taxonID	type	description	language	source
F31D87FD1C34FFD921AEF46CFC7E64A8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Medium-sized cyphophthalmids with eye lenses anterior to the ozophores (Figs 2 C, 3 B); ozophores of type 1, situated on carapace margin (Juberthie, 1970 a) (Fig. 3 B), opening subterminally (Novak & Giribet, 2006), and with spiral ornamentation (de Bivort & Giribet, 2004). Anterior margin of carapace projecting anteriorly (Fig. 2 A). Transverse prosomal sulcus present, V-shaped. Transverse opisthosomal sulci present. Mid-dorsal, longitudinal opisthosomal sulcus present, and formed by a sparser cuticular ornamentation (Fig. 2 A). Chelicerae not of the protruding type (Giribet, 2003) (Fig. 2 A); widest part of second cheliceral segment near the base and without ornamentation; most-basal article with dorsal crest and two ventral processes. Palp trochanter without ventral process. Second article of palp ornamented in more than half of its length. Metatarsus of all legs ornamented; tarsi almost completely ornamented; with a distinct solea on leg I; claws of all legs smooth, without comb-like modifications or lateral pegs. Tibia of leg III of males modified, subtriangular, with the widest part near the patellotibial joint (Fig. 4 A). Tarsus IV of males not divided, but highly modified with a deep depression in ventro-retrolateral position (Figs 2 A, B, 4 B); Rambla’s organ absent. Adenostyle conspicuous, subtriangular, robust, and sclerotized (Figs 2 C, 4 B, C); located in the most distal half of the tarsus. Coxae of leg II fused to coxae of legs III and IV. Sternum present. Proximal end of coxae I or III of males not meeting along the midline; male gonostome semicircular, large, as large as the proximal ventral part of coxae of leg IV. Spiracles C-shaped (Fig. 3 C). Conspicuous ventral depression in the opisthosomal anterior sternites (Figs 2 C, 3 C). Sternal opisthosomal glands absent. Sternites 8 and 9 and tergite IX free (Fig. 3 D). Anal plate and anal region without modifications. Anal glands absent. Hansen’s organ absent. Spermatopositor studied for a single species, as in Meghalaya annandalei sp. nov. (Fig. 5). Ovipositor not available for study (only one damaged female available).	en	Giribet, Gonzalo, Sharma, Prashant P., Bastawade, Deshbhushan B. (2007): A new genus and species of Cyphophthalmi (Arachnida: Opiliones) from the north-eastern states of India. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 151 (4): 663-670, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00347.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00347.x
F31D87FD1C34FFD921AEF46CFC7E64A8.taxon	type_taxon	Included species: M. annandalei sp. nov., the type species of the genus. The genus description is also based on three male specimens from three additional localities from Meghālaya (MHNG), and a poorly preserved female specimen from Arunāchal Pradesh (ZSI).	en	Giribet, Gonzalo, Sharma, Prashant P., Bastawade, Deshbhushan B. (2007): A new genus and species of Cyphophthalmi (Arachnida: Opiliones) from the north-eastern states of India. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 151 (4): 663-670, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00347.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00347.x
F31D87FD1C34FFD921AEF46CFC7E64A8.taxon	discussion	Phylogenetic position: At present the genus cannot be assigned to any of the known families of Cyphophthalmi with certainty (see Discussion below), and therefore we prefer to leave its familial placement as uncertain.	en	Giribet, Gonzalo, Sharma, Prashant P., Bastawade, Deshbhushan B. (2007): A new genus and species of Cyphophthalmi (Arachnida: Opiliones) from the north-eastern states of India. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 151 (4): 663-670, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00347.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00347.x
F31D87FD1C34FFD921AEF46CFC7E64A8.taxon	etymology	Etymology: Meghālaya literally means ‘ The Abode of Clouds’ in Hindi and Sanskrit, in reference to the Himalayan region where the new genus occurs – although the Meghālaya region is not part of the Himalayas proper.	en	Giribet, Gonzalo, Sharma, Prashant P., Bastawade, Deshbhushan B. (2007): A new genus and species of Cyphophthalmi (Arachnida: Opiliones) from the north-eastern states of India. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 151 (4): 663-670, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00347.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00347.x
F31D87FD1C37FFDF2101F3C3FF64640C.taxon	materials_examined	Type material: Male holotype (ZSI) from Mehao Wildlife Sanctuary, Arunāchal Pradesh, Dibang Valley District India, collected 10 – 13 September 1991 by D. B. Bastawade. One male paratype (ZSI), with the same collecting data as the holotype. Diagnosis: Medium-sized (c. 3.6 mm) cyphophthalmid with eyes located anteriorly to the ozophores (Figs 2 C, 3 B), a conspicuous opisthosomal ventral depression (Figs 2 C, 3 C), rhomboidal in shape, reaching the anterior part of the opisthosomal sternite V, and reaching its maximum width towards the posterior margin of opisthosomal segment 3. Tibia of leg III clearly enlarged, about twice as deep at the basal end when compared with the proximal end (Fig. 4 A). Adenostyle large and robust, subtriangular, with cuticular ornamentation, and not fringing at the tip (Figs 2 C, 4 B, C). Ventro-retrolateral depression of tarsus IV of male deep, and occupying nearly all of the tarsal length (Figs 2 A, B, 4 B, D). Description: Same as for diagnosis of genus and species. Body length, 3.62 mm; maximum body width, 2.00 mm at third opisthosomal segment; length / width ratio, 1.8. Distance between ozopores, 1.95 mm. Opisthosomal sternal depression 0.80 - mm long, 0.66 - mm wide. Table 1 lists the appendage measurements of the holotype. Adenostyle located in the distal half of the tarsus (Fig. 4 B, C); 0.11 mm from base to tip, 0.13 mm at the base; large and robust, subtriangular, with cuticular ornamentation, and not fringing at the tip. Ventroretrolateral depression of tarsus IV of male deep, and occupying nearly all of the tarsus length (Fig. 4 B). Spermatopositor in dorsal view (Fig. 5 A, C) with six pairs of long microtrichia on each side, bases fused at midline. Dorsal microtrichia basally smooth, apically serrated, and terminating with hair-like structures. Central pair of dorsal microtrichia significantly thicker than other pairs. Ventral side (Fig. 5 B, D) smooth, without denticles or ornamentation. Distal margin of spermatopositor flattened, not semicircular. Five pairs of serrated ventral microtrichia on distal margin, all terminating in hair-like structures; first (central) pair reduced and bearing three hair-like structures, and fourth (second-to-outermost) pair reduced. One reduced, smooth pair of microtrichia on termini of distal margin, projecting towards the midline. Female unknown. Etymology: The species is named after Thomas Nelson Annandale (1876 – 1924), first director of the Zoological Survey of India from 1916 to 1924. He established the Institute by segregating it from the Indian Museum to become an independent research organization for zoological taxonomy and faunal surveys of British India, including Sri Lanka and Burma.	en	Giribet, Gonzalo, Sharma, Prashant P., Bastawade, Deshbhushan B. (2007): A new genus and species of Cyphophthalmi (Arachnida: Opiliones) from the north-eastern states of India. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 151 (4): 663-670, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00347.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00347.x
F31D87FD1C31FFDF232AF399FB1D640B.taxon	materials_examined	Other material examined: One female (ZSI) from Miao, Arunāchal Pradesh, Changlang District, India, 600 m a. s. l., collected 6 March 1990 by D. B. Bastawade (this is the specimen reported by Bastawade in 1992). One male (MHNG) from Khasi Hills, between Mawsynram and Balat, 16 km from Mawsynram, Meghālaya, India, 1000 m a. s. l., collected 27 October 1978 by C. Besuchet and I. Löbl. One male (MHNG) from Khasi Hills, above Shillong, North face, Meghālaya, India, 1850 – 1950 m a. s. l., collected 25 October 1978 by C. Besuchet and I. Löbl. One male (MHNG, MCZ DNA 102051) from Tura trail (25 ° 30 ′ 28 ′′ N, 90 ° 13 ′ 54 ′′ E), Tura Peak, West Garo Hills District, Meghālaya, India, 650 m a. s. l., collected 14 October 2004 by G. Cuccodoro, C. Carlton, R. Leschen and D. Erne. This material may well correspond to four new species: the one from Miao known only from a female specimen, and the other three from Meghālaya, known by a single male each. We prefer to postpone the description of these new species until more material becomes available for study.	en	Giribet, Gonzalo, Sharma, Prashant P., Bastawade, Deshbhushan B. (2007): A new genus and species of Cyphophthalmi (Arachnida: Opiliones) from the north-eastern states of India. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 151 (4): 663-670, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00347.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00347.x
