identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03A38E58FFAAAB375C92381524E3B282.text	03A38E58FFAAAB375C92381524E3B282.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Beroe ovata Bruguiere 1789	<div><p>BEROE OVATA BRUGUIÈRE, 1789</p> <p>Synonyms:</p> <p>Beroe ovata Eschscholtz, 1829 (Chun, 1880).</p> <p>Beroe ovata Bosc, 1802 (Harbison et al., 1978).</p> <p>Beroe ovata Chamisso &amp; Eysenhardt, 1821 (Mayer, 1912) (see for complete synonyms until 1912).</p> <p>Beroe ovata Moser, 1903, 1910.</p> <p>Beroe clarkii Mayer, 1900.</p> <p>Beroe ‘ ovata ’ Eschscholtz, 1829 (Mills et al., 1996).</p> <p>Beroe ovata Mayer 1912 (Seravin et al., 2002).</p> <p>Beroe ovata sensu Mayer 1912 (Bayha et al., 2004).</p> <p>Beroe ovata has a wide, mitre-shaped flattened body, extended laterally in the voluminous stomodaeum (Fig. 3A, B). The lateral compression of the Beroe ovata body is remarkable, being more than three times flattened in the paragastral plane (Fig. 3B). It does not have an infundibular canal. The aboral end is rounded (Fig. 3C), while the oral end is almost straight and wider than the body width in adult individuals, which is characteristic only for B. ovata. Adult length is 50–160 mm (Fig. 3A, B), the length to width ratio (l/w) equals 1.1–1.2 (Seravin et al., 2002; Shiganova &amp; Malej, 2009). The meridional canals lie under eight rows of ciliary combs, which extend about three-quarters of the distance from the apical sense organ towards the mouth. Side branches (diverticulae) may be placed in connection to one another by means of an anastomosing network in the body (Fig. 3C, D) and, in addition, establishing a circle of an oral canal system. Like all species of genus Beroe, B. ovata has a wide-flaring mouth and large stomodaeum with powerful macrocilia on the walls near the mouth, three teeth with the middle tooth larger. Teeth help the ctenophore to capture whole prey or to bite part of prey (Tamm &amp; Tamm, 1993). The polar plate surrounding the sense organ at the aboral pole and is not fringed with a row of branched papillae (Fig. 3D). Beroe ovata is pink, while the largest adults are more intensely tinged brown and the plates are bioluminescent green.</p> <p>Geographical distribution: Beroe ovata is the only species of Beroe that became an invasive, being introduced with ballast water into European waters. Consequently, besides the native regions, now its habitats include established populations in the recipient areas.</p> <p>Native areas include: in Southern America – western coasts of the Atlantic Ocean from Colombia to Argentina (10°N to 42°S) (Domaneschi, 1976; Mianzan, 1986, 1999; Genzano &amp; Zamponi, 1993; Oliveira &amp; Migotto, 2006; Oliveira et al., 2007; Nogueira Jr., 2012; Nogueira Jr. et al., 2015); and in Northern America – Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island; Chesapeake Bay, Maryland (only in high salinity waters); Biscayne Bay, Florida, coastal waters along the Gulf of Mexico (Kremer, 1994).</p> <p>As a non-native species, B. ovata has been reported in the Black Sea, the Sea of Azov, the Caspian Sea, the Sea of Marmara, the Aegean Sea, the Levantine Sea and in Danish waters (Great Belt), where in most cases it is able to control populations of the harmful invasive ctenophore M. leidyi (Konsulov &amp; Kamburska, 1998; Shiganova et al., 2000, 2001, 2007, 2014a, b; Seravin et al., 2002; Finenko et al., 2003; Isinibilir et al., 2004; Mirsoyan et al., 2006; Shiganova &amp; Malej, 2009; Galil et al., 2011; Badreddine et al., 2020; Mamish et al., 2020; Roohi et al., 2020). Recently, it was also found in the Indian Ocean off the Kollam Coast, Kerala (India) in the Arabian Sea (09°0.3279’N, 76°23.4594’E) (Haripraved et al., pers. comm.).</p> <p>Habitat: Euryhaline and neritic coastal and estuarine warm waters (Mianzan, 1986; Kremer, 1994; Oliveira &amp; Migotto 2006).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A38E58FFAAAB375C92381524E3B282	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shiganova, Tamara A.;Abyzova, Galina A.	Shiganova, Tamara A., Abyzova, Galina A. (2022): Revision of Beroidae (Ctenophora) in the southern seas of Europe: systematics and distribution based on genetics and morphology. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194: 297-322, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab021
03A38E58FFABAB395C843A912215B24E.text	03A38E58FFABAB395C843A912215B24E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Beroe BROWNE 1756	<div><p>GENUS: BEROE BROWNE, 1756</p> <p>Representatives of Beroida and Cydipida are presumed to be the most primitive species among the Ctenophora because of the absence of a transmission stage, like true larva, which exist in the Orders Lobata, Cestida and Platyctenida (Aggasiz, 1865; Greve et al., 1976; Harbison 1985; Podar et al. 2001). The phylogeny of ctenophores is still controversial and Simion et al. (2015) have suggested that Beroe is perhaps not monophyletic. All representatives of Beroe have an oval or conical body shape beginning from the aboral part and a wide-flaring mouth with a large stomodeum. They have eight meridional and two paragastral canals that originate from the funnel and extend down to the middle of the broad sides of the body. Inside the mouth of the Beroida, macrocilia are located. They are finger-shaped, compound, ciliary organelles (Horridge, 1965; Harbison &amp; Madin, 1982; Tamm, 1982). A single macrocilium contains hundreds or thousands (depending on the species) of hexagonally packed 9 + 2 axonemes, organized into many parallel rows (Tamm &amp; Tamm, 1993). Most Beroe species are pink, especially along the meridional canals and comb-rows. All Beroe species are highly luminescent and flashing with blue-green light along the comb rows. Most of them are simultaneous hermaphrodites, capable of self-fertilization (Mianzan, 1999).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A38E58FFABAB395C843A912215B24E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shiganova, Tamara A.;Abyzova, Galina A.	Shiganova, Tamara A., Abyzova, Galina A. (2022): Revision of Beroidae (Ctenophora) in the southern seas of Europe: systematics and distribution based on genetics and morphology. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194: 297-322, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab021
03A38E58FFA3AB305C82397926B0B12E.text	03A38E58FFA3AB305C82397926B0B12E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Beroe mitrata (Moser 1907)	<div><p>BEROE MITRATA (MOSER, 1907)</p> <p>Synonym: Pandora mitrata Moser, 1907.</p> <p>Adult individuals of Beroe mitrata are not large compared to other Beroe species. Their average length is about 60 mm (Wrobel &amp; Mills, 1998). The body is mitre-shaped, flattened in cross-section. Its length to width ratio (l/w) is 1.33–1.78. Inside the large mouth, a macrocilia carpet is located, covering about 50% of the total area of the stomodaeum cavity. Macrocilia of B. mitrata are similar to that of B. forskaIii and have blunt, serrated tips, as viewed at the end of the effective stroke. The aboral end is oval or slightly tapered (Fig. 11A, B). The aboral pole is fringed with a row of short branched papillae (Fig. 11B). Like all Beroida, B. mitrata has eight meridional canals with eight comb rows, which are located beginning from the aboral organ and elongated maximally to the middle of the body. Comb rows might be of various lengths, extending from about half or two-thirds to threequarters of the body length. Meridional canals have many diverticulae that all bend toward the mouth. The numbers of branches of meridional canals increase with the growth of the individual (Moser, 1907; Komai, 1915). They are simple, showing only a few bifurcations and no anastomoses appear among them. Meridional canals are extremely flexible and can even turn inside-out as it was noted by Moser (1907) and Wrobel &amp; Mills (1998). The overall colour is white or pale pink, with diffuse orange or red spots or pair of stripes on either side of the body (Fig. 11A, B).</p> <p>Geographical distribution: Beroe mitrata was first described from Japanese waters (Moser, 1907; Komai, 1915). Other findings in this area and elsewhere in the Indo-Pacific are somewhat doubtful (Moss, 2009; Minemizu et al., 2015; Lungren, 2020). In addition, Beroe mitrata was found in the southern Pacific, northwestern Pacific, off South Africa (Wrobel &amp; Mills 1998; Mills &amp; Haddock, 2007) and in the Gulf of Mexico (Moss, 2009).</p> <p>In the Atlantic Ocean, B. mitrata has been recorded from the western Atlantic (Report of RV Ronald H. Brown Cruise 06-03 to the western subtropical and tropical north Atlantic 10 April to 30 April, 2006). It was also recorded from the Mediterranean, in the Ligurian Sea (Madin, 1991; Tamm &amp; Tamm, 1993). Mills (2005) has mentioned B. mitrata as an infrequent visitor to the Mediterranean.</p> <p>Observations of Beroe mitrata were performed in the southern Aegean Sea in Turkish Bays: Gökova, Marmaris, Bodrum and Fethiye Bays (Killi et al., 2019). In Gökova Bay, the invader M. leidyi and the native B. mitrata first arrived from the northern Aegean Sea with currents from the north (Killi &amp; Tarkan, 2013). Now both ctenophores are observed regularly in Gökova Bay and in its several smaller bays and coves, where B. mitrata controls the M. leidyi population by preying on it (Killi &amp; Tarkan, 2013).</p> <p>Habitat: Occurs in the warm surface waters, on the outer continental shelf and on the slopes (Wrobel &amp; Mills, 1998; Moss, 2009).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A38E58FFA3AB305C82397926B0B12E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shiganova, Tamara A.;Abyzova, Galina A.	Shiganova, Tamara A., Abyzova, Galina A. (2022): Revision of Beroidae (Ctenophora) in the southern seas of Europe: systematics and distribution based on genetics and morphology. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194: 297-322, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab021
03A38E58FFA6AB345E3D39F222AEB197.text	03A38E58FFA6AB345E3D39F222AEB197.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Beroe cucumis Fabricius 1780	<div><p>BEROE CUCUMIS FABRICIUS, 1780</p> <p>The body shape is strait or slightly oval in the oral part and oval at the aboral side, and it is more flattened in the paragastral plane than B. pseudocucumis (Fig. 6C, D). The adult length varies from 50 to 150 mm. Its length to width ratio (l/w) ranges 1.6–2.2. This ratio is variable: we observed specimens, which were shorter and longer, wider or slenderer, but never less than for B. pseudocucumis. Juvenile individuals may be narrower in the oral part of the body. Similar individuals were illustrated by Mayer (1912). The meridional canals lie under eight rows of ciliary combs, which extend about three-quarters of the distance from the aboral pole towards the mouth or a bit longer, but not up to the mouth. Its meridional canals have numerous diverticulae, which may branch out in adult ctenophores, but do not anastomose with each other, and do not connect with paragastral canals. At the aboral end, two oval polar-plates (Fig. 6A) surround the sense organ at the oval aboral pole, and are fringed with a row of short, branched papillae. Macrociliaries have three-toothed macrociliary tips with a somewhat larger middle tooth (Tamm &amp; Tamm, 1993).</p> <p>Geographical distribution: Beroe cucumis was previously believed to be a widespread species, continuously distributed from the Arctic to the Antarctic (Pages &amp; Orejas, 1999), but according to our genetic and morphological studies, and by comparison of published data, this species has a bipolar distribution, inhabiting cold polar and temperate waters, while being absent from tropical and subtropical zones.</p> <p>Distribution in the Arctic: all Eurasian seas (Sirenko, 2001), including the Barents Sea (Manko et al., 2015; Bandara et al., 2016; this study), the White Sea (Kosobokova &amp; Pertsova, 2018), the Kara Sea (Dvoretsky &amp; Dvoretsky, 2017), the Laptev Sea (Abramova &amp; Tuschling, 2005), the East-Siberian Sea and the Chukchi Sea (Ershova et al., 2015); Canada Basin (Raskoff et al., 2005; Purcell et al., 2010).</p> <p>Distribution in the Atlantic Ocean: individuals of Beroe cucumis were sampled from the North of Norway to the south-east of the North Sea and analysed genetically (this research). In the Atlantic Ocean Beroe cucumis individuals were sampled from the northern part of Norway to the south-east of the North Sea and analysed genetically (this research). Also, B. cucumis is known to occur in the northern and north-eastern Atlantic (Fabricius, 1780; Van Soest, 1973; Granhag et al., 2012; Licandro et al., 2015; Knutsen et al., 2018), and along the eastern coasts of Canada and the USA (Mayer, 1912; Harbison et al., 1978).</p> <p>In the Mediterranean Sea, and the subtropical, tropical and equatorial regions of the Atlantic Ocean, it is replaced by B. pseudocucumis. Additional genetic studies are required to clarify the boundaries of the B. cucumis occurrence off the coast of South America, but presumably B. cucumis occurs also in the temperate and subpolar waters of the South Atlantic and Antarctic (Siegel &amp; Harm, 1996; Mianzan 1999; Mianzan &amp; Guererro, 2000; Pakhomov et al., 2000; Flores et al., 2010, 2011). There is evidence of B. cucumis occurring in the Benguela Current near South Africa (Gibbons et al., 1992).</p> <p>In the Pacific Ocean, Beroe cucumis occurs in cold waters: north-west Pacific (Kasuya et al., 2000; Napazakov &amp; Chuchukalo 2011); north-east Pacific, eastern Bering Sea (Hoff et al., 2011); and the southeast Pacific off Chile (Pages &amp; Orejas, 1999; Oliveira et al., 2016). It frequently occurs in southern Australia (Stiasny, 1931; Edgar, 1997; Gershwin et al., 2010) and in New Zealand waters (Ralph, 1950).</p> <p>Now that we have genetic confirmation of the presence of two species with a similar morphotype (Beroe cucumis and B. pseudocucumis), it is necessary to conduct a detailed analysis of the ecology and distribution of these two species. It is possible that there are areas of overlap in their habitat and geography. According to previous records, B. cucumis occurs in the areas between temperate and subtropical climatic zones, like the east coast of the USA (Mayer, 1912; Harbison et al., 1978), the west coast of the USA (Wrobel &amp; Mills, 1998) and the Yellow and East China seas (Liu, 2013; Yin et al., 2017; Wang &amp; Cheng, 2019). However, additional ecological and genetic studies of individuals in these areas are required to clarify the species identification and distribution.</p> <p>Habitat: Cold-water boreal species, has bipolar distribution and inhabits cold polar and temperate waters, while absent in tropical and subtropical zones.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A38E58FFA6AB345E3D39F222AEB197	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shiganova, Tamara A.;Abyzova, Galina A.	Shiganova, Tamara A., Abyzova, Galina A. (2022): Revision of Beroidae (Ctenophora) in the southern seas of Europe: systematics and distribution based on genetics and morphology. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194: 297-322, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab021
03A38E58FFA1AB315C5B3FED26ABB2C3.text	03A38E58FFA1AB315C5B3FED26ABB2C3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Beroe forskalii Milne Edwards 1841	<div><p>BEROE FORSKALII MILNE EDWARDS, 1841</p> <p>The body is strongly flattened. The aboral part is sharply conical, whereas the oral part is oval with a rounded, voluminous mouth, expanded on the entire oral part. The length is up to 150 mm (Fig. 9A–C). The length/width ratio is 1.75–2.00. The eight meridional canals lie under eight rows of dense ciliary combs plates. The elongate plates, covering them from the surface, extend up to three-quarters of the body length from the aboral pole towards the mouth. Diverticulae are connected to each other, forming dense anastomoses of fine networks. The colour is pink with a dark tinge along the ciliary comb rows, which is specific for B. forskalii (Mills &amp; Haddock, 2007; Shiganova &amp; Malej, 2009). There is an axial funnel-tube. The aboral pole is fringed with a row of long, branched papillae (Fig. 9D). The macrocilia are arranged in long, tapering stripes running from the lip edge to a considerable distance into the stomodaeal cavity. Each stomodaeal wall bears about 20 macrociliary stripes, which increase in length towards the middle of the stomodaeum (Tamm &amp; Tamm, 1993).</p> <p>Geographical distribution: We presume the existence of two different species, listed under Beroe forskalii following the presumption of Johansson et al. (2018) and our morphological analyses. While there is no sufficient data on the genetic structure of individuals around the world, we only present generalized data on the species distribution.</p> <p>Beroe forskalii is widely distributed in the Atlantic: the Mediterranean Sea (Madin, 1991; Tamm &amp; Tamm, 1993), off the Brazilian coast (Oliveira &amp; Migotto, 2014), off the USA east coast (Podar et al., 2001); the Pacific: off the California coast (Wrobel &amp; Mills, 1998; Podar et al., 2001; Stout et al., 2002; Schultz et al., 2020); the eastern Pacific off Mexico and near Guadalupe Island (Ruiz-Escobar et al., 2015); off Peru (Oliveira et al., 2016); off Japan (Kubota, 1997; Fujikura et al., 2012) and off Australia (Gershwin et al., 2014). It was recently discovered in the southern waters of the Atlantic (Oliveira &amp; Migotto, 2014). A single specimen was collected in the São Sebastião Channel, in south-eastern Brazil (23.8°S, 45.4°W). The authors conducted a comparative morphological analysis and concluded that the individual belongs to the same species that lives in the Mediterranean Sea. Definitely belonging to this species, a recent specimen was recorded from the coastal waters of Pakistan (Gul &amp; Jahangir, 2019; Shiganova identification from illustration). An individual of Beroe forskalii was found on the coast of Japan (Lindsay, 2006), but there is insufficient data on the morphology of this specimen, which made it difficult to compare it with the Australian or Mediterranean samples.</p> <p>All these records demonstrate that B. forskalii is a warm-water species (Chun, 1880; Mianzan, 1999). Individuals identified as B. forskalii, but probably belonging to another species, have been reported from cold Antarctic waters (Flores et al., 2010, 2011; Siegel &amp; Harm, 1996).</p> <p>Habitat: Warm waters.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A38E58FFA1AB315C5B3FED26ABB2C3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shiganova, Tamara A.;Abyzova, Galina A.	Shiganova, Tamara A., Abyzova, Galina A. (2022): Revision of Beroidae (Ctenophora) in the southern seas of Europe: systematics and distribution based on genetics and morphology. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194: 297-322, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab021
03A38E58FFA4AB355C833AC72233B19B.text	03A38E58FFA4AB355C833AC72233B19B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Beroe pseudocucumis Shiganova & Abyzova 2022	<div><p>BEROE PSEUDOCUCUMIS SP. NOV.</p> <p>Zoobank registration: urn:lsid:zoobank. org:act: 87D103FA-F278-4D2F-B206- 0AAF96632F0C</p> <p>Synonyms: Beroe ovata of Eschscholtz, 1829);</p> <p>Beroe cucumis sensu Mayer (of Bayha et al., 2004)</p> <p>Etymology: From Latin cucumis, cucumber, and the Greek prefix ψευδο-, false, because the name B. cucumis had been misapplied to this species in the past.</p> <p>The body is long-oval, from slightly flattened to nearly circular in cross-section, l/w: 2.0–3.0, with length up to three times longer than the width, which is specific for this species. The aboral end and oral part is rounded, which is specific for this species (Fig. 5). Adult length varies from 50 to 160 mm. The eight meridional canals lie under eight rows of ciliary combs, which extend for three-quarters of the length from aboral pole towards the mouth or, sometimes, further (Fig. 5A, B). Lateral branches of the meridional canals (diverticulae) are dense (which is unique in this species) and do not anastomose with each other (Fig. 5C). Stomodaeum is voluminous and occupies most of the body (four-fifths). The colour is pink or translucent, being slightly pink along the ciliary comb rows. There is an axial funnel tube; the aboral pole is fringed with a row of long, branched papillae, which is also specific for this species (Fig. 5D).</p> <p>This new species differs from Beroe cucumis by its long body (up to three times longer compared to width), the roundish shape of the mouth, the dense diverticulae that do not anastomose with each other. Its stomodaeum is large and constitutes four-fifths of the width of the body. There is an axial funnel tube and an aboral pole with a row of long, branched, aboral papillae (Fig. 5). Reliable identification may only prove reliable thorough morphological examination of adult individuals and DNA analyses.</p> <p>Geographical distribution: This species occurs in warm waters. Genetically its occurrence was confirmed off Villefranche sur Mer (Ligurian Sea) and the Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean), the north-eastern Pacific off the Californian coast and in the north-west Atlantic at Woods Hole, Massachusetts (Podar et al., 2001; Bayha et al., 2004; Johansson et al., 2018; this study). The species is also known from morphological studies in the Mediterranean Sea (Chun, 1880; Mertens, 1833; Galil &amp; Gevili, 2013; Shiganova &amp; Malej, 2009).</p> <p>In an extensive study of warm-water ctenophores, Harbison et al. (1978) showed that Beroe cucumis is widespread also in the tropical and subtropical Atlantic. However, he highlighted (Harbison, 2001) that the species he called Beroe cucumis sensu Mayer after Harbison et al. (1978), is not the same as the one from Greenland described by Fabricius (1780). The same opinion was expressed by Wrobel &amp; Mills (1998) after study of individuals from the Pacific coast of the USA.</p> <p>We suppose that all these individuals listed as B. cucumis, but found outside the cold-water areas, belong to Beroe pseudocucumis: Spanish coast, Madeira, the Canary Islands, the Caribbean and from the east coast of the USA to southern Brazil (Bayha et al., 2004; Oliveira &amp; Migotto, 2006; Moss, 2009; Oliveira et al., 2016). A few studies mentioned similar individuals from the Indian Ocean and the Arabian Sea (Harbison et al., 1978; Gul &amp; Jahangir, 2019). It is highly likely that these also are the warm-water Beroe pseudocucumis, also inhabiting the Indo-Pacific (von Drygalski, 1909; Bigelow, 1919).</p> <p>Habitat: Warm water, inshore and offshore (F. Lombard, pers. comm; Shiganova &amp; Malej, 2009.); widespread in tropical and subtropical waters.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A38E58FFA4AB355C833AC72233B19B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shiganova, Tamara A.;Abyzova, Galina A.	Shiganova, Tamara A., Abyzova, Galina A. (2022): Revision of Beroidae (Ctenophora) in the southern seas of Europe: systematics and distribution based on genetics and morphology. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194: 297-322, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab021
