viii.2007 (gen. slide 103/ 12♂, O. Bidzilya) (MFN 00089) (gen. slide 104/ 12♀, O. Bidzilya) (MFN-00088) (all LMK).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Scrobipalpa etoshensis sp. nov. is characterized by a comparatively narrow grey forewing with three diffuse black transverse fasciae and light brown markings edged with black in the cell. The new species superficially somewhat resembles S. selectoides sp. nov., but the latter has broader wings, brown rather than black fasciae, and large brown spots in the cell. The male genitalia are distinguished by a large uncus; a long sacculus that extends to 1/3 the length of the valva; a deep, narrow, posteromedial emargination of the vinculum; and a short truncate saccus. For the differences from the very similar male genitalia of S. traganella, see the diagnosis of that species. The female genitalia of S. etoshensis sp. nov. are also very similar to those of S. traganella, but the signum is shorter and the ductus bursae is broader. Scrobipalpa selectoides sp. nov. also has similar female genitalia, but in latter the lobes of the ventromedial depression are broader, with stronger foam-sculpturing, and situated closer to each other (the anteromedial emargination is narrower). Scrobipalpa cultrata Povolný, 1971 from Algeria has a similar wing pattern, but it is smaller (7–12 mm), has a narrower saccus in the male genitalia, and has much longer apophyses in the female genitalia.</p> <p>Description. Adult (Figs 73, 74). Wingspan 15.2–17.0 mm. Head, thorax and tegulae white to cream with brown-tipped scales, frons white; labial palpus weakly upcurved, white with black annulations at base and in middle, inner surface of palpomere 2 white; scape black, antennal segments white with black rings; forewing grey, randomly mixed with brown, dorsal margin suffused with ochreous brown from base to 3/4, two black oblique fasciae from base and from 1/4 of costal margin to fold, diffuse black transverse fascia at 2/3, black spot or black streack edged with light brown in middle and in corner of cell, subcostal vein mixed with ochreous, narrow, dirty white, subapical fascia at 3/4 length, apical 1/4 mottled with black, cilia white, black-tipped; hindwing and cilia light grey.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Fig. 140). Uncus trapezoidal, slightly longer than broad, weakly narrowed apically, posterior margin weakly emarginated; gnathos hook short, very thin; tegumen elongate, weakly narrowed apically, anterior margin with deep rounded emargination to 1/3; valva extending to about top of uncus, slenderest in middle, gradually inflated after 1/2 length; sacculus about 1/3 length and nearly as wide as valva at base, outer margin gradually curved, inner margin straight, apex pointed; vinculum moderately wide, posterior margin with deep, narrow, Ushaped medial emargination; vincular process shorter than sacculus, with beak-shaped, outward-turned tip; saccus short, rectangular, extending to apex of pedunculus; phallus shorter than valva, caecum moderately swollen, distal portion straight, apex narrow, pointed, with sclerotized hook.</p> <p>Female genitalia (Fig. 186). Papillae anales ovate, covered with setae; apophyses posteriores long, narrow; segment VIII almost as broad as long, posterior margin of sternum VIII with broad triangular medial emargination, subgenital plate broadly separated anteriorly and nearly joined posteriorly, inner edge folded, outer edge strongly widened after 1/2 length, foam-sculpturing along inner margin from base of apophyses anteriores to 1/2 length; lobes of ventromedial depression narrow, digitate, wrinkled anteriorly, covered with microtrichia posteriorly, extending slightly beyond anterior margin of sternum VIII, anteromedially separated by triangular emargination, nearly connected posteriorly; apophyses anteriores broad at base, then narrow, pointed, shorter than segment VIII; colliculum moderately long; ductus bursae narrow at base, broad after 1/3 length, with gradual transition to elongate corpus bursae; signum hook slender, strongly curved in middle, on right side at transition to ductus bursae.</p> <p>Biology. Host plant unknown. Adults fly in August.</p> <p>Distribution: Namibia.</p> <p>Etymology. The specific epithet refers to Etosha National Park in Namibia, the type locality of the new species.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E461E93077C95B170BEB2F9AD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E461F93007C95B0E0BC93FCB1.text	03D0116E461F93007C95B0E0BC93FCB1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa traganella (Chretien 1915)	<div><p>Scrobipalpa traganella (Chrétien, 1915)</p> <p>Figs 75, 76, 141, 142, 187</p> <p>Lita traganella Chrétien, 1915: 321–322.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa traganella (Chrétien, 1915) — Povolný 1967: 230.</p> <p>Material examined. South Africa: 1 ♂, Cederberg, Uitkykrevier, Pass, 20–21.x.2001, LF (Mey); 2 ♂, 9 ♀, Knersvlakte, Groot Graafwater, 27.x.2007, Turm (Mey) (gen. prep. 85/ 12♂; 86/ 12♀; 80/ 13♀; 437/ 14♀, O. Bidzilya) (MFN-00098; MFN-00099); 1 ♂, 50 km NE Bitterfontein, Drai Hoek, 25.xi.2008, LF (Ebert, Kühne, Mey); 1 ♂, East Cape, Sneeuberg, Asante-Sana, aut. Falle, 22–26.i.2012 (Mey). Namibia: 1 ♀, Namib, Vogelfederberg, 28.i.2009, LF (Mey); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Solitaire, Tsauchab, camp, 14.iv.2013, LF (Mey) (gen. slide 116/ 17♀, 129/ 17♂, O. Bidzilya) (all MfN).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Scrobipalpa traganella is rather variably superficially species, although the pale, creamy forewing with a large number of black and bright light-brown to ochreous markings are characteristic. Paler specimens of S. obsoletella look somewhat similar to S. traganella, but they are usually lighter, less contrasting, lack the bright light-brown scales, and are larger in size. The male genitalia of S. traganella are characterized by a massive, broad, long uncus; a long sacculus (extending to 1/3 length of valva); a deep posteromedial emargination of the vinculum; and a knob-like apex of the saccus. A very long, slender, gradually curved signum is the most characteristic feature of the female genitalia.Although easily distinguished superficially, S. etoshensis sp. nov. has rather similar genitalia to S. traganella in both sexes. It can be separated from the former by its shorter (not extending beyond the top of the pedunculus), truncate saccus, rather than apically knobbed, and its shorter, stronger curved signum, and broader ductus bursae.</p> <p>Biology. In the northern Africa, the larva was recorded feeding on Basia muricatus Moquin, Salsola vermiculata microphylla Moquin and Traganum nudatum Delille (Amaranthaceae) (Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2010: 137). The host plant in southern Africa is unknown. Adults fly in October–November, January and April.</p> <p>Distribution: Portugal, Spain (with Canary Island), southern France, Malta, North Africa, Middle East, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Cape Verde Islands (Povolný 1986; Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2010: 137), Namibia (first record), South Africa (Bidzilya 2019).</p> <p>Remarks. The specimens from South Africa and Namibia match well, both externally and in the genitalia of both sexes, to specimens from the Palaearctic region.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E461F93007C95B0E0BC93FCB1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E461893007C95B5DDBC14F863.text	03D0116E461893007C95B5DDBC14F863.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa meridioafricana Bidzilya & Mey 2011	<div><p>Scrobipalpa meridioafricana Bidzilya &amp; Mey, 2011</p> <p>Figs 77, 78, 143, 144, 188</p> <p>Scrobipalpa meridioafricana Bidzilya &amp; Mey, 2011 in Mey 2011: 210, Pl. 4, fig. 18, 19; pl. 9, fig. 38, pl. 32, fig. 15.</p> <p>Type material examined. Holotype of meridioafricana ♂, RSA, Western Cape, Knersvlakte, Groot Graafwater, 27.x.2007, Turm, leg. W. Mey (gen. slide 8/10, O. Bidzilya) (TMSA). Paratypes: South Africa: 3 ♀, Northern Cape, Richtersveld, Koeroegapvlakte, 14–16.x.2001, LF (Mey) (gen. slide 7/10, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Richtersveld, BIOTA observatory Numees, Helskloof Gate, 9–12.x.2001, LF (Mey); 1 ♀, Northern cape, 50 km NE Bitterfontein, Drai-Hoek, 25.xi.2008, LF (Ebert, Kuene &amp; Mey); 1 ♀, Northern Cape, Molopo Lodge, south of Twee Rivieren, 7.x.2007 (Mey) (gen. slide 340/07, O. Bidzilya). Namibia: 1 ♀, Namibia, Noordoewer, Orange River, 18.xi.1993, LF (Mey &amp; Ebert) (gen. slide 345/07, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♂, Karas, Gondwana Canyon Lodge, Swartkoppies, 8–12.iii.2003 (Mey) (all MfN).</p> <p>Material examined. 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Namibia: Rooisand, Gamsberg pass, 20.i.2007, aut. Falle (Mey &amp; Ebert) (MfN). South Africa: 2 ♀, Sprinbokfarm 10 km SW, 6.iii.2014, LF (Mey) (gen. slide 128/17, O. Bidzilya) (MfN); 1 ♂, 2 ♀, Springbok, 5 m East, 11–12.viii.1961 (van Son &amp; Vari); 1 ♀, Worcester, Fairy Glen, 15, 19.x.1966 (Vari &amp; Potgieter); 1 ♂, Nababiep, C.P., 30.viii–2.ix.1962 (Vary &amp; Goode) (gen. slide 130/17, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♂, Nababieb C.P., 13–14.viii.1961 (Vari &amp; van Son); 1 ♂, Rosh Pinah Loc 29 SE 27 16 Dd, 4.x.1989 (Cottrel); 1 ex, Vredendal, 23–30.vii.1927 (G. van Son) (all TMSA).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The species is easily recognized externally by its light brown forewing with two narrow, ochreous-brown, basal, oblique stripes edged with black on their inner margins. This forewing pattern is unique among Palaearctic and Afrotropical species of Scrobipalpa. The male genitalia are characterized by a slender valva; a long, inward-curved sacculus; and a short, broad saccus; and these feature separate it from its congeners. The female genitalia can be separated from other South African species of Scrobipalpa by having the ventromedial depression broadly covered with foam-sculpturing, very short apophyses anteriores, and a distinctly broadened anterior portion of the ductus bursae.</p> <p>Biology. Host plant unknown. Adults fly in January, March, and from July to early September.</p> <p>Distribution. Namibia, South Africa.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E461893007C95B5DDBC14F863	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E461993027C95B6E4BF4AFE3D.text	03D0116E461993027C95B6E4BF4AFE3D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa geomicta (Meyrick 1918)	<div><p>Scrobipalpa geomicta (Meyrick, 1918)</p> <p>Figs 79–81, 145, 189, 190</p> <p>Phthorimaea geomicta Meyrick, 1918: 18.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa geomicta (Meyrick, 1918) — Janse 1951: 208, Pl. 91, fig. 9, Pl. 88, fig. 5, Pl. 99, fig. 18.</p> <p>Phthorimaea vicaria Meyrick, 1921: 74. Syn. nov.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa vicaria (Meyrick, 1921) — Janse 1951: 220, Pl. 31, fig. 6, Pl. 96, fig. 7, Pl. 103, figs 8, 9, pl. 99, fig. 20. Scrobipalpa tineiformis Povolný, 1967: 230, pl. 14, fig. 99, pl. 16, fig. 16. Synonymized by Povolný 1971: 41.</p> <p>Type material examined. Holotype of geomicta ♀, [South Africa] “New Hanover, Hardenb., 16.x.’13, Coll. Janse ” | “ Phthorimaea geomicta M., Type No. 591.” | “3871” | “ Ph. geomicta M.“ | “g. 5475” (TMSA). Holotype of vicaria ♀, [South Africa] “Pret. North, 21.xii. 1916, C.J. Swiestra ” | “ Phthorimaea vicaria Meyr., Type No. 2525.” | “ Phthorimaea vicaria Meyr. Type No. 2525” (TMSA).</p> <p>Material examined. 1 ♂, Ethiopia, 15 km N Arba Minch, 2 km after junct. to Chench, 3.v.2008 (Hacker &amp; Schreier) (gen. slide 8373, GD) (GD). 2 ♂, 3 ♀, Namibia, Brandberg, Mason Shelter, 1740 m 6, 8, 9.iii.2002 (Mey) (gen. slide 346/07 ♀; 61/ 13♀; 63/ 13♂, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♂, Namibia, Brandberg, Hungarob-valley, 1200 m, 17.iii.2001 (Mey); 1 ♂, Namibia, Brandberg, 2.xii.2000, LF, 1400 m (Mey); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Namibia, Brandberg, Wasserfallfläche, 18,19. iii.2001, LF, 1940 m (Mey); 1 ♂, Namibia, Nanias, Omaruru-Flusstal, 23.iii.2001, LF (Mey) (gen. slide 451/07, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♀, Namibia, 10 km E Swakopmund, LF, Swakop, 15.i.2007 (Mey &amp; Ebert) (gen. slide 447/07, O. Bidzilya); 5 ♂, 1♀, Namibia, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.933332&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-21.583334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.933332/lat -21.583334)">Erichsfeld.</a>, 21 35 S, 16 56 E, 19–21.iii.2003 (Mey); 1 ♂, Namibia, Auas Mts, Krumhuk, 1850 m, 24.i.2010, LF (Mey); 2 ♀, Namibia, Fishriver, Godwana Canyon Lodge, 13.x.2007 (Mey); 1 ♀, Namibia, Wlotzkasbaken, 9.iv.2008, LF Turm (Mey) (all MfN); 1 ♀, Gobabeb, S.W.A., Game Rserve No. 3, 23–24.iv.1967 (Potgieter); 1 ♂, Gobabeb, S.W.A., Game Rserve No. 8.v.1959 (Vári) (all TMSA). South Africa: 1 ♂, Western Cape, Cederberg W.A. Algeria, 2.x.1997 (Mey) (gen. slide 62/13, O. Bidzilya); 2 ♀, Cape, Karoo NP, Beaufort West, 12–14.xi.1993 (Mey &amp; Ebert); 1 ♀, West Cape, Karoo NP, 12.x.1997 (Mey); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, North Cape, Kalahari Gembs. NP, 8–9.x.1997 (Mey); 1 ♂, 2 ♀, West Cape, N Montagu, Burger Pass, 560 m 27.xi.2013 (Mey); 1 ♂, Cederberg, Rondegatrivier, 18–19.x.2001 (Mey); 1 ♀, West Cape, Cederberg Mts., Algeria, 18–22.x.2007 (Mey) (all MfN); 1 ♂, Woodb. Vill., iv.1915 (Swierstra); 1 ♂, Pret. North, 12.i.1917 (Swierstra) (gen. slide 6277) (TMSA); 3 ♂, 6 ♀, Namibia (??), East Cape, Sneeuberg, Asante-Sana, 2–6.iv.2001 (Mey); 1 ♂, 2 ♀, Eastern Cape, Graaff Reinet distr., Petersburg, Sourkloof, 7,11. xi. 2012, 1196 m (Bidzilya) (gen. slide 327/20, O. Bidzilya); 2 ♀, East Cape, Sneeuberg, Asante-Sana, aut. Falle, 22–26.i.2012 (Mey); 7♂, 4 ♀, East Cape, Graaff Reinet, Asante-Sana, 22–26.xi.2013 (Mey) (gen. slide 101/ 17♂, O. Bidzilya) (ZMKU).</p> <p>Additional material. 2 ♀, Indien [India], Rajasthan, 20 km w Jodhpur, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=73.25&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.266666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 73.25/lat 26.266666)">Sanddünnen</a>, 26°16N 73°15E, 30.xi.1992 (Hacker &amp; Peks) (GD).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Scrobipalpa geomicta is characterized by brown forewing with black patch at 1/3 and black markings in cell. The species can hardly be separated from S. portosanctana by the external characters alone except for the usually smaller size: wingspan is 10–13 mm in S. portosanctana and 8–11 mm in S. geomicta. The male genitalia of S. geomicta are distinguished by long (extending to 1/3 length of valva) apically narrowed sacculus, ovate posteromedial incision of vinculum and broad truncate saccus. The female genitalia are characterized by teardrop-shaped anteromedial depression with distinctly edged lateral edges. For the differences of both sexes from S. portosanctana see under that species.</p> <p>Biology. Host plant unknown. Adults fly from October to January, and in March-April.</p> <p>Distribution. The species is broadly distributed in southern Palaearctic from S Europe (Spain, Greece), North Africa eastwards to Mongolia (Lvovsky &amp; Piskunov 1989: 546), W India (new record). In the Afrotropical region the species is known from Ethiopia (new record), South Africa and Namibia (Bidzilya 2007: 101).</p> <p>Remarks. Phthorimaea geomicta was described from a single female holotype collected in New Hanover, KwaZulu-Natal Province. The genitalia of the holotype (gen. slide “g. 5475”) are fixed on slide in lateral position (Fig. 189), so they are rather difficult to interpret. However, the lobes of the ventromedial depression, the shape of sternum VIII, the signum hook and other characters match well to those of S. vicaria. Although the holotype looks externally more uniformly brown than usual specimens of S. vicaria, the characteristic black patch at 1/3 of costa and black points in cell are quite similar to the ground plan of the forewing pattern of S. vicaria. I have examined a single male from Cederberg (see under material) that well agrees externally with the holotype of S. geomicta. The genitalia of this specimen are undistinguished from those of S. vicaria that confirms the suggestion that S. vicaria is a junior subjective synonym of S. geomicta.</p> <p>Phthorimaea vicaria was described from three specimens collected in Pretoria. Meyrick stated in the introduction to his paper with description of Ph. vicaria that the types of species collected by T.J. Swierstra are kept in TMSA (Meyrick 1921: 49). Therefore, the female deposited there is a holotype of vicaria, whereas a specimen from Meyrick’s collection in NHMUK that was considered by Povolný (1966: 130, fig. 8) as “ lectotype ” of Ph. vicaria, is in fact a paratype. Despite the female holotype is undissected, there is no doubt about the identity of this species to a number of externally identical specimens of both sexes, including ones from type series, from South Africa and other regions.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E461993027C95B6E4BF4AFE3D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E461A93037C95B451BB23FF15.text	03D0116E461A93037C95B451BB23FF15.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa portosanctana (Stainton 1859)	<div><p>Scrobipalpa portosanctana (Stainton, 1859)</p> <p>Figs 82–84, 146, 191</p> <p>Gelechia portosanctana Stainton, 1859: 212.</p> <p>Gelechia eremaula Meyrick, 1891: 57. Synonymized by Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2010: 159.</p> <p>Gelechia lyciella Walsingham, 1900: 217. Synonymized by Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2010: 159.</p> <p>Lita desertella Rebel, 1901: 165. Synonymized by Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2010: 159.</p> <p>Gelechia chersophila Meyrick, 1909: 351. Syn. nov.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa chersophila (Meyrick, 1909) — Janse 1960: 236. Pl. 28g, Pl. 42c.</p> <p>Phthorimaea bertramella Lucas, 1940: 228. Synonymized by Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2010: 159.</p> <p>Teleia letroyella Lucas, 1950: 143. Synonymized by Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2010: 159.</p> <p>Gnorimoschema reisseri Povolný &amp; Gregor, 1955: 85, fig. 4. Synonymized by Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2010: 160.</p> <p>Gnorimoschema philolycii Hering, 1957: (1): 644 (key), (3): 26-27, 138, pl. 45, figs. 388, 220, pl. 86, figs. 724, 725. Synonymized by Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2010: 160.</p> <p>Gelechia gallincolella auct. (nec Mann, 1872); misidentification.</p> <p>Type material examined. Paralectotype of chersophila ♂, [South Africa] “ Kalk Bay, Cape Colony, L. 1.v.“ | “ Phthorimaea chersophila Myr., ½, E. Meyrick det., E. Meyrick Coll. ” | “ Meyrick coll. B.N. 1938.-290” (gen. slide 409/14, O. Bidzilya); 1 ex., same data, abdomen missing (all NHMUK).</p> <p>Material examined. South Africa: 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Port Elizabeth, 20.ix.1961, ex larva Lycium campanulatum (Taylor) (gen. slide 132/ 17♀, O. Bidzilya) (TMSA); 1 ♂, Eastern Cape, Uitenhage, LF, 15.xi.2013 (Mey) (gen. slide 367/14, O. Bidzilya); 2 ♂, North Cape, Fraserburg, Three-Kloof, 5.iii.2014 (Mey); 1 ♂, West Cape, Villiersdorp, Wolfkloof, 400 m, 20.xi.2013 (Mey) (all MfN); 1 ♂, East. Cape, Asante-Sana, Zuurkloof, 26.i.2012, LF (Mey) (gen. slide 155/17, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Eastern Cape, Graaff Reinet distr., Petersburg, Sourkloof, 11.xi. 2012, 1196 m, light (Bidzilya) (gen. slide 52/ 13 ♂, 54/ 13♀, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♀, same data, but Waterkloof, 10.xi.2012 (Bidzilya); 3 ♂, same data, but Farm Cottage, 13, 14.xi.2012 (Bidzilya) (all ZMKU).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Scrobipalpa portosanctana is characterized by a dark brown forewing with an oblique black patch at 1/3 and other distinct black markings in the cell and apical area. Its forewing pattern is very similar to that of S. geomicta, but the latter is on average smaller. The male genitalia of S. portosanctana are characterized by the following combination of features: narrow, elongated tegumen and uncus; weakly sigmoid valva; long sacculus; and apically broad, obtuse saccus. Scrobipalpa geomicta differs in its straight valva, distally narrower sacculus and narrower vincular process. The female genitalia of S. portosanctana are distinguished by broad subgenital plates that are nearly connected medially, and well-developed anteromedial sclerites. Scrobipalpa geomicta differs in having a teardrop-shaped rather than subtriangular anteromedial depression, indistinct anteromedial corners of the subgenital plates, and a slenderer signum.</p> <p>Biology. Larvae feed on Lycium europaeum L. and L. barbatum L. (Solanaceae) in the Palaearctic Region (Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2010: 161). In South Africa larvae were recorded on Lycium ferocissimum Miers (= campanulatum E. Meyer ex C.H. Wright). Adults fly in September, November, March and May.</p> <p>Distribution: Southern Europe, NW Africa, Near East (Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2010: 160; Bidzilya et al. 2019: 48), South Africa.</p> <p>Remarks. Gelechia chersophila was described from four specimens collected in Kalk Bay, South Africa. I was not able to get in contact with curator of Lepidoptera in SAM to study the male holotype of the species. However, the redescription of the species in Janse (1960: 236) and the figure of the male genitalia of the holotype (Janse 1960, pl. 42b) as well as the male genitalia of one of paralectotypes examined by me, leave no doubt to its conspecificity with S. portosanctana. The female genitalia of specimens from South Africa differ slightly from those figured by Huemer &amp; Karsholt (2010: 494, fig. 95) in that segment VIII is longer and lacks an excavated lateral margin.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E461A93037C95B451BB23FF15	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E461B93037C95B74CBFA8FC3E.text	03D0116E461B93037C95B74CBFA8FC3E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa swakopi Bidzilya & Mey 2011	<div><p>Scrobipalpa swakopi Bidzilya &amp; Mey, 2011</p> <p>Figs 85, 147, 148, 192</p> <p>Scrobipalpa spec. 3 — Bidzilya 2007: 102, figs 42, 43; pl. 7, fig. 6.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa swakopi Bidzilya &amp; Mey, 2011 in Mey 2011: 211, Pl. 4, fig. 21, 22; pl. 9, fig. 40, pl. 32, fig. 17.</p> <p>Type material examined. Holotype of swakopi ♂, Namibia, Swakopmund, Swakop River, 15.i.2007, LF (Mey &amp; Ebert) (gen. slide 13/10, O. Bidzilya) (NHMW). Paratypes: Namibia: 7 ♂, 4 ♀, same data as holotype (gen. slide 441/07 ♂, 14/ 10♀, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Erongo, Brandberg, 3.xii. 2000, 800 m (Mey) (gen. slide 92/05 ♀, 104/05 ♂, O. Bidzilya) (all MfN).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Scrobipalpa swakopi is one of the smallest South African species in the genus (wingspan 7.5–9.0 mm) with a light brown forewing with black markings in the cell and white costal and tornal spots. Smaller specimens of S. geomicta may be confused with S. swakopi, but the former are darker and lack the white spots at 3/4 of costal and dorsal margin. A deeply divided uncus, unlikely that of any other congener, is the most characteristic feature in the male genitalia of S. swakopi. The female genitalia somewhat resemble those of S. erexita sp. nov., S. selectoides sp. nov. and a few other species in having narrow, digitate lobes of the anteromedial depression covered with foam-sculpturing. A very broad ductus bursae is characteristic for S. swakopi sp. nov.</p> <p>Biology. Host plant unknown. Adults have been recorded from December to January.</p> <p>Distribution. Namibia.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E461B93037C95B74CBFA8FC3E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E461B930C7C95B26ABDBDFF15.text	03D0116E461B930C7C95B26ABDBDFF15.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa ethiopica Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Scrobipalpa ethiopica sp. nov.</p> <p>Figs 86, 193</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♀, Athiopien, 14–15.i.1996, Simien Mts., 3100 m, leg. W. Mey &amp; K. Ebert (gen. slide 444/07, O. Bidzilya) (MFN-00096) (MfN).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Scrobipalpa ethiopica sp. nov. is a large species with a pale forewing mottled with brown and a brown oblique fascia at the base. The forewing pattern separates the new species from the somewhat externally similar S. incola, S. concreta and S. biljurshi. The female genitalia are distinguished by the broad trapezoidal extension of the anterior margin of segment VIII. The latter character could indicate a possible relationship of the new species with S. aptatella, S. kasyi and S. ergasima, which differ externally. However, in the absence of a male, the placement of this species near S. apatella remains provisional.</p> <p>Description. Adult (Fig. 86). Wingspan 21 mm. Head, thorax and tegulae creamy white, frons light, nearly white, tegulae with a few brown scales at base; labial palpus weakly upcurved, palpomere 2 about 3 times broader than palpomere 3, cream, with diffuse light brown basal and medial annualations, inner surface cream, palpomere 3 narrow, acute, about 2.5 times shorter than palpomere 2, cream, mottled with brown on outer surface; forewing light cream, mottled with brown in fold, along termen and veins, indistinct brown spots in cell, base dark brown, diffuse dark oblique fascia from 1/4 of costa to fold, black dot at 2/3 of dorsum, cilia light grey; hindwing and cilia nearly white.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Unknown.</p> <p>Female genitalia (Fig. 193). Papillae anales subtriangular, sparsely covered with short setae; apophyses posteriores about 3 times as long as apophyses anteriores; segment VIII nearly twice as wide as long, anterior margin projecting anteriorly forming broad trapezoid extension, subgenital plates smooth, weakly sclerotized, indistinctly wrinkled ventromedially, with paired longitudinal medial folds from base of apophyses anteriores extending posteriorly to 2/3 length and with ventromedial transversal folds; ventromedial depression narrow, membranous, outer edge of segment VIII with small triangular tooth at base of apophyses anteriores; apophyses anteriores comparatively thick, widened basally, about as long as segment VIII; ductus bursae narrow, weakly widened towards entrance of rounded corpus bursae, colliculum as broad as long; signum with broad basal plate, distal sclerite narrow, pointed, curved at base, positioned near entrance of ductus bursae.</p> <p>Biology. The holotype was collected in mid-January at an altitude of 3100 m.</p> <p>Distribution. Ethiopia.</p> <p>Etymology. The species name refers to the type locality in Ethiopia.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E461B930C7C95B26ABDBDFF15	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E4614930C7C95B739BCB3FAD3.text	03D0116E4614930C7C95B739BCB3FAD3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa aptatella (Walker 1864)	<div><p>Scrobipalpa aptatella (Walker, 1864)</p> <p>Figs 87, 149, 194</p> <p>Gelechia aptatella Walker, 1864: 636.</p> <p>Gelechia heliopa Lower, 1900: 417. Synonymized by Gaede 1937: 261–262.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa heliopa Walker, 1864 — Janse 1951: 199.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa (Scrobipalpa) heliopa Walker, 1864 — Povolný 1967: 211.</p> <p>Material examined. Ethiopia: 1 ♀, Athiopien, Addis-Abeba, 20.v.1979 | Dr. Angenstein Mgdbg., DDR, 3461 (gen. slide 191/07, O. Bidzilya) (MfN). South Africa: 1 ♂, Umkomaas, 24.i.1914 (Janse) (gen. slide 8517); 1 ♂, Natal, Weenen, 2840 ft., i.1924 (Thomasset); 1 ♀, Pret. North, 26.ii.1917 (Swierstra); 1 ♀, Pretoria, 3.xii.09 (Janse) (gen. slide 5473); 2 ♂, Rustenburg TP, i.1934 (Smith) (gen. slide 143/17, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♂, Barberton, 18.i.1911 (Janse) (gen. slide 4394); 1 ♂, Rustenburg, TP., i.1934 (Smith) (all TMSA). Namibia: 1 ♂, Brandberg, Wasserfallfläche, 1940 m, 18.iii.2001, Malaise-Falle (Mey) (gen. slide 34/07, O. Bidzilya) (MfN).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Scrobipalpa aptatella is easily distinguished superficially by its light brown forewing without distinct markings, and palpomere 3 of the labial palpus 1/2 the length of palpomere 2; in most of other Scrobipalpa species palpomere 2 is conspicuously shorter. The male genitalia are easily recognized by a vincular process that is longer than the sacculus, in combination with a long and broad saccus. Scrobipalpa ergasima is another Afrotropical species that has a sacculus shorter than the vincular process, but all other characters of the male genitalia are quite different. In the female genitalia, the combination of a long broad antrum and short apophyses anteriores are characteristic.</p> <p>Biology. Larvae were recorded feeding on Nicotiana tabacum (Solanaceae) in South Africa (Prinsloo &amp; Uys 2015: 311) and on Nicotiana sp. in DR Congo (Ghesquière 1940: 50). Adults fly from December to March and in May.</p> <p>Distribution. Australian region (Australia, New Zealand, Samoa); introduced in the Afrotropical (Cape Verde, DR Congo, Kenya, Ethiopia (first record), Tanzania, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Namibia, South Africa; might be distributed broader), Oriental (India, Sri-Lanka, Malaysia, Indonesia) and Palaearctic (South Europe, Northern Africa, Middle East, Arabian Peninsula, China) regions (Ghesquière 1940, Báez &amp; García 2005; Bidzilya &amp; Li 2010; Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2010; De Prins &amp; De Prins 2021).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E4614930C7C95B739BCB3FAD3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E4614930D7C95B3E2BF9BFA2C.text	03D0116E4614930D7C95B3E2BF9BFA2C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa ergasima (Meyrick 1916)	<div><p>Scrobipalpa ergasima (Meyrick, 1916)</p> <p>Figs 88, 150, 195</p> <p>Phthorimaea ergasima Meyrick, 1916: 568.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa ergasima (Meyrick, 1916) — Povolný 1966: 131.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa (Ergasiola) ergasima (Meyrick, 1916) — Povolný 1967: 232.</p> <p>Ergasiola ergasima (Meyrick, 1916) — Povolný 1989: 163</p> <p>Teleia hyoscyamella Rebel, 1912: 89; secondary homonym of Lita hyoscyamella Stainton, 1869.</p> <p>Lita mignatella Caradja, 1920: 100; unavailable, nomen nudum.</p> <p>Phthorimaea intestina Meyrick, 1921: 74.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa intestina (Meyrick, 1921) —Povolný 1964: 357</p> <p>Scrobipalpa intestina (Meyrick, 1921) — Janse 1951: 211, Pl. 90, fig. 1, Pl. 93, fig. 3, Pl. 98, fig. 10, Pl. 94, fig. 7, Pl. 99, fig. 7. Synonymized by Povolný 1966: 131.</p> <p>Gnorimoschema mirabile Gregor &amp; Povolný, 1955. Synonymized by Povolný 1964: 357.</p> <p>Gnorimoschema pervada Clarke, 1962: 101. Synonymized by Povolný 1966: 131.</p> <p>Type material examined. Holotype of intestina ♂, [South Africa] “Pret. North., 11.i.1917, T.J. Swierstra ” | “Phthorimaea intestina Meyr., Type No. 2524.” | “793” (TMSA).</p> <p>Material examined. South Africa: 15 ex., Pret. Nort., 10, 21.i.1917 (Swierstra); same data, 23.ii.1917; 21.iii.1917 (TMSA); 1 ♀, Limpopo, Hoedspruit, Hongony Camp, 30.iv–1.v.2010 (Mey &amp; Kühne); 3 ♂, Gauteng, Magaliesburg, 20.v. 2015, 1550 m (Mey) (all MfN); 1 ♀, 2 ex, nr. Graaf-Reinet, Kenorew, i.1987, reared ex S. eleagnifolium, flowers, coll. H. Zimmerman; 1 ♀, Pret. North, 21.xii.1916 (Swierstra) (gen. slide 5273); 3 ♂, 6 ♀, Pret. North, 21.xii, 10, 16, 17, 23.i, 23.ii, 21.iii.1917 (Swierstra); 1 ♀, Bela Vista, xi.1916 (Swierstra); 1 ♀, Magude, ii.1910 (Swierstra); 2 ♂, Cathedral Peak, Nat. Forestry, 1090, 15.iii.1976 (Endrödy-Younga); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Ponda Milia, K.N.P. Survey, 6–15.v.1976 (Potgieter &amp; Scoble); 1 ♂, Satara, K.N.P. Survey, 29.iv–2.v.1968 (Potgieter &amp; Goode); 1 ♂, Louis Trichardt, 12 km South, 12–17.iii.1954 (Janse) (all TMSA); 1 ♀, Eastern Cape, Graaff Reinet, Petersburg, Sourkloof, 7.xi. 2012, 1196 m (Bidzilya) (ZMKU). Ethiopia: 6 ♂, 3 ♀, Athiopein, Addis-Abeba, 7, 11, 19, 23.vi.1979 (Angenstein) (MfN). 1 ♂, Yemen: 13.57/43.57, Ibb, 1.5 km W Jiblah, 2100 m, 7.xi.1996 (Hacker); 1 ♀, Yemen, Al-Mahwid, Kawkaban, 2750 m, 31.x.1996 (Hacker); 1 ♀, Yemen, 13.33/43.49, Ta’izz, Vill. Lagius, 750 m, 18.xi.1996 (Hacker) (all MfN). Namibia: 4 ♂, 1 ♀, Brandberg, Wasserfallfläche, 18,20. iii. 2001, 1940 m (Mey); 5 ♂, Namibia, Brandberg, Mason Shelter, 7, 9.iii. 2002, 1740 m (Mey); 2 ♂, Brandberg, Hungarob-valley, 17.iii.2001, 1200 m (Mey) (all MfN); 1 ♀, Abachaus, SWA, July, 43 (Hobohm) (TMSA); 1 ♂, 3 ♀, Halali, Etosha nat. Park, 16–17.xii.1993 (Mey &amp; Ebert); 1 ♀, Otjikondo W Outjo, Holstein farm, 13.iii.2005, LF (Mey); 4 ♂, 1 ♀, Brandberg, Wasserfallfläache, 18, 20.iii. 2001, 1940 m, LF (Mey) (gen. slide 251/07 ♀; 339/07 ♂, O. Bidzilya) (all MfN); 1 ♀, Gobabeb. S.W.A., Game Reserve No. 3, 23–24.iv.1967 (Potgieter); 1 ♂, same data, but 8.v.1059 (Vari) (TMSA). Zimbabwe: 1 ♂, Vict. Falls Road, 38 m from Bulawayo, 25–26.iv.1954 (Janse) (TMSA). 1 ♀, Tanzania: Morogoro, Morogoro Town, 25.ii.1993 (Aarvik) (Afr Gel 082); 1 ♀, same data, but 1.iv.1992 (Afr Gel 083); 1 ex, same data, but 5.iv.1992 (all NHMO). 1 ♀, Kenya: Rift Valley, Lake Bogoria, 0˚20’N 36˚51E, 1000 m, 10.xi.2004 (Agassiz) (DA). Benin: 1 ♀, Atlantique, Coptonou, Institute for Tropical Agricultural Research, on campus, ex flower bugs of Solanum macrocarpum, viii.2015 (Goergen) (gen. slide MIC 7581) (BOLD:ACZ 6166); 1 ♂, same data as for proceeding, (gen. slide MIC 7582) (BOLD:ABW0932); 1 ♀, same data as for proceeding (BOLD:ACZ 6166); 1 ♀, same data as for proceeding, ex flower buds of Solanum aethiopicum (BOLD:ACZ 6166) (all CNC).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Scrobipalpa ergasima is distinguished superficially by its comparatively broad forewing covered with grey, black-tipped scales, with light brown suffusion along the veins, and black spots and dashes in the cell. This pattern is unique among Afrotropical Scrobipalpa. The male genitalia are unmistakable, characterized by a very short, hump-shaped sacculus; a very broad truncate saccus; and other characters. The most characteristic feature in the female genitalia is segment VIII densely covered posteriorly with foam-sculpturing. For differences from the somewhat similar S. aptatella, see the diagnosis of that species.</p> <p>Biology. In South Africa, larvae feed on flowers of Solanum eleagnifolium Cav. (new record), Solanum rigescens and S. panduriforme (?) (Solanaceae) (Bidzilya 2021: 518). In Benin, adults were reared from flower buds of Solanum macrocarpum and S. aethiopicum. Adults fly from January to May, July and from October to December.</p> <p>Distribution. Spain (Canary Islands), South Europe, northern Africa, Middle East, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Yemen (first record), Ethiopia (first record), Sudan, Tanzania (first record), Zimbabwe (first record), Kenya, DR Congo, Namibia, South Africa, Pakistan, India, Myanmar, China, Japan, Australia (Ghesquière 1931, Povolný 1964; Bidzilya &amp; Li, 2010; Huemer &amp; Karsholt 2010; De Prins &amp; De Prins 2021). The species appears to be broadly distributed in the Afrotropics.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E4614930D7C95B3E2BF9BFA2C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E4615930E7C95B061BF5DFB29.text	03D0116E4615930E7C95B061BF5DFB29.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scrobipalpa agassizi Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Scrobipalpa agassizi sp. nov.</p> <p>Figs 89, 90, 151, 152, 196</p> <p>Type material. Holotype 1 ♀, Kenya, Rift Valley, Turi, 8000 ft, 14.iii.1999, D.J.L. Agassiz (DA). Paratypes: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same data as holotype (gen. slide 1392 ♂, 1396 ♀, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♂, same data, but 10.vii.2000; 1 ♂, same data but 15.v.2000 (gen. slide 319/20, O. Bidzilya) (all in DA). Ethiopia: 1 ♀, Bahar Dar, xii.1968 (Scköuffele) (SMNS).</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new species is easily distinguished externally by the light brown forewing with a unique wing pattern, consisting of distinct white irroration along the veins, a black irregular patch before the middle of the wing, and black spots in the cell. The male genitalia are unmistakable within Scrobipalpa, having a conspicuously large gap between the sacculus and the vincular process; characteristically gradually curved valva; a very short, narrow sacculus; and an extremely long, slender phallus without sclerotization in the ductus ejaculatorius. The female genitalia are easily distinguished by strongly the sclerotized posterolateral corners of the subgenital plates; a distinct subtriangular anteromedial projection of sternum VIII; a long, narrow ductus bursae; and a very narrow signum.</p> <p>Description. Adult (Figs 89, 90). Wingspan 17.0–19.0 mm. Head covered with light brown, grey tipped scales; labial palpus upcurved, light brown, palpomere 2 black or dark brown on lower surface, outer surface mixed with black, palpomere 3 about 1/2 length and width of palpomere 3, acute, base slightly mixed with black; scape and flagellum light brown with indistinct grey rings; thorax light brown with three grey longitudinal stripes; forewing light brown with white veins, three black spots in middle of wing, another one at 2/3 mid-width, black patch of irregular shape at mid-length from costal margin to 2/3 width, black-tipped scales under costa, along dorsal margin, and at apex; cilia light brown, black-tipped; hindwing and cilia light grey with brown veins.</p> <p>Variation. Black pattern in middle of wing partially reduced in some specimens.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Figs 151, 152). Uncus twice as long as broad, distinctly narrowed in distal 1/2, apex rounded; gnathos broad, weakly curved; tegumen narrow, longer than broad at base, anteromedial emargination extending to about 1/3 length; valva gradually curved inwards, broad in basal 2/3, then strongly narrowed, distal 1/4 distinctly inflated, inner margin covered with setae, extending to 3/4 length of uncus; sacculus very small, slender, about 1/7 length of valva; vincular process short, subtriangular, separated from sacculus by very broad gap, posterior margin of vinculum with very narrow medial incision; saccus very narrow, extending slightly beyond top of pedunculus; distal portion of phallus very slender, as long as tegumen, weakly curved at 3/4 length with large apical hook, caecum distinctly broader, about 1/3 length of phallus.</p> <p>Female genitalia (Fig. 196). Papillae anales ovate, densely covered with short setae; apophyses posteriores twice as long as segment VIII; sternum VIII evenly sclerotized, posterior margin with broad medial emargination; postvaginal plates with strongly edged, sharp posterolateral corners, outer margin of segment VIII weakly outwardly broadened, with distinct anterolateral corners and conspicuous transition to apophyses anteriores, anterior margin of sternum VII strongly sclerotized with distinct triangular anteromedial projection, apophyses anteriores narrow, slightly longer than segment VIII; ductus bursae long, narrow, gradually broadened in distal 1/3, with distinct transition towards rounded corpus bursae; signum with basal plate long and narrow, distal hook very slender, weakly curved.</p> <p>Biology. Host plant unknown. Adults were collected in March, May, July and December at an altitude of about 2400 m in Kenya.</p> <p>Distribution. Ethiopia, Kenya.</p> <p>Etymology. The new species is named in the honor of David Agassiz who collected most of the type series of new species.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E4615930E7C95B061BF5DFB29	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E4616930E7C95B32DBD9BF9AA.text	03D0116E4616930E7C95B32DBD9BF9AA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ephysteris cretigena (Meyrick 1914) Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Ephysteris cretigena (Meyrick, 1914) comb. nov.</p> <p>Phthorimaea cretigena Meyrick, 1914: 191.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa cretigena (Meyrick, 1914) — Janse 1951: 204, pl. 91, fig. 4, pl. 94, fig. 4, pl. 99, fig. 4.</p> <p>Remarks. Phthorimaea cretigena was described from a single female holotype collected in Pretoria. The genitalia of the species justify its assignment to the genus Ephysteris Meyrick, 1908.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E4616930E7C95B32DBD9BF9AA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E4616930E7C95B0E4BF06F84F.text	03D0116E4616930E7C95B0E4BF06F84F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Microlechia colasta (Meyrick 1921) Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Microlechia colasta (Meyrick, 1921) comb. nov.</p> <p>Phthorimaea colasta Meyrick, 1921: 74.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa colasta (Meyrick, 1921) — Janse 1951: 202, pl. 87, fig. 4, pl. 91, fig. 12, pl. 99, fig. 15.</p> <p>Remarks. Phthorimaea colasta was described from a single male collected in Pretoria. The male genitalia of the species match those of the genus Microlechia. Within that genus, the species seems related to M. rhamnifolia (Amsel &amp; Hering, 1931).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E4616930E7C95B0E4BF06F84F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E4617930F7C95B7A6BC78FD2F.text	03D0116E4617930F7C95B7A6BC78FD2F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gelechia trychnophylla (Janse 1960) Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Gelechia trychnophylla (Janse, 1960), comb. nov.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa trychnophylla Janse, 1960: 240, pl. 107, pl. 112f, pl. 125f, pl. 127e.</p> <p>Remarks. Scrobipalpa trychnophylla was described from a female holotype, a male and a female from Livingstone, Zambia. The genitalia of the species match those of the genus Gelechia Hübner, [1825], where the species is closed to G. sematica (Meyrick, 1913).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E4617930F7C95B7A6BC78FD2F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E4617930F7C95B06FBCC6F89C.text	03D0116E4617930F7C95B06FBCC6F89C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Homaloxestis ocyphanes Meyrick 1937	<div><p>[No available genus] ocyphanes Meyrick, 1937</p> <p>Homaloxestis ocyphanes Meyrick, 1937: 95.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa ocyphanes (Meyrick, 1937) —Janse 1949, pl. 9, fig. 2; Janse 1960: 236, pl. 15, pl. 35a.</p> <p>Remarks. Homaloxestis ocyphanes was described from a single male from Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The male genitalia match neither those of the genus Scrobipalpa nor the lecithocerid genus Homaloxestis Meyrick, 1910, but indicate a possible relationship of this species with the genus Armatophallus Bidzilya, 2015. The species cannot be assigned to any current genus. Its placement will need to be re-assessed when additional material of ocyphanes, including the female, becomes available.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E4617930F7C95B06FBCC6F89C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E4617930F7C95B2CABFB8FA26.text	03D0116E4617930F7C95B2CABFB8FA26.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phthorimaea tristrigata Meyrick 1938	<div><p>Phthorimaea tristrigata Meyrick, 1938</p> <p>Phthorimaea tristrigata Meyrick, 1938: 12.</p> <p>Remarks. Phthorimaea tristrigata was described from the unique holotype, collected in Bitshumbu (Édouard), DR Congo. The assignment of the species to Scrobipalpa by De Prins &amp; De Prins (2021) follows Beccaloni et al. (2003). Since this generic combination has not been formally published, I prefer to leave tristrigata in Phthorimaea until the type is examined.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E4617930F7C95B2CABFB8FA26	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E4617930F7C95B6E4BF59FE69.text	03D0116E4617930F7C95B6E4BF59FE69.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Schizovalva costimacula (Janse 1960) Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Schizovalva costimacula (Janse, 1960) comb. nov.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa costimacula Janse, 1960: 240, pl. 95e,f, pl. 107, Pl. 112d, pl. 125e.</p> <p>Remarks. Scrobipalpa costimacula was described from a series of specimens of both sexes collected in Cape Town, South Africa. The genitalia, illustrated by Janse, clearly indicate the assignment of the species to genus Schizovalva Janse, 1951.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E4617930F7C95B6E4BF59FE69	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E4617930F7C95B567BF23FB84.text	03D0116E4617930F7C95B567BF23FB84.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trychnopalpa phalacrodes (Meyrick 1913) Bidzilya 2021	<div><p>Trychnopalpa phalacrodes (Meyrick, 1913) comb. nov.</p> <p>Gnorimoschema phalacrodes Meyrick, 1913: 293.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa phalacrodes (Meyrick, 1913) — Janse 1951: 214, pl. 91, fig. 11, pl. 93, fig. 6, pl. 98, fig. 13.</p> <p>Remarks. Gnorimoschema phalacrodes was described from a male and a female from Waterval Onder, Mpumalanga Province of South Africa. The male was illustrated by Janse (1951, pl. 91, fig. 11) as “type,” and that reference is considered as a valid lectotype designation. The genitalia of the lectotype leave no doubt that the species belongs to the genus Trychnopalpa Janse, 1958 and is most likely conspecific with T. fornacaria Janse, 1958, described from the same locality.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E4617930F7C95B567BF23FB84	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
03D0116E461093087C95B6E4BD05FDBA.text	03D0116E461093087C95B6E4BD05FDBA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phthorimaea pendens Meyrick 1918	<div><p>[No available genus] pendens Meyrick, 1918</p> <p>Phthorimaea pendens Meyrick, 1918: 18.</p> <p>Scrobipalpa pendens (Meyrick, 1918) — Janse 1951: 213, pl. 39, fig. 7, pl. 93, fig. 5, pl. 98, fig. 12.</p> <p>Remarks. Phthorimaea pendens was described from a single male collected in Melmoth, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The species is characterized by a yellowish-brown forewing with three brown spots in the cell connected to each other and to the costal margin by an interrupted brown narrow line. Randomly scattered shiny silvery scales are characteristic as well. The basally swollen phallus with an apical hook, a well-developed culcitula, a valva divided into a sacculus and cucullus in male genitalia indicate the possible assignment of the species to subfamily Gelechiinae. The long medial process on the anterior margin of the vinculum resembles a feature in the genus Scrobipalpomima Povolný 1985 (Gnorimoschemini), but other characters do not agree with that placement, and I am unable to propose a viable genus to accommodate this species.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0116E461093087C95B6E4BD05FDBA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V. (2021): A review of the genus Scrobipalpa Janse, 1951 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5070 (1): 1-83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5070.1.1
