identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
4633878EFFA2B0444B83F8BF63366596.text	4633878EFFA2B0444B83F8BF63366596.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marenzelleria Mesnil 1896	<div><p>Marenzelleria Mesnil, 1896</p> <p>Marenzelleria Mesnil, 1896: 120. Augener 1913: 264−267. Fauchald 1977: 24. Maciolek 1984: 48. Sikorski &amp; Buzhinskaya 1998: 1111−1112. Sikorski &amp; Bick 2004: 255. Blank &amp; Bastrop 2009: 311−318. Blake et al. 2020: 50.</p> <p>Type species. Marenzelleria wireni Augener, 1913: 265.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4633878EFFA2B0444B83F8BF63366596	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Radashevsky, Vasily I.;Pankova, Victoria V.;Malyar, Vasily V.;Cerca, José;Struck, Torsten H.	Radashevsky, Vasily I., Pankova, Victoria V., Malyar, Vasily V., Cerca, José, Struck, Torsten H. (2021): A review of the worldwide distribution of Marenzelleria viridis, with new records for M. viridis, M. neglecta and Marenzelleria sp. (Annelida: Spionidae). Zootaxa 5081 (3): 353-372, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5081.3.3
4633878EFFA1B0474B83FBA063EB6564.text	4633878EFFA1B0474B83FBA063EB6564.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marenzelleria arctia (Chamberlin 1920)	<div><p>Marenzelleria arctia (Chamberlin, 1920)</p> <p>(Figs 1 &amp; 2)</p> <p>Scolecolepides arctius Chamberlin, 1920: 17–18, pl. III, figs 5–7, pl. IV, fig. 1.</p> <p>Marenzelleria arctia: Sikorski &amp; Buzhinskaya 1998: 1115−1118, figs 2, 3. Stolyarov 1994: 67. Burkovsky et al. 1995: 69. Burkovsky &amp; Stolyarov 1995: 36. Sikorski &amp; Buzhinskaya 1998 (Part.): 1115−1118, figs 2, 3. Sikorski 2001: 302−303, textfigs 1−6. Chertoprood et al. 2004: 904−906. Sikorski &amp; Bick 2004: 268−271, figs 2D, F, 3D, 6, 7A−I. Stolyarov &amp; Burkovsky 2004: 422. Bastrop &amp; Blank 2006: 1197–1199. Blank et al. 2008: 129–139. Blank &amp; Bastrop 2009: 313–318. Maximov 2010: 19–31; 2015: 300–310. Kocheshkova &amp; Ezhova 2018: 219–227.</p> <p>Laonice annenkovae Zachs, 1925: 3. Uschakov 1939: 82; 1950: 200; 1955: 265. Fide Sikorski &amp; Buzhinskaya 1998: 1115.</p> <p>Marenzelleria wireni: Annenkova 1932: 176. Vinogradov 1947: 131−132. Sikorski et al. 1988 (Part.): 835−837, fig. 4a−k. Fide Sikorski &amp; Bick 2004: 268. Not Augener 1913.</p> <p>Remarks. Sikorski &amp; Buzhinskaya (1998) transferred Scolecolepides arctius to the genus Marenzelleria and redescribed the species based on the type material (paratypes MCZ ANNb-2194, 2195). They also synonymized Laonice annenkovae Zachs, 1925, from Kola Bay (Barents Sea, Russia) with M. arctia and reported the latter species from the Barents, White, Kara, East Siberian and Bering seas of Russia. Bastrop &amp; Blank (2006) for the first time reported M. arctia from the Baltic Sea based on the results of molecular analysis of specimens collected from the Gulf of Bothnia and around the Isle of Askö (Sweden) in 2005. Later, the species was reported from the Gulf of Finland (Finland: Blank et al. 2008; Russia: Maximov 2010, 2015), and south-eastern part of the Baltic Sea (Russia: Kocheshkova &amp; Ezhova 2018).</p> <p>Marenzelleria arctia has not been reported from North America since Chamberlin’s original description. Complete information about type material of M. arctia from the Beaufort Sea, Alaska, is given in Table S2.</p> <p>Distribution in North America. Beaufort Sea, Alaska, USA (Fig. 2).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4633878EFFA1B0474B83FBA063EB6564	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Radashevsky, Vasily I.;Pankova, Victoria V.;Malyar, Vasily V.;Cerca, José;Struck, Torsten H.	Radashevsky, Vasily I., Pankova, Victoria V., Malyar, Vasily V., Cerca, José, Struck, Torsten H. (2021): A review of the worldwide distribution of Marenzelleria viridis, with new records for M. viridis, M. neglecta and Marenzelleria sp. (Annelida: Spionidae). Zootaxa 5081 (3): 353-372, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5081.3.3
4633878EFFA0B0464B83FF30628E603F.text	4633878EFFA0B0464B83FF30628E603F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marenzelleria bastropi Bick 2005	<div><p>Marenzelleria bastropi Bick, 2005</p> <p>(Figs 1 &amp; 2)</p> <p>Marenzelleria bastropi Bick, 2005: 266–268, figs 1–2. Blank &amp; Bastrop 2009: 314.</p> <p>Marenzelleria sp. A: Bick &amp; Zettler 1997: 143. Sikorski &amp; Bick 2004: 271, fig. 8.</p> <p>Marenzelleria Type III: Bastrop et al. 1997: 126–127; 1998: 99–100.</p> <p>Remarks. By the genetic analyses of Marenzelleria from northern Europe and the US Atlantic coast, Röhner et al. (1996a, b) and Bastrop et al. (1997, 1998) distinguished three lineages of Marenzelleria: Types I, II and III. Marenzelleria Type III was rare and found only in Currituck Sound (North Carolina, USA), co-occurring with Marenzelleria Type II. The worms were not formally named until Bick (2005), based on new material from Currituck Sound, described Marenzelleria Type III as a new species, M. bastropi. It remains known only from its type locality. Complete information about records of M. bastropi is given in Table S3.</p> <p>Distribution. North Carolina, USA (Fig. 2).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4633878EFFA0B0464B83FF30628E603F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Radashevsky, Vasily I.;Pankova, Victoria V.;Malyar, Vasily V.;Cerca, José;Struck, Torsten H.	Radashevsky, Vasily I., Pankova, Victoria V., Malyar, Vasily V., Cerca, José, Struck, Torsten H. (2021): A review of the worldwide distribution of Marenzelleria viridis, with new records for M. viridis, M. neglecta and Marenzelleria sp. (Annelida: Spionidae). Zootaxa 5081 (3): 353-372, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5081.3.3
4633878EFFA0B0494B83FD04639262B3.text	4633878EFFA0B0494B83FD04639262B3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marenzelleria neglecta Sikorski & Bick 2004	<div><p>Marenzelleria neglecta Sikorski &amp; Bick, 2004</p> <p>(Figs 1 &amp; 2)</p> <p>Marenzelleria neglecta Sikorski &amp; Bick, 2004: 264–268, figs 2B, 3C, 5A–I, 6. Syomin et al. 2017: 977−979, figs 2−5. Blank &amp; Bastrop 2009: 316-318, fig. 1 (phylogeny).</p> <p>Marenzelleria viridis: Maciolek 1984 (Part.): 51–55, fig. 2. Bick &amp; Burckhardt 1989: 239−241, fig. 1, pls VII−VIII. Bastrop et al. 1995: Baltic Sea population. Bochert &amp; Bick 1995: 764−772, figs 2−12 (larval morphology). Bochert 1996a: 58−68, figs 1−31 (oogenesis); 1996b: 192−198, figs 1−27 (spermatogenesis). Röhner et al. 1996a: Baltic Sea population. Ysebaert et al. 1996: 178−179. Sikorski &amp; Buzhinskaya 1998: 1118−1119, fig. 4. Fide Sikorski &amp; Bick 2004 (Part.): 264. Not Verrill 1873.</p> <p>? Marenzelleria viridis: Cohen &amp; Carlton 1995: A4-1. Thompson et al. 2000: 15; 2013: 2290. Cohen et al. 2005: 11. Ranasinghe et al. 2012: 646.</p> <p>Marenzelleria cf. viridis: Bick &amp; Zettler 1997: 141−142, figs 3, 4. Fide Sikorski &amp; Bick 2004: 264.</p> <p>Marenzelleria type II: Röhner et al. 1996b: 281−283. Bastrop et al. 1997: 125−127; 1998: 98−102. Fide Sikorski &amp; Bick 2004: 264.</p> <p>Remarks. Bastrop et al. ’s (1997, 1998) Marenzelleria Type II was found on the both sides of the North Atlantic and not formally named until Sikorski &amp; Bick (2004) described it as a new species, M. neglecta. As noted above, Darss- Zingst-Boddenchain, Baltic Sea, Germany, was designated as the type locality of the species, although M. neglecta was recognized as alien in Europe, being introduced with ballast water from the Atlantic coast of USA (Bastrop et al. 1997, 1998).</p> <p>Based on genetic data (allozyme electrophoresis and/or 16S sequences), Bastrop et al. (1997, 1998) documented the presence of M. neglecta (as M. Type II) in the United States (Durham, New Hampshire; Chesapeake Bay, Maryland; Currituck Sound, North Carolina; Ogeechee River estuary, Georgia) and in Canada (Tuktoyaktuk Harbor, Northwest Territories) (Fig. 2). Notably, specimens of the only sample from New Hampshire (Durham, USNM 80485) were morphologically assigned to M. viridis by Maciolek (1984 *), Sikorski &amp; Bick (2004), as well as one of us (VIR, May 2000). Bastrop et al. (1997: 128) sequenced the 16S mitochondrial fragments of three specimens from this sample and noticed that “Contradictions between the results of morphological and genetic species determination still exist … DNA sequence analysis has shown beyond doubt that these animals [USNM 80485] belong to Marenzelleria Type II [M. neglecta].”</p> <p>Based on the morphology, Sikorski &amp; Bick (2004) identified M. neglecta from San Francisco Bay (California, USA). After the description of M. neglecta, Leslie H. Harris (in litt. 2 June, 5 July 2021) re-identified as M. neglecta specimens initially reported as M. viridis from California, USA (see below Remarks for M. viridis). Moreover, Leslie H. Harris (in litt. 5 July 2021) identified M. neglecta collected during the 2020 National Coastal Condition Assessment from Ilwaco marina, Columbia River mouth, Washington, USA (see VIR ID 24756 in Table S4). Following these identifications, reports of M. viridis from San Francisco Bay by Thompson et al. (2000, 2013) are also referred herein to M. neglecta. Complete information about records of M. neglecta from North America is given in Table S4.</p> <p>Distribution in North America. Atlantic coast: from New Hampshire south to Georgia, USA. Pacific coast: Washington and Northern California, USA. Arctic coast: Northwest Territories, Canada (Fig. 2).</p> <p>* Maciolek (1984: 52) mistakenly exchanged the catalogue numbers for two specimens collected by Jones, M. L. in Gloucester (Massachusetts) on 16 May 1959 (USNM 80483), and nine specimens collected by Long, C. D. at Fox Point (Durham, New Hampshire) on 24 Jul 1962 (USNM 80485).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4633878EFFA0B0494B83FD04639262B3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Radashevsky, Vasily I.;Pankova, Victoria V.;Malyar, Vasily V.;Cerca, José;Struck, Torsten H.	Radashevsky, Vasily I., Pankova, Victoria V., Malyar, Vasily V., Cerca, José, Struck, Torsten H. (2021): A review of the worldwide distribution of Marenzelleria viridis, with new records for M. viridis, M. neglecta and Marenzelleria sp. (Annelida: Spionidae). Zootaxa 5081 (3): 353-372, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5081.3.3
4633878EFFAFB0484B83FEED64416583.text	4633878EFFAFB0484B83FEED64416583.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marenzelleria viridis (Verrill 1873)	<div><p>Marenzelleria viridis (Verrill, 1873)</p> <p>(Figs 1–3)</p> <p>Scolecolepis viridis Verrill, 1873: 345, 600–601.</p> <p>Marenzelleria viridis: Maciolek 1984 (Part.): 51–55, fig. 2. Atkins et al. 1987: 311–320, fig. 2. Bastrop et al. 1995: North Sea population. Röhner et al. 1996a: North Sea population. Dauer 1997: 512–515, figs 1, 2 (palp morphology). Sikorski &amp; Bick 2004 (Part.): 261–264, figs 2C, 3B, 4A–F. Bastrop &amp; Blank 2006: 1197–1199. David &amp; Williams 2016: 821–827, figs 1–5 (regeneration). Whitford &amp; Williams 2016: 357–367, figs 1–3 (regeneration). Kauppi et al. 2018: 48–55. Wasmund et al. 2018: 78. O’Reilly &amp; Nowacki 2019: 1–4, fig. 1.</p> <p>Scolecolepides viridis: Hartman 1942: 13. George 1966: 76–92, figs 1–21 (adult, gamete and larval morphology). Foster 1971: 37–40, figs 57–65.</p> <p>Scolelepides viridis: Hartman 1944: 340.</p> <p>Marenzelleria jonesi Maciolek, 1984: 55–58, figs 3, 4. Fide Rodi &amp; Dauer 1996: 72.</p> <p>Marenzelleria type I: Röhner et al. 1996b: 279–281. Bastrop et al. 1997: 125–127; 1998: 98–102. Fide Sikorski &amp; Bick 2004: 264.</p> <p>Marenzelleria cf. wireni: Bick &amp; Zettler 1997: 138–141, figs 1, 2. Fide Sikorski &amp; Bick 2004: 264.</p> <p>Scolecolepis tenuis Verrill, 1873: 345, 601. Fide Foster 1971: 37.</p> <p>Remarks. Verrill (1873) described Scolecolepis viridis based on material from Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Rhode Island, USA. Maciolek (1984) transferred Verrill’s species to Marenzelleria. Sikorski &amp; Bick (2004) established a lectotype and designated the type locality for M. viridis as Naushon Is., off Martha’s Vineyard, Massachusetts (Fig. 2). They also referred to this species Marenzelleria Type I, which was earlier distinguished in genetic studies by Röhner et al. (1996a, b) and Bastrop et al. (1997, 1998). Invasion of North American M. viridis into northern European waters resulted in numerous studies on this species (see brief review in the Introduction).</p> <p>In Europe, M. viridis was collected for the first time in 1979 from the western part of the North Sea: Fourth Estuary (Scotland) (Elliott 1983; Elliott &amp; Kingston 1987; as M. wireni). In 1983, it was recorded from the southern part of the North Sea: Ems Estuary (The Netherlands / Germany) (Essink &amp; Kleef 1988). In the late 1980s–1990s, M. viridis spread over the North Sea and also appeared in the Baltic Sea (see reviews by Essink &amp; Kleef 1993; Röhner et al. 1996b; Bastrop et al. 1997; Zettler 1997; Essink 1999; Olenin &amp; Leppäkoski 1999; Leppäkoski &amp; Olenin 2000; Simm et al. 2003; Bastrop &amp; Blank 2006; Blank &amp; Bastrop 2009; Kauppi et al. 2017, 2018).</p> <p>We collected M. viridis from the Oslofjord in October 2018 and here for the first time report the species for Norwegian waters. Two collected specimens had about 20 narrow yellowish-brown bands on each palp. However, this species was first collected in the region in 2008. A single Marenzelleria specimen was collected from Idefjorden (see VIR ID 24704 in Table S1) and photographed by Fredrick Pleijel in June 2008 (Fig. 3B). Idefjorden is next to the Oslofjord, separating the southern parts of Norway and Sweden (Fig. 3A). The specimen was not preserved, but, according to the features shown on the picture (i.e., about 20 narrow dark bands on each palp, arrangement of branchiae), we identify it as M. viridis.</p> <p>Marenzelleria viridis was reported from San Francisco Bay (California) based upon specimens collected during the Benthic Pilot Study (BPS) in 1994–1997 (Cohen &amp; Carlton 1995; Thompson et al. 2000, 2013; Ranasinghe et al. 2012) and Rapid Assessment Survey (RAS) for Exotic Species in May 2004 (Cohen et al. 2005). No samples were left in public museums from the BPS 1994–1997, but Sikorski &amp; Bick (2004) identified Marenzelleria collected from that same area (Grizzly Bay, a northern embayment of San Francisco Bay; SIO BIC A 660, ZSRO P-869) in 1999 as M. neglecta. Moreover, Leslie H. Harris, who first identified specimens from the RAS-2004 as M. viridis, re-examined the same specimens after the publication of Sikorski &amp; Bick (2004) and referred them to M. neglecta (Harris, L.H., in litt. 2 June 2021). The taxonomists at the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission’s Marine Biology Laboratory, who identified M. viridis specimens cited in Cohen &amp; Carlton (1995), Thompson et al. (2000, 2013) and Ranasinghe et al. (2012), also re-assessed them as M. neglecta following Sikorski &amp; Bick (2004) (Norris, D., pers. comm.). We assume that it might be the only Marenzelleria species widely distributed in San Francisco Bay in areas with low salinity.</p> <p>Carr et al. (2011) reported M. viridis from St. Andrews (New Brunswick, Canada). However, the photos of two specimens (NBPOL181–08, NBPOL262–08) provided by the authors in BOLD (http://boldsystems.org) clearly show features characteristic for Spiophanes Grube, 1860: absence of branchiae, and enlarged neuropodial lamellae of chaetigers 5–13(14) bearing glandular organs. We compared the COI sequences of these specimens (HQ024089, HQ024090) provided by Carr et al. (2011) with those of other spionids and found them nested among Spiophanes, probably representing a new and not yet described species.</p> <p>Chertoprood et al. (2004) reported M. viridis from Kandalaksha Bay of the White Sea (Russia). One of the authors, however, clarified that it was a mistake in the manuscript and that only M. arctia was collected and identified in that study (Udalov, A.A., in litt. 3 Apr 2019).</p> <p>Distribution worldwide. Atlantic coast of North America: from Nova Scotia (Canada) and Maine (USA) south to Delaware (USA). North Europe: Northern Ireland, North Sea, Baltic Sea (Figs 2, 3A).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4633878EFFAFB0484B83FEED64416583	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Radashevsky, Vasily I.;Pankova, Victoria V.;Malyar, Vasily V.;Cerca, José;Struck, Torsten H.	Radashevsky, Vasily I., Pankova, Victoria V., Malyar, Vasily V., Cerca, José, Struck, Torsten H. (2021): A review of the worldwide distribution of Marenzelleria viridis, with new records for M. viridis, M. neglecta and Marenzelleria sp. (Annelida: Spionidae). Zootaxa 5081 (3): 353-372, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5081.3.3
