taxonID	type	description	language	source
B951843E3446FFAC8E1AA663FB4CFB0C.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: CHINA: Holotype male, Pianma, Lushui, 26 ° 01 ′ N, 98 ° 37 ′ E, altitude (alt.) 2300 m, 28. vi. 1993, L. X. Han (KIZ). one male, Ninglang, Yunnan, 27 ° 38 ′ N, 100 ° 47 ′ E, alt. 2200 m, 25. vi. 2001, J. J. Gao (KIZ); nine males, Maoniuhe, Danba, Sichuan, 14,15. ix. 2005, M. F. Xu, H. L. Cao, and H. W. Chen (SCAU, No. 120010 - 18). Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan).	en	He, Xiaofang, Gao, Jianjun, Cao, Huazhi, Zhang, Xiaolei, Chen, Hongwei (2009): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Phortica hani species complex (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (2): 359-372, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x
B951843E3446FFAC8C59A62FFA88FD79.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Arista with short dorsal branches (adf <1.0) and sparse micropubescence, lacking ventral branches (Fig. 13); wing R 4 + 5 and M 1 veins nearly parallel; fifth sternite with dense setae, notched posteromedially (Figs 6 – 12); cercus with two to three long, strong setae ventrally (Figs 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24); paramere with one spike-like process basally (Figs 15, 17, 19, 21, 23); aedeagus nearly membranous, basally fused to gonopods, distally with sensilla (Figs 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25). Description: Male. Head: eyes brown-red. Ocellar triangle black. Frons almost black, with grey pollinosity and a few thick setulae. Fronto-orbital plate brown. Pedicel brown. First flagellomere dark brown. Face almost black on upper part; brown on lower part; facial carina slightly developed. Clypeus yellow-brown medially, black laterally. Gena and postgena brown. Palpus yellow-brown. Occiput brown to black. Thorax: scutum almost black with dense grey pollinose pattern. Postpronotal lobe brownish yellow. Acrostichal setulae in about ten irregular rows. Scutellum black, submedially with silver-grey pollinosity and one pair of yellow patches. Wing: hyaline, slightly smoky, slightly darkened on R 2 + 3 and R 4 + 5 vein tips, r-m and dm-cu crossveins. Legs: all femuera brown to black except yellow at knee joints; tibiae yellow with two to three black rings. Forefemur with three rows of long setae on posterodorsal to posteroventral surface. Abdomen: tergites dark brown to dark brown except second yellow medially; second to fourth with narrow, white bands along posterior margins and yellow-brown patches anterolaterally; sixth brown. Male terminalia: Epandrium not constricted middorsally, with pubescence and setae (Figs 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24). Surstylus elongated, with several small setae distally. Cercus separated from epandrium, elongated ventrally, entirely pubescent and setigerous. Membrane between epandrium and cercus pubescent. Tenth sternite separated into lateral lobes. Hypandrium arched, apically slightly sunken, with one pair of apodeme processes on anterior portion; posterior ends contiguous to posterolateral corners of gonopods and anteroventral corners of epandrium (Figs 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25). Paramere apically with two small, acute processes, subbasally broadened and pointed, basally contiguous to anterior portion of hypandrium and ventral branch of aedeagal apodeme Gonopods fused to each other, forming posteromedial plate in T-shape. Aedeagus developed, curved ventrad, with numerous spinules. Aedeagal apodeme thick.	en	He, Xiaofang, Gao, Jianjun, Cao, Huazhi, Zhang, Xiaolei, Chen, Hongwei (2009): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Phortica hani species complex (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (2): 359-372, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x
B951843E3446FFAA8E28A1B4FABEFADB.taxon	description	(FIGS 1, 8, 13 – 15)	en	He, Xiaofang, Gao, Jianjun, Cao, Huazhi, Zhang, Xiaolei, Chen, Hongwei (2009): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Phortica hani species complex (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (2): 359-372, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x
B951843E3446FFAA8E28A1B4FABEFADB.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: Holotype male, CHINA: Dajiuhu, Shennongjia, Hubei, 3. viii. 2005, H. W. Chen (SCAU, No. 120020). Paratypes: CHINA: four males, three females, same data as holotype except 3 – 5. viii. 2005, H. Z. Cao, H. W. Chen, and M. F. Xu (one male and one female in KIZ; the rest in SCAU, Nos 120021 – 25); two males, two females, Miyaluo, Lixian, Sichuan, 8 – 10. ix. 2005, M. F. Xu and H. L. Cao (SCAU, Nos 120026 – 29).	en	He, Xiaofang, Gao, Jianjun, Cao, Huazhi, Zhang, Xiaolei, Chen, Hongwei (2009): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Phortica hani species complex (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (2): 359-372, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x
B951843E3446FFAA8E28A1B4FABEFADB.taxon	description	Description: Male and female. Head: frons black, with grey pollinosity. Thorax: scutum almost black, with grey pollinose pattern. Scutellum black, with a pair of yellow patches submedially. Legs: hind tibiae with three black rings, three irregular rows of suberect setae on ventral surface, which are slightly shorter than tibia width (Fig. 2 A), apically with one long curved seta (Fig. 2 B). All fourth and fifth tarsomeres black, the rest grey-yellow. Male terminalia: cercus with two strong setae (Fig. 14). Surstylus medially protrudent, with two rows of about seven to eight prensisetae, apically round, with four prensisetae (Fig. 14). Paramere submedially with three small processes, two of them with sensillum, apically with one sensillum; basal process with fine sawteeth (Fig. 15). A KEY TO SPECIES OF THE PHORTICA HANI SPECIES COMPLEX (MALES) 1. Arista with only short dorsal branches; wing R 4 + 5 and M 1 veins nearly parallel; fifth sternite notched posteromedially; cercus ventrally with two to three long, strong setae; paramere with one spike-like process basally; aedeagus nearly membranous (Phortica hani complex) .......................................................................................... 2 2. Hindleg tibia lacking a long seta apically (males only known); surstylus with one prensiseta apically; basal spike-like process of paramere lacking fine sawteeth ............................................................................... 3 – Hindleg tibia with a long seta apically; surstylus apically with two prensisetae at least; basal process of paramere with fine sawteeth ............................................................................................................................. 4 3. Surstylus apically truncate; cercus ventrally with three long setae .............................................................. ........................................................................................... Phortica longicauda Cao & Chen sp. nov. – Surstylus apically pointed; cercus ventrally with two long setae ......... Phortica longiseta Cao & Chen sp. nov. 4. Hindleg tibia apically with one row of short, scopiform setae on ventral surfaces (male only known); surstylus with two prensisetae apically .................................................................. Phortica panda Cao & Chen sp. nov. – Hindleg tibia lacking scopiform setae apically; surstylus with three prensisetae at least ................................ 5 5. Hindleg tibiae with three black rings and two to three rows of suberect setae on ventral surface, lacking long setae on posteroventral surface; surstylus not covered by epandrium .................................................................. 6 – Hindleg tibiae with two rings, lacking fringe-like setae on ventral surface, with one row of long setae on posteroventral surface, surstylus covered by epandrium ........................................................................... 7 6. Fringe-like setae of hindleg tibiae as long as 1.5 ¥ of tibia width; surstylus medially not protrudent, with two prensisetae .................................................................................................. Phortica hani (Zhang & Shi) – Fringe-like setae of hindleg tibiae shorter than tibia width; surstylus medially protrudent, with seven to eight prensisetae arranged in two rows .................................................. Phortica floccipes Cao & Chen sp. nov. 7. Scutellum orange-brown, black along margin; hindleg tibia basally to apically with one row of about 11 long setae on anteroventral surface which are about as long as the tibia width ............................................................ ............................................................................................. Phortica hirtotibia Cao & Chen sp. nov. – Scutellum entirety blackish; hind tibiae distally with one row of about eight strong setae on anteroventral surface, most of which are shorter than the tibia width ............................. Phortica pinguiseta Cao & Chen sp. nov. A KEY TO PHORTICA HANI SPECIES COMPLEX BASED ON ND 2 AND COI SEQUENCES In the following key to seven species of the P. hani complex, character statuses at diagnostic sites were compared between a given pair of taxa. Each status depiction starts with a letter denoting its affiliated gene (N: ND 2; C: COI), followed by a number (in subscript) indicating the site positions in the sequences of the affiliated gene, and then by the codon position of the site (in parentheses and in subscript), the nucleotide type (after a colon), and the corresponding amino acid type (after a slash, all shown by standard three-letter abbreviations). No character was found to diagnose between P. floccipes and P. panda based on their ND 2 or COI sequences. 1. N 330 (3 rd): A / Leu; N 627 (3 rd): A / Leu; N 919 (1 st): A / Met; C 204 (3 rd): A / Val; C 534 (3 rd): T / Arg; C 574 (1 st): C / Leu; C 627 (3 rd): T / Thr; C 705 (3 rd): T / Phe; C 819 (3 rd): T / Tyr; C 894 (3 rd): C / Asp; C 1002 (3 rd): A / Pro ................................................................................ 2 – N 330 (3 rd): T / Phe; N 627 (3 rd): T / Phe; N 919 (1 st): G / Val; C 204 (3 rd): T / Val; C 534 (3 rd): A / Arg; C 574 (1 st): T / Leu; C 627 (3 rd): A / Thr; C 705 (3 rd): C / Phe; C 819 (3 rd): C / Tyr; C 894 (3 rd): T / Asp; C 1002 (3 rd): G / Pro .............................................................................. 4 2. N 292 (1 st): G / Val; N 605 (2 nd): C / Thr; N 996 (3 rd): A / Met; C 72 (3 rd): C / Ala; C 279 (3 rd): T / Pro; C 402 (3 rd): C / Ile; C 573 (3 rd): T / Phe; C 756 (3 rd): T / Ile; C 805 (1 st): C / Leu; C 1083 (3 rd): C / Val; C 1201 (1 st): T / Leu; C 1335 (3 rd): T / Tyr ............................................................. .............................................................................................. Phortica longiseta Cao & Chen sp. nov. – N 292 (1 st): A / Met; N 605 (2 nd): T / Ile; N 996 (3 rd): T / Ile; C 72 (3 rd): T / Ala; C 279 (3 rd): C / Pro; C 402 (3 rd): T / Ile; C 573 (3 rd): C / Phe; C 756 (3 rd): C / Ile; C 805 (1 st): T / Leu; C 1083 (3 rd): T / Val; C 1201 (1 st): C / Leu; C 1335 (3 rd): C / Tyr ................................................................... 3 3. N 144 (3 rd): C / Asn; N 333 (3 rd): T / His; C 1023 (3 rd): A / Gly; C 1089 (3 rd): T / Ile ........... Phortica pinguiseta Cao & Chen sp. nov. – N 144 (3 rd): T / Asn; N 333 (3 rd): C / His; C 1023 (3 rd): G / Gly; C 1089 (3 rd): C / Ile ............ Phortica hirtotibia Cao & Chen sp. nov. 4. N 441 (3 rd): A / Lys; N 444 (3 rd): T / Pro; N 795 (3 rd): A / Gln; N 810 (3 rd): C / Asn; C 201 (3 rd): A / Met; C 456 (3 rd): T / Gly; C 474 (3 rd): A / Gly; C 537 (3 rd): A / Met; C 648 (3 rd): C / Ser; C 747 (3 rd): T / Phe ...................................................................................................... ......................................... Phortica floccipes Cao & Chen sp. nov. / Phortica panda Cao & Chen sp. nov. – N 441 (3 rd): G / Lys; N 444 (3 rd): C / Pro; N 795 (3 rd): G / Gln; N 810 (3 rd): T / Asn; C 201 (3 rd): G / Met; C 456 (3 rd): A / Gly; C 474 (3 rd): G / Gly; C 537 (3 rd): G / Met; C 648 (3 rd): T / Ser; C 747 (3 rd): C / Phe ..................................................................................................... 5 5. N 405 (3 rd): C / Ile; N 603 (3 rd): C / Phe; N 651 (3 rd): C / Thr; N 774 (3 rd): T / Pro; N 915 (3 rd): T / Asn; C 513 (3 rd): C / Ala; C 594 (3 rd): T / Pro; C 855 (3 rd): G / Val; C 1218 (3 rd): A / Lys .................................................................................... Phortica hani (Zhang & Shi) – N 405 (3 rd): T / Ile; N 603 (3 rd): T / Phe; N 651 (3 rd): T / Thr; N 774 (3 rd): A / Pro; N 915 (3 rd): C / Asn; C 513 (3 rd): T / Ala; C 594 (3 rd): G / Pro; C 855 (3 rd): T / Val; C 1218 (3 rd): G / Lys ............................................................... Phortica longicauda Cao & Chen sp. nov. Measurements: BL = 3.70 mm in holotype (range in four male and five female paratypes: 3.50 – 4.20); ThL = 1.75 mm (1.60 – 2.00); WL = 3.30 mm (3.05 – 3.60); WW = 1.35 mm (1.30 – 1.75). Indices: arb = 3 / 0 (3 – 6 / 0), adf = 0.79 (0.53 – 0.79), flw = 1.64 (1.54 – 2.00), FW / HW = 0.50 (0.49 – 0.53), ch / o = 0.13 (0.12 – 0.14), prorb = 1.21 (1.00 – 1.33), rcorb = 0.52 (0.38 – 0.53), vb = 0.36 (0.32 – 0.59), dcl = 0.52 (0.49 – 0.62), presctl = 0.44 (0.44 – 0.57), sctl = 1.05 (1.03 – 1.07), sterno = 0.81 (0.65 – 0.94), orbito = 1.70 (1.46 – 1.67), dcp = 0.26 (0.19 – 0.30), sctlp = 0.87 (0.72 – 0.96), C = 2.54 (2.57 – 3.24), 4 c = 1.37 (1.07 – 1.26), 4 v = 2.50 (2.25 – 2.65), 5 x = 0.88 (0.68 – 1.10), ac = 2.25 (1.69 – 2.08), M = 0.65 (0.49 – 0.76), C 3 F = 0.56 (0.43 – 0.60).	en	He, Xiaofang, Gao, Jianjun, Cao, Huazhi, Zhang, Xiaolei, Chen, Hongwei (2009): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Phortica hani species complex (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (2): 359-372, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x
B951843E3446FFAA8E28A1B4FABEFADB.taxon	etymology	Etymology: A combination of the Latin words floccus and pes, referring to the hindleg tibia with suberect setae.	en	He, Xiaofang, Gao, Jianjun, Cao, Huazhi, Zhang, Xiaolei, Chen, Hongwei (2009): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Phortica hani species complex (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (2): 359-372, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x
B951843E3446FFAA8E28A1B4FABEFADB.taxon	distribution	Distribution: China (Hubei, Sichuan).	en	He, Xiaofang, Gao, Jianjun, Cao, Huazhi, Zhang, Xiaolei, Chen, Hongwei (2009): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Phortica hani species complex (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (2): 359-372, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x
B951843E3440FFA88E14A005FC4DF909.taxon	description	(FIGS 3, 9, 16, 17)	en	He, Xiaofang, Gao, Jianjun, Cao, Huazhi, Zhang, Xiaolei, Chen, Hongwei (2009): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Phortica hani species complex (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (2): 359-372, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x
B951843E3440FFA88E14A005FC4DF909.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: Holotype male, CHINA: Maoniuhe, Danba, Sichuan, 15. ix. 2005, HW Chen (SCAU, No. 120031). Paratypes: 23 males, five females, same data as holotype except 15 – 16. ix. 2005, H. L. Cao, H. W. Chen, and M. F. Xu (three males, two females in KIZ; the rest in SCAU, Nos 120032 - 54).	en	He, Xiaofang, Gao, Jianjun, Cao, Huazhi, Zhang, Xiaolei, Chen, Hongwei (2009): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Phortica hani species complex (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (2): 359-372, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x
B951843E3440FFA88E14A005FC4DF909.taxon	description	Description: Male and female. Head: frons almost black. Face black on upper part, orange-brown on lower part. Thorax: blackish, with silver-grey pollinose pattern. Scutellum orange-brown, black along margin, with silver-grey pollinosity. Legs: hind tibia with two black rings, one row of about 11 long setae on anteroventral surface which are about as long as the tibia width (Fig. 3 C), basally with six thin, long setae on posteroventral surface that are 1.5 times longer than the tibia width (Fig. 3 D); apically with one long seta (Fig. 3 B). All fifth tarsomeres black, the rest grey-yellow. Male terminalia: epandrium with much elongated ventral margin, covering surstylus (Fig. 16). Cercus with three strong setae (Fig. 16). Surstylus with four prensisetae apically (Fig. 16). Paramere submedially with one small process bearing one sensillum, apically with one sensillum; basal process with fine sawteeth (Fig. 17). Measurements: BL = 3.85 mm in holotype (range in four male paratypes: 3.60 – 4.50); ThL = 1.70 mm (1.80 – 2.00); WL = 3.50 mm (3.45 – 3.80); WW = 1.50 mm (1.45 – 1.55). Indices: arb = 4 / 0 (4 – 7 / 0), adf = 0.67 (0.50 – 0.78), flw = 1.83 (1.57 – 1.92), FW / HW = 0.51 (0.50 – 0.52), ch / o = 0.12 (0.11 – 0.15), prorb = 1.32 (1.17 – 1.55), rcorb = 0.43 (0.39 – 0.55), vb = 0.50 (0.39 – 0.55), dcl = 0.55 (0.45 – 0.54), presctl = 0.55 (0.46 – 0.56), sctl = 1.23 (1.03 – 1.10), sterno = 0.78 (0.80 – 0.90), orbito = 1.73 (1.50 – 1.80), dcp = 0.32 (0.25 – 0.35), sctlp = 0.95 (0.91 – 1.05), C = 2.70 (2.33 – 2.65), 4 c = 1.11 (1.19 – 1.50), 4 v = 2.13 (2.20 – 3.00), 5 x = 0.79 (0.55 – 0.97), ac = 1.90 (1.80 – 2.00), M = 0.50 (0.37 – 0.77), C 3 F = 0.51 (0.47 – 0.58).	en	He, Xiaofang, Gao, Jianjun, Cao, Huazhi, Zhang, Xiaolei, Chen, Hongwei (2009): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Phortica hani species complex (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (2): 359-372, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x
B951843E3440FFA88E14A005FC4DF909.taxon	etymology	Etymology: A combination of the Latin words hirtus and tibia, referring to the hindleg tibia with long setae.	en	He, Xiaofang, Gao, Jianjun, Cao, Huazhi, Zhang, Xiaolei, Chen, Hongwei (2009): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Phortica hani species complex (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (2): 359-372, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x
B951843E3440FFA88E14A005FC4DF909.taxon	distribution	Distribution: China (Sichuan).	en	He, Xiaofang, Gao, Jianjun, Cao, Huazhi, Zhang, Xiaolei, Chen, Hongwei (2009): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Phortica hani species complex (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (2): 359-372, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x
B951843E3442FFA78D8FA3ABFFA5FA63.taxon	description	(FIGS 4, 18, 19) Material examined: Holotype male, CHINA: Weixi, Shangrila, Yunnan, 27. vii. 2004, HW Chen (SCAU, No. 120003). Description: Male. Head: frons villiform black. Thorax: scutum and scutellum blackish, with dense silver-grey pollinose pattern. Legs: hind tibia with two black rings (Fig. 4); distally with one row of about eight strong setae on anteroventral surface, most of which are shorter than tibiae width (Fig. 4 C), basally with eight thin, long setae on posterior surface, these longer than 1.5 times the tibiae width (Fig. 4 D), apically with one long seta (Fig. 4 B). All fifth tarsomeres black, the rest grey-yellow. Male terminalia: epandrium much elongated ventral margin, covered with surstylus (Fig. 18). Cercus with three strong setae (Fig. 18). Surstylus with about seven prensisetae apically (Fig. 18). Paramere with one process submedially, lacking sensilla; basal process with fine sawteeth (Fig. 19). Measurements: BL = 3.36 mm in holotype; ThL = 1.90 mm; WL = 3.25 mm; WW = 1.35 mm. Indices: arb = 3 / 0, adf = 0.58, flw = 1.83, FW / HW = 0.50, ch / o = 0.14, prorb = 1.14, rcorb = 0.39, vb = 0.24, dcl = 0.54, presctl = 0.51, sctl = 1.08, sterno = 0.85, orbito = 1.73, dcp = 0.33, sctlp = 1.04, C = 2.63, 4 c = 1.46, 4 v = 2.80, 5 x = 0.94, ac = 2.07, M = 0.68, C 3 F = 0.54. Etymology: A combination of the Latin words pinguis and setea meaning strong setae, referring to the cercus with setae ventrally. Distribution: China (Yunnan).	en	He, Xiaofang, Gao, Jianjun, Cao, Huazhi, Zhang, Xiaolei, Chen, Hongwei (2009): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Phortica hani species complex (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (2): 359-372, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x
B951843E344DFFA68D9AA344FC4DFA9C.taxon	description	(FIGS 5, 10, 20, 21)	en	He, Xiaofang, Gao, Jianjun, Cao, Huazhi, Zhang, Xiaolei, Chen, Hongwei (2009): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Phortica hani species complex (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (2): 359-372, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x
B951843E344DFFA68D9AA344FC4DFA9C.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: Holotype male, CHINA: Fengtongzhai, Baoxing, Sichuan, 20. ix. 2005, H. W. Chen (SCAU, No. 120001).	en	He, Xiaofang, Gao, Jianjun, Cao, Huazhi, Zhang, Xiaolei, Chen, Hongwei (2009): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Phortica hani species complex (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (2): 359-372, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x
B951843E344DFFA68D9AA344FC4DFA9C.taxon	description	Description: Male. Head: frons black on upper part, brown on lower part. Face black on upper part, orange-brown on lower part. Thorax: scutum with black patches and silver-grey pollinose pattern. Scutellum orange-brown, black along margin. Legs: hind tibiae with three black rings; subapically with two to three rows of short, scopiform setae on ventral surfaces (Fig. 5 E) and one very long apical seta (Fig. 5 B), lacking any long setae on ventral and posteroventral surface (Fig. 5). All fifth tarsomeres black, the rest grey-yellow. Male terminalia: ventral margin of epandrium not elongated (Fig. 20). Cercus with three strong setae (Fig. 20). Surstylus with two prensisetae apically (Fig. 20). Paramere mediobasally with a triangular projection, submedially with one small process, which bears one sensillum; basal process with fine sawteeth (Fig. 21). Measurements: BL = 4.40 mm in holotype; ThL = 1.95 mm; WL = 3.50 mm; WW = 1.50 mm. Indices: arb = 4 / 0, adf = 0.69, flw = 1.92, FW / HW = 0.56, ch / o = 0.12, prorb = 0.97, rcorb = 0.41, vb = 0.33, dcl = 0.59, presctl = 0.63, sctl = 1.05, sterno = 0.77, orbito = 2.00, dcp = 0.30, sctlp = 0.89, C = 2.70, 4 c = 1.42, 4 v = 2.83, 5 x = 0.77, ac = 2.02, M = 0.64, C 3 F = 0.59. Etymology: Pertaining to the giant panda, which was first discovered by P. D. Armand in 1869 in Baoxing, the type locality of the new fly species. Distribution: China (Sichuan).	en	He, Xiaofang, Gao, Jianjun, Cao, Huazhi, Zhang, Xiaolei, Chen, Hongwei (2009): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Phortica hani species complex (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (2): 359-372, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x
B951843E344DFFA68D9AA344FC4DFA9C.taxon	etymology	Etymology: Pertaining to the giant panda, which was first discovered by P. D. Armand in 1869 in Baoxing, the type locality of the new fly species.	en	He, Xiaofang, Gao, Jianjun, Cao, Huazhi, Zhang, Xiaolei, Chen, Hongwei (2009): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Phortica hani species complex (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (2): 359-372, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x
B951843E344DFFA68D9AA344FC4DFA9C.taxon	distribution	Distribution: China (Sichuan).	en	He, Xiaofang, Gao, Jianjun, Cao, Huazhi, Zhang, Xiaolei, Chen, Hongwei (2009): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Phortica hani species complex (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (2): 359-372, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x
B951843E344CFFA68D8AA041FB4CF99E.taxon	description	(FIGS 6, 11, 22, 23) Material examined: Holotype male, CHINA: Maoniuhe, Danba, Sichuan, 15. ix. 2005, H. W. Chen (SCAU, No. 120007). Paratypes: CHINA: three males, same data as holotype (SCAU, Nos 120004 - 0006); one male, Wuliangshan, Jingdong, Yunnan, alt. 1900 m, 24 ° 32 ′ N, 101 ° 01 ′ E, 27. vii. 2001, J. J. Gao (KIZ). Description: Male. Head: frons almost black. Face almost brown. Thorax: black with silver-grey pollinose pattern. Scutellum orange-yellow medially, black along margin, yellow at tip. Legs: hind tibia with three black rings, lacking any long setae (Fig. 6). All fifth tarsomeres black, the rest grey yellow. Male terminalia: epandrium elongated ventrally (Fig. 22). Cercus with three long setae (Fig. 22). Surstylus with one prensiseta apically (Fig. 22). Paramere submedially with two small processes and two sensilla; basal process lacking fine sawteeth (Fig. 23). Measurements: BL = 3.55 mm (range in four male paratypes: 3.55 – 3.70); ThL = 1.75 mm (1.75 – 1.80); WL = 3.40 mm (3.30 – 3.45); WW = 1.50 mm (1.45 – 1.50). Indices: arb = 5 / 0 (4 / 0 – 6 / 0), adf = 0.67 (0.46 – 0.75), flw = 1.75 (1.47 – 1.92), FW / HW = 0.54 (0.51 – 0.52), ch / o = 0.12 (0.11 – 0.14), prorb = 1.16 (1.07 – 1.29), rcorb = 0.45 (0.40 – 0.50), vb = 0.36 (0.33 – 0.50), dcl = 0.55 (0.48 – 0.62), presctl = 0.48 (0.45 – 0.55), sctl = 1.05 (1.05 – 1.09), sterno = 0.86 (0.82 – 0.88), orbito = 1.80 (1.46 – 1.55), dcp = 0.233 (0.25 – 0.31), sctlp = 1.14 (0.83 – 1.04), C = 2.81 (2.77 – 3.04), 4 c = 1.22 (1.17 – 1.28), 4 v = 2.34 (2.31 – 2.78), 5 x = 0.82 (0.69 – 1.00), ac = 1.91 (1.80 – 2.02), M = 0.59 (0.49 – 0.67), C 3 F = 0.45 (0.51 – 0.56). Etymology: A combination of the Latin words: longus and cauda, referring to the elongated cercus. Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan).	en	He, Xiaofang, Gao, Jianjun, Cao, Huazhi, Zhang, Xiaolei, Chen, Hongwei (2009): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Phortica hani species complex (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (2): 359-372, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x
B951843E344CFFA58E2BA344FA20FAF7.taxon	description	(FIGS 12, 24, 25)	en	He, Xiaofang, Gao, Jianjun, Cao, Huazhi, Zhang, Xiaolei, Chen, Hongwei (2009): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Phortica hani species complex (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (2): 359-372, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x
B951843E344CFFA58E2BA344FA20FAF7.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: Holotype male, CHINA: Shennongjia, Hubei, 5. viii. 2001, H. W. Chen (SCAU, No. 120002).	en	He, Xiaofang, Gao, Jianjun, Cao, Huazhi, Zhang, Xiaolei, Chen, Hongwei (2009): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Phortica hani species complex (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (2): 359-372, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x
B951843E344CFFA58E2BA344FA20FAF7.taxon	description	Description: Male. Head: frons almost black. Thorax: Scutellum black, with dense silver-grey pollinosity, yellow at tip. Legs: hind tibia with three 3 black rings, lacking any long setae. All fifth tarsomeres black, the rest grey yellow. Male terminalia. Epandrium with elongated ventral margin (Fig. 24). Cercus with two long setae (Fig. 24). Surstylus with one prensiseta apically (Fig. 24). Paramere submedially with two small processes and two sensilla; basal process lacking fine sawteeth (Fig. 25). Measurements: BL = 3.25 mm in holotype; ThL = 1.60 mm; WL = 2.90 mm; WW = 1.25 mm. Indices: arb = 5 / 0, adf = 0.75, flw = 1.67, FW / HW = 0.52, ch / o = 0.14, prorb = 1.12, rcorb = 0.32, vb = 0.50, dcl = 0.35, presctl = 0.44, sctl = 1.15, sterno = 0.92, orbito = 1.36, dcp = 0.21, sctlp = 0.90, C = 2.90, 4 c = 1.24, 4 v = 2.66, 5 x = 1.03, ac = 1.8, M = 0.71, C 3 F = 0.44.	en	He, Xiaofang, Gao, Jianjun, Cao, Huazhi, Zhang, Xiaolei, Chen, Hongwei (2009): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Phortica hani species complex (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (2): 359-372, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x
B951843E344CFFA58E2BA344FA20FAF7.taxon	etymology	Etymology: A combination of the Latin words longus and seta, referring to the cercus with long setae.	en	He, Xiaofang, Gao, Jianjun, Cao, Huazhi, Zhang, Xiaolei, Chen, Hongwei (2009): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Phortica hani species complex (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (2): 359-372, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x
B951843E344CFFA58E2BA344FA20FAF7.taxon	distribution	Distribution: China (Hubei).	en	He, Xiaofang, Gao, Jianjun, Cao, Huazhi, Zhang, Xiaolei, Chen, Hongwei (2009): Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the Phortica hani species complex (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157 (2): 359-372, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00516.x
