identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03F587A1C61A871219215DF54D46065B.text	03F587A1C61A871219215DF54D46065B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marsdenia mayottae W. D. Stevens, Labat & Barthelat 2016	<div><p>Marsdenia mayottae W.D. Stevens, Labat &amp; Barthelat, spec. nova (Fig. 1, 2).</p> <p>Typus: M AYOTTE: Grande Terre, Bandré, Rassi Abambo, 9.II.2001, Barthelat, M’Changama &amp; Ali Sifari 295 (holo: P [P00229277]!; iso: G!, K!, MAO!, MO!, P [P00282507]!).</p> <p>Marsdenia mayottae W.D. Stevens, Labat &amp; Barthelat is most similar to M. vohiborensis Choux, but differs from this species by its umbonate style apex completely covered by the terminal anther appendages and the absence or near absence of a corona.</p> <p>Shrub or twining vine, woody but apparently not corky, underground parts unknown, stems densely appressedpuberulent, sparsely lenticellate, internodes 1-6 cm; latex white. Leaves opposite; blades 6.5-11.1 × 4-9.2 cm, ovate to elliptic, glabrous or puberulent on veins below; apex acuminate to attenuate; base truncate to shallowly lobate, its sinus up to 5 mm deep, lateral veins 4 to 6, colleters 10 to 24; petiole 2.4-5.5 cm, sparsely puberulent. Inflorescences solitary, paniculate with 2 to 6 congested-racemose, appressedpuberulent branches; peduncle (3) 10-48 mm; fertile axes up to 3 cm long, more or less covered with pedicel scars. Flowers borne on pedicels 4–9 mm long; bracts numerous and conspicuous, 1.5-10 × 0.6-4 mm, elliptic to spathulate, sometimes leaf-like; calyx with 1 colleter below each sinus within, lobes elliptic to ovate with round tips, unequal, 3-4 × 1.7-2 mm, sparsely puberulent along axis abaxially, not ciliolate, green; corolla shallowly campanulate, dull yellow, without calli, barbate in distal half of tube and proximal half or more of each lobe adaxially, glabrous abaxially, tube 1.7-2.3 mm, lobes elliptic with tip rounded, 2.2-3 × 1.6- 1.7 mm, patent; corona lobes absent or if present reduced to a fleshy tooth adnate to base of anther, deltate, up to 0.4 mm long, 0.2 mm wide at base; gynostegium nearly sessile, guide rails 0.7 mm long, slightly salient at base; anthers trapezoidal, nearly rectangular, 0.8-1 × 0.8-1 mm, terminal appendages 0.6 × 0.6 mm, elliptic to ovate, translucent, corpusculum ellipsoid to subsagittoid, 0.19-0.28 × 0.08-0.13 mm, translators flat, 0.19-0.25 × ca. 0.05 mm, pollinia ellipsoid to obovoid, 0.39-0.43 × 0.24-0.3 mm;</p> <p>style apex umbonate, 1.4-1.5 mm wide at base. Follicles narrowly ovoid with asymmetrical base, 7.5-9.5 × 2.5-3.5 cm, smooth, glabrous, follicle wall 5-7 mm thick; seeds elliptic, 8-11 × 5-7 mm, dark grey-brown with red-brown mottling, margin 0.6-0.7 mm wide, distally entire or inconspicuously crenulate, surface smooth, coma 3.5-4 cm long, white.</p> <p>Distribution, habitat and phenology. – Marsdenia mayottae is only known from Mayotte, where it can be found at low elevations (less than 10 m a.s.l.) in littoral forest growing with Thespesia populnea (L.) Sol. ex Corrêa, Xylocarpus granatum Koenig, Mimusops comorensis Engl., Maytenus undata (Thunb.) Blakelock and Calophyllum inophyllum L. It is also found on coastal squeletic soils on basaltic rock or in dry littoral scrubland with Grewia picta Baill., G. triflora (Bojer) Walp., Guettarda speciosa L. and Maytenus undata. In addition, it can be found also on calcareous sand soil with Talipariti tiliaceum (L.) Fryxell. The new species is very rarely present also in dry lowland forest on other substrates at up to 100 m.</p> <p>Marsdenia mayottae has been recorded in flower from November to January and in fruit in May and June.</p> <p>Vernacular names and local use. – The following vernacular names in Shibushi have been recorded for M. mayottae by Barthelat &amp; Boullet (2005) or on herbarium labels: “Pamba suisui be” or “Pamba suisui famakitrano”, “Macarangana vahi”, “Vahy rotono”, “Vahy maro” and “Kidoro voalavo”. The plants are used in the preparation of magic potions known as “grigris” (M. M’changama, pers. comm.).</p> <p>Conservation status. – Marsdenia mayottae is only known from highly threatened littoral and lowland dry forests on Mayotte, and its population, as currently known, is highly fragmented. It is only known from five locations despite intensive inventories in the last decades. Thus, its preliminary risk of extinction can be assessed as “Endangered” [EN B2ab(iii)] following the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (IUCN, 2012).</p> <p>Notes. – This species shares a dense, bracteate inflorescence with M. vohiborensis Choux from the central plateau of Madagascar. However, M. vohiborensis has a long-exserted style apex while M. mayottae has an umbonate style apex completely covered by the terminal anther appendages. The absence or near absence of a corona in M. mayottae is unique among the species of Marsdenia of Madagascar and the Comoros, and rare in the genus.</p> <p>Paratypi. – M AYOTTE: Grande Terre, Saziley, 17.I.2001, Barthelat &amp; Ali Sifari 233 (G, K, MAO, MO, P); Petite Terre, Labattoir, Plage de Moya, 15.I.2002, Barthelat &amp; Ali Sifari 694 (K, MAO, MO, P); ibid. loc., 15.I.2002, Barthelat &amp; Ali Sifari 699 (MAO, MO, P); Grande Terre, Mliha, Mtsumbatsu, 20.XII.2001, Barthelat et al. 625 (MAO, MO, P); sommet du Bouzi, X.1850, Boivin s.n. (P); Rassi Maoussi, 17.V.1999, Mas 176 (P); Sohoa, 28.VI.1997, Pascal 942 (G, MO, P).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F587A1C61A871219215DF54D46065B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stevens, W. Douglas;Labat, Jean-Noël;Barthelat, Fabien	Stevens, W. Douglas, Labat, Jean-Noël, Barthelat, Fabien (2016): Two new species of Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae from Mayotte. Candollea 71 (1): 127-134, DOI: 10.15553/c2016v711a15
03F587A1C61F8713193E590B4AF00421.text	03F587A1C61F8713193E590B4AF00421.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tylophora mayottae W. D. Stevens, Labat & Barthelat A. Habit 2016	<div><p>Tylophora mayottae W.D. Stevens, Labat &amp; Barthelat, spec. nova (Fig. 3, 4).</p> <p>Typus: M AYOTTE: Grande Terre, Mamoudzou, réserve forestière de Majimbini, La Convalescence, 5.IX.2001, Barthelat et al. 483 (holo-: P [P00229464]! iso-: BR!, K!, MAO!, MO!).</p> <p>Tylophora mayottae W.D. Stevens, Labat &amp; Barthelat is similar to T. coriacea Marais, but with smaller flowers which are rotate and a shorter corolla tube (0.2-0.5 mm) and with guide rails which are shorter (0.15-0.2 mm).</p> <p>Twining and trailing vine with white latex. Stems rooting at nodes, woody and corky below, with hirsutulous indument present at the nodes and sometimes extending in a continuous line along the internodes; internodes 3-14 cm long. Leaves opposite; blades 6.7-13.5 × 4-8.8 cm, ovate to elliptic, apex acute to acuminate, base obtuse to truncate or shallowly lobed with a sinus up to 7 mm deep, both surfaces glabrous, glossy, succulent, margin thickened, lateral veins 4 to 6, colleters 2 to 10, sometimes raised on a fleshy pad; petioles 0.7-3.4 cm, glabrous or hirsutulous on the upper side. Inflorescence 4.5- 6.0 cm long, with hispidulous indument forming a continuous line on the axis; peduncle 1.7-2.2 cm when in flower, up to 5.3 cm long when in fruit. Flowers borne on pedicels 0.5- 0.6 cm long; bracts 2.2 × 0.3 mm, linear to lanceolate; calyx apparently without colleters, lobes 1.3-1.3 × 0.5 mm, lanceolate, apex acute, glabrous or with a few hairs on midrib and margin; corolla pale pink, glabrous outside, densely white-hispid inside with hairs 0.15 mm long, tube 0.2–0.5 mm, lobes 2-2.5 × 1-1.2 mm, lanceolate with acute apex; corona pale yellow 1.0 mm high, 1.5-1.6 mm in diam., 5-lobed; lobes free, erect, more or less reaching to the base of anthers, apices rounded; c o r p u s c u l u m n a r ro w l y e l l i p s o i d, 0.2 -0.2 2 × 0.0 7 - 0.08 mm, translators 0.09 mm long, pollinia ellipsoid, 0.18-0.2 × 0.14-0.16 mm; ovaries glabrous. Follicles 8.2 × 1.1 cm, narrowly fusiform, glabrous, smooth, green; seeds 10-11 × 5.5-6.5 mm, dark brown, margin 0.8 mm wide, irregularly toothed on distal third, surface smooth, finely hispidulose on both sides; coma 2-2.5 cm long, white.</p> <p>Distribution, habitat and phenology. – Tylophora mayottae is only known from Mayotte, it has been recorded in sub-humid to humid forest between 200 to 400 m in the Majimbini and Combani forest reserves on Grande Terre and in the coastal forests at Saziley on Grande Terre and at Moya on Petite Terre. It has been recorded in flower in October and November, and in mature fruit in September, but flowering and fruiting probably spans at least from August to December.</p> <p>Vernacular names and local use. – The new species is known from data recorded by Barthelat &amp; Boullet (2005) or on herbarium labels as “Vahy rountou”, “Vahy rotono be” or “Pamba suisui be” in Shibushi dialect, and “Ouvamba suisui bole” in Shimaore dialect. The plant is used in the preparation of magic potions known as “grigris” (M. M’changama pers. comm.).</p> <p>Conservation status. – Tylophora mayottae is rare and clearly has a restricted distribution. It is known from only three recent collections from three separate protected areas, and three collections from the XIXth century, two of which have no locality details other than “ Mayotte ”. The preliminary risk of extinction of Tylophora mayottae is therefore assessed as “ Vulnerable” [VU D2] following the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (IUCN, 2012). Further information on the extant population is needed to be able to provide a more reliable assessment of the conservation status of the new species.</p> <p>Notes. – Tylophora mayottae is vegetatively similar to T. coriacea, which is restricted to Mauritius, Reunion and the Seychelles, but differs from it by its smaller flowers which are rotate (vs. subcampanulate), with a shorter corolla tube (0.2-0.5 vs. 1.7-2 mm) and shorter guide rails (0.15-0.2 vs. 0.6-0.8 mm).</p> <p>In a recent molecular study (Liede-Schumann et al., 2012), Tylophora and a variety of other tropical genera were placed in synonymy with the north-temperate genus Vincetoxicum Wolf. However the authors are not convinced of the merits of this view, and prefer to maintain the genus Tylophora as distinct until more compelling evidence is available.</p> <p>Paratypi. – M AYOTTE: Grande Terre, Bandré, Saziley, La Convalescence, 30.IX.2003, Barthelat et al. 1242 (P); Grande Terre, Bandré, Saziley, La Convalescence, 29.XI.2005, Barthelat et al. 1526 ᵐ); sine loc., Boivin s.n. (P); sine loc., XI.1850, Boivin 3210 (K, P); forêt de Combani, 21.X.1884, Humblot 1336 (K, P).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F587A1C61F8713193E590B4AF00421	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Stevens, W. Douglas;Labat, Jean-Noël;Barthelat, Fabien	Stevens, W. Douglas, Labat, Jean-Noël, Barthelat, Fabien (2016): Two new species of Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae from Mayotte. Candollea 71 (1): 127-134, DOI: 10.15553/c2016v711a15
