taxonID	type	description	language	source
03FC87BDFF9C2A31FC85FCF5FA49F9F1.taxon	materials_examined	Typus: CAMEROON. South Region: 16 km on the road from Ebolowa to Minkok, 2 ° 58 ’ N 11 ° 17 ’ E, 28. IV. 1975, fl., De Wilde 8207 (holo-: BR!; iso-: P [P 04006788]!, WAG [WAG. 1228575, WAG. 1228576, WAG. 1228577]!, YA!).	en	Sonké, Bonaventure, Lachenaud, Olivier (2016): Two new species of Oxyanthus DC. (Rubiaceae) from Central Africa. Candollea 71 (2): 173-180, DOI: 10.15553/c2016v712a2
03FC87BDFF9C2A31FC85FCF5FA49F9F1.taxon	description	Oxyanthus doucetii Sonké & O. Lachenaud closely resembles O. unilocularis Hiern in the large and broad asymmetrical leaves with sparsely pilose lower surface, and the manyflowered inflorescences with long corollas. The species differs from O. unilocularis in the minute calyx teeth (<0.3 mm long), the stems with glabrous internodes, the stipules glabrous except sometimes on their margin, the flower buds with a shorter head 8.5 - 11 mm long, and the corolla lobes not or hardly acute at apex; by contrast, O. unilocularis has well-developed subulate calyx teeth 1.5 - 10 (- 14) mm long, densely puberulous stems and stipules, the head of the flower buds 12 - 25 mm long, and the corolla lobes sharply acute at apex. Shrub or small tree, 2 - 10 m tall, with horizontal branches; stems hollow, 7 - 14 mm thick, glabrous or with short sparse hairs at the nodes only. Stipules 23 - 48 X 16 - 25 mm, broadly mitriform with ± acute apex, glabrous or sparsely ciliate, persistent (except at flowering nodes, where often caducous). Leaves with petiole 0.5 - 1.5 cm, glabrous or with short sparse hairs, and leaf blades 34 - 60 X 18 - 30 cm, very broadly elliptic, strongly asymmetrical at base with proximal side rounded to cordate and distal side acute to obtuse inserted 5 - 12 mm higher, acute or shortly acuminate at apex, glabrous above, sparsely pilose below with ± scabrid erect hairs 0.7 - 1 mm long; lateral nerves 12 - 13 pairs, strongly ascending (except the lower ones) and forming loops well away from the margin; tertiary veins laxly reticulate; domatia absent. Inflorescences pseudo-axillary, one per branch and per season, corymbiform, glabrous, with several hundred flowers but usually producing only few fruits; peduncle 0.6 - 1.5 cm long, rhachis 5 - 10.5 cm long, lateral branches 1.5 - 4 cm long. Bracts minutely triangular, <1 (- 1.5) mm, glabrous. Flowers 5 - merous; pedicels 2 - 8 mm long, glabrous. Ovary 1.5 - 2 mm long, glabrous. Calyx with tube 0.7 - 1 mm long and minute, acutely triangular teeth 0.2 - 0.3 mm long, entirely glabrous. Corolla tube pale green, very narrowly cylindrical, 12.2 - 13.7 cm long X c. 0.2 cm wide, glabrous; corolla lobes white, lanceolate, obtuse or only faintly acute at apex, 1.2 - 1.7 cm long X 0.25 - 0.3 cm wide, glabrous outside, shortly papillose inside. Anthers exserted, ± patent, inserted at the corolla throat, linear, 3 - 5 X 0.5 mm including a sterile apical appendage 0.5 - 1 mm long, glabrous. Style exserted, exceeding corolla throat by 1.5 - 2 cm, glabrous, with slightly swollen elongated stigma. Fruits green, smooth, ovoid to globose, 1.3 - 2.7 X 1.4 - 2 cm when dry, glabrous, with pedicel not markedly accrescent and calyx persistent. Seeds numerous, irregularly polygonal and compressed, c. 9 X 5 mm, the surface folded into numerous closely parallel ridges.	en	Sonké, Bonaventure, Lachenaud, Olivier (2016): Two new species of Oxyanthus DC. (Rubiaceae) from Central Africa. Candollea 71 (2): 173-180, DOI: 10.15553/c2016v712a2
03FC87BDFF9C2A31FC85FCF5FA49F9F1.taxon	etymology	Etymology. – The species name honours Prof. Jean-Louis Doucet, specialist in tropical forestry (Université de Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Belgium), to whom the first author is particularly indebted for his constant support.	en	Sonké, Bonaventure, Lachenaud, Olivier (2016): Two new species of Oxyanthus DC. (Rubiaceae) from Central Africa. Candollea 71 (2): 173-180, DOI: 10.15553/c2016v712a2
03FC87BDFF9C2A31FC85FCF5FA49F9F1.taxon	distribution	Distribution and ecology. – Oxyanthus doucetii is endemic to Cameroon in the Lower Guinea Domain (Fig. 2), and is found mostly in the Central Region around Yaoundé, more rarely in the southwest (Mt. Cameroon) and South Regions (around Bipindi and Ebolowa). The species occurs in primary and secondary forests between 480 and 760 m. Phenology. – Flower buds in October-November, mature flowers in April; fruits in March, June-July (immature) and from September to December.	en	Sonké, Bonaventure, Lachenaud, Olivier (2016): Two new species of Oxyanthus DC. (Rubiaceae) from Central Africa. Candollea 71 (2): 173-180, DOI: 10.15553/c2016v712a2
03FC87BDFF9C2A31FC85FCF5FA49F9F1.taxon	conservation	Conservation status. – The EOO is estimated as c. 35,435 km 2 and AOO as 44 km 2. The species is known from nine locations. None of these locations are protected, and deforestation for agriculture (and also for urban extension in the periphery of Yaoundé) represents a clear threat to the species. A decline in AOO, extent and quality of habitat, number of locations and number of individuals is therefore expected, and O. doucetii is assigned a preliminary conservation status of “ Vulnerable ” [VU B 2 ab (i, ii, iii, iv)].	en	Sonké, Bonaventure, Lachenaud, Olivier (2016): Two new species of Oxyanthus DC. (Rubiaceae) from Central Africa. Candollea 71 (2): 173-180, DOI: 10.15553/c2016v712a2
03FC87BDFF9C2A31FC85FCF5FA49F9F1.taxon	discussion	Notes. – As mentioned above, O. doucetii has previously been confused with the morphologically similar, and presumably closely related, O. unilocularis. It differs from the latter in having minute calyx teeth (<0.3 mm long), the stems with glabrous internodes, the stipules glabrous except sometimes on their margin, the flower buds with a shorter head 8.5 - 11 mm long, and the corolla lobes not or hardly acute at apex (compare Fig. 1 and 3). Additionally, O. doucetii tends to have larger and broader stipules (23 - 48 X 16 - 25 mm) than O. unilocularis (7 - 35 X 4 - 22 mm), but this character shows significant overlap between the two species. The stipules of O. doucetii are the largest in the genus. Two sterile collections from Mt Kolodom near Yaoundé, Sonké 120 & 121 (BR), are intermediate between O. doucetii and O. unilocularis in vegetative characters. The internodes are very sparsely pubescent, often only towards the apex, and the stipules are pubescent only at the base and margins. In the absence of fertile material, these collections cannot be referred with certainty to either species; they may represent hybrids, since both species are found in the region.	en	Sonké, Bonaventure, Lachenaud, Olivier (2016): Two new species of Oxyanthus DC. (Rubiaceae) from Central Africa. Candollea 71 (2): 173-180, DOI: 10.15553/c2016v712a2
03FC87BDFF9C2A31FC85FCF5FA49F9F1.taxon	materials_examined	Paratypi. – CAMEROON. Central Region: Yaoundé, NE, 1939, fl. buds, Jacques-Félix 4799 (BR); Nkolakié, 3 ° 57 ’ N 11 ° 21 ’ E, VII. 2010, fr. imm., Kayo 1 (BR); ibid. loc., 4. V. 2003, fl. (fallen), Nguembou & Djuikouo 665 (BRLU); ibid. loc., 8. VI. 2003, fl., Nguembou & Djuikouo 796 (BR, BRLU); Mont Kala, 3 ° 53 ’ N 11 ° 30 ’ E, 5. V. 2004, fl. buds, Nguembou et al. 1202 (BR, BRLU); Mont Ngoa Ekele [3 ° 51 ’ N 11 ° 24 ’ E], 4. XII. 1986, fr., Sonké 43 (BR, YA); Mt Akondoué [3 ° 50 ’ N 11 ° 29 ’ E], 23. IV. 1987, fl. buds, Sonké 95 (BR, K, YA); ibid. loc., 29. IX. 1987, fr., Sonké 116 (BR, WAG); ibid. loc., 31. X. 1987, fl. buds & fr., Sonké 117 (BR); Mt Kala, 14. XI. 1987, fr., Sonké 123 (BR, YA); ibid. loc., same date, Sonké 124 (BR, YA); Mt Kolodom, [3 ° 51 ’ N 11 ° 22 ’ E], 23. IV. 1988, fl., Sonké 141 (BR, YA); Nkolfep, Massif du Mbaminkom, 3 ° 58 ’ N 11 ° 23 ’ E, 3. III. 2002, fr., Sonké, Nguembou & Djuikouo 2758 (BR, BRLU); Ndjamtchourou (Ngoro), 4 ° 57 ’ N 11 ° 20 ’ E, 20. VII. 2009, fr. imm., Sonké & Simo 5297 (BR). South Region: Bipindi, 3 ° 5 ’ N 10 ° 24 ’ E, 26. XI. 2004, fl. buds & fr., Sonké & Nguembou 3598 (BR). Southwest Region: env. du village Efolofo, pentes septentrionales du Mt Cameroun, 4 ° 21 ’ N 9 ° 7 ’ E, 1. VI. 1976, fr. imm., Satabié 300 (BR, P, YA).	en	Sonké, Bonaventure, Lachenaud, Olivier (2016): Two new species of Oxyanthus DC. (Rubiaceae) from Central Africa. Candollea 71 (2): 173-180, DOI: 10.15553/c2016v712a2
03FC87BDFF9E2A34FCEBF949FA57F8B0.taxon	materials_examined	Typus: CAMEROON. East Region: près Mekomo, 8 km SW confluent Dja et Lobo, [3 ° 14 ’ N 12 ° 22 ’ E], 19. III. 1962, fl. buds & fruits, Letouzey 4585 (holo-: BR [BR 880499]!; iso-: BR [BR 880466, BR 880508]!, P [P 03907844]!, YA!).	en	Sonké, Bonaventure, Lachenaud, Olivier (2016): Two new species of Oxyanthus DC. (Rubiaceae) from Central Africa. Candollea 71 (2): 173-180, DOI: 10.15553/c2016v712a2
03FC87BDFF9E2A34FCEBF949FA57F8B0.taxon	description	Oxyanthus lewisii Sonké & O. Lachenaud has fusiform fruits, resembling those of O. robbrechtianus Sonké, O. dubius De Wild. and O. speciosus DC. subsp. stenocarpus (K. Schum.) Bridson, but more narrowly pointed at apex than in these species. It further differs from O. dubius by the shorter calyx teeth (0.4 - 0.6 mm, not 3 - 4 mm) and bracts (1.5 - 2 mm, not 5 - 8 mm), from O. speciosus subsp. stenocarpus by the shorter and few-flowered inflorescences, and from both by the nerves sparsely hairy beneath and lacking domatia in their axils. From O. robbrechtianus, it also differs in the glabrous twigs and outside of corolla, the leaves symmetrical at base, and the orange (not red) fruits without longitudinal ridges. Shrub 1 - 2 m tall, with horizontal branches; stems glabrous. Stipules 4.5 - 12 X 2.5 - 7 mm, narrowly ovate with acute apex, glabrous, persistent. Leaves with petiole 0.4 - 1.2 cm long, glabrous to sparsely pubescent, and leaf blade 9 - 18.5 X 1.9 - 8.5 cm, elliptic or elliptic-oblong; cuneate at base, acuminate at apex, glabrous above, sparsely and shortly pubescent on the midrib and lateral nerves beneath; lateral nerves 5 - 9 pairs, moderately to strongly ascending; tertiary veins rather densely reticulate; domatia absent. Inflorescences pseudo-axillary, one per branch and per season, very shortly paniculate, <1.3 cm long, glabrous, with 5 - 14 flowers (usually producing 1 - 3 fruits); peduncle absent or very short (to 0.2 cm), rachis <1. 1 c m. Bra cts s u b u l a t e, 1.5 - 2 m m l on g, c i l i a t e. Flowers 5 - merous; pedicels 1 - 2 mm long, glabrous. Ovary 1 - 1.3 mm long, glabrous. Calyx with tube c. 1 mm long and short subulate teeth 0.4 - 0.6 mm, entirely glabrous. Corolla only known in very young bud stage, c. 0.65 cm long; tube cylindrical, glabrous, c. 0.15 cm long; lobes narrowly lanceolate, c. 0.5 cm long X 0.1 cm wide, glabrous on both sides. Anthers smooth, linear, 3.6 - 4 X 0.1 mm, including a sterile apical appendage ± 1 mm long. Style ± 6 mm long, with a slightly swollen elongated stigma ± 2 mm long. Fruits orange, fusiform, smooth or slightly rugose but without longitudinal ridges, 3.8 - 6.5 (- 8) X 0.5 - 1.5 cm, gradually pointing into a narrow beak (0.2 - 0.4 cm wide at apex), glabrous, with accrescent pedicel 0.5 - 1 cm long and calyx usually deciduous. Seeds numerous, compressed, irregularly ellipsoid, 6 - 7 X 3 - 5 mm, the surface folded into numerous closely parallel ridges.	en	Sonké, Bonaventure, Lachenaud, Olivier (2016): Two new species of Oxyanthus DC. (Rubiaceae) from Central Africa. Candollea 71 (2): 173-180, DOI: 10.15553/c2016v712a2
03FC87BDFF9E2A34FCEBF949FA57F8B0.taxon	etymology	Etymology. – This species is named after Prof. Simon Lewis, internationally renowned British ecologist (Chair in Global Change Science, Department of Geography, University College London) who made several expeditions in Cameroon with the first author, and constantly supported his research.	en	Sonké, Bonaventure, Lachenaud, Olivier (2016): Two new species of Oxyanthus DC. (Rubiaceae) from Central Africa. Candollea 71 (2): 173-180, DOI: 10.15553/c2016v712a2
03FC87BDFF9E2A34FCEBF949FA57F8B0.taxon	distribution	Distribution and ecology. – Oxyanthus lewisii is sparsely distributed in southern Cameroon, northern Gabon, and eastern D. R. Congo in the Lower Guinea and Congolian Domains (Fig. 2). It appears to have a widely disjunct range, with a gap of over 1,000 km between the D. R. Congo locality and the rest of the range; similar disjunctions are known in other species, e. g. in Chassalia pleuroneura (K. Schum.) O. Lachenaud (Lachenaud & Jongkind, 2010). The species is apparently rare; it occurs in lowland forest between 380 and 750 m, at least sometimes in riverine or periodically inundated formations. Phenology. – Flower buds in March; fruits from December to April.	en	Sonké, Bonaventure, Lachenaud, Olivier (2016): Two new species of Oxyanthus DC. (Rubiaceae) from Central Africa. Candollea 71 (2): 173-180, DOI: 10.15553/c2016v712a2
03FC87BDFF9E2A34FCEBF949FA57F8B0.taxon	conservation	Conservation status. – The EOO is estimated at c. 371,433 km 2 and the AOO as 20 km 2. The species is known from five locations, none of which are protected. Logging activities and deforestation for agriculture (and also for mining in the eastern part of its range) represent potential threats to the species. A decline in AOO, extent and quality of habitat, number of locations and number of individuals may therefore be expected, and Oxyanthus lewisii is assigned a preliminary conservation status of “ Vulnerable ” [VU B 2 ab (ii, iii, iv, v)].	en	Sonké, Bonaventure, Lachenaud, Olivier (2016): Two new species of Oxyanthus DC. (Rubiaceae) from Central Africa. Candollea 71 (2): 173-180, DOI: 10.15553/c2016v712a2
03FC87BDFF9E2A34FCEBF949FA57F8B0.taxon	discussion	Notes. – Oxyanthus lewisii is remarkable by the long fusiform fruits, which are somewhat variable in shape, being particularly narrow in Letouzey 4585 and Le Testu 9033, but distinctly broadened in the middle in Dauby et al. 2293. The only other taxa with fruits approaching in shape those of O. lewisii, although not so pointed at apex, are O. robbrechtianus Sonké, O. dubius De Wild. and O. speciosus subsp. stenocarpus (K. Schum.) Bridson. Oxyanthus lewisii differs from O. dubius by the shorter calyx teeth and bracts, from O. speciosus subsp. stenocarpus by the shorter and few-flowered inflorescences, and from O. robbrechtianus, it also differs in the glabrous twigs and outside of corolla, the symmetrical leaf base, and the fruits lacking longitudinal ridges. Oxyanthus speciosus subsp. stenocarpus also has a different habitat (submontane forests, 1000 - 2000 m). In the absence of fruits, O. lewisii might be confused with O. gracilis K. Schum., O. pallidus Hiern and O. subpunctatus (Hiern) Keay, all of which have the leaves fairly similar in size and shape, but either entirely glabrous beneath (O. pallidus) or pubescent only on the nerve axils (O. gracilis and O. subpunctatus).	en	Sonké, Bonaventure, Lachenaud, Olivier (2016): Two new species of Oxyanthus DC. (Rubiaceae) from Central Africa. Candollea 71 (2): 173-180, DOI: 10.15553/c2016v712a2
03FC87BDFF9E2A34FCEBF949FA57F8B0.taxon	materials_examined	Paratypi. – GABON. Estuaire: Parc des Mts de Cristal, région d’Akoga, 0 ° 51 ’ 50 ” N 10 ° 29 ’ 53 ” E, 13. XII. 2015, fr., Boupoya & Issembé 1211 (BRLU). Ogooué-Ivindo: Concession CEB, N de la Zone de Milolé, 2 ° 14 ’ 55 ” S 12 ° 44 ’ 19 ” E, 12. II. 2010, fr., Dauby et al. 2293 (BRLU). Woleu-Ntem: Aloum [2 ° 09 ’ N 11 ° 42 ’ E], 14. III. 1933, fr., Le Testu 9033 (BR). D. R. CONGO. South Kivu: Kingulube [2 ° 39 ’ S 28 ° 02 ’ E], fr., 15. IV. 1959, A. Léonard 3872 (BR).	en	Sonké, Bonaventure, Lachenaud, Olivier (2016): Two new species of Oxyanthus DC. (Rubiaceae) from Central Africa. Candollea 71 (2): 173-180, DOI: 10.15553/c2016v712a2
