taxonID	type	description	language	source
03F3EA527A390A652ABA799099A2FBBF.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Sakhalinoctonus alexrasnitsyni Davidian, sp. nov.	en	Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2021): A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the Eocene Sakhalinian amber. Palaeoentomology 4 (6): 537-543, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.6.3
03F3EA527A390A652ABA799099A2FBBF.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The new genus name is composed from Sakhalin, name of island where the studied amber was collected, and part of the aphidiine genus name “ Monoctonus ”. The gender is masculine.	en	Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2021): A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the Eocene Sakhalinian amber. Palaeoentomology 4 (6): 537-543, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.6.3
03F3EA527A390A652ABA799099A2FBBF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Mandible bidentate; maxillary palpus 4 - segmented. Antenna (Fig. 2) 12 - segmented, filiform, densely pubescent. Mesoscutum (Figs 1, 2) probably with complete notauli. Propodeum with large median areola delineated by prominent carinae. In forewing (Fig. 3 A, B), pterostigma narrowly triangular; metacarpus (1 - R 1) relatively hardly perceivable, not reaching wing apex. Radial (r, 3 - SR, SR 1), medial (1 - SR + M, 2 - M, 3 - M) and parallel (CU 1 a) veins of forewing long and almost reaching distal margin of wing. First and second radiomedial (submarginal) cells fused together with discoidal (discal) cell and formed united large medial cell. Second transverse anal vein (a) present, but very fine. Hind wing without closed cells. Legs (Figs 1, 2) long; hind leg about as long as body, covered by dense and semi-erect setae (as those on body). Petiole of metasoma (Figs 1, 2) long, slightly widened towards apex, about 4.0 times as long as its width medially. Ovipositor weakly curved down, wide basally, acuminate towards apex and with subapical dorsal notch. Ovipositor sheath (Fig. 3 C) relatively long, about 6.0 times longer than maximum width, gradually tapered from base towards apex and very narrowly rounded at apex, weakly curved downward, covered by mainly long setae.	en	Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2021): A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the Eocene Sakhalinian amber. Palaeoentomology 4 (6): 537-543, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.6.3
03F3EA527A390A652ABA799099A2FBBF.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Sakhalinoctonus gen. nov. is the most similar to the fossil genera Protacanthoides Mackauer, 1961 (type species: Trioxys obscuriformis Quilis, 1940 = Trioxys fossilis Mackauer, 1959) and Promonoctonia Starý, 1973 (type species: Aphidius quievreuxi Quilis, 1940) by the small number of antennal segments, presence of the closed medial cell in the forewing, and downward curved and taped apically ovipositor sheaths. Protacanthoides and Promonoctonia are characterised by a 13 - segmented thick antenna, third abscissa of radial vein (SR 1) of forewing rather short and not reaching distal margin of wing, second (3 - SR) and third (SR 1) abscissae of radial vein subequal in the length, and the ovipositor sheath curved downward. In addition, Protacanthoides fossilis has metasomal petiole subtriangle with approximately equal its length and maximum width, which is smooth and without protruding spiracular tubercles; ovipositor sheath rather short, evenly curved downward and tapered towards its apex, acuminate apically, about 0.15 times as long as metasoma. Unfortunately, the information about the condition of notauli, propodeum and pubescence of the ovipositor sheath was not visible in this specimen. On the other hand, Promonoctonia quievreuxi is also characterised by the following additional features: notauli missing; propodeum smooth and without delineated areola; metasomal petiole very short and wide; ovipositor sheaths claw-shaped, with long and wide its basal part and short and narrow apical part, approximately 3.0 times longer than its maximum width and 0.15 times as long as metasoma. The differences between Sakhalinoctonus gen. nov. and similar fossil genera are shown in the key below.	en	Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2021): A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the Eocene Sakhalinian amber. Palaeoentomology 4 (6): 537-543, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.6.3
03F3EA527A390A652ABA799099A2FBBF.taxon	description	Key to fossil aphidiine genera with curved down ovipositor sheaths	en	Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2021): A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the Eocene Sakhalinian amber. Palaeoentomology 4 (6): 537-543, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.6.3
03F3EA527A390A652ABA799099A2FBBF.taxon	description	Key to fossil Sakhalinoctonus gen. nov. and the most similar extant genera	en	Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2021): A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the Eocene Sakhalinian amber. Palaeoentomology 4 (6): 537-543, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.6.3
03F3EA527A3C0A642ABA7BAF9FEBFDD6.taxon	description	(Figs 1 – 3)	en	Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2021): A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the Eocene Sakhalinian amber. Palaeoentomology 4 (6): 537-543, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.6.3
03F3EA527A3C0A642ABA7BAF9FEBFDD6.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: female, PIN 3387 / 104. Russia, Sakhalin Island, Dolinsk District, Starodubskoye (PIN).	en	Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2021): A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the Eocene Sakhalinian amber. Palaeoentomology 4 (6): 537-543, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.6.3
03F3EA527A3C0A642ABA7BAF9FEBFDD6.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This new species is named in honour of Professor Alexander Pavlovich Rasnitsyn, the prominent Russian hymenopterist and palaeontologist, dedicated in celebration of his 85 th birthday.	en	Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2021): A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the Eocene Sakhalinian amber. Palaeoentomology 4 (6): 537-543, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.6.3
03F3EA527A3C0A642ABA7BAF9FEBFDD6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. As stated above, for the new genus.	en	Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2021): A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the Eocene Sakhalinian amber. Palaeoentomology 4 (6): 537-543, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.6.3
03F3EA527A3C0A642ABA7BAF9FEBFDD6.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality and horizon. Sakhalin Island, on the beach of Terpeniya Bay, Starodubskoe, Russia. Sakhalinian amber from the Middle Eocene (43 – 47 Ma).	en	Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2021): A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the Eocene Sakhalinian amber. Palaeoentomology 4 (6): 537-543, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.6.3
03F3EA527A3C0A642ABA7BAF9FEBFDD6.taxon	description	Description. Female. Body length 1.4 mm, antenna length 0.9 mm. Head. Head capsule artificially strongly depressed dorso-ventrally; eyes more or less flattened, with long setae. Scape of antenna short and wide, its length almost equal to maximum apical width. Pedicel rather short and wide, 0.75 times as long as maximum width, as wide as scape. Flagellum entirely with dense and semi-erect setae, length of setae larger than segment width. F 1 4.5 times longer than its median width and 1.1 times longer than F 2; F 2 almost 4.0 times longer than its median width. Remaining segments weakly gradually shortened towards apex and only weakly shorter than F 2. Wings. Pterostigma triangular, about 3.5 times longer than its maximum width. Metacarpus (1 - R 1) about 1.5 times longer than pterostigma. Radial (R, 3 - SR, SR 1), medial (1 - SR + M, 4 - M) and parallel (CU 1 a) veins of forewing almost reaching distal margin of wing. Legs. Femora and tibia of fore and middle legs about 10.0 times longer than their maximum width. Hind femur 13.0 times longer than its medial width; hind tibia 15.0 times longer than its maximum width. Basitarsi of fore and middle tarsi about twice longer than their second segments. Basitarsus of hind leg 3.0 times longer than its second segment. All legs with dense and semi-erect long setae. Metasoma. Petiole long, twice wider apically than basally (lateral view), about 4.0 times longer than its width in middle (subdorsal view). Ovipositor sheaths rather long, weakly curved downward, gradually tapered from base to apex, narrowly rounded at apex, covered predominantly by long setae; sheath almost 6.0 times longer than its maximum width, approximately 0.4 times as long as metasoma (measured from base of petiole to base of ovipositor sheaths). Ventral (inner) margin of sheath with eight – ten long setae, which are gradually shortened to apex of sheath. Pubescence. Head with antenna, body and legs almost entirely covered by long and dense setae. Colour. Body mostly dark brown, palps, four basal segments of antenna, legs, ovipositor and its sheaths yellowish brown.	en	Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R., Belokobylskij, Sergey A. (2021): A new genus and species of the aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the Eocene Sakhalinian amber. Palaeoentomology 4 (6): 537-543, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.6.3
