identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03F587BBFF8DFFCD639BFEF8FEEC7501.text	03F587BBFF8DFFCD639BFEF8FEEC7501.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Micronotus Hancock 1902	<div><p>Micronotus Hancock, 1902</p> <p>Redescription. Body granulate, robust, and brachypronotal (Figs. 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A). Head: frontal costa bifurcation located near the top of the vertex, between the compound eyes; scutellum slightly narrow, with carinae as inverted V-shaped; lower margin of the antennal grooves located between of the lower margin of the compound eyes (Figs. 1C, 2C, 3C, 4C, 5C). Eyes subglobose, with rounded dorsal surface and straight ventral margin (in lateral view) and very slightly elevated higher than vertex; lateral ocelli placed about between the middle of the eyes, medial ocellus located on the lower margin of the scutellum (Figs. 1C, 2C, 3C, 4C, 5C). Antennae filiform and 12-13 segmented; vertex little wider than one of the eyes, truncate anteriorly; median carinae present and short (Figs. 1B, 2B, 3B, 4B, 5B). Facial outline sub-vertical, waving between the connection of the facial carinae and the frontal carinae. Fastigium of the vertex produced in lateral view; fastigio-fascial angle rounded; frontal costa mid-length and connected with the facial carinae and reaching near the middle of the face (Figs. 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A); palpi with first three segments cylindrical and last two rounded and flattened, with the same color as the predominant coloration of the body (Figs. 1C, 2C, 3C, 4C, 5C). Pronotum: Robust, not surpassing the tip of hind femora, or if it does exceed it, it slightly exceeds it. Pronotal disc flattened, tectiform, widened between the humeral angles; anteriorly straight, posterior apex pointed (Figs. 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A). Humeral angles and lateral shoulder carinae rounded; lateral lobe subrounded below, slightly outwardly; infra-scapular area slim and short; lateral area moderately widened. Post humeral spot present (Figs. 1B, 2B, 3B, 4B, 5B). Wings. Tegmina lanceolate, wings often undeveloped, rarely well developed, but never surpassing the pronotum apex. Legs. Fore and mid-femora compressed, slightly to strongly carinated; hind femora with ante-genicular tooth little developed; genicular and femoral lobes small; hind tibia scarcely ampliated near the apex; the first article of the tarsi of the hind leg, subequal to the second and third articles united (Figs. 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A). Terminalia: Male. Tenth tergite constricted, epiproctus triangular; cerci conical and reduced; subgenital plate short, with the apex of the dorsal edge in a triangular shape. Female. Epiproctus lanceolate, valvae normal developed; subgenital plate rectangular, slightly longer than wide, apex with a shallow distal notch, and forming a lobe on each side partially covering the base of the inferior valva (Fig. 4A).</p> <p>Taxa included. Micronotus quadriundulatus (Redtenbacher, 1892) (Type species by original monotypy) (Fig. 1), M. asperulus (Bolívar, 1887) (Fig. 3) and M. andeanum (Hebard, 1923) n. comb. (transferred from Tetrix) (Figs. 4 and 5).</p> <p>Distribution. This genus is widely distributed in different bioregions. M. quadriundulatus is recorded mainly in the Caribbean region, between Panama and the Lesser Antilles such as St. Vincent, Trinidad, and Tobago. M. asperulus is registered in the South of Brazil, in the Mata Atlantica. M. andeanum n. comb. is registered in the limits of the high Andean Forest and paramo of the Colombian Andes. However, among the localities recorded for the genus, there is a considerable gap in the distribution, which may contain more data to be recorded for known species, and most likely new taxa to be discovered (Map 1).</p> <p>Comparison. Micronotus is similar to the brachypronotal forms of Tetrix and Paratettix, differing from these two genera by having the midline of the pronotum sub-elevated and wavy, tegmina lanceolate and short, in contrast to the other two genera, which do not have the midline elevated and the tegmina are ovoid. Regarding head characters, Micronotus has a prolonged fastigium as in Tetrix species, thus differentiating it from Paratettix.</p> <p>Another genus of similar appearance is Liotettix since its species are brachypronotal, the tegmina are reduced or absent, and poorly developed hind wings. It differs from Micronotus because it does not have a prolonged fastigium, the infrascapular area is not developed, and instead of this, there is the widened lateral area, occupying from the humeral region to the apex.</p> <p>Comments. Currently, four species are included in the genus, but in this contribution M. dubius n. syn. is synonymized under M. quadriundulatus. The original description of M. dubius n. syn. is short, but when comparing the two types of specimens, no differences were found to maintain the two species as valid, having the same structure of the fastigium shape, frontal costa, and shape of the middle femur; differing only in the undulations of the midline, a little more pronounced in the type specimen of M. dubius n. syn. then in the type specimen of M. quadriundulatus. However, the undulations of the pronotum are variable, especially in females, and this was one of the causes that in the past M. hancocki was synonymized under M. quadriundulatus (Hebard, 1924).</p> <p>T. andeanum is included in Micronotus, as it fits into the diagnostic characteristics of the genus, ruling out the presence of the genus Tetrix for South America, restricting its distribution in the New World to just North America. M. andeanum n. comb., has the midline of the pronotum elevated with the typical undulations of the Micronotus species, the tegmina are short and lanceolate, the fastigium has a similar shape as some Tetrix species; perhaps, for this reason, it was located in the genus Acrydium Geoffroy, 1762, in its original description (Hebard, 1923).</p> <p>The status of M. asperulus is reviewed, and it fits the characteristics of the genus. M. caudatus is included in the new genus Danielatettix n. gen., which is here described. Below is provided a key to species considered valid to Micronotus:</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F587BBFF8DFFCD639BFEF8FEEC7501	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J.;Gonzalez, Gloria Raquel Dávila;Rodríguez, Martha Carolina Vásquez;Rodríguez, Diana Marcela Trujillo	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Gonzalez, Gloria Raquel Dávila, Rodríguez, Martha Carolina Vásquez, Rodríguez, Diana Marcela Trujillo (2021): The status of Micronotus Hancock, 1902 species (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae). Zootaxa 5082 (2): 129-144, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5082.2.3
03F587BBFF86FFC1639BFF01FA4C76E9.text	03F587BBFF86FFC1639BFF01FA4C76E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Micronotus Hancock 1902	<div><p>Key to Micronotus species</p> <p>1. Mid-femur without conspicuous carinae. Pronotum without exceeding the apex of the abdomen and the hind femur (Figs. 1B, 2B, 4B, 5B); pronotal disc with a wavy midline from anterior to the posterior edge (Figs. 1A, 2A, 4A, 5A)............... 3</p> <p>‒ Mid femur conspicuously carinate. Pronotum exceeding the apex of the abdomen and hind femur (Fig. 3B); pronotal disc with a small hump at the level of the prozone, thereafter no additional undulations (Fig. 3A)..................... M. asperulus</p> <p>2. Ocelli conspicuous, as wide as the antennal pedicelus (Fig. 1C). Hind wings reduced, especially to the female. Fastigium rounded, slightly protruding in the middle of the eyes in lateral view (Fig. 1A)...................... M. quadriundulatus</p> <p>‒ Ocelli of medium size, as wide as half the width of the antennal pedicelus (Figs. 4C and 5C). Hind wings moderately developed, failing to reach the pronotal apex. Fastigium conical, protruding conspicuously from the middle of the eyes in lateral view (Figs. 4A and 5A)........................................................................ M. andeanum n. comb.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F587BBFF86FFC1639BFF01FA4C76E9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J.;Gonzalez, Gloria Raquel Dávila;Rodríguez, Martha Carolina Vásquez;Rodríguez, Diana Marcela Trujillo	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Gonzalez, Gloria Raquel Dávila, Rodríguez, Martha Carolina Vásquez, Rodríguez, Diana Marcela Trujillo (2021): The status of Micronotus Hancock, 1902 species (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae). Zootaxa 5082 (2): 129-144, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5082.2.3
03F587BBFF86FFC0639BFDBEFAB27659.text	03F587BBFF86FFC0639BFDBEFAB27659.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Danielatettix Cadena-Castaneda 2021	<div><p>Danielatettix Cadena-Castañeda n. gen.</p> <p>http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:516442</p> <p>Description. Body granulate, small size, slender and macropronotal (Figs. 6A, B). Head: frontal costa bifurcation located near to the top of vertex; scutellum narrow, with carinae almost parallel; lower margin of the antennal grooves located between of the lower margin of the compound eyes (Fig. 6C). Eyes subglobose, with rounded dorsal surface and straight ventral margin (in lateral view) and elevated higher than vertex (Fig. 6A); lateral ocelli placed on the side of the costa frontal, medial ocellus located on the lower margin of the scutellum and as wide as lateral ocelli (Fig. 6C). Antennae elongated and filiform, more than 2.5 times longer than the fore-femur, with 13-14 segments; vertex little wider than one of the eyes in dorsal and frontal views, truncate anteriorly; median carinae present and short. Facial outline sub-vertical, rounded between the connection of the facial carinae and the frontal carinae. Fastigium of the vertex not produced in lateral view; fastigio-fascial angle rounded (Fig. 6A); frontal costa mid-length and connected with the facial carinae and reaching near the middle of the face; palpi whitish, with first three segments cylindrical and last two rounded and flattened (Fig. 6C). Pronotum: Slender, surpassing the tip of hind femora and abdomen (Fig. 6B). Pronotal disc almost flat, with an undulation at the level of the prozone, widened between the humeral angles; anteriorly straight, posterior apex pointed (Fig. 6A). Humeral angles and lateral shoulder carinae rounded; lateral lobe subrounded below, notoriously prolongated latero-ventrally; infrascapular area very slim and short; lateral area moderately widened (Fig. 6A). Post humeral spot present or not (Fig. 6B, 7). Wings. Tegmina ovoid, wings well developed reaching to apex of pronotum (Fig. 6A). Legs. Fore and midfemora compressed, carinated with undulations, most conspicuous on ventral margin (Fig. 6D, E, F); hind femora with ante-genicular tooth little developed; hind tibia ampliated from the base to the apex; the first article of the tarsi of the hind leg, subequal to the second and third articles united. Terminalia: Male. Penultimate male sternite with posterior margin straight (Fig. 6H); subgenital plate slender, triangular-shaped in ventral view and divided at the apex (Fig. 6G); cerci small and conical (Fig. 6H). Female. Ovipositor normal, with the apex of dorsal and ventral valves sharped (Figs. 6I and J); subgenital plate emarginated along ventro-apical edge (Fig. 6I).</p> <p>Type species: Danielatettix caudatus (Saussure, 1861) n. comb., by monotypy and original designation.</p> <p>Etymology. Dedicated to Daniela Santos Martins Silva, in recognition of her contributions to the American pygmy grasshoppers, as well as her friendship and unconditional support for the first author (OJCC).</p> <p>Distribution. The only species of this new genus has several records in northern South America, and from the Amazon with a distributional gap to the south, with records in Paraguay and northern Argentina (Map 1).</p> <p>Comparison. Danielatettix n. gen., is similar to Stenodorsus, the species of both genera are slender and small in size compared to the other genera of the subfamily Tetriginae, which are reported for America. Stenodorsus differs from the new genus because the body is somewhat rugose, pronotum very prolongated, pronotal disc flattened; frontal costa narrowly sulcate, almost imperceptibly widening forward to the median ocellus; mid-femur slender and not carinated; first and third articles of hind tarsi equal in length.</p> <p>The new genus differs from the Paratettix and Tetrix genera, the thorax does not widen markedly in dorsal view at the level of the pro- and mesothorax; the hind femur is slender, not thickened, the antennae originate in the middle of the lower edge of the antennal sockets; the other two genera in comparison, the antennas originate lower than the level of the eye sockets. Danielatettix n. gen. has the male subgenital plate apex triangular-shaped, to Paratettix and Tetrix it tends to be rounded. The fastigium is not prolonged in the new genus, as is common in Tetrix species.</p> <p>Danielatettix n. gen., differs from Micronotus because of the only known species D. caudatus n. comb. throughout its distributional range, and in the literature records, it does not have brachypronotal forms, on the contrary, Micronotus species are all brachypronotal, without any record of any macropronotal specimen. The fastigium of the new genus does not extend; in addition, the frontal costa is parallel, it is not noticeably divergent, as it happens to the Micronotus species. The tegmina of the new genus are ovoid, in contrast to the tegmina of the Micronotus species that are lanceolate, less widened, and less elongated than the other genera compared here.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F587BBFF86FFC0639BFDBEFAB27659	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J.;Gonzalez, Gloria Raquel Dávila;Rodríguez, Martha Carolina Vásquez;Rodríguez, Diana Marcela Trujillo	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Gonzalez, Gloria Raquel Dávila, Rodríguez, Martha Carolina Vásquez, Rodríguez, Diana Marcela Trujillo (2021): The status of Micronotus Hancock, 1902 species (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae). Zootaxa 5082 (2): 129-144, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5082.2.3
03F587BBFF87FFC4639BFB64FC177231.text	03F587BBFF87FFC4639BFB64FC177231.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Danielatettix caudatus (Saussure 1861) Cadena-Castañeda & Gonzalez & Rodríguez & Rodríguez 2021	<div><p>Danielatettix caudatus (Saussure, 1861) n. comb.</p> <p>(Figures 6‒8)</p> <p>Type specimens. Lectotype. Male. Guy. (“ Guyana ”) “103” (here designated). Paralectotypes. Two females. Cayenne (here designated).</p> <p>For the original description of D. caudatus n. comb. the number of male and female syntypes used by Saussure (1861) is not specified. However, Hollier (2013) mentions that in the Geneva collection (MHNG), a male and two females are deposited that could be considered syntypes. Therefore, the male from Guyana is proposed as a lectotype and the two Cayenne females as paralectotypes; these three specimens are adjusted in the brief description of the species.</p> <p>Color variation. The color variations in this species are not regional; there are individuals with variation in the same locality, found in grayish tones, ranging from yellow to dark brown. 1) They are usually light or dark greyish, with absent or present post-humeral spots at different stages of development, from a small triangle on each side to cover almost the entire area of the pronotal disc at the level of the meso- and metathorax (Fig. 6B). 2) Another color is the predominant yellow throughout the body, allowing them to go unnoticed in the sand. Also, as in the previous case, post-humeral spots may lack or present in different development (Fig.7A). 3) Another color variation is a dark brown color, uniform in most of the body, with one or more grayish spots on the extremities of the body (Fig. 7B). 4) Related to the line of individuals with dark tones, greenish-brown specimens were studied with a prominent whitish band that goes from the humeral notch and covers the pronotal disc at the level of the mesothorax (Fig. 7C). 5) The last color variation observed is greenish-brown or grayish-brown, with a “Y” shaped stripe that runs through each stripe from the level of the mesothorax, to converge at the level of the metathorax and extend to the apex of the pronotal disc; post-humeral spots may or may not be observed under the stripe (Fig. 7D).</p> <p>The five previously described color forms were collected in a locality in the Colombian Amazon, in the department of Caqueta. However, these forms have been seen through INaturalist records in other locations in South America.</p> <p>Specimen examined. 1 male. Colombia, Guaviare, San José del Guaviare, Vda. Playa Guio, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.64583&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=2.5704167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.64583/lat 2.5704167)">Puerto Amor Reserve</a>, 2°34’13.5’’N, 72°38’45’’W. 154 m. 9 march 2018. C. Castellanos. 4 males and 1 female. Colombia, Caqueta, Florencia, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.67472&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.5091667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.67472/lat 1.5091667)">Vda. La</a> viciosa, CIMAZ, 1°30’33’’N, 75°40’29’’W. 233m. 22 september 2017. D. Mayorga (CAUD).</p> <p>Measurements (in mm) male/female. CFP: 11-15 / 14-16. PL: 10-14 / 12-15. PLB: 1-1.3 / 1-1.5. FF: 1-1.5 / 1.2-1.5. FL: 1.5-2 / 1.5-2.2. MFL: 2-2.5 / 2.4-3. MTL: 2.4-2.8 / 3-3.5. HL: 4.5-6.5 / 5-6.5. HW: 1.5 / 1.5-1.8. HL: 4.8-7 / 5-7.2.</p> <p>Comments: This species is widely distributed in South America, with records to the north of the subcontinent such as Colombia, Venezuela, and Guyana, to the south in Paraguay and Argentina, showing a distributional gap (Map 1). Reviewing specimens of other Neotropical Tetrigidae species, we find that the following species are considered synonymous under D. caudatus n. comb.: Paratettix attenuata (Walker, 1871) n. syn. (Santarem, Para, Brazil), P. hastata (Walker, 1871) n. syn. (Guyana, Demerara) and P. ignobilis (Walker, 1871) n. syn. (Unknown locality). These new synonyms fit in the morphological characteristics described for the genus and the only known species, only with chromatic variations that were previously mentioned in this contribution. Furthermore, the new synonyms partially fill the distributional gap that exists so far (Map 1).</p> <p>P. attenuata n. syn. in its original description, it is mentioned that the type specimen is a female. When reviewing the current specimen deposited in London (BMNH), it is a male, which fits the original description provided by Walker (1871). The author may have been confused, and wrote in his description that it was a female when it is a male. However, we make the synonymy effective, since the only specimen fits the characteristics of D. caudatus n. comb.</p> <p>As for P. hastata n. syn. and P. ignobilis n. syn., are synonymised under D. caudatus n. comb., since, the type specimens have the same structure of the frontal costa, curvature of the anterior region of the pronotal disc, shape of the fore and middle femora, in addition to the shape and location of the ocelli and eyes, which differentiates Danielatettix n. gen., from other similar genera such as Stenodorsus and that distinguishes D. caudatus n. comb. (see the comparison section).</p> <p>The lectotype and paralectotype specimens of D. caudatus n. comb. from Guyana and French Guyana, in addition to a female from Paraguay (deposited in Vienna (NMW)) (see photos in the Orthoptera Species File), fit the color form 3. P. attenuata n. syn., P. hastata n. syn. and P. ignobilis n. syn. they belong to the color form 1, they maintain their coloring pattern, although the intensity of the color varies.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F587BBFF87FFC4639BFB64FC177231	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J.;Gonzalez, Gloria Raquel Dávila;Rodríguez, Martha Carolina Vásquez;Rodríguez, Diana Marcela Trujillo	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Gonzalez, Gloria Raquel Dávila, Rodríguez, Martha Carolina Vásquez, Rodríguez, Diana Marcela Trujillo (2021): The status of Micronotus Hancock, 1902 species (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae). Zootaxa 5082 (2): 129-144, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5082.2.3
