identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
BAF0240A95835E18B03828AD3D315F33.text	BAF0240A95835E18B03828AD3D315F33.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Inosperma hainanense Y. G. Fan, L. S. Deng, W. J. Yu & N. K. Zeng 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Inosperma hainanense Y.G. Fan, L.S. Deng, W.J. Yu &amp; N.K. Zeng sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figures 4, 5</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p>" hainanense " refers to the its type locality.</p>
            <p> Holotype. China, Hainan Province, Changjiang Li Autonomous County, Bawangling substation of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park, under  Castanopsis dominated forest, at 19°7'12.43"N, 109°7'6.29"E, alt. 630 m, 2 September, 2020, N.K. Zeng, Zeng4937 (FHMU3166), GenBank accession number: ITS (MZ374070); LSU (MZ374761) and rpb2 (MZ388104). </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p> Distinguishes from  I. muscarium by its slender basidiomata, ellipsoid to ovoid basidiospores, and mostly vesiculose cheilocystidia. </p>
            <p>Basidiomata.</p>
            <p> small to medium-sized. Pileus 25-53 mm diam., conical to convex at young age, becoming applanate to uplifted with age, with a broad to subacute umbo, margin initially decurved, straight to somewhat wavy when mature; surface dry, smooth when young, fibrillose-rimulose elsewhere, strongly rimose towards the margin with age; chocolate brown (5D8) to somewhat dark brown (5F7) around the disc, straw yellow (4A6) to yellowish brown (4B5) elsewhere, background pallid to cream white (4B1), becoming brown (5B4) to dark brown (5C6) with age; Lamellae rather crowded, adnexed, initially ivory white (5A1) to grayish white (5B2), becoming dirty yellowish (5B5) to brownish (5C7) when matured, completely brown (5D6) after drying, 2-3 mm in width, edge fimbriate, slightly serrate. Stipe 40-72  × 3-5 mm, central, nearly terete, equal with a slightly swollen apex, base somewhat swollen; nearly smooth and longitudinally striate all over the stipe; initially ivory (5A1) to yellowish white (5A2) at the upper half, yellowish to brownish (4B5) downwards, becoming uniformly yellowish brown (4B7) to brown (4C7) with age. Context solid, fleshy in pileus, white to grayish white (4B1), pale brown under the umbo (4B2), 1-2 mm thick at mid-radius, 4-5 mm thick under the umbo, fibrillose in stipe, pallid to yellowish (4A2) or brownish (4B2), striate, shiny. Odor indistinct or slightly acid. </p>
            <p>Basidiospores.</p>
            <p> [180/9/9] 8-9(10.5)  × 5-7  μm , Q = (1.18)1.28-1.64 (1.78), Qm = 1.43, mostly ellipsoid to ovoid, occasionally subphaseoliform, smooth, slightly thick-walled, brown to yellowish brown, apiculus small, indistinct, with a spherical to ellipsoid yellowish brown oil-droplet. Basidia 21-28  × 6-9  μm , clavate, often obtuse at apex, slightly tapered towards the base, thin-walled, 4-spored, sometimes 2-spored, sterigmata 4-6  μm in length, with spherical yellowish brown to golden yellow brown oily inclusions. Pleurocystidia absent. Lamella edge sterile. Cheilocystidia 34-55  × 15-25  μm , abundant and crowded, mostly obovoid to balloon-shaped, occasionally broadly clavate, rarely enlongate-clavate, thin- to slightly thick-walled (up to 1  μm thick); often rounded or slightly obtuse at apex, colorless to pale yellow, sometimes with golden yellow pigments. Hymenophoral trama 75-138  μm thick, sub-regular, hyaline to slightly yellow, composed of cylindric to inflated hyphae 20-33  μm wide, slightly constricted at septa. Pileipellis a cutis, hyphae 2.5-10  μm wide, thin-walled, pale yellow to yellowish brown, cylindrical, sometimes slightly encrusted. Pileal trama regular to subregular, hyphae 12-30  μm wide, thin-walled, colorless. Stipitipellis a cutis, regularly arranged, walls yellowish to bright yellow. Oleiferous hyphae 2.5-10  μm wide, commonly scattered in pileus and stipe tramal tissues, straw yellow or bright golden yellow, smooth, often bent or diverticulate. Clamp connections observed in all tissues. </p>
            <p>Habitat.</p>
            <p> Scattered or gregarious in small clusters under  Castanopsis dominated forest, June to September in tropical China. </p>
            <p>Known distribution.</p>
            <p>China (Hainan, Guangdong).</p>
            <p>Additional materials examined.</p>
            <p>  China. Hainan Province, Wuzhishan City,  Maoyang Town ,  Maoyang Village , 11 August 2021, Y.G. Fan &amp; L.S. Deng, FYG6440 (FHMU6513);  Ganshiling Provincial Nature Reserve , L.S. Deng &amp; Y.G. Fan, DLS0043 (FHMU6512); Changjiang Li Autonomous County, Bawangling substation of   Hainan  Tropical Rainforest National Park , under  Castanopsis dominated forest, 2 September 2020, N.K. Zeng, Zeng 4936 (FHMU3165); Zeng 4935 (FHMU3167)  ;   Guangdong Province, Guangzhou City,  Tianluhu Forest Park, 2 June 2019, Y.G. Fan &amp; W.J. Yu, FYG4386 (FHMU3168); Shaoguan City,  Danxiashan Nature Reserve , 4 June 2019, Y.G. Fan &amp; W.J. Yu, FYG4388 (FHMU3175); 4390 (FHMU3169); FYG4394 (FHMU3170)  . </p>
            <p>Muscarine detection</p>
            <p> Representative chromatograms of muscarine were shown in Fig. 8. The muscarine toxin content was confirmed by linear equation according to the analysis of UPLC-MS/MS, it was found that both of the two new species contained muscarine toxin, and the content of  Inosperma muscarium was 16.03  ± 1.23 g/kg while  I. hainanense was 11.87  ± 3.02 g/kg. Muscarine was identified by comparing retention time (1.22 min) and relative deviation (0.82%) in the allowable relative range of 25 % base on the qualitative analysis. The calibration curve for muscarine generated during the validation was y = 2083.17 x -209.297 (r = 0.9988) for muscarine concentration in the range of 2-200 ng/mL (y represents the peak area, and x is muscarine concentration, r is correlation coefficient). Recovery of muscarine ranged from 93.45% to 97.25%, and the average recovery was 95.56%. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BAF0240A95835E18B03828AD3D315F33	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Deng, Lun-Sha;Kang, Rui;Zeng, Nian-Kai;Yu, Wen-Jie;Chang, Cheng;Xu, Fei;Deng, Wang-Qiu;Qi, Liang-Liang;Zhou, Yu-Ling;Fan, Yu-Guang	Deng, Lun-Sha, Kang, Rui, Zeng, Nian-Kai, Yu, Wen-Jie, Chang, Cheng, Xu, Fei, Deng, Wang-Qiu, Qi, Liang-Liang, Zhou, Yu-Ling, Fan, Yu-Guang (2021): Two new Inosperma (Inocybaceae) species with unexpected muscarine contents from tropical China. MycoKeys 85: 87-108, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.85.71957, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.85.71957
0B93007198005B82887266B1A6353BA0.text	0B93007198005B82887266B1A6353BA0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Inosperma muscarium Y. G. Fan, L. S. Deng, W. J. Yu & N. K. Zeng 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Inosperma muscarium Y.G. Fan, L.S. Deng, W.J. Yu &amp; N.K. Zeng sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figures 2, 3</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p>" muscarium " refers to its high content of muscarine.</p>
            <p> Holotype. China, Hainan Province, Ledong Li Autonomous County, Yinggeling substation of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park, under  Castanopsis forest, at 19°1'20"N, 109°23'33"E, alt. 550 m, 26 April 2021, FYG6091 (FHMU3162), GenBank accession number: ITS (MZ373982); LSU (MZ373991) and rpb2 (MZ388093). </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p> Basidiomata small to medium-sized. Pileus rimulose to rimose with an indistinct umbo, lamellae rather crowded. Basidiospores smooth, enlongate ellipsoid to ellipsoid. Cheilocystidia clavate. Under  Castanopsis forest. Differs from  I. hainanense by its more robust habit, elongate basidiospores, and narrower cheilocystidia. </p>
            <p>Basidiomata.</p>
            <p> small to medium-sized. Pileus 25-60 mm diam., conical convex to convex when young, becoming broadly convex to plano-convex with a small indistinct umbo when mature, margin slightly incurved when young, becoming somewhat reflexed with age. Surface dry, smooth with distinct ivory white (5A1) veil layer around the disc when young, then appressed with indistinct veil remnants, fibrillose-rimulose elsewhere, margin usually strongly rimose with age; yellowish brown (5D8) to chocolate brown (5E8) around the center and on the fibrils, yellowish brown (5C6) elsewhere, yellowish brown (6C6) to slightly dark brown (6E7) all over the basidiomata when overmatured. Lamellae rather crowded, adnexed, initially pure white to pale off-white (4B1), becoming grayish white (5B1) to yellowish white (4A2), dirty yellow (4A3) to yellowish brown (5B4) when overmatured, 1.5-3 mm wide, edge fimbriate, faint serrate to somewhat wavy. Stipe 35-72  × 3-8 mm, central, solid, terete, equal with a slightly swollen apex and base; with sparse fibrils at apex, longitudinally fibrillose downwards the stipe, with white tomentose hyphae at the base; initially white (5A1) to cream white(3A2), yellowish (4A3) or brownish (5A3) with age, brown (5B6) to dark brown (5C5) when old. Context solid, fleshy in pileus, 0.5-1 mm thick at mid-radius, 1.5-4.5 mm under the umbo, white to ivory white (5A1) at first, becoming brownish white (5B2); fibrillose and striate in the stipe, white to yellowish (4A2) or flesh color (4B3). Odor fungoid, slightly grassy or mild. </p>
            <p>Basidiospores.</p>
            <p> [180/9/9] 8-10(11)  × 5-6 (6.5)  μm , Q = (1.15)1.42-1.86(2.00), Qm=1.63, mostly ellipsoid to enlongate ellipsoid, occasionally sub-phaseoliform, smooth, thick-walled, yellowish, apiculus small, indistinct, with a spherical to ellipsoid yellowish brown oil-droplet inside. Basidia 17-24  × 7-9  μm , clavate to broadly clavate, obtuse at apex, slightly tapering towards the base, 4-spored, sterigmata 2-4  μm in length, thin-walled, hyaline or pale yellow, with oily drops in various sizes with age. Pleurocystidia none. Lamella edge sterile. Cheilocystidia 36-50  × 9-14  μm , abundant and crowded, mostly clavate, broadly clavate to enlongate-clavate, rarely balloon-shaped, apices rounded to obtuse, or occasionally subcapitate, thin- to slightly thick-walled, septate, often constricted at septa, colorless to yellowish, sometimes with golden yellow inclusions. Hymenophoral trama 75-108  μm thick, sub-regular, colorless to yellowish, composed of thin-walled, smooth, cylindric to mostly inflated, hyphae 12-25  μm wide, somewhat constricted at the both ends of per hyphae. Pileipellis a cutis, sub-regular, composed of thin-walled, brown to yellowish brown, cylindrical, slightly encrusted hyphae 4-10  μm wide. Pileal trama colorless, regular to subregular, hyphae 12-25  μm wide. Stipitipellis a cutis, regularly arranged, occasionally with small clusters of terminal cheilocystidoid cells at the stipe apex, cheilocystidoid cells 31-47  × 9-10  μm , rare, clavate to enlongate clavate, hyaline or pale yellow, thin- to slightly thick-walled, some with golden yellow inclusions. Caulocystidia not observed. Oleiferous hyphae 4-13  μm wide, scattered in pileus and stipe tramal tissue, yellow or bright golden yellow, smooth, often bent, sometimes diverticulate. Clamp connections present, common in all tissues. </p>
            <p>Habitat.</p>
            <p> Gregarious in clusters, usually scattered with numerous clusters under  Castanopsis forest, late March to August in tropical China. </p>
            <p>Known distribution.</p>
            <p>China (Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi), Thailand.</p>
            <p>Additional materials examined.</p>
            <p>
                 China. Hainan Province, Ledong Li Autonomous County, Yinggeling substation of  Hainan  Tropical Rainforest National Forest Park, under  Castanopsis forest, 13 August 2020, N.K. Zeng, Zeng4720 (FHMU3158); Same location, under  Castanopsis forest, 14 August 2020, N.K. Zeng Zeng 4736 (FHMU3159); Zeng4737 (FHMU3160), Same location, 26 April 2021, Y.G. Fan, L.S. Deng &amp; Q.Q. Chen, FYG6092 (FHMU3163); FYG6093 (FHMU3164); FYG6094 (FHMU3173)  ;   Guangdong Province, Yangchun City, Gangmei Town,  Lunshui Village , under  Castanopsis forest, 29 March 2019, W.Y. Huang, GDGM76077  ;   Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region: Wuzhou City,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 111.48499/lat 23.674444)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=111.48499&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=23.674444">Cangwu Country</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 111.48499/lat 23.674444)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=111.48499&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=23.674444">Wangfu Town</a>
                 , 23°40'28"N, 111°29'6"E, alt. 30 m, Under  Castanopsis dominated forest, 29 May 2021, L.L. Qi, WSW10286, (FHMU3174)  . 
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0B93007198005B82887266B1A6353BA0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Deng, Lun-Sha;Kang, Rui;Zeng, Nian-Kai;Yu, Wen-Jie;Chang, Cheng;Xu, Fei;Deng, Wang-Qiu;Qi, Liang-Liang;Zhou, Yu-Ling;Fan, Yu-Guang	Deng, Lun-Sha, Kang, Rui, Zeng, Nian-Kai, Yu, Wen-Jie, Chang, Cheng, Xu, Fei, Deng, Wang-Qiu, Qi, Liang-Liang, Zhou, Yu-Ling, Fan, Yu-Guang (2021): Two new Inosperma (Inocybaceae) species with unexpected muscarine contents from tropical China. MycoKeys 85: 87-108, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.85.71957, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.85.71957
