identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
21828E61FDA6585694A07F50A7BDBDAE.text	21828E61FDA6585694A07F50A7BDBDAE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chapsa murielongata M. Z. Dou & M. Li 2021	<div><p>Chapsa murielongata M.Z. Dou &amp; M. Li sp. nov.</p> <p>Figure 2</p> <p>Etymology.</p> <p>The specific epithet murioelongata refers to the elongate, muriform ascospores.</p> <p>Type.</p> <p>China. Hainan Province: Ledong County, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.876945&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.710835" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.876945/lat 18.710835)">Jianfengling National Forest</a> Park, 18°42'39"N, 108°52'37"E, alt. 760 m, on bark, 09 Dec 2019, Y. H. Ju HN19222 (LCUF: holotype: HN19222; GenBank MW009102 for ITS and MW010271 for LSU).</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Thallus corticolous, crustose, olive-grey, surface dull, smooth to uneven, ecorticate. Apothecia erumpent, dispersed or two to four aggregated, rounded, 1-3 mm diam.; thalline margin lobed with white felt-like inner surface, lobes strongly backward curved; disc flesh-coloured, covered by thick, white pruina. Exciple 80-105 μm wide laterally, dark brown; epihymenium 20-40 μm high, with coarse greyish granules; hymenium clear, 110-170 μm high, non-amyloid; hypothecium colourless, 10-30 μm high; paraphyses simple, tips unbranched; periphysoides present, 5-30 μm long. Asci 4-6 (8)-spored, clavate, 100-120 × 35-50 μm; ascospores hyaline, bacillary with rounded to subacute ends, submuriform with 20-25 transverse septa and 0-2 longitudinal septa per segment, 75-105 × 9.5-16 μm, non-halonate, I-. Pycnidia not observed.</p> <p>Chemistry.</p> <p>Thallus K-, C-, PD-; no compounds detectable by TLC.</p> <p>Ecology and distribution.</p> <p>On the bark in semi-exposed forest of Hainan Province.</p> <p>Additional specimens examined.</p> <p>China. Hainan Province: Changjiang County, Bawangling Nature Reserve, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.11778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.081667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.11778/lat 10.081667)">Yajia Scenic Area</a>, 10°04'54"N, 109°07'04"E, alt. 810 m, on bark, 08 Dec 2019, Y. H. Ju HN19167 (LCUF); China. Hainan Province: Lingshui County, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.867226&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.726389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.867226/lat 18.726389)">Diaoluo Mountain</a>, 18°43'35"N, 109°52'02"E, alt. 900 m, on bark, 14 Dec 2019, M. Li HN19682 (LCUF) (GenBank MW009103 for ITS and MW010269 for LSU).</p> <p>Note.</p> <p>Chapsa murioelongata is characterised by its olive-grey thallus; white pruinose discs; distinct periphysoids; clear hymenium; 4-8-spored asci; submuriform ascospores with 20-25 transverse septa and 0-2 longitudinal septa per segment. Chapsa microspora Kalb, C. asteliae (Kantvilas &amp; Vězda) Mangold, Astrochapsa elongata Poengs. &amp; Lumbsch and C. patens are morphologically similar to the new species. Chapsa microspora can be distinguished from C. murioelongata by the smaller apothecia (0.6-1.2 mm diam.), transversely septate and smaller ascospores (7-9 × 4 μm) (Lumbsch et al. 2011). Chapsa asteliae differs in amyloid and shorter ascospores (30-80 μm) (Kantvilas and Vězda 2000; Mangold 2008). Astrochapsa elongata differs from C. murioelongata in having shorter ascospores (40-65 μm) and less longitudinal septa per segment (0-1) (Poengsungnoen et al. 2019). Chapsa patens differs from C. murioelongata chiefly in the single-spored asci and broader ascospores (22-35 μm) (Frisch 2006).</p> <p>Blast searches of nuLSU sequences indicate Chapsa murioelongata has close affinities with C. patens (98.36% identity), C. wolseleyana (95.63% identity), C. leprocarpa (91.97% identity) and C. indica (90.81% identity), so all these species were included in the phylogenetic analyses. Chapsa murioelongata was well separated from any other species in the tree and strongly supported as the monophyletic (PP = 1; ML = 100%).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/21828E61FDA6585694A07F50A7BDBDAE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dou *, Ming-Zhu;Li *, Min;Jia, Ze-Feng	Dou *, Ming-Zhu, Li *, Min, Jia, Ze-Feng (2021): New species and records of Chapsa (Graphidaceae) in China. MycoKeys 85: 73-85, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.85.76040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.85.76040
2503DFE0D91C5C138932F4933E7B7633.text	2503DFE0D91C5C138932F4933E7B7633.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chapsa niveocarpa Mangold in Mangold, Elix & Lumbsch, Flora of Australia, 57: 654 2009	<div><p>Chapsa niveocarpa Mangold in Mangold, Elix &amp; Lumbsch, Flora of Australia, 57:654 (2009)</p> <p>Figure 4</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Thallus corticolous, crustose, pale grayish-green surface dull and fluctuating along the bark. Apothecia erumpent, solitary to fused, angular rounded to slightly elongate, 0.5-1.8 × 0.5-1.2 mm; thalline margin split and recurved, insidewith thick white pruina; disc exposed, yellowish-brown, covered by white pruina. Exciple laterally 12-75 μm wide, dark brown; epihymenium 10-20 μm high; hymenium 120-200 μm high, grey-brown, inspersed by granules, non-amyloid; hypothecium indistinct; paraphyses unbranched; tips distinctly thickened; periphysoides present, but obscured by granular inclusions. Asci 1-spored, clavate, 120-140 × 27-36 μm; ascospores densely muriform, with thick halo at both ends, oblong, hyaline, 115-135 × 25-34 μm, I-. Pycnidia not observed.</p> <p>Chemistry.</p> <p>Thallus K-, C-, PD-; no compounds detectable by TLC.</p> <p>Ecology and distribution.</p> <p>Growing on tree bark in tropical rainforests in altitudes ranging from 500 to 1100 m. Australia, Queensland (Mangold 2008); newly reported for China.</p> <p>Selected specimens examined.</p> <p>China. Hainan Province: Wuzhishan City, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.68445&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.90361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.68445/lat 18.90361)">Wuzhishan Nature Reserve</a>, 18°54'13"N, 109°41'04"E, alt. 870 m, on bark, 12 Dec 2019, M. Li HN19508 (LCUF) (GenBank MW009076 for ITS and MW010272 for LSU); China. Hainan Province: Wuzhishan City, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.68445&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.886944" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.68445/lat 18.886944)">Wuzhishan Nature Reserve</a>, 18°53'13"N, 109°41'04"E, alt. 1020 m, on bark, 12 Dec 2019, M. Li HN19530 (LCUF); China. Hainan Province: Wuzhishan City, Wuzhishan Nature Reserve, 18°54'13'N, 109°41'04'E, alt. 870 m, on bark, 12 Dec 2019, M. Li HN19499 (LCUF); China. Hainan Province: Lingshui County, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.867226&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.726389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.867226/lat 18.726389)">Diaoluo Mountain</a>, 18°43'35"N, 109°52'02"E, alt. 900 m, on bark, 14 Dec 2019, M. Li HN19687 (LCUF); China. Hainan Province: Lingshui County, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.867226&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.726389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.867226/lat 18.726389)">Diaoluo Mountain</a>, 18°43'35"N, 109°52'02"E, alt. 900 m, on bark, 14 Dec 2019, M. Li HN19679 (LCUF).</p> <p>Note.</p> <p>Chapsa niveocarpa is characterised by its crustose, pale greyish-green thallus; rounded to elongate apothecia, yellowish-brown discs with white pruina, obscured periphysoids, inspersed hymenium, 1-spored(rare 2-spored)ascus and muriform and hyalineascospores with halo. Chapsa niveocarpa is morphologically similar and phylogenetically related to C. leprocarpa, and both species occur on bark in tropical forests (Frisch 2006; Mangold 2008; Parnmen et al. 2012). Chapsa leprocarpa differs from C. niveocarpa in having a lower hymenium (100-130 μm) and smaller ascospores (up to 111 μm long) (Frisch 2006). The specimen (HN19508) we collected in China is allocated phylogenetically to a strongly-supported (1/91) clade with C. niveocarpa. The collections cited above are the first reports for China.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2503DFE0D91C5C138932F4933E7B7633	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dou *, Ming-Zhu;Li *, Min;Jia, Ze-Feng	Dou *, Ming-Zhu, Li *, Min, Jia, Ze-Feng (2021): New species and records of Chapsa (Graphidaceae) in China. MycoKeys 85: 73-85, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.85.76040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.85.76040
A4D52B9B0B9F562A98A49C5C6DB8B6F7.text	A4D52B9B0B9F562A98A49C5C6DB8B6F7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chapsa wolseleyana Weerakoon, Lumbsch & Luecking, in Weerakoon, Rivas Plata, Lumbsch & Luecking, Lichenologist 44 (3): 377 2012	<div><p>Chapsa wolseleyana Weerakoon, Lumbsch &amp; Luecking, in Weerakoon, Rivas Plata, Lumbsch &amp; Luecking, Lichenologist 44(3): 377 (2012)</p> <p>Figure 3</p> <p>Astrochapsa wolseleyana (Weerakoon, Lumbsch &amp; Lücking) Parnmen, Lücking &amp; Lumbsch, in Parnmen et al., PLoS ONE 7(12): 10 (2012)</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Thallus crustose, corticolous, grey-brown, surface dull to slightly shiny, uneven, fissured. Apothecia erumpent, dispersed, sometimes two or three fused, mostly rounded to seldom slightly angular, 0.7-1.2 mm diam.; thalline margin raised to lobulate, lobes erected to recurved, inner part brown, covered with rose-red or white pruina; disc exposed, rose-red, covered with thick, rose-red pruina. Exciple fused, cupular, laterally 180-250 μm wide, yellowish-brown to brown; epihymenium rose-red with granules, 20-50 μm high, K+ green; hymenium 140-230 μm high, clear, colourless, non-amyloid; hypothecium indistinct; paraphyses septate, tips rose-red and moniliform with oval or rectangular cells; periphysoides present, 50-100 μm long. Asci clavate, 1-spored, 110-135 × 35-50 μm; ascospores densely muriform, oblong-ellipsoid, with hemispherical to roundish ends, 105-130 × 30-45 μm, first reddish, becoming hyaline to slightly olive-brown at maturity, I-. Pycnidia not observed.</p> <p>Chemistry.</p> <p>No substances detected by TLC but apothecial disc with pigment producing K+ yellow-green efflux, suggesting presence of isohypocrelline.</p> <p>Ecology and distribution.</p> <p>Growing on bark exposed to wind and high light intensity in montane forests. Worldwide distribution: Sri Lanka (Weerakoon et al. 2012) and newly reported for China.</p> <p>Selected specimens examined.</p> <p>China. Fujian Province: Quanzhou City, Jiuxian Mountain, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=118.12056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.715834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 118.12056/lat 25.715834)">Reflecting Pool</a>, 25°42'57"N, 118°07'14"E, alt. 1540 m, on bark, 5 Jul 2019, F.Y. Liu FJ19148-b (LCUF) (GenBank MW009106 for ITS, MW010270 for LSU and MW010279 for SSU); China. Fujian Province: Quanzhou City, Jiuxian Mountain, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=118.12139&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.712223" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 118.12139/lat 25.712223)">Natural Observation Path</a>, 25°42'44"N, 118°07'17"E, alt. 1460 m, on bark, 25 Jul 2019, F.Y. Liu FJ19158 (LCUF) (GenBank MW009078 for ITS, MW010273 for LSU and MW010277 for SSU). China. Fujian Province: Quanzhou City, Jiuxian Mountain, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=118.12056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.715834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 118.12056/lat 25.715834)">Reflecting Pool</a>, 25°42'57"N, 118°07'14"E, alt. 1540 m, on bark, 25 Jul 2019, F.Y. Liu FJ19127-2, same locality, FJ19128-2, FJ19141-2 (LCUF).</p> <p>Note.</p> <p>Chapsa wolseleyana is characterised by its grey-brown, uneven thallus, apothecia with raised to lobed thalline margin, rose-red discs with similar coloured pruina, rose-red epihymenium and paraphyses tips, distinct periphysoids, 1-spored asci, muriform ascospores, red when young and hyaline to olive-brown when old. Only a few species of Chapsa have pigmented discs and among them C. rubropulveracea Hale ex Mangold, Lücking &amp; Lumbsch is morphologically most similar to C. wolseleyana, but its thallus is farinose and its ascospores are 8 per ascus, smaller (15-20 × 5-6 μm) and transversely septate (Lumbsch et al. 2011).</p> <p>Chapsa wolseleyana was transferred to Astrochapsa, based on a phenotype-based analysis (not molecular phylogeny) (Parnmen et al. 2012). However, our phylogenetic analysis shows that this species belongs in Chapsa, rather than Astrochapsa. Chapsa wolseleyana was associated phylogenetically with a strongly-supported clade (100/1) with C. patens, but with sufficient distance to be considered a distinct species. In addition, the latter differs from C. wolseleyana in having larger pale brown apothecia (up to 2 mm diam.) with white pruina, unpigmented epihymenium and unpigmented paraphyses adspersed with fine greyish to brownish granules, hyaline ascospores (Frisch et al. 2006; Joshi et al. 2012; Joshi et al. 2018).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A4D52B9B0B9F562A98A49C5C6DB8B6F7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dou *, Ming-Zhu;Li *, Min;Jia, Ze-Feng	Dou *, Ming-Zhu, Li *, Min, Jia, Ze-Feng (2021): New species and records of Chapsa (Graphidaceae) in China. MycoKeys 85: 73-85, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.85.76040, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.85.76040
