identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
BB4A878FC069FFA0A3C4FAB0FBF594B8.text	BB4A878FC069FFA0A3C4FAB0FBF594B8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ircinia Nardo 1833	<div><p>Genus Ircinia Nardo, 1833</p> <p>Diagnosis. The proteinaceous skeleton of irciniids is composed of primary fibers that are meshed together in fascicles. A system of secondary fibers intersect, often perpendicularly, with the fascicles and can differ in the degree of coring and fiber widths relative to the primary fibers. The networks of interconnecting secondary and fascicular primary fibers are reinforced by nearly transparent, thin fibers (termed irciniid filaments) that can be tightly packed in pleatlike layers or arranged in tracts, making the bodies of many irciniids compressible though difficult to tear. Ircinia are distinguishable from Psammocinia Lendenfeld, 1889 by the former’s absence of a thick outer layer of sediment that forms a cortical armor. The dermis of Ircinia is conulated and often clear of epibiont growth. Ircinia display a wide range of intraspecific variation in morphological characters at the macro- and microscopic level. Modified from Hooper &amp; van Soest (2002); see Discussion for remarks on secondary fiber coring.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB4A878FC069FFA0A3C4FAB0FBF594B8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kelly, Joseph B.;Thacker, Robert W.	Kelly, Joseph B., Thacker, Robert W. (2021): New shallow water species of Caribbean Ircinia Nardo, 1833 (Porifera: Irciniidae). Zootaxa 5072 (4): 301-323, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5072.4.1
BB4A878FC069FFA7A3C4F8DDFC939512.text	BB4A878FC069FFA7A3C4F8DDFC939512.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ircinia lowi Kelly & Thacker 2021	<div><p>Ircinia lowi sp. nov.</p> <p>Figures 2, 3; Tables 1, 2.</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 78177724-A5A5-4396-B78D-F6A8181ACB82</p> <p>Holotype: USNM 1582268 (P16x42; 9.37767, -82.3032; appx. 0.5 m depth; coll. J.B.K.; 22 July 2016).</p> <p>Paratypes: USNM 1582267 (P16x41; 9.37767, -82.3032; appx. 0.5 m depth; coll. J.B.K.; 22 July 2016), USNM 1582269 (P16x43; 9.37767, -82.3032; appx. 0.5 m depth; coll. J.B.K.; 22 July 2016), USNM 1582270 (P16x44; 9.37767, -82.3032; appx. 0.5 m depth; coll. J.B.K.; 22 July 2016), USNM 1582278 (P16x52; 9.37767, -82.3032; appx. 0.4 m depth; coll. J.B.K.; 23 July 2016).</p> <p>Type locality: Bocas del Toro, Panama.</p> <p>External morphology. Ircinia with a thickly encrusting growth habit and a forest green external surface color. Sometimes possesses lobate, short branches departing from base (Figure 2). Conules small (1.5–2 mm in height), sometimes of lighter color than the rest of the body. The body is dotted with black oscula that are uniform in size (0.4–0.5 cm diameter) and are either slightly elevated or flushed to the surface.</p> <p>Interior morphology. Primary fascicular fibers 80–200 µm wide, cored. Interconnecting fibers 20–60 um wide, nearly uncored to completely uncored (Figure 3). Irciniid filaments 1–4 µm wide, terminating in spherical knobs 6–10 µm in diameter.</p> <p>Ecology. All specimens were collected from shallow depths (0.4–0.5 m) on patch reefs that occur in association with small seagrass beds.</p> <p>Etymology. This species is named for the immunologist Jun Siong Low for his methodological advances in identifying pan-coronavirus antibodies.</p> <p>Remarks. Tissue takes on a slightly crisper consistency when preserved in ethanol for several days. Referred to as the ‘Encrusting’ growth form in Kelly et al. (2021).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB4A878FC069FFA7A3C4F8DDFC939512	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kelly, Joseph B.;Thacker, Robert W.	Kelly, Joseph B., Thacker, Robert W. (2021): New shallow water species of Caribbean Ircinia Nardo, 1833 (Porifera: Irciniidae). Zootaxa 5072 (4): 301-323, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5072.4.1
BB4A878FC06CFFA5A3C4FF79FD2C958E.text	BB4A878FC06CFFA5A3C4FF79FD2C958E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ircinia bocatorensis Kelly & Thacker 2021	<div><p>Ircinia bocatorensis sp. nov.</p> <p>Figures 4, 5; Tables 1, 2.</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: D3F0FC15-2302-453D-BBAB-B3528E4D8D0A</p> <p>Holotype: USNM 1582284 (P16x58; 9.35133, -82.2593; appx. 5 m depth; coll. J.B.K. and R.W. T.; 26 July 2016).</p> <p>Paratypes: USNM 1582282 (P16x56; 9.35133, -82.2593; appx. 5 m depth; coll. J.B.K. and R.W. T.; 26 July 2016), USNM 1582287 (P16x61; 9.35133, -82.2593; appx. 5 m depth; coll. J.B.K. and R.W. T.; 26 July 2016), USNM 1582289 (P16x63; 9.35133, -82.2593; appx. 5 m depth; coll. J.B.K. and R.W. T.; 26 July 2016), USNM 1582291 (P16x65; 9.35133, -82.2593; appx. 5 m depth; coll. J.B.K. and R.W. T.; 26 July 2016), USNM 1582295 (P16x69; 9.35133, -82.2593; appx. 5 m depth; coll. J.B.K. and R.W. T.; 26 July 2016).</p> <p>Type locality: Bocas del Toro, Panama.</p> <p>Exterior morphology. Ircinia with a massive, sometimes cone-like growth morphology and a tan exterior color (Figure 4). Conules 3–5 mm in height, dully sharp to knobby, typically darker or lighter in color than the rest of the sponge body. Oscula usually black, either flush or apical on cone-like outgrowths, sparsely distributed, sometimes clumped. Oscule diameter 0.5–1.5 cm.</p> <p>Internal morphology. Primary fascicular fibers 200–520 µm wide, heavily cored. Interconnecting fibers 15–65 µm wide, moderately cored and sometimes becoming uncored further from the point of connection with the primary fibers (Figure 5). Irciniid filaments 1–4 µm wide, terminating in spherical to oval knobs 5–10 µm in diameter.</p> <p>Ecology. All specimens were collected from a Thalassia bed interspersed with small coral colonies.</p> <p>Etymology. The species is named for the Panamanian province Bocas del Toro.</p> <p>Remarks. One specimen was observed growing in physical contact with I. strobilina. Referred to as the ‘Massive B’ growth form in Kelly et al. (2021).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB4A878FC06CFFA5A3C4FF79FD2C958E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kelly, Joseph B.;Thacker, Robert W.	Kelly, Joseph B., Thacker, Robert W. (2021): New shallow water species of Caribbean Ircinia Nardo, 1833 (Porifera: Irciniidae). Zootaxa 5072 (4): 301-323, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5072.4.1
BB4A878FC06DFFA4A3C4FB7AFBDC95FB.text	BB4A878FC06DFFA4A3C4FB7AFBDC95FB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ircinia radix Kelly & Thacker 2021	<div><p>Ircinia radix sp. nov.</p> <p>Figures 6, 7; Tables 1, 2.</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 5E1E2B6C-0345-4449-B185-5E27D58DE4E2</p> <p>Holotype: USNM 1582258 (P16x32; 9.30583, -82.1732; appx. 0.5 m depth; coll. J.B.K. and R.W. T.; 21 July 2016).</p> <p>Paratypes: USNM 1582257 (P16x31; 9.30583, -82.1732; appx. 0.5 m depth; coll. J.B.K. and R.W. T.; 21 July 2016), USNM 1582259 (P16x33; 9.30583, -82.1732; appx. 0.5 m depth; coll. J.B.K. and R.W. T.; 21 July 2016), USNM 1582260 (P16x34; 9.30583, -82.1732; appx. 0.5 m depth; coll. J.B.K. and R.W. T.; 21 July 2016).</p> <p>Type locality: Bocas del Toro, Panama.</p> <p>External morphology. Ircinia with a massive growth form and light to bright pink pinacoderm (Figure 6). Growth morphology can range from a round ball (Figure 6A–C) to massive form with variously shaped upright elongations (Figure 6D). Surface with low, rounded conules (1.5–2 mm). Oscula, 0.2–1.2 cm in diameter, flushed to the surface or slightly recessed, with a lighter-colored oscular membrane, usually white. Secondary smaller apertures may be sparsely distributed, made by animals inhabiting the sponge interior.</p> <p>Interior morphology. Fascicular fibers 110–250 µm wide, heavily cored. Interconnecting fibers 10–50 um wide, lightly cored with elongate foreign spicules oriented in parallel to the axis of the fiber and occasional sediment grains (Figure 7). Irciniid filaments 1–4 µm wide, terminating in knobs with highly variable shapes, ranging from spherical to oval to tear-drop, and measuring 4–12 µm in diameter.</p> <p>Ecology. This species inhabits shaded entanglements of mangrove roots.</p> <p>Etymology. The name refers to the mangrove roots that this species lives on.</p> <p>Remarks. Referred to as the ‘Massive A pink’ growth form in Kelly et al. (2021).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB4A878FC06DFFA4A3C4FB7AFBDC95FB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kelly, Joseph B.;Thacker, Robert W.	Kelly, Joseph B., Thacker, Robert W. (2021): New shallow water species of Caribbean Ircinia Nardo, 1833 (Porifera: Irciniidae). Zootaxa 5072 (4): 301-323, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5072.4.1
BB4A878FC063FFA9A3C4F8FAFD9E9038.text	BB4A878FC063FFA9A3C4F8FAFD9E9038.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ircinia laeviconulosa Kelly & Thacker 2021	<div><p>Ircinia laeviconulosa sp. nov.</p> <p>Figures 8, 9; Tables 1, 2.</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 2F579603-36E6-4D5A-9009-FBB43A99247C</p> <p>Holotype: USNM 1582283 (P16x57; 9.35133, -82.2593; appx. 5 m depth; coll. J.B.K. and R.W. T.; 26 July 2016). Paratypes: USNM 1582285 (P16x59; 9.35133, -82.2593; appx. 5 m depth; coll. J.B.K. and R.W. T.; 26 July 2016), USNM 1582286 (P16x60; 9.35133, -82.2593; appx. 5 m depth; coll. J.B.K. and R.W. T.; 26 July 2016), USNM 1582288 (P16x62; 9.35133, -82.2593; appx. 5 m depth; coll. J.B.K. and R.W. T.; 26 July 2016).</p> <p>Type locality: Bocas del Toro, Panama.</p> <p>External morphology. Ircinia with a massive growth form and dark green pinacoderm (Figure 8). Body diameter 10–15 cm. Possesses low conules (1.5–1.75 mm). Oscula flush, sometimes slightly darker than the exterior of the sponge, 0.4–1.2 cm in diameter, and with a thin dark green or gray membrane.</p> <p>Interior morphology. Massive fascicular fibers 110–160 µm wide, heavily cored. Interconnecting fibers 20–50 um wide, sparsely cored (Figure 9). Irciniid filaments 1–5 µm wide, terminating in spherical to tear-drop knobs measuring 6–9 µm in diameter.</p> <p>Ecology. This species is found among Thalassia spp. and coral patches in shallow depths.</p> <p>Etymology. The name refers to the texture imparted by the species’ low conules.</p> <p>Remarks. All specimens collected had a globose growth morphology. Referred to as the ‘Massive A green’ growth form in Kelly et al. (2021).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB4A878FC063FFA9A3C4F8FAFD9E9038	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kelly, Joseph B.;Thacker, Robert W.	Kelly, Joseph B., Thacker, Robert W. (2021): New shallow water species of Caribbean Ircinia Nardo, 1833 (Porifera: Irciniidae). Zootaxa 5072 (4): 301-323, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5072.4.1
BB4A878FC061FFAFA3C4F91FFEED90BC.text	BB4A878FC061FFAFA3C4F91FFEED90BC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ircinia vansoesti Kelly & Thacker 2021	<div><p>Ircinia vansoesti sp. nov.</p> <p>Figures 10, 11; Tables 1, 2.</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: D3C1295B-95FC-4DDB-A3EF-35B0C2EAF3A8</p> <p>Holotype: USNM 1641998 (JK18x20; 16.8285, -88.1044; appx. 0.6 m depth; coll. J.B.K.; 16 August 2018).</p> <p>Paratypes: USNM 1641996 (JK18x18; 16.8285, -88.1044; appx. 0.6 m depth; coll. J.B.K.; 16 August 2018), USNM 1642006 (JK18x28; 16.8083, -88.1496; appx. 0.5 m depth; coll. J.B.K.; 18 August 2018), USNM 1642012 (JK18x34; 16.8083, -88.1496; appx. 0.5 m depth; coll. J.B.K.; 18 August 2018), USNM 1642013 (JK18x35; 16.8083, -88.1496; appx. 0.5 m depth; coll. J.B.K.; 18 August 2018).</p> <p>Type locality: Mesoamerican Barrier Reef, Belize.</p> <p>External morphology. Ircinia with a ramose growth form, although can be occasionally massive lobate in smaller individuals (Figure 10). This species is polymorphic with regard to pinacoderm coloration, and multiple color morphs (gray, dark red, dark green) can be found within a population. Possesses smaller conules (1–1.5 mm). Oscula typically 0.5–1.2 cm in diameter.</p> <p>Interior morphology. Massive fascicular fibers 90–300 µm wide, sometimes cored, and always more heavily than interconnecting fibers. Interconnecting fibers 25–60 um wide, usually uncored (Figure 11). Irciniid filaments 2–6 µm wide terminating in spherical to tear-drop knobs measuring 4–11 µm in diameter. Foreign spicules and sediment are occasionally included in the cortex and are seldom found in the in mesohyl. Fascicles can be rare and difficult to discern from interconnecting secondary fibers (Figure 11).</p> <p>Ecology. This species is found growing on Rhizophora prop roots.</p> <p>Etymology. This species is named for the sponge researcher Rob van Soest.</p> <p>Remarks. Interior morphology can vary somewhat depending on population, as the Twin Cays specimens contained less foreign inclusions relative to the Blue Ground specimens. Referred to as the ‘Sp. 1’ growth form in Kelly et al. (2021).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB4A878FC061FFAFA3C4F91FFEED90BC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kelly, Joseph B.;Thacker, Robert W.	Kelly, Joseph B., Thacker, Robert W. (2021): New shallow water species of Caribbean Ircinia Nardo, 1833 (Porifera: Irciniidae). Zootaxa 5072 (4): 301-323, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5072.4.1
BB4A878FC067FFADA3C4F8AEFC679094.text	BB4A878FC067FFADA3C4F8AEFC679094.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ircinia ruetzleri Kelly & Thacker 2021	<div><p>Ircinia ruetzleri sp. nov.</p> <p>Figures 12, 13; Tables 1, 2.</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: C789E5F2-0BAB-4D78-9EFB-FD01E5E57D87</p> <p>Holotype: USNM 1642001 (JK18x23; 16.8010, -88.1461; appx. 0.8 m depth; coll. J.B.K.; 17 August 2018).</p> <p>Paratypes: USNM 1641999 (JK18x21; 16.8010, -88.1461; appx. 0.8 m depth; coll. J.B.K.; 17 August 2018), USNM 1642000 (JK18x22; 16.8010, -88.1461; appx. 0.8 m depth; coll. J.B.K.; 17 August 2018), USNM 1642003 (JK18x25; 16.8010, -88.1461; appx. 0.8 m depth; coll. J.B.K.; 17 August 2018), USNM 1642004 (JK18x26; 16.8010, -88.1461; appx. 0.8 m depth; coll. J.B.K.; 17 August 2018).</p> <p>Type locality: Mesoamerican Barrier Reef, Belize.</p> <p>External morphology. Ircinia with an encrusting growth form, commonly with digitate projections, and dark gray pinacoderm (Figure 12). Conules 1–1.3 mm in height. Oscula flush or slightly raised, always black, 0.2–1 cm in diameter.</p> <p>Interior morphology. Massive fascicular fibers 120–240 µm wide, heavily cored and tightly bound. Interconnecting fibers 30–50 um wide, lightly cored (Figure 13). Irciniid filaments 2–5 µm wide, terminating in spherical knobs, 5–10 µm in diameter. Cortex contains abundant inclusions of sand grains.</p> <p>Ecology. This species is found on patch reefs co-inhabited by I. strobilina in shallow depths (0.5–1 m) adjacent to mangrove hammocks inhabited by I. vansoesti sp. nov. The surface is often covered with loose sand. The species commonly grows in close association with hydroids and multicellular algae.</p> <p>Etymology. This species is named in honor of the sponge researcher Klaus Rützler.</p> <p>Remarks. Referred to as the ‘Sp. 2’ growth form in Kelly et al. (2021).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB4A878FC067FFADA3C4F8AEFC679094	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kelly, Joseph B.;Thacker, Robert W.	Kelly, Joseph B., Thacker, Robert W. (2021): New shallow water species of Caribbean Ircinia Nardo, 1833 (Porifera: Irciniidae). Zootaxa 5072 (4): 301-323, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5072.4.1
BB4A878FC065FFB3A3C4F8A7FD1A9648.text	BB4A878FC065FFB3A3C4F8A7FD1A9648.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ircinia reteplana (Topsent 1923)	<div><p>Ircinia cf. reteplana (Topsent, 1923)</p> <p>Figures 14, 15; Tables 1, 2.</p> <p>Representative specimens: USNM 1641981 (JK18x6; 24.6609, -81.4563; appx. 1.2 m depth; coll. J.B.K.; 5 July 2018), USNM 1641982 (JK18x7; 24.6609, -81.4563; appx. 1.2 m depth; coll. J.B.K.; 5 July 2018), USNM 1641984 (JK18x9; 24.6609, -81.4563; appx. 1.2 m depth; coll. J.B.K.; 5 July 2018), USNM 1641985 (JK18x10; 24.6609, -81.4563; appx. 1.2 m depth; coll. J.B.K.; 5 July 2018), USNM 1641989 (JK18x14; 24.6609, -81.4563; appx. 1.2 m depth; coll. J.B.K.; 5 July 2018).</p> <p>Collection locality: Summerland Key, Florida.</p> <p>External morphology. Ircinia with a flattened, branching morphology. Branches are usually not interconnecting (Figure 14). Surface with 1–1.2 mm-high conules. Most oscula are around 0.5 cm in diameter and are found across the face of the branches, where they sit flush, as well as at the edges of the branches.</p> <p>Interior morphology. Massive fascicular fibers are tightly bound, 90–250 µm wide, and heavily cored. Interconnecting fibers 20–80 um wide, moderately cored with spicules and sand (Figure 15). Irciniid filaments 2–6 µm wide, terminating in spherical knobs measuring 9–15 µm in diameter. Cortex routinely incorporates sand and foreign spicule fragments.</p> <p>Ecology. Specimens were collected from a Thalassia -dominated seagrass bed and co-occurred next to I. campana, sometimes within a meter of each other. Symbiotic metazoans in the sponge are mostly crustaceans and polychaetes.</p> <p>Remarks. The body shape of I. reteplana Topsent, 1923 is distinct from those of the aforementioned Ircinia in that it is composed of flattened, interconnecting branches. Because the Floridian Ircinia growth form, called ‘Ramose’ in Kelly et al. (2021), often displays a flattened branching morphology, we designate this growth form as Ircinia cf. reteplana Topsent, 1923, and maintain it as conferre due to the moderate degree of coring observed in secondary fibers, a characteristic that is absent from I. reteplana Topsent, 1923. Additionally, the branches of I. cf. reteplana seldom interconnect, as is reported for I. reteplana Topsent, 1923, and can also possess a rounded branching morphology. This growth form represents either a new species of Ircinia or it represents an extension of the documented range of I. reteplana to the Florida Keys. For reference, the range of I. reteplana encompasses the entirety of the Antilles and spans the Caribbean to the coast of Venezuela, and extends to the tip of the Yucutan Peninsula (van Soest et al. 2021). The collections of I. strobilina, I. felix, and I. campana were made within the documented ranges of these species (Table 1).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB4A878FC065FFB3A3C4F8A7FD1A9648	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kelly, Joseph B.;Thacker, Robert W.	Kelly, Joseph B., Thacker, Robert W. (2021): New shallow water species of Caribbean Ircinia Nardo, 1833 (Porifera: Irciniidae). Zootaxa 5072 (4): 301-323, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5072.4.1
