identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
E9977F8409C391F2CD44F78F7BC0A5C8.text	E9977F8409C391F2CD44F78F7BC0A5C8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Montanelia disjuncta (Erichsen) (Erichsen) Divakar, A. Crespo, Wedin & Essl.	<div><p>Montanelia disjuncta (Erichsen) Divakar, A. Crespo, Wedin &amp; Essl.</p> <p>Parmelia disjuncta American Journal of Botany 99:2022 (2012) ≡ Parmelia disjuncta Erichsen, Annales Mycologici 37:78 (1939) ≡ Melanelia disjuncta (Erichsen) Essl., Mycotaxon 7:46 (1978).</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>M. disjuncta possess foliose thallus composed of 0.6-1.2 mm broad, flat to slightly convex and glossy lobes (Szczepańska et al. 2015). Its upper surface is smooth, olive-brown to dark brown. Pseudocyphellae are small, rather indistinct and submarginal. Its characteristic feature is the presence of the soralia (0.2-0.5 mm in diameter), which are punctiform, irregular, usually capitate and arise on the surface or at the margins of the lobes. Soredia are granular to isidioid, dark, but appearing white when abraded. Pycnidia are rare, conidia are 6-7 × 1 μm. Apothecia are not seen in the examined material.</p> <p>Chemistry.</p> <p>Perlatolic and stenosporic acids.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>M. disjuncta is a circumpolar species growing mainly on siliceous rocks. The geographical range of this species consists of both continental and oceanic areas of Europe and North America (Esslinger 1977; Otte et al. 2005; Hansen 2013). Available molecular data concern samples collected in North America (Canada, Greenland, USA), North (Iceland, Norway, Sweden, United Kingdom) and Central (Austria) Europe, as well as Asia (India).</p> <p>Haplotypes differentiation.</p> <p>Twelve different haplotypes were identified in M. disjuncta (n = 67), of which the most common haplotype occurs in Europe, North America and Asia (Fig. 6, Table 2). The highest diversity was observed in North America (Canada, Greenland, USA), for which a total of nine different haplotypes were found, including six that were exclusive for this region. We identified three different haplotypes amongst the newly-collected samples (n = 22). The most common one also occurs in other European countries, Asia and North America. The second most common also occurs in Northern Europe and North America, while the third haplotype was previously identified in specimens collected in the United Kingdom. Moreover, four different haplotypes were identified amongst specimens collected in Norway, while five haplotypes were identified in Canadian samples, of which three are unique to Canada. Three haplotypes were identified in samples from both Iceland and Greenland, two of which are common for these areas and one haplotype is unique to Greenland. Some haplotypes are represented by more than one sample originating from particular areas, such as Alaska and Maine (USA), the Yukon Territory (Canada) or Greenland. The haplotypes identified in our dataset originated from different geographical areas and two of the most common haplotypes are widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere. Based on the presented sampling, we could not indicate any geographical pattern, neither locally nor worldwide.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E9977F8409C391F2CD44F78F7BC0A5C8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Szczepanska, Katarzyna;Guzow-Krzeminska, Beata;Urbaniak, Jacek	Szczepanska, Katarzyna, Guzow-Krzeminska, Beata, Urbaniak, Jacek (2021): Infraspecific variation of some brown Parmeliae (in Poland) - a comparison of ITS rDNA and non-molecular characters. MycoKeys 85: 127-160, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.85.70552, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.85.70552
ADC70C7B179AF60C75A120E01B22CEFA.text	ADC70C7B179AF60C75A120E01B22CEFA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanelia agnata (Nyl.) (Nyl.) A. Thell	<div><p>Melanelia agnata (Nyl.) A. Thell</p> <p>Platysma agnatum Nova Hedwigia 60:416 (1995) ≡ Platysma agnatum Nyl., Flora, Jena 60:562 (1877) ≡ Cetraria agnata (Nyl.) Kristinsson, Lichenologist 6:144 (1974).</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>M. agnata has foliose thallus with flat, smooth, 0.25-2 mm broad lobes which are thicker on the margins and rounded at the ends (Szczepańska and Kossowska 2017). The upper surface is glossy, olive-brown to dark brown. The lower surface is pale brown to dark brown in the centre, with single, dark rhizines. M. agnata possess pseudocyphellae which are larger on the lobe margins and smaller, punctiform on the upper surface of the lobes. Pycnidia are mainly marginal to laminal, partially immersed and globose with hyaline bacilliform conidia (4.5-5.5 × 1 µm). Apothecia are not seen in examined material.</p> <p>Chemistry.</p> <p>No secondary metabolites were detected by TLC.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>M. agnata is a rare taxon occurring in arctic and boreal regions in North America and Europe, growing in open stands on siliceous and basalt rocks (Otte et al. 2005). Available molecular data concern samples collected only in North America (Greenland) and North Europe (Iceland, Norway).</p> <p>Haplotypes differentiation.</p> <p>Six different haplotypes were identified in M. agnata (n = 10), of which two Polish specimens, collected in the Karpaty Mountains, have the same, not previously known, haplotype (Fig. 3, Table 2). It differs from other haplotypes in at least seven positions. However, the remaining specimens originate from Greenland, Iceland or Norway and no other samples from Central Europe have been sequenced until now. Four Icelandic specimens have the same haplotype, which is similar to the haplotype from Norwegian specimens. In contrast, Icelandic haplotypes differ from Greenlandic haplotypes in at least eight positions. Whether their genetic diversity supports conclusions from previous papers suggesting potentially unrecognised species lineages in the M. agnata genus (Leavitt et al. 2014; Xu et al. 2017) remains unresolved and should be further studied.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/ADC70C7B179AF60C75A120E01B22CEFA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Szczepanska, Katarzyna;Guzow-Krzeminska, Beata;Urbaniak, Jacek	Szczepanska, Katarzyna, Guzow-Krzeminska, Beata, Urbaniak, Jacek (2021): Infraspecific variation of some brown Parmeliae (in Poland) - a comparison of ITS rDNA and non-molecular characters. MycoKeys 85: 127-160, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.85.70552, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.85.70552
61FAB9BE0CDE98FAC819AF4BA6B203FE.text	61FAB9BE0CDE98FAC819AF4BA6B203FE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Montanelia sorediata (Ach.) (Ach.) Divakar, A. Crespo, Wedin & Essl.	<div><p>Montanelia sorediata (Ach.) Divakar, A. Crespo, Wedin &amp; Essl.</p> <p>Parmelia stygia sorediata American Journal of Botany 99:2023 (2012) ≡ Parmelia stygia var. sorediata Ach., Lichenographia Universalis 471 (1810) ≡ Melanelia sorediosa (Almb) Essl., Mycotaxon 7:47 (1978) ≡ Melanelia sorediata (Ach.) Goward &amp; Ahti, Mycotaxon 28:94 (1987).</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>M. sorediata is a foliose species. Its lobes are flat to slightly convex, 0.2-0.6 mm broad, distinctly rugged and pitted at the ends (Szczepańska et al. 2017). The upper surface is smooth, dull, olive brown to dark brown. Characteristic soralia arise on the ends of the main lobes or on the smaller, erect side lobes. They are usually distinctly convex and capitate with granular to isidioid, dark soredia. Pseudocyphellae and pycnidia are absent. Apothecia are not seen in the examined material.</p> <p>Chemistry.</p> <p>Perlatolic and stenosporic acids.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>M. sorediata is a probably circumpolar species that prefers siliceous substrates, usually in open and well-lit places. The species is mentioned as occurring in North America and Europe (Esslinger 1977; Otte et al. 2005). Available molecular data concern only a few samples collected in North America (Canada, USA), North Europe (Norway, Sweden) and Asia (India).</p> <p>Haplotypes differentiation.</p> <p>Six different haplotypes were identified in M. sorediata (n = 16), of which two Polish specimens, collected in the Karpaty Mountains, have two different haplotypes that differ in a single position (Fig. 7, Table 2). Interestingly, sample 101 has the same haplotype as the specimen collected in Alaska (KF257980), while sample 100 has the same haplotype as four Scandinavian specimens collected in Norway and Sweden. Another of the most common haplotypes is represented by specimens collected in Japan, Russia and the USA. Therefore, no specific geographic pattern was observed in the dataset.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/61FAB9BE0CDE98FAC819AF4BA6B203FE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Szczepanska, Katarzyna;Guzow-Krzeminska, Beata;Urbaniak, Jacek	Szczepanska, Katarzyna, Guzow-Krzeminska, Beata, Urbaniak, Jacek (2021): Infraspecific variation of some brown Parmeliae (in Poland) - a comparison of ITS rDNA and non-molecular characters. MycoKeys 85: 127-160, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.85.70552, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.85.70552
74B8C83E9D7A3E8B2EBCB0E0E44544A2.text	74B8C83E9D7A3E8B2EBCB0E0E44544A2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cetraria commixta (Nyl.) (Nyl.) Th. Fr.	<div><p>Cetraria commixta (Nyl.) Th. Fr.</p> <p>Platysma commixtum Lichenographia Scandinavica 1:109 (1871) ≡ Platysma commixtum Nyl., Synopsis methodica lichenum 1:310 (1860) ≡ Melanelia commixta (Nyl.) A. Thell, Nova Hedwigia 60:417 (1995) ≡ Cetrariella commixta (Nyl.) A. Thell &amp; Kärnefelt, Mycological Progress 3:309 (2004).</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>C. commixta is a foliose species with elongated, smooth and flat lobes, 0.25-2.5 mm broad, which are thick on the margins and rounded at the ends (Szczepańska and Kossowska 2017). Its upper surface is glossy, olive-brown to dark brown or almost black. The lower surface is pale brown, but darker in the centre, with single, dark rhizines. C. commixta possess rounded or slightly elongated pseudocyphellae, which are present only on the margins and edges of lobes and cylindrical, marginal pycnidia, producing hyaline, citriform conidia (3-4 × 1-1.5 µm). Apothecia are marginal, constricted at base, 0.2-7 mm diam., with hyaline, ellipsoid to oblong-ellipsoid ascospores (6-8 × 4-6 μm).</p> <p>Chemistry.</p> <p>α-collatolic acid (chemotype I) or no substances (chemotype III).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>C. commixta is a circumpolar and arctic-alpine species (Otte et al. 2005), growing mainly in mountain sites, in open places with high precipitation, on natural acid, siliceous rocks in North America and Europe. Available molecular data concern samples collected in North America (Canada, Greenland), as well as North (Finland, Norway, Sweden) and West (Spain) Europe.</p> <p>Haplotypes differentiation.</p> <p>We identified seven different haplotypes (Fig. 2, Table 2) within C. commixta (n = 17) that differ from each other in one or two positions, except for a single Canadian sample that differs in at least eight positions. The most common haplotype was found in ten specimens occurring in Greenland and North and Central Europe, amongst them being three newly-sequenced specimens (samples 37 and 97 from Poland and sample 129 from Germany). Moreover, two Polish specimens (samples 36 and 124 from the Sudety Mountains) represent a unique haplotype that differs from the most common one in a single position. Five haplotypes identified in our dataset were represented by single specimens originating from Greenland (3 haplotypes), Canada or Spain.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/74B8C83E9D7A3E8B2EBCB0E0E44544A2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Szczepanska, Katarzyna;Guzow-Krzeminska, Beata;Urbaniak, Jacek	Szczepanska, Katarzyna, Guzow-Krzeminska, Beata, Urbaniak, Jacek (2021): Infraspecific variation of some brown Parmeliae (in Poland) - a comparison of ITS rDNA and non-molecular characters. MycoKeys 85: 127-160, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.85.70552, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.85.70552
2013A9BE0EDEB8093678B8F352AE717F.text	2013A9BE0EDEB8093678B8F352AE717F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanelia hepatizon (Ach.) (Ach.) A. Thell	<div><p>Melanelia hepatizon (Ach.) A. Thell</p> <p>Lichen hepatizon Nova Hedwigia 60:419 (1995) ≡ Lichen hepatizon Ach., Lichenographiae Sueciae Prodromus 110 (1798) ≡ Cetraria hepatizon (Ach.) Vain., Termeszetrajzi Füzetek 22:278 (1899).</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>M. hepatizon is foliose species with flat lobes that are 0.25-2.5 mm broad and thick at the margins (Szczepańska and Kossowska 2017). Its upper surface is glossy, brown to almost black. The lower surface is dark brown to black, paler near the margins, with single, dark rhizines. Pseudocyphellae are mainly present on the margins and edges of lobes. Pycnidia are marginal, but sometimes also laminal, sessile, globose to stalked, slightly elongated or cylindrical with hyaline, bacilliform conidia (3-5 × 1 µm). Apothecia are marginal to laminal, sessile, with hyaline, ellipsoid to oblong-ellipsoid ascospores (6-8 × 4-6 μm).</p> <p>Chemistry.</p> <p>Stictic and norstictic acids.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>M. hepatizon is a circumpolar and arctic-alpine species occurring from oceanic to continental sites on siliceous rocks in North America and Europe (Otte et al. 2005). Available molecular data concern samples collected in North America (Canada, Greenland) as well as North (Iceland, Norway, Sweden) and West (Italy) Europe.</p> <p>Haplotypes differentiation.</p> <p>A higher number of haplotypes was detected in M. hepatizon (n = 40), in which we identified 12 haplotypes (Fig. 4, Table 2). Amongst newly-sequenced specimens, we identified six haplotypes. Some are more common and were previously found in Greenland, Iceland, Italy, Norway or Sweden. In contrast, others were only found in newly-sequenced specimens, such as sample 91 from the Sudety Mountains in Poland and sample 117 from the Karpaty Mountains in Slovakia. However, no geographic pattern was found in the dataset.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2013A9BE0EDEB8093678B8F352AE717F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Szczepanska, Katarzyna;Guzow-Krzeminska, Beata;Urbaniak, Jacek	Szczepanska, Katarzyna, Guzow-Krzeminska, Beata, Urbaniak, Jacek (2021): Infraspecific variation of some brown Parmeliae (in Poland) - a comparison of ITS rDNA and non-molecular characters. MycoKeys 85: 127-160, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.85.70552, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.85.70552
918FEE9586AEF00780192EDA829750D6.text	918FEE9586AEF00780192EDA829750D6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanelia stygia (L.) (L.) Essl.	<div><p>Melanelia stygia (L.) Essl.</p> <p>Lichen stygius Mycotaxon 7:47 (1978) ≡ Lichen stygius L., Species Plantarum 2:1143 (1753).</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>M. stygia has foliose thallus, composed of 0.25-1.5 mm broad, smooth and usually distinctly convex lobes (Szczepańska and Kossowska 2017). The upper surface is glossy, dark brown to almost black. The lower surface is dark brown to black, paler near the margins, with single, dark rhizines. Pseudocyphellae in this species are numerous, rounded or slightly elongated and laminal - clearly visible on the upper surface of the lobes. Pycnidia are also common, globose, laminal and immersed with hyaline, bacilliform conidia (3.5-5 × 1 µm). Apothecia are laminal, constricted at the base and 0.5-6 mm in diameter. Ascospores are hyaline, ellipsoid to oblong-ellipsoid, 6-8 × 4-6 μm in size.</p> <p>Chemistry.</p> <p>Protocetraric and fumarprotocetraric acids (Race 1) or no substances detected (Race 6).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>M. stygia is a circumpolar and arctic-alpine species occurring mainly on siliceous rocks in upper mountain areas in North America and Europe (Otte et al. 2005). Available molecular data concern only a few samples collected in North America (Greenland) and North (Iceland, Finland, Norway) and West (Italy) Europe.</p> <p>Haplotypes differentiation.</p> <p>Amongst five identified haplotypes in Melanelia stygia (n = 19), all newly-sequenced specimens (five from Poland, one from Austria and one from the Czech Republic) have the same haplotype, previously reported from Austria, Finland, Italy and Norway (Fig. 5, Table 2). It differs from the haplotype identified in another Finnish specimen in two positions. Two Greenlandic specimens have the same haplotype that differs from the most common one in five positions. Four Icelandic samples have an identical haplotype that differs from the Norwegian sample in five positions; however, these samples differ in at least 13 positions from other haplotypes of M. stygia. Moreover, these Icelandic and one Norwegian samples form a separate clade shown in Fig. 1, in contrast to the remaining specimens of M. stygia. These molecular data suggest that these lineages may represent phenotypically indistinguishable cryptic species.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/918FEE9586AEF00780192EDA829750D6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Szczepanska, Katarzyna;Guzow-Krzeminska, Beata;Urbaniak, Jacek	Szczepanska, Katarzyna, Guzow-Krzeminska, Beata, Urbaniak, Jacek (2021): Infraspecific variation of some brown Parmeliae (in Poland) - a comparison of ITS rDNA and non-molecular characters. MycoKeys 85: 127-160, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.85.70552, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.85.70552
