identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03D987F5FFA9FFDDFEB6F9BDFA24F973.text	03D987F5FFA9FFDDFEB6F9BDFA24F973.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prasophyllum (VicFlora 2021)	<div><p>Proposed modified VicFlora Key to Prasophyllum identification.</p> <p>1 Ovary attenuate, cylindric to narrow obovoid, appressed to rachis...................................................................................................2</p> <p>- Ovary obovoid to pyriform, not appressed to rachis..........................................................................................................................4</p> <p>2 Labellum bent at an angle greater than 90 deg., basal portion pouched, callus ending in two protruding knuckles.................................................................................................................................................................................................... Prasophyllum australe</p> <p>- Labellum bent at an angle less than 90 deg., basal portion not pouched, callus not ending in protruding knuckles.........................3</p> <p>3 Leaf-blade more than 3 cm long; labellum margins voluminous, not incurved; tubers ovoid.......................... Prasophyllum elatum</p> <p>- Leaf-blade less than 3 cm long; labellum margins narrow, incurved; tubers rhizomatous............................... Prasophyllum flavum</p> <p>4 Labellum lamina and/or callus papillate or pubescent.......................................................................................................................6</p> <p>- Labellum lamina and callus not papillate or pubescent....................................................................................................................10</p> <p>5 Labellum with a sigmoid bend when viewed from the side..................................................................... Prasophyllum lindleyanum</p> <p>- Labellum bent once at about 90 deg. near the middle........................................................................................................................6</p> <p>6 Ovaries tumid, roundish at anthesis............................................................................................................... Prasophyllum occultans</p> <p>- Ovaries not tumid, narrow ellipsoidal at anthesis..............................................................................................................................7</p> <p>7 Perianth segments usually not widely opening, at least petals remaining forwards-directed; labellum lamina pink (sometimes fading to white with age) with a green callus.................................................................................................... Prasophyllum roseum</p> <p>- Perianth segments spreading; labellum lamina whitish with a brownish callus, or labellum (and usually other segments) deep pink to purple and shining..........................................................................................................................................................................8</p> <p>8 Labellum lamina and usually other floral segments, deep pink to purplish, distinctly glossy; callus of similar colour but darker.............................................................................................................................................................................. Prasophyllum nitidum</p> <p>- Labellum lamina pale green or whitish with a brownish callus, neither it nor other segments distinctly glossy..............................9</p> <p>9 Lateral sepals more or less parallel, narrow and not flared at the base; labellum &lt;3 mm wide, recurved near midde then the tip recurved beyond vertical; known only from Stawell area................................................................................ Prasophyllum stygium</p> <p>- Lateral sepals spreading, broad and flared widely at the base; labellum&gt; 3 mm wide, recurved near middle and the tip remaining about vertical; known only from Edenhope area......................................................................................... Prasophyllum spadiceum</p> <p>10 Labellum callus hardly raised, lamina prominently crisped and undulate toward margin, usually white, translucent....................11</p> <p>- Labellum callus distinctly raised, lamina not prominently crisped, variously coloured, not translucent........................................18</p> <p>11 Lateral sepals joined for at least part of their length........................................................................................................................12</p> <p>- Lateral sepals free to base.................................................................................................................................................................13</p> <p>12 Labellum reflexed back on itself; not alpine................................................................................................ Prasophyllum brevilabre</p> <p>- Labellum reflexed at about 90 deg; alpine....................................................................................................... Prasophyllum suttonii</p> <p>13 Flowering stem to 80 cm high; lowland heaths.............................................................................................. Prasophyllum spicatum</p> <p>- Flowering stem usually &lt;50 cm tall; various habitats......................................................................................................................14</p> <p>14 Petals lavender; labellum pink; lateral sepals gibbous at base; Bayswater to Heathmont east of Melbourne where probably extinct................................................................................................................................................... Prasophyllum colemaniarum</p> <p>- Combination of flower features not as above; widespread and variable..........................................................................................15</p> <p>15 Ovaries short, pyriform; labellum narrow, reflexed at more than right angles near middle; alps and subalps only...................................................................................................................................................................................................... Prasophyllum suttonii</p> <p>- Ovaries somewhat elongate, obovoid; if labellum ever reflexed beyond right-angles, habitat not alpine.......................................16</p> <p>16 Sepals to 10 mm long; labellum 6–10 mm long; widespread species from a range of habitats.......................................................17</p> <p>- Sepals 10–12 mm long; labellum 12–15 mm long; known only from grassland in north-central Victoria and Callitris woodlands of the north-west.................................................................................................................................................... Prasophyllum beatrix</p> <p>17 Lateral sepals diverging; habitat various but not from deep sands in north-western Victoria...................... Prasophyllum odoratum</p> <p>- Lateral sepals parallel or nearly so; known with certainty only from deep sand mallee-heath in north-western Victoria.............................................................................................................................................................................................. Prasophyllum rousei</p> <p>18 Labellum callus most prominent near the labellum bend, not extending to labellum apex; perianth segments generally short and broad; lateral sepals usually free......................................................................................................................................................19</p> <p>- Labellum callus most prominent beyond the labellum bend, extending almost to labellum apex; perianth segments slender; lateral sepals often joined at least near base................................................................................................................................................28</p> <p>19 Labellum with a tail-like caudiform apex.......................................................................................... Prasophyllum appendiculatum</p> <p>- Labellum with an apiculate to obtuse apex......................................................................................................................................20</p> <p>20 Perianth mostly incurved; labellum callus ending in a highly raised verrucose horse-shoe shaped structure............................................................................................................................................................................................................... Prasophyllum frenchii</p> <p>- Perianth spreading widely; labellum callus not as above.................................................................................................................21</p> <p>21 Labellum callus extending to, or just beyond, bend; labellum lamina extending well beyond end of callus..................................22</p> <p>- Labellum callus extending well beyond bend; labellum lamina not extending well beyond end of callus.....................................24</p> <p>22 Petals &lt;7.0 mm long; lateral sepals &lt;9.0 mm long; flowers December to January...................................... Prasophyllum uvidulum</p> <p>- Petals&gt; 7.5 mm long; lateral sepals&gt;9.0 mm long; flowers October to November.........................................................................23</p> <p>23 Callus ovate-oblong, broad and open; petals very broad, whitish, similar in colour to labellum lamina....... Prasophyllum anticum</p> <p>- Callus lanceolate, channelled; petals narrow, greenish, similar in colour to the lateral sepals.............................................................................................................................................................................................................. Prasophyllum sp. aff. diversiflorum 2</p> <p>24 Labellum margins crisped to undulate; petals broad, similar in colour to labellum lamina.............................................................25</p> <p>- Labellum margins entire to slightly irregular; petals narrow, similar in colour to the lateral sepals...............................................26</p> <p>25 Labellum laterally compressed near bend; petals whitish; moist grassland near water-courses............. Prasophyllum diversiflorum</p> <p>- Labellum not laterally compressed; petals reddish; coastal heath and scrub on sand...................................... Prasophyllum litorale</p> <p>26 Lateral sepals partially connate; alpine herbfields; flowers mostly January........................................... Prasophyllum niphopedium</p> <p>- Lateral sepals free to base; low altitude grasslands; flowers October to December........................................................................27</p> <p>27 Lateral sepals more or less parallel; labellum lamina usually white, not constricted; grasslands south of Ballarat........................................................................................................................................................................................................ Prasophyllum fosteri</p> <p>- Lateral sepals diverging; labellum lamina usually pink, often constricted just beyond the bend; grasslands near Warrnambool................................................................................................................................................................................ Prasophyllum viretrum</p> <p>28 Flowers opening widely with petals and sepals reflexed; labellum erect almost from base............................................................29</p> <p>- Flowers not opening widely; labellum only erect from the bend.....................................................................................................31</p> <p>29 Petals retroflexed, not upswept; lateral sepal &lt;7 m long................................................................................ Prasophyllum morganii</p> <p>- Petals recurved, upswept; lateral sepals&gt; 6 mm long......................................................................................................................30</p> <p>30 Inflorescence of up to 20 flowers in an open inflorescence; stigmatic plate much longer than column wings; grasslands near Bairnsdale..................................................................................................................................................... Prasophyllum correctum</p> <p>- Inflorescence of up to 50 flowers in a crowded inflorescence; stigmatic plate of similar length to column wings; grasslands near Mortlake........................................................................................................................................... Prasophyllum sp. aff. correctum</p> <p>31 Labellum with a broad white lamina; petals with extensive white colouration at distal end; grasslands near Wangaratta.................................................................................................................................................................................... Prasophyllum argillaceum</p> <p>- Labellum and petals not as above; widespread................................................................................................................................32</p> <p>32 Plants from higher altitude grasslands, herbfields and swampy heaths often on peaty soils...........................................................33</p> <p>- Plants from lower altitude sites, or if in montane areas then in dry woodlands on shallow soils....................................................34</p> <p>33 Sepals to 6.5 mm long; labellum sessile................................................................................................. Prasophyllum tadgellianum</p> <p>- Sepals&gt; 6.5 mm long; labellum on a short stalk...................................................................................... Prasophyllum sphacelatum</p> <p>34 Plants from well-drained shallow or dry sandy soils........................................................................................................................35</p> <p>- Plants from waterlogged or seasonally inundated heavy loams, silts, peats or peaty sand..............................................................45</p> <p>35 Flowers &lt;12 mm × 7 mm.................................................................................................................................................................36</p> <p>- Flowers&gt; 12 mm × 7 mm.................................................................................................................................................................39</p> <p>36 Labellum callus with a deep groove down centre for entire length; apex of lateral sepals often unequally bidentate.......................................................................................................................................................................................... Prasophyllum subbisectum</p> <p>- Labellum callus not deeply grooved for the greater part; apex of lateral sepals not or weakly bidentate.......................................37</p> <p>37 Lateral sepals connate at base; coastal heathlands east of French Island.................................................. Prasophyllum parviflorum</p> <p>- Lateral sepals mostly free; woodlands and heathy woodlands of western Victoria.........................................................................38</p> <p>38 Plants usually&gt; 16 cm tall; flowers&gt;10 per inflorescence; dry inland areas............................. Prasophyllum sp. aff. occidentale C - Plants usually &lt;16 cm tall; flowers &lt;10 per inflorescence; mesic near coastal areas......................... Prasophyllum aff. parviflorum</p> <p>39 Apex of lateral sepals usually strongly bidentate.............................................................................................................................40</p> <p>- Apex of lateral sepals not or only weakly bidentate.........................................................................................................................41</p> <p>40 Labellum margins entire or slightly irregular; lateral sepals&gt; 8 mm long..................................................... Prasophyllum barnettii</p> <p>- Labellum margins irregularly wavy to crinkled-crenulate; lateral sepals 6–7.5 mm long......................... Prasophyllum occidentale</p> <p>41 Distal margins of labellum irregularly crenulate.............................................................................. Prasophyllum sp. aff. montanum</p> <p>- Distal margins of labellum entire or slightly irregular.....................................................................................................................42</p> <p>42 Labellum callus wrinkled; perianth segments relatively broad, usually greenish brown; labellum lamina not pure white............43</p> <p>- Labellum callus not wrinkled; perianth segments relatively narrow, usually light greenish; labellum lamina white......................44</p> <p>43 Flowers &lt;20 mm long; labellum tapering gradually from below the middle to the apex, margins broad and often conspicuously veined; petals tapering from base to apex.................................................................................................... Prasophyllum pyriforme</p> <p>- Flowers often&gt; 20 mm long; labellum abruptly contracted near middle to a slender tail-like tip, margins not as above; petals not tapering from base to apex........................................................................................................................... Prasophyllum maccannii</p> <p>44 Flowers to 15 mm; plants of near coastal forests........................................................................................... Prasophyllum sylvestre</p> <p>- Flowers&gt; 15 mm; plants of inland open forests and woodlands.......................................................... Prasophyllum sp. aff. validum</p> <p>45 Distal labellum margins undulate to crenulate.................................................................................................................................46</p> <p>- Distal labellum margins entire, more or less flat to slightly irregular..............................................................................................47</p> <p>46 Flowers to 12 × 7 mm; distal labellum margins undulate to crenulate; known from Bulloke and Belah woodlands on wet loams and cracking clay; flowers September–October................................................................................................ Prasophyllum occidentale</p> <p>- Distal labellum margins undulate-crispate, voluminous; flowers usually bright pink and white; found in grassy redgum woodlands on heavy clay loam soils; flowers November–December........................................................................ Prasophyllum hygrophilum</p> <p>47 Flowers to 12 × 6 mm.......................................................................................................................................................................48</p> <p>- Flowers&gt;12 × 6 mm........................................................................................................................................................................51</p> <p>48 Labellum length to width ratio&gt;2; labellum lamina &lt;0.3 mm wide................................................................................................49</p> <p>- Labellum length to width ratio &lt;2; labellum lamina&gt; 0.4 mm wide................................................................................................50</p> <p>49 Lateral sepals 2–3 mm long; labellum protruding forward and strongly reflexed in distal third; southern Victorian basalt plains grassland; flowers October–November....................................................................................................... Prasophyllum suaveolens</p> <p>- Lateral sepals 5–7 mm long; labellum erect and only slightly reflexed in distal third; northern Victorian grasslands on winter-wet heavy clays; flowers August–September.......................................................................................... Prasophyllum aff. occidentale D</p> <p>50 Labellum reflexed at &lt;90 deg. in distal half; lateral sepals not bidentate at apex; plants not clumping; River Red Gum woodlands on water-retentive clay; flowers October to November..................................................................... Prasophyllum erythrocommum</p> <p>- Labellum reflexed at&gt;90 deg. in distal half; lateral sepals often bidentate at apex; plants often clumping; southern Victorian basalt plains grassland; flowers September to October......................................................................... Prasophyllum sp. aff. occidentale E</p> <p>51 Lateral sepals contracting abruptly; River Red Gum woodlands on water-retentive clay; northeast Victoria; flowers October– November............................................................................................................................................................ Prasophyllum gilgai</p> <p>- Lateral sepals tapering evenly from base to apex; habitat not as above...........................................................................................52</p> <p>52 Lateral sepals with acute to shortly acuminate, widely diverging apices; flowers to 9 mm across; petals to 8.5 mm long; swampy habitats; western Victoria; flowers December to January................................................................................... Prasophyllum readii</p> <p>- Lateral sepals with long-acuminate, not widely diverging apices; flowers 9 mm across or more; petals 9 mm long or more; dryer habitats; eastern Victoria; flowers October to November.................................................................... Prasophyllum chasmogamum</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D987F5FFA9FFDDFEB6F9BDFA24F973	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ayre, Bronwyn M.;Hayashi, Tobias;Phillips, Ryan D.;Reiter, Noushka	Ayre, Bronwyn M., Hayashi, Tobias, Phillips, Ryan D., Reiter, Noushka (2021): The Kiandra leek orchid is the previously presumed extinct mignonette leek orchid (Orchidaceae; Orchidoideae): evidence from morphological comparisons. Phytotaxa 528 (2): 71-83, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.528.2.1
